Faculty of Information Technology, Mathematics and Electrical Engineering

Department of Electric Power Engineering

Power Systems Group

TET 4115: Power System Analysis, FALL 2015

Solution Proposal to Assignment 3
Formulae used: (Fault at bus k; pre-fault voltage = Vf)
V
If f
Zkk
Z1k

Vf
V1 Z1k If V1 Zkk

Vf Zkk If Vf Vf

Vn Znk If Vn Z
nk Vf
Zkk
Vipost fault Viprefault Vi

Z1k Z1k

Vf 1
Vf
V1Post fault V1Prefault V1 1 Zkk Zkk

VkPost fault VkPrefault Vk Vf Vf Vf Vf 0

V Post fault V Prefault V 1 Z Z

n
n
n
nk Vf 1 nk Vf
Zkk Zkk

Further:
post fault
ij

Vipost fault Vjpost fault

zij

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

Problem#1 (i)
V
1
At bus 4: If f
j8.33 pu
Z44 j0.12

V2Post-fault V2Pre-fault V2
Z
j0.09
V2 24 Vf
1 0.75 pu
j0.12
Z44
V2Post-fault 1 0.75 0.25 pu
From the steady-state generator equivalent circuit, we know that:
E Vt
Ig g
jX d
Eg = steady-state internal voltage
Xd = synchronous (i.e., steady-state) reactance
Vt = generator terminal voltage
However, if we are interested in the generator subtransient current:
E Vt
Ig g
jXd
Eg subtransient internal voltage
Xd subtransient reactance
Vt generator terminal voltage under faulted conditions

The post-fault terminal voltage at bus 2 was obtained in the first part of the problem to
be 0.25 pu.
Subtransient reactance of the generator was given in the problem description to be j0.2
pu.
However, we do not know the subtransient internal voltage. A typical assumption made
is that Eg is defined to be that voltage which, when applied to the pre-fault subtransient
network (i.e., using subtransient generator reactances), results in the network voltages
computed when Eg and Xd are used in the pre-fault network.
Since pre-fault currents are neglected, Eg = 1 pu.
Thus:
Ig

Eg Vt 1 0.25

3.75 pu
jXd
j0.2

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

Problem#1 (ii)
(a) At bus 2: If

Vf
1

j4.3573 pu
Z22 j0.2295

ViPost-fault ViPre-fault Vi
(b) Voltages during the fault in pu are :
j0.1938
1 j0.2295
0.1556
V1
0

V

2 j0.1494 0
0.3490
V3 1
j0.2295

V4 j0.1506 0.3438
1

j0.2295
(c) Current flow in line 3-1:
V V 0.3490 0.1556
I31 3 1
j0.7736 pu
z31
j0.25
(d)
I12

V1 V2 0.1556 0

j1.2448 pu
z12
j0.125

I32

V3 V2 0.3490 0

j1.3960 pu
z32
j0.25

I42

V4 V2 0.3438 0

j1.7190 pu
z 42
j0.2

Except for roundoff errors, the sum of these current contributions is equal to the fault
current at bus 2 computed in part (a).

Problem#2(i)

a 11200 ;a2 12400 ;1 a a2 0

Va 1 1 1 Va0
V 1 a2 a V
b
a1
Vc 1 a a2 Va2
Given: V0 1000 ; V1 80300 ; V2 40 300 V.

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

0
0
Va 1 1 1 100 1169.9

Vb 1 a2 a 80300 41.3 760

Vc 1 a a2 40 300 96.11680

The line voltages are as follows:

Vab Va Vb 120300

Vbc Vb Vc 120 300

Vca Vc Va 2081800
Symmetrical components of voltages are found using the following expression:
Va0
1 1 1 Va
V 1 1 a a2 V
a1 3
b
2
Va2
1 a a Vc
Symmetrical components of line voltages are found using the following
expression:
0
Vab0
1 1 1 Vab

V 1 1 a a2 V 138.6600
ab1 3
bc

2
Vab2
1 a a Vca 69.3 600

Problem#2(ii)

Ia 1 1 1 Ia0
I 1 a2 a I
b
a1
Ic 1 a a2 Ia2
Ia0
1 1 1 Ia
I 1 1 a a2 I
a1 3
b
2
Ia2
1 a a Ic
Iab 1000 ; Ibc 15 900 ; Ica 20900 A.
0
0
I 0
1 1 1 100 3.72726.56
I 1 1 a a2 15 900 13.47 3.550 A

1 3

I2
1 a2 a 20900 6.8211870

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.

0
Ia Iab Ica 22.36 63.43
I I I 18.03236.30 A

b bc ab
0

Ic Ica Ibc
3590

0
0

0
IL0
1 1 1 22.36 63.43

I 1 1 a a2 18.03236.30 23.32 33.560 3I 300

L1 3

1
2
0
0

0
11.81217
IL2
1 a a
3590

3I2 30

TET4115: Power System Analysis, 2015.