QA-RD7D

Section 1.

ISO: 9001/2000

Rev No.3
July 2006

S.I. Units Formula Sheet

Page 1 of 4

Filled-in Kill Sheet Exercises - Gauge Problem Actions.

Gauge Problem Exercises are constructed from a completed kill sheet filled-in with all relevant volume and pressure
calculations.
Each question is based on the strokes, pump rate, drill pipe and casing gauge readings at a specific point in time during
a well kill operation. Any one or a combination of these readings could indicate the action required. Options are shown
in the multiple-choice answers.
The casing and/or drill pipe pressures will only be relevant to the action if

The casing and/or drill pipe pressures given in the question are below the expected pressures, or
The casing and/or drill pipe pressures given in the question are 500 kPa or more above the expected pressures.

Section 2.

Calculation Formula.
Abbreviations Used in this Document
BHP
BOP
m3
m3/m
m3/min
m3/stroke
m
m/hr
m/min
LOT
MAASP
kg/m3
kPa
kPa/m
kPa/hr
SICP
SIDPP
SPM
TVD
0.00981

1.

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Bottom hole pressure

Blowout preventer
Cubic metre
Cubic metres per metre
Cubic metres per minute
Cubic metres per stroke
Metre
Metre per hour
Metre per minute
Leak-off Test
Maximum Allowable Annular Surface Pressure
Kilogram per cubic metre
KiloPascal (pressure)
KiloPascal per metre
KiloPascal per hour
Shut in Casing Pressure
Shut in Drill Pipe Pressure
Strokes per minute
True vertical depth
Constant factor

HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE (kPa)

Fluid Density (kg/m3 ) x 0.00981 x TVD (m)

2.

PRESSURE GRADIENT (kPa/m)

Fluid Density (kg/m3 ) x 0.00981

3.

3
DRILLING FLUID DENSITY (kg/m )

Pressure (kPa)
TVD (m) x 0.00981

4.

FORMATION PORE PRESSURE (kPa)

Hydrostatic Pressure in Drill String (kPa) + SIDPP (kPa)

International Well Control Forum
Inchbraoch House, South Quay Montrose, Angus DD10 9UA Scotland.

Tel: +44 1674 678120 Fax: +44 1674 678125

QA-RD7D
5.

ISO: 9001/2000

Rev No.3
July 2006

S.I. Units Formula Sheet

Page 2 of 4

PUMP OUTPUT (m3/min)

Pump Displacement (m3/stroke) x Pump Rate (SPM)

6.

ANNULAR VELOCITY (m/min)

3
Pump Output (m /min)
3
Annular Capacity (m /m)

7.

EQUIVALENT CIRCULATING DENSITY (kg/m3)

Annular Pressure Loss (kPa)
+ Fluid Density (kg/m3 )
TVD (m) x 0.00981

8.

DENSITY WITH TRIP MARGIN INCLUDED (kg/m3)

Safety Margin (kPa)
+ Fluid Density (kg/m3)
TVD (m) x 0.00981

9.

NEW PUMP PRESSURE WITH NEW PUMP RATE (kPa) approximate

2
New Pump Rate (SPM)
Old Pump Pressure (kPa) x

Old Pump Rate (SPM)

3
10. NEW PUMP PRESSURE WITH NEW FLUID DENSITY (kg/m ) approximate

Old Pump Pressure (kPa) x

New Fluid Density (kg/m3 )

Old Fluid Density (kg/m3 )

3
11. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE FLUID DENSITY (kg/m )

Surface LOT Pressure (kPa)

+ LOT Fluid Density (kg/m3 )
Shoe TVD (m) x 0.00981

12. MAASP (kPa)

Maximum Allowable Fluid Density (kg/m3 ) - Current Fluid Density (kg/m3 ) x 0.00981 x Shoe TVD (m)

13. KILL FLUID DENSITY (kg/m3)

SIDPP (kPa)
+ Original Fluid Density (kg/m3 )
TVD (m) x 0.00981

14. INITIAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE (kPa)

Kill Rate Circulating Pressure (kPa) + SIDPP (kPa)

15. FINAL CIRCULATING PRESSURE (kPa)

Kill Rate Circulating Pressure (kPa) x Kill Fluid Density (kg/m3 )

Original Fluid Density (kg/m3 )

International Well Control Forum

Inchbraoch House, South Quay Montrose, Angus DD10 9UA Scotland.

Tel: +44 1674 678120 Fax: +44 1674 678125

QA-RD7D

Rev No.3
July 2006

ISO: 9001/2000

S.I. Units Formula Sheet

Page 3 of 4

16. BARYTE REQUIRED TO INCREASE DRILLING FLUID DENSITY (kg/m3)

3

[Kill Fluid Density (kg/m ) - Original Drilling Fluid Density (kg/m )] x 4200
3

4200 - Kill Fluid Density (kg/m )

17. PERCOLATION RATE (m/hr)

Increase in Surface Pressure (kPa/hr)

Fluid Pressure Gradient (kPa/m)

18. GAS LAWS

P1 x V1 = P2 x V2

P2 =

P1 x V1
V2

V2 =

P1 x V1
P2

19. PRESSURE DROP PER METRE TRIPPING DRY PIPE (kPa/m)

Drilling Fluid Density (kg/m3 ) x 0.00981 x Metal Displacement (m3 /m)

Riser or Casing Capacity (m3 /m) - Metal Displacement (m3 /m)

20. PRESSURE DROP PER METRE TRIPPING WET PIPE (kPa/m)

3

Drilling Fluid Density (kg/m ) x 0.00981 x Closed End Displacement (m /m)

3

Riser or Casing Capacity (m /m) - Closed End Displacement (m /m)

21. LEVEL DROP PULLING REMAINING COLLARS OUT OF HOLE DRY (Metre)

Length of Tubulars (m) x Metal Displacement (m3 /m)

Riser or Casing Capacity (m3 /m)

22. LEVEL DROP PULLING REMAINING COLLARS OUT OF HOLE WET (Metre)

Length of Tubulars (m) x Closed End Displacement (m3 /m)

Riser or Casing Capacity (m3 /m)
23. LENGTH OF TUBULARS TO PULL DRY BEFORE OVERBALANCE IS LOST (Metre)

Overbalance (kPa) x [Riser or Casing Capacity (m3 /m) - Metal Displacement (m3 /m)]
Drilling Fluid Gradient (kPa/m) x Metal Displacement (m3 /m)

24. LENGTH OF TUBULARS TO PULL WET BEFORE OVERBALANCE IS LOST (Metre)

Overbalance (kPa) x [Riser or Casing Capacity (m3 /m) - Closed End Displacement (m3 /m)]
Drilling Fluid Gradient (kPa/m) x Closed End Displacement (m3 /m)

25. VOLUME TO BLEED OFF TO RESTORE BHP TO FORMATION PRESSURE (Cubic Metre)

Increase in Surface Pressure (kPa) x Influx Volume (m3 )

Formation Pressure (kPa) - Increase in Surface Pressure (kPa)

International Well Control Forum

Inchbraoch House, South Quay Montrose, Angus DD10 9UA Scotland.

Tel: +44 1674 678120 Fax: +44 1674 678125

QA-RD7D

ISO: 9001/2000

Rev No.3
July 2006

S.I. Units Formula Sheet

Page 4 of 4

26. SLUG VOLUME (Cubic Metre) FOR A GIVEN LENGTH OF DRY PIPE

Length of Dry Pipe (m) x Pipe Capacity (m3 /m) x Drilling Fluid Density (kg/m3 )
Slug Density (kg/m3 ) - Drilling Fluid Density (kg/m3 )

27. PIT GAIN DUE TO SLUG U-TUBING (Cubic Metre)

Slug Density (kg/m3 )

Slug Volume (m3 ) x

1
Drilling Fluid Density (kg/m3 )

3
28. RISER MARGIN (kg/m )

[Air Gap (m) + Water Depth (m)] x Fluid Density (kg/m3 ) - [Water Depth (m) x Sea Water Density (kg/m3 )]
TVD (m) - Air Gap (m) - Water Depth (m)

29. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE LOSS IF CASING FLOAT FAILS

Fluid Density (kg/m3 ) x 0.00981 x Casing Capacity (l/m) x Unfilled Casing Height (m)
Casing Capacity (l/m) + Annular Capacity (l/m)

International Well Control Forum

Inchbraoch House
South Quay
Montrose
Angus DD10 9UA, Scotland,

Tel: 44-1674-678120
Fax: 44-1674-678125
Email: admin@iwcf.org

Internet site URL; http://www.iwcf.org

Secretary-General: Michael J. Cummins,

The International Well Control Forum is a legally constituted non-profit making

organisation whose articles of association are bound by the laws of the Netherlands.
The Forum is registered at The Dutch Chamber of Commerce in The Hague, The
Netherlands, Reg. No. 41157732

International Well Control Forum

Inchbraoch House, South Quay Montrose, Angus DD10 9UA Scotland.

Tel: +44 1674 678120 Fax: +44 1674 678125