TEST INFORMATION DESCRIBING THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF

GOVERNMENT AND EDUCATIONAL

UNITED KINGDOM
ECONOMIC SYSTEM
The agricultural sector accounts for less than 1% of GDP, but very
productive. The country mainly produces potatoes, beets, wheat and barley.
Raising livestock (especially sheep and cattle) remains a very important
activity. The fishing sector is also well developed but is currently suffering a
decrease in the volume of fish in traditional fishing spots. The United Kingdom
has considerable mineral resources. Although in the past it was the tenth
largest oil producer, with large reserves of natural gas, its production is now
declining rapidly. Nevertheless, groups like BP and Shell are still among the
world leaders in the oil industry. The secondary sector is not very competitive.
The main activities are tool machinery, transport equipment and chemicals.
The sectors with great potential are the information and communications
technology, biotechnology, aerospace, defense and renewable energy. The
service sector, which employs about 80% of the workforce and accounts for
three quarters of GDP, is the driving force of the economy. London remains the
largest financial market in Europe, the same level as New York.

POLITIC SYSTEM
The UK is a democratic monarchy, unlike other regimes no written
constitution, that is, of a single political code and require special design and
reform process to determine the basic institutions of the state, its territorial
regime and rights and civil liberties.
Its constitutional model is based, first, on the so-called "statutory law"
(Statute Law), whose preparation is identical to ordinary and differ only laws,
and reach the character of constitutional, because of the material treated.
The monarch is the head of state, currently Queen Elizabeth II. Its functions
are merely representative, although different rules granted nominal powers
such as to declare war and make peace, international politics and be guardian
of constitutional norms and unity of the Kingdom. The Government or Cabinet
of His Majesty exercises executive power. Maintains originally provided Privy
Council advisory in practice complies with executive and administrative
leadership. It is headed by the prime minister. The British Parliament has
legislative power. It is based on a bicameral system, consisting of the House of
Commons and House of Lords

EDUCATION SYSTEM

PRIMARY EDUCATION (ages 5-11): Compulsory education begins at age five

and students move from grade 1 to grade 6, studying subjects like English,
Mathematics and Science.
SECONDARY EDUCATION (AGES 11-16): From the age of 11, students attend
high school. In grades 10 and 11, they are prepared for General Certificate of
Secondary Education (GCSE).
A-LEVELS IN A SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL (AGES 16-18): After getting the GCSE,
students may choose to continue their training in a vocational school or
continue with their academic studies with an additional two years to prepare
for tests called "A-levels". Students study three or four subjects, which are
normally associated with the first degree who wish to study in Unviersidad. The
results of these A-levels are crucial to college admission.
DEGREE (ages 18-21): College students in the UK are usually prepared to
complete a graduate degree in a unique specialization for 3 years. Entry
requirements for international students include English proficiency (minimum
IELTS 6.0 level) and an additional year of secondary education, known as preuniversity year, which is equivalent to grade 13
Masters, MBA or PhD (Age 21 +): A Master's or MBA usually lasts one year and
required exams and a thesis to graduate. Some specialized careers require the
completion of a doctoral or PhD program, which includes four or five years of
study and advanced research. For most of these programs, it requires that
international students have a university degree and English proficiency of at
least a level of 6.5 IELTS. In addition, MBA programs usually require a
minimum of two years of work experience.

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

ECONOMIC SYSTEM
United States has the world's largest economy. However, the country
experienced its worst recession since the 1930s, as a result of the financial
crisis of 2009. Thanks to a budget plan and long-range monetary stimulus, the
economy has recovered. In 2014, economic growth reached 2.2%.
The American economy is mainly based on services. The tertiary sector
accounts for more than three quarters of GDP and employs 81% of the
workforce.
The American agricultural sector is without doubt the most important in the
world. It is characterized by high productivity and by using modern technology.
The US is one of the leading producers of corn, soybeans, beef and cotton.
California generates more than 12% of the total agricultural production of the
country. However, agriculture represents only 1.3% of US GDP and employs
1.6% of the workforce.

USA is a highly industrialized country. The industrial sector represents 21% of

GDP and includes a variety of activities. The most important are the
manufacture of electrical and electronic machinery, chemical products and
industrial machinery, as well as the food industry and automotive. It is also a
world leader in aerospace and pharmaceutical industry.
POLITIC SYSTEM
The executive branch is headed by the President who, along with Vice
President is elected in national elections every four years (in years divisible by
four). The process of electing a president of the United States is unique. The
president proposes bills to Congress, enforces federal laws, is commander in
chief of the armed forces, and with the approval of the Senate, treaties made
and appoints federal judges, ambassadors and other members of the
secretariats of the executive (ministries of State, Defense, Commerce, Justice,
etc.). Each holder of a secretariat called the secretary and they all form a
council called cabinet.
The legislature consists of two chambers: the Senate and House of
Representatives. All 435 seats in the House of Representatives are distributed
based on population, although all states have at least one representative. Each
state elects two members of the 100 that make up the Senate: the term of
office of a senator is six years.
Both cameras must pass a bill for it to become law, but the president can
veto or refuse to sign it. In that case, Congress reconsiders the bill. If two
thirds of the members of both houses approve the bill becomes law, even
without the president's signature. The judiciary is composed of the federal
district court (at least one in each state), 11 federal courts of appeal and the
Supreme Court. Federal judges are appointed by the president with Senate
approval; to minimize political influence, appointments are for life.
EDUCATION SYSTEM
States and local school districts have retained control of the content of
curricula and teaching methods; in fact, the law
Federal prohibits the US government to interfere in these areas.
Broadly speaking, we can say that the US education system comprises 12 or
"degrees" from 1 to 12, previous education admission to higher education.
Grade 1 to 6, students attend primary; Grade 7 to 9, in secondary (equivalent
to "basic cycle"); from 10th to 12th, they enrolled the equivalent of high
school.
From the student completes the K-12 or primary and secondary education, you
can continue to tertiary education: vocational and/or technical (2 years),
professional and college (4 years). In turn, complete these (except technical)
allows you to enter graduate studies: Master (1 or 2 years) and PhD (3 years

minimum). At the end of the full cycle of professional studies and / or

doctorate, you can follow a program of postdoctoral (no time limit). After high
school (twelfth grade) American students can attend the "College" or the
University. College or "College" leading to obtain a Bachelor "Bachelor's
Degree". The bachelor's degree is known as undergraduate education
("Undergraduate"). Subsequent studies that title are known as postgraduate or
graduate education ("Postgraduate").

CANADA
ECONOMIC SYSTEM
After contracting as a result of the global recession, Canada's GDP growth
reached 1.6% in 2013 and 2.3% in 2014. The economy is benefiting from a
resilient banking system and the public debt is in the process of being
absorbed. Finally, inflation was higher than expected in 2014. Canada is a rich
country with a good quality of life. The unemployment rate, which increased
with the recession, has stabilized since 2013 (around 7%). However, the
country faces increasing wage inequality, and increasing labor disputes.
The services sector dominates the Canadian economy, accounting for two
thirds of GDP and employs over 75% of the workforce. The most dynamic
sectors are telecommunications, tourism, Internet (in most households used
the Internet regularly) and aeronautics.
The agricultural sector accounts for 1.5% of Canada's GDP and employs 2.4%
of the population. But the agriculture and agri-food system employs about two
million people and contributes to 8% of the national wealth. Canada is a major
exporter of agricultural products in the world, particularly wheat. It produces
10% of GM crops worldwide. Fishing is an important sector. Canada is a major
producer of minerals, particularly nickel, zinc and uranium. The country also
has large reserves of oil (third world reserves) and natural gas.
POLITIC SYSTEM
The British North Act (BNA Act) America, stated that Canada is a constitutional
monarchy whose sovereign monarch UK that currently is Queen Elizabeth II.
Canada is a federation, meaning that the powers are divided between a central
government (called the federal government) and 10 provincial governments:
British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New
Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland and Labrador.
Canada is a constitutional monarchy and a Commonwealth status with a
federal parliamentary system and a strong democratic tradition. Many of the
country's legislative practices derive from the unwritten practices and
precedents established by the parliament of Westminster in the UK.

The Canadian government system is inspired by British parliamentary system

and depends above all on the tradition. The federal Parliament consists of two
chambers:
The House of Commons (lower house), which brings together 308 deputies
elected.
The Senate (upper house) having 105 members, appointed by the prime
minister, who represent all regions of the country.
EDUCATION SYSTEM
Canada spends about 7% of its GDP on education. Canada's education system
places greater emphasis on learning and success in areas of need more basic
as language arts, mathematics and science, while subjects such as music,
visual arts and physical education minor charge, no them aside in the school
curriculum in any case. Most schools (67%) are mixed. Students in the
Canadian school system receive a variety of different kinds of materials. The
system is configured to meet the diverse needs of each student. Most Canadian
education systems continue through grade twelve (seventeen to eighteen
years of age).
Primary and secondary education combined are sometimes referred to as K-12
(kindergarten through grade 12). It notes that this structure may vary from
school to school and from province to province.
Education is compulsory up to 16 years in all Canadian provinces, except
Ontario and New Brunswick (where the compulsory age is 18)
University education in Canada is characterized by the rigorous method that
produces innovative thinkers, able to solve problems creatively.
In universities, particularly a valuable learning environment in quantity, quality
and professional skills for students is created. Within this framework of
learning, students receive techniques, tools and intellectual stimulation needed
to discover and develop their own professional identity.