Tu Ky High School

CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

A- Theory
Cã 3 lo¹i c©u ®iÒu kiÖn
I. C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i I
Ex: If he comes, I will go out
If students are late, they will be punished
Tõ nh÷ng vÝ dô trªn, ta cã thÓ rót ra mÉu c©u chung cña c©u ®iÒu kiÖn nh sau
If- clause Main clause
Simple present tense Simple future tense(will/ shall + Vinf

If he tries much more, he will improve his English.

If I have money, I will buy a new car.

THÓI QUEN (HABITUAL)

if + S + simple present tense … + simple present tense …

If the doctor has morning office hours, he visits every patiens in the affternoon.
I usually walk to school if I have enough time.

MỆNH LỆNH (COMMAND)

If + S + simple present tense … + command form of verb +

…

If you go to the Post Office, mail this letter for me.

Please call me if you hear anything from Jane.

§èi víi lo¹i c©u ®iÒu kiÖn nµy th× hiÖn t¹i ®¬n ®îc dïng trong mÖnh ®Ò “ if” vµ nã chØ hµnh ®éng cã
thÓ x¶y ra trong t¬ng lai . Trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh ta thưêng dïng th× t¬ng lai ®¬n víi “ will” vµ “ shall”
Ngoµi ra ta cã thÓ sö dông c¸c ®éng tõ h×nh th¸i nh “can” , “ought to” , “should”, “must”,
“may”............ trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh
If you need a ticket for the disco, you can get one cheap
II. C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i II
Ex: If I had money, I would buy a house
If you didn’t eat so many sweets, your teeth wouldn’t be decayed
Tõ nh÷ng vÝ dô trªn ta rót ra mÉu c©u ®iÌu kiÖn lo¹i II nh sau
If-clause Main-clause
Past tense Would + Vinf
C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i II diÔn t¶ kh¶ n¨ng kh«ng cã thùc ë hiÖn t¹i hoÆc t¬ng lai. MÖnh ®Ò víi If ®îc
dïng ë thêi qu¸ khø ®¬n, cßn mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh ®îc dïng víi cÊu tróc “ would +V inf”
Ngoµi ra ta cã thÓ sö dông “ could” hoÆc “ might” trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh
III. C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i III
Ex: If we had come, we would have met our old teacher
If she had taken her mother’s advice, she would’nt have been so unhappy
Tõ nh÷ng vÝ dô trªn ta rót ra cÊu tróc cña c©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i III nh sau
If-clause Main-clause
Past perfect tense( had +Ved/Vcét 3) Would have + Ved/Vcét 3
C©u ®iÒu kiÖn lo¹i III diÔn t¶ kh¶ n¨ng kh«ng x¶y ra trong qu¸ khø . Chóng ta dïng th× qu¸ khø hoµn
thµnh cho mÖnh ®Ò víi if cßn mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh ta dïng cÊu tróc “ would have + V-ed/ Vcét 3”

Designed by Phuong Mai

Tu Ky High School
Ngoµi ra ta cã thÓ sö dông cÊu tróc “could have + V-ed/ Vcét 3” hoÆc cÊu tróc “ might have + V-ed/
Vcét 3” trong mÖnh ®Ò chÝnh
B. Exercises
Exercise 1: Chän ®¸p ¸n phï hîp nhÊt trong sè A, B, C or D ®Ó hoµn thµnh nh÷ng c©u sau ®©y
1. If he-------- a millionaire, he would help a lot of children in the world
A. was B. were C. is D will
2. If it rains, I ----------- stay at home to read book
A. would B. am C. would have D. will
3. The girl told his friend if she had -------- him, he would have lent her his motorbike
A. ask B. asks C. asked D. asking
4. If she ---------------, she would trust him
A. understood B. understands C. understanding D. understanded
5. If he had worked harder , he------------------ passed the exam
A. would B. will C.would has D. would have
6. If the technology------------ available, we would be to expand the bussiness.
A. would become B. were become C. had becomeD. became
7. If the North Sea ------------- in winter, you could walk from London to Oslo
A. happened to freeze B. froze C. should freeze D . should happen to freeze
8. It would have been a much more serious accident------------ fast at the time
A. was she driving B. had she been driving C. if she had driven D. If she drove
9. If you ------------- to my advice in the first place, you would not be in the mess now
A. listen B. will listen C. had listen D. listened
10. I will give you a lift if it---------------
A. is raining B. rained C. will rain D. rains
11. If I------------- a more reliable car, I ---------- to Spain rather than fly
A. would have/ would drive B. had/ had driven C. had/would drive D. would have had/ would
drive
12. I--------- you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital
A. would have visited B. had visited C. visited D. visit
13. They couldn’t decide------------ it was worth re-sitting the exam
A. if B. whether C. if or not D. whether not
14. ------------ how difficult the job was, I might not have taken it
A. If I had known B . If I would know C. Did I know D. Had I known
15. I will go out -------------, of course it rains
A. if B. unless C. whether D. however
Exercise 2 : Chän c©u cã nghÜa tương đư¬ng víi c©u ®· cho s½n
16.“ If I had any money I would buy you a drink,” She said to me
A.She told me that if she had had money,she would have bought me a drink
B.She told me that if she had had money,she would have buy me a drink
C.She told me that if she had had money,she would has bought me a drink
D.She told me that if she had had money,she will buy me a drink
17.“If I catch the plane I will be home by five”
A.He said that if he catches the plane he will be home by five
B. He said that if he has caught the plane he would be home by five
C. He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five
D.He said that if he had caught the plane he would be home by five
18. “ If I were you , I would stop smoking”. She said to her brother
A. She advised her brother stop smoking
B. She advised her brother stopping smoking
C. She advise her brother to stop smoking
D. She advised her brother to stop smoking
19. “ If I don’t practise my English, I won’t get any better” She said
A.She said that if she doesn’t practise her English she will not get any better
B. She said that if she didn’t practise her English she would not get any better
C. She said that if she hadn’t practised her English she would not get any better
D.She said that if she has practised her English she would not get any better
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Tu Ky High School
20.Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson
A.If you didn’t stop talking, you would not understand the lesson
B. If you stop talking, you won’t understand the lesson
C. If you don’t stop talking, you won’t understand the lesson
D. If you had stopped talking, you would not understood the lesson
Exercise3: Chän ®¸p ¸n ®óng nhÊt ®Ó hoµn thµnh nh÷ng c©u sau ®©y
21. Like many other baby birds, ducklings are blind-------- birth
A. of B. at C. on D. from
22. Lack---------- food had stunted his growth
A.of B. in C.for D.on
23. Nigeria has a population-------------- nearly 100 million
A. about B.in C.of D.with
24. The rapid growth of population led to an acute------------ of housing
A.shortfall B.shortcut C.shortcoming D.shortage
25. The population of the world is growing at a dangerous ----------
A. amount B. rate C. figure D. way
26. One third of the world population ------------- two thirds of the world resources
A.drains B. absort C.consumes D. supports
27. Better health care and argriculture have led to rapid population------------
A.grow B.growing C.grown D. growth
28. Our school has managed to collect a lot of books to---------- to the children in a village school
A. published B.distribute C. employ D.depart
29. Her first novel has been -------------- acclaimed as a masterpiece
A. nation B. national C.international D. internationally
30. What will you do ------------ you are late for school
A. unless B. if C. however D. although
Exercise 4: Mçi c©u sau ®©y cã mét lçi sai h·y khoanh trßn
31.Jonh lived in Newyork since 1990 to 2000, but now he is living in Vietnam
A B C D
32. If he obeyed his teacher, he would have been punished
A B C D
33. If I have much money, I would buy a new house
A B C D
34. Because I don’t have free time enough, I can’t help my Mom
A B C D
35. You should stayed in bed if you don’t feel well
A B C D
36. If you will study harder, you will surely pass the coming exams with good result
A B C D
37. If we don’t stop to destroy forests, soon there will be no forests left on the earth
A B C D
38. If we will reduce the speed of population growth, there will be less pressure on the earth
A B C D
39. Unless we leave a bowl of water under the sun, it will evaporate
A B C D
40. If we cotinue to use fuels at the current rate, we would soon have to face a fuel crisis
A B C D
41. Men will continue to live on foods unless other types of protein are not found
A B C D
Exercise 5: Chon đáp án đúng cho mỗi câu sau đây
1. They would be rather offended if I -------------------- to see them
A. not go B. didn’t go C. go D. would go
2. If you exercised more, you---------------- better
A. would feel B. felt C. have felt D.feel
3. If I were offered the job, I think I ---------------- it
A. took B. taken C. would take D. have taken
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Tu Ky High School
4. I’m sure Amy will lend you the money, I’d be very surprised if she-----------------
A. refused B.refuses C. would refuse D. refusing
5. If I sold my car, I ------------------- much money for it
A. got B. will get C. gotten D. wouldn’t get
6. A lot of people would be out of work if the factory----------------------------
A. close down B. would close down C. closed down D. closing down
7. What would happen if I -----------------that red button
A. pressed B. will press C. would press D. press
8. Liz gave me this ring . She----------------- very upset if I lost it
A. was B. will be C. being D. would be
9. Mark and Carol are expecting us. They would be disappointed if we--------------------
A. don’t come B. won’t come C. didn’t come D. came
10. Would Tim mind if I ---------------- his bike without asking him ?
A. borrowed B. borrow C. borrowing D. will borrow
11. I somebody------------------- in here with a gun , I’d be very frightened
A. would walk B. walks C. walked D. walking
12. I am sure Tom ---------------------- if you explained the situation to her
A. understood B. will understand C. would understand D. understands
Exercise 6 :Match a line in A with a line in B to make a complete sentence:

A B
a.If I pass my driving test 1.will you pay for the meal?
b.You will learn E more easily if 2.we find somewhere to live
c.Will you give her these flowers 3.you study a little everyday
d.If they don’t give him the job, 4.you don’t water them
e.I’ll marry you as soon as 5.we’ll send them to you
f.Your plants won’t grow well if 6.I’ll buy a car
g.As soon as we get the ticket, 7.I don’t know what he’ll do
i. I’ll buy the champage, 8.when you see her?
Exercise 7 : put the word in brackets in the correct form with will or the present simple
1.If you ...........(eat) another cake, you .......be sick
2.You .............(fail ) your exam if you ................(not study) hard
3.What ...................you ..............(do) if you ...............(fail)?
4.Our children and grandchildren.............(suffer) if we.............(not look after) our planet
5.I....................(do) my homework as soon as this programme (finish)
6.When she (read) my letter, she....................(understand) my problems.
7.Where..............he ......................(stay) when he ..............(go ) to New york?
8.They .................(give) her the message as soon as she ............................(arrive)
Exercise 8: Put the verb in the brackets in to suitable tense. One example has been done for you.
Eg: If I were you, I would help him
1. If he ................(be) late, he will be punished.
2. I could have understand him if he ..................(speak) more slowly.
3. What.........................you (do) .............if you were a monkey.
4. He didn't listen to the teacher. If he........................(listen) carefully, he..............(perform) well in his
examination.
5. He is waiting for her mother to come back from Chicago. If his mother..............(come) home, he.............
(have) a lot of present.
6. Nick is a naughty boy and often makes fun of his friends. If he.............(start) a joke, someone ...................
(cry) bitterly.
7. He wanted to buy some Christmas presents for his children but he couldn't . If he..............(afford) to buy ,
he children.............(be) happy to greet a new year.
8. She is never willing to help poor people. If she...........(do) something, the earth...................(stop) moving.
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Tu Ky High School
Exercise 9: Put in the correct verb forms using the future possible condition.
1. The kitchen (look)...............better if we (have)..........red curtains.
2. I (be)........................sorry if we (not see)..................her again.
3. It (be) ........................a pity if Andy (not get)................the job.
4. If I (know) ..........................her address, I (go).......................round and see her.
5. What ........................(you do) if you (win)...............the lottery ?
6. It (be).....................quicker if you (use).....................a computer.
7. If you (not be).....................so busy, I (show)....................you how to play.
8. If we (have)...................some eggs, I (make).....................you a cake.
9. If you really (love).........................me , you (buy)............me those diamonds.
10. I am sure Moria (help)................you if you (ask).....................her.
11. If it (not be)..............................so cold, I (tidy) .......................up the garden.
12. If I (have).........................the keys, I (show ).........................you the cellar.
13. If I (have)...................children like hers, I (send)...............them to boarding school.
14. Where................(you go)...............if you (need) ...................to buy a picture frame ?
15. ............................(you mind) if I (go)....................first ?
16. If all of us (come)...........................(you have) ................room in your car ?
17. It (be).......................nice if you (spend)................some time with the children
18. I (not do)..................this if I (not have)........................to.
Exercise 10: Choose the correct verb forms by underlining it. One example has been done for you.
1. If she (comes/ came) late again , she'll lose her job.
2. I'll let you know if I (find/ found) our what's happening.
3. If we (live/ lived) in a town, life would be easier.
4. I'm sure he wouldn't mind if we (arrive/ arrived) early.
5. (We'll/ We'd) phone you if we have time.
6. If I won the lottery, I (will/ would) give you half the money.
7. It (will/ wold) be a pity if she married Fred.
8. If I'm free on Saturday, I (will/ would) go to the mountains.
9. She (will/ would) have a nervous breakdown if she goes on like this.
10. I know I'll feel better If I (stop/ stopped) smoking.
Exercise 11: Put in the correct ver forms, using the present unreal.
1. If I ( know) .....................you were coming, I (invite)...................some friends in.
2. He (go)...............................to university if his father (not be).....................ill.
3. If you (say)............................you weren't hungry, I (not cook)....................such a big meal.
4. The team (win).......................if Jones (play).......................better.
5. If they (not cut).....................off the electricity, I (finish)..................my work.
6. If Bell (not invent).........................the telephone , somebody else (do)...........it.
7. If (not spend) .............so much time making up, we ( not be)...............late.
8. The burglars (not get).....................in if you (remember)...............to lock the door.
9. If he (not be)..........................a film star, he (not become)................President.
10. If she (have).....................more sense, she (sell).....................her cars years ago.
11. If he (not spend)..................so much on his holiday, he (have).......................enough to pay for the hose
repairs.

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Tu Ky High School
12. You (not catch).......................cold if you (take)....................your coat.
13. You (win).......................if you (run ).....................a bit faster.
14. We (get)...................better tickets if we (book) earlier
15. It ( be)....................better if you (ask)....................me for help
16. "If Ceopatra's nose (be)........................shorter, the whole history of the wold (be).......................different."
(Pascal)
Exercise 12: Choose the best answer
1. ........................ we find new sources, we will soon run out of energy.
A. If B. When C. Unless D Only
2. All our rainforests ............ unless we find some ways to stop people from cutting down trees.
A. will be destroyed B. are destroyed C. will destroy D. destroy
3. ............... we don’t try to limit the world’s population, there won’t be enough space to live.
A. When B. If C. Unless D. While
4. If we don’t do anything to stop the ice on the poles from melting, the earth .............. one day.
A. will be flooded B. will be flood C. is flooded D. will flooded
5. If we ....................to destroy forests, soon there will be no forests left on the earth.
A. will stop B. will not stop C. stop D. do not stop
6. ...................... we leave a bowl of water under the sun, it will evaporate.
A. When B. If C. Unless D. While
7. If we ................... to use fuels at the current rate, we will soon have to face a fuel crisis.
A. will continue B. continues C. continue D. to continue
8. If you ................ more slowly, he would have understood you.
A. spoke B. would speak C. spoken D. had spoken
9. I would change my job if I ........................... young.
A. was B. be C. were D. am
10. If you used your computer often, I .................... send you e-mails.
A. sent B. would send C. will send D. send
11. If the world’s population .............................., a lot of people would be in famine.
A. would increase B. increase C. increased D. will in crease
12. If animals ...................., they would be able to tell us when they were happy.
A. would speak B. could speak C. speak D. will speak
13. If you practise a lot, you ................ a good musician one day.
A. are B. will be C. be D. would be
14. If you .................. a teaching qualification. you ................ here.
A. have/ would work B. had/ will work C. had/ could work D. have/ work
15. If she ................. enough money, she ................... her job.
A. have/ give up B. had/ will give up
C. have/ would give up D. had/ would give up
16. If I ................... in Paris, I ................... her.
A. live/ will meet B. lived/ will meet C. live/ would D. live/ meet
17. Even if the rain ..................... there won’t be a harvest this year.
A. came B. comes C. did not come D. will come
18. If we went that way, I’m sure we ............... get there more quickly.
A. can B. must C. need D. would
19. I ............. not miss any classes if I ........................ you.
A. would/ was B. would/ were C. will/ am D. will/ was
20. Mary ........................... here if her parents ..................
A. will come/ agree B. would come/ agree C. will come/ agreed D. come/ agree
Exercise 6: Use guided words to write these sentences
1. If/ give up/ smoke/ your health/ better/ better.
2. Unless/ you/ stop/ smoke/ you/ ill.
3. If/ Peter/ in the city/ now/ he/ join/ party.
4. If/ I/ you/ I/ go to bed/ earlier.
5. If/ you/ not get rid of/ smoke/ your health/ be affected.
Read the following passages then choose the most suitable words to complete the texts.
Smokers pollute the air. They breathe out l00 times as much (43) ............... as nonsmokers. They breathe it out on their children and on their wives or

husbands. Children (44) ............... parents smoke have more breathing and lung problems (45) .............. other children. Among nonsmoking women married to

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Tu Ky High School
smokers, there are twice as many deaths (46) ............... lung cancer as there are among women married to (47) ............... . Men have the right to kill

(48) ............... by smoking(49) ............... they want to. They do not have the right to kill (50) ............... wives and children by smoking.

43. A. pollution B. polluted C. polluting D. pollutants

44. A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
45. A. that B. than C. this D. those
46. A. from B. to C. on D. at
47. A. smoking B. smoker C. smokers D. nonsmokers
48. A. themselve B. themselves C. theirselve D. theirselves
49. A. unless B. for C. if not D. if
50. A. theirs B. their’s C. their D. them

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