Q1.

Complete the following table for refrigerant-134a (Show all

workings)

T
( C)
?
-12
-16
?
44
o

Q2.

600
?
500
1200
?

180
?
?
332.47
?

Quality
(x)
?
0.6
?
?
1.0

The change in kinetic energy;

marks)
The power output of the turbine;
marks)
The turbine inlet area.
marks)

ii.
iii.

Phase
description
?
?
?
?
?
(15 Marks)

(4
(8
(4

A piston-cylinder device with a volume of 0.06482 m3 contains 0.2

kg of water initially at a pressure of 800 kPa. Now 200 kJ of heat is
transferred to the water while its pressure is held constant.
Determine:
i.
ii.

Q4.

h (kJ/kg)

Steam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine. The inlet

conditions of the steam are 10 MPa, 450oC and 80 m/s; the exit
conditions are 10kPa, 92% quality and 50 m/s. The mass flow rate
of the steam is 12 kg/s. Determine:
i.

Q3.

P (kPa)

the final temperature of the water;

(8
marks)
Show the process on a T-v diagram with respect to the
saturation lines.
(2
marks)

A mass of 10 grams of oxygen fills a weighted piston-cylinder device

at 20 kPa and 100oC. The device is now cooled until the
temperature is 0oC. Determine the change in volume of the device
as a result of the cooling.
(9 marks)

Q5. A 100 mm diameter pipe discharges 165 liters of water per second
without shock,
onto a series of vanes which are moving at 12 m/s in the same
direction as the water
jet. The vanes are curved so that they would, if stationary, deflect
the jet through an

angle of 115. Friction reduces the relative velocity between the

vane inlet and
outlet by 18%. The density of the water is 995 kg/m3 and the
dynamic viscosity
is 7.975 x 10-4 Ns/m2 .
Determine:
a) The flow regime of the water in the pipe;
b) The velocity and direction of the water jet exiting from the vanes;
c) The magnitude and direction of the resultant force.
(16 marks)
Q6.
a) A flat 500 X 500 mm square heater plate of negligible thickness is
suspended vertically in a room. The emissivity of the heater surface
is = 0.85 and the GrashofPrandtl number GrPr = 5.3 x 108. If the
room air temperature is 20C, determine how much power has to be
supplied to the heater to maintain ALL heater surface temperatures
at 105C.
b) A water storage tank includes a rigid gate OAB as indicated in the
figure below. The gate is hinged at O and rests against the concrete
beam at B. If filled with water as per the figure below, determine the
minimum horizontal force P required to hold the gate closed if its
width is 3m. Neglect the weight of the gate as well as friction in the

hinge.
(17 marks)
Q7.
a) A modern supertanker has a tank capacity of 500 000 metric tons of
Arabian crude oil which has a relative density of = 0.86. The ship
is basically a rectangle, 400m long by 65 m wide. The mass of the
ship is approximately 230 000 metric tons. When empty, the ship
has to take on seawater as ballast so as to maintain a minimum
draft (depth below sea level) of 12m. Determine the following:

The ships maximum draft when it is fully laden.

The fraction (as a percentage) of the tank which has to be filled with
seawater when the supertanker is empty.

The density of sea water is = 1025 kg/m3.

b) A piston and cylinder assembly having a cross-sectional area of
0.12m2 is filled with water and connected to a small diameter pipe
as shown in the diagram below. An open ended, mercury filled, Utube manometer is connected to the pipe as shown. A force P is
applied to the piston causing the mercury in the U-tube manometer
to rise as indicated. Determine the applied force P, assuming that

the weight of the piston is negligible. Mercury = 13600 kg/m3,

1000 kg/m3.
(17 marks)

H2O