Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
2m
2m
2m
B
2m
A
L Shaped Footing
a) Point A;
2m
a
4m
1
2
z = q.Ir
By the use of the Figure 1.6 in Lecture Notes, page 1-8;
z=4m
mz = 4
m = 4/4 = 1
Ir = 0.12
nz = 2
n = 2/4 = 0.5
z=4m
mz = 2
m = 2/4 = 0.5
nz = 2
n = 2/4 = 0.5
Ir = 0.085
b) Point B;
2m
2m
m = n = 2/4 = 0.5
z = 300 (3 x 0.085)
= 76.5 kPa
Ir = 0.085
Composite footing
2m
5m
2m
2m
2m
b
1.5 m
2m
h
1.5 m
g
mz = 4
nz = 3.5
m = 4 / 3 = 1.33
n = 3.5 / 3 = 1.17
Ir = 0.195
m = 3.5 / 3 = 1.17
n = 2 / 3 = 0.67
Ir = 0.151
m = 2 / 3 = 0.67
n = 1.5 / 3 = 0.5
Ir = 0.105
m = 4 / 3 = 1.33
n = 1.5 / 3 = 0.5
Ir = 0.133
m = n = 2 / 3 = 0.67
z = Ir
= 420 [ Ir 1 + Ir 2 + Ir 3 + Ir 4 - Ir 5 ]
= 420 [ 0.195 + 0.151 + 0.105 + 0.133 0.117 ]
z = 196.14 kPa
Ir = 0.117
P. 3) IMMEDIATE SETTLEMENT
A foundation 4
depth of 1.5 m in a layer of clay 5 m thick for which the value of Eu is 45 MN/m2. The
layer is underlain by a second layer, 10 m thick, for which the value of Eu is 80 MN/m2.
A hard stratum lies below the second layer. Determine the average immediate settlement
under the foundation.
q = 200 kN/m2
1.5 m
2m
Eu = 45 MN/m2
3.5 m
Eu = 80 MN/m2
10 m
Hard stratum
S i = 0 1
qB
Eu
q
B is the smaller dimension !
D
H
We obtain,
0 from D / B
1 from H / B and L / B
Hard stratum
D / B = 1.5 / 2 = 0.75
L/B=4/2=2
H / B = 3.5 / 2 = 1.75
L/B=4/2=2
H = 3.5 m
S i 1 = 0 1
Hard stratum
1 = 0.65
qB
(200) 2
= (0.95) (0.65)
= 5.49mm
Eu
45
1 = 0.9
Eu = 80 MPa
S i 2 = 0 1
H = 13.5 m
qB
(200) 2
= (0.95) (0.9)
= 4.28mm
Eu
80
Hard stratum
H / B = 3.5 / 2 = 1.75
L/B=4/2=2
Eu = 80 MPa
H = 3.5 m
S i 3 = 0 1
Hard stratum
1 = 0.65
qB
(200) 2
= (0.95) (0.65)
= 3.08mm
Eu
80
Using the principle of superposition, the settlement of the foundation is given by;
S i = S i 1 + S i 2 - Si 3
Si = 5.49 + 4.28 3.08
Si = 6.69 mm
P. 4) SCHMERTMAN
A soil profile consists of deep, loose to medium dense sand (dry = 16 kN/m3 , sat = 18
kN/m3). The ground water level is at 4 m depth. A 3.5m x 3.5m square footing rests at 3m
depth. The total (gross) load acting at the foundation level (footing weight + column
load + weight of soil or footing) is 2000 kN. Estimate the settlement of the footing 6
years after the construction using influence factor method (Schmertman, 1978).
End resistance values obtained from static cone penetration tests are;
Depth (m)
qc (kN/m2)
0.00 2.00
8000
2.00 - 4.75
10000
4.75 - 6.50
8000
6.50 12.00
12000
12.00 15.00
10000
Note that;
for square footing;
Es = 2.0 qc
Solution:
Si = C1 C2 qnet
Iz
z
E
C 1 = 1 0 .5 0
q net
'
C 2 = 1 + 0.2 log
t
0 .1
qgross = 2000 kN
4m
dry = 16 kN/m3
3m
q net =
20000
3x16 = 115.26 kPa
3 .5 x 3 .5
gross pressure.
o = 3x16 = 48 kPa
C 1 = 1 0 .5
48
= 0.792
115.26
C 2 = 1 + 0.2 log
6
= 1.356
0 .1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Iz
10000
4
z1
Layer 1
4.75
0.5B = 1.75m
8000
z2
Layer 2
6
6.5
z3
Layer 3
8
12000
z4
Layer 4
10
7
2B=2x3.5 = 7m
Width of foundation,
B=3.5m
12
10000
14
15
Es = 2.5 qc
Layer No
Depth(m)
z(m)
qc(kPa)
Es(kPa)
Iz
(Iz /Es) z
3.00-4.75
1.75
10.000
20.000
0.3
2.65x10-5
4.75-6.50
1.75
8.000
16.000
0.416
4.55x10-5
6.50-8.25
1.75
12.000
24.000
0.249
1.82x10-5
8.25-10.00
1.75
12.000
24.000
0.083
0.605x10-5
= 9.625x105
Si = (0.792) (1.356) (115.26) (9.625x10-5)
= 0.01191 m
Si = 11.91 mm