Interviewanddrivetesttips

WCDMAIntroductionandOverview
WCDMAconceptandArchitecture
SpreadingandScrambling
CodesandChannels
Codetree
RakeReceiver
Soft,SofterandHardhandover
Powercontrolfastandslow

WCDMADrivetestOverview
usingTEMSInvestigation
TEMSParameterforWCDMA
OptimizationTipsforWCDMA
WCDMAToolsforDriveTest
3GVoiceCallTesting
3GPacketcall&Videocalltesting
3GDrivetestKPIoverview
3GOptimizationoverview

WCDMAFrequencyandSpectrum
Uplink=1920MHz1980MHz
Downlink=2110MHz2170MHz
Bandwidth=60MHz
ActualB.Wassigntooperatoris5MHz
Andoutofthat3.84MHZisutilize.
InWCDMAfrequencyreusefactor=1becausetimeandfrequencyremainsconstant.

InWCDMAfirstfollowingprocessisdonebeforeReadingBCCHfrequency.
SlotSynchronization
FrameSynchronization
ScramblingCode
CPICHispilotwhichwillreadBCCHinformationAfterSynchronization.
InWCDMAfollowingChannelsuseforvariousfunctioninUL/DL.
Downlink:Uplink:
1.DLDPCH1.ULDPDCH
2.DLCCPH2.ULDPCCH
3.PCCPH3.ULCPCH
4.SCCPH4.ULPRACH
5.SCH5.HSDPCCH
6.PICH
7.CPICH(primaryandsecondary)
8.AICH

WCDMASpreadingprocess

 Spreading :ThisisusedtoincreasetheB.Wofthesignalbeyond
thebandwidthnormallyrequiredtoaccommodateinformation.
ForSpreadingOVSFcodeareusedwhichisknownasOrthogonal
variablespreadingfactorcode.
Spreadingfactor=chiprate/symbolrate.
Scrambling Scramblingisusedontopofthespreadingso,itdoes
notchangethesignalbandwidthbutonlymakesthesignalfrom
differentsourceseparablefromeachother.
Processgain=10log(chiprate/bitrate)
Asbitrateincreaseprocessgaindecrease.
Cellbreathingissituationwherecellfootprintdecreaseduetolarge
amountofuseraccessthenetworkbeyondthecapacityofthat
particularcell.

Eb/NO

= Bitenergy/Noiseenergy

Ec/No=ChipEnergy/NoiseEnergy.

Ec/No=Eb/Noprocessgain
AsperEb/NoisfixedforeachserviceforEx:voice=2andvideo=4
Ec/N0=210=8forvoice(forvoice8isgoodlimit)
Ec/N0=418=14forvideo(forvideo14isgoodlimit)

Processgain(voice)=chiprate/bitrate=10dB
Processgain(video)=chiprate/bitrate=18dB
Chiprate=3.84MchipsinWCDMA.

WCDMAcodes

Codetree

RakeReceiver

SoftHandoff

PowerControltypes

ForSpeechdriveTest

MobileTXpower
Receivedsignal
strengthindication
TargetSignalto
interfereratio
Signaltointerfereratio
Speechqualitymean
opinionsquare
Dedicatechannel

GSM/WCDMA

Speechquality

SQIMOSAlgorithm

DownlinkDedicate
channelBLER%

ActiveSetCurrentlyservingCell
MeasuredneighborDefinedNeighbor
DetectedNeighborUndefinedstrongdetectedserver
UARFCNDLUMTSAbsoluteradiofrequencychannelnumber

RangesforRadioParameter

1.CPICHEC/No

0to34dB .

2.CPICHRSCP
3.MsTXpower

15dBmto140dBmforeachrakefinger.
44dBmto60dBm

4.UTRACarrierRSSI
5.SQIMOS

20dBmto140dBmforeachrakefinger.

1to5

6.SQI

20dBQto30dBQ

7.SIR

30t020db(signalinterfereratiomeasuredonDPCCH)

12.2Kbit/s:30dBQ
10.2Kbit/s:28dBQ
7.95kbit/s:28dBQ
7.40kbit/s:27dBQ
6.70kbit/s:27dBQ
5.90kbit/s:24dBQ
5.15kbit/s:21dBQ
4.75kbit/s:19dBQ

DriveTestKPI

Parameter
RSSIInBetween75to85dbm
RSCPInBetween75to85dbm
Ec/IoInBetween8to10db
FER1%or2%
MsTXPowerBetween5to10
SoftHandoff35%oftotaltime

UsefullPlots

ServerPlotUsefultofindoutSwapor
Overshooting.
UEPlotToCheckNeighbourRelation.
RSCPPlotCoveragewholes
Ec/NoforgoodThroughputandremovingpilot
pollution.
4thbestServerEchnoshouldbe>10db
5thbestServerEchnoshouldbe>10db

ConditionforRadioEnvironment

PilotPollution
RSCP>=85dBm&Ec/Io=<10dB
CoverageLimited
RSCP<=85dBm&Ec/Io=>10dB
PoorRadioCondition
RSCP<=85dBm&Ec/Io=<10dB
GoodCoverage
RSCP>=85dBm&Ec/Io=>10dB

3Gvoicecalltesting

SCFTSingleCellFunctionalTest
Beforethesinglesiteverification,weshouldonlyensurethefollowing
conditionshavebeenmet.
AlarmCheck
CellStatusCheck
ParameterCheck

AlarmCheck/CellStatusCheck
Theproductsupportengineerwillberesponsibleforcheckingandresolvingallthe
alarms.Itisimportantfortheoptimizationengineerpriortoanyfieldtesttocheckwith
productsupportengineerregardinganyalarmsespeciallyintermittentalarms.

ParameterCheck
Theoptimizationengineerneedtoensuretheradiopartparametersconfigurationlist
hasbeenachieved.Inthelisttheradiopartparametersincludes:thescramblingcode,
powersetting,neighborcelllist,handoverparameteretc.

3Gvoicecalltesting

SiteVerificationItems:
Installations:CPICHRSCP,CPICHEc/Io,RxAntenna
SwapTest
Settings:Frequency&SC,Cellreselection
parameters,LAC/RAC,NeighborList.
Functions:LA/RAupdate,3G<>2GCellreselection,
SMS(MT&MO),Voice(MT&MO),VP(MT&MO),
PSAttach&Detach,PSservice,Voice/VP/PSsoft
handover,Voice3G>2Ghandover

TestingOnCELLsite

Items:VoiceCall(MT&MO)
Purpose:Verifythevoicecallfunctionisnormalandthevoicecallqualityisgood
Method:Makethedialingtestof3Gvoiceservicebetweentwo3Gmobiles,onefor
theterminatingcallandanotheronefortheoriginatingcall.Testthevoice
communicationquality
Items:VoiceCall(MT&MO)
Purpose:Verifythevoicecallfunctionisnormalandthevoicecallqualityisgood
Method:Makethedialingtestof3Gvoiceservicebetweentwo3Gmobiles,onefor
theterminatingcallandanotheronefortheoriginatingcall.Testthevoice
communicationquality

FeederConnectionCheck
TestProcess
Items:Antennaswappingtest
Purpose:VerifytheRxfeederinstallationisright.
Method:Switchthetransmitterfromonefeedertoanother,
checktheRSCPchangedornot.Ifnochangehappened,it
meansthatthefeederiscorrect.
Notes:ChecktheRSCPfromscanner

ProblemandSolution
Inthesiteverification,followingproblemshavebeenfound
ScramblingCodeSettingiswrong:Thescramblingcodefromscannerandmobileis
differentfromtheplanning
Afterfeederswapped,theCPICHRSCPis20dBlowerthanbefore.

ScramblingCodeSettingiswrong
TheScramblingCodemaybewronginRNC,checkthedatasheetinRNC.
IftheScramblingCodefromscanneristhesameasthatofanothersectorin
samesiteplanned,maybetheTX/RXfeederiscrossedtotheanothersector.
Afterfeederswapped,theCPICHRSCPis20dBlowerthanbefore:
TheRXfeederiscrossedtotheantennaofanothersector.Inthiscase,the
CPICHRSCPwillbehighinthecoverageareaoftheotherantenna.Check
theconnectionbetweenthefeederandtheantenna.

DATAdrive
window

DataDriveParameterwithlowthrough.put

Channelquality
index

Modulation
technique
As64QAM
isutilizedso
lessHSDPA
throughputis
less.

Case2withhighthroughput

Inthiscase16QAM
isused100%and
Throughputishigh

DataDrive
Thereis3modulationtechniqueQPSK,16QAM,64QAM.
Forhighthroughput16QAMand64QAMshouldbeutilizedhighUtilization
So,ifThereislessUtilizationofQPSKindownlinkthandatathroughputisalsohigh
CQIislikeSQIinspeechwhichensuregoodchannelqualityfordatatransfer.
RetransmissionofHSDSCH(
alsothroughputisdecreases.

HighSpeedDownlinkShared

Channel)packetishighthan

IncaseofstationaryDataTest2Mbitsspeedcanbeachieved
IncaseofmovingVehicle800kbitsto1.2Kbitsspeedcanbeachieved.
Applicationthroughputisalways85%ofphysicallayerdataratethroughputbecauseat
applicationlevelIPinclusionandoverheadinformationwillbethere.

Latency timeisroundtriptimefromserverandfor3Gitshouldbe150msfor32bitdata.

Themodulationschemeandcodingischangedonaperuserbasis
dependingonsignalqualityandcellusage.Theinitialschemeis
Quadrature phaseshiftkeying(QPSK),butingoodradioconditions16
QAM and64 QAM cansignificantlyincreasedatathroughputrates.With5
Codeallocation,QPSKtypicallyoffersupto1.8Mbit/speakdatarates,
while16QAMoffersupto3.6.Additionalcodes(e.g.10,15)canalsobe
usedtoimprovethesedataratesorextendthenetworkcapacity
throughputsignificantly.
DataThroughputwillbealsodependonMSclasswhichsupport5,10and
15codesresp.
CQIChannelqualityinformationmayincludecarrierlevelreceivedsignal
I
strengthindication(RSSI)andbiterrorrate(BER).
Channelqualityindicatorsaremessagesthataresentonacommunication
system(suchasamobilecommunicationsystem)thatprovidetheremote
connection(e.g.basestation)withchannelqualityinformation

DriveTesttoolfordrive

SonyEricssonC702(capableofScanning)
SonyEricssonZ750i(capableofScanning)
PCTelSeeGullLXWCDMA2100
PCTelSeeGullLXPlusWCDMA2100
GlobalSatBU353(NMEA0183)

Garmin10MobileBluetooth(NMEA0183)

Thanks