BuroHappold Engineering On Rail Interchange

BUROHAPOLD ON
RAIL INTERCHANGE
BuroHappold Engineering is actively engaged in creating quality

rail systems and we believe in designing urban spaces that put
people at the heart of the design process
As an international practice we are

responsible for the planning, design and
delivery of world class projects including
the London 2012 Olympic Stadium and
Olympic Park, Millennium Dome, Louvre
Abu Dhabi, Haramain High Speed Railway
(Mecca to Medina High Speed Rail in
Saudi Arabia), Guangzhou-Shenzhen
Hong Kong Express Rail Link and the
California High Speed Rail System. We
are highly experienced at providing
successful and sustainable outcomes for
our clients within large scale and complex
urban environments including stations,
infrastructure and their impact on the
wider surrounding area.
We are passionate about our work and
aim to make a difference from the earliest
stages of a projects inception, where our
strategic, innovative and creative strengths
are best utilised. As a collaborative practice
we believe that successful outcomes
require proactive engagement with
project stakeholders to ensure a timely
and cost effective outcome is achieved for
all interested parties.
We design quality environments where
people feel comfortable, secure and that
are convenient and accessible to
everybody.
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This none so as apparent in the rail sector.

We aim to achieve success by focussing on
a number of key areas:
Whether you are a public sector
sponsor, an investor in new
infrastructures, or the owner of an
existing asset, we provide advice
upon which to make value for money
decisions
Delivering of quality and sustainable
engineering solutions that are cost
efficient, practical and built within
programme
Striving to enhance rail passenger
experience and comfort
In-depth masterplanning and
commercial/retail development
experience, providing solutions that
unlock sites and support sustainable
economic regeneration within and
around stations.
Our rail business spans building,
environment and infrastructure
engineering as well as a strategic
consulting service covering infrastructure
and economic planning and asset
management. We work with clients
ranging from promoters, land owners,
developers, Government agencies, rail
BUROHAPPOLD ON RAIL INTERCHANGE
XRL West Kowloon Terminus, Hong Kong

Architect: Aedas
Image: Aedas
authorities and contractors providing

solutions from planning to post occupancy
use. Our aim is to provide value for money
as well as creative, sustainable, strategic
and fully justifiable designs that are safe
and comply with regulations.
Developing and delivering new rail
projects requires careful integration and
understanding of rail control systems,
permanent way design and railway
operations to provide a holistic solution.
To achieve this we operate with a number
of carefully selected specialist partner
organisations to ensure we are able to
provide well rounded rail solutions that
neatly integrate with the surrounding rail
infrastructure.
We understand the important issues for
our rail sector clients are maximising
space to improve the efficiency of services
and create a wider range of commercial
opportunities; design solutions that
enhance the passenger experience and a
creative engineering masterplanning with
the surrounding area to maximise access
and parking within and around the rail
station environment.
BUROHAPPOLD ENGINEERING
OUR EXPERIENCE
Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal

Center (ARTIC) Anaheim, CA, USA
Architect: HOK
Image: HOK and Parsons Brinckerhoff
BuroHappold Engineering has over 15 years of international experience within the rail sector, ranging
from strategic planning within and around stations to traditional building design and specialist
consulting which enhances the passenger experience. We have aligned our sector expertise and
experience with our clients needs in five key areas:
Unlocking sites, creating space and driving economic
regeneration
Our project portfolio includes masterplanning development

space, station restoration, new build for high speed rail or iconic
gateway structures, transport interchanges, underground stations
and tunnels through to railway bridges and depots.
Enhancing capacity High Speed Rail, light and heavy rail,

metro, tram and elegant iconic gateways
Passenger experience and comfort
Interchange
Ongoing
2009
Ongoing
2008
2007
2012
LUL Northern Line Extension

London, UK
2011
Stratford Town Centre Link

London, UK
Transbay Transit Center

San Francisco, CA, USA
2011
Haramain High Speed Railway

KSA
Ongoing
2006
Stuttgart 21, Main Station

Germany
2010
Heuston Station
Dublin, Ireland
Ongoing
Dresden Main Station

Germany
2009
2005
Assured delivery.
The High Line

New York, NY, USA
Slough Bus Station

UK
Kurskiy Railway Station

Moscow, Russia
A snapshot of our work in rail interchange

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THE KEY ISSUES

An overview of our problem-solving capabilities in the rail interchange sector.
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WHAT IF?
MIND THE GAP
FIRST CLASS
Unlocking sites, creating

space and driving economic
regeneration. Turning existing
spaces into exceptional
areas by welding innovation
and creative station design
with smart, inspirational
public realm and over site
commercial development
across congested
urban space.
Increasing capacity: design

of High Speed Rail, light and
heavy rail, metro and tram
stations and elegant iconic
rail gateways.
Enhancing passenger
experience and comfort
and creating a memorable
rail environment.
STATION
TO STATION
ARRIVAL ON
TIME
PROJEC T
MATRIX
Optimising the layout and

efficiency of multimodal
interchanges and maximising
commercial potential.
Effective delivery through

integration of design and
stakeholder management
with an in-depth experience
of approvals, detailed design,
construction and post
occupancy use.
burohappold on rail interchange
UNLOCKING SITES, CREATING SPACE

AND DRIVING ECONOMIC REGENERATION
W H AT
IF?
BuroHappold has been providing world class solutions to urban development challenges across
the globe for over 20 years, integrating visionary strategic consulting, masterplanning and EIA
services with engineering design, creating environmentally and economically sustainable new
cities as well as regenerating existing urban space.
The question BuroHappold poses around engineering is no longer how can we? but what if?.
Enhancing the rail environment is a
fundamental catalyst for regenerating
existing urban land, underpinning the
success of new developments and
regional growth as well as providing an
essential city to city transport system.
As an entry point or gateway to many
urban environments, rail stations can
also represent a source of civic pride and
attract future economic prosperity.
Our strategic consulting team specialises
in the economics of regeneration and
development; and together we are
able to provide a holistic approach to
maximising the commercial and economic
impact of rail infrastructure. We can

identify the drivers and factors that will
release value from strategic sites via new
transport infrastructure and interchanges,
including the most viable mix of uses
commercial, retail, residential and leisure,
as well as understanding complementary
investments or activities that can create
a wider regenerative benefit. An example
of our work is a study of the potential
economic impact of Crossrail in London,
especially the manner in which specific
locations will become increasingly
important to Londons economy given
their enhanced connectivity.
Our project portfolio highlights the areas

where we add value; gaining planning
and approvals, quality built environments
and rail related developments that are
economically and environmentally
sustainable, maximising opportunities for
promoters and stakeholders.
W hat if ?
energ y u s e and
W hat
C A RifB?O N R E D U C T I O N
The high line

New York, NY, USA
The High Line is an elevated railroad that
spans 22 blocks in the heart of Manhattan.
Last used in 1980 the line had long since
fallen into a state of disrepair. Working
with Field operations, BuroHappold
Engineering was selected by the Friends of
the High Line and the City of New York to
create the masterplan for the re-use and
re-integration of the railroad.
Inspired by the melancholic, unruly
beauty of the line, BuroHappold and
Field Operations re-imagined this
industrial conveyance into a postindustrial instrument of leisure, city life,
and nature. The design strategy evolved
by challenging the traditional rules of
ecological and pedestrian engagement,
and combining organic and built materials
into a blend of changing proportions
that accommodate the wild, cultivated,
intimate, and hyper-social.
The success of the High Line has been
reinforced with the redevelopment that
has occurred in parallel and is being
planned along and around the structure.
It is estimated that the City will realise
approximately $900m in revenue over the
next thirty years with around $4 billion in
private investment as a direct result of the
High Line project.
Client Friends of the High Line (FHL)
Architect James Corner Field Operations (project lead)
and Diller Scofidio + Renfro
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B U R O H A P P O L D O N R ail
A I L interchange
INTERCHANGE
STUT TGAR T 21 MAIN STATION

Stuttgart, Germany
Winning an international competition, our solution to provide the densely populated
city of Stuttgart with a unique green lung captured the imagination of those that live
and work in the city. We proposed works that preserved the Schlogarten Central Park by
locating the infrastructure of the station below ground.
Our unconventional design transformed the existing cul-de-sac station into a running
through station, able to accommodate the new 400m long Eurotrains. Orientated by 90
degrees to align with the existing national route the station features a sculptural concrete
shell to form the roof and columns. Glazed bulls eyes in the roof tilt towards the trees
above, providing views and natural light for passengers on the platform below.
Drawing on BuroHappolds accumulated experience in the design of naturally lit major
underground spaces, the organic sculptured shell evolved from physical modelling and
the use of in-house non-linear computer analysis to provide a highly efficient funicular
structural form.
Client DB Projekt GmbH Stuttgart 21
Architect Ingenhoven, Overdiek, Kahlen and Partner
Image Ingenhoven, Overdiek, Kahlen and Partner and Aldinger & Wolf
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W hat if ?
W hat if ?
ST GILES CIRCUS
London, UK
Facing compulsory purchase of a large
swathe of extremely valuable London land,
Consolidated Developments Ltd were at
risk of significant financial loss as Crossrail
and large scale construction works were
given the green light to proceed around
Tottenham Court Road. Our response was
to develop an innovative, technical and
contractual solution that would create
a win-win situation for our client and
London Underground.
granted the concession and build

within the 3m exclusion zone around
existing underground tunnels, we had
to convincingly show that the effect on
existing infrastructure was acceptable.
Undertaking extensive finite element
modelling, our geotechnical team
investigated the existing conditions and
the detailed construction sequence of the
new and existing works to establish that
they were safe to proceed.
Assimilating independent foundations

within London Undergrounds works
would allow our client to retain the
freehold of the site. Before being
In return for London Underground

allowing the foundations to be
incorporated into their works, we
negotiated with our client to allow LU
greater access to the site. This reduced the

intrusion to Charing Cross Road, lowered
compensation payments and eliminated
the risk of our client petitioning against
the Crossrail Bill.
Through our involvement in this project,
we were able to secure our client the
massive financial gain deserved of such
a central London site, as well as facilitate
London Undergrounds Crossrail project.
Client Consolidated Developments
Architect ORMS
Image BuroHappold Engineering
LUL NOR THERN LINE EX TENSION

Battersea, London, UK
BuroHappold has added value through
careful engineering integration of the
surrounding and over site developments,
providing a flexible design solution
that maximises commercial retail and
office volume and potential uses at
both stations. At Nine Elms this has
helped national retailer Sainsbury with
extension plans for their flagship store
and at Battersea Power Station has led
to a seamless integration of the station
and ticket hall area into the proposed
masterplan basement without loss of
valuable parking space or commercial
opportunities. Further benefits were
brought forward by BuroHappold through
integration of fire, security and flood risk
consulting, ensuring a robust and safe
design for critical natural infrastructure
was equally balanced by an approach that
optimised space and resources.
Design of underground space requires
careful assessment of the potential to
generate significant ground movements
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on surrounding buildings and

infrastructure for key stakeholders. Our
team of geotechnical specialists carried
out numerical finite element modelling
to successfully demonstrate that ground
movements would safely remain inside of
safe limits. This was particularly relevant
to protecting the Thames Water Ring
Main and Network Rails main railway
lines into Victoria Station, where both key
stakeholders have provided the necessary
approvals from the analytical work of
our experts.
By their very nature railways are linear
projects and can impact on a multitude
of stakeholders over significant distances.
To provide reassurance to all stakeholders
impacted by the 3km of tunnelling we
undertook tunnel ground movement and
building damage assessments to support
the preferred alignment and ensure that
no stakeholder, including the proposed US
Embassy and Oval Cricket ground would
be unduly affected by the works; a key
component in delivering a fully justifiable

design for a Transport Works Act Order
(TWAO) application.
Concept designs for the two stations have
been approved by London Underground
/ Transport for London ahead of a TWAO
application.
The project is identified as critical
infrastructure for London and is
an essential aspect of unlocking a
strategically important regeneration
project within the Vauxhall Nine Elms
Battersea Opportunity Area.
Client Holdings and TfL
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W hat if ?
W hat if ?
UNION STATION MASTERPLAN

Los Angeles, CA, USA
The Los Angeles Union Station Masterplan
team is to lead a once in a lifetime
opportunity; creating a new vision for
an incredibly important 42 acre area in
downtown Los Angeles. There is a very
real need to heal the urban landscape
of the area and to re-connect it with the
community of Boyle Heights, which has
been deeply cut by the 101 freeway.
Metro, Californias High-Speed Rail (HSR),
plans to invigorate this part of downtown
through integrating highway connections,
parking, logistics and security along with 6
million sq.ft of commercial and residential
space to create a mixed-use transit hub;
one that will catalyse an economically,
socially and ecologically vital future for this
part of Los Angeles.
BuroHappold supported four of the

six shortlisted teams for the design
competition, with the competition
finally awarded to Gruen / Grimshaw /
BuroHappold.
Beyond just the heavier engineering
disciplines of civil, infrastructure,
transportation and utilities, we have
developed a customised piece of software
that models people flow, evaluating what
if scenarios and observing behaviours
which we brought to life through a video
animation. This software is also being used
to inform our fire engineers and security
specialists to support their strategies.
Sustainability encompasses all of these

disciplines, strengthening our teams
decision making in creating design
guidelines on carbon, water, waste, social
connection, landscaping and property mix
to realise the vision.
The Union Station Masterplan will
be bold. It will create an embedded
transportation infrastructure that will
serve as the backbone for this exciting
new community, and a template for future
inner-city masterplans.
Client Metro
Masterplanner Gruen / Grimshaw
Image Grimshaw
SAINSBURYS WHITECHAPEL
London, UK
LEA INTERCHANGE
RAILWAY SIDINGS
London, UK
Part of the EDAW consortium and commissioned by the London
Development Agency, we were appointed to undertake a
feasibility study for a potential railway sidings relocation that
would free the land adjacent to the proposed Olympic stadium
and form part of the Lea Valley regeneration programme.
Infrastructure, including underpasses, extensive retaining
walls and new bridges for four proposed rail layouts on the
Lea Interchange site were identified. Outline construction
programmes were made for each option with costs, alongside
detailed programme delivery schedules for the entire scheme
including the rail infrastructure works.
Working with the UK retail giant and the RG Group, our team
provided the engineering that would support the transformation
of the existing Whitechapel store and allow the construction of a
new Crossrail station. Occupying half of the stores car park during
construction, the effect of the Crossrail works on Sainsburys
business was potentially huge. To combat the effect of the works
Sainsburys proposed the construction of a three-level car park
linked to the store via a three-level glazed atrium.
This posed a number of engineering challenges; in particular the
interface of the new atrium with the existing store at foundation
level. Principally we needed to design a structure that could
accept the large settlements that would be created once the
Crossrail tunnels were bored. Working with all stakeholders our
team led the discussions and approvals for the foundations on
behalf of Sainsburys with Crossrail a time consuming and
delicate process.
Client Sainsburys Supermarket Ltd
Architect Unit
Image Unit Architects
These programmes were developed with a view to minimising

disruption being caused to the local transport network for local
residents, including a TfL owned trunk road, local authority roads
and the mainline railway that runs into Liverpool Street station.
The work was undertaken in accordance with Network Rails
GRIP process, with our team being brought in at GRIP level 2
(choice of site) and advancing the schemes to GRIP level 3 (choice
of preferred option on the site). BuroHappold has also been
appointed to progress the scheme further to GRIP level 4
(outline design).
Client London Development Agency
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CAPACIT Y BUILDING THROUGH STATEMENT ARCHITEC TURE

AND ENGINEERING
With the continual growth in urbanisation, moves towards more transient economic work
forces and a general desire to create more sustainable societies, rail travel is experiencing
unprecedented growth globally in the 21st century.
Increased capacity is required across
the rail spectrum; light and heavy rail,
metro, tram and high speed rail. With this
increased demand for capacity is a need to
respond through improving and restoring
existing rail infrastructure, maximising and
optimising existing facilities especially
stations and to ultimately deliver greater
efficiency in the provision of rail service.
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There is also a need to increase capacity

through construction of strategically
important new infrastructure, including
high speed rail and intermodal
transportation systems.
aim to strike a balance between sensitive

restoration, functionality and passenger
comfort, efficiency of construction and
operation; and in the right circumstances
iconic architecture and engineering.
New methods of funding and

procurement are also being increasingly
used, including Public Private Partnerships.
Whether new or existing infrastructure, we
Whatever the requirement, BuroHappold

has a proven track record of delivering our
clients aspirations.
Images BuroHappold Engineering, Adam Wilson, Aedas, dbox / Foster + Partners
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mIND THE GAP
e n e r g y u s emaI n
Nd
D C
TH
AR
E BGOANP REDU C T I O N
Heuston Station
Dublin, Ireland
First built in 1844, Heuston Station still
stands as an impressive entrance to
Irelands capital city. Originally designed
by John Benjamin McNeil, the roof of the
stations Train Hall which provides shelter
for waiting passengers required replacing.
beams. In order to achieve this, extensive

tests and investigations were carried out
on the structure to identify components
in need of repair. Where occasional
replacement was necessary, new cast iron
elements were made to match.
The new roof design makes efficient

use of modern materials and the latest
technologies to provide a brighter space
with a low maintenance, energy efficient
internal environment.
New steel trusses to support the roof

have been utilised, with the same profile
and spacing as the originals in order to
achieve a lightweight, elegant and slender
structure. A large proportion of the roof
covering is glazed to stream natural
daylight down to the station platforms.
The design brief required the retention

and conservation of the Train Halls
primary structure of cast iron columns and
Engine exhaust fumes are naturally

ventilated by way of a continuous opensided top hat section at the apex of each
line of trusses and through the sheds end
and side openings. The lighting solution,
flood-lamp type metal halide fittings,
was driven by balancing aesthetics,
performance, maintenance, and cost.
Client Iarnrod Eireann
Architect Quinn Savage Smyth
Image William Murphy, Flickr
HAR AMAIN HIGH SPEED RAILWAY

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Linking the holy cities of Mecca and
Medina via Jeddah, the new Haramain
High Speed Rail project is a massive
infrastructure challenge that will radically
transform the passenger experience for
visitors and residents of the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia. Appointed alongside Foster
+ Partners, we designed four new modular
stations that would revolutionise desert
travel and provide a coherent architectural
language that celebrates traditional
Islamic architecture with modern finishes
and construction techniques.
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BuroHappold and the team challenged

the previously proposed concepts for
the stations, dramatically enhancing
the passenger experience through
improvements in flow, legibility and
simplicity of use, offering significant
efficiency of the station arrangement. This
in turn reduced capital cost, minimised
operational complexity and showed
significant reductions in energy use
and operational expenditure, whilst
also promoting a coherent architectural
language and clear opportunities for
revenue improvement through retail and
future expansion.
As engineers and consultants appointed

for the entire delivery of each station, we
were given the opportunity to bring skills
on board from across the practice,
utilising more than 20 different specialist
teams, ensuring that the design was
delivered seamlessly within the 15 month
programme and in a coordinated and
efficient manner.
Client Saudi Railways Organization (SRO) on behalf
of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) Government
Architect Foster + Partners
Image dbox / Foster + Partners
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M ind the gap
Category of damage:
XRL West Kowloon Terminus
Negligible
Hong Kong
Very slight
The Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong

Express Rail Link is a major cross boundary
transport infrastructure project which
will form part of the national high speed
passenger rail network that extends up
to major cities in the Mainland of China.
The below ground terminal is intended
to serve as the gateway to Hong Kong
and must therefore have a signature roof
design that reflects a building of this
importance.
By developing the roof geometry in an

integrated fashion between the architects
and the structural and facade teams
both the cost and constructability can
be easily managed allowing focus on
the impressive design. Flying walkways
connect the station from all sides and pass
through the internal spaces. These will be
developed by our bridging team to ensure
that they achieve an architectural quality
commensurate with the rest of the works.
Our work related primarily to the above

ground work, with a particular focus on
designing the iconic roof. The proposed
scheme provides an enormous free form
roof that will accommodate an impressive
central space by providing natural light
and views of Hong Kong Island.
The project was fully designed using

Building Information Modelling (BIM)
technology.
Slight
Moderate
Severe
Client MTR Corporation Limited

Architect Aedas
Image Aedas
COPENHAGEN
UNDERGROUND ME TRO
Copenhagen, Denmark
BuroHappold was retained by one of the tendering construction
consortiums to provide geotechnical and structural advice for
the Copenhagen Underground Metro project. Our engineers
evaluated the ground movement effects to above ground
structures and categorise the anticipated level of damage to the
structures and to provide mitigation measures for the structures
including remedial foundation options.
In particular our team undertook the damage risk assessment
to the above ground structures along the Metro route, which
included modern and old traditional built structures, together
with major buildings of historical importance in the centre of
Copenhagen.
There were some 1500 buildings above the 13km Metro route
which were required to be considered. The ground movements
were likely to be induced by the construction of twin tunnels each
of about 6m in diameter, 17 station boxes up to 135m in length
and four shafts up to 10m wide.
The maximum depth below ground level of the station boxes
was approximately 28m and the deepest shaft was 40m.
Client Contractor Consortium Confidential
Ultimate Client Metroselskabet
Image Peter Kirillov, 123RF
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c rme Iat
N Di nTgH Et hGeAw
P ow!
M ind the gap
DOCKLANDS LIGHT RAILWAY LE WISHAM EX TENSION

London, UK
The Docklands Light Railways (DLR) was
initially developed as a new low cost
transport system to access the areas where
development would take place within the
London Docklands Development Zone.
Construction of the initial system started
in 1984 and was opened to passengers
in 1987. However, the success of the
regeneration in the Docklands soon put
pressure on this system, and demand
grew for more extensions, especially to the
south under the River Thames.
The 24.5 year concession to design,

build, fund and maintain the Lewisham
Extension to the DLR, was let in 1996 to
a consortium known as CGL Rail Link plc.
The major aspect of the scheme from a
construction perspective was a new tunnel
under the River Thames, with the link
opening to passengers in 1999. However,
equally uniquely, it was the first major
public private transport concession in the
UK to be financed using a bond rather
than traditional bank debt.
BuroHappold was appointed by CGL Rail

Link plc in 2012 to prepare passenger
forecasts for the link to cover the period
to the end of the concession in 2021. The
findings of the report were utilised in the
financial model for the concession.
Client CGL Rail Link plc, the Concessionaire
for the Extension
Image Dick Penn, Flickr
Dresden Main Station

Dresden, Germany
Dresden Station is one of the largest
stations in Germany, acting as one of two
main transport hubs linking Dresden to
Berlin and Prague. Damage in wartime and
neglect in the following years forced the
station into a state of disrepair. However
in 1997 a redevelopment programme was
established and the beautiful renovation
of Dresden Station was completed in 2006.
The real challenge for BuroHappold was
to protect the delicate 19th century
filigree steelwork that made up the
roof. At first we uncovered the existing
arches and foundations so that we could
devise a new way of covering the roof
to maintain and increase its longevity
while not blocking out light or creating
an imposing, dark space. Protecting the
roof from the elements required some
lateral thinking as glass was precluded
due to modern glazing standards. The
30,000m roof required careful handling.
Our solution was to use a fabric membrane
to cover the area. The membrane rests
comfortably on the original arches and
loads are transferred from the membrane
in the structure to the brace end trusses,
relieving the pressure on the ageing steels
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and providing stability across the whole

structure. Choosing fabric also allowed
natural daylight to flood the station and
reveal the intricate structure allowing
passengers to reminisce on the bygone
days of rail travel. By restoring the stations
steelwork and removing unsympathetic
additions that had accumulated over the
years, Dresden has once again become an
energetic and exciting place for travellers
whether they are passing through or
residents of the city. The operators have

also seen superb savings on artificial
lighting as the membrane reflects light
evenly throughout the halls making the
station feel safe through the day and into
the night. What was a sad, decaying relic
has now become a place loved by locals
and visitors alike.
Client Deutsche Bahn AG Station + Service
Images BuroHappold Engineering / Adam Wilson
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ENHANCING PASSENGER EXPERIENCE AND COMFOR T

AND CREATING A MEMORABLE RAIL ENVIRONMENT
Historically rail transport infrastructure design has been led by aesthetics and prescriptive
regulations. This can pose problems in passenger intensive operations, where space is at a
premium and terminal performance and passenger comfort are major issues.
Efficient management of passengers
around the station environment affects
the operation, security and punctuality
of terminal operations where turnaround
times are key.
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Images BuroHappold Engineering, Grimshaw
BuroHappold has extensive experience of

improving the quality of building space
with integration of specialist consultants.
We connect people to places as safely and
efficiently as possible, creating memorable
travelling experiences.
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fIRST cLASS
Passenger Experience
We believe that it is important to
optimise the balance between passive
environmental techniques and active
environmental conditioning in order to
maximise both passenger comfort and
operational efficiency.
Traditionally, rail interchange stations
were unconditioned and frequently open
to the environment offering, at best,
covered shelter from the rain, with little
protection from cold, wind or direct sun.
Although this exists as a legacy in stations
throughout the world, we understand
that not only does the modern traveller
expect more, but that improvements in
interchange environment can be directly
linked to passenger expenditure and
repeat custom.
Our engineers are experts in
understanding passive control techniques,
whether this be solar shading, protection
from wind or taking advantage of
natural resources. Primarily, it is critical
to understand the project climate
before undertaking design of mitigating
measures as these have great influence on
the preferred solution.
We believe that interchange projects
are made up of a number of transitional
zones, through which passengers dwell or
pass, and we apply this paradigm to our
projects.
Passengers entering a station dwell
for long enough to purchase tickets or
in some cases pass through security
procedures. It is important at this stage
that the station provides a welcoming
environment, optimising opportunities
for retail and creating a memorable
impression to maximise repeat custom.
These areas should be well lit, well
ventilated and above all, should focus
on clear and intelligible way-finding.
We understand that by lighting and

conditioning the occupied spaces of
the void only, significant reductions in
capital and operational expenditure
can be achieved, which equate to
significant savings in embodied and
operational carbon.
Finally, the platform areas are
frequently open to the elements.
Whether this be in moderate or hot
climates, simple approaches can
be employed that can mitigate the
demanding factors. Enclosures can
be designed to provide shelter from
wind and rain, canopies and facade
treatment provides relief from direct
solar gain and clear night skies,
and detailed understanding of the
prevailing conditions can allow the
designer to take advantage of natural
elements to passively condition the
platform. These range from capturing
morning sun and scattering ambient
light to harnessing prevailing winds to
gently ventilate open spaces.
Our engineers are skilled in applying
such techniques to drive innovation and
excellence into our projects. We model
our designs using the most up-to-date
software to demonstrate performance,
compliance with codes and reliable energy
reduction targets. This allows us to be
truly free-thinking, yet also to validate our
approach and design at the earliest stages.
The transitional nature of these spaces
results in an ideal balance between the
need to condition spaces for passenger
comfort, the opportunity to reduce capital
Concourses, lounges and security

areas are also a valuable asset to the
station operator. This is often where
the travelling passenger spends
most of their time opportunities
for marketing, retail and concessions
should be exploited. These are often
large voids, and whilst these spaces
can be impressive and memorable
they can also require careful treatment.
26
fIRST cLASS
and operational expenditure and the

desire to employ truly innovative, yet
reliable, proven design.
SMART Rail / ICT
The public and private sector are seeing
the opportunity to capture and manage
data relating to the way in which a railway
and its links and hubs operate as a way
to greatly increase the efficient use and
management of increasingly scarce and
costly resources, ensuring that physical
and intellectual capital is used effectively
to improve the quality of life for rail users.
The way forward relies upon deployment
of applied sciences and improved
Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT), integration of smart
grids and the development of machine to
machine technologies. With appropriate
engineering skill and experience modern
physical infrastructure networks can be
additionally enhanced to provide greater
functionality, a future economic edge
to the project and greater return on
investment for the various funders and
developers.
People Movement
Our specialists create optimised design
solutions by examining every aspect of
station design, from small stations to
international hubs. We study platform
width, stair, escalator and lift requirements,
ticket barriers, security X-ray units, ticket
machines and multimodal transport
links. Our designs are informed through
our observations of people and their
behaviours. Using what if scenarios
combined with our purpose built in-house

software we work closely with our clients
to analyse people movement. Modelling
allows us to rapidly create visualisations
that depict real world events
embarkation, disembarkation, emergency
evacuations, waiting, shopping, etc. Our
analysis highlights space performance,
health and safety issues and cost savings.
Adopting an integrated approach with
other disciplines we can create quality
rail environments that maximise footfall,
ease way-finding, increase retail revenue,
facilitate safe movement and minimise
running costs.
Inclusive Design
Rail environments can be complex; huge
thoroughfares that seem to move at a
quicker pace of life. For many people they
can be daunting, overwhelming places.
Our inclusive design consultants take a
birds eye view of the design providing
solutions that cater for everyone.
Passenger experience is at the forefront
of our thinking. By assessing layouts and
identifying congestion zones our experts
make sure that appropriate measures
including vertical transportation,
way-finding and places of rest are
designed in. This care is extended to the
back of house operations ensuring staff are
able to operate effectively and efficiently.
Our teams work closely with the design
team and rail operators to ensure that they
are compliant with civil rights and equality
legislation, integrating appropriate,

affordable measures that have people at
their heart.
Fire Engineering
Fire strategies for transport buildings often
need to incorporate innovative solutions
tailored to specific needs of the client
and end users. Using our expertise and
experience in fire safety design we offer
unique solutions which are not only cost
effective and efficient, but also provide a
high level of safety for occupants and staff.
Evacuation and people movement
modelling is used to verify escape designs
and help provide a bespoke and rational
solution. Fire and smoke modelling
allows us to ensure that occupants can
escape in tenable conditions. Structural
fire modelling ensures that a premature
collapse of a structure does not occur and
helps to achieve cost effective structural
fire resistance.
Our approach is to provide a detailed
service and to ensure that the fire strategy
is fully integrated with the building
management regime. As part of this, we
provide comprehensive advice on fire
safety management and carry out risk
assessments for the completed building.
Security
Innovation through environmental design
allows us to enhance the public safety and
security of major rail hubs and transport
interchanges. Typically we adopt a layered

approach that integrates with other
services. Key to the safety and security
of these spaces is the prevention and
reduction of the impact of catastrophic
threats such as terrorist activity and blast,
and hostile vehicles entering crowded
spaces. We work with the architect and
utilise a combination of both architectural
and type tested anti terrorist measures
to achieve both a blast standoff and
afford protection to the public massing
spaces. Our close involvement with
technological advances in this area has
led to increasingly less costly and intrusive
solutions being deployed on our projects.
Additionally, the spatial gain afforded by
these measures can, with careful design,
lead to a less costly but blast resilient
facade solution.
Utilising IP Surveillance systems for major
interchange projects with megapixel CCTV
technology provides clearer and well
defined Image, facilitating the reduction
of multiple camera locations. This, coupled
with the IP streaming technology, has
allowed a common approach to security.
Close liaison with the National
Security Agencies allows us to provide
appropriate designs that meet the needs
of interchange operators. This close
alignment gives us an early understanding
of the security needs and objectives
together with establishing the risk
appetite vs. cost balance.
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first class
first class
Avatars
EU Project on Rail Terminal Modelling
AVATARS is an ambitious project to
produce design guidelines and next
generation software tools that allow the
testing and validating of rail terminal
designs by using models to simulate the
circulation movements of passengers
within rail or metro stations.
BuroHappold has provided the valuable
design and simulation advice to the
consortium, including accurate data
capture and analysis, identification of
worst case scenarios, passenger surveys,
behavioural model development, and case
study definition and evaluation.
The evaluation of the developments is
carried out under a series of case studies,
developed throughout the project. These
take real world information from operating
terminals and trains and produce
complex, multi-event scenarios capable
of evaluating the abilities of the AVATARS
software.
The software will allow designers to

analyse the movements of people
during emergencies, as well as normal
embarkation, disembarkation, waiting
times, shopping and meeting onward
intermodal transport.
AVATARS will develop technology to allow
rapid generation and visualisation of
complex, real world scenarios to maximise
testing efficiency which will provide an
invaluable tool for designers, operators,
safety managers and regulators, as well as
providing a variety of commercial benefits.
Client EU Sixth Framework Programme
Consortium BMT Ltd, FSEG University of Greenwich,
FGC, Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya, ATM,
AUtoritat del Transport Metropolita, University of
Salford and BuroHappold Engineering
Images BuroHappold Engineering
POPLAR STATION
London, UK
Poplar Station is a major transport hub on the Docklands Light
Railway (DLR) in London. BuroHappold was appointed as MEP
and environmental engineer to conduct an options study and
assessment for the redevelopment of the station to improve the
facilities at Poplar and generally enhance the facilities provided for
passengers. A major part of the brief was to produce elements of
refurbishment that could then be installed across the DLR network
as a major part of the station refurbishments ahead of the London
2012 Olympics.
Due to the nature of the DLR as an elevated light railway, shelter
and environmental comfort were an important part of the study.
Proposals were developed as a part of the study to provide shade,
wind protection and a rain-screen that could be constructed
off-site and installed around an operational railway, during short,
overnight possession periods.
Sustainability was an important factor in the development,
and the proposals included integrated photovoltaics and wind
turbines. Despite becoming screened and covered, the platforms
also retained a high proportion of natural daylight.
A final key area of the study was to reduce the clutter on the
platforms by unifying platform fixtures and equipment into
common modules. These were developed into a family of
key components that could be provided as modular platform
furniture, incorporating security systems, lighting, rubbish bins,
signage, vending, driver aids, etc.
Client Docklands Light Railway
Architect Grimshaw
Images Grimshaw
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29
FIRST CLASS
FIRST CLASS
HARAMAIN HIGH SPEED RAILWAY

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
With a focus on improving passenger

experience, the people movement study
looked at all aspects of stations design,
including platform width, escalator and
lift requirements, ticket barriers, security
X-ray units, ticket machines, multimodal
transport links, etc. Conceptual design
decisions are driven by several whatif
scenarios and sensitivity analysis
against various design, operational and
population parameters.
Our fire strategies were developed in
parallel, using a template approval,
with similar areas of fire engineering
code compliance and calculation
methodologies. This greatly simplified the
complex approvals process, allowing a
technique or approach to be developed
and approved at conceptual level, and
then applied with confidence to all four
stations.
The environmental engineering of the
Haramain High Speed Rail Stations
overcame some significant design
challenges throughout the design process.
The building envelope was developed
with the architect to optimise daylight
while reducing solar gain, and was the
subject of extensive modelling to optimise
the form. Large overhangs reduce direct
sunlight into the space, whilst external
areas are shaded to improve thermal
comfort.
At the outset of the project, the brief
called for all platforms to be internal, with
sliding glass doors to the trains. Through
demonstration that for the short periods
30
of time that the passengers were on the

platform passenger comfort could be
maintained, BuroHappold was able to
deliver significant cost savings through
eliminating the enclosure to these spaces
in lieu of shading, permeable envelope
and passive cooling techniques.
While the terminus stations are located
inland in a hot and dry climate, the
through stations are in a more coastal
location, where the climate is still hot,
but with very high periods of humidity.
This led to very different approaches to
conditioning the internal environment,
whilst ensuring that the overall integration
with the architecture remained consistent.
Equally, the passenger numbers vary
greatly from station to station and even
across the working week, leading to
significant design challenges for the freshair systems.
Much attention was paid throughout
the design process to the integration
of the building services systems. All of
the ventilation and cooling in the main
concourses is contained within structural
voids and integrated into multi-service
totems and retain units.
Although the station brief did not call for
environmental certification, the client
and design team were focussed on the
reducing energy and water use within the
stations. In order to balance the quality
of the internal environment with energy
reduction, different environmental zones
were established with the degree of
cooling provided being tempered against
factors such as occupancy, dwell times,

relative comfort and independent factors
such as revenue.
Through an iterative process of reducing
energy requirement at source, reduction
of energy use through systems, and
environmental innovation, the station
teams were able to reduce the energy
consumption of the stations by around
40%. Proposals for the introduction of
on-site renewable energy could have
generated up to a fifth of the sites energy
usage, but these were not adopted for cost
reasons.
The fast-track nature of the Haramain High
Speed Railway design and construction
programme led to the development of a
modular approach to the station design
to gain economies of scale and repetition
both in the design and construction of
the four station buildings. Modularisation
enabled us to standardise the off-site
production of elements such as platforms,
roof structure and car parks and develop
a project with a construction value of 1.7
billion from brief to tender documents
within the fast-track schedule of 12
months.
Client Saudi Railways Organization (SRO) on behalf of
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) Government
Images dbox / Foster + Partners
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F irst class
F irst class
STRATHCLYDE PAR TNERSHIP FOR TRANSPOR T

Glasgow, UK
BuroHappold provided access consultancy
services to support the outline business
case for the modernisation of the Glasgow
Subway. Our extensive knowledge of
the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 as
well as a thorough understanding of the
specific implications for transport under
RVAR led to our appointment.
Having reviewed the current situation, our
team identified and outlined a high level
strategy on how SPT could progress. Our
consultancy led to the production of an
agreed problem statement that outlined
the current situation and compliance with

legislation. In conjunction with this we
developed and presented benchmarked
proposals including a prioritised Access
Strategy with associated costs and risk
register.
Our specialists undertook an Access
audit of all the SPT Stations and
commissioned an independent evaluation
on the feasibility of installing lifts into the
Glasgow Subway network as part of the
subway modernisation programme.
BuroHappold also supported a

consultation with disabled people.
Consultees included Scottish
Organisations representing visually
impaired people, SPT staff with visual
impairments and known users of the
subway.
Client Strathclyde Partnership for Transport
CARDIFF CENTRAL STATION

Cardiff, UK
BuroHappold people movement
consultants were appointed to support
Stride Treglown with significant
masterplanning work at Cardiff Station.
The objective of our work was to optimise
holistic pedestrian flows from the railway
station, integrating with the bus station
and vehicular and pedestrian access to
the Millennium Stadium and local venues.
Given the close proximity of the Cardiff
Railway Station to the 74,000 capacity
Millennium Stadium, major congestion
and operational management issues are
observed at the station entrance at the
end of a sports or music performance
32
at the stadium. The existing scenario

requires significant management of the
station operations and stewarding outside
the station due to non-optimal queue
positioning and conflicting flow directions.
influencing crowd control. This included

the position of street furniture and signage
to minimise pinch points on the routes, as
well as advice on construction phasing for
the adjacent development.
Starting with crowd flow surveys and

liaison with all key stakeholders, our work
informed the masterplan design as well
as the wayfinding, signage and queue
management during busy events. Using
detailed models of a range of crowd
flow scenarios we helped optimise the
queuing system, maximising the use of
the available space outside the station, as
well as providing advice on other factors
The work was done in conjunction

with the Cardiff City Council, the Police,
Network Rail, Aviva and representatives
from the Millennium Stadium.
Client Cardiff City Council
Architect Stride Treglown
33
OPTIMISING THE LAYOUT AND EFFICIENCY OF MULTI MODAL

INTERCHANGES AND MAXIMISING COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL
S TAT I O N
TO
S TAT I O N
34
Allied with increased urbanisation and growth in rail usage is the necessity and expectation for
greater integration of transport systems, often within existing congested urban space.
BuroHappold are market leaders at
providing quality multi-disciplinary
engineering design solutions for
interchange projects in the UK and
overseas, intelligently integrating
multiuse rail, bus and aviation users with
commercial retail aspirations and other
end users.
Images Pelli Clarke Pelli, Weston Williamson
Our diverse range of planning and

engineering design staff drawn from a
variety of transport sectors ensures we
deliver holistic building solutions that
increase operational space efficiency, as
well as passenger safety and comfort.
Multimodal transport stations often

need to make an iconic and elegant
statement within their urban setting and
our portfolio of world class sport, leisure,
cultural and civic projects underline our
credentials to deliver truly inspirational
buildings and surrounding spaces.
35
S tation to station
S tation to station
TRANSBAY TRANSIT CENTER

As a multimodal transit hub, the Transbay
Transit Center, situated in downtown
San Francisco, will serve as the terminus
for the future California High Speed Rail
Link, providing bus, rail, and light rail
systems throughout California. Alongside
transportation facilities, the Center will
house retail and entertainment functions
as well as a 5.4 acre rooftop park, servicing
an estimated 100,000 passengers per
weekday and 45 million passengers per
year. In addition, the project is estimated
to create in excess of 120,000 jobs.
The first phase of the project is to create

a new five-storey Transit Center with
one above grade bus level, groundfloor concourse and two below grade
rail levels. To regulate temperature and
achieve comfort conditions for 95% of
the year, natural ventilation was utilised
using automatic motorised windows in
the Grand Hall, along with a peak lopping
radiant floor which provides relief for
extreme temperature periods. Through
design of the roof deck, 100% day lighting
was achieved in the Grand Hall, while on
the Bus Deck level, 100% day lighting was
achieved using solar tubes that direct
sunlight down from the roof park. Fixed

openings on the facade, along with 14
de-stratification fans, provide natural
ventilation along with regulating carbon
monoxide from bus exhaust. To address
all aspects of water conservation, a
holistic water management system was
incorporated to store and reuse storm
water, as well as reduce total potable water
use in the Transit Center by half.
Client Transbay Joint Powers Authority
Architect Pelli Clarke Pelli
Image Pelli Clarke Pelli
DULLES AIRPOR T ME TROLINE

Washington D.C, USA
Working with di Domenico + Partners, BuroHappold is providing
structural engineering for the Dulles Corridor Metrorail project
by Dulles Transit Engineers. As an integral collaborative
team member, di Domenico + Partners is focusing on design
investigations and alternative concepts for prototypical
components of the new Metrorail design including the guideway,
stations, bridges and entries. Each of the new components is
designed, individually and as a connected whole, to reinforce a
distinct line identity for the new Metrorail with the Metro system.
As the alignment makes its way across the landscape of Northern
Virginia to Dulles International Airport, the tapered vertical
supports and open crossheads evoke the organic profile of a
graceful alley of trees. This conceptual branching of the above
ground structure will help to harmonise the form of the guideway
with the scenery of the natural landscape. Vertical support
elements act as frames through which some of the most attractive
and valuable real estate along the East Coast can be viewed. In
other locations in the Metro system, the standard, monumentally
scaled hammerhead is used to support the vertical alignment of
the Metrorail. The Dulles Corridor route is a high profile, stateof-the-art project which seeks to rethink this standard approach
to vertical alignment supports. The new aerial guideways have a
lighter, more open, tapering architectural language which more
easily integrates with station architecture and intrudes less upon
the surrounding landscape.
Client Dulles Transit Engineers
Architect di Domenico + Partners
Image Ryan Stavely / Flickr, di Domenico + Partners
36
37
S tation to station
S tation to station
AR TIC
Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal Center, Anaheim, CA, USA
HOK and BuroHappold Engineering are
designing this major new, iconic, transit
center in downtown Anaheim that will
form a hub for Californias future high
speed rail network, as well as for Amtrak,
commuter rail and other regional transit
lines.
The station will accommodate passenger
arrivals, departures and transfers with
supporting retail, restaurants and
passenger services within the building.
BuroHappold is providing mechanical,
electrical, and plumbing engineering as
well as sustainability and LEED consulting
services.
The grand hall of the facility features the
largest expanse of ETFE pillow in North
America to form a unique, dynamic
building envelope that responds to the
environmental conditions by adapting
the amount of daylight and solar gain that
enters the building. The project will form
38
the first LEED platinum transit centre in the

world by delivering:

30% energy savings including

photovoltaic renewable energy
A mixed mode (natural / mechanical),

displacement ventilation strategy,
combined with a radiant cooling floor
30% water savings through efficient

fixtures and greater than 50% water
saving through city water reclamation
for non-potable water needs.
Moreover, the 3D assets created will

provide great benefit to the selected
fabricators moving forward.
Energy savings of up to 20% above
ASHRAE 90.1 2007 are being targeted
within an additional 10% energy savings
from onsite renewable energy.
Client City of Anaheim and the Orange County
Transportation Authority (OCTA)
Architect HOK
Images HOK, Parsons Brinckerhoff
and BuroHappold Engineering
Our team is also providing facade

engineering and modelling for seven
different enclosure systems, including
60sq.ft of ETFE pillows. The precision
of these models will create a more
coordinated design and allow for more
accurate costing of the enclosure package
at the completion of design development.
39
S tation to station
S tation to station
KURSKIY R AILWAY STATION
SLOUGH BUS STATION
Moscow, Russia
Slough,UK
Kurskiy Station is one of Moscows major

stations and as a major interchange is
served by three Metro lines, a mainline
terminus and an intercity through station.
It experiences over 200,000 passenger
movements during the peak hour. The
client owns a significant landholding
around the station, and wishes to optimise
performance of the interchange, whilst
also developing the surrounding land
to capitalise on the people movements
through the area.
BuroHappold has worked closely with the
client and Weston Williamson to develop a
conceptual design which greatly enhances
interchange capacity and passenger
comfort. This is done through creating a
40
very simple movement diagram around

which the design has been developed.
Our design also provides opportunities
for about 120,000m2 of commercial
development to serve and capitalise on
the high number of passenger movements
through the interchange.
The concept envisages the creation of a
new passenger concourse directly over the
mainline platforms. This in turn connects
to the local rail and three Metro stations,
allowing the existing station land to be
released for Transit Oriented Development.
In addition to this, the new station creates
an opportunity for connecting land to
either side of the railway to support wider
area regeneration.
Some particular highlights of our

contribution to the project are:
Development of a new public transport
hub with associated Transit Oriented
Development
Extensive engagement with RZD in the
consultation process
People flow modelling to inform
changes to the station
Economic analysis to inform the land
use and investment plans.
Client RZD (Russian Railways)
Architect Weston Williamson
Image Weston Williamson
Long reviled as uninspiring,

overdeveloped and industrial, central
Slough is undergoing a massive 400
million regeneration programme. We have
been involved with a series of projects
which will form the new Heart of Slough
development, replacing a number of
outdated buildings, an unpopular bus
station and a pedestrian interchange
below ground in the centre of a main
roundabout with new commercial and
civic facilities and a pedestrian friendly
roadway.
The first of the projects to be completed
is Slough Bus Station, described as a silver
dolphin and waves of light, the iconic
new facility links with the nearby train
station to create a unified transport hub

which forms the first part of a pleasant and
safe route between the train station and
the town centre which was more than a
functional civic building, providing shelter
to waiting passengers and a stopping
point for busses, but a piece of public art.
One of the key challenges for our
engineering team was to turn the
architects vision of a wave-shaped
building in to a reality, creating a roof that
only touches the ground in two places
60m apart. The curved roof was made
possible by creating a pair of long span
undulating trusses which were, although
elegant in their own right, fully clad to
create the final form of the canopy.
The building has been clad in aluminium

panels to create a softly textured metallic
surface which changes colour with the
varying light conditions and allowed the
complex form to be achieved in a cost
effective manner. The canopy is designed
to be extended to twice its current
length when the overall Heart of Slough
development is completed.
Client Slough Borough Council
Architect bblur architecture
Images Spacehub and bblur architecture
41
EFFEC TIVE DELIVERY THROUGH INTEGRATION OF DESIGN

AND STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT
A R R I VA L
ON
TIME
42
From planning through to construction, providing delivery assurance to our clients is our core
business. Our projects demonstrate our successful experience at multi-stakeholder engagement
in a myriad of environmentally sensitive and challenging projects, creating win-win solutions.
We recognise the critical importance of
fully justifiable design decisions that can
stand against detailed scrutiny within
the planning and approval process.
Careful integration of core and specialist
engineering services is second nature to
our people. As leading edge practitioners
of engineering technology tools such as
BIM / GIS and Finite Element modelling,
we also understand the key benefits such
tools bring under the right circumstances.
We have worked with a number of major
contractors providing design and build
engineering services on rail related
projects, particularly in relation to rail
buildings, bridges and underground
stations, tunnels and shafts. We believe
in partnering in the truest sense, often
working in co-located design and
construct teams to provide rigorous, value
engineered and well built solutions, on
time and programme.
Images BuroHappold Engineering, Westfield
Link Up Approved
Modular Construction
We are fully conversant with UK and

International rail related standards
and approval procedures, and are fully
accredited within the Achilles Link Up
scheme.
As the demand for hotels, office and retail

space increases around the rail environs,
fast-track construction programmes are
becoming more and more common.
Escalating site costs, combined with
ever higher quality mean that modular
construction and other non-traditional
methods of construction will become
more important for the rail construction
industry and are a cost and time effective
solution.
BIM
BIM has become routine for our teams in
terms of our own information production
and full collaboration with our design
partners. Integration of the design has
realised major benefits for us in terms of
the efficiency of the design process and
cost and time models allow decisions to
be made earlier in the process with greater
accuracy. Design options can be more
accurately assessed and appraised at a
stage when less work is required so that
detailed design is carried out on a scheme
that has greater cost and design certainty.
Programme data can take any form that
the construction team want to portray
including data on design, procurement,
fabrication, delivery and construction
dates.
For many years BuroHappold has also

developed prefabricated multipurpose
room units with Verbus Modular systems
that can be fixed together quickly, easily
and uniformly. These self-supporting, steel
monocoque modules can be joined in a
number of configurations to suit individual
schemes, thus offering a high degree of
flexibility and affordability. The modules
can be stacked to at least 16 storeys high
without the need for special modification
and come with modular staircases, lift
shafts, integrated risers and bathrooms
and standardised wiring.
43
A rrival on time
A rrival on time
STRATFORD TOWN CENTRE LINK
XRL WEST KOWLOON TERMINUS
London, UK
Hong Kong
The Stratford Town Centre Link is a

landmark structure forming the gateway
to the Stratford City development in East
London.
The bridge crosses eleven railway lines
including Network Rail and London
Underground as well as the platforms
of Stratford Regional Station. Notable
for its striking design the link combines
exceptional standards of construction
alongside an ingenious method of
installation culminating in the UKs
first known live bridge launch over an
operational station.
Care was taken in the bridge detailing in

order to produce a design whose aesthetic
qualities were intrinsic to the structure.
railway possession or station closure, thus

avoiding disruption and inconvenience to
passengers.
A launching nose and tail frame were

installed and the first 48m section of the
bridge was slid into position using strand
jacks to pull the rear of the assembly
forward and low-friction skates to support
the bottom chords of the trusses. This
technique meant the railway authorities
had developed sufficient confidence
in the project teams competency and
the careful planning of the operation to
permit work to be carried out without a
Delivered on time and within budget the

client, Local Authority and Network Rail
are delighted with the bridge.
Client Westfield Shopping Towns
The XRL West Kowloon Terminus in Hong Kong is one of a number

of rail related BIM projects we have delivered recently. The 200m
long roof was completely designed and documented in 3D using
protocols established between the architectural and structural
engineering teams. Key architectural parameters were formalised
early in the process and then used as the basis for parametric
modelling of both the cladding and steelwork. The establishment
of these parameters allowed the architectural form to develop
while enabling the structural solutions to be progressed without
significant abortive work.
Client MTR Corporation Limited
Architect Aedas
Griffith House
London, UK
As part of an extensive upgrade, London Underground have
commissioned a large new substation building to supply power
to the improved rolling stock on the Metropolitan, Circle, District
and Hammersmith and City Lines. The Bulk Supply Point at Griffith
House, a congested central London site, will be home to hundreds
of tonnes of transformers designed to improve the connection
between the Underground and the National Grid.
BuroHappold is providing engineering design services to
contractor BAM Nuttall and within a site surrounded by live
tracks, a major road, a bridge and an occupied building, creating
the right structure for this site was vital and to capitalise on the
available space. With this in mind our team selected a sheet
piling system for the retaining structure and an innovative fibre
reinforced concrete to provide both the four hour fire protection
and waterproofing integrity, clearing more space inside the
building, speeding up construction and saving the client money.
Operational requirements meant that we had to adhere to
an incredibly tight live load deflection limit of 1mm. With five
transformers weighing up to 140 tonnes each inside the building,
this was no easy task. By using large slabs and beams across all
the floors and creating a forest of columns in the lower basement,
where the switchgears and cables are routed, we were able to
achieve this target whilst still making the best use of the available
space.
London Underground had already commissioned a Conceptual
Design Statement from another consultant when we were
appointed for this project. By reviewing and updating this we
were able to both improve and ease the construction sequence
for the site and retaining structure, resulting in a faster build.
Nestled between Edgware Road station and Chapel Street, the
Bulk Supply Point in the west of London is a perfect example of
an ingenious solution to a constrained site. When finished, it will
provide power to the upgraded tube lines for years to come.
Client ABB / BAM Nuttall Ltd
44
45
As well as reviewing the contractor design elements of the

project, we have carried out a design review of the whole
project to advise the contractor on the detail of the design,
package scopes, areas of complexity and risk, opportunities
for value engineering or tender alternatives through
buildability workshops and engaging with potential package
subcontractors.
Client Hochtief
Image BuroHappold Engineering / Robert Greshoff
KINGS CROSS
REDE VELOPMENT
London, UK
BuroHappold acted as temporary works designers for
Scanmoor Ltd, who were employed by Costain / Taylor
Woodrow JV, at the Kings Cross redevelopment site in
London. This work involved the temporary works design for
two deep excavations associated with the enabling works
for the enlarged underground ticket hall. One shaft was
7m deep, located in a congested area of the site and to be
excavated immediately adjacent to both a new Thames Water
manhole and the existing Thameslink Tunnel. The second
shaft was 5m deep.
In both cases the solution involved phased construction
utilising proprietary sheeting and propping systems.
Services provided by BuroHappold included design of
support system, submissions and approvals from Network
Rail (then Railtrack) and London Underground, Formwork
and Falsework design for permanent concrete works,
advice on reinforcing requirements, and response to client
requirements for buildability.
Client Scanmoor on behalf of Costain / Taylor Woodrow JV
Image Paul Hudson, Flickr
46
experience
and comfort
Passenger
capacity High
Speed Rail
and elegant
iconic gateways
XRL West Kowloon Terminus Hong Kong
Assured
delivery
BuroHappold is providing tender stage design support to

one of the shortlisted contractors who are tendering for the
construction of this new build surface level station. The scope
of our design support is structural engineering, geotechnical
engineering, building services engineering and bridge
engineering as well as overseeing the station architecture
through a nominated subconsultant.
Haramain High Speed Railway KSA
Interchange
London, UK
Enhancing
CUSTOM HOUSE
CROSSR AIL STATION
A rrival on time
Unlocking sites,
creating
space and
driving
economic
regeneration
A rrival on time
Dresden Main Station Germany
Stuttgart 21 Main Station Germany
Heuston Station Ireland
Connolly Station Ireland
Transbay Transit Center USA
Anaheim Intermodal USA
Dulles Airport Metroline USA
Northern Line Extension UK
HS1 Framework UK
Union Station Masterplan USA
Kurskiy Station Masterplan Russia
The High Line USA
Hounslow East Station UK
Crossrail Whitechapel Station OSD UK
Stratford Town Centre Link UK
Stratford Bridges 2 and 3 UK
Emirates Stadium Bridges UK
Denmark Place / Tottenham Court Road Station UK
CTRL Tenders 103, 105 and 320 UK
Griffith House Bulk Supply Point UK
Crossrail Custom House Station Tender UK
AVATARS EU Project on Rail Terminal Modelling
Glasgow Airport Rail Link UK
Birmingham Airport Multimodal Interchange UK
Kings Cross Redevelopment UK
Lea Interchange Railway Sidings UK
Telstar House / Crossrail UK
Slough Bus Station UK
Poplar Station UK
Cardiff Central Station UK
Taunton Station UK
Copenhagen Underground Metro Denmark
Docklands Light Railway Passenger Forecasting UK
CTRL St Pancras International Station UK
Norreport Station Denmark

Dworzec Wileski - Warsaw Metro Station Poland
47
S ervices
project index
SER VICES
INTEGRATED MULTI-DISCIPLINARY ENGINEERING
INDEX
BuroHappold delivers world-class engineering consultancy across a range of disciplines spanning

buildings, infrastructure, environment, and project management. We combine creativity with solid
technical skills and an awareness of the key drivers that shape projects in the rail interchange sector.
Featured Project
Our technical skills provide design

solutions for:

New above or below ground station
building, planning and engineering
design

Restoration and extension of existing

station buildings
Rehabilitation and remediation of

railway land
Strategic planning within and around

stations, including business case,
socio-economic impact, phasing,
cost-benefit analysis, masterplanning
and EIA
Infrastructure design, including

bridges, viaducts, tunnels and
shafts, highways, depots and freight
terminals
Passenger comfort and operations
Transport planning
Energy and utility provision.
Our technical experts can deliver

services for planning to construction:
PLANNING
DESIGN AND DELIVERY
Transport planning including access,

parking and drop-off zones, multimodal
interchange
Masterplanning / urban development
Structural engineering
Civil engineering
Building services
Geotechnical and geoenvironmental
engineering
Energy and utilities engineering
Bridge engineering
Facade engineering
BIM / 3D visualisation
EIA
Energy and utilities
Strategic planning and determination of
uses
Infrastructure planning
Asset strategy
Economic and Social Impact Assessment
Economic strategy and regeneration
strategy
Business modelling
Project stakeholder and interface
management
Waste management and logistics
Sustainability
PASSENGER COMFORT AND OPERATIONS

Security
People movement
Fire engineering
ICT / AV
DDA / Inclusive design
Acoustics
Lighting
Asset management
Building environment and CFD
B U R O H A P P O L D O N rail interchange
Anaheim Regional 38
Transportation
Intermodal Center
Anaheim, CA, USA
AVATARS 28
EU Project on Rail
Terminal Modelling
Cardiff Central Station 33
UK
Copenhagen 20
Underground Metro
Copenhagen, Denmark
Custom House Crossrail Station 46
London, UK
Dresden Main Station 22
Germany
Dulles Airport Metroline 36
Washington, D.C, USA
Griffith House 45
London, UK
Dresden Main Station, Dresden, Germany

Image BuroHappold Engineering / Adam Wilson
48
Page
Featured Project
Page
Lea Interchange 15
Railway Sidings
London, UK
Lewisham Extension
Docklands
Light Railway (DLR)
London, UK
23
LUL Northern Line Extension 13

to Battersea
London, UK
Poplar Station 29
London, UK
Sainsburys Whitechapel 15
London, UK
Slough Bus Station 41
UK
St Giles Circus 12
London, UK
Stratford Town Centre Link 44
London, UK
Haramain High Speed Railway 18, 31

KSA
Strathclyde Partnership 32
for Transport
Glasgow, UK
Heuston Station 18
Dublin, Ireland
Stuttgart 21 Main Station 11

Germany
The High Line 10

New York, NY, USA
Transbay Transit Center 37

Kings Cross Redevelopment 46

London, UK
Union Station Masterplan 14

Los Angeles, CA, USA
Kurskiy Railway Station 40

Moscow, Russia
XRL West Kowloon Terminus

Hong Kong
21, 45
49
BuroHappold Engineering is an independent, international engineering firm

with a reputation, built up over the last 40 years, for delivering creative, value led
building and city solutions for an ever changing world.
Al Faisaliah, Riyadh, KSA

Architect: Foster + Partners
Image: BuroHappold Engineering / Joe Poon
Described by our clients as passionate,

innovative, collaborative, magic, our
global community of driven, world leading
engineering professionals based in offices
across Europe, America, China, India and
the Middle East deliver elegant solutions
for buildings and cities that address the
major problems facing societies today:
resource shortage, climate change,
increasing urbanisation and its associated
effects.
Using integrated approaches that aim
to create innovative, holistic and flexible
solutions we work closely with a diverse
range of celebrated experts: architects,
economists, academics, visionaries, to
define, develop and deliver strategic,
people focused outcomes. These strong
relationships provide us with additional
insight and perspectives that ensure the
solutions we find can more effectively
bridge science with society. Our work
culture drives the can-do attitude our
clients have come to expect of us,
and ever since its inception, the World
Architecture 100 poll has consistently
voted BuroHappold as one of the very best
engineering organisations to work with.
BuroHappold works alongside some
of the worlds most respected and
influential international organisations.
We have advised and acted for the United
50
Nations, the World Bank and UNESCO

in their endeavours to alleviate poverty
and provide new thinking to solve old
problems and have worked in support
of a wide range of significant public
and private sector clients across the full
portfolio of our services.
Our people have skills that straddle a wide
diversity of expertise and specialities:
technical experts who can turn their
hand to all the traditional engineering
disciplines, as well as integrators who
can bring people together to lead and
communicate holistic solutions such as
frameworks for revitalising failing cities
and pioneering master plans for emerging
cities: people-flow specialists who can
move a million people across the desert
with ease: innovators who engineer
facades that absorb pollution or create
acoustic venues overnight from rope,
wood and sheer hard work. We employ
economists and planners who can help to
create flexible strategies, specialists whose
skills range from water management
through to material science, and serial
innovators who help us to find our unique
solutions to our clients unique problems.
Our team is deliberately broad based.
We have a reputation for embracing the
difficult and our teams tackle complex
issues head on. But we dont just look for
straight forward answers; we question,

investigate and challenge our clients
to look wider than the immediate
space of their projects, helping them
to understand and address social,
financial and environmental impacts
as well as the obvious technical ones.
Our innovative thinking has delivered a
plethora of benefits for our clients that
can in turn deliver higher than expected
returns on their investments including
happier, greater occupant productivity,
increased energy savings and reduced
material usage to name but a few. Our
thinking has also delivered advantages
with a far wider influence; award winning
buildings catalysing broader sustainable
regeneration, increased people flow
resulting in new retail and residential
opportunities and smart strategies
attracting new sustainable investment.
At BuroHappold we believe in harnessing
the special magic of our peoples
engineering minds; it is this combination
of ingenuity and bravery that is helping
us create a future that is solution-led, not
problem driven and is in turn helping us to
reclaim Engineering and to showcase what
the very best that we can offer can really
achieve.
51
BUROHAPOLD ON
RAIL INTERCHANGE
Justin Phillips
Rail Interchange Sector Director
Tel: +44 (0)1225 320 600
Email: justin.phillips@burohappold.com
w w w.burohappold.com
Front cover image
Copyright Fuyu Liu, 2012. Used under license from Shutterstock.com
Copyright 1976-2014 BuroHappold Engineering. All Rights Reserved
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BUROHAPOLD ON

BuroHappold Engineering is actively engaged in creating quality

As an international practice we are

This none so as apparent in the rail sector.

BUROHAPPOLD ON RAIL INTERCHANGE

XRL West Kowloon Terminus, Hong Kong

authorities and contractors providing

Anaheim Regional Transportation Intermodal

Our project portfolio includes masterplanning development

Enhancing capacity High Speed Rail, light and heavy rail,

LUL Northern Line Extension

Stratford Town Centre Link

Transbay Transit Center

Haramain High Speed Railway

Stuttgart 21, Main Station

Dresden Main Station

The High Line

Slough Bus Station

Kurskiy Railway Station

A snapshot of our work in rail interchange

BUROHAPPOLD ON RAIL INTERCHANGE

THE KEY ISSUES

MIND THE GAP

Unlocking sites, creating

Increasing capacity: design

Optimising the layout and

Effective delivery through

burohappold on rail interchange

UNLOCKING SITES, CREATING SPACE

BUROHAPPOLD ON RAIL INTERCHANGE

impact of rail infrastructure. We can

Our project portfolio highlights the areas

The high line

STUT TGAR T 21 MAIN STATION

granted the concession and build

Assimilating independent foundations

In return for London Underground

greater access to the site. This reduced the

LUL NOR THERN LINE EX TENSION

BUROHAPPOLD ON RAIL INTERCHANGE

on surrounding buildings and

component in delivering a fully justifiable

UNION STATION MASTERPLAN

BuroHappold supported four of the

Sustainability encompasses all of these

These programmes were developed with a view to minimising

BUROHAPPOLD ON RAIL INTERCHANGE

CAPACIT Y BUILDING THROUGH STATEMENT ARCHITEC TURE

BUROHAPPOLD ON RAIL INTERCHANGE

There is also a need to increase capacity

aim to strike a balance between sensitive

New methods of funding and

Whatever the requirement, BuroHappold

Images BuroHappold Engineering, Adam Wilson, Aedas, dbox / Foster + Partners

mIND THE GAP

beams. In order to achieve this, extensive

The new roof design makes efficient

New steel trusses to support the roof

The design brief required the retention

Engine exhaust fumes are naturally

HAR AMAIN HIGH SPEED RAILWAY

BuroHappold and the team challenged

BUROHAPPOLD ON RAIL INTERCHANGE