316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

DISCUSSION
For piping systems constructed with a minimum to a maximum 2-1/2
316L seamless pipe (A312). The physical dimensions and mechanical
properties are listed below:
Material:
Size:
Wall Thickness:
O.D.
Tensile Strength:
Yield Strength:

316L
2-1/2 Schedule 40 - 160
See Chart below
See Chart below
70,000 psi (ASTM A312)
25,000 psi (ASTM A312)

To satisfy the specification, the pipe must have a Working Pressure of at

least 3,000 psi and a have a minimum Burst Pressure of 12,000 psi. The
calculations below support the choice of pipe schedule shown in Table 1.
1)

Working Pressure Calculation

The calculation for Working Pressure is based on ANSI B31.1 and ANSI B31.3
(304.1.2)3a)(3b)(3c). The listed form of the equation in ANSI B31.1 2001, Section
3, par. 324(a) shown below solves for allowable pressure:
P =

2 x S x (tm C )
------------------D 2 x Y x (tm C )

(1)

Where:
P = Allowable Working Pressure (psi)
S = Allowable Working Stress (calculated below)
tm = Wall Thickness (87.5% of nominal wall thickness)
C = Allowance for corrosion and/or mechanical strength = .0015
Y = Coefficient for Temperature = .4 up to including 900F.
D = Outside diameter of pipe = 1.05 for
The Allowable Stress (S) is calculated from the lower of the two equations:
The lower value comes from equation (2), hence the Allowable Working Stress:
Yield x 2 25 ksi x 2
S = ------------ = ------------- = 16.7 ksi
3
3

(2)

Tensile
70 ksi
S = ----------- = ---------- = 23 ksi
3
3

S = 16.7 ksi = 16,700 psi

316L Pipe Sizing Calculations
-1-

(4)

(3)

316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

Part 2 Pipe (cont.)
Substituting the known values in Equation (1) for Schedule. 40 yields:

P =

2 x S x (t C )
------------------D 2 x Y x (t C )

P=

2 x 16,667 x (.113 x .875 .0015)

= ---------------------------------------------1.05 2 x .4 x (.113 x .875 - .0015)

3,339 psi for Stainless Sched. 40 Pipe

(5)

(6)

The working pressure for Schedule 40 Stainless Steel pipe is 3,339 psi
exceeding the requirement for 3,000 psi. Table 1 below lists the working pressures
for range of pipe sizes anticipated for the Olympus N-88 Rig.

Size
3/4"
3/4"
1"
1"
1"
11/4"
11/4"
11/4"
11/2"
11/2"
11/2"
2"
2"
2"
21/2"
21/2"
21/2"

TABLE1N88pipeSizeCalculationsbasedonAllowableStress

Dimensionsininches
Stress&Press."psi"
Allowable Allowable

Working
Corr. Temp. Working
87.5%
Wall
Outside

Pressure
Stress
Sched Diameter Thick. Nominal Allow. Coef.
40
80
40
80
160
40
80
160
40
80
160
40
80
160
40
80
160

1.05
1.05
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.9
1.9
1.9
2.375
2.375
2.375
2.875
2.875
2.875

0.113
0.154
0.133
0.179
0.25
0.14
0.191
0.25
0.145
0.2
0.281
0.154
0.218
0.344
0.203
0.276
0.375

0.099
0.135
0.116
0.157
0.219
0.123
0.167
0.219
0.127
0.175
0.246
0.135
0.191
0.301
0.178
0.242
0.328

0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015
0.0015

0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4

16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667
16,667

3339
4708
3144
4360
6374
2580
3614
4873
2322
3284
4779
1958
2837
4675
2147
2982
4166

For a 3,000 psi system, schedule 80 pipe is acceptable for all sizes except 2. The
2 pipe will require schedule 160.
316L Pipe Sizing Calculations
-2-

316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

Part 2 Pipe (cont.)
2)

Burst Pressure Calculation

The calculation for Burst Pressure is based on ANSI B31.1 and ANSI B31.3. The
listed form of the equation in ANSI B31.1 2001, Section 3, shown below solves for
burst pressure:
2xSxt
-----------D

P =

(1)

Where:
P = Burst Pressure
S = Tensile Stress = 70,000 psi
t = Wall Thickness = .113 inch
D = Outside diameter of pipe = 1.05 for
Substituting the known values in Equation (1) yields:

P =

2 x 70,000 x .113
-----------------------1.050

(2)

P =

15,067 psi

(3)

The burst pressure for Schedule 40 Stainless Steel pipe is 15,067 psi exceeding
the requirement for 12,000 psi. Table 2 shows the bursting pressure for the
pressure lines anticipated on the Olympus N-88.

TABLE2N88PipeSizeCalculationsbasedonBurstingPressure
DimensionsinInches
Outside
Diameter

Size Sched.

3/4"
80
1.05
1"
80
1.31
11/4"
80
1.66
11/2"
80
1.90
2"
160
2.375
21/2
160
2.875

Wall
Thickness

TensileStress
(psi)

0.154
0.179
0.191
0.200
0.344
0.375

70,000
70,000
70,000
70,000
70,000
70,000

316L Pipe Sizing Calculations

-3-

Bursting
Pressure

20533
19130
16108
14737
20278
18260

(psi)

316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

Part 2 Pipe (cont.)
Required Thickness for Bending Pipe

Lo

Li

Where possible, the pipe will be

bent in place of installing socket welded
90s or 45s. When pipe is bent along a
radius, the outer wall extends and the
inner wall compresses. The resultant is
a reduction in the wall thickness and
hence a reduction in the allowable
pressure of the pipe.
The following calculation
determines the reduction in wall
thickness based on the geometry. The
reduction is calculated. The calculations
are based on a bend radius of six (6)
times the diameter of the pipe. This is
an industry standard and the basis of
most hydraulic pipe bending machine
dies.

Ro=
6.5
D

3)

5D
5.
=
i

R=6D

O.D.

tm

A) Given Parameters
For Pipe, schedule 80
O.D. = Outer Diameter = 1.05
tm = Wall Thickness = .154
R = Center Radius of Pipe = 6 OD = 6.30
Ri = Inner Radius = 5.5 OD = 5.78
Ro = Outer Radius = 6.5 OD = 6.83
Li = Inner Length
Lo = Outer Length
B) Calculations
O.D. / 2
1.05 / 2
Elongation = ----------- = ------------ = 7.68%
Ro
6.83

(1)

2 x Ro x
2 x 6.83 x
Outer Length (L o) = --------------- = ----------------- = 10.715
4
4

(2)

2 x Ri x
2 x 5.78 x
Inner Length (L i) = --------------- = ----------------- = 9.071
4
4

(3)

316L Pipe Sizing Calculations

-4-

316L Pipe Sizing Calculations and Tables

Part 2 Pipe (cont.)
Li x tm
9.071 x .154
New Wall thickness = --------- = -------------------- = .130
10.715
Lo

(4)

Substituting the known values in Equation (1) yields:

P =

2 x S x (t C )
2 x 16,667 x (.130 x .875 .0015)
------------------- = ----------------------------------------------D 2 x Y x (t C ) 1.05 2 x .4 x (.130 x .875 - .0015)

P=

(5)

3,897 psi for Stainless Sched. 80 Pipe

(6)

The working pressure for Schedule 80 Stainless Steel pipe after bending
is 3,897 psi exceeding the requirement for 3,000 psi.

Size

3/4"40
3/4"80
1"40
1'80
1"160
11/4"40
11/4"80
11/4"160
11/2"40
11/2"80
11/2"160
2"40
2"80
2"160
21/2"160

TABLE3N88AllowablePressureforBending
Dimensionsininches

Center

Wall
Of
Inner
Outer
Inner
O.D. Thick. Radius Radius
Radius
Length

Outer
Length

New
Wall
Thick.

"psi"

Allowable
Pressure

1.05
1.05
1.31
1.31
1.31
1.66
1.66
1.66
1.90
1.90
1.90
2.38
2.38
2.38
2.88

10.72
10.72
13.37
13.37
13.37
16.94
16.94
16.94
19.39
19.39
19.39
24.24
24.24
24.24
29.39

0.096
0.130
0.113
0.152
0.212
0.119
0.162
0.212
0.123
0.169
0.238
0.130
0.185
0.291
0.317

2784
3909
2624
3626
5265
2159
3014
4047
1945
2742
3971
1642
2373
3887
3464

0.113
0.154
0.133
0.179
0.250
0.140
0.191
0.250
0.145
0.200
0.281
0.154
0.218
0.344
0.375

6.30
6.30
7.86
7.86
7.86
9.96
9.96
9.96
11.40
11.40
11.40
14.25
14.25
14.25
17.28

5.78
5.78
7.21
7.21
7.21
9.13
9.13
9.13
10.45
10.45
10.45
13.06
13.06
13.06
15.84

6.83
6.83
8.52
8.52
8.52
10.79
10.79
10.79
12.35
12.35
12.35
15.44
15.44
15.44
18.72

9.07
9.07
11.32
11.32
11.32
14.34
14.34
14.34
16.41
16.41
16.41
20.52
20.52
20.52
24.88

A reduction in pressure is encountered, but all pressure sizes stay above

3,000 psi.
316L Pipe Sizing Calculations
-5-