1- A , page 323 and 324

2- C, page 341 and 342

3- A, page 300
4- B, page 342
5- B, page 309
6- B, page 338 and 339
7- C, page 385
8- A and E, page 348
9- C, page 303
10-C, page 344
11-A, page 343
12-C, page 349
13-D, page 386

Network:
A network is a group of two or more computer systems linked together. There are many types of
computer networks, including the following: local-area networks (LANs): The computers are
geographically close together (that is, in the same building).

Source: http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/N/network.html

WAN:
A computer network that spans a relatively large geographical area. Typically, a WAN consists
of two or more local-area networks (LANs).Computers connected to a wide-area network are
often connected through public networks, such as the telephone system. They can also be
connected through leased lines or satellites.
Source: http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/W/wide_area_network_WAN.html

LAN:
A local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that share a
common communications line or wireless link to a server. Typically, a LAN encompasses
computers and peripherals connected to a server within a small geographic area such as an
office building or home.
Source: http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/local-area-network-LAN
WLAN:
A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more
devices using a wireless distribution method (often spread-spectrum or OFDM radio) within a
limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_LAN
MAN:
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a network that interconnects users with computer
resources in a geographic area or region larger than that covered by even a large local area
network (LAN) but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network (WAN).
Source: http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/metropolitan-area-network-MAN

Peer-to-peer:
In its simplest form, a peer-to-peer (P2P) network is created when two or more PCs are
connected and share resources without going through a separate server computer.
A P2P network can be an ad hoc connectiona couple of computers connected via a Universal
Serial Bus to transfer files.
Source: http://www.computerworld.com/article/2588287/networking/peer-to-peer-network.html

Client/server:
A computer network diagram of clients communicating with a servervia the Internet.
The clientserver model of computing is a distributed application structure that partitions tasks
or workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service
requesters, called clients.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client%E2%80%93server_model

Packet:
In Information technology, a packet is collection of data that can be used by computers which
need to communicate with each other, usually as part of a network. Some computers and
networks do not use packets to communicate. But most currently do, including nearly all
computers on the Internet.

Source: https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_(computing)

Frame:
A frame is a digital data transmission unit in computer networking and telecommunication.
A frame typically includes frame synchronization features consisting of a sequence of bits or
symbols that indicate to the receiver the beginning and end of the payload data within the
stream of symbols or bits it receives.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_(networking)

Encapsulation/de e encapsulation:
In computer networking, encapsulation is a method of designing modular communication protocols
in which logically separate functions in the network are abstracted from their underlying structures by
inclusion or information hiding within higher level objects.
The physical layer is responsible for physical transmission of the data. Link encapsulation allows
local area networking and Internet Protocol (IP) provides global addressing of individual
computers; Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) adds application or process selection, i.e.,
the port specifies the service such as a Web or TFTP server.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encapsulation_(networking)
OSI reference model of network layers:

The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI Model) is a conceptual model that characterizes
and standardizes thecommunication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without
regard of their underlying internal structure and technology. Its goal is the interoperability of diverse
communication systems with standard protocols. The model partitions a communication system
into abstraction layers. The original version of the model defined seven layers.
A layer serves the layer above it and is served by the layer below it. For example, a layer that
provides error-free communications across a network provides the path needed by applications
above it, while it calls the next lower layer to send and receive packets that comprise the contents of
that path. Two instances at the same layer are visualized as connected by a horizontal connection in
that layer.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSI_model

Ethernet:

Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs)
and metropolitan area networks (MANs). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and
first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3 and has since been refined to support higher
bit rates and longer link distances. Over time, Ethernet has largely replaced competing
wired LAN technologies such as token ring, FDDI, and ARCNET. The primary
alternative for contemporary LANs is not a wired standard, but instead a wireless LAN
standardized as IEEE 802.11 and also known as Wi-Fi.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet

Topologies:
Network topology is the arrangement of the various elements (links, nodes, etc.) of
a computer network. Essentially, it is the topological structure of a network and may be
depicted physically or logically.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_topology

Cabling:
An Ethernet crossover cable is a type of twisted pair Ethernet cable used to connect computing
devices together directly that would normally be connected via a network switch, hub or router,
such as directly connecting two personal computers via their network adapters.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Networking_cables

Wireless protocols:
WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) is a specification for a set of communication protocols to
standardize the way that wireless devices, such as cellular telephones and radio transceivers,
can be used for Internet access, including e-mail, the World Wide Web, newsgroups, and instant
messaging.
Source: http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definition/WAP

NIC:
A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface
card, network adapter, LAN adapter or physical network interface, and by similar terms) is
a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_interface_controller

Hub:
When referring to a network, a hub is the most basic networking device that
connects multiple computers or other network devices together. Unlike a
network switch or router, a network hub has no routing tables or intelligence on
where to send information and broadcasts all network data across each connection.
Most hubs can detect basic network errors such as collisions, but having all
information broadcast to multiple ports can be a security risk and cause
bottlenecks. In the past network hubs were popular because they were cheaper
than a switch and router. Today, switches do not cost much more than a hub, and
are a much better solution for any network.

Source: http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/h/hub.htm

Router:
A router is hardware device designed to receive, analyze and
move incoming packets to another network. It may also be used
to convert the packets to another network interface, drop them,
and perform other actions relating to a network. The picture

shows the Linksys BEFSR11 wireless router and is what many

home routers resemble.