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Reviwerformaterialsengineer
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AjeiPlando,StructuralEngineeratFluor
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PublishedonJul07,2014

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HiEngr.Ajiethanks.....wiliamalingasEDCOP
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Engr.RodGarcia,ProjectManageratFreyssinetInternationalManilaInc.
HiEngr.Ajei,Thanks..I'mRodGarciafromFreyssinetInternational'.Bestregards..
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@AjeiPlandohi...youhaveacopyofbluebookvolume2?
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Reviwerformaterialsengineer
1. 1.MATERIALSENGINEERSREVIEWNOTESSETONE1.Thestandardpenetrationtest(SPT)isanin
situtestthatmeasureswhat?Ans.depthofsoillayer2.Whichoftheff.bituminousmaterialisbest
recommendedforsealingweakenedplanejoints?Ans.jointfillerasphalt(commonlycalledhardasphaltor
blownasphalt)3.Themainproblemassociatedwithwrongpracticeofconveyingconcreteiscalledwhat?
Ans.segregation4.Thespecificationscallfor1:2:4concretemix.Inaonebaggermixer,whichoftheff.
amountofwaterismostlikelyrequiredforthemix?Ans.20liters5.Aonelaneroad,withapavement
widthof3.5metersandshoulderwidthof0.5meteroneachsideofthepavement,wasdesignedtohavesub
baseandbasecourseswithacombinedthicknessof300mm.Ifthethicknessofthesubbaseisa125mm,the
spreadingandcompactionofthesubbaseandbasecoursesshallbecarriedoutin:Ans.3layersoverthefull
widthof4.5m6.Asmaterialsengineer,whatistheareaofthetrialsectionthatyouwouldrecommendto
checkthesuitabilityofthematerialsandefficiencyoftheequipmenttobeusedforitem310Bituminous
ConcreteSurfaceCourse?Ans.about500sq.m7.Perprogramofwork,theestimatedvolumeofItem201
materialsis7500cu.m.HowmanygradingandplasticitytestsarerequiredbasedontheDPWHminimum
testingrequirements?Ans.25gradingand25plasticity8.Bituminousconcretemixescontainasphaltby
weightequivalenttowhat?Ans.5to8%9.Qualityoffactoryproducedreinforcedconcretepipesmaybe
bestestablishmentthroughwhat?Ans.Testofconcretepipessamples10.Wheredowetakeadditional
coreswhenthemeasuredofanycoretakenfromthepavementisdeficientinthicknessbymorethan25mm?
Ans.atnolessthan5meterintervalsparalleltothecenterlineineachdirectionfromtheaffectedlocation
11.TheresultsoftheImmersionCompressiontestconductedonanasphaltmixsampleareasfollows:Dry
stability=2,000KpaWetstability=1,000KpaWhatistheresultingIndexofRetainedstrength?Doesitmeet
thespecificationrequirementofItem301,BituminousConcreteSurfaceCourse?Ans.IndexofRetained
StrengthorIRS=Wetstabilityx100Drystability=(1,000Kpa/2,000Kpa)x100IRS=50%*No,itdoes
notmeetthespecificationofItem310sincethespecificationofIRSis70%minimumwhiletheresultingIRS
hereisonly50%.
2. 2.12.QualityControltestinginaDPWHprojectistheresponsibilityofthe_________?Ans.Contractor
MaterialsEngineers13.Asmaterialsengineers,whenistherighttimetostartsamplingandtestingaggregate

ofthecoursematerials?Ans.Beforethecoursematerialsbeincorporatedintheproject.14.Thespotteston
asphaltisusedtodeterminewhat?Ans.overheatingduringmanufacture15.Underwhatclimatic
condition(s)doweusethelowerpenetrationgradeorhardasphalt?Ans.hotclimate16.Samplingofthe
freshlymixedconcreteshouldbetakenonthe______batchdischargeofthetransitmixer?Ans.middle17.
Softandunstablesoilswereencounteredduringthecourseofsubgradepreparation.Ifyouwerethematerials
engineerassignedtotheproject,whatisthemosteffectiveandcheapermethodthatyouwouldrecommendto
stabilizethesoilpriortotheconstructionofthesubbasecourse?Ans.geotextiles18.Howmanytimesper
layershouldaconcretespecimenmoldedina6x6x12beammoldberodded?Ans.63times19.Whatis
thebasisforacceptanceorrejectionofanyconstructionmaterials?Ans.MaterialsTestReports20.In
testingconcretecylindersampletheloadappliedshouldbecontinuouswithoutshockataconstantratewithin
therangeof_______persecond.Ans.0.14to0.34Mpapersecondor20to50psipersecond.21.During
theapplicationofthefirsthalfoftheanticipatedloadaloadingshallbepermitted.Ans.higherrate22.
Initialrollinginbituminousmixesshallbeperformedwitha___________roller.Ans.PneumaticTire
roller23.Finalrollinginbituminousmixesshallbeperformedwitha____________roller.Ans.3wheelor
tandemtypesteelwheelroller24.RollingofBituminousmixshallbediscontinuedwheneveritbeginsto
produceexcessive__________or__________.Ans.pulverizingoftheaggregateordisplacementofthe
mixture25.Finalrollingshallbecontinueduntilrollermarksareeliminatedandaminimum_________mass
percentofthedensityofthelaboratorycompactedaspecimenpreparedinaccordancewithAASHTOT160
hasbeenobtained.Ans.95masspercent26.Samplefromcompactedbituminousmixshallbeneatlycutby
asaworcoredrill.Eachsampleshallbeatleast___________.Ans.150mmx150mmx100mmdiameter
fulldepth
3. 3.27.ForsurfaceTolerancesthesurface(bituminousmix)willbecheckedbytheusedofa__________at
sitesselectedbytheengineer.Ans.3mstraightedge28.Ifthevolumeofcoarseaggregateintendedinyour
projectin85cu.m.,howmanygradingtestwillyouperform?Ans.1gradingtest29.Whatisthemost
commonmethodadaptedbyDPWHinthedeterminationofdensityofthesoilinplace?Ans.sandcone
method30.Whatistheminimumsampleformoisturecontentdeterminationifthemaximumsizeofparticles
is50mm(2inches)?Ans.1000grams31.Whatistheminimummassoffieldsampleforamaximumsizeof
fineaggregatesat4.75mm(no.4)?Ans.20kgs.32.Whatisminimummassoffieldsamplesforcoarse
aggregatewithamaximumnominalsizeofaggregatesof50mm(2inches)?Ans.75kgs.33.Whatisthe
minimummass/qualityofsamplesforPortlandcementtobetestedforqualitytestinthelaboratory?Ans.10
kgs.34.Whatistheminimummass/qualityofsamplesforasphalticmaterials?Ans.5liters35.The
minimummass/quantityofsamplesforasphaltmix?Ans.10kgs.36.Thesubmissionofanytypeof
samplesinthelaboratory,whatshouldyouaccomplishedandtobesubmittedtogetherwiththesamples?Ans.
samplecard37.Iftheminimumyieldstrengthofagrade40steelbarsis40,000psi,whatistheequivalent
MN/m2?Ans.276Mpa38.Iftheminimumyieldstrengthofagrade60steelbarsis414Mpa,whatisthe
equivalentinPSI?Ans.60,000psi39.Howmanysamplesforqualityofsteelbarsgrade40ifthereare
15,500kgs.ofsteelbarsall25mm0atsite?Ans.2samples@1meterlong40.Whatistheminimummass
ofyieldsamplesforcoarseaggregateswithamaximumnominalsizeofaggregateof75mm(3inches)?Ans.
100kgs.41.Whatistheminimummassofcoarseaggregatesretainedonthe200mmsieveshallbesetaside
forsieveanalysisfor50mm(2inches)particlesize?Ans.2kgs.
4. 4.42.Whatistheminimumaveragestrengthrequirementfornonloadbearingconcretehollowblocks?Ans.
4.14Mpa.43.Whatistheminimumaveragestrengthrequirementforaloadbearingconcretehollow
blocks?Ans.6.9Mpa.44.Whatistheaveragedeficientthicknessperlotofcoresspecimenwhereno
paymentisrecommendedontheproject?Ans.morethan25mm45.Whatisthemaximumaverage
deficientthicknessperlotofcoresspecimenwhere100%paymentisrecommended?Ans,5mmmaximum
46.Concreteinthearearepresentedbythecoreswillbeconsideradequateiftheaveragestrengthofthecores
isequaltoatleast________ofthespecifiedstrength,fcandnosinglecoreislessthan75%offc.Ans.
85%fc47.Theweightedlossoffineaggregatessubjectedto5cyclesofthesodiumsulfatesoundnesstest
shouldnotexceed.Ans.10mass%48.TherecommendedtypeofPortlandcementtobeusedinconcreting
unlessotherwiseprovidedforinthespecialprovision:Ans.type149.Portlandcementmaybe/shallbe
rejectedif:Ans.ithaspartiallysetitcontainslumpsofcakecementitcomesfromadiscardedorused
bag50.Fineaggregatesshallberejectedwheniffailsinthe________fororganicimpurities.Ans.
colormatictest51.FineaggregatesusedforPCCPshallnotcontainmorethan________ofmaterialspassing
the0.075mm(no.200sieve)bywashing.Ans.3masspercent52.ThecoarseaggregateusedforPCCP
shallnotcontainmorethan________ofmaterialspassingthe0.075mm(no.200sieve)bywashing.Ans.1

masspercent53.ThemasspercentofwearorabrationlossofcoarseaggregateusedforwhenbyAASHTO
T96shouldnotexceed.Ans.50%54.Theweightedlossofcoarseaggregatewhensubjectedtofive(5)
cycleofthesodiumsulfatesoundnesstestshouldnotexceed.Ans.12masspercent55.Theuseddowelbars
usedinPCCPisAns.plainroundbar56.AdepartmentOrderseriesof1997givesupplementguidelineson
theconductofProjectassessmentbytheQualityassuranceunitsRegionalOffice(QAURO)Ans.D.O.#52
5. 5.57.ADepartmentOrderseriesof1997,RevisedDPWHStandardspecificationforElastomericbearing
padsforbridgesuperstructures.Ans.D.O.#2058.Whatisthemaximumcompressivestrengthof150mmx
300mmconcretecylinderspecimenat28daysforclassBconcrete?Ans.5000Psi(37.7Mpa)59.Whatis
themaximumcompressivestrengthof150mmx300mmconcretecylinderspecimenat28daysforclassC
concrete?Ans.3000Psi(20.7Mpa)60.Theweepholesshallbeplacedatthelowestpointswherefree
outletsforwatercanbeobtainedandshallbespreadnotmorethan:Ans.2meterscentertocenter61.One
ofthemostcommonmethodusedincompactiontest/moisturedensityrelationtestofsoilis:Ans.AASHTO
T18062.Whichoftheff.commonmethodusedincompactiontest/moisturedensityrelationtestofsoil
adoptedbyDPWH:Ans.AASHTOT99andAASHTOT18063.IfyouaretouseAASHTOT99method
(standardproctortest)incompactiontest,whatistheweightoframmertobeused?Ans.2.5kgs.(5.5lbs.)
64.UsingthestandardproctortestorAASHTOT99,whatistheheightofdroptoafreefallabovethe
elevationofthesoilanduniformlydistributessuchdropstothesoilsurface?Ans.305mm(12)65.Using
thestandardProctortestorAASHTOT99ormoisturedensityrelationtest,whatistherecommendedno.of
blowsperlayer?Ans.25blows66.UsingthemodifiedProctortest(AASHTOT180)methodformoisture
densityrelationtestofsoil,whatistherecommendedno.ofblowsperlayer?Ans.56blows67.Usingagain
themodifiedProctortest(AASHTOT180)methodformoisturedensityrelationtestofsoil,whatisthe
heightofdroptoafreefallabovetheelevationofthesoilanduniformlydistributessuchdropstothesoil
surface?Ans.457mm(18)68.Whatisthecapacityorthecomputedvolumeofmoldusing6(152mm)
moldforbothAASHTOT99&AASHTOT180method?Ans.0.002124m369.Whatarethedatas
neededinmoisturedensityrelationtestofsoil2mostcommonmethod?Ans.maximumdrydensity(MDD)
optimummoisturecontent(OMC)70.Theprimecoatshallbeleftundisturbedforaperiodofatleast
________hrs.andshallnotbeopenedtotrafficuntilithaspenetratedandcuredsufficientlysothatitwillnot
bepickedupbythewheelsforpassingvehicles.Ans.24hrs.
6. 6.71.Concretevibratorsshalloperateatmaximumspacingof________.Ans.60cm72.Stockpilesof
concreteaggregatesshallbebuiltupinlayersofnotmorethaninthickness.Ans.one(1)meter73.All
washedaggregatesshallbestockpiledorbinnedfordrainingatleast________hrs.beforebeingbatched.Ans.
12hrs.74.Concretenotinplacewithin________fromthetimetheingredientswherechargedintothe
mixingdrumorthathasdevelopedinitialsetshallnotbeused.Ans.90minutes75.Shallnotbepaintedor
coatedwithasphaltorothermaterialsorenclosedintubesorsleeves.Ans.tiebars76.Mortarthatisnot
usedwithin________afterthewaterhasbeenaddedshallbediscarded.Ans.90minutes77.Themaximum
tensilestrengthofthewiremeshforgabionsshallbeAns.586.1Mpa78.Awiremeshmadeofgalvanized
steelusedasaprotectionworks.Ans.gabions79.Minimumdiameterofgabionsperstandardspecification
requirementsAns.2.70mm80.Determinesthehardnessandstabilityofthecompactedasphaltpavement
Ans.coretest81.SamplingofPCCP/asphaltcorespecimensshallbetakenfromthepavementusing:Ans.
coredrill82.Sizeofasphaltcorespecimenforthicknessanddensitydetermination:Ans.atleast150mmx
150mm100mmdiameterfulldepth83.Thediameterofasphaltcorespecimensshallbeatleastequalto:
Ans.oneandonehalftimesthemaximumsizeofaggregates84.Thethicknessofasphaltcorespecimens
shallbeatleastequalto:Ans.two(2)timesthemaximumsizeofaggregates85.Obtainingasphaltcore
specimensforeachfulldaysoperationshallbe:Ans.atleastonebutnotmorethanthree(3)coresamples
86.Determiningthethicknessofasphaltcorespecimensisby:Ans.averagingthefoursidesofthecore
samples87.Bituminousmixturewillbemeasuredby:Ans.tons88.Theaverageof________measuresare
madeontheasphaltcorespecimensindeterminingthethickness.Ans.4
7. 7.89.Inbituminousmixture,________willnotbepermittedasamethodofmeasurement.Ans.batch
weights90.Acoreshallbetakenforevery________ifnocorewastakenattheendofeachdaysoperation.
Ans.100Lmperlane91.Theaverageoffour(4)measurementsontheasphaltcorespecimenisto
determinetheAns.thickness92.Thecomputationforthequantityofbituminousmixtureareatheff.Given:
Pavinglengthrepresented,m=120Thickness,cm=5.0Width,m=3.05Totallengthofpavement,m=380
Density,gm/cm3=2.221Ans.40.64tons93.Mainconstituentsofasphaltwhichisfoundinnatureorasa
residueinpetroleumrefining.Ans.bitumen94.Asphaltisadark________cementationsmaterial,solidor
semisolidconsistencyAns.browntoblack95.Samplingbituminousmixesisone(1)sampleevery:Ans.

75cu.m.or130m.t.96.Samplingofasphaltisone(1)sampleforevery:Ans.200drumsor40m.t.97.
Samplingofsolidasphaltisone(1)sampleforevery:Ans.10lbs.98.Representativequantityofone
sampleinsamplingliquidasphaltis________sampleforevery:Ans.1quartto1gallon99.Duringthe
breakdownrollingofasphaltmix,itiscarriedoutby:Ans.pneumaticroller100.Inrollingasphaltmix,
whatphaseofrollingistoremovethemarksbytheotherroller?Ans.finalrolling101.Idealcomposition
bituminousaggregatesintheasphaltmix.Ans.92%to96%102.Theprotectionofhydratedlimeaddedto
themixturebyaggregatebasis.Ans.0.50to1.0masspercent103.Themixtureofitem231shallhavea
masspercentairvoidswithrangeof________.Ans.3to5104.Aconsistencytestforsolidasphaltthat
determinesthehardnessofasphalt.Ans.Penetration105.Determinesthepurityofasphaltonhowmuch
bitumenisintheasphalt.Ans.asphaltane
8. 8.106.Thepropertiesofasphaltdependuponthis________substancewhichissolubleinpetroleumsolvents.
Ans.Petrolane107.Impartsductilityandhighbreakpoint.Ans.resins108.Apparatususedinthe
PenetrationTestofasphalt.Ans.Penetrometer109.ApparatususedintheDuctilityTestofasphalt.Ans.
ductilitymachine110.ApparatususedinFlashPointTestofasphaltAns.ClevelandOpenCup111.The
objectiveistodetermineaseconomicalblendbetweengradedaggregatesandasphaltinordertoproducea
pavementthatwouldmeettherequiredspecification.Ans.Jobmixformula112.Asphaltcementwith
waterandalittleamountofemulsifier,usuallyderivativesofsalt.Ans.EmulsifiedAsphalt113.Asphalt
cementmixedwithkerosene,blackincolorandliquidandroomtemperature.Ans.MediumCuringCut
backAsphalt114.TestspecimenrequiredforItem311PortlandCementConcretePavement.Ans.
Concretebeam115.RequiredslumpforPCCP,ifvibrated.Ans.10to40mm116.FormsforPCCPshall
remaininplaceundisturbedfornotlessthan________hrs.afterconcretepouring.Ans.24117.Concrete
shallbethoroughlyconsolidatedbymeansof:Ans.vibrator118.FlexuralstrengthofPCCPwhentestedat
thirdpoint.Ans.3.80Mpa119.Transverseconstructionjointisalsocalledas________isconstructedwhen
thereisaninterruptionofmorethan30minutesinthecorrectingworks.Ans.coldjoint120.Mixingtimeof
PCCPshallnotbelessthan________ormorethan_______Ans.five(5)seconds,ninety(90)minutes121.
CompressivestrengthofPCCPtestedat14days.Ans.24.1Mpa122.SlumpsforaworkablePCCPifnot
vibratedAns.40to75mm123.Depthofweakenedplanejointsshouldatalltimesnotbelessthan
_______.
9. 9.Ans.50mm124.BarsplacedperpendiculartothelongitudinaljointofPCCP.Ans.tiebars125.
Vibratorsshallnotbeoperatedlongerthan________inanyonelocation.Ans.15minutes126.Flexural
strengthofPCCPwhentestedatmidpoint.Ans.4.50Mpa127.SawingofjointsofPCCPshallcommence
assoonastheconcretehashardenedsufficiently,usually________.Ans.within24hrs.128.Thesurfaceof
thenewlyplacedPCCPshallbecuredforaperiodof________.Ans.72hrs.129.Usedasloadtransfer
deviceandareheldinpositionparalleltothecenterlineoftheslab.Ans.dowels130.Curingcompound
shallnotbeappliedduring________.Ans.rain131.StrawcuringonPCCPshallbeatleast________thick
whichismeasuredafterwetting.Ans.20cm.132.Thefinishedproductofmixingaggregateswithcement
andwater.Ans.concrete133.Rateofincreaseinstrengthis________athightemperaturethanatlow
temperature.Ans.higher134.Mostspecificationsforconcreteexposedtoweatheringrequirethatwater
cementratiobe________byweight.Ans.0.53135.Physicalpropertyofconcretethatwithstand
deteriorationduetoexposuretoweatheringaction.Ans.durability136.Oversandedandundersanded
mixturesrequiremorewaterinordertobeworkable,butmakingitsowill,onlyresultinasacrificein:Ans.
strength137.Themethodcommonlyusedtotestonworkabilityofconcrete.Ans.ballpenetrationtest138.
Thenewmethodusedtotestonworkabilityofconcreteandthesetestsarereadilymadeinthefield.Ans.
slumptest139.Forrichmixes,thestrengthof________isthecontrollingfactor.Ans.aggregates140.
Strengthofconcreteisprincipallydependentonthe________.Ans.watercementration
10. 10.141.Classofconcretethatisdepositedinwater.Ans.seal142.Classofconcreteusedforprestressed
concretestructureanditsmember.Ans.ClassP143.Classofconcreteusedinfootings,missivepier
shaftsandunreinforcedorwithonlyasmallamountofreinforcement.Ans.ClassB144.Classofconcrete
usedinthinreinforcedsectionslikerailings.Ans.ClassC145.SamplingofPortlandcementshouldbe
doneinaccordancewithAASHTO.Ans.T127146.One(1)SieveAnalysisforevery________ofconcrete
aggregatesorafractionthereof:Ans.1,500m3147.Aminimumweightof________sampleshallbetaken
fromeach2,000bagsofcementorfractionthereof.Ans.10kg.148.Classofconcreteusedtoall
superstructuresandheavilyreinforcedsubstructures.Ans.ClassAREVIEWQUESTIONAIRE:1.What
isthedividinglinebetweencoarseandfineaggregates?Ans.2.00mmsieve2.Thedepthoftheweakened
plainjointshouldatalltimesnotlessthan:Ans.50mm3.Servesasloadtransferdeviceandareheldin

positionparalleltothesurfaceandcenterlineoftheslabbyametaldevice:Ans.dowel4.Thedepthof
corrugationinthesurfacepavementafterbrooming:Ans.1.5mm5.Thewidthofweakenedjointshouldnot
bemorethan:Ans.6mm6.Theflexuralstrengthoftheconcretebeamsampleat14dayswhentestedat
thirdpointmethod:Ans.3.8Mpa7.WhatistheweightofclassARiprapstones:Ans.15kgs.toa
maximumof25kgs.withatleast50%weighing20kgs.8.Theproportionofmixofmortarforgroutedriprap
shallbe:Ans.onepartofcementto3partsofsand
11. 11.9.Thepracticeofartificiallydensifyingandincorporatingandincorporatingdefinitedensityintothesoil
massrolling,tamperingorothermeans:Ans.compaction10.Theunitpressuregreaterthanwhich
progressivesettlementwilloccursleadingofailure:Ans.bearingcapacity11.Specifiedorselected
materialsofdesignedthicknessplacedasfoundationforpavement.Ans.base12.Thematerialsin
excavation(cuts)embankment(fills)andembankmentfoundationimmediatebelowthelayerofsubbase,base
orpavementandtosuchdepthasmayeffectthestructuraldesign:Ans.subgradematerials13.Specifiedor
selectedmaterialsofdesignedthicknessplacedasafoundationforbase:Ans.subbase14.Awidelyusedas
controltestinembankmentconstructiontoensureadequatecompaction:Ans.fielddensitytest15.Asand
usedtomeasurethevolumeoftestholeinFDT:Ans.calibratedsand16.WhatitemnumberisPortland
CementConcretePavement:Ans.item31117.Whataretheessentiallaboratorytestforsoilclassification:
Ans.gradingplasticandliquidlimittest18.Providedalongtheslopesofhighembankmentsasanerosion
controlmeasureandtoimprovethestabilityofthesideslopesAns.berm19.Whatistheovendrying
temperatureformoisturecontentdetermination:Ans.110C+520.Whatistheairdryingtemperature?
Ans.nottoexceed60C21.Theprimaryqualitycontrolmechanismfortheproductionofasphaltmixture:
Ans.jobmixformula22.Themostcommonlyusedmethodinthedesignandevaluationofbituminous
concretemixes:Ans.MarshallStabilityMethod23.Themostcommonmethodindeterminingthe
consistencyofconcretemix:Ans.slumptest24.ADepartmentMemorandumCircular,arevisedmethodon
FDT:Ans.DMNo.4825.Interconnectedcracksformingaseriesofsmallblocksresemblinganalligators
skinorchickenwire:Ans.alligatorcracks
12. 12.26.Alayerofanasphaltaggregatemixtureofvariablethicknessusedtoeliminateirregularitiesinthe
contentofanexistingsurfacepriortoplacementofanoverlay:Ans.asphaltlevelingcourse27.An
applicationoflowviscositycutbacktoanabsorbentsurfaceoramixedinapplicationofemulsifiedasphalt.It
isusedonlyonuntreatedbasepriortoplacementofanasphaltpavement.Ans.asphaltprimecoat28.Athin
asphaltsurfacetreatmentusedtowaterproofandimprovethetextureofanasphaltwearingsurface.Ans.
asphaltsurfacetreatment29.Theupwardmovementofasphaltinanasphaltpavementresultinginthe
formationofafilmofasphaltonthesurface.Ans.bleedingflushingasphalt30.Anapplicationofasphalt
materialstoanytypeofroadorpavementsurfacewithorwithoutacoverofmineralaggregatesthatproduce
anincreaseinthicknessoflessthan25mmor1inch.Ans.asphaltsurfacetreatment31.Thelocalized
bucklingorshatteringofarigidtypepavementoccurringusuallyattransversecrackorjoint.Ans.blowup
32.AverylightapplicationofasphaltappliedtoanexistingasphaltorPortlandcementsurface,usedto
ensureabondbetweenthesurfaceofbeingpavedandtheoverlayingcourse.Ans.asphalttackcoat33.A
mixtureofslowsettingemulsifiedasphalt,water,aggregatesandmineralfillerproducetoaslurryconsistency
andplacedonpavementsurface.Ans.asphaltemulsionslurryseal34.Theseparationofthepavementdue
tonaturalcauses,trafficactionorreflectionsfromanunderlyingpavement.Ans.crack35.Thebowlshape
holesofvaryingsizesinthepavement,resultingfromlocalizeddisintegration.Ans.potholes36.Acrackin
asphaltoverlaythatreflectsthecrackpatterninthepavementstructureunderneath.Ans.reflectivecracks
37.Theprogressiveseparationofaggregateparticlesinapavementfromthesurfacedownwardorfromthe
edgeinward.Ans.raveling38.Acracksometimescrescentshaped,thatpointinthedirectionofthetrustof
thewheelsonthepavementsurfacecausedbylackofbondbetweentwopavementlayer.Ans.slippage
cracks39.Anyconditionthatmightcontributetomakingapavementslippery.Ans.skidhazard40.The
uniformrateofflowofconcretewhenpoured.Ans.15to20cu.m.perhour
13. 13.41.Usedtoevaluatethepotentialstrengthofsoilaggregate.Ans.CBR42.Testusedtodeterminethe
hardnesspropertyofcourseaggregates.Ans.abrasiontest43.Testwhichgivesanindicationofclaycontent
soil.Ans.plasticityindex44.ThesoakedCBRvalueforItem200(subbase)atmaximumdrydensityis:
Ans.notlessthan25%45.ThesoakedCBRvalueforItem201(basecourse)atmaximumdrydensityis:
Ans.notlessthan80%46.ThemasspercentofwearofcourseaggregatesforbasematerialsbyLos
AngelesAbrasionTest.Ans.notmorethan50%47.Thestonesusedforstonemasonryshallhavea
thicknessofnotlessthan:Ans.150mm48.Therateofloadingforcompressivestrength:Ans.2050psi/
sec.49.Thetemperatureformoistcuringofspecimenthatgivesthebestresult.Ans.15.5Cto37.5C50.

ThemaximumsizetocourseaggregatesrequiredforItem311(PCCP)Ans.2inches(63mm)51.A
programofqualitycontrolworkstobecompliedbythecontractorispreparedbyDPWH.Ans.quality
controlprogram52.Prescribedineachprojectbasedonestimatedquantities.Therequirementsspecifythe
kindandnumberoftestforeachitemofworks.Ans.minimumtestingrequirements53.Memorandum
CircularNo.herebydirectedthatallmaterialsmeninchargeinasaidprojectkeepalogbookonmaterials
qualitycontrol.Ans.MC#8054.Adepartmentorderherebydirectedthatonlytestreportissuedbythe
regional/districtlaboratoriesofthedepartmentandothertestinglaboratoriesaccreditedbytheDPWHshallbe
allowedtobeusedintheacceptanceorrejectionofconstructionmaterials.Ans.D.O.#13555.A
departmentorder,herebydirected,noacceptanceandfinalpaymentshallbemadeoncompletedconcreteand
asphaltpavementsunlesscoretestforthicknessdeterminationisconducted.Ans.D.O.#11956.Anumber
ofmeasurementsforconcretecorespecimen.Ans.957.Anumberofmeasurementsforasphaltcore
specimen.Ans.4
14. 14.58.Atestcoversthequantitativedeterminationofbitumeninhotmixedpavingmixturesandpavement
samplesforspecificationacceptance,serviceevaluation,controlandresearch.Ans.extractiontest59.The
permittedvariationsindesignrequirementsofaggregatessubbasematerialsonsurfaceirregularitymeasured
bya3mstraightedge.Ans.20mm60.Thepermittedvariationsindesignrequirementsofaggregatesbase
materialsoncrossfallorcamber.Ans.0.20%61.Iftherequiredthicknessforsubbaseorbaseis150mmor
less,thismaybespreadandcompactedin.Ans.1layer62.Theinplacedensity(testedbyAASHTOT191)
ofeachlayershouldconsistently.Ans.atleast95%oftheMDD63.Themaximumsieveopeningfor
gradingrequirementofaggregatebasecourse.Ans.50mm64.Thebituminousprimecoatmaterialsshouldbe
appliedbyapressuredistributoratspecifiedtemperatureandatanapplicationraterangingfrom:Ans.1to2
liters/sq.m.65.Therateofapplicationforbituminoustackcoatmaterials(item302)rangingfrom:Ans.0.2
to0.7liters/sq.m.66.TheP.I.formineralfillerusedforHotPlantMixBituminousPavement:Ans.not
greaterthan667.ThegradationrequirementusedforHotMixBituminousPavement.Ans.gradingd68.
Theplacingtemp.forbituminousmixturemeasuredinthetruckpriortodumping.Ans.shouldnotbeless
than107C69.Howmanysamplesorcoredrilledsamplesbetakenforeachdaysfulloperation.Ans.at
leastone,butnotmorethan370.Unsuitablematerialsaresoilswithaliquidlimitexceeding.Ans.8071.
Unsuitablematerialsaresoilswithnaturalwatercontentexceeding.Ans.8072.Materialscontaining
detrimentalquantitiesoforganicmaterialsuchasgrass,roots,seweragehighlyorganicsoilssuchaspeatand
muck.Ans.unsuitablematerials73.Thefractionpassingthe0.425mm(No.40)sieveforItem200shallhave
aliquidlimitof:Ans.notgreaterthan3574.Thefractionpassingthe0.425mm(No.40)sieveforItem104
shallhavealiquidlimitof:Ans.notgreaterthan30
15. 15.75.Thefractionpassingthe0.425mm(No.40)sieveforItem201shallhavealiquidlimitof:Ans.not
greaterthan2576.Thefractionpassingthe0.425mm(No.40)sieveforItem202shallhavealiquidlimitas
determinedbyAASHTOT89Ans.notgreaterthan2577.Thefractionpassingthe0.425mm(No.40)sieve
forItem200shallhaveaplasticityindexof:Ans.notgreaterthan1278.Thefractionpassingthe0.425mm
(No.40)sieveforItem201shallhaveaplasticityindexof:Ans.notgreaterthan679.Thefractionpassing
the0.425mm(No.40)sieveforItem202shallhaveaplasticityindexof:Ans.notgreaterthan680.The
coarseportion,retainedona2.00mm(No.10)sievesforItem201shallhaveamasspercentofwearbythe
LosAngelesAbrasionTestsasdeterminedbyAASHTOT96.Ans.notexceeding5081.Thecoarse
portion,retainedona2.00mm(No.10)sievesforItem201shallhaveamasspercentofwearbytheLos
AngelesAbrasionTests.Ans.notexceeding5082.Thematerialspassingthe19mmsievesforItem202
shallhaveasoakedCBRvaluetestedaccordingtoAASHTOT193.Ans.25%minimum83.Thematerials
passingthe19mmsievesforItem201shallhaveasoakedCBRvaluetestedaccordingtoAASHTOT193.
Ans.80%minimum84.Thematerialspassingthe19mmsievesforItem202shallhaveasoakedCBRvalue
of:Ans.80%minimum85.Thecoarseportion,retainedona2.00mm(No.10)sievesforItem202shallhave
amasspercentofwearbytheLosAngelesAbrasionTestsof:Ans.notexceeding4ASPHALT
TECHNOLOGY1.TheprimarycontrolmechanismfortheproductionofasphaltmixtureAns.jobmix
formula2.Themostcommonusedmethodinthedesignandevaluationofbituminousconcretemixes.Ans.
MarshallCommonMethod3.Alayerofanasphaltaggregatemixtureofvariablethicknessusedtoeliminate
irregularitiesinthecementofanexistingsurfacepriortoplacementofanoverlay.Ans.asphaltleveling
course4.Anapplicationoflowviscositycutbacktoanabsorbentsurface,ormixedinapplicationof
emulsifiedasphalt.Itisusedonlyonuntreatedbasepriortoplacementofanasphaltpavement.Ans.asphalt
primecoat
16. 16.5.Athinasphaltsurfacetreatmentusedtowaterproofandimprovethetextureofanasphaltwearing

surface.Ans.asphaltsealcost6.Theupwardmovementofasphaltinanasphaltpavementresultinginthe
informationoffilmofasphaltonthesurface.Ans.bleedingofflushingasphalt7.Anapplicationofasphalt
materialstoanytypeofroadorpavementsurfacewithorwithoutacoverofmineralaggregatesthatproduce
anincreaseinthicknessoflessthan25mmor1inch.Ans.asphaltsurfacetreatment8.Thelocalized
bucklingorshatteringofarigidtypepavement,occurringusuallyattransversecrackorjoint.Ans.blow
up9.AverylightapplicationofasphaltappliedtoanexistingasphaltorPortlandcementsurface,usedto
ensureabondbetweenthesurfaceofbeingpavedandtheoverlayingcourse.Ans.asphalttrackcoat10.The
separationofthepavementduetonaturalcauses,trafficaction,orreflectionsfromanunderlayingpavement.
Ans.crack11.Thebowlshapeholesofvaryingsizesinthepavement,resultingfromlocalized
disintegration.Ans.potholes12.Acrackinasphaltoverlaysthatreflectsthecrackpatterninthepavement
structureunderneath.Ans.reflectivecracks13.Theprogressiveseparationofaggregateparticlesina
pavementfromthesurfacedownwardoffromtheedgeinward.Ans.raveling14.Acrackssometimes
crescentshapedthatpointinthedirectionofthetrustofthewheelsonthepavementsurfacecausedbylackof
bondbetweentwopavementlayers.Ans.slippagecracks15.Anyconditionthatmightcontributetomaking
apavementslippery.Ans.skidhazard16.AdepartmentOrder,herebydirected,Noacceptanceandfinal
paymentshallbemadeoncompletedconcreteandasphaltpavementunlesscoretestforthickness
determinationisconducted.Ans.DO#11917.Anumberofmeasurementsforasphaltcorespecimen.Ans.
218.Atestcoversthequantitativedeterminationofbitumeninhotmixedpavingmixturesandpavement
samplesforspecificationacceptance,service,serviceevaluation,controlandresearch.Ans.extractiontest
19.ThebituminousPrimeCoatmaterialsshouldbeappliedbyapressuredistributoratspecifiedtemperature
andatanapplicationraterangingfromAns.1to2liters/m2
17. 17.20.TherateofapplicationforBituminousTackCoatmaterials(Item302)rangingfromAns.0.2to0.7
liters/m221.ThegraduationrequirementusedforHotMixBituminousPavementAns.gradingD22.The
placingtemperatureforBituminousmixturemeasuredinthetruckpriortodumpingAns.shouldnotbeless
than107C23.HowmanysamplesorcoredrilledsamplesbetakenforeachdaysfulloperationAns.at
leastone,butmorethan324.Thesolventusedtotestonresiduefromdistillationat288Cofasphalt
materialsAns.trichloroethylene25.Atleastthree(3)weekspriortoproduction,thecontractorshallsubmit
inwriting________foreachmixturesupportedbylaboratorytestdataAns.jobmixformula26.
DeterminesthethicknessanddensityofcompactedasphaltpavementAns.coretest27.Samplingof
PCCP/asphaltcorespecimensshallbetakenformthepavementusingAns.coredrill28.Sizeofasphaltcore
specimenforthicknessanddensitydeterminationAns.atleast150mmx150mm(6in.x6in.)100mm
diameterfulldepth29.ThediameterofasphaltcorespecimensshallbeatleastequaltoAns.four(4)times
themaximumsizeofaggregates30.ThethicknessofasphaltcorespecimensshallbeatleastequaltoAns.
oneandonehalftimesthemaximumsizeofaggregates31.Obtainingasphaltcorespecimensforeachfull
daysoperationshallbeAns.atleastone(1)butnotmorethanthree(3)coresamples32.Determiningthe
thicknessofasphaltcorespecimensisbyAns.averagingthefoursidesofthecoresamples33.Bituminous
mixturewillbemeasuredbyAns.tons34.Theaverageof________measuresaremadeontheasphaltcore
specimensindeterminingthethicknessAns.four(4)35.inbituminousmixture________willnotbe
permittedasamethodofmeasurementAns.batchweights36.Theaverageoffourmeasurementsonthe
asphaltcorespecimenistodeterminetheAns.thickness37.Thecomputationforthequantityofbituminous
mixture,aretheff:Given:Pavinglengthrepresented,m=120.000
18. 18.Thicknesscm=5.000Width,m=3.050Totallengthofpavement,m=380.000Density,gm/cm3=2.221
Ans.40.64tons38.Mainconstituentsofasphaltwhichisfoundinnatureorasresidueinpetroleumrefining
Ans.bitumen39.Asphaltisadark________cementationsmaterial,solidorsemisolidconsistency.Ans.
browntoblack40.Samplingbituminousmixesisone(1)sampleforeveryAns.75cu.m.or130m.t.41.
Samplingofasphaltisone(1)sampleforeveryAns.200drumsor40m.t.42.Samplingofsolidasphaltis
one(1)sampleforeveryAns.10lbs.43.Representativequantityofone(1)sampleinsamplingliquid
asphaltis________sampleforeveryAns.1quartto1gallon44.Duringthebreakdownrollingofasphalt
mix,itiscarriedoutbyAns.steelwheeledroller45.Inrollingasphaltmix,whatphaseofrollingisto
removethemarksbytheotherrollersAns.finalrolling46.Aconsistencytestforsolidasphaltthat
determinesthehardnessofasphaltAns.penetration47.Thepropertiesofasphaltdependsuponthis
_______substancewhichissolubleinpetroleumsolventsasNphasesAns.petrolene48.Impartsductility
highbreakpointAns.asphaltine49.ApparatususedinPenetrationTestofasphaltAns.Penetrometer50.
ApparatususedinductilityTestasasphaltAns.DuctilityMachine51.ApparatususedinFlashPointTestof
asphaltAns.ClevelandOpenCup52.Theobjectiveistodetermineaseconomicalblendbetweengraded

aggregatesandasphaltinordertoproduceapavementthatwouldmeettherequiredspecification.Ans.job
mixformula53.Asphaltcementwithwaterandalittleamountofemulsifier,usuallyderivativesofsaltAns.
emulsifiedasphalt
19. 19.54.Asphaltcementmixedwithkerosene,blockincolorandliquidatroomtemperatureAns.medium
curingcutbackasphalt55.WhichkindofEmulsifiedAsphaltthatisnegativelychargeAns.AnionicAsphalt
56.Cutbackasphaltcanbeclassifiedaccordingtoeach________.Ans.viscosity57.Asphaltcementcanbe
determinedorclassifiedbytheir________.Ans.PenetrationGrade58.Whatkindofasphaltusedforjoint
fillers?Ans.BlownorOxidizedAsphalt59.Whatkindofasphaltthatismixedwithasolvent?Ans.
cutbackasphalt60.Whatphysicaltestthatdeterminesiftheasphaltisoverheatedduringproduction?Ans.
spottest61.WhatkindofasphaltcementthatarecommonlyusedinthePhilippines?Ans.60to70or85to
10062.Whattestthatwilldetermineiftheasphaltisagoodbinder?Ans.ductilitytest63.Whichoftheff.
isnotanimportantpropertyaggregates?Ans.smoothness64.Whatpropertyofmixthathastheabilityto
resistdeformationformanimposedload?Ans.stability65.Whatpropertyofmixthathastheabilityto
withstandrepeatedflexingcausedbythepassageofwheelload?Ans.fatigueresistance66.InMarshall
StabilityTest,whichofthecriterianotincludedindeterminingtheaveragebitumencontent?Ans.flow67.
SpecificforAirVoidsis________.Ans.3.0to5.068.Given:MaximumStability=6.05BulkSpecific
Gravity=2.495MaximumUnitWeight=5.55Stability=1.150Flow=5.65Flow,025mm=7.20DesignAir
Voids=5.20VFA=75.00DeterminetheOptimumAsphaltContent?Ans.5.6069.Whatpropertyofmix
thathastheabilitytoofferresistancetoslippingorskiddingwhenmix?Ans.skidresistance70.Given:
WeightofSampleinAir=1,188WeightofSampleinWater=700
20. 20.WeightofSampleinSaturatedDry=1,230SpecificGravityofAsphalt=2.48SpecificGravityof
Aggregates=2.55DeterminetheBulkSpecificGravityofMix?Ans.2.2471.Given:SpecificGravityof
Asphalt=1.01SpecificGravityofAggregates=2.72%AsphaltContent=7%%AirVoids=4%Determine
theMaximumTheoreticalSpecificGravityconsideringAirVoid?Ans.2.4372.Whatpropertyofmixthat
hastheabilitytobendslightlywithoutcrackingandtoconformtogradualsettlementandmovementsofthe
baseandsubgrade?Ans.flexibility73.Mineralfillershallhaveaplasticityindexofnotgreaterthan
________.Ans.474.Theprimecoatshouldnotbedisturbedforatleast________hrs.andshouldnotbe
________totrafficuntilithaspenetratedandcuredefficiency.Ans.24opened75.EmulsifiedAsphaltisc
colloidaldispersionofasphaltinwater.Itis________coloredbeforeuseandturns________whenthe
emulsionisbroken.Ans.chocolate,black76.Bituminousmaterialsshouldfallwithwhatrangeof
tolerance?Ans.(+/)0.4%77.Temperatureofmixtureshallhavearangeoftoleranceof________.Ans.
(+/)10C78.Given:DryStability=1,600WetStability=1,400SaturatedStability=1,200Determinethe
IndexofretainedStrength.Ans.87.50%79.Whatistheinitialloademployedinstabilitymachine?Ans.
150psi80.Whatisasmallairspacethatoccursbetweenthecoatedaggregatesparticlesinacompactedmix?
Ans.AirVoids81.Thecompactedpavementshallhaveadensityequalto,orgreaterthan,________mass
percentofthedensityoflaboratoryspecimenpreparedinaccordancewiththe________.Ans.90Marshall
StabilityTest82.Whatisthemeasureoftheresistanceormeasureofdistortionofthespecimen?Ans.flow
index83.Given:%ofCA,FA,MFrespectively=45,35,20
21. 21.Sp.Gr.OfCA,FA,MFrespectively=2.75,2.56,2.40Whatisthespecificgravityofaggregates?Ans.
2.6184.Whatdoyoucallthewearingawayofthepavementsurfacecausedbythedislodgingofaggregate
particle?Ans.raveling85.Theupwardmovementinanasphaltpavementresultingintheformationofa
filmofasphaltonthesurface_______.Ans.bleeding86.Whatisthelongitudinalsurfacedepressionofthe
wheelpaths?Ans.rutting87.Given:Weightoforiginalsample=1,140gramsWeightafterExtraction=
980gramsOriginalWeightoffillerring=30gramsIncreaseofWeightinfillerring=30gramsDetermine
theasphaltcontent?Ans.5.5588.Forthesamestretchofroad,nocoretestwasconductedattheendof
eachdaysoperation.Thus,coresweretakenforevery100linearmetersofthecompletedpavement.100m
5.32.262100m5.12.311100m5.12.225100m5.22.237100m5.02.226Whatisthequantity?Ans.
169.7289.Thespecimenistestedforstabilityandflowat________Casspecifiedinthestandardprocedure
Ans.30C90.InthedesignofAirVoids,willdrawdownalineat________.Ans.4.091.Whichofthe
ff.isnotthecomponentofAsphaltPlant?92.Duringasphaltconstruction,whatarethecontrolledtests?Ans.
extractionteststabilitygrading93.Whatistheapparatususedtocheckthetemperatureofasphaltmix/
Ans.ArmoredThermometer94.Whatdoyoucallthelocalizedupwarddisplacementofapavementdueto
swellingofthesubgradeorsomeportionofthepavementstructure?Ans.upheaval
22. 22.95.Whatdoyoucalltheslabmovementunderpassingloadsresultingintheejectionofmixturesofwater,
sand,clayorsiltalongtransverseorlongitudinaljoints?Ans.pumping96.WhatistheItemnumberofBit

ConcreteSurfaceCourse,1lotlaid?Ans.310MATERIALSENGINEERSREVIEWNOTESSETTWO1.
Thestandardpenetrationtest(SPT)isaninsitutestthatmeasureswhat?Ans.depthofsoillayer2.Which
oftheff.bituminousmaterialisbestrecommendedforsealingweakenedplanejoints?Ans.jointfiller
asphalt(commonlycalledhardasphaltorblownasphalt)3.Themainproblemassociatedwithwrongpractice
ofconveyingconcreteiscalledwhat?Ans.segregation4.Thespecificationcallfor1:2:4concretemix.Ina
onebaggermixer,whichoftheff.amountofwaterismostlikelyrequiredforthemix?Ans.20liters5.A
onelaneroad,withapavementwasdesignedtohavesubbaseandbasecourseswithacombinedthicknessof
300mm.Ifthethicknessofthesubbaseisa125mm,thespreadingandcompactionofthesubbaseandbase
coursesshabbybeearnedoutin:Ans.3layersoverthefullwidthof4.5m.6.Asmaterialsengineer,whatis
theareaofthetrialsectionthatyouwouldrecommendtocheckthesuitabilityofthematerialsandefficiency
oftheequipmenttobeusedforItem310BituminousConcreteSurfaceCourse?Ans.about500sq.m.7.Per
programofwork,theestimatedvolumeofItem201materialsis7500cu.m.Howmanygradingandplasticity
testsarerequiredbasedontheDPWHminimumtestingrequirements?Ans.25gradingand25plasticity8.
Bituminousconcretemixescontainasphaltbyweightequivalenttowhat?Ans.5to8%9.Qualityof
factoryproducedreinforcedconcretepipesmaybebestestablishedthroughwhat?Ans.Testofconcrete
pipesamples10.Wheredowetakeadditionalcoreswhenthemeasurementofanycoretakenfromthe
pavementisdeficientinthicknessbymorethan25mm?Ans.atnolessthan5meterintervalsparalleltothe
centerlineineachdirectionfromtheaffectedlocation11.TheresultsoftheImmersionCompressiontest
conductedonanasphaltmixsampleareasfollows:DryStability=2,000KpaWetStability=1,000Kpa
WhatistheresultingIndexofRetainedstrength?DoesitmeetthespecificationrequirementofItem310,
BituminousConcreteSurfaceCourse?Ans.IndexRetainedStrengthorIRS=Wetstabilityx100
23. 23.Drystability=(1,000Kpa/,000Kpa)x100IRS=50%*No,itdoesnotmeetthespecificationofItem310
sincethespecificationofIRSis70%minimumwhiletheresultingIRShereisonly50%.12.QualityControl
testinginaDPWHprojectistheresponsibilityofthe________?Ans.ContractorMaterialEngineers13.As
materialsengineers,whenistherighttimetostartsamplingandtestingaggregateofthecoursematerials?
Ans.beforethecoursematerialsbeincorporatedintheproject14.Thespottestonasphaltisusedto
determinewhat?Ans.overheatingduringmanufacture15.Underwhatclimaticconditionsdoweusethe
lowerpenetrationgradeorhardasphalt?Ans.hotclimate16.Samplingofthefreshlymixedconcreteshould
betakenonthe________batchdischargeofthetransitmixer?Ans.middle17.Softandunstablesoilswere
encounteredduringthecourseofsubgradepreparation.Ifyouwerethematerialsengineerassignedtothe
project,whatisthemosteffectiveandcheapermethodthatyouwouldrecommendtostabilizethesoilpriorto
theconstructionofthesubbasecourse?Ans.geotextiles18.Howmanytimesperlayershouldaconcrete
specimenmoldedina6x6x12beammoldberodded?Ans.63times19.Whatisthebasisforacceptance
orrejectionofanyconstructionmaterials?Ans.MaterialsTestReports20.Intestingconcretecylinder
sampletheloadappliedshouldbecontinuouswithoutshockataconstantratewithintherangeof________
persecond.Ans.0.14to0.34Mpapersecondor20to50psipersecond21.Duringtheapplicationofthe
firsthalfoftheanticipatedloadaloadingshallbepermitted.Ans.higherrate22.Initialrollingin
bituminousmixesshallbeperformedwitha________roller.Ans.PneumaticTireRoller23.Finalrollingin
bituminousmixesshallbeperformedwitha________roller.Ans.3wheelortandemtypesteelwheelroller
24.RollingofBituminousmixshallbediscontinuedwheneveritbeginstoproduceexcessive________or
________.Ans.pulverizingoftheaggregateordisplacementofthemixture25.Finalrollingshallbe
continueduntilrollermarksareeliminatedandaminimum________masspercentofthedensityofthe
laboratorycompactedaspecimenpreparedinaccordancewithAASHTOT160hasbeenobtained.Ans.95
masspercent
24. 24.26.Samplefromcompactedbituminousmixshallbeneatlycutbyasaworcoredrill.Eachsampleshall
beatleast________.Ans.150mmx150mmor100mmdiameterfulldepth27.Forsurfacetolerancesthe
surface(bituminousmix)willbecheckedbytheusedofa________atsitesselectedbytheengineer.Ans.3
mstraightedge28.Whatisthesamplingrequirementforpavingconcreteforevery75cu.m.orfraction
thereof.Ans.one(1)set(consistingof3pcs.)concretebeamsample29.Intestingbituminousbeamsample
forImmersionCompressionStabilityissoakedinwaterbathfor________days.Ans.4daysor96hrs.30.
Given:Wt.ofdryaggregate=950gWt.ofasphalt=50gWhatisthe%ofasphaltbyweightoftotalmix?
Ans.Wt.oftotalmix=wt.ofdryaggregate.+wt.ofasphalt=950g+50g=1,500gThereof:(50g/
1,000g)x100=5%31.Doesthepercentasphaltinproblem#29meettherequiredspecificationforpercent
asphaltinbituminousmixes?Why?Ans.Yes,becausestandardspecificationforpercentasphaltin
bituminousmixesis5%to8%32.Iftheactualpercentasphaltinproblem#30is5%andthepercentasphalt

inajobmixformulais5.6%diditpasstherequiredtolerance?Why?Ans.No,becausetherequired
tolerancefor%asphaltinajobmixformulais10.4%.33.Whichisnotthedutyorresponsibilityofa
materialsengineer?Ans.quantityofconstructionmaterial34.Whichisthedutyorresponsibilityofa
materialsengineer?Ans.qualityofconstructionmaterial35.Problemsregardingqualityofconstruction
materialsshallbereporteddirectlybythecontractorsmaterialsengineertothe________.Ans.DPWH
MaterialsEngineer36.Howmanyconcretecylindersampleisrequiredfora300pcs.ReinforcedConcrete
CulvertPipes(RCCP)?Ans.12sets(consistingof3pcs.cone,cylinderperset)37.Ifconcretecylinderis
notavailablefora300pcs.culvertpipes,howmanypipesshallbesubjectedtotest?Ans.6pcs,culvert
pipes38.Whatkindoftestthatrequirescalibratedsandinfillingtheholeinordertodeterminethevolumeof
hole?Ans.FieldDensityTest(FDT)
25. 25.39.Whattestthatisusingarammerandmold?Ans.MoistureDensityRelationTestorCompaction
Test40.Whatkindofasphaltthathasapenetrationgradeof0to30mm?Ans.BlownAsphalt41.Ifthereis
anecessarytoaddwatertotheconcretemixinordertoincreaseitsworkability(provideconcretedoesnot
exceedspecifiedslump),howmanyminutesaftertheinitialtimeofmixingdoesaddingwaterbepermitted?
Ans.notexceeding45minutesandthatwatercementrationisnotexceededMATERIALSENGINEERS
REVIEWNOTESSETTHREEItem310BituminousConcreteSurfaceCourse,HotLaidItem310consist
ofconstructingaBituminousConcreteSurfaceCoursecomposedofAggregates,mineralfillerandbituminous
materialmixedinacertainplant.1.Whatisthe%weightofaggregates(coarse,fineandmineralfiller)inthe
mixtureofBituminousConcreteSurfaceCourse?Ans.92%to95%2.Whatisthepercentweightofasphalt
inthebituminousmixture?Ans.5%to8%3.Howcanweestablishtheexactpercentagetobeusedinthe
bituminousmixture?Ans.jobmixformula4.Whatarethetwo(2)typesofbitumenthatarecommonly
usedinbituminousconcretesurfacecourse?Ans.a.)Tarisaviscousliquidobtainedfromdistillationof
coalorwoodb.)Petroleumasphaltaretheproductsofthedistillationofcrudeoil.5.Whatarethethree(3)
majorpetroleumasphaltproducts?Ans.a.)AsphaltCementproducedinvariousviscositygradesthemost
commonPenetrationgradeare200/300,120/150,85/100,60/70,40/50b.)CutbackAsphaltareasphaltmixed
withsolventstoreducetheirviscosityc.)EmulsifiedAsphalt(Asphaltemulsion)aremixtureofasphalt
cementandwaterwithemulsifyingagent.6.Whatarethesolventsforcutbackasphalt?Ans.a.)gasolinefor
rapidcuring(RC)typeb.)keroseneformediumcuring(MC)typec.)dieselfuelforslowcuring(SC)type7.
Emulsifiedasphaltsareeither________or________.Ans.a.)cationicemulsionwhichworkbetterwith
wetaggregatesandincoldweather.b.)anionicemulsionwhichadherebettertoaggregateswhichhave
positivecharges.8.WhatisthebituminousmaterialcommonlyusedinItem310?Ans.AsphaltCement
(AC)9.Whatgreatlyinfluencedtheserviceofanasphaltpavement?Ans.gradeandquantityofasphalt
26. 26.10.Whatinfluencedprimarilythegradeofasphaltselected?Ans.climaticcondition11.Thelower
penetrationgradeorhardasphaltisusedin________?Ans.hotclimate12.Thehigherpenetrationgradeor
softerasphaltisusedin________?Ans.coldclimate13.Howmanyweeksdoaproducerofasphaltmixor
thecontractorsshallsubmitthejobmixformula?Ans.three(3)weekspriortoproduction14.Whowill
approvethejobmixformula?Ans.DPWHProjectEngineerandMaterialsEngineer15.Thejobmix
formulacontainsprovisionsontheff.:Ans.a.)gradingofaggregatesb.)percentageandtypeofasphaltc.)
temperatureofaggregatesandasphaltd.)temperatureofmixtureupondeliveryoratimeofcompaction16.
Whatistheprimaryqualitycontrolmechanismfortheproductionofasphaltmixture?Ans.jobmixformula
whichshallconformtotheff.rangesoftolerance:PassingNo.4andlargersieves7%PassingNo.8and
No.100sieves4%PassingNo.200sieves2%Bituminousmaterials0.4%Temperatureofmixture10
C17.Whatistheminimumdrycompressivestrengthofthemixture?Ans.1.4Mpa(200psi)18.The
mixtureshallhaveamasspercentairvoidswiththerangeof________?Ans.3.0%19.WhatistheIndexof
RetainedStrengthofthemixture?Ans.70%minimum20.Whatisthemostcommonlyusedmethodinthe
designandevaluationofbituminousconcretemixes?Ans.MarshallStabilityMethod21.Thequality
controltestsforasphaltmixaretheff.:Ans.a.)ImmersionCompressionTestdeterminestheIndexof
RetainedStrengthofthemix.b.)ExtractionandGradingTestdeterminestheasphaltcontainsandparticle
sizedistributionofcoarseandfineaggregatesc.)LaboratoryDensityTestdeterminesthedegreeand
compaction22.Whatisthecorrecttemperaturethatthemixtureshallbeplacedasmeasuredinthetruckjust
priortodumpingintothespreader?Ans.107C23.WhenTarisused,whatisthetemperaturethatthe
mixtureshallbeplaced?Ans.66Cto107C
27. 27.24.Whenthecompactionisbedoneinordertoattaintherequireddensity?Ans.whenthemixtureis
stillhotandworkable25.Whatistobedoneinordertodeterminethenumberofpassesthatwouldattainthe
requireddensity?Ans.trialsection26.Whatcontrolduringthemixingandcompactionisofgreat

significanceinthestrengthoftheresultingpavement?Ans.temperature27.Whatkindofrollershouldbe
usedfortheinitialorbreakdowncompaction?Ans.PneumaticTireRoller(notlessthan10tons)28.Forthe
finalcompactionandsmoothingwhatkindofrollermustbeused?Ans.Tandemsmoothwheeledroller(not
lessthan10tons)29.Whatisthespeedoftheroller?Ans.5kms./hour30.Howtherollingisbedone?Ans.
Itshouldbeginfromthesidesandproceedlongitudinallyparalleltowardtheroadcenterline,eachtrip
overlappingonehalfoftherollerswidth.31.Afterthefinalrollingwhatshouldbecheck?Ans.Degreeof
Compaction32.Thecompactedpavementshallhaveadensityequaltoorgreaterthan________?Ans.95%
ofthelaboratorycompacteddensity33.Whenthetrafficisbepermittedtoenterthepavement?Ans.when
thepavementhascooledtoatmospherictemperature34.Howmanysamplesshallbetakenforeachfulldays
operation?Ans.atleastonebutnotmorethanthree(3)coresamples35.Whatisthedimensionofthe
samplestakenfulldepthfromthefinishedpavementforthicknessdetermination?Ans.150mmx150mmor
100mmdiameter36.Howisthesampletakenformthefinishedpavement?Ans.coredrillorsaw37.How
thesurfacelevelofthefinishedpavementisbechecked?Ans.bytheusedof3mstraightedge38.The
variationofthesurfacefromthetestingedgeofthestraightedgebetweencontactswiththesurfaceshallnot
exceed.Ans.6mm39.Whatdeterminesthethicknessanddensityofcompactedasphaltpavement?Ans.
coretestITEM311
28. 28.40.Whatisthestrengthrequirement(FlexuralStrength)ofaconcretewhentestedbythirdpointloading
method?Ans.3.8Mpa(550psi)41.IfNo,40aretestedbymidpointmethodwhatisthestrength
requirements?Ans.4.5Mpa(650psi)42.WhatisthecompressivestrengthofthePCCP(PortlandCement
ConcretePavement)whentestedat14days?Ans.24.1Mpa(3500psi)43.Whatistheslumpofaworkable
concreteifnotvibrated?Ans.4075mm*ifvibratedtheslumpis1040mm44.Whatkindofformsaretobe
usedinitem311?Ans.steelformsandondepthequaltothethicknessofthepavement45.Howlongshall
theformsremainundisturbedafterconcretepouring?Ans.24hrs.46.Whenconcreteismixedinacentral
mixingplanthowmanysecondsisthemixingtime?Ans.notlessthan50secondsormorethan90seconds
47.Intransportingconcretewhatisthetimeelapsedfromthetimewateraddedtothemixuntiltheconcreteis
depositedinplaceatthesite?Ans.itshallnotexceed45minutesifhauledinnonagitatingtrucksand90
minuteswhenhauledintruckmixersortruckagitators.48.Howisconcreteconsolidated?Ans.bytheused
ofvibratorinsertedintheconcretevertically49.Howmanysecondsdoesthevibratorbeoperatedinone
location?Ans.15seconds50.Whatkindofsampleshouldbetakenonaconcretepavement?Ans.
concretebeamsample51.Howmanysetsofsampleshallbetakenfrom330sq.m.ofpavement?Ans.1set
consistingof3concretebeamtestsspecimensorfractionthereof52.Ifthelanesareconcretedseparately,
whatkindofjointinaformofkeyorkeywayisused?Ans.longitudinalconstructionjoint53.Whatkindof
barsareplacedperpendiculartothejointstatedinno..52?Ans.deformedsteeltiebars54.Whatistheother
nameoftransversecontractionjoint?Ans.weakenplanedjoint55.Whatisthedepthoftheweakenplane
jointwhensawedwithaconcretesaw?Ans.notlessthan50mm56.Thewidthoftheweakenplanejointis
________?Ans.notmorethan6mm
29. 29.57.Whenistherighttimetosawtheweakenplanejoint?Ans.within24hrs.assoonasconcretehas
hardenedsufficiently58.Whatshallbedoneifcracksappearatornearthejointpriortothetimeofsawing?
Ans.sawingshallbeomitted59.Tiebarsshallnotbecoatedorpaintedwith________?Ans.asphaltor
othermaterials60.Whatisthemetaldevicethatisusedasaloadtransferdeviceheldinapositionparallelto
thesurfaceandcenterlineoftheslabofpavement?Ans.dowels61.Toprotectdowelsfromcorrosionand
tofacilitateslidinginconcrete,itshallbecoatedwith_________?Ans.thinfilmofbitumen62.Thesurface
ofthepavementshallberoughenedbymeansof________?Ans.brooming63.Whatisthedepthofthe
corrugateproducedbybroominginthesurfaceofthepavement?Ans.1.5mm64.Thesurfaceofthenewly
placedconcretewhenitissufficientlysetshallbecuredforaperiodof________?Ans.72hrs.65.The
curingofthepavementisdoneontheff.Ans.bycoveringtheconcretewithmatssaturatedwithwater
thoroughlywettingthepavementbypondingbyapplyingcuringcompoundimmediatelyafterfinishingof
thesurface66.Whentherighttimeisthejointbesealed?Ans.afterthecuringperiodorbeforeitisopened
totraffic67.WhatistheItem504inaDPWHspecification?Ans.GroutedRiprap68.WhatisItem505ina
DPWHspecification?Ans.StoneMasonry69.WhatisthedifferencebetweenItem504&505?Ans.
placementofstoneorbouldersandtherationofcementandfinesand.70.Whatistherationoffine
aggregatestocementnumberofbagsforgroutinItem505&505?Ans.forItem504,itis1partcement3
partsfinesand(1:3)forItem505,itis1partcement2partsfinesand(1:2)
30. 30.MATERIALSENGINEERSREVIEWNOTESSETFOUR1.Whatisthelateststateoftheartequipment
containingaradioactivematerialwhichiscommonlyusedinthecompactioncontrolofearthandasphaltroad

constructionandinthemeasurementofmoisturecontent?Ans.nucleardensitygauge(NDG)2.Whatisthe
instrumentthatisusedforexaminingthequalityofrigidmaterialssuchasrocksandconcrete?(This
instrumentorequipmentisanondestructiveportableinstrumentwithdimensionsof110x180x160mmand
themainusesincludethedeterminationofconcretestrength(eitherinsituorprecast0,alsotodeterminethe
presenceofvoids,cracksandotherimperfections.)Ans.punditultrasonicconcretetester3.Whatisthe
instrumentorequipmentusedforsurfacetestofconcreteandasphaltpavementsassoonastheasphaltmix
hasbeeninitiallycompacted?Ans.3meterstraightedge4.________isaninstrumentusedtomeasure
pavementdeflectionsresultingfromvehiclewheelloadings.Theresultsoftheelasticdeformationtestsare
usedtoevaluatethestructuralconditionsofroads,andtohelpinthedesignofroadstrengtheningmeasures
androadcapacityimprovements.Ans.BenkelmanBeamandDeflectionLogger5.________isamanually
operateddeviceforderivingameasurementofroughnessfromthesurfaceprofile,whichmaybeexpressedin
termsofInternationalRoughnessIndex(IRI)Ans.MERLINRoadRoughnessMeasuringDevice6.Whatis
theinstrumentthatisusedtopinpointrebars,conduits,pipes,nailsandothermetalsembeddedinconcrete
beforecuttingordrilling?Ans.rebarlocator7.________isequipmentwhichisusedtomeasuredifferential
deflectionsbetweenjointsofaconcretepavement,todeterminethemodulusoftheexistingslabsforusein
thedesignofanoverlay,andtoestimatetheremaininglifeofanexistingpavement.Ans.fallingweight
deflectometer8.________isusedfortherapidinsitumeasurementofthestructuralpropertiesofexisting
withunboundgranularmaterials.Ans.DynamicConePenetration(DCP)9.Intheconstructionofbridge
projects,whatisthemethodusedtodeterminethecastinglengthoftheregularpiles?Ans.testpiling10.
Whatisthethinnestcutbackasphalt?Ans.MC3,000MATERIALSENGINEERSREVIEWNOTESSET
FIVE1.Theconcretepavementsurfaceshowshighspotsof15mmina3meterstraightedge.Theconcretein
thearearepresentedbythesehighspots.Ans.shallberemovedandreplaced
31. 31.*butifhighspotsbeingnotedexceeds3mm,butnotexceeding12mmitshallbegrounddownonly.2.
Steelbarsplacedalonglongitudinaljointstoholdtheadjoiningslabstogetherarecalled:Ans.tiebars3.
Whichoftheff.isauthorizedtotestmaterialsforuseinDPWHprojects?Ans.anyDPWHaccredited
privatetestinglaboratory4.Tocheckthegradationofaggregatesandtheasphaltcontentoflaidbituminous
concretemixture,itshallbesampledandtestedfor:Ans.extractiontest5.Foreachfulldaysoperation,
howmanyasphaltcoresamplesmustbetakenforthicknessdetermination?Ans.atleastonebutnotmore
thanthreecoresamples6.Moisturedensityrelationtestdetermines:Ans.maximumdrydensityand
optimummoisturecontentofsoil7.Thicknessofinplacedsubbasecoarsecanbedeterminedby:Ans.test
pitting8.TodeterminetheoptimummoisturecontentofsoilAns.moisturedensityrelationtest9.Soil
stabilizingagent:Ans.limeforsilkyandclayeysoil10.Typeofemulsifiedasphaltthatworksbetterwith
wetaggregatesandcoldweather:Ans.cationicemulsion11.Watercontentatwhichpassesformplasticto
liquidstate.Ans.liquidlimit12.Anothernameofhotasphalt.Ans.asphaltcementMATERIALS
ENGINEERSREVIEWNOTESSETSIX1.PortlandcementconcretepavementiswhatIteminDPWH
Specs.?Ans.Item3112.Concretearearepresentedbythecoreswillbeconsideredadequateiftheaverage
strengthisequalto?Ans.85%oftherequiredstrength3.Lumberisconsideredaswellseasonedifthe
moisturecontentis________?Ans.1218%4.Soilscanbeclassifiedaccordingtograinsizeand
plasticity?Ans.yes5.Thicknessdeterminationfor1kmconcretepavement.Howmanycoresshallbe
taken?Ans.5/lane
32. 32.6.Theresistanceofbituminousmixtomoisturedamageisdeterminedby________.Ans.Indexof
RetainedStrength(IRS)7.Theaveragecompressivestrengthofaloadbearingconcretehollowblocksis
________.Ans.1,000psi8.Bleedingofasphaltinbituminoussurfacecoursemeans________.Ans.over
asphaltmix9.Whatistheresultofovervibrationofconcretemix?Ans.segregationofaggregates10.What
isthecorrectedmeasurementfor23.6mmconcretecore?Ans.23.5mm11.Whataretheothertermsfor
particlesizeanalysis?Ans.sieveanalysismechanicalanalysisgradingtest/analysis12.Whatisliquid
limit?Ans.itisthelowestmoisturecontentatwhichthesoilwillflowupontheapplicationofaverysmall
shearingforce13.Theliquidlimitisexpressedasthemoisturecontentcorrespondingtowhatnumberof
blows?Ans.25blows14.Whatisplasticlimit?Ans.itistheminimummoisturecontentatwhichthesoil
canbereadilymoldedwithoutbreakingorcrumbling15.Whatkindofwatershallbeusedinlaboratorytest
especiallyifitdealswithchemicals?Ans.distilledwater16.Liquidlimitbrasscupwithsampleisraised
andallowedtodropsharplyonthebasethroughaheightofwhat?Ans.10mm17.Howmanyrotationsper
secondwillthecrankofaliquidlimitdevicearerotated?Ans.2rotationspersecond18.Indoingplastic
limitteststowhatdiameterwillthesoilthreadwillbegintobreak?Ans.3.2mm(1/8)19.Whatisthe
formulaforplasticlimit?Ans.PL=(WaWb)/Wbx100where:Wa=orig.wt.CrumbledsoilthreadWb=

wt.ofovendriedcrumbledsoil20.WhatisthePlasticIndex(PI)?Ans.itisthedifferencebetweenthe
liquidlimitandplasticlimitorPI=LLPL21.Whatisspecificgravity?Ans.itisusedinagravimetric
volumetricrelationshipinsoils,(ordefinedastheratioofthewt.inairofanequalvolumeofwateratastated
temp.)
33. 33.22.Whatistheapproximateareafordensitycontrolstrips?Ans.335sq.m.23.Whatisthemaximum
depthofroadwayembankmentsperhorizontallayerinloosemeasurement?Ans.200mm(8)24.Whatitem
ofworkisembankment?Ans.Item10425.WhatisthekindofmaterialuseforItem200?Ans.aggregate
subbasecourse26.WhatistherequiredparticlesizeforselectedborrowfortoppingunderItem104
(embankment)?Ans.allparticlesizewillpassasieve75mmor3squareopeningsandnotmorethan15%
masswillpass0.075mm(No.200)AASHTOT1127.P.I.requirementforItem104(selectedcommon
borrow)iswhat?Ans.6maximum28.LLrequirementsforItem104(selectedcommonborrow)arewhat?
Ans.30maximum29.WhatistheLLrequirementforItem200(aggregatesubbasecourse)passingsieve
#40?Ans.35maximum30.P.I.requirementofmaterialspassingsieve#40forItem200?Ans.12
maximum31.Coarseportionretainedonsieve#10(2.00mm)forItem200shallhaveamasspercentofwear
byLosAngelesabrasiontestofwhat?Ans.50%maximum32.TherequiredCBRvalueforItem200?Ans.
25%minimum(AASHTOT180methodD)33.Whatistheminimum%fielddensityordegreeof
compactionforItem104(embankment)?Ans.95%minimum34.Whatistheminimumdegreeof
compactionforItem200and201?Ans.100%minimum35.Whatisthehighestpointinmoisturedensity
curveofthemoisturedensityrelationtestorcompactiontestofsoilrepresents?Ans.MDD(MaximumDry
Density)andOMC(OptimumMoistureContent)36.Whatistherequiredsizeofcalibratedsandusedfor
FieldDensityTest?Ans.anyclean,dry,freeflowing,uncementedsandpassing#10andretained#200
sieves37.Whatisthedegreeofcompactionofsoilhavingamaximumdrydensity2,250kg./cu.m.andwet
densityofsoilfromholeequivalentto2,335kg./cu.m.andanaveragemoisturecontentof8.85%?%Degree
ofCompaction=(DryDensity)/MaxDryDensity)x100Where:DryDensity=WetDensity/(1+MC/100)
WetDensity=Wt.ofsoilfilledinhole/volumeofhole
34. 34.%DegreeofCompaction=(1,335)/[1+(8.85/100)]2.250=(2,145.15/2,250)x100=95.34%38.Is
thesoilforNo.45passedtheItem104requirementfor%DegreeofCompaction?Ans.Yes39.Whatarethe
testandnumberoftestneededfor1,800cu.m.Item104?GorGrading=2PorPlasticity=2Cor
Compaction=2DorDensity=threeinsitudensitytests/500sq.m.40.Whatarethetestandnumberoftest
neededfor2,980cu.m.AggregatesBaseCourse(Item201)?G=10P=10C=2D=threeinsitudensity
tests/500sq.m.CBR=2(1testforevery2,500cu.m.orfractionthereof)Q=241.Whatarethe
apparatus/materialsusesforFieldDensityTest?Ans.sandcone,jug(atleast4liters),guideplate,moisture
cans,sandweighingscale,ovenwithtemperaturecontrol,chisel,ordiggingtools,plasticbagsandlabeling
materials(tagname)42.WhatisthestandarddiameterofanorificeinFDTsandcone?Ans.inch
(12.7mm)43.CHBistestedtodetermineitsmoisturecontentand________.Ans.strength44.Qualityof
Portlandcementsenttothelaboratoryfortesting.Ans.10kg.45.Asetofthreebeamsamplesisconducted
representing________cu.m.ofconcrete.Ans.7546.Twomajorcomponentsofconcrete:selecttwo
answersAns.pasteandmineralaggregates47.Regardlessofuse,thegradingofaggregatesshouldbe:Ans.
uniform48.ThetypeofPortlandcementusedinDPWHprojects.Ans.type149.Determinesthe
proportionoftheingredientsthatwillproducedconcreteofproperworkabilitywhenfreshandthe________.
Ans.DesignMix50.Themaximumpermissiblewatercementrationforstrengthof3,000psi.Ans.0.58
51.Theconsistencyofconcretemixtureisdeterminedinthefieldby:Ans.slumptest
35. 35.52.Forevery75cu.m.ofconcretepoured,aminimumof________cylindersamplearetakenineachday
ofpouring.Ans.353.Whentestedat14days,thecompressivestrengthofconcreteisAns.3,500psi54.
Formsofconcretepavementshallnotdeviatefromtruelinebymorethan________atanypoint.Ans.1cm
55.Whenhauledinnonagitatingtrucks,thetimeelapsedfromthewaterisaddedtothemixuntilconcreteis
depositedinplacedshallnotexceed________.Ans.45minutesmaximum56.Thedepthoftheweakened
planejointshouldatalltimesnotlessthanAns.50mm57.MinimumcompressivestrengthofconcreteAns.
2,400psi58.TransversecontractionjointisalsocalledAns.weakenedplanejoint59.Vibratorsshallnot
beoperatedlongerthan________inanyonelocation.Ans.15secondsCONCRETEAGGREGATESAND
CONCRETE:60.Howmanyhoursdoesafineaggregatestestedforspecificgravityandabsorptionbesoaked
inwater?Ans.15to19hrs.61.Howtodetermineifthefineaggregatesreachesthesaturatedsurfacedry
condition?Ans.itisdeterminebytheuseofconetestforsurfacemoistureandifthemoldedshapeoffine
aggregatesslumpsslightly,itindicatesthatithasreachedasurfacedrycondition.62.Whatarethetests
requiredforconcreteaggregates?Ans.a.)FineAggregates=grading,specificgravity,absorption,dryunit

wt.b.)CourseAggregates=grading,specificgravity,absorption,dryunitwt.andabrasionNote:soundnessis
alsotestedasperrequest.63.Whatisthemaximummass%ofwearbyLosAngelesAbrasionTest?Ans.
40%maximum64.WhatistherequiredspeedofLosAngelesAbrasionMachineperminute?Ans.30to33
mm65.Whatisthesizeordiameterandweightofcastironspheresuseinabrasion?Ans.approximately
46.8mmdiameterandeachweighingbetween390455grams
36. 36.66.Whatistherequiredtotalwt.ofsampleforabrasiontestofcoarseaggregate,gradingAwith12
numbersofspheres?Ans.5,000grams25grams67.Whatisthesignificanceofabrasiontest?Ans.it
evaluatesthestructuralstrengthofcoarseaggregatesgivesanindicationofqualityasdeterminedby
resistancetoimpactandwearitdetermineswhethertheaggregateswillhavedegradationduringtrafficof
rolling68.Qualitytestforcementisrepresentedbyhowmanybagsofcement?Ans.2,000bagsortraction
thereof69.WhatisthesieveuseinsievingmaterialsformAbrasionMachine?Ans.sieve#12(1.70mm)70.
Testingmachinesshouldbecalibratedonceeverysix(6)monthsifpossiblebutifitisnotpossiblewhatisthe
requiredtimeshouldthemachinebecalibrated?Ans.onceayear71.Percenttoleranceoferrorin
calibratingthemachines.Ans.1%72.Whatisthesampleforconcretepavement?Ans.concretebeam
sample73.Howmanysamplesshouldbetakenforevery75cu.m.freshconcrete?Ans.3pcs.sampleor1
setsample74.Whatisthesampleforstructuralconcrete?Ans.concretecylindersample75.Whatisthetest
usetodeterminetheconsistencyofconcrete?Ans.slumptest76.Howtocomputefortheslumpof
concrete?Ans.slump=heightofslumpconeheightoffreshconeaftersubsidence77.Howtocompute
forthecompressivestrengthofconcretecylindersample?CS=PAwhere:P=load,lbsA=area,sq.inA=
D2=28.27insq478.Atwhatageshouldaconcretebeamsamplebetestedforflexuraltest?Ans.14days
79.HowtocomputetheflexuralstrengthofconcretebeamsampletestedatthirdPointLoading?R=PLA
where:R=modulusofrapture=P(16)P=loadinlbs.oftons6x6x6L=spanlengthininches=PB=
baseininches12A=depthininches
37. 37.80.Whatistheminimumflexuralstrengthforthirdpointloadingtest?Ans.3.8Mpa(550psi)81.What
istheminimumflexuralstrengthforcenterpointloadingtest?Ans.4.5Mpa(650psi)82.Howtocompute
forflexuralstrengthatcenterpointloadingtest?R=3PL2bd2=3P(16)2(6)(6)83.Whichpartofthe
batchforfreshconcreteshouldthesamplebetakenfromastationarymixers,revolvingdrumtruckmixersor
agitators?Ans.twoormoreregularintervalsduringdischargeofmiddleportionofthebatch84.Whatisthe
sizeofthetampingroduseinsamplingconcrete?Ans.16mm(5/8inches)diameterand610mm(24inches)
longwiththetampingendroundedtoahemisphericaltipofthesamediameterastherod.OTHER
CONSTRUCTIONMATERIALS:85.Concretemasonry(hollowblocks)ifsubjectedtotesthowmany
sampleisrequired?Ans.6pcs./10,000units*12pcs.ifmorethan10,000units86.Whatisthestrength
requirementforloadingbearingconcretemasonryunits?Ans.individual=5.5Mpa(300psi)minimum
average(for3samples)=6.9Mpa(1,000psi)minimum87.Howaboutfornonloadbearingconcrete
masonryunitswhatistherequiredstrength?Ans.individual=3.45Mpa(500psi)minimumaverage(for3
samples)=4.14Mpa(600psi)minimum88.Whatisthesignificanceoftestingreinforcingsteelbars?Ans.
todeterminetheyieldandtensilestrengthofthebaraswellasitselongationandisusedtoclassifythebars
intograde89.WhatistherequiredlengthofRSBfortesting?Ans.1meter/10,000kgs./size/shipment
90.WhatisthesignificanceofbendingtestforRSB?Ans.toevaluatetheductilepropertiesofRSB91.
WhatistherequiredsizeoftestspecimenforG.I.Sheets?Ans.60mmx60mm(3pcs.fromone(1)sheet/
1,000sheets92.Whatistherequiredsampleforpaints?Ans.1can(gal.orpail)/100cans(gal.orpail)93.
Whatkindofpaintthathasareflectanceintheformofbeads?Ans.reflectorizedtrafficplant94.Whatis
thecommoncomponentofhousepaints?Ans.pigmentandvehicle
38. 38.95.Whatisthisconstructionmaterialthatisdarkbrowntoblackcementationsmaterialinwhichthe
predominatingconstituentsarebitumen?Ans.asphalt96.Whatasphaltiscommonlycalledhotasphalt?
Ans.asphaltcement97.Whatisliquidasphalt?Ans.cutbackasphaltandemulsifiedasphalt98.Whatis
theuseofblownasphaltorhardasphalt?Ans.useasjointfillerorwaterproofing99.SSIorSSIHiswhat
kindofasphalt?Ans.slowsettingemulsifiedasphalt100.Whatarethethreekindsofemulsifiedasphalt?
Ans.rapidsetting,mediumsetting,slowsetting101.Whatasphaltcontainswater?Ans.emulsifiedasphalt
102.Whatisthepenetrationgradeforblownasphalt?Ans.0to30103.Whatistheidealpenetrationgrade
ofasphaltuseintropicalregions?Ans.85to100(butsomeuses60to70)104.Tackcoatisuseinan
existingbituminousofconcretepavement.Trueorfalse?Ans.true105.Whatistherateofapplicationfor
bituminoustackcoat?Ans.0.2to0.7L/m2106.WhatistherequiredsizeoftestspecimenforG.I.sheets?
Ans.60mmx60mm(3pcs.fromone(1)sheet)/1,000sheets107.Whatistherequiredsampleforpaints?
Ans.reflectorzedtrafficpaint108.Whatisthecommoncomponentofhousepaints?Ans.pigmentand

vehicle109.Whatisthisconstructionmaterialthatisdarkbrowntoblackcementationsmaterialinwhichthe
predominatingconstituentsarebitumen?Ans.asphalt110.Whatasphaltiscommonlycalledhotasphalt?
Ans.asphaltcement111.Forhowmanyhoursorhowlongshallabituminousprimecoatleftundisturbed?
Ans.24hrs.112.Whatkindofasphaltisuseasprimecoat?Ans.cutbackasphalt(mediumcuringor
rapidcuring)
39. 39.113.Bituminousprimecoatisusetotreatthesurfaceofbasecourse.Trueorfalse?Ans.true114.No
tackcoatorprimecoatshallbeappliedwhentheweatherisfoggyorrainy.Trueorfalse?Ans.true115.
Whatkindofasphaltisuseastackcoat?Ans.cutbackasphalt(rapidcuring)oremulsifiedasphalt116.
Whereshouldthebituminoussealcoatbeused?Ans.onanexistingbituminoussurfacecoursewithorwith
outanapplicationofaggregates.117.IfconcretecylindersampleforRCCPisnotavailableforcompressive
test,one(1)wholepieceRCCPforevery50piecesRCCPwillbesubmittedforqualitytest.Trueorfalse?
Ans.true118.Oneset(3pcs.)concretecylindersampleshallbetakenforeveryhowmanypiecesof
RCCP?Ans.25piecesREVIEWFORMATERIALSENGINEERSACCREDITATIONCONCRETE:1.
Themostimportantfactoraffectingthestrengthofconcrete.Ans.watercementratio2.Aswork
progressesinaconcretepavementconstructionsamplingofconcreteforflexuralstrengthtestdetermination
shouldbetakenusing:Ans.beammold@63strokesperlayer3.Inordertodeterminetheconsistencyofa
concretemixture,themostcommonmethodis:Ans.slumptest4.ThestrengthlevelofconcreteforItem
3.11willbeconsideredsatisfactoryif:Ans.theaverageofallsetsofthree(3)consecutivestrengthtest
resultsequalsorexceedthespecifiedstrengthandnoindividualresultisdeficiencyby15%ofthespecified
strength.5.Inconcretepavingaworkableconcreteshouldhaveaslumpof:Ans.4075mmifnotvibrated6.
Whentransportingconcreteinanonagitatingtruck,thetimeelapsefromthetimethewaterisaddedtothe
mixuntiltheconcreteisdepositedinplaceatsite:Ans.shallnotbeexceeding45minutes7.Inaconcrete
paving,17,680bagsofcementshallbeconsumeduptoitscompletion,computeforthenumberofqualitytest
required.Ans.98.AclassBconcreterequiresaminimumcompressivestrengthof:Ans.2,400psi
40. 40.9.Oneofthemostimportantcharacteristicsofconcreteisworkability,whichgenerallymean:Ans.the
concretemixcouldbeeasilyplacedwithoutsegregation10.Sawingofconstructionjointshallbedonewhen
theconcreteissufficientlyhardenedusuallyat:Ans.24hrs.11.Anonloadbearinghollowblocksshould
haveanindividualstrengthrequirementaverageof:Ans.atleast3.45Mpa(500psi),4.14Mpa(600psi)
minimum12.WhatisItem505?Ans.StoneMasonry
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