Boating Safety Course Pleasure Craft Operator Card

Boating Safety Course
Pleasure Craft Operator Card
Garde ctire auxiliaire canadienne

Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary
Student Manual
01/01/01
page I

WWW.CCGA-GCAC.COM
For information or to register,

please contact the number listed for your region.
1 (705) 357-2616
1 (709) 772-4074
1 (450) 746-4385
1 (250) 480-2798
1 (902) 477-5574
01/01/01
page II
Copyright
NO PART OF THIS BOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED without the permission of the Canadian
Coast Guard Auxiliary.
Reproduction, in whole or in part, is prohibited. A copy or reproduction obtained by any means
(photocopying, duplicating, or other) constitutes an infringement subject to fines as provided
for in the Copyright Act.
All rights reserved. Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary (CCGA), First quarter 1999
Main entry under title:

CCGA Basic Boating Safety Course
This course has been accredited by the Canadian Coast Guard strictly on the basis that it
meets the minimum requirements of basic boating safety knowledge set out in the Canadian
Coast Guard Boating Safety Course Standard.
Many extracts and quotations used in the manual and course have been taken from the Safe Boating
Guide, laws and regulations in effect across Canada and in various provinces, as well as from the
Criminal Code of Canada. However, these references are not exhaustive and are not meant to take the
place of the legal texts which remain the sole authorized references in the event of litigation.
The National Council of the CCGA alone may authorize changes to this document. The CCGA
National Council is also the only authority that may authorize the partial reproduction of this document
provided that the source is mentioned, that no changes are made to the text and that any partial
reproduction is not used for commercial purposes.
The masculine form, which has been used solely for purposes of conciseness, is taken to include the feminine.
01/01/01
page III
01/01/01
page IV
PREFACE
Dear reader,
This manual is the second edition of the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary student book in its English
version.
Its content complies with Canadian Coast Guard accreditation standards. It is approved for class
room utilisation or self training student prior to an accredited test challenge to obtain a Pleasure
Craft Operator Card.
The first edition was the work of CCGA members ( all unpaid volunteers ) under the leadership of
Mr Bernard Claveau. He was at the time assisted by Louis Arsenault, Alberte Matte, Louise Labelle,
Claudette Petitpas, Frederic Guerin, Pierre Archambault, Helene Duguay, Roger Arsenault, Sylvio
Lagac, Jacques Labelle and Kim Labelle.
A committee under the leadership of Mr Jean-Pierre Ptolas has revised and corrected the first
edition. Mr Herb Hegler (CCGA Maritimes) Mr Nol Hay (CCGA Pacific) Mr Don Limoges (CCGA
Central and Arctic) were also members of that committee. Mrs Helene Duguay, Mr Jacques Labelle
and Mr Sylvio Lagac, all of them for CCGA Laurentian and members of the first edition team, also
made an important contribution.
All CCGA Regions were invited to participate in the reviewing process.
I wish to acknowledge the dedicated work and efforts of all these volunteers whether they worked on
the first or the second edition.
The Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary is an independent organization made up entirely of volunteers
whose mandate is to operate as rescuer on the water in conjunction with the Canadian Coast
Guard. With its five (5) Regions nation-wide, the CCGA brings together more than 4,500 members.
One cannot fulfill a Search and Rescue mandate without acknowledging the importance of
Prevention. Consequently, for many years, the Auxiliaries have been conducting courtesy
inspections and providing the public with advices at exhibitions, boat shows and other marine
related activities. Since training is an aspect of prevention, the Auxiliaries decided that it would be
important to become involved in providing training to the general public in the light of the new
standards.
In closing, I would like to wish you good luck as you pursue this new learning experience. I am
convinced that, as a result of the knowledge gained through this course, you will become a Pleasure
Craft Operator able to enjoy your boating activities with an improved awareness of safety.
Safe sailing.
Robert Petitpas
Vice Chairman
National Council
01/01/01
page V
INTRODUCTION
Table of Contents
Why Talk About Boating Safety?
Course Objectives
Sample Test
1
3
4
5
MODULE 1
Unit 1.1
Unit 1.2
Unit 1.3
REQUIRED SAFE BOATING KNOWLEDGE

Acts, Regulations and Code
Provisions Regarding Assistance
Criminal Code of Canada
12
13
13
DESCRIPTION OF A PLEASURE CRAFT

Description of a Pleasure Craft
Outboard
Inboard , I/O
The Different Types of Hulls
Categories of Pleasure Craft
Boat Terminology
Licensing, Registration and Markings
Engine Power and Load Capacity Plate
Safety Precautions
16
16
16
16
17
18
19
21
21
MODULE 2
Unit 2.1
Unit 2.2
Unit 2.3
Unit 2.4
Unit 2.5
MODULE 3
Unit 3.1
Unit 3.2
Unit 3.3
Unit 3.4
Unit 3.5
Unit 3.6
EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION
Safety Equipment On Board
23
Personal Watercraft (PWCs)
25
Paddleboats, Watercycles, Sailboards
25
Emergency Supplies Check List
26
27
Pyrotechnic Distress Signals
Pyrotechnic Signals: Their Features
28
Light Signals
29
Navigation Lights
29
29
Motor Boats
Sailing Vessels
30
31
Vessels Under Oars
PFDs, Lifejackets and Maintenance
32
Using On-Board Safety Equipment
34
What to look for in a PFD.....34
Putting on a PFD.......34
01/01/01
page 1
MODULE 4
Unit 4.1
Unit 4.2
Unit 4.3
Unit 4.4
SAFETY ON BOARD
Sound Signals and Conduct of a PleasureCraft in Sight of Other
Vessels 35
Entering and Exiting Locks
39
Meaning of Code Flags
40
Air Cushion Vehicles (ACVs)
40
Conduct in Sight of Other Vessels
40
Effects of Movement
40
Speed Limits
41
Refuelling
42
MODULE 5
Unit 5.1
Unit 5.2
Unit 5.3
Unit 5.4
Unit 5.5
Unit 5.6
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Informing Persons On Board
44
Person Overboard
44
45
Breakdowns
Hull Leaks
45
Capsizing, Swamping, Sinking and Grounding 46
Cold Water Immersion and Wind Chill
47
Action to be taken in the presence of a person suffering from
hypothermia ... 48
Effects of Cold Water Immersion (table)
48
MODULE 6
Unit 6.5
Unit 6.6
Unit 6.7
Unit 6.8
Unit 6.9
OPERATING A SMALL CRAFT

Aids to Navigation
Compasses
Anchors
Checking Weather Forecasts
Marine Warnings (table)
Notices to Mariners
Beaufort Wind Scale (table)
Charts and Topographical Maps
Checking Local Hazards
Trip Plan
Vessel Maintenance
Pre-Departure Check List
49
54
54
54
55
55
56
57
58
58
61
63
Unit 7.1
Unit 7.2
Unit 7.3
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Canadian Coast Guard
GLOSSARY: Navigation Terms
68
69
70
Unit 6.1
Unit 6.2
Unit 6.3
Unit 6.4
MODULE 7
01/01/01
page 2
INTRODUCTION
Why
Talk About
Boating Safety?
Today, recreational boating is a leisure activity enjoyed by many Canadians. This

segment of the population is often perceived as being composed almost
uniquely of owners of sailing craft or power driven boats moored in large
marinas. In reality, however, this group represents only a minute portion of all
small craft users. Everyone who uses a vessel for leisure purposes is a
recreational boater for whom boating safety is of the utmost importance.
Everyone who goes sport fishing or hunting, water skiing, canoeing, kayaking,
diving, seadooing, river rafting, and so on, are also recreational boaters, often
without being aware that they are.
Accidents and
Deaths
The thousands of incidents recorded annually touch recreational boaters,

whether directly or indirectly. In 1998, the Marine Rescue Centers across
Canada were confronted with some 6,000 incidents resulting in nearly 200
deaths. This is in addition to all the other incidents handled by other agencies.
Year after year, hundreds of Canadians lose their lives while practising their
favorite leisure activity. Hunters and fishers have the unfortunate distinction of
accounting for a fair percentage of these deaths.
The Canadian Coast Guard's concern was translated into action, and
recommendations were formulated. To remedy the situation, Fisheries and
Oceans Canada set up a series of progressive measures in an attempt to
improve boating safety.
Canadian Coast
Guard
Knowledge
Requirements
In view of this, courses had to be quickly developed to respond to the need for
training. Bearing in mind its expertise in search and rescue (SAR), and in
prevention, the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary (CCGA) determined that it
needed to become involved in organizing such a course, even if the Auxiliary
were only to make sure, first and foremost, that all of its members met the new
criteria and possessed their operator card. This course and all related tests have
been accredited by the CCG. Everyone who passes the test will be issued a
Pleasure Craft Operator Card.
Though the test can be written without having taken the course, some may find
it to their advantage to complete the course first. In accordance with the
official standard, a pass mark is 27 correct responses to the 36 test
questions. This represents a pass mark set at 75%.
Professional sailors receive regular training and must periodically take part in
emergency measure drills. It is important to be prepared and to be aware of the
risks and the required defensive manoeuvres. In learning basic rules of
navigation and safety, incidents can be prevented, emergency measures applied
quickly if an accident occurs and tragedy avoided.
01/01/01
page 3
INTRODUCTION
Course
Objectives
At the end of the course, the participants:

1-
Will have acquired fuller knowledge of boating safety in order to obtain a

Pleasure Craft Operator Card that is recognized in Canada;
2-
Will be made aware of what constitutes the safe use of a vessel in navigable
Canadian waters, both on large expanses of water, rivers and lakes;
3-
Will be in a position to fulfill the four main functions of an operator:
4-
3.1
to be aware of statutes, regulations and codes;
3.2
to respond to emergencies;
3.3
to act responsibly in operating pleasure craft; and
3.4
to operate pleasure craft safely.
Will be introduced to the technical terms and expressions most commonly

used in boating. A glossary is included at the end of this manual.
The course manual covers the following subject matter:
4.1
an overview of the Canadian Aids to Navigation System.
4.2
description of different types of pleasure craft, mandatory equipment

on board, safety and emergency response.
4.3
basic navigation and seamanship.
01/01/01
page 4
INTRODUCTION
SAMPLE TEST
MODULE 1
1-
Boating requires a knowledge of the:

ABCD-
Boating:
What You Need
to Know
2-
Name the law(s) which require that you maintain a watch in order
to detect distress signals:
ABCD-
3-
Canada Shipping Act;

Collision Regulations;
Criminal Code of Canada;
A, B, and C.
Highway Safety Code;

Charter of Rights and Freedoms;
Canada Shipping Act and the Criminal Code of Canada;
Collision Regulations and Small Vessel Regulations.
The operator of a vessel is not obliged to stop and offer assistance

when involved in an accident:
TRUE ___ FALSE ___
4-
When operating a small craft, you must avoid:

A- responding to distress calls;
B- standing up to start the motor;
C- standing up to drive;
D- talking on the radio.
5-
When operating a small craft, the Criminal Code of Canada

provides for a term of imprisonment or a fine if you:
ABCD-
are not wearing a PFD or lifejacket;

operate a craft dangerously;
transfer fuel from one vessel to another;
tow a water skier.
MODULE 2
Vessel
Description
6-
A pleasure craft is defined as a:

ABCD-
small vessel up to 2 meters in length;

vessel built of wood or fiberglass;
vessel powered by an outboard motor;
vessel used for recreational activities.
01/01/01
page 5
INTRODUCTION
7-
What type of propulsion system is used for personal watercraft

(PWC)?
ABCD-
propeller;
jet propelled;
sail;
paddle wheel.
8-
There are three types of hulls: flat-bottom, Vee-bottom and:

A- box-bottom;
B- ocean-bottom;
C- round-bottom;
D- square-bottom.
9-
The keel of a sailing craft is always fixed:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___
10-
A monohulled sailing craft is safer than a multi-hulled:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___
11-
A multi-hulled sailing craft is very stable:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___
12- When you are on board a vessel and looking toward its bow, the left
side, in boating terms, is called:
ABCD13-
port;
starboard;
stern;
draft.
You can exchange your vessel's licence number with your friends
only if your craft is fitted with a motor of at least 10 HP:
TRUE ___ FALSE ___
01/01/01
page 6
INTRODUCTION
14MODULE 3
Name two elements that appear on a capacity plate:

A- maximum load capacity and the manufacturer's telephone
number;
B- maximum engine power and the manufacturer's address;
C- manufacturer's telephone number and address;
D- maximum safe load capacity and recommended engine power.
Equipment
Description
15-
Pyrotechnic distress signals (flares) must be kept on board vessels

more than 6 metres in length:
TRUE ___ FALSE ___
16-
A flare's shelf-life is:

ABCD-
17-
2 years;
4 years;
10 years;
1 year.
One of the following has nothing to do with distress signals. Which

one is it?
A- VHF radio;
B- code flag;
C- AM-FM radio;
D- sound signalling devices.
18-
Name one type of NON-marine pyrotechnic signal (flare):

ABCD-
19-
Navigation lights must be displayed:

ABCD-
rocket;
parachute;
cartridge;
roadside.
from sunset to sunrise;

from 18:00 to 06:00;
from midnight to noon;
when in the vicinity of other craft.
01/01/01
page 7
INTRODUCTION
20-
The three different colours of navigation lights on a pleasure craft

are:
MODULE 4
ABCD21-
Personal flotation devices (PFDs) must be approved by which

agency?
ABCD-
Boating
Safety
22-
blue and green;

yellow and white;
red and white;
black and white.
Which of the following procedures are to be followed when fueling a

pleasure craft equipped with a gas or diesel engine:
ABCD-
24-
Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary;

Revenue Canada;
Canadian Coast Guard;
U.S. Coast Guard.
Areas where diving is in progress are marked by a flag that is:

ABCD-
23-
red, green, yellow;

red, green, white;
green, red, blue;
blue, white, red.
remove oily rags;

have everyone on board wear a PFD or lifejacket;
open all hatches and operate the blower;
moor the vessel, shut off the engines and do not smoke.
The Collision Regulations state that every vessel shall at all times
proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective
action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance
appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.
TRUE ___ FALSE ___
MODULE 5
25-
Emergency
Response
A recreational boater should ensure that the people on board are

informed about:
ABCD-
the location of PFDs;

the location of the emergency kit;
their roles in the event of emergencies;
all of the above.
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page 8
INTRODUCTION
26-
The correct action for a recreational boater to take, should a person

fall overboard, is to shout man overboard , turn around, keep an
eye on the person and:
A- jump into the water to offer assistance;
B- throw a floating object in the water;
C- throw a sufficiently long buoyant heaving line to reach the
person overboard;
D- call for assistance on your VHF radio.
27-
In the event of damage to his craft, a recreational boater should take

all but one of the following measures. What should he not do?
ABCD-
28-
The first thing a recreational boater should do if he detects a minor

leak is to:
ABCD-
29-
change the vessel's speed according to the circumstances;

drop anchor, as dictated by the circumstances;
investigate all problems;
have the passengers listen to music.
jettison all heavy stores on board;

use a bailer to remove accumulated water;
locate the source of the leak;
change the vessels speed according to the circumstances.
If a boat capsizes or runs aground, it is very important for its

occupants to be wearing a PFD:
TRUE ___ FALSE ___
30-
A person immersed in cold water may develop hypothermia:

TRUE ___ FALSE ___
31-
Indicate which is a sign or symptom of hypothermia:

ABCD-
vomiting;
intense perspiration;
slow and weak pulse;
rapid respiration.
01/01/01
page 9
INTRODUCTION
32-
Indicate which garment can offer additional protection against

hypothermia in cold water:
ABCD-
MODULE 6
leather boots;
motorcycle helmet;
survival suit ;
diving goggles.
33- Which of the following is a floating aid to navigation?
Trip
Planning
ABCD34-
What is the definition of a starboard buoy when you are proceeding

upriver?
ABCD-
35-
sonar;
cellular telephone;
radar;
buoy.
a green buoy that marks the port (left) side of the channel;
a red buoy that marks the starboard (right) side of the channel;
a buoy fitted with a light that emits short green light flashes;
a buoy with red and green markings.
On the line to the left of each descriptive statement in Column Two,

write the number of the term in Column One that is defined by the
descriptive statement:
1- Cardinal buoy
____ black and yellow in colour and if

equipped, a white flashing light
2- Cautionary buoy
____ has a red triangle centred on a white

background
3- 'Keep out' buoy
____ has an orange, open-faced square

symbol on two opposite sides
4- Control buoy
____ has an orange, open-faced circle on two

opposite sides
5- Information buoy
____ has an orange diamond containing an

orange cross
6- Starboard hand
daybeacon
____ topmark bears a yellow "X".
01/01/01
page 10
INTRODUCTION
36-
The use of a ____________________ can help a recreational boater

determine the direction he is heading:
ABCD-
37-
compass;
binoculars;
VHF marine radio;
clock.
Identify three local hazards that can impede the operation of a boat:
a- sudden winds
b- sun
c- bridges
d- overhead cables
A- a,b,c
38-
B- a,e,h
Canadian Coast
Guard
and
Canadian
Coast Guard
Auxiliary
B- a,b,d,g
C- e,f,g,h
D- a,d,e,h
Royal Canadian Mounted Police;

Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary;
Canadian Coast Guard;
Transport Canada.
Where boating safety is concerned, what is the Canadian Coast

Guard's primary role?
ABCD-
D- a,c,d
Which of the following is a volunteer agency whose members

conduct search and rescue missions and collaborate in marine safety
awareness and prevention campaigns?
ABCD-
40-
C- e,f,g
vessel name and number,

whether a power-driven boat or sailing vessel,
vessel size, type and colour,
name of the home port,
boaters cellular phone number,
name of the manufacturer of the boat,
office telephone number,
number of persons on board.
A- a,b,c,h
39-
shoals
trees
wharfs
fish
Which four important pieces of information must be included in a

sailing plan:
abcdefgh-
MODULE 7
efgh-
Issue boat licenses;

Enforce all the Canada Shipping Act;
Enforce the Small Vessel Regulations;
Conduct marine search and rescue (SAR) missions.
01/01/01
page 11
MODULE 1
Unit 1.1
Acts, Regulations
and Code

Would you be surprised to learn that recreational boating is regulated? Well, it is,
which is why it's important that you know, before setting off, that there are laws,
regulations and local rules that apply to recreational boating, all of which are set
out in different documents.
In the same way that motorists have to respect speed limits, the recreational
boater must also heed speed limits and minimal distances to maintain between
vessels, as well as safety rules. Depending on where you sail or the type of vessel
you operate, you need to know the "rules of the road" of the area, as well as the
relevant articles of the Criminal Code of Canada, which contain, for example,
provisions on operating a vessel dangerously or while impaired. It is important
to be familiar with these rules before heading out; otherwise you could be liable
to imprisonment or a fine.
To round out the knowledge that you acquire during this course, we recommend
that you consult, as a reference, the pertinent sections of the following
documents:
1.
Canada Shipping Act
2.
Contraventions Act
3.
Boating Restriction Regulations
4.
Charts and Nautical Publications Regulations
5.
Collision Regulations
6.
Small Vessel Regulations, and the
7.
Criminal Code of Canada
01/01/01
page 12
MODULE 1
Unit 1.2
Provisions
Regarding
Assistance

The Collision Regulations state that every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe
speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be
stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and
conditions.
You should know the provisions of the Canada Shipping Act and the Criminal Code
of Canada pertaining to assistance.
The operator of a craft is to watch for signals that indicate distress and need of
assistance. In so far as he can do so without serious danger to his own craft and
the persons on board, he is to render assistance to every person who is found at
sea and in danger of being lost.
It is important to know that a pleasure craft operator is required to stop and offer
assistance when involved in an accident.
Unit 1.3
Criminal
Code of
Canada
If you are boating in the territorial seas of Canada or on inland waters, you are
subject to the Criminal Code of Canada. For example, if you operate any boat or
tug or are waterskiing in a manner likely to compromise boating safety or the
safety of others, you are subject to severe penalties. No one can ignore the law!
While it is fun to water ski, it is important that the operator realize that the boat
is being used as a tug to tow a water skier (or a barefoot water skier, an
aquaplane, water sled, tube, etc.). Two persons must be on board, the operator
looking forward and the observer looking at the water skier ; there must also be
seating available for the skier
This rule applies to all situations where a boat is towing anything including a
disabled boat.
The towing of a person is not permitted during the period from one hour after
sunset to sunrise.
01/01/01
page 13
MODULE 1
Continued

No pleasure craft used to tow a person or an object may be remotely controlled.
Unit 1.3
Criminal Code of
Canada
An operator may be prosecuted under the Criminal Code or be given a ticket:

If he operates a pleasure craft in a reckless manner that may
compromise the safety of others, without taking into consideration the
weather, visibility, vessel traffic or the number of persons and vessels in
the immediate vicinity of his craft, the manoeuvrability of his craft,
navigation conditions and navigation hazards.
If he operates a pleasure craft in a reckless manner, without demonstrating
consideration for the well-being of others or without giving all due
attention, given the preceding factors, and without taking into account the
safety of others.
Consumes alcoholic beverages, drugs or other controlled substances

that reduce the operators ability when steering or operating a boat.
Operating a vessel while impaired is a criminal offence.
When operating a pleasure craft, it is important to avoid:

Standing up or changing seats in the case of a small boat, especially if it
is loaded. If a person must absolutely change places, he should stay low,
on the centre line, and hold on to the boat's gunwales;
Standing up to start an outboard motor;
Operating a power driven vessel without noise muffling system within
five miles of the shoreline;
Needlessly setting off a sound signalling device or using a searchlight;
Waiting for the last minute to indicate that he intends to conform to the
Collision Regulations;
Operating too close to beaches, as swimmers are difficult to spot in the
water;
01/01/01
page 14
MODULE 1
Continued
Having only outdated charts and documents on board;

Towing a person on skis after dark;
Overloading a boat;
Unit 1.3
Criminal Code
of Canada
Proceeding at a high speed in or near an anchorage area;

Operating a boat that is unseaworthy;
Fastening a boat to a signal, buoy or to any other aid to navigation;
Wilfully altering a signal, buoy or any other aid to navigation;
Sending false distress messages;
Showing off in a reckless manner.
Unit 2.1
Description of a
Pleasure Craft
A pleasure craft is defined as a boat, small ship or any other vessel that is used
specifically for pleasure and not for commercial purposes. Its operation does
not generate profits.
01/01/01
page 15
MODULE 2
Unit 2.1
Description
of a Pleasure
Craft

Anyone thinking of purchasing a pleasure craft will soon discover that there are
many different types available each type having its own advantages and
disadvantages.
Outboard
Outboard motorboats are widely used for sport fishing or for operating on small
lakes. The motor is almost invariably fitted out board, on the boat's transom, or on
a special bracket fixed on the transom for sail boats. Depending on its weight, it
can be either detachable or fixed. The power generated by the motor is transmitted
to a variable-direction propeller.
Inboard
Inboard/
outboard
(I/O)
Others
Boat Hulls
The engine is located inside the boat with an in-line propeller shaft. In some
applications the engine is mounted inside near the stern and a vee-drive transmits
the power to a conventional propeller shaft. A rudder located behind the propeller
is used to steer. When the propeller turns, it creates a jet or current of water which
strikes the rudder and, according to the rudders angle, enables the operator to steer
the boat.
Also referred to as stern drive. The engine is inside the boat and attached through
the transom to an out-drive similar in design to the lower unit of an outboard.
Some runabouts and personal watercraft are propelled using a water jet system.
(see p.17) which are particularly advantageous in shallow locations. Hovercraft use
a propulsion system similar to propeller driven aircraft.
Boat Hulls:
Flat bottom hulls
These hulls are most commonly used in " fishing boats",
"Verchres", punts, etc.
Flat Bottom Boat
"V" bottom hulls:

Though these hulls offer good stability, their relatively deeper draft calls for
deeper waters.The intersection of the side and the bottom is called the chine.
Some V bottom hulls have multiple chines.
Vee Bottom Boat
Round Bottom Boat
"rowboats",
Round bottom hulls:

Many canoes and some sailboats have round bottoms. These boats move
easily through the water but are often unstable.
MODULE 2

01/01/01
page 16
Unit 2.2
Categories
of Pleasure Craft
Monohull boats
Used extensively in power and sail. Mono-hull sailboats have either fixed
keels or articulated (swing) keels, or centerboard . Large sailboats have a
fixed keel, ballast and are very safe.
2 hull
Catamaran
Multi-hull boats
These boats have more than one hull. For instance, the catamaran has two
hulls and the trimaran, three. Their wide stance provides stability and the
design provides stability and speed, especially in sailboats. However,
multi-hull vessels are not as safe as mono-hulls because of the difficulty in
getting upright should they capsize in heavy seas. Some house boats and
recreational pontoon boats use the multi-hull design.
3 hull
Trimaran
Personal watercraft (PWCs)

The PWC is propelled by an engine operating a powerful pump that draws
water under the craft and forcefully projects it into a variable-direction
nozzle, which makes it possible to steer the craft..
.
MODULE 2
Unit 2.3

A few diagrams will now be used to help explain some terms that are commonly
01/01/01
page 17
Boat
Terminology
used in boating. The use of a standardized vocabulary ensures that everyone has
the same understanding. Colloquial expressions would be too wordy and not
sufficiently precise. For example, without a standardized vocabulary, either side
of a boat could be its left side, depending on whether you are looking forward or
backward on board the boat.
To avoid confusion when operating the boat, you need only remember that if
you were to stand at the back of the boat, facing forward, port would be on your
left side and starboard on your right. Wherever you are, the port side and
starboard side will always be the same. Please refer to the diagram below.
Bow
Port
Starboard
Stern
MODULE 2
Continued

Unit 2.3
Boat Terminology
01/01/01
page 18
Unit 2.4
Licensing,
Registration
and Markings
Under the Small Vessel Regulations, all pleasure craft under 20 gross tons, powered
by an engine of 10 HP (7.5 kW) or more and operated in Canada must be
licensed.
Licences are issued free of charge by Revenue Canada Customs and Excise. A
boat's licence number is permanent. If you sell your boat, you must make a
change of ownership at a Customs House. The owner of a pleasure craft
powered by an engine under 10 HP or 7.5 kW may choose to have his boat
licensed.
Your craft's licence number is to be displayed on both sides as shown

below:
Markings must be in block characters at least 7.5 cm (3 in.) high.
01/01/01
page 19
MODULE 2
Continued
Markings must be in a colour that contrasts with their background.
Unit 2.4
These markings are to be placed on both sides and as close as possible to the
bow; they can either be positioned directly on the hull or on a plate permanently
attached to the boat. The number must be clearly visible from each side of the
vessel.
Licensing,
Registration
and Markings
Registration is mandatory for crafts over 20 gross tons; a registry fee is charged.
To apply for registration, you need to supply proof of ownership and complete a
form for registering the name of your vessel. Once this step is completed, an
agent from the Canadian Coast Guard will need to measure the craft.
The minimum height of the block characters for the name of the boat is 10.3 cm
(4 in.). The name is to appear on both sides of the bow and on the stern. The
port of registry must also be marked, under the name, with a minimum height of
7.5 cm (3 in.). The name of the vessel and the port of registry must be in a colour
that contrasts with the background.
Pleasure craft 20 tons and under may be registered, but such a procedure is purely
optional.
Do you currently own a mass-produced pleasure craft measuring 6 metres or less
in length and powered by an outboard motor of 10 HP (7.5 kW) or more? If so,
you need to ensure that it carries a capacity plate, which must be permanently
attached.
01/01/01
page 20
MODULE 2
Unit 2.5

The capacity plate establishes safe limits of engine power, load capacity and the
number of people allowed on board.
Engine Power
and Load
Capacity Plate
Other than the name of the vessel's manufacturer and model, the plate indicates
the "recommended gross load capacity" that can be safely carried in the hull
concerned. This capacity includes the:
total weight of the persons on board,
equipment,
stores,
fuel,
motor assembly,
steering controls.
If you build or import a boat, you must obtain a capacity plate for the vessel. It can
be obtained by writting to the office of Boating Safety in your region.
Safety
Precautions
As a safety precaution, avoid exceeding the recommended engine power, loading

the craft over the "recommended gross load capacity" or over the "equivalent
number of adult persons." Position the passengers and gear on board so as to
evenly distribute the weight. The craft's centre of gravity must be lowered by
keeping the load as low as possible on board the craft. Then lash the gear or
stow it in lockers designed specifically for that purpose. In so doing, you will
prevent uncontrolled movement of the gear, which can result in injuries or even
loss of life to persons on board.
01/01/01
page 21
MODULE 2
Continued
Unit 2.5
Engine Power and
Load Capacity
Plate
For safety reasons, the recommended safe limit of engine power should not be
exceeded; the limit is determined on the basis of the hull and the recommended
gross load capacity.
This Conformity Plate states that a vessel to which it is

attached meets the Construction Standard issued by the
Canadian Coast Guard/Transport Canada.
01/01/01
page 22
MODULE 3
Unit 3.1
The minimal equipment that you are required to have on board depends on your craft's length and type.
You must also know how to use this equipment and maintain it, as well as ensure its proper functioning.
Minimum Required Safety Equipment
EQUIPMENT
One personal flotation

device (PFD) or one
lifejacket of appropriate size
for each person on board
One buoyant heaving line
(15 m)
One manual propelling
device (oar) or one anchor
with 15 m of cable, rope or
chain
One bailer or one manual
water pump (with hose)
One Class 5BC fire
extinguisher
One watertight flashlight
Up to 6 m
Powered
Up to 6 m
Unpowered
6 to 8 m
( if vessel has inboard

motor or fixed fuel tank
or a fuel-burning heating
or cooking appliance)
(or 3 flares of
eitherType
A, B, or C
(if vessel has a fuelburning heating or

cooking appliance)
(2 if vessel is powered
and if it has a fuel-burning
heating or cooking
appliance)
One reboarding device

(free-board of more than
0.5 m)
Pyrotechnic distress signals
(flares)
3 flares of either Type

A, B, or C (or one
watertight flashlight)
One sound signalling device
Navigation lights
(2)
6 flares of either Type

A, B, C (1)
(2)
(2)
(1)- Vessel is exempt if it is operating in a river, canal or lake in which it can at no time be more than one nautical mile from
shore; or is engaged in an official competition and has no sleeping arrangements.
(2)- Navigation lights are required only if the craft is operated after sunset and before sunrise or in periods of restricted
visibility.
01/01/01
page 23
MODULE 3
Unit 3.1 Continued

Minimum Required Safety Equipment
QUIPMENT
One personal flotation device or
one one lifejacket of appropriate
size for each person on board
One buoyant heaving line
Life buoy(s)
One anchor
One bailer and one manual
pump (with hose)
One Class IOBC fire
extinguisher
One watertight flashlight

Fire axe
Fire buckets
Reboarding device
12 pyrotechnic distress signals
of either Type A, B, C or D
(max. of 6 Type D)
Bilge pumping equipment
One lifting harness with
appropriate line
One power fire pump located
outside the machinery space
with one fire hose and nozzle
One sound signalling device
Navigation lights
8 to 12 m
12 to 20 m
More than 20 m
(15 m)
(15 m)
(30 m)
two 762-mm outside
1 life buoy with a
with a 610-mm or 762-mm
diameter of 610-mm or outside diameter (attached to diameter life buoys(attached
762-mm, attached to a 15- a 15-m buoyant heaving line to buoyant lines of at least
30 m, one of which must
m buoyant heaving line
equipped with a self-igniting
have a self-igniting light)
light)
( with 30 m of cable,
(with 50 m of cable, rope
(50 m of cable, rope or
rope or chain)
or chain)
chain)
(located at each entrance

of the space where a fuelburning cooking , heating or
refrigerating appliance is
fitted and one at entrance to
accommodation space, one
at entrance to engine room)
1
2 buckets (min.10 litres)
freeboard more than 0.5
m
(1)
(2 if vessel is powered
and has a fuel-burning
heating , cooking or
refrigerating appliance)
(located at each entrance

of the space where a fuelburning cooking ,heating or
refrigerating appliance is
fitted and one at entrance to
accommodation space, one
at entrance to engine room)
2
4 buckets (min. 10 litres)
(1)- Exempt if vessel may be no more than one nautical mile from shore; or engaged in an official
competition or in the final preparation for an official competition and has no sleeping arrangements.
01/01/01
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MODULE 3
Unit 3.1
Continued
On-Board Safety
Equipment
Required Equipment
One Canadian approved personal flotation device (PFD) or
one Canadian approved lifejacket of appropriate size for each
person on board must be worn.
Personal
Watercraft (PWC)
One buoyant heaving line of at least 15 metres

One watertight flashlight or 3 Canadian-approved flares of
either Type A, B or C
One sound signalling device or appliance
Navigation lights that comply with the provisions of the
Collision Regulations if the pleasure craft is operated between sunset
and sunrise or in periods of restricted visibility. The Canadian
Coast Guard and PWC manufacturers strongly advise against
operating a PWC at night.
Paddleboats
Watercycles
Sailboards
Required Equipment
One Canadian approved personal flotation device or one Canadian
approved lifejacket of appropriate size for each person aboard which
must be worn. Otherwise, one buoyant heaving line of not less than 15m
in length, a watertight flashlight or 3 Canadian approved flares of types
A, B or C must be kept on board.
One Canadian approved personal flotation device or one Canadian
approved lifejacket of appropriate size for each person aboard which
must be worn. Otherwise, one buoyant heaving line of not less than 15m
in length, one manual propelling device, a watertight flashlight or 3
Canadian approved flares of types A, B or C must be kept on board.
Arm signal. Do not use this

signal near helicopters
(different meaning)
01/01/01
page 25
MODULE 3
Continued
Unit 3.1
Navigational equipment : For paddleboats, watercycles and sailboards,

one sound signaling device and navigational lights that meet the
applicable standards set out in the Collision Regulations if the pleasure craft
is operated after sunset and before sunrise or in periods of restricted
visibility.
Radar Reflector
On-Board Safety
Equipment
Provisions of the
Collision
Regulations
respecting
additional
requirements
A pleasure craft that is less than 20 metres in length or constructed primarily of

non-metallic materials must be equipped with a radar reflector.
This regulation applies to all categories of craft which navigate offshore, on
waters where commercial traffic is present, in fishing zones and under restricted
visibility.
The radar reflector must be mounted at a height of not less than 4 meters
above the water, if possible.
A pleasure craft may be exempt if it operates in limited traffic conditions,
daylight, and good weather and where the use of the reflector is not essential
for the safety of the craft
Or, unless the small size of the craft or the fact of operating it away from
radar navigation makes it impossible to comply to the provision.
Emergency
Supply
Check List
EMERGENCY SUPPLIES CHECK LIST

It's important to carry an emergency kit on board a pleasure craft at all times;
the kit may consist of a watertight plastic bag containing the following items:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
one flashlight,
one whistle,
one knife,
one first aid kit,
emergency rations,
drinking water, and
dry clothing.
01/01/01
page 26
MODULE 3
Unit 3.2
Pyrotechnic
Distress
Signals
(flares)
You need to be aware that "pyrotechnic distress signals" must be carried on
board a pleasure craft and must be approved by "Department of Transport,
Canada," as described in the Small Vessel Regulations.
Pyrotechnic distress signals provide an excellent way of attracting attention
should your craft be in difficulty, or should you wish to indicate your position
during a search and rescue operation.
However, crafts that measure from 6 metres to 12 metres in length are exempt
from carrying pyrotechnic distress signals on board:
if they operate in a river, canal or lake in which they can at no time be more
than one mile from shore;
OR
if they are engaged in an official competition or in final preparation for an
official competition and have no sleeping arrangements.
Pleasure craft more than 8 metres in length must have 12 approved flares on
board of Type A, B, C or D, not more than 6 of which are of Type D.
It should be noted that the date of manufacture must always be permanently
marked on each signal. In order for pyrotechnic distress signals to meet the
requirements, not more than four years can have elapsed since the date of their
manufacture. Each signal must be stamped with an approval number. All
pyrotechnic distress signals must be factory-waterproofed.
Pyrotechnic flares should be stored in a cool, dry location and in a watertight

container. Since they will likely be used in an emergency, they should be readily
accessible.
01/01/01
page 27
MODULE 3
Continued
Unit 3.2
As illustrated on the preceding page, distress signals also include those sent or
indicated by:
12345678910-
Pyrotechnic
Distress
Signals
Recognition and
use of distress
signals
The operator of a pleasure craft must be able to recognize, and be able to use,
the following signals:
-
Pyrotechnic
Signal:
Their Features
VHF radio;
SOS signal with a light or a sound signaling device or appliance.
emergency position indicating radio beacons (EPIRB);
code flags;
distress cloth;
arm signals;
sound signaling devices;
pyrotechnical flares;
dye markers in the water;
flashlights.
A flare gun or other explosive signal fired at intervals of one minute;

A continuous sounding with a fog signal;
Rockets or shells, firing red stars one at a time at brief intervals;
A telegraphic light or sound signals consisting of the group SOS in the
Morse code;
A radio signal consisting of the spoken word MAYDAY;
The International Code Signal of distress indicated by the flags N
over C;
A signal consisting of a square flag having above or below it a ball or
anything resembling a ball;
A square shape or anything resembling a square shape;
A high intensity white light flashing at intervals of 50 to 70 times per
minute.
Type A " Parachutes" are easily observed from surface or air and burn for at
least 40 seconds.
Type B "Multi-Stars" are readily observed from surface or air and burn four
to five seconds. Some flare pistols project only one star at a time, hence two
flares must be fired within 15 seconds of each other at intervals of one minute.
Twice as many cartridges are required to meet the regulations.
Type C "Hand-Helds" have limited surface visibility and are best observed
during an air search. They burn for at least a minute
Type D "Buoyant or Hand-Held" smoke flares must be used as a day distress
signal only. They are not visible at night.
They burn for about 3 minutes.
To dispose of outdated flares:
(1) Seek advice from the nearest law enforcement agency, Canadian Coast
Guard office or fire department.
(2) Ask the retailer to take back expired flares when a new purchase is
made.
01/01/01
page 28
MODULE 3
Unit 3.3
Light Signals
After dark, objects ashore or on the water are barely visible. In boating, position
lights are used to assist us in navigating; these lights are descirbed in the Collision
Regulations.
These navigation lights must be displayed from sunset to sunrise and in restricted
visibility, and in all other circumstances when it is deemed necessary. Llight
characteristics vary according to a vessels size and type. If a craft is over 8
metres in length, it must be fitted with permanent lights.
Sailing vessels fitted with a motor must exhibit the same lights required by a
power-driven vessel of similar length when being propelled by machinery. Sailing
vessels proceeding under sail and also being propelled by machinery are to
exhibit a black cone shape, apex downwards, by day.
Canadian modification
"In the Canadian waters of a roadstead,
harbour, river, lake or inland waterway, a
vessel of less than 12 metres in length
proceeding undersail when also being
propelled by machinery is not required to
exhibit a conical shape, apex downwards."
The various possibilities for positioning lights will depend on the length and type
of pleasure craft.
1. From sunset to sunrise, motor boats must display a masthead light, two
sidelights and a sternlight, when underway.
Unit 3.4
Navigation
Lights
Option 1 (less than 50 metres)
Option 2 (less than 20 metres)
Motor
Boats
01/01/01
page 29
MODULE 3
Continued
Option 3
Unit 3.4
Navigation
Lights
Sailing
Vessels
2- Motor boats less than 12 metres

long, when under way, have a
third option.
3- Sailing vessels, when under way, must respect the configurations shown
below. However, please note that the red-over-green all-around lights
must not be exhibited in conjunction with the red-green-white combined
lantern illustrated in Option 3.
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
4- Sailing vessels less than 20 metres

long have a third optiona
combined red, green and white
lantern (sidelights and sternlight).
01/01/01
page 30
MODULE 3
Continued
Unit 3.4
Option 4
Navigation
Lights
Vessels Under
Oars
5- Sailing vessels less than 7 metres

long, when under way, have a
fourth option (see left).
6- A vessel under oars [paddles], when under way, exhibits:

Option 1
Option 2
When a vessel less than 50 metres in length is anchored, a white all-around light
must be displayed forward.
The operator of a sailing craft less than 7 metres long that is under way must
display, from sunset to sunrise, if possible, sidelights and a sternlight, but if the
operator is unable to, he must be ready to immediately display, to avoid collision,
a flashlight or white-lighted lantern.
If you are on board a pleasure craft propelled solely by oars or paddles, you can
display, from sunset to sunrise, sidelights and a sternlight, but if the operator
does not, he must be ready to immediately display a white light with a flashlight
or white-lighted lantern, to prevent a collision.
01/01/01
page 31
MODULE 3
Unit 3.5
PFDs,
Lifejackets and
Maintenance
Personal floatation devices (PFDs)or lifejackets must be carried on board and
and be of an approved type, bearing a stamp or label indicating they have been so
approved by "Department of Transport, Canada". The Department of Fisheries
and Oceans/Canadian Coast Guard also approves personal flotation devices
(PFDs).
If you repair or alter your personal flotation devices (PFDs) or lifejackets, their
approved status becomes void as they will no longer meet the requirements.
You should choose this piece of equipment carefully, bearing in mind the type of
activity it is intended for. Lifesaving cushions are no longer accepted as approved
PFDs and throwable floating devices. Inflatable PFDs are prohibited for persons
who are under 16 years of age and who weigh less than 36.3 kg (80 lb), for
persons on board a personal water craft (PWC) or white water activities or
impact water sports.
PFDs fitted with an automatic inflator are not permitted for sailboarding. To
satisfy the regulations, if only inflatable PFDs are available on board a vessel,
then they must be worn by persons on deck or readily available to persons below
deck.
N.B. Flotation devices approved by the U.S. Coast Guard are not recognized on Canadian
vessels as part of the required safety equipment.
01/01/01
page 32
MODULE 3
Continued
Unit 3.5
Standard
Lifejacket
Small vessel
Lifejacket
Personal flotation
devices [PFDs]
Keyhole
Keyhole type
Vest, coat, coverall type,

keyhole type
No
Orange, red or yellow(1)
Lifejackets
and
Maintenance
Model
Reversible?
Outside colour
Inside colour
Sizing "adults"
Sizing "children"
Type of boating
activity
Turns unconscious
person face up in
water?
Advantages
Disadvantages
Yes
Yes
Orange, red or yellow(1) Orange, red or yellow(1)
Orange, red or yellow
Orange, red or yellow
Universal over 41 kg
Universal
Chest size and/or weight
(90 lb)
Universal over 41 kg
Universal
Weight only, 3 categories
(90 lb)
Abandon ship
Abandon ship, emergency Pleasure boating. For
Emergency use
use in sheltered waters constant wear where risk
of drowning exists.
Yes
Yes, for most people
No, provides flotation
only
High buoyancy, turning Reduced buoyancy and
Comfortable. Wide
ability in rough weather. turning ability. Simple to
range of styles/sizes
Simple to put on.
put on.
available for recreational
boating.
Bulky and
Bulky and uncomfortable
No turning ability
uncomfortable
(1) Other colours are accepted only for PFDs colours for lifejackets are still
only red, orange or yellow.
Continued
Unit 3.5
PFDs,
Lifejackets and
Maintenance
The operator of a pleasure craft should locate the required safety equipment in
readily accessible places on board the craft. For example, personal flotation
devices should be kept in a dry, well ventilated and readily accessible place. They
should therefore not be placed at the bottom of cupboards or gear lockers where
they may be subject to the harmful effects of humidity. They should be allowed
to dry in the open air, not close to a direct heat source, and not exposed to
sunlight.
Clean them with a mild soap or running water. Strong detergents or gasoline
should not be used. Do not dry clean them.
01/01/01
page 33
MODULE 3
Continued
Unit 3.5
The following technique is designed to help you test your PFD or lifejacket:
put your PFD or lifejacket on,
wade out into chest-deep water,
bend your knees, then
float on your back.
Your PFD or lifejacket should keep your chin above water so that
you can breathe easily.
PFDs,
Lifejackets and
Maintenance
Unit 3.6
Using On-Board
Safety
Equipment
What to Look for
in a PFD
PFDs and lifejackets should not be used as cushions or boat fenders; such use
may damage them. If damaged, PFDs and lifejacket are no longer DOT
approved.
PFDs and lifejackets are used to prevent drownings. People on board a pleasure
craft should always wear either a PFD or lifejacket. The following factors should
be taken into consideration when choosing a PFD or lifejacket:
it should be snug, but allow for freedom of movement (bend at
waist, move arms and legs);
it must be properly sized for the person ("Adult" for an adult;
"Child" for a child);
it must be appropriate for the water activity;
the lifejacket must provide sufficient buoyancy to turn an
unconscious person from the face-down to the face-up
position.
Putting on a PFD
It is important to practice putting on a PFD while in the water. Follow the steps
below:
spread the device open with the inside facing up out of the
water;
rotate the device so as to look at the neck opening;
extend both arms through arm openings;
lift arms over the head and position the device around the
upper body;
fasten the device to fit snugly.
01/01/01
page 34
MODULE 4
SAFETY ON BOARD
Unit 4.1
No matter where a vessel is being operated, certain rules must be respected.

When out fishing on a small lake, some boaters may believe that they are
Sound Signals and exempt from these rules. However, when two vessels are within sight of the
Conduct of
other, their operators are obligated to follow the same rules. Particular caution
Pleasure Craft in
must be exercised when operating in the same waters as sailing vessels or
Sight of Other
commercial vessels. Fishers taking part in a tournament in waters where various
Vessels
types of vessels are operating need to know the rules respecting collisions.
All small craft operators must comply with the International Regulations for the
Prevention of Collisions at Sea and the Canadian modifications respecting the high
seas and all connected waters navigable by vessels.
Whether enjoying a bright sunny day or enveloped in a dense fog, boaters are
obliged to abide by certain rules established to ensure safety. It is obviously
very important to be able to operate the craft under all weather conditions,
including poor visibility.
The operator of a pleasure power driven craft must take early and substantial
action to keep well clear of a vessel engaged in fishing or a sailing vessel. The
operator of a sailing vessel must also take early and substantial action to keep
well clear of a vessel engaged in fishing.
The first two rules to follow are :
(1) at all times, maintain a proper lookout by sight and sound and
(2) proceed at a speed so that proper and evasive action may be taken to avoid
a collision.
In most circumstances, power-driven craft must give way to sailing vessels,
canoes and craft under oars.
Bow
STARBOARD: If any
PORT:
vessel approaches within
If a power-driven
Port
Starboard
this sector, keep out of its
vessel approaches
way. [Note: This rule
within this sector,
may not always apply if
maintain your course
one or both vessels are
and speed, with
sailboats.]
caution.
Stern
If any vessel approaches this

sector, maintain your course
and speed, with caution.
MODULE 4
SAFETY ON BOARD
01/01/01
page 35
Unit 4.1
Continued
Unit 4.1
Sound Signals and Conduct of Pleasure Craft in Sight of Other Vessels

"A" blows one blast
and alters course to
starboard.
Sound Signals and

Conduct of
Pleasure Craft in
Sight of Other
Vessels
"B" blows one blast and

alters course to starboard.
"A" keeps clear of "B"
"C" keeps clear of "A"

and "B"
"B" keeps clear of

"D"
"D" keeps clear of "A"

and "C"
Any vessel overtaking another

must keep clear.
"A" keeps clear of and

must avoid crossing
ahead of "B".
A power-driven vessel
must keep clear of a
sailing vessel.
Note: Pleasure craft engaged in fishing are not considered as a fishing vessel according to the Collision Regulations, and
must obey the rules of the road as shown above.
01/01/01
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MODULE 4
SAFETY ON BOARD
Continued
In a narrow channel, a powerdriven vessel less than 20

Unit 4.1
metres long or a sailing vessel
must not impede the passage of
Sound Signals and
a vessel which can navigate
Conduct of Pleasure safely only within the channel.
Craft in Sight of
In the same way, the Collision
Other Vessels
Regulations specify that the
former vessel is not to impede
the passage of power-driven
vessels following a traffic lane.
Sailing Vessels:
a) The operator of a sailing vessel that has the wind on her port side
is to take early and substantial action to keep well clear of another
sailing vessel on the same tack to leeward, and avoid crossing
ahead of her.
b) When both sailing vessels have the wind on the same side, the
vessel to windward shall keep out of the way of the vessel to
leeward.
c)
If a sailing vessel with the wind on the port side cannot determine
with certainty whether the other sailing vessels have the wind on
the port or on the starboard side, it is to keep well out of the way
of the sailing vessels.
d) The windward side is deemed to be the side opposite to that on

which the mainsail is carried or, in the case of a square-rigged
vessel, the side opposite to that on which the largest fore-and-aft
sail is carried. In addition, a pleasure craft that is not obliged to
keep well out of the way of other vessels should keep its heading
and speed. Below, the dotted arrow indicates that this vessel must
give way to the other.
Wind
Wind
01/01/01
page 37
MODULE 4
SAFETY ON BOARD
Power-Driven Vessels
Continued
a)
Unit 4.1
Sound Signals
and Conduct of
Pleasure Craft in
Sight of Other
Vessels
The operator of a power-driven craft, which has other power-driven vessels

on his starboard side, is to take early and substantial action to keep well clear
of the vessels and must, according to the circumstances, avoid crossing ahead
of them.
b) The operator of a pleasure craft overtaking another vessel is to take early

and substantial action to keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.
The operator of a pleasure craft of less than 12 metres long must carry sound
signalling appliances or some other means of making a sound signal.
As well, the operator of a craft in an area of restricted visibility, either by day or
by night, must use sound signalling appliances to indicate the presence of his
craft.
01/01/01
page 38
MODULE 4
SAFETY ON BOARD
Continued
Unit 4.1
Sound Signals
and Conduct of
Pleasure Craft in
Sight of Other
Vessels
STRICT ADHERENCE TO RULES OF CONDUCT

If you operate or use a boat, an air cushion vehicle, waterskis, surfboard or any
towed object in a dangerous manner, you are guilty of a criminal offence and are
subject to imprisonment or a fine.
Under the Criminal Code of Canada, this offence includes:
operating a vessel while impaired,
towing a skier or person(s) on a riding device between one hour
after sunset and sunrise,
towing a person on skis without anyone on board keeping watch,
and
failing to stop at the scene of an accident.
Entering and
Exiting Locks
Vessels waiting to enter a lock must not obstruct the path of exiting vessels.
A green light indicates that the lock is ready for operation and vessels may
proceed into the lock. A red light indicates the lock is not ready for operation
and vessels may not proceed past the limit of approach. A flashing red light
indicates the lock is being prepared for operation, and vessels may not proceed
past the limit of approach.
Upon entering the lock chamber, vessels must be tied to the mooring cables on
the walls of the lock. Lines are to be tied loosely to permit movement; if tied too
tightly, lines may become taut and cause the vessel to capsize.
Once secured inside the lock, shut off all engines and all propane and heating
devices and extinguish all flames and smoking material.
Any boater with problems entering or exiting the lock should request assistance
from the lock operator.
01/01/01
page 39
MODULE 4
Continued
Unit 4.1
Meaning of
Code Flags
SAFETY ON BOARD
The International Code of Signals: Meaning of the code flags
The Code Flag "A" (white and blue) indicates "I have a diver down." ALL
VESSELS MUST KEEP WELL CLEAR AT A SLOW SPEED.
The "red and white" flag is used to mark areas where diving is in progress.
VESSELS SHOWING THIS FLAG ARE RESTRICTED IN THEIR ABILITY
TO MOVE.
The red and white flag carried on a buoy is used to mark areas where diving is in
progress.
Air Cushion
Vehicles (ACVs)
An ACV is most controllable and

creates minimum wash when
moving at high speeds. Do not
be alarmed at high speed
operation.
Conduct
in Sight
of Other Vessels
When operating, an ACV has no draught. Unlike other vessels, it can head to
shore or shallow water at high speed.
ACVs are fitted with an all-round flashing yellow light.
In Canada, most navigable waterways must be shared with other users, including
residents living near waterways. In this case, you are to:
Stay well clear of swimmers and properties;
Adjust the speed of your craft so that the wash and wake generated by
the passage of the craft does not result in injuries to persons, erosion
of the shoreline or damage to the properties;
Observe the provisions of the Collision Regulations;
Use courtesy and common sense so as not to create a hazard, a threat,
a stress or an irritant to yourself, to others, to the environment, or to
wildlife.
Unit 4.2
The following elements can reduce a person's ability to operate a pleasure craft
and can negatively affect persons on board:
Effects of
Movement
sunlight,
waves,
sound, and/or
alcohol and drugs,
01/01/01
page 40
MODULE 4
SAFETY ON BOARD
Continued
Unit 4.2
Effects of
Movement
the motion of the craft, and

the wind.
These elements may effect the person's:
balance,
co-ordination,
reflexes and response time,
judgment,
eyesight, and/or hearing.
Unit 4.3
Speed Limits
With respect to speed limits, you should know that Boating Restriction Regulations
and local regulations are in effect for certain waters in Canada regarding:
prohibited types of vessels,
speed limits,
maximum engine power limits, and
The Collision Regulations state that every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe
speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be
stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and
conditions.
01/01/01
page 41
MODULE 4
SAFETY ON BOARD
Continued
Unit 4.3
Speed Limits
The pleasure craft operator must at all times proceed at a safe speed, taking the
following factors into account:
visibility,
traffic density,
wind strength,
sea and currents,
proximity of navigational hazards.
All pleasure craft operators are "responsible for their waves." The operator must
at all times proceed with caution at a speed such that "wash and wake" will not
adversely affect:
any type or category of vessel: vessels underway, docked vessels,
anchored vessels, grounded vessels, and even wrecks;
the shorelines and work being carried out there (docks, floats,
wetlands, recreational beaches, among others);
any other waterway users, such as swimmers, water-skiers, divers,
and others.
Operators of all vessels in or near an area of restricted visibility must proceed at
a safe speed.
In bad weather, the operator must slow down so as to maintain total control of
his craft in order to avoid the risk of causing injuries or loss of life to persons on
board or any damage.
All operators of a pleasure craft proceeding at a high speed must be particularly
attentive so as to be able to stop in an emergency, given the effect of
"hydroplaning" that increases the stopping distance.
Unit 4.4
Refuelling
When refueling a pleasure craft equipped with a gas or diesel engine, the
following precautions are to be taken:
Moor the boat securely to the wharf.
Shut off the engines.
Instruct all occupants of the boat who are not involved in refuelling
to go ashore.
Extinguish all open flames.
Do not smoke in the area reserved for refuelling.
Turn off all electric equipment.
01/01/01
page 42
MODULE 4
SAFETY ON BOARD
Continued
Close doors, windows and hatches to prevent any air currents.
Unit 4.4
Refuelling
Put portable fuel tanks ashore.

Keep nozzle against filler pipe.
Do not overfill. Wipe up any spillage.
Turn on the engine space blower for at least four (4) minutes
immediately before starting the engine(s).
Check for odours or fuel vapour before starting the engine(s).
Propane Tanks
Propane tanks must be fastened securely in a ventilated area and, if in a
compartment, have an outlet below the tank to the outside so that any propane
vapor can easily flow overboard. Precautions must be taken to stop any propane
vapor entering the hull as these vapors accumulate in the bilge of the vessel
causing a risk of explosion.
01/01/01
page 43
MODULE 5
Unit 5.1
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
The pleasure craft operator should inform all persons on board about the following safety points
before heading out.
Informing
Persons
On Board
Unit 5.2
Person Overboard
the location of personal flotation devices or lifejackets;

the techniques for putting on personal flotation devices or lifejackets;
the techniques for putting on personal flotation devices or lifejackets
when in the water;
the importance of wearing personal flotation devices or lifejackets at all
times;
the location of the emergency kit;
the importance of keeping oneself low, on the centre line, and holding on
to a rigid part of the pleasure craft while moving around on board;
the importance of keeping one's hands, arms and legs inside the pleasure
craft when approaching or leaving a dock;
the effects of the motion of the pleasure craft, sunlight, waves, wind,
sound and alcohol on them; and
their roles in the event of emergencies.
Did you know that 40% of people who accidentally fall into the water do not
survive? When moving around on board a small craft, it is very important to keep
low and to hold on to a rigid part of the pleasure craft to avoid falling overboard.
Generally, the boat operator should know how to retrieve the person from the
water. To recover a person overboard, follow this procedure:
1. The first person that sees or is aware of a person overboard yells out :
Man Overboard! so that the person who has fallen overboard is
aware that you have seen him fall and so the rest of the crew is alerted
to the danger.
2. Throw a floating object overboard to mark the spot. A life jacket or a
cushion could be used.
3. Never loose sight of the MOB; in darkness , keep a light on him at all
times.
Record position of MOB if possible.
4. Slowly and carefully maneuver the vessel towards him.
5. Carefully approach the MOB; toss a heaving line or lifebuoy, draw the
MOB closer to the vessel so as to enable him to use the appropriate
reboarding device (see the drawing on page 45)
6. Stop engine(s) if MOB is in danger of being injured by propellers.
The diagram below shows a short and effective way in open waters of returning on
your track quickly, provided the conditions are favorable. This maneuver requires
practice.
01/01/01
page 44
MODULE 5
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Continued
Unit 5.2
Person Overboard
Exercise caution when bringing

the person back on board, as
many rescuers have been pulled
into the water by the person
being rescued.
Unit 5.3
Breakdowns
It is the duty of the operator of

a vessel to put into practice his
knowledge
and
various
techniques for recovering a
person overboard.
Rescue procedures should be practised so that every person on
board is familiar with the safety equipment, the tasks to be
completed and the movement of the pleasure craft.
In the event of a breakdown, the pleasure craft operator must, above all, act
quickly and in a safe manner. The actions to take in response to breakdowns on
board include:
Altering the craft's speed, as appropriate to the circumstances.
Anchoring the craft, as appropriate to the circumstances.
Investigating the problem.
Correcting the problem, if possible.
Using or exhibiting signals to indicate distress and need of
assistance, if necessary.
Prevention and maintenance make it possible to avoid many problems and to act
quickly and in a safe manner at all times.
Unit 5.4
Hull Leaks
When an abnormal accumulation of water in the boat is detected, it most often

means that the hull has been damaged. The situation must be corrected
immediately as there is a danger of sinking. The boat operator must at all times
have the equipment and tools required to temporarily stop any leaks which may
occur in the hull.
01/01/01
page 45
MODULE 5
Continued
Unit 5.4
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Here are a few recommendations to follow in response to a hull leak or flooding:
Locate the source of the hull leak or the flooding.
Stop the leakage or the source of flooding, if possible.
Remove accumulations of water in the hold or other
compartments of the pleasure craft by incorporating either handheld bailers, manual pumps or bilge pumping systems, as
appropriate to the circumstances and to the craft.
Use or exhibit signals to indicate distress and need of assistance, if
necessary.
Hull Leaks
Unit 5.5
Capsizing,
Swamping,
Sinking and
Grounding
An emergency situation can arise at any time, regardless of the location, time of
the day or prevailing weather conditions. The role of a competent pleasure craft
operator is to safely and rapidly correct such situations, as human lives may be at
stake. It is thus very important for the operator to take the following actions if
the boat capsizes, becomes swamped, is sinking or grounded:
Don personal flotation devices or lifejackets;
Stay with the craft, when appropriate;
Account for persons previously on board; and
Use or exhibit signals to indicate distress and need of assistance,
if necessary.
The operator must use all means possible to obtain assistance, using either the
radio or other sound or visual signals. The operator of a craft who observes or is
informed of such a need must render assistance.
01/01/01
page 46
MODULE 5
Unit 5.6
Cold Water
Immersion and
Wind Chill
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Hypothermia is a condition in which a person's body temperature has become
unusually low. It most frequently develops when a person is exposed to
abnormally low temperatures. This can include immersion in cold water,
exposure to cool air in water-soaked clothing, or prolonged exposure to low air
temperatures.
The main heat loss areas are the:
A- chest,
B- neck,
C- head and
D. groin area.
Signs and Symptoms
At the early stage, the person shivers, has slurred speech and is withdrawn. The
pulse then becomes slow and weak, the respiration is slow and the mental state
confused. The person gradually loses consciousness and may eventually die.
Action to be
Taken in the
Presence of a
Person Suffering
from
Hyperthermia.
First Aid
1. Remove the person from the source of cold exposure.
2. Provide dry shelter.
3. If possible, prevent further decrease in body temperature and warm the
person`s body gradually by:
- replacing wet clothing with dry clothing,
- wrapping the person in blankets,
- placing dry coverings over the person,
- covering the person`s head and neck,
- covering the person with an insulating device and vapour barrier,
- applying warm dry objects (40to 45C).
4 .Offer warm liquids but do not give alcohol or hot stimulants to the person.
5. Do not rub or massage the surface of the person`s body or extremities.
6. Use or exhibit signals to indicate distress and need of assistance, if necessary.
NEVER RUB the person's body in an effort to warm him up. Move
hypothermic victims as gently as possible.
In the case of immersion in cold water, the following positions should be adopted:
Single person wearing a flotation device:

fetal position.
MODULE 5
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
01/01/01
page 47
Continued
Unit 5.6
Cold Water
Immersion or
Wind Chill
Two or more persons: huddle.
Try to climb onto any nearby floating

objects.
The following garments may provide additional protection against

hypothermia:.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Dry suit,
Wet suit,
Immersion suit,
Survival suit,
Exposure coveralls,
Multiple light layers of dry clothing,
Water- or wind-proof outer layer.
Effects of Cold Water Immersion

Water Temperature C
00
0
1 to 50
50 to 100
100 to 150
150 to 200
200 to 270
270 and more
Weakness or loss of consciousness

Less than 15 minutes
15 to 30 minutes
30 to 60 minutes
1 to 2 hours
2 to 7 hours
3 to 12 hours
unlimited
Death
less than 60 minutes
30 to 90 minutes
2 to 4 hours
3 to 6 hours
5 to 10 hours
more than 3 hours
Unlimited
01/01/01
page 48
MODULE 6
Unit 6.1
Aids to
Navigation

Aids to navigation:
are devices or systems;
are external to a pleasure craft;
are provided to help the operator of a pleasure craft determine his
c
position and course;
warn the operator of dangers or obstructions; or
advise the operator of the location of the best or preferred route.
A "port hand buoy" (green)

is the buoy to the left of a
pleasure craft proceeding
upriver;
marks the side of a channel
or hazard;
displays
identification
letter(s) and odd number(s);
has a green topmark and
reflector;
if it carries a light, has a
green flashing (F1) 4s, or
quick flashing (Q) 1s light;
has a flat top, if it does not
carry a light.
A "starboard hand buoy" (red)
is the buoy to the right of a pleasure craft proceeding upstream;
marks the side of a channel or hazard;
displays identification letter(s) and even number(s);
has a red topmark and reflector;
if it carries a light, has a red flashing (F1) 4s, or quick flashing
(Q)1s light.
has a pointed top, if it does not carry a light.
A "port bifurcation buoy"
green with one red horizontal band;
green light, composite group F1(2+1) 6s OR F1(2+1)10s (if
equiped);
if unlighted it has a flat top;
topmark is a single green cylinder ( if equiped);
lettered, no numbers;
green retroreflective material.
A "starboard bifurcation buoy"
01/01/01
page 49
red with one green horizontal band

red light, composite groupF1 (2+1) 6s OR F1 (2+1) 10s (if
equiped);
if unlighted, it as a pointed conical top;
topmark is a single red cone, pointing upward (if equiped);
lettered, no numbers;
red retroreflective material.
Aids to
Navigation
A "north cardinal buoy"

is located to the north of a hazard;
its top half is black and lower half yellow;
if it carries a topmark, the topmark is black cones, one above the
other, that point upward;
if it carries a light, the light is white and is a quick flashing (Q) 1s
or very quick flashing (VQ) 0.5 s;
if it does not carry a light, it is normally spar shaped ;
lettered, no numbers.
A "east cardinal buoy"
is located to the east of a hazard;
is coloured black with one broad horizontal yellow band in the
middle;
its topmark is two black cones, one above the other, base to base;
01/01/01
page 50
Continued
Unit 6.1
if it carries a light, the light is white and is a group quick flashing

three (Q3) 10 s or a group very quick flashing threeVQ (3) 5 s;
if it does not carry a light, it is normally spar-shaped.
Aids to
Navigation
A "south cardinal buoy" is black and yellow :

it is located to the south of a hazard;
its top half is yellow and bottom half black;
its topmark is two black cones, one above the other, points
downward;
if it carries a light, the light is white and is a group quick flashing
six plus long flash (Q(6)+LF1) 15s light or group very quick
flashing six plus long flash (VQ(6)+LF1) 10 s light;
if it does not carry a light, it is normally spar-shaped ;
A "west cardinal buoy"
is located to the west of a hazard;
is coloured yellow with one broad black horizontal band in the
middle;
its topmark is two black cones, one above the other, point to
point;
if the buoy carries a light, the light is white and is a group quick
flashing nine (Q(9) 15s light or a group very quick flashing nine
(VQ(9) 10s light;
if it does not carry a light, it is normally spar-shaped.
-
lettered, no numbers
01/01/01
page 51
MODULE 6
Continued
Unit 6.1
A "cautionary buoy" is a buoy that:
Aids to
Navigation
marks areas of danger, such as racing courses, firing ranges,

seaplane bases, underwater structures or areas where no safe
through channel exists and of traffic separations;
is coloured yellow;
displays identification letter(s);
has a topmark that is a single yellow "X";
if it carries a light, the light is yellow and is a flashing (F1) 4s light.
A "diving buoy":
marks an area where scuba diving activity is in progress;
is coloured white;
carries a red flag with a white diagonal stripe extending from the
tip of the hoist to the opposite corner;
A "keep out buoy" is a buoy that:
marks an area where boats are prohibited;
is coloured white and has an orange diamond containing an
orange cross on two opposite sides and two orange horizontal
bands, one above and one below the diamond;
A "control buoy":
marks an area where boating is restricted;
is coloured white;
has an orange, open-faced circle on two opposite sides and two
horizontal orange bands, one above and below the circles; a black
figure or symbol inside the orange circles indicates the nature of
the restriction in effect;
01/01/01
page 52
MODULE 6
Continued
Unit 6.1
A "hazard buoy":
marks random hazards such as rocks or shoals;
is coloured white;
has an orange diamond on two opposite sides and two orange
horizontal bands, one above and one below the diamonds;
An "information buoy":
displays information of interest to mariners;
is coloured white and has an orange open-faced square on two
opposite sides and two orange horizontal bands, one above and
one below the squares;
A "swimming buoy":
marks the perimeter of a zone reserved for swimming;
is coloured white;
A "port hand day beacon":
marks the port (left) side of a channel or the location of a danger
and must be kept on the port (left) side of a pleasure craft when
proceeding upstream;
has a black or green square centered on a white background with a
green reflecting border.
A "starboard hand day beacon":
marks the starboard (right) side of a channel or the location of a
danger and must be kept on the starboard (right) side of a
pleasure craft when proceeding upstream;
has a red triangle centered on a white background with a red
reflecting border.
"Ranges " are beacons that:
normally consist of two or more fixed navigation marks situated
some distance apart and at different elevations.
provide a recommended track for navigators when both marks are
in line;
.
01/01/01
page 53
Continued
Unit 6.1
"Posted command signs or warning signs" include:

no wake zone signs;
Navigation
Aids
no anchorage area signs;

speed limit zone signs;
low head dam hazard signs;
power line hazard signs;
pipe line hazard signs.
Unit 6.2
Compasses
The compass.
A freely suspended magnet points to Magnetic North, not True North.
The difference is called the variation and is indicated on the compass rose on
marine charts.
A magnetic compass is influenced by the proximity of metallic and/or electrical
devices and may provide false information, unless this condition, called the
deviation, is reduced by adjusting corrector magnets installed in the compass. Each
vessel has to be indivvidually corrected.
Unit 6.3
Using an Anchor
Anchors
It may be prudent for a pleasure craft operator to drop anchor:

when severe weather threatens( but a knowledgeable boater would
first seek shelter and only anchor when in protected waters);
when his pleasure craft is disabled or unmanoeuvrable and in
danger of going aground.
Before anchoring, check that the outboard end of the anchor line or chain is
securely fastened to the anchor and that the inboard end of the anchor line is
securely fastened to a secure point on the craft.
Unit 6.4
Checking
Weather
Forecasts
A number of checks must be made before heading out. All too often people
head out to enjoy boating activities on a lake or river or on the ocean, then the
weather changes and they are far from the shore. Meanwhile, the waves are
growing bigger and bigger. For boaters who are inexperienced, such
circumstances can result in a feeling of discomfort, or even fear. At times, it
turns into a nightmare. Incidents are frequently weather-related! What should
one do?
01/01/01
page 54
MODULE 6
Continued
Unit 6.4
Checking
Weather
Forecasts
TRIP PLANNING
It is important to always check the weather before heading out. The fact that
government agencies see to it that weather forecasts are broadcast to the public is
probably a good indication that weather is of significance! But where can one
obtain this information? From the following sources:
personal observations,
newspapers,
radios,
television weather channels,
radiotelephones,
Environment Canada,
VHF weather channels.
Marine warnings are made available so that mariners may take the
necessary precautions to ensure their safety or the management of
operations.
Wind warning
Knots
mi./hr.
km/h
Beaufort
Light
0 to 14
0 to 16
0 to 26
0 to 3
Moderate (breeze)
15 to 19
17 to 22
24 to 35
4 to 5
Strong / Small craft

warning
Gale
20 to 33
23 to 38
37 to 61
6 to 7
3 to 6
34 to 47
39 to 54
63 to 87
8 to 9
6 to 9
Storm
48 to 63
55 to 73
89 to 117
10 to 11
9 to 16
Hurricane
64 or +
74 or +
119 or +
12
+ 16
In Conclusion
Waves in
metres
The action to be taken upon learning of a weather advisory or warning can be

summed up in a few words:
If a gale warning is issued, bad weather is to be expected. If upon the high seas or on a
large expanse of water, proceed away from the danger area.
Notices to mariners are cautionary notices issued regularly by the
Canadian Coast Guard . They include :
Safety and general information;
Chart Corrections;
Radio Aids to MarineNavigation Corrections;
Sailing Directions and Small Craft Guide Corrections;
Light List Corrections.
Notices to Mariners are also published on the Internet at : www.notmar.com
01/01/01
page 55
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Continued
Unit 6.4
Beaufort Wind Scale

Force Knots (kn)
km/h
0
0 - 1 kn.
0 - 2 km/h
1
1 - 3 kn.
2 - 6 km/h
2
4 - 6 kn.
6 - 11
km/h
3
7 - 10 kn.
12 19km/h
4
11 - 16 kn.
20 - 28
km/h
5
17 - 21kn.
29 - 38
km/h
6
22 - 27 kn.
39 - 49
km/h
7
8
9
10
28 - 33 kn.
50 - 61
km/h
34 - 40 kn.
62 - 74
km/h
41 - 47 kn.
75 - 88
km/h
48 - 55 kn.
88 - 102
km/h
WMO*
Effects Observed on the sea
Description
Calm
Sea is like a mirror but not necessarily flat.
Smoke rises vertically.
Light air
Ripples with appearance of scales; no foam

crests.
Light breeze Small wavelets; crests of glassy appearance,
but no breaking. When visibility is good, the
horizon is always sharp.
Gentle
Large wavelets; crests begin to break.
breeze
Scattered whitecaps. Foam crests of glassy
appearance.
Moderate
Small waves, becoming longer. Numerous
breeze
whitecaps.
Rising smoke drifts.
Fresh breeze Moderate waves, taking longer form; many

whitecaps, some spray.
Makes trees sway. Wavelets

with crests form on inland
waters.
Large tree branches move,
open wires (such as telegraph
wires) begin to "whistle,"
umbrellas are difficult to keep
under control.
Large trees begin to sway,
noticeably difficult to walk.
Strong
breeze
Larger waves forming; whitecaps

everywhere, more spray.
Near gale
Sea heaps up. White foam from breaking

waves begins to be blown in streaks.
Gale
Moderately high waves of greater length;

edges of crests begin to break into spindrift;
foam is blown in well-marked streaks.
High waves; sea begins to roll; dense streaks
of foam; spray may begin to reduce visibility.
Strong gale
Storm
Effects observed on land
Leaves rustle, can feel the

wind on your face; weather
vanes move.
Leaves and twigs move
around. Light-weight flags
extend.
Moves thin branches, raises
dust and paper.
Twigs and small branches are

broken from trees, walking
into the wind is very difficult.
Slight damage occurs to
buildings, shingles are blown
off roofs.
Very high waves with overhanging crests; sea Large trees are uprooted,
takes white appearance as foam is blown in building damage is
very dense streaks; rolling is heavy and
considerable.
visibility is reduced.
* World Meteorological Organization
01/01/01
page 56
.
MODULE 6
Unit 6.5
Charts and
Topographical
Maps
TRIP PLANNING
Charts
The pleasure craft operator must be able to read a navigation chart and its
symbols, such as aids to navigation, buoys, marina locations, channels, range
lights, depths and anchorages.
The operator of a pleasure craft driven by an engine or sail or not under oars
must have on board, for each area in which the craft is to navigate, in compliance
with the Charts and Nautical Publications Regulations, the most recent editions of:
the largest scale local charts( unless the operator has thorough local
knowledge);
the necessary documentation such as the latest edition of the List of

Lights and Notices to Mariners for the local area.
The required documents such as the vessels license and name of

owner, or the Registration Book (Blue Book) and eventually the
Pleasure Craft Operators Card ; the name and policy number of
the vessels insurer should also be on board.
Charts are graphic representations that indicate: water areas, including depths,
underwater hazards, traffic routes, aids to navigation (buoys), shoals, and adjacent
coastal areas.
They are intended primarily for the use of mariners to assist navigation.
charts are published by the Canadian Hydrographic Service, Department of
Fisheries and Oceans.
Topographical Maps (intended primarily It is also important to know that
for the use of the general public on land) topographical maps:
1- provide information on the
land areas depicting
shorelines, features of the land,
elevation contours, natural and
artificial features;
2. are published by Natural
Resources of Canada and by
some provincial authorities
and are available to the general
public;
3. should sometimes be used
where there are no "Charts"
available. However, they do
not depict marine aids to
navigation, underwater
hazards, channels, and
anchorage areas.
01/01/01
page 57
MODULE 6
Unit 6.6
Checking
Local Hazards
TRIP PLANNING
The following local hazards may impede
the operation of a craft and as such
increase the risk of injuries or loss of life:
low-head dams,
rapids,
sudden winds,
tides,
currents,
white water,
overhead cables,
underwater cables,
bridges, or
rapid build-up of high wave
conditions.
Unit 6.7
The operator of a pleasure craft should take the following actions regarding a trip
plan:
Trip Plan
before heading out, complete the plan with the necessary details
to assist initiating a call for search and rescue in case of
emergency;
before heading out, file a plan with a responsible person,
providing him with instructions to follow in case of emergency;
and
during the trip, contact the person in possession of the plan on a
regular, at least daily, basis to avoid initiating unnecessary
emergency actions.
01/01/01
page 58
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Continued
Unit 6.7
TRIP PLAN
VESSEL NAME AND NUMBER

NAME AND ADDRESS
SAIL
TELEPHONE NUMBR
VESSEL SIZE AND TYPE

COLOUR
HULL
TYPE OF ENGINE(S)
DECK
CABIN
OTHER DISTINGUISHING FEATURES
RADIOS +
CHANNELS HF
VHF
MONITORD CHANNEL
CHANNEL
SKIFF, DORY,
LIFE RAFTS
Or
(COLOUR)
SMALL BOAT
OTHER SAFETY EQUIPMENT
FLARES (NUMBER)
LIFEJACKETS (NUMBER)
TRIP NO. 1
DATE
TIME
LEAVING FROM
PROPOSED ROUTE AND TIME OF ARRIVAL
RETURNING ON-DATE
CALL SEARCH AND RESCUE AT
RETURNING ON-DATE
OTHER
NO. ON BOARD
GOING TO
NO. ON BOARD
GOING TO
ROUTE AND TIME OF ARRIVAL
TIME
DATE
TRIP NO. 3
DATE
TIME
LEAVING FROM
CB
CHANNEL

TIME
DATE
TRIP NO. 2
DATE
TIME
LEAVING FROM
RETURNING ON-DATE
POWER
NO. ON BOARD
GOING TO
TIME
DATE
01/01/01
page 59
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Continued
Unit 6.7
TRIP NO.4
DATE
TIME
LEAVING FROM
RETURNING ON-DATE
TRIP NO. 5
DATE
TIME
LEAVING FROM
RETURNING ON-DATE
NO. ON BOARD
GOING TO
TIME
DATE
NO. ON BOARD
GOING TO
TIME
DATE
NOTIFY THE PERSON HOLDING THIS SAILING PLAN OF ANY CHANGES ESPECIALLY
LATE ARRIVAL PLANS.
WHERE TO CALL FOR SEARCH AND RESCUE ASSISTANCE:
CALL TOLL-FREE: DIAL 0 (ZERO) + APPROPRIATE REGIONAL CODE
FOLLOWED BY THE TELEPHONE NUMBER
MARITIMES
CENTRE & ARCTIC
PACIFIC
R.C.C. HALIFAX
R.C.C. TRENTON
R.C.C. VICTORIA
(902) 427-8200
(613) 965- 3870/3875
or 1-800-565-1582
1-800-267-7270
(250) 363-2992/ 2993/ 2994/ 2995
Fax (902) 427-2114
Fax(613) 965-7190
NEWFOUNDLAND
M.R.S.C. ST. JOHN'S
(709) 772-5151
1-800-563-2444
Fax (709) 772-5369
LAURENTIAN
M.R.S.C. QUBEC
(418) 648-3599
1-800-463-4393
1-800-567-5111
Fax (250) 363-2944
01/01/01
POLICE
OTHER
01/01/01
page 60
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Unit 6.8
Vessel
Maintenance
Did you know that 50% of the distress calls that the Canadian Coast Guard
responds to involve mechanical breakdowns?
Know
Your Vessel
To avoid such breakdowns, it's a good idea to schedule regular maintenance, that
is, pre-season, mid-season and post-season. Carrying out regular preventive
maintenance on your craft is a means of saving both time and money; it may even
save your life.
With the following spare parts and tools on board, you should be able to repair
most mechanical breakdowns, which are generally minor:
1.
Spare parts
spark plugs
solenoid
spare battery
fuses
propeller
hose clamps
fan belt
shear pins
oil and grease
spare fuel line
cotter pins
electrical tape
filters
2.
Tools
adjustable wrench
set of screwdrivers
adjustable pliers
setkofjsocket
wrenches
hammer
needle-nose pliers
vice-grip pliers
voltmeter/
multimeter
spark plug wrench
A regular maintenance program for your engine will help you obtain optimal
performance. The program suggested below applies to engines operated less
than 25 hours per week; more extensive use understandably calls for more
frequent maintenance.
Pre-season maintenance
Mid-season maintenance
End-of-season maintenance
01/01/01
page 61
MODULE 6
Continued
Unit 6.8
Vessel
Maintenance
TRIP PLANNING
In the event of a breakdown, here are a few practical tips:
1.
If the engine fails to start:

(a)
Know
Your
Vessel
Check the fuel tank.
(b) Make sure that the drive selector lever is in the neutral
position.
2.
3.
4.
(c)
Give the engine a bit of fuel and try again.
(d)
Check the battery. If weak, charge it.
(e)
Check all cables and terminals for bad connections.
(f)
Check the fuses for the starter and ignition system; replace if
necessary.
(g)
Replace the fuel filter.
(h)
Check whether the choke is working properly.
If the motor is flooded:

(a)
Position the throttle lever at mid-point and try to start

the engine (cautiously).
(b)
Check to make sure the choke is in the right position.
If the engine overheats:

(a)
Stop the engine immediately.
(b)
Check all belts and flexible hoses and replace if

necessary.
(c)
Start the engine again and check whether the cooling

water is discharging properly out the back.
(d)
Check that the water inlets and outlets are not blocked.
(e)
Check the water pump drive belt for slack.
If the lower part can not be lowered into place:
Manual system:
retracted.
Electric hydraulic system: check the engine fuses and the

hydraulic fluid level.
make sure that the towing lever is fully
01/01/01
page 62
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Unit 6.9

OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES CHECK LIST
by Bernard Claveau
Automobile
12-volt compressor
belt
bulbs
oil/engine
second set of keys
spark plugs
tire repair kit
traction pads
windshield washer liquid
Boat
anchor
anchor cables
approved life buoy
bailer
cable
canoe
canoe / paddles (2)
charts
docking line
docking lines
fire axe
fire bucket
fire extinguisher
first aid kit
flashlight
hand-held compass
hand pump
lifejackets
manual sounder
nautical publications
navigation lights
oars
paddle
paddles
permit - blue book
personal flotation devices
plugs
power pump
pyrotechnic signals
radar reflector
radio operator licence
radio station licence
registration papers
seats
ship's log
sound signals
spare parts
throwable floating device
tool box
Camera
35-mm camera
camcorder
films
flash
lenses
Cottage/Camping
air mattress
air pump
alarm clock
beach towel
bike
charcoal
charcoal /wood stove
cooler
drinking water container
electrical extension cord
folding table
flashlight
funnel-filter
Ice
insulating board
lantern
light (auto lighter plug-in)
lighter/spare stone
lightstick
mattress/repair kit
naphta
needle and thread
notepad
tablecloth
paper for fire
pencil
pillow
pillow case
pocket knife
polarizing sunglasses
post/propane hose
posts
radio
safety pins
scissors
scotch tape
sleeping bags
spare wicks/lantern
stove stand
tablecloth
tent / poles
tent / repair kit
tent/small stakes
thermos
toaster
wood stove
wool blanket
Cottage
Kitchen
bottle opener
broom
can opener
colander
corkscrew/wine
cups
cutlery
dishcloth
dishes
dish pan
dish towels
dishwashing liquid
forks
frying pan
glasses
juice pitcher
knives
ladle
large fork
milk pitcher
paper towels
pierced spoon
plates
pots and pans
rags or cleaning cloths
scale (weighing)
saucers
screwdrivers
01/01/01
page 63
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Continued
Unit 6.9

by Bernard Claveau
soup bowls
soup spoons
spatula
steel wool
tape measure
teaspoons
Hunting
hunting/ammunition
hunting/cheese cloth
hunting/jacket
hunting/maintenance kit
hunting/rifle
hunting/snare
Misc.
all-purpose cleaner
aluminum foil
back pack
batteries
battery charger
beach chair
belt-bag
benches/chairs
books / magazines
cable
calculator
candles
chains
clothesline
clothes pins
cord
dishwashing liquid
fire starters
fly catchers
hangers
heater
hibachi
hibachi/propane
hibachi/ propane/wire
laundry detergent
locks
Matches
needle and thread
paper towels
Parasol
Pencil
plastic containers
Polythene
propane tank
saran wrap
scouring pads
sharpening stone
small/large plastic bags
Straws
toilet paper
waterproof matches
Equipment
Axe
back pack
battery charger
Chains
Cord
files (round and flat)
fly catchers
insect repellent
Motor
plastic containers
Pliers
sharpening stone
Shovel
toilet paper
tool box
topographical maps
cord
flask
insect repellent
saran wrap
shovel
snare / steel wire
survival kit
toilet paper
topographical maps
Games/Activities
balls
baseball gloves
basket/soccer balls
deck of cards
diving goggles
frisbee
reading material
Towels/Bedding
bath towels
blankets
curtains
dish towels
facecloths
hand towels
pillows
rags
sheets
sleeping bags
Forest Expedition
aluminum foil
Axe
Binoculars
Cable
camcorder
camera/films
camera/flash
camera/lenses
Compass
01/01/01
page 64
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Continued
Unit 6.9

by Bernard Claveau
Motor
electric motor
funnel
gas engine
gas tank
hose
oil
propeller
spare spark plugs
starter cord
12-volt battery
FOOD
Beverages
apple juice
Beer
Bovril
Cidre
Cocoa
Coffee
coffee / perculator
Grapefruit juice
hard liguor
herbal teas
Liqueurs
Milk
orange juice
Pineapple juice
Powdered milk
Quick or cocao
red wine
soft drinks
Tea
tomato juice
Vegetable drink
white wine
FOOD
Condiments, oil, etc.
baking soda
brown sugar
Butter
coffee whitener
Flour
Margarine
mayonnaise
Miracle Whip
Mustard
Olives
Pepper
Pickles
Relish
salad dressing
salt / table
salt/pickling
Shortening
Spices
Sugar
vegetable oil
Vinegar
FOOD
Desserts, fruit, etc.
Cake
Cookies
corn syrup
Fruit
fruit salad
Gum
jams/marmalades
maple syrup
Marshmallows
Molasses
Nutellea
Peaches
Pears
Pineapples
potato chips
Pudding
FOOD
Fruit and vegetables
Apples
Bananas
Beans
Cabbage
Carrots
Celery
Grapefruit
green onions
lemons
lettuce
onions
oranges
potatoes
tomatoes
radishes
rice
FOOD
Assorted
cereals
cheese crackers
cheese spread
corn on the cob
croissants
dessert cookies
eggs
honey
hot chicken gravy
hot dog buns
jelly
maple butter
marmalade
mixed vegetables
oatmeal
pasta
peanut butter
peas
ravioli
sauces
sliced bread
soda crackers
soups
soya sauce
spaghetti
Note: If you hunt and fish

in wilderness areas, a good
rule to follow is Dont eat
where you sleep. Bears
have been known to visit
boats
moored to shore
looking for food.
01/01/01
page 65
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Continued
Unit 6.9

by Bernard Claveau
FOOD
wrenches
Meat
Bacon
Chicken
Cretons
ground beef
Ham
head cheese
hot dogs
other meats
pt de foie gras
Pork
spaghetti sauce
Steaks
Tools
Auger
Axe
barking knife
chainsaw/ file
chainsaw/ measurer
chainsaw/ oil
chainsaw / spark plugs
chainsaw / tank
chalk line (use red chalk)
ear protectors
files and honing stones
Gas
hand-saw
hand winch
indelible marker
Level
log tape (75')
Oil
pliers
plumb line
rubber mallet
safety helmet
screwdrivers
small portable grinder
socket set
Square
tape measure ( 25' )
valley bevel
water atomizer
wood chisels
Personal
Grooming
After-shave lotion
Comb
dental floss
Electric razor
hair brush
hair dryer
hair spray
Hand soap
Kleenexes
manicure set
Mousse (hair)
Q-tips
Razor
Shampoo
Shaving foam
Shaving lotion
Toilet paper
PERSONAL
CLOTHING
baseball caps
Bathing caps
Bermudas
Boots
boots/spare felt liners
cotton sweaters
Gloves
Hat
indoor wear
polarizing glasses
Pyjamas
rain coat
Rainwear
Sandals
Scarf
Shirts
Shoes
Slacks
Socks
sun/fishing hat
Swimsuit
T-shirt
tuque
underwear
windbreaker
wool socks
Fishing
bate-fish
bate box
box for worms
dip net
downrigger and weights
fish chain
fish pliers
fishing rod
G.P.S.
jacket
mosquito net/screen
sonar
wading boots
worms
Permits/Regulations
Reservations
airplane tickets
Canadian money
Canadian passport
Cheques
cottage reservation
credit cards
driver's licence (auto)
fishing licence
fishing regulations
flight reservations
Hunting licence
Hunting regulations
Operator card
proof of citizenship
trailer registration
U.S. money
vehicle registration
Vessel registration
ZEC regulations (Qubec)
01/01/01
page 66
MODULE 6
TRIP PLANNING
Continued
Unit 6.8

by Bernard Claveau
Medical Supplies
Alcohol
allergy medicine
antacid
aspirins/ Tylenol
bandages
band-aids
cosmetic bag
decongestant
diachylons
first aid kit
first aid manual
Gravol
iodine
lip balm
Metamucil or Ex-Lax
moisturizing cream
Noxema
Ozonol
peroxide
noxzema
ozonol
peroxide
prescription medicine
Providine
sanitary napkins
sunscreen lotion
thermometer
toothpicks
Transderm-V
Miscellaneous (add)
01/01/01
page 67
MODULE 7
Unit 7.1
CANADIAN COAST GUARD

The Department of Fisheries and Oceans's mission is "to be a world leader in oceans and aquatic
resources management."
The Canadian Coast Guard (CCG), as the marine operational arm of this department, is responsible for
a number of different programs and activities that fall within this mission.
Among its responsibilities are:
(a)
marine navigation systems (buoys, waterways, environmental protection);
(b)
marine communications and traffic services;
(c)
icebreaking operations, including route assistance for vessels as well as flood control services;
(d)
rescue, boating safety and environmental response:

-
provides marine search and rescue and emergency preparedness capabilities;

promotes boating safety to the marine public;
responds to pollution incidents.
(e)
technical and operational services;
(f)
specialized services offered to other Department of Fisheries and Oceans programs and to those
of other government agencies.
Though the Canadian Coast Guard and the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary are distinct entities, they
are linked by complementary objectives in carrying out search and rescue and prevention activities.
Similarly, both agencies are divided into five major regions covering the whole of Canada:
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Newfoundland,
Maritimes,
Laurentian,
Central and Arctic, and
Pacific.
99/06/17
page 68
MODULE 7
Unit 7.2
THE CANADIAN COAST GUARD AUXILIARY
The mission of the Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary (CCGA), a non-profit organization, is to provide
a national marine rescue service staffed by volunteers.
More than 4,000 Auxiliary volunteers offer their time to actively assist the Canadian Coast Guard
(CCG) in marine search and rescue operations. These members also make available for the same
purpose some 1,500 vessels, the majority of which are owned by them.
These volunteers respond to more than 25% of all marine SAR incidents co-ordinated by the RCC.
However, the services provided to members of the marine community by the Auxiliaries go beyond
search and rescue. The Auxiliaries' experience in this domain has enabled them to conclude that the
best way to reduce the number of SAR incidents is by emphasizing prevention.
The scope of their prevention activities spans all water activities, including hunting, fishing,
waterskiing, seadooing and recreational boating.
The Auxiliaries have been conducting Courtesy Examinations of different types and categories of vessels
for a number of years now. These examinations are free of charge. Though the examinations can result
in the boat owner being given an official CCG decal, they have no legal value per se; their purpose is to
inform pleasure craft owners/operators of the safety equipment required on board their crafts. The
examination is often a good opportunity to obtain practical advice on safety afloat.
To arrange for a Courtesy Examination, please contact your nearest regional CCGA office or the CCG
Office of Boating Safety (OBS) in Ottawa at 1-800-267-6687. The OBS personnel should be able to
provide you with the information you require.
Cours de Scurit nautique
18/02/02
page
69
MODULE 7
Unit 7.3
GLOSSARY: Pleasure craft terminology
Abaft (sur l'arrire de)

Abeam (par le travers)
Aboard ( bord)
Afloat ( flot)
Aft (arrire)
Ahead ( l'avant,
en avant)
Aid to navigation (aide la
navigation)
All-round light (feu visible sur tout
l'horizon)
Anchor (ancre)
Anchoring (mouillage)
Astern (sur l'arrire)
Ballast (lest)
Beacon (balise)
Beam (largeur)
Bearing (relvement)
Bifurcation (bifurcation)
Bitt (bitte)
Boat (bateau)
Boater (plaisancier)
Boating (nautisme)
Boat hook (gaffe)
Bow (trave/proue)
Buoy (boue)
Capsize (to) [chavirer]
Cardinal buoy (boue cardinale)
Cardinal pts (pts cardinaux)
Cast off (appareiller)
Catamaran (catamaran)
Chart (carte marine)
Chock (chaumard)
Cleat (taquet)]
Cockpit (cockpit)]
Collision (abordage)
Compasss(Compas)___________
Compass rose
Current (courant)
Damage (avarie)
Deck (pont)
Dinghy (canot, youyou)
Toward the rear (stern)of the boat.

At 90 angles to the keel of the boat.
To be on the vessel.
Vessel is in the water and does not touch bottom.
The stern (rear)of the boat.
To be directly in front of the vessel's bow.
Direction or position pointing toward the forward part of the pleasure craft.
Artificial or natural objects intended to facilitate navigation.
A light showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 360 degrees.
A device used to effectively and temporarily hold a craft in position. It is attached to a cable and
/or chain which is secured to the craft and set in the sea bottom.
Action of dropping anchor.
Direction or position pointing toward the rear (stern) of a vessel.
Weight placed in vessel's hold or in its keel to enhance stability.
Different buoys used to indicate to boaters hazards to be avoided or the route to follow.
The greatest width of the vessel.
To establish the position of an object using a compass.
Channel that divides into two branches.
Iron post on vessels used in dockingand towing.
A small vessel, craft, etc.
Also called "tender" or "dinghy," a small craft used as a tender for a larger craft.
Person for whom boating is a leisure activity.
The art of handling a boat under sail, power, paddles or oars..
A short pole with a fitting at one end used to handle lines,cables,etc..
The forward part of a vessel.
A float used for marking a route on the water or a hazard or used for rescue.
To turn over.
One of four buoys that indicate the direction of the safest water.
The four principal directions on a compass: north, east, south and west.
To let go.
A boat with two parallel hulls.
A geographic representation of navigable waters.
A fitting through which lines are fed.
A T-shaped fitting used on the deck to which lines are made fast or to which lines are belayed.
An opening in the deck that can usually accommodate the crew as well as as the helmsman.
Collision between two vessels.
Device used to determine geographical direction.____________________________________
A diagram on a chart showing the angle between True and Magnetic North for
that area.
The horizontal movement of water.
Harm sustained by a vessel.
A platform in a vessel covering whole or part of hulls area at any level.
A small open boat that may be rowed, sailed or powered.
18/02/02
page 70
MODULE 7
Continued Unit 7.3
GLOSSARY: Pleasure craft terminology
Discharge current (jet de dcharge)
Jet of water projected by a propeller.
Docking (accoster)
Docking line (amarre)
Draft (tirant d'eau)
Fathom (brasse)
Fenders (dfenses)
Fittings (accastillage)
Flare (fuse)
Freeboard (franc-bord)
To manoeuver a vessel into or next to a dock.

Also called mooring line. A cable used to hold a vessel to a dock.
The depth of water a vessel draws.
A unit of length equal to six feet, used to specify marine depths.
A cushion used to absorb shocks and protect the side of a vessel.
Various small devices, such as cleats.
Pyrotechnic signal used to indicate distress.
The minimum vertical distance from the surface of the water to the upper part of the deck.
Galley (coquerie)
Give-way
The kitchen area of a vessel.

Vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel, as required by the
CollisionRegulations.
Gunwale (plat-bord)
Heading (cap)
The upper edge of a vessel's sides.

The direction in which a vessel's bow points at any given time.
Helm (wheel) [barre]

Horsepower (HP)[CV cheval
vapeur]
The wheel or tiller controlling the rudder.

A unit of power used to indicate an engine's power.
Hull (coque)
The main body of a vessel, including the frame and outer cladding. Does not include masts, sails,
rigging, engine or equipment.
Hypothermia (hypothermie)
Ketch (ketch)
Below-normal body temperature.

A two-masted fore- and aft-rigged sailing vessel, with a mizzen mast stepped aft of a taller
mainmast but forward of the rudder.
Knot (noeud)
Launch (Verchre; chaloupe)
Unit of speed equal to 1,852 metres/hour.

Small craft made of wood, fibreglass or aluminum that is used on small bodies of water (by
fishers, hunters, etc.).
List (gte)
Maintenance (entretien)
An inclination to one side of a ship due to wind, sea or poorly distributed load.
The act of keeping all parts and components of a vessel in a proper and operable condition.
Masthead light (feu de tte de mt)
A white light placed over the fore aft centreline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over an
arc of the horizon of 225 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right ahead to 22.5
degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel.
Mayday
International radio-telephone distress call used by ships/persons requiring immediate assistance.
Mizzen (artimon)
Mooring (boue permanente)
The aft mast.

A permanently anchored buoy to which a vessel can make fast.
Mushroom anchor (ancre

champignon)
A type of anchor having a metal saucer which is mushroom-shaped at one end. Often found in
sport fishing boats.
Nautical mile (mille marin)

Operator (oprateur)
1852 metres; 1.15 statute miles.

Person in charge of, and responsible for, handling and controlling a pleasure craft.
Outboard (hors board)

Overall length (longueur hors tout)
A detachable engine mounted on a craft's stern.

Full length of vessel. Must be taken into account when casting off and docking.
PFD
[vtement de flottaison
individuel - VFI]
Personal flotation device
18/02/02
page
71
MODULE 7
Unit 7.3
Personal watercraft - PWC
(motomarine)
Pleasure craft (embarcation de
plaisance)
Pontoon (ponton)
Port (bbord)
Power driven vessel (navire
propulsion mcanique)
PWC operator (motonautiste)
Roll (roulis)
Rowlock (tolet)
Rudder (gouvernail)
Rudder blade (safran)
Sail boat (voilier)
Sailing plan (plan de route)
Sailing vessel (navire voile)
Schooner (golette)
Seamark (amer)
Shackle (manille)
Shaft (arbre d'hlice)
Sidelight (feu de ct)
Sloop (sloop)
Squall (grain)
Stand-on (privilgi)
Starboard (tri-bord)
Steer (to) [barrer]
Stern (poupe)
Sternlight (feu de poupe)
Stow [arrimer]
Tidal current (courant de mare)
Tide (mare)
Tongue (long) [timon]
Transom (tableau)
GLOSSARY: navigation terms

Small craft driven by a water jet rather than by a propeller.
Boat, vessel, ship or any other water craft that is used exclusively for pleasure and does not carry
passengers or goods for hire, reward, remuneration or any object of profit.
A closed hollow cylinder with a cone at one end, providing excellent floation.
The left side of a vessel looking forward.
Designates all vessels equipped with an engine.
Person operating a personal watercraft (PWC).
The transversal motion of a vessel.
Iron stem fixed to the side of an oar used as a support point for it.
A flat piece hinged vertically to a vessels stern for steering.
Principal part of a rudder that protrudes and is immersed in the water.
Vessel under sail and not propelled by machinery.
Document describing the craft, the planned route, the itinerary, etc.
Designates any vessel under sail, even if it is equipped with a propulsion engine or motor,
provided that this engine or motor is not used.
A sailing vessel with two or more masts, whose mainmast is abaft of and generally taller than the
foremast.
Fixed land mark that can be seen from the sea, used as a guide for a ship's course.
A U-shaped piece of metal with a locking device across the open end.
A strong rigid rod that transmits the movement of the engine to a propeller.
A green light of the starboard side and or a red light on the port side each showing an unbroken
light over an arc of the horizon of 112.5 degrees and so fixed as to show the light from right
ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on its respective side.
A single-masted sailing vessel.
A sudden, violent wind often accompanied by rain or hail.
Vessel having the right to keep its heading and speed as opposed to a "give-way vessel" which
must keep out of the way of another vessel, as required by the Collision Regulations.
The right side of a vessel when looking forward.
To guide or move a vessel on a set course.
The hinder part of a vessel.
A white light placed as nearly as practicable at the stern showing an unbroken light of over an arc
of the horizon of 135 degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.5 degrees from right aft on each
side of the vessel.
To store and securely attach articles on board a vessel.
The periodic horizontal movement of ocean water: rising tide, falling tide.
Sea-level oscillation; the periodic movement is caused by gravitational differences (sun and moon).
A long piece of metal in front of a trailer which is used to attach the trailer to the vehicle.
The aftermost part of a vessel (the vessel's vertical after-end or stern).
Trip Plan
A form to be filled in by the operator of a pleasure craft, describing the vessel,

the number of people on board, the itinerary of the trip and the estimated time
of arrival.
Before departure this form is left with a responsible person who will
alert Search and Rescue should the vessel be overdue at its destination.
Underway (faisant route)

VHF radio (radiotlphone VHF)
Wake (sillage)
Wash (remous)
Vessel that is neither anchored nor docked.

Apparatus used to establish very high-frequency radio communications on board a vessel.
The visible track of turbulance left by a vessel passing through water.
The turbulence caused by the motion of a vessel passing through water; includes the water
displaced by a propeller.
A small mechanical device located on the deck which helps adjust sails using their sheets. A winch
can also be used to raise sails or to carry out any other action that requires great force.
A two-masted sailboat having a smaller jigger mast stepped abaft the rudder.
Winch
Yawl [Yawl]
18/02/02
page 72

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Canadian Coast Guard Auxiliary