TTM Ground Anchors Tirants

Geotechnical and ground anchor system
English
INDEX
page
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
ROCK ANCHORAGES
Rock anchorage
Rock anchorage functional parts
Rock anchorage elements
5
5
5
5
2.
2.1
2.2
ROCK ANCHORAGE TYPES

TPR Temporary Rock anchorages
TPE Permanent Rock anchorages
6
6
7
3.
3.1
3.2
3.3
TEMPORARY ROCK ANCHORAGES

Temporary rock anchorage Type TPR-00
8
8
11
14
4.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.4.1
PERMANENT ROCK ANCHORAGES

Permanent rock anchorage Type TPE-02
Permanent rock anchorage Type TPE-02-SP
Accessories for external grout on TPE-08 rock anchorages
17
17
20
23
28
31
5.
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
ROCK ANCHORAGES FOR SPECIAL APPLICATIONS

Permanent rock anchorages Type TDP-09 dielectric
Temporary rock anchorages Type TPS-10 removable
Permanent rock anchorages Type TPS-11
Permanent rock anchorages Type TPF-12 total removable
32
32
35
37
39
6.
PROTECTION CAPS
41
7.
DI LOAD CELLS ON TTR ANCHORS
44
8.
DI LOAD CELLS ON TTM ANCHORS
49
9.
OG LOAD CELLS ON TTR ANCHORS
54
10.
ROCK ANCHORAGES PRODUCTION
10.1
Grout pipe and vent pipe
10.2
Sheaths and plastic pipe
10.3
Corrugated sheaths for anchor rock anchorages
10.4
Smooth sheaths
10.5
Pad
10.6
Packer
10.7
Valvate pipe Type T-001
10.7.1 Valvate pipes Type T-001 and T-002 27x34 mm.
10.7.2 Valvate pipe Type T-003-U 15x21 mm.
10.7.3 Valvate pipe Type T-004 10x14 mm. ( micro-valvate )
10.7.4 Valvate pipe Type T-005 15x21 mm. ( micro-valvate )
10.7.5 Valvate ( Micro-valvate ) Type T-004 e T-005 on temporary rock anchorages
Rock anchors Rev. G page 1
56
57
57
58
59
59
60
60
61
62
63
64
65
10.8
10.8.1
10.8.2
10.8.3
10.9
10.9.1
10.9.2
10.9.3
10.9.4
10.10
10.11
End cap
End cap for permanent rock anchorages
End cap for temporary rock anchorages
Internal spacers
External spacers
DD-ED dynamic type spacers
DD-EF fixed type spacers
DD-ED external spacer applications
DD-EF external spacer applications
Rock anchorages assembly
Storage area
66
67
68
68
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
11.
DOUBLE PISTON - XG27-600
77
12.
UNDER PLATE PROTECTION FOR PERMANENT ROCK ANCHORAGES 80
13.
13.1
13.2
ANCHORING TYPES
Strand
Bars
84
84
84
14.
14.1
14.2
14.3
Spherical device type DD-SF

DD-SF applied to temporary rock anchorages Type TPR
DD0015-CV protection application to permanent rock anchorages Type TPE
Supports Type DD-SF on permanent rock anchorages Type TPE complete with Caps.
85
87
88
89
15.
APPLICATION WITH CAP
90
16.
BUSH COVERS TYPE DD0015-CV
92
17.
TYPE TTR ANCHORS
93
18.
TYPE TM E TTM-F ANCHORS ( Threaded plate )
95
19.
TYPE TTS ANCHORS
97
20.
20.1
20.1.1
20.1.2
ANCHORING SYSTEMS
Determining stressing values
Stressing values for strand anchors for geotechnical works
Stressing values for bar anchors for geotechnical works
99
99
99
100
21.
21.1
STEEL REINFORCEMENT
Strands
101
101
22.
ELEMENTARY ANCHORS
102
23.
23.1
23.2
23.3
23.4
23.5
23.6
23.7
TENSIONING EQUIPMENT
Manifold Type DD-EF
Hydraulic pump Type TTM-A
Release bells
Stressing jacks Type TTM
Hydraulic pump Type TTM-E
Stressing jacks Type M
Grout pump type T
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
112
23.8
23.8.1
23.8.2
23.9
23.10
23.11
Stressing jacks - types DD and DX

Stressing operation
Equipments calibration
Calibrated gouge type S1000
Determining the tensioning value calculated from the calibration certificate
Determining the theoretical tensioning value
116
116
117
122
123
122
24.
24.1
24.2
24.3
24.4
BARS
Low resistance bars
Medium resistance bars
Accessories for assembly rock anchorage in bar
Grout of rock anchorages in bar
124
124
125
126
128
25.
25.1
25.2
25.3
25.4
BAR FORM ROCK ANCHORAGE IN BARS

Temporary rock anchorage - Type TRB-00
Temporary rock anchorage - Type TRB-01
Permanent rock anchorage - Type TPB-02
Passive rock bolt T-00
129
130
131
134
137
26.
SITES
138
- All materials conform to the UNI EN-1537 2002 Execution of special geotechnical work Ground Anchors
standard
Catalogue review : G
Issue date : April 05
1 ROCK ANCHORAGES
1.1 Rock anchorage
Structural element operating under traction, designed for transmitting co-action forces to the ground
and rocks.
1.2 Rock anchorage functional parts
These parts are:
head: group of terminal elements, aimed at transmitting the rock anchorages traction force to
the anchored structure or to the rock;
free part: group of elements aimed at transmitting the heads traction force to the foundation;
foundation ( bond length ): group of elements aimed at transmitting the rock anchorage
traction forces to the ground.
1.3 Rock anchorage elements
With reference to the functional parts these are:
blocking device and head distribution plate;
reinforcement and sheath;
foundation anchoring device.
Foundation length
Free length
The types of elementary rock anchorages on sale in the different load categories are:
TPR-00 (temporary rock anchorage with free part singularly protected with grease and
H.D.P.E.)
TPR-01 (temporary rock anchorage with free part further protected with an H.D.P.E. sheath)
TPR-04 (temporary rock anchorage with central valvate part for selective re-grout)
TPE-05 (permanent rock anchorage with re-grout valves, selectively on the bulb)
TPE-08 (permanent rock anchorage with external valvate part U shaped for non-selective
re-grout )
TPD-09 (permanent rock anchorage - dielectric)
TPS-10 (temporary rock anchorage - removable)
TPS-11 (permanent rock anchorage removable)
TPF-12 (permanent rock anchorage totally removable)
Other types of rock anchorage may be found on sale, but these should be considered as variations to
the types indicated above.
2 ROCK ANCHORAGE TYPES

EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.9 subdivides rock anchorages in two type:
2.1 Temporary rock anchorage TPR
( EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 Paragraph 6.9.2 )
Rock anchorage not expected to remain in service for more than two years are defined as temporary
ones.
The steel components of a temporary rock anchorage must have protection against corrosion for a
designed duration of no longer than two years.
If there is the possibility that the functional life of a temporary rock anchorage has to be provisionally
extended, or if the rock anchorage is installed in soil conditions known to be corrosive, then measures
approved by the customers technical representative must be taken, to protect all parts of the rock
anchorages against corrosion.
They are used in provisory structures to contain walls or for structures that no longer require the
static function of the rock anchorages at the end of the work.
Temporary rock anchorages are subdivided into the following types:
-
Removable
Monitored with cell
Re-grout
Temporary rock anchorage TPR
The protection measures for temporary rock anchorage are described in prospect 2 of EURO NORM
EN 1537-2002.
2.2 Permanent rock anchorage TPE

(EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3)
Rock anchorage expected to remain in service for more than two years are defined as permanent ones.
The minimum anti-corrosion protection around the rock anchorage reinforcement must be comprised
of a single continuous layer of protective, anti-corrosion material that does not degrade during the
expected service life of the rock anchorage.
The reinforcement of a tie-bar must have the following anti-corrosion protection:
- Two protective barriers, so that if one is damaged during installation or tensioning, the second
remains intact,
- A single protective barrier the integrity of which must be checked with on-site tests for every single
rock anchorage,
- A protection system comprised of a steel tube with sleeve valves,
- A protection system comprised of a corrugated plastic tube with compression valves,
- A protection system comprised of a steel tube operating under compression,
They are used in structures where the tie-bars action is required for an important time in the life of
the structure.
Permanent rock anchorage are sub-divided into the following types:
- Extractable TPS
- Re-grout
- Dielectric TPD
- Monitored with cell
Permanent tie-bars - TPE re-grout
Examples of corrosion protection for permanent rock anchorage, that can be considered suitable for
the protection means above are described in prospect 3 of EURO NORM EN 1537-2002
In points 6.9.2 and 6.9.3 the standard foresees that the customers technical manager may vary the
protection elements and how the article is contrived.
3 TEMPORARY ROCK ANCHORAGE

3.1 Temporary rock anchorage TPR-00
Temporary TPR-00 type rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian standard
Execution of special geo-technical works ANCHORING TIE-BARS EURO NORM EN 15372002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from harmonic steel strands according to EN 10138 singly
sheathed and greased on the free part.
The TPR-00 type temporary rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and
diaphragms where the type of earth does not have any particular geo-technical problems and where
there is a requirement for temporary rock anchorages.
Temporary TPR 00 rock anchorage bond part
The rock anchorage is created in this way:

-
In the bond length part, the strands are separated by special spacers, and by being arranged in a
sinusoid form via suitable ties and belts, they permit increased adherence to the foundation cement
mix. Grout takes place via a 16x20 mm. polythene tube.
Protection of the free length part is obtained by greasing and sheathing each single strand.
Separation of the free part from the active part is by way of a sealing material buffer, rendering
both parts perfectly hermetic.
Variations to the standard version

- Packer insertion,
- Bond length-foundation ( protected by a TNT woven not woven fabric),
- Extra grout pipes,
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
End cap for temporary rock anchorage type TPR 00
Foundation length
Free length
Temporary rock anchorage type TPR-00 drawing
3.2 Temporary rock anchorage Type TPR-01

Execution of special geo-technical works ANCHORING ROCK ANCHORAGE EURO NORM EN
1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138 singly
sheathed and greased on the free part
there is a requirement for temporary rock anchorage.
Temporary rock anchorage TPR 01

-
In the active part the strands are separated by special spacers, and by being arranged in a
mix. Grout ( primary and free part ) takes place by 16x20 mm. polythene tubes.
Protection of the free part is obtained by the use of a smooth H.D.P.E sheath. Separation of the
free part from the active part is by way of a sealing material buffer, rendering both parts perfectly
hermetic

- Packer insertion,
- Free part protected by a corrugated sheath, instead of a smooth one,
- Free part with strands singly greased and sheathed ( recommended variation ),
- Active part ( bond length-foundation protected by a TNT woven not woven fabric) sheath,
- Extra grout tubes,
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
End cap for temporary rock anchorage TPR 01
Pad for temporary rock anchorage TPR 01
3.3 Temporary rock anchorage type TPR-04

Execution of special geo-technical works ANCHORING TIE-BARS EURO NORM EN 15372002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138 singly sheathed
and greased on the free part
there is a requirement for temporary rock anchorage.
Temporary rock anchorage TPR 04
The rock anchorages are is created in this way:

-
mix. Grout ( primary and secondary ) takes place via a valvate 27/34 mm tube provided with sleeve
valves.
Protection of the free length part is obtained by the use of a H.D.P.E. smooth sheath. Separation of
the free part from the active part is by way of a sealing material pad, rendering both parts
perfectly hermetic.

- Packer insertion,
- Free length part protected by a corrugated sheath,
- Free length part with strands singly greased and sheathed ( recommended variation ),
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
Pad between the free length part and bond length on temporary rock anchorage TPR 04
Foundation length
Free length
4 PERMANENT ROCK ANCHORAGES

4.1 Permanent rock anchorage type TPE-02
Permanent TPE-02 type rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian standard
1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138.
The TPR-04 type permanent rock anchorage is normally used for consolidating bulkheads and
diaphragms where the type of earth requires the use of permanent rock anchorage.
Permanent bond length of rock anchorage TPE 02

-
mix. Grout ( primary and secondary ) takes place by a 16 x 20 mm. polythene pipes.
Protection of the free part is obtained by the use of a H.D.P.E. smooth sheath. Separation of the
free part from the active part is by way of a sealing material pad, rendering both parts perfectly
hermetic.

- Packer insertion,
- Free length part with strands singly greased and sheathed,
- Free length part with strands singly greased and sheathed ( recommended variation ),
- External spacers,
- Protection cap,
- Under plate protection.
TTR anchor complete with under plate protection
Foundation length
Free length
Permanent rock anchorage type TPE-02 drawing
4.2 Permanent rock anchorage type TPE-02-SP

Permanent TPE-02-SP type rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian
standard Execution of special geo-technical works ANCHORING TIE-BARS EURO NORM EN
1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138.
The TPR-02-SP type permanent rock anchorage is normally used for consolidating bulkheads and
diaphragms where the type of earth requires the use of permanent rock anchorage and where
selective, repeated re-grout is required with sleeve valves.
TPE 02SP rock anchorage with external valvate tube

-
In the bond length part, the strands are separated by special spacers, and by being arranged in a
mix. Grout ( primary and secondary ) takes place via a 16 x 20 mm. polythene pipes. Re-grout
takes place through an external valvate 27/34 mm tube provided with external sleeve valves to
permit repeated grout.
The harmonic steel strands are protected in the free part by the use of a smooth H.D.P.E. smooth
sheath; they are singly protected by H.D.P.E. sheaths and grease. Separation of the free part from
the active part is by way of a sealing material pad, rendering both parts perfectly hermetic.

- Packer insertion,
- Free length part with strands singly greased and sheathed,
- External spacers,
- Protection cap,
TTR anchor complete with under plate protection
Foundation length
Free length
Permanent rock anchorage type TPE-02-SP drawing
In the permanent rock anchorages TPE-02-SP version a 27/34 mm valvate tube is installed externally
to the anchor, so as to permit repeated and selective re-grout.

Permanent TPE-05 type rock anchorages are created according to the European and Italian standard
Execution of special geo-technical works rock anchorages EURO NORM EN 1537-2002
paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138.
The TPE-05 type permanent rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and
diaphragms where the type of earth has particular geo-technical problems and where there is a
requirement for selective and repeated radial injection throughout the foundation.

-
In the bond length part the strands are separated by special spacers inside the RRM valves that
permit them to arrangement into a sinusoidal form by suitable ties and taping; this permits
increased adherence with the foundation mix cement. This kind of rock anchorage is provided with
a 27/34 mm tube on which special RRM valves are fitted in the foundation part, that permit single
and repeated external grout. Also, on the same tube, 2 sleeve valves are positioned that permit
injection inside the bond length / foundation, plus a valve permitting bag injection if required and
a valve for grout of the free length part. In the bond length part the rock anchorage is protected by
a corrugated sheath made of H.D.P.E.
Separation of the free length part from the bond length part is by way of a pad comprised of
sealing material that renders the same hermetic. The rock anchorage are formed by steel strands,
protected in the free part by a smooth H.D.P.E. sheath and they are singly protected by H.D.P.E.
sheaths and grease.
TPE 05 rock anchorage foundation assembly

- Packer insertion,
- Free length part with strands singly greased and sheathed,,
- External spacers,
- Protection cap,
RRM valve grout with double piston XG27-600 scheme
RRM valve grout with double piston XG27-600 with RRM valve opening
double piston type XG27-600

Permanent TPE-08 type rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian standard
Execution of special geo-technical works rock anchorages EURO NORM EN 1537-2002
paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138.
The TPE-08 type permanent rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and
diaphragms where the type of earth has particular geo-technical problems and where there is a
requirement for simultaneous non-selective, repeated re- injection of the valves .
TPE 08 rock anchorage with U external tube for re-grout

-
In the bond length part the strands are separated by special spacers and by being arranged in a
sinusoidal form by suitable ties and taping they permit increased adherence with the foundation
mix cement. Grout ( primary and free length part ) takes place by 16 x 20 mm. polythene pipes.
This type of rock anchorage also has an external U-shaped tube provided in the foundation part
with special sleeve valves permitting simultaneous and repeated injections. As there is no
separation bad, the bond length grout pipe also grout the free length part.
The rock anchorage are formed of steel strands, protected in the free part by a smooth H.D.P.E
sheath and singly protected with H.D.P.E. sheaths and grease. The separation of the free length
part from the bond length part takes place by sealing, strand-by-strand, with special sealing
material that permits perfect conditions between the strands and the 16x20 mm H.D.P.E. pipe.
TPE 08 rock anchorage with external tube and DD-EF spacer

- Packer insertion,
- Free part protected by a corrugated sheath, instead of a smooth one
- External spacers,
- Protection cap,
Foundation length
Free length
4.4.1 Accessories for external grout on TPE-08 rock anchorage
The U-shaped DD-1029 tube, is created by

mechanically bending into a U-shape, to
conserve the passage of the cement mix.
-
Sleeve for 15x21 mm pipe type DD-1025

15x21 mm U-shaped tube type DD-1029
15x21 mm tube.
Application of U-shaped tube typeDD1029 with DD1025 sleeves to tie-bar

TPE 08
Joint sleeves for DD1025 15x21 mm. tube
The coupling sleeves are supplied together with

the U-shaped tube.
The bend is created by coupling to the 15x21 mm
tube.
Different tolerances on tubes cause problems
with perfect glue adherence.
For sealing operations, we always recommend
using the original glue supplied by the company.
5 ROCK ANCHORAGE FOR SPECIAL APPLICATIONS

5.1 Permanent rock anchorage type TPD-09 dielectric
Permanent TPD-09 type tie-bars are created according to the European and Italian standard
Execution of special geo-technical works rock anchorage EURO NORM EN 1537-2002
paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138, protected along the
entire length by an H.D.P.E. PN8 sheath.
The permanent TPD-09 type rock anchorage is used for consolidating bulkheads and diaphragms
when the type of earth requires protection from wandering currents and guarantees the dielectric
property of the article at the same time.
-
In the active part the strands are separated by special spacers and by being arranged in a
mix cement.
Injection ( primary and secondary ) takes place via 16x20 mm. polythene tubes. In the free length
part, the strands are greased and individually protected.
In the external part, the rock anchorage is protected outwards by an H.D.P.E PN8 tube that
guarantees protection of the reinforcement and of the dielectric property. The external part can be
equipped on request with external spacers - DD-ED ( dynamic type ) type or DD-EF ( fix type).
The DD-E type spacer guarantees a dynamic effect to the centring device that on deformation,
permits the centring of the entire section in the bore hole and of the entire circumference of the
section concerned.
The DD-EF type spacer only guarantees fixed spacing of the tie-bar to the bored walls at four
points.
The anchoring plate is coupled to the protection sheath via a special H.D.P.E. bonding that guarantees
insulation of the anchor from the rock anchorage.
The adherence of the bond length is guaranteed by special lobes, obtained by permanent bond
deformation, by means of the cold deformation of steel rings on the bond length.
- Packer insertion,
- 27/34 valvate external tube provided with external sleeve valves to permit repeated and selective
grout.
- External spacers
- Protection cap
Foundation length
Free length
Permanent rock anchorage type TPD-09 dielectric drawing
ELECTRIC TESTS for anti-corrosion protection according to EURO NORM EN 1537-2002

This test consists of measuring the electrical resistance between one rock anchorage and the surrounding soil or structure
to ascertain the efficacy of the system adopted in the anti-corrosion protection.
Description of the two test systems:
- Measurement of the insulation of the rock anchorage with respect to the soil and structure, ERM I system
- Measurement of the insulation solely between head and structure, ERM II system
Electrical resistance I measurement ERM I system
For the executive method, the ERM I, adopts the following specific instrumentation:
- Voltage measurement - 500 V. direct current,
- Measurement field > 10 K ( 0.01 M )
During measurement, the tie-bar must be connected to the positive pole and the earth to the negative pole of the
measurement circuit.
Generally moist site soil is used as the ground.
Grounding can also be obtained by connecting steel reinforcement bars of reinforced concrete structures in contact with
the soil, with buried metal pipes or with nails hammered into the rock or soil. During the measurements the contact tips are
kept clean.
The ERM I test can be executed in two distinct phases:
Phase a)
Checks the integrity of a plastic sheath corresponding to the free length and the constrained length after the various rock
anchorage installation operations, in other words before blocking:
- after sliding the rock anchorage into the bore hole,
- after primary grout
- after eventual secondary grout,
- after the acceptance test.
Electrical resistance measured between the reinforcement and soil of 0.1 M demonstrates an acceptable integrity level
for the plastic sheath.
Phase b)
Checks the global electrical integrity of the tie-bar with respect to the soil and structure:
- after blocking the rock anchorage,
- after grouting the rock anchorage head,
- at any moment of the operating life of the rock anchorage,
Electrical resistance RI 0.1 M between rock anchorage and soil / structure attests the global electrical insulation of
the rock anchorage with respect to the soil and structure.
Electrical resistance measurement II - ERM II system
This measurement is only executed if RI is less than 0.1 M after blocking the rock anchorage, demonstrating that there is
no direct contact between the anchor head and the reinforcement steel of the anchored structure.
ERM II is executed on the rock anchorage under a load. For the executive method, we adopt the following specific
instrumentation:
- voltage measurement of around 40 Volt alternating current,
- measurement field 0-200 K ( 0-0.2 M )
Generally, the support plate is used as the ground connection.
If the support plate is coated with insulating material, connection can be made to the steel of the anchored structure.
During measurement the anchoring head and in particular the insulation gasket between the anchoring head and the
support pate are kept dry. The electrical contacts must be very clean by baring the metal. To ensure a good contact, clamps
or strong magnets are used. Jack connections are not recommended in this kind of measurement.
The ERM II measurement is sensitive to climatic influences, such as humidity in the air at the anchoring head zone or to
possible electrical eddy currents in the ground.
If various measurements are executed on one rock anchorage, it is necessary to adopt the measurement with the highest
resistance, for correct execution.
Electrical resistance RII greater than 100 K between the anchoring plate and support plate or the steel of the structure,
demonstrates that there is no direct contact between the anchoring head and the steel of the anchored structure.
5.2 Temporary rock anchorage type TPS-10 removal

Temporary TPS-10 type rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian standard
1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138, singly
sheathed and greased in the free length part.
The TPS-10 type temporary rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and
diaphragms where the type of earth has no particular geo-technical problems and where there is a
requirement for extracting the rock anchorage after use.
-
mix cement. Injection takes place a 16 x 20 mm. polythene tube. Rock anchorage extraction is
obtained by making an incision on the strand between the free part and the foundation. This
permits strand breakage when the working load is increased after rock anchorage use. The
controlled incision is made using special equipment during rock anchorage assembly.
Protection of the free part is obtained by greasing and sheathing each single strand. The
separation of the free part from the active part takes place by a buffer of a sealing material that
permits perfect hermetic conditions between the parts.

- Packer insertion,
- Free part protected by a corrugated sheath,
- 27/34 external valvate tube with external sleeve valves to permit repeated and selective injections,
- Free part protected with smooth sheath,
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
EXTRACTION TEST
This test consists of cutting each strand between the free part and the foundation; the incision is made
using special numerical control equipment that guarantees the repeatability of the operation an strand
breakage when subjected to a load close to the maximum breaking strain ( Psf ) that must be limited to
0.75 0.80 Ptk.
The tie-bar is tensioned normally to the maximum blocking force (Po) that must be limited to 0.6 Ptk;
after this, by increasing the strain, strand by strand (the load is applied to one strand at a time) to
value ( Psf ) = 0.75 0.80 Ptk we obtain extraction (strand breakage) between the free and foundation
parts at the point where the strand was cut, Extraction is obtained using TTM250KN-200 type jacks.
Foundation length
Free length
Temporary rock anchorage type TPS-10 drawing
5.3 Permanent rock anchorage type TPS-11

Permanent type TPS-11 type rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian
standard Execution of special geo-technical works ANCHORING ROCK ANCHORAGE EURO
NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN
10138, singly sheathed and greased in the free length part.
The TPS-11 type temporary rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and
requirement for extracting the rock anchorage after use, combined with permanent service.
-
mix cement. Grout takes place a 16 x 20 mm. polythene tube. The foundation part is protected by a
corrugated sheath that makes the rock anchorage permanent. Rock anchorage extraction is
obtained by making an incision on the strand between the free length part and the foundation;
when the working load is increased after the rock anchorage has been used, the incision permits
the strands to break.
This permits strand breakage when the working load is increased after rock anchorage use. The
controlled incision is made using special equipment during rock anchorage assembly.
Protection of the free length part is obtained by greasing and sheathing each single strand and by
a further smooth sheath protection. The separation of the free length part from the active part
takes place by a pad of a sealing material that permits perfect hermetic conditions between the
parts.

- Packer insertion,
- 27/34 external valvate tube with external sleeve valves to permit repeated and selective grout,
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
EXTRACTION TEST
This test consists of cutting each strand between the free length part and the foundation; the incision is
made using special numerical control equipment that guarantees the repeatability of the operation an
strand breakage when subjected to a load close to the maximum breaking strain ( Psf ) that must be
limited to 0.75 0.80 Ptk.
The rock anchorage is tensioned normally to the maximum blocking force (Po) that must be limited to
0.6 Ptk; after this, by increasing the strain, strand by strand (the load is applied to one strand at a
time) to value ( Psf ) = 0.75 0.80 Ptk we obtain extraction (strand breakage) between the free and
foundation parts at the point where the strand was cut, Extraction is obtained using TTM250KN-200
type jacks.
Foundation length
Free length
Permanent rock anchorage type TPS-11 scheme
5.4 Permanent rock anchorage type TPF-12 with total removal

Permanent TPF-12 type tie-bars are created according to the European and Italian standard
1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel strands according to EN 10138, singly
sheathed and greased in the free length part.
The TPF-12 type temporary rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and
requirement for totally extracting the rock anchorage after use, combined with permanent service.
Removal is obtained by extruded anchors with resistance calculated to the required extraction value.
-
In the bond length part the strands are separated by special spacers and by being arranged in a
mix cement. Grout takes place a 16 x 20 mm. polythene pipe. The reaction of the active part is
obtained via the end plate to which special anchors are connected with resistance calibrated to
required extraction values.
Protection of the free length part is obtained by greasing and sheathing each single strand and by
further protection with a smooth sheath on request. There is no separation between the free length
part and foundation as the strands run the full length.

- Packer insertion,
- 27/34 external valvate tube with external sleeve valves to permit repeated and selective grout,
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
EXTRACTION TEST
This test consists of cutting each strand between the free part and the foundation; the incision is made
using special numerical control equipment that guarantees the repeatability of the operation an strand
breakage when subjected to a load close to the maximum breaking strain ( Psf ) that must be limited to
0.75 0.80 Ptk.
The rock anchorage is tensioned normally to the maximum blocking force (Po) that must be limited to
0.6 Ptk; after this, by increasing the strain, strand by strand (the load is applied to one strand at a
time) to value ( Psf ) = 0.75 0.80 Ptk we obtain extraction ( strand breakage ) between the free and
foundation parts at the point where the strand was cut, Extraction is obtained using TTM250KN-200
type jacks.
Foundation length
Free length
Permanent rock anchorage type TPF-12 with total extraction drawing
6 PROTECTION CAPS
( EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.10.9 and 6.11.3 )
The protection Caps conform to the prescriptions of EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.10.9
and 6.11.3. On customer request, they are available in the TTR-100 and TTR-450 versions for TTR
anchor heads.
-
Normal TTR-100 caps where the protruding tensioning strands are cut off close to the anchor
Special TTR-450 caps where the protruding tensioning strands are 450 mm. long so as to
permit the possibility of re-tensioning over time.
TTR-100 short range cap installed complete with accessories
TTR-100 cap ( short type ) for TTR anchor

protection on spherical support or bulkheads.
The cap made of polyurethane according to
EURO NORM EN 1537-2002, paragraph 3
guarantees anchor protection over time.
TTR-100 short cap with extension fitted for TTR 450 long Cap
All the caps are made of high density polythene. The long TTR-450 cap is created as an extension of
the short TTR-100 Cap so as to permit containment of the long strands for re-tensioning.
TTR-400 cap ( long type ) for strand protection on

spherical support or bulkheads.
The cap made of polyurethane according to EURO
NORM EN 1537-2002, paragraph 3 guarantees strand
protection over time and re-tensioning.
TTR-450 series long cap installed complete with accessories
Protection Caps conforming to prospect 3 paragraph 4 of EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 must be

made of rigid plastic fixed to the support plate. If the cap can be removed, it is filled with a flexible,
anti-corrosion substance and fitted with a seal gasket. If it cannot be removed, it may be filled with
cement or resin.
A=
anchors for temporary rock anchorage,
B=
anchors for permanent rock anchorage not for re-tensioning, with short Cap,
C=
anchors for temporary rock anchorage with single anchor protection,
D=
anchors for permanent rock anchorage where re-tensioning is foreseen and long Cap.
7 - DI LOAD CELLS ON TTR ANCHORS

DI load cells have the main characteristic of being hydraulic, without gaskets and of being entirely
made of AISI 303 steel.
Because of these characteristics, they are ideal for fitting to temporary or permanent tie-bars for
monitoring the tension of the anchor over time. They are available with analogue and digital reading
on request.
Load cell with 4 TTR15 plate
All TTR plates are designed for OR fitting; this permits cap installation and a hermetic seal.
Capacity
( KN )
500
750
1000
1000
1500
2500
2500
Model
DI-500KN
DI-750KN
DI-1000KN
DI-1000SKN
DI-1500KN
DI-2500KN
DI-2500SKN
A
( mm)
70
90
110
135
160
180
220
B
( mm)
165
205
230
250
300
360
380
C
( mm)
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
D
( mm)
195
195
195
195
195
195
195
Precision
Overload
Material
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
120 %
120 %
120 %
120 %
120 %
120 %
120 %
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
Subject to modification
Anchor
2TTR15
3TTR15
4TTR15
5TTR15
6TTR15
7TTR15
8TTR15
9TTR15
Unitary weight
( g.)
4,5
5,5
7,5
7,5
10
16
16
More information available on request
Cell type
DI-1000KN
DI-1000KN
DI-1000KN
DI-1500KN
DI-1500KN
DI-1500KN
DI-2500KN
DI-2500SKN
Cell load
( KN )
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.500
1.500
1.500
2.500
2.500
Max. cell load

( KN )
1.200
1.200
1.200
1.800
1.800
1.800
3.000
3.000
Strand ext. diam.

( mm )
102
102
102
113
125
147
166
193
Characteristics:
-
Maximum load without calibration alterations: 120% of capacity.

Scale end precision 1% for analogue reading 0.5% for digital
Material - AISI 304
The cell ha a lock ring for inter-placement on the anchor plate; if the dial already has an
under-plate, this lock ring is not necessary.
The load cells are provided with CE marking are completely protected and have serial numbers for
identification.
TTR anchor tensioning on DI load cell with jack type TTM 250KN-200
5TTR15 anchor on spherical support DD 0525SF complete with hydraulic load cell DI1500KN and
anchor cap. The internal anchors can be protected with anti-corrosion material by grout, or singly
with strand by strand protection with DD0015-CV bush covers.
TTR anchor application on DI type load cell
5TTR15 anchor on spherical support DD 0525SF complete with hydraulic load cell DI1500KN. The
anchor has a long cap and can be re-stressing over time. The internal anchors can be protected with
anti-corrosion material by grout, or singly with strand by strand protection with DD0015-CV bush
covers.
TTR anchor application on DI load cell with TTM-L cap
8 - DI LOAD CELLS ON TTM ANCHORS

DI load cells are hydraulic, without gaskets and are made of AISI 304 steel.
These characteristics make them especially suitable for use in monitoring the long-term tension of both
temporary and permanent strand and bar tie-bars.
They are available with both analogue and digital reading on request.
Load cell with 4 TTM-F15 plate
Capacity
Model
Precision
Overload
Material
( KN )
500
750
1000
1000
1500
2500
2500
DI-500KN
DI-750KN
DI-1000KN
DI-1000SKN
DI-1500KN
DI-2500KN
DI-2500SKN
( mm)
70
90
110
135
160
180
220
( mm)
165
205
230
250
300
360
380
( mm)
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
( mm)
195
195
195
195
195
195
195
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
+/- 1% F.S.
120 %
120 %
120 %
120 %
120 %
120 %
120 %
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
AISI 304
Anchor
3TTM15
4TTM15
5TTM15
6TTM15
7TTM15
9TTM15
12TTM15
15TTM15
19TTM15
22TTM15
27TTM15
Unitary
Weight
(g)
4,5
5,5
7,5
7,5
10
16
16
Cell type
DI-750KN
DI-750KN
DI-750KN
DI-1000KN
DI-1500KN
DI-1500KN
DI-2500KN
DI-2500KN
*****
*****
*****
Cell load
( KN )
750
750
750
1.000
1.500
1.500
2.500
2.500
*****
*****
*****
Max. cell load

( KN )
900
900
900
1.200
1.800
1.800
3.000
3.000
*****
*****
*****
Strand ext. diam.

( mm )
80
80
100
100
100
105
125
135
150
175
195
Characteristics:
-
Maximum load without calibration alterations: 120% of capacity.

Scale end precision 1% for analogue reading 0.5% for digital
Material - AISI 304
The cell ha a lock ring for inter-placement on the anchor plate; if the dial already has an
under-plate, this lock ring is not necessary.
The load cells are provided with CE marking are completely protected and have serial numbers for
identification.
TTM anchor tensioning on DI load cell with M type jack
TTM anchor application on DI type load cell
TTM anchor application on DI load cell with TTM-L cap
Characteristics of DI load cells

The load cell must be supported on a flat, non-deforming surface so as to permit square cell loading,
with no transverse components. The applied load must also be perpendicular to the cell for correct
operation and therefore, the bore hole must be made with special care if hydraulic cells must be
installed.
Hydraulic cells require all the strands to be tensioned at the same time to guarantee even load
distribution.
The cell makes a direct reading in KN. The applied load reading suffers various losses and therefore,
with a tension control unit calibrated to the load application, we read a load loss after clamping of
more than 30%.
This loss is directly dependent on the lengthening loss of the tie-bar that will be greatest when the free
part is shortest and when the tension value applied to the tie-bar is lowest.
The measured cell loss derives from the sum of the following losses:
Tot. P.
Clamping loss, (clamp, return clamping P )

Losses in the jack, (jack lengthening jack P )
Losses from angular deviation, ( deviation in the anchor angular dev. P )
Losses from offset load, (small transverse components transverse P)
= clamping P + jack P+ angular dev. P + transverse P
PTot. is the total load loss
Tensioning
During the tensioning phase, taking account of the load loss read on the first rock anchorage, we retension the rock anchorage to recover the load loss in the system to guarantee the correct applied
load. All systems have losses and the extent of the same is given by the loss containment shown above.
.
9 - OG LOAD CELLS ON TTR ANCHORS

OG150/20 load cells
The OG150/20 load cell is designed for installation on rock anchorage and in particular on single
strands anchored to TTR plates. The form and dimensions of the cells make the instrument suitable for
installation on an elementary strand under the anchoring bush. This has a lower cost compared to
applying a classic cell and permits the tension value of the entire rock anchorage to be read ( all the
strands are tensioned with multiple jack systems connected in parallel to a manifold ). The strands are
equally tensioned with TTM equipment and therefore, by monitoring one strand, we guarantee tie-bar
monitoring by applying an OG150/20 load cell. The compression type toroidal OG150/20load cell is
used for rock anchorage tension control. It is also useful for keeping the same under control in service
by revealing any tension losses or overloads. When subjected to a load, the cell deforms and this is
measured by strain gauges which generate an electrical signal proportional to the applied load by
varying their resistance values.
OG150/20 LOAD CELL CHARACTERISTICS

Capacity
Accuracy class
Sensitivity
Input impedance
Output impedance
Excitement voltage
Permitted overload
Maximum overload
Insulation
Operating temperature
Compensation at temperature
Protection class
Material type
20 T
0.5%
2 mV/V/FS
~700 ohm
~700 ohm
max 15 Volt
150%
300%
>5 G ohm
from -20 to +50 C
From 0 to +50 C
IP67
Stainless steel
The OG150/20 load cell can be installed on one or

more strands. It must be located under the complete
anchoring of two special non-deforming washers that
guarantee correct load application.
6TTR15 anchor complete with load cell on one strand
The application of OG150/20 load cells permits The OG150/20 load cell permits load checking on
containment of the same in protection caps for each single strand; as the anchor applies equal
protection over time and easy value check/control. tension to each strand, we can consider the load
applied to each strand as identical.
6TTR15 anchor complete with load cell on one strand and

protection caps.
OG150/20 load cells are supplied with IP 55

connectors and potable digital readers.
Centralised reading systems can also be supplied for
up to 50 simultaneous reading points. Multi-reading
systems are purposefully designed and vary from
structure to structure.
Anchors can be provided with individual

protection so as to permit re-stressing over time.
10 ROCK ANCHORAGE PRODUCTION

In order to guarantee constant production and rapid customer service, highly automated systems are
employed that afford high volumes and guarantee product quality.
Rock anchorages are produced on two lines. The system guarantees a cutting capacity of 40,000
metres of strands per day in numerically controlled systems with very high productivity. The systems
are controlled centrally. Confirmed orders are connected directly to production sheets thus facilitating
programming and reducing unproductive times. Also production lot tracking is guaranteed.
10.1 Grout and vent pipes

These are made of H.D.P.E. and the colours used respect the following operating instruction.
Indications of colour/use correspondence are
shown from the beginning of the free length part of
each rock anchorage with a precise operating
instruction applied with adhesive.
.
GROUT TUBE COLOURS
COLOUR
Blue
PRIMARY GROUT
Grey
BOND GROUT
White
PACKER GROUT ( 1 )
Red
Green
All the pipes used measure 16x20 mm.

In special cases, where the insertion of all the
tubes is difficult, 10x14 tubes are used solely
for the vent.
GROUT TYPE DESCRIPTION
NOTE ( 1 )
FREE LENGTH GROUT**

BOND-FOUNDATION VENT*
Only when the rock anchorage has a packer
Black Polyvinyl chloride for strand protection in

the free part of the Rock anchorage.
* Only if the Rock anchorage has a smooth sheath
** Only if the Rock anchorage has a pad.
10.2 Sheaths and plastic pipes
(EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.10.1.)
The pipes used for rock

anchorages assembly conform to
the requirements of standard
EURO NORM EN 1537-2002
paragraph 6.10.1 and are
guarantee for working pressures
of up to 15 atm.
10.3 Corrugated sheaths for rock anchorages

The sheaths and all the materials used in rock anchorage assembly conform to the requirements of
standard.
EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.10.1.
Corrugated sheaths for anchor tie-bars
Corrugated sheaths are used for bulb protection and on request for protecting the free length part of
the rock anchorages.
All the sheaths are supplied with controlled thickness respecting the internal specifications prepared
by our quality control department.
10.4 Smooth sheaths

The smooth sheaths are made of H.D.P.E. and are used as protection of the free length part, with
thickness according to the UNI EN 1537-2002 recommendations.
All the sheaths are supplied with controlled

thickness respecting the internal specifications
prepared by our quality control department and
the standards.
10.5 - Pad
The pad, made of butyl rubber, have the property of isolating the two zones they separate from fluids
and of maintaining their characteristics unaltered over time as the temperature varies.
Buffer quality is very important for successful rock anchorage execution as it permits insulation of the
grout bond length from the free length part; in this way, it permits correct stressing and correct strand
elongation.
The special mix that wound around the strands
creating a division zone, prevents the cement
mixture from interfering with the free length part
of the bond lenght. Special attention must be paid
to unrolling the rock anchorage on site; if this
operation is not performed properly, the strands
may slide against each other leading to buffer
damage due to the elastic force of the same. In
order to prevent this, we recommend handling tiebars carefully by placing them down correctly on
a surface and by taking care over unrolling them.
Specific weight 1.541.62 g/cm3 ASTM D792-91

Cohesion resistance : 95 105 C
Penetration : 5060 @ 20 C ASTN D217-94
Manual pad execution
10.6 Packer
When required, a packer with an grout and vent

system to guarantee correct filling is supplied to
divide the free part from the bulb.
The bag is made of artificial fabric with a weight
of 300 g/m2 and a diameter of 180 mm.
10.7 Valvate pipe type T-001

These tubes are the most delicate part of the rock anchorage as they must guarantee the unfurling of
the same in small diameters, resistance to working pressures, no deformation, a seal in low and high
working pressures, resistance to jumps in temperature always maintaining the same characteristics
and the possibility of Paker grout, valve by valve.
All rock anchorage produced with valvate tube
type T-001 27/34 mm. are created in single bar.
The single bar solution was adopted to guarantee
correct Paker injection and increased certainty in
recovering the same at the end of grout.
The high quality of the materials used in the

extrusion of the T-001 27/34 mm. tube make it a
very ductile product so as to guarantee suitable
elastic return on unrolling. Nevertheless, we
always recommend unrolling rock anchorage on
arrival at the site so as to facilitate the return of
the 27/34 tube to its initial shape.
10.7.1 Valvate pipe types T-001 and T-002 27x34 mm.

The 27x34 valvate tube for selective grout, type
T-001 guarantees the passage of the double
piston after unwinding as its main characteristic
is the internal calibration of the tube. It is made
of stabilised PVC with resin additives that
guarantee the required flexibility.
With T-001 type tubes it is possible to grout valve
by valve, by applying repeated grout to the rock
anchorage. All T-001 type tubes are created in a
single bar.
In order to guarantee repeated grout, the tube
must be washed after each grout cycle.
Valvate tube 27x34 mm. type T-001
The T-001 type tube can resist valve opening

pressures of 150 bar.
For the correct use of valvate tubes type T-001,
we recommend unwinding the rock anchorage on
arrival on site and creating a stock of unwound
rock anchorage.
Valve on valvate tube 27x34 mm. type T-001
On request,
T-002 27x34 mm. tubes are
available that do not guarantee selective grout,
but grout only in the hole mouth. They are made
of polythene and tend to become oval on rolling
up, offering poor geometric memory of the
internal tube calibration dimensions.
We recommend against using T-002 tubes with a
double piston due to loss of the same that can
have the problem of remaining blocked in the
oval section.
The T-002 tube cannot be used for repeated reinjections as it is difficult to wash after initial
grout.
Il the T-002 type tube can support valve opening
pressures of 100 bar.
Double flexible piston type XG27-600
10.7.2 Valvate pipe type T-003-U 15x21 mm.

The valate tube for repeated injections 15x21
mm. type T-003-U is made of stabilised PVC with
a resin additive that guarantees the required
flexibility.
With T-003-U type tubes it is possible to
simultaneously inject the valves, by applying
repeated injections to the rock anchorage.
To guarantee repeated injections, it is necessary
to wash the tube after every grout cycle.
U- shaped tube for repeated grout on a permanent anchor.
The T-003-U type tube can support valve

opening pressures of 150 bar.
U-shaped tube for repeated grout
Valvate 15x21 tube coupled with a U
10.7.3 Valvate pipe type T-004 10x14 mm. ( micro-valvate )

Valvate tube for repeated grout 10x14 mm. type T004. This tube is made of stabilised PVC with a
resin additive that guarantees the required
flexibility.
T-004-S tube external to a permanent rock anchorage
T-004-S tube external to a permanent rock anchorage with a

DD-ED spacer
T-004-U tube external to a permanent rock anchorage
T-004-U tube external to a permanent rock anchorage with

a DD-EF spacer

simultaneously grout the valves by applying
repeated injections to the rock anchorage. T-004
tubes are used with two different application
systems:
- T-004-S tube in a single bar with valves every
0.5 metres; re-grout is guaranteed in this
version.
- T-004-U tube in a single bar with valves every
0.5 metres only of the input to guarantee regrout.
T-004-U tube external to a permanent rock anchorage with a

DD-ED spacer
To guarantee repeated grout, it is necessary to

wash the tube after every injection grout. The T-004
type tube can support valve opening pressures of
150 bar.
10.7.4 - Valvate pipe type T-005 15x21 mm. ( micro-valvate )
Valvate tube for repeated grout 15x21 mm.

type T-005. This tube is made of stabilised
PVC with a resin additive that guarantees the
required flexibility
simultaneously grout the valves by applying
repeated grouts to the rock anchorage. T-004
tubes are used with two different application
systems:
-
T-005-S tube external to a permanent rock anchorage
T-005-S tube in a single bar with valves

every 0.5 metres; re-grout is guaranteed in
this version.
T-005-U tube in a single bar with valves
every 0.5 metres only of the input to
guarantee re-grout.
To guarantee repeated grout, it is necessary to

wash the tube after every grout cycle.
The T-005 type tube can support valve
opening pressures of 150 bar.
T-004-U tube external to a permanent rock anchorage with

DD-EF spacer
10.7.5 - Valvate ( Micro valvate ) types T-004 and T-005 on temporary rock anchorage
The valvate types T-004 and T-005 are

created with tubes of inferior quality, size and
cost compared to normal grout tubes.
They are created to permit installers to fit a
single channel or U-shaped valve to temporary
rock anchorage, so as to guarantee the
possibility of recovery in the case of rock
anchorage extraction by grout the bond length
with high pressure.
Rubber valve on micro-valvate
Valvate types ( micro-valvate )

-
T-004-S mono valvate tube with valves every

0.5 m. dimensions 10x14 mm.
T-004-U double U-shaped valvate with valves
every 0.5 m. dimensions 10x14 mm.
T-005-S mono valvate tube with valves every
0.5 m. dimensions 15x21 mm.
T-005-U double U-shaped valvate with valves
every 0.5 m. dimensions 15x21 mm.
T-004-S tube external to a temporary rock anchorage
With classic valvate tubes it has always been

impossible to supply temporary rock
anchorage with the possibility of re-grout at
contained costs. With the type T-004 and T005 tubes with valves every 0.5 metres the
installer has a simple to use system capable of
remedying the extraction of temporary tiebars.
T-005-S tube external to a temporary rock anchorage
The valves every 0.5 m. apart guarantee

injection diffusion and more even re-grout in
all the bond length part.
The 0.5 m. spacing requires each valve to
diffuse laterally by 25 cm., certainly possible at
pressures in excess of 50 bar.
10.8 End cap

There are two types of rock anchorage end cap; steel ones for temporary rock anchorage and
polythene ones for permanent rock anchorage.
Steel tips are welded to the end of the strand and have the function of facilitating rock anchorage
insertion into the bore hole.
The sole purpose of the welding is to secure the tip to the strands, as the strand by its nature cannot be
welded.
All permanent tie-bars have an H.D.P.E. tip connected to the corrugated protection sheath.
The plastic tip is fixed to the corrugated sheath with suitable tape to secure it and to facilitate insertion
into the bore hole.
Permanent rock anchorage complete with DD7032 and DD7033 end cap
10.8.1 End cap for permanent rock anchorages

DD-70 end cap are made of H.D.P.E. polythene
and have a stop inside for fast attachment to the
corrugated sheath; when fitting them It is always
necessary to check compatibility with the
reference corrugated sheath.
The end cap are designed for coupling to the
16x20 mm. corrugated sheath and tube.
Application of tips DD7032 and DD7033.
All permanent rock anchorage must be fitted with

a plastic tip to guarantee the perfect insulation of
the bond length; a permanent rock anchorage
with an open end cap cannot be considered to be
permanent, as it is temporary.
The opening on the corrugated sheath does not
guarantee perfect bond length insulation.
DD-7032 end cap
(sheath external diameter 75 mm)
DD-7033 end cap
(sheath external diameter 90 mm)
15x21 mm U-shaped tube type DD1029 complete
with DD1025connectors created with interference
coupling and glue fixing.
Tips made of PVC T85
The T85 tips made of PVC have an internal

thread compatible with the 27/34 mm. valvate
tubes.
U type DD1029
10.8.2 End cap for temporary rock anchorage

The end cap can be supplied on request, already
provided with the hole for the 16x20 mm. tube.
T60 steel end cap
Welding is always imperfect as the strand cannot

be welded.
-
T60 welded end cap
The T40, T60 and T90 tips are made of Fe360

steel; during rock anchorage assembly, they are
welded to the end of the foundation.
T40 steel end cap

T60 steel end cap
T90 steel end cap
10.8.3 Internal spacers

The internal spacers are made of H.D.P.E. and are designed to permit suitable strand distribution and
sinusoid effect in the rock anchorage.
The sinusoid effect of the strand is essential for
correct bulb holding in the soil; this requires
attentive and careful execution for the success
of an assembly.
Fitted spacer
Fitting is executed with automatic and manual

machines to guarantee perfect assembly work.
The metal ties permit constant sinusoid pitch and the
maintenance on the same when the rock anchorage
is rolled on site.
Spacer tying on bond length
The following spacers are the most used

ones:
Internal spacer type 6TRx20.
- 6TRx20 spacer for TPR 00 or TPR 01

type rock anchorage where only the passage
of a 16x20 mm. tube with the capacity of a
maximum of 6 strands to the outside is
required in the central hole.
- 6TRx40 spacer, for TPE 04, type rock
anchorage where the passage of a 27/34 mm
valvate with the capacity of a maximum of 8
strands to the outside is required in the
central hole.
- 6TRSx20 spacer for the passage of a
16x20 mm. tube with the capacity of a
maximum of 8 strands to the outside is
required in the central hole.
Internal spacer type 6TRx40
The spacers are installed in the active or

bond length part, every 1.5 metres, starting
from the end cap of the same.
They can be secured with a metal band or
tape depending on the application and forces
the rock anchorage is subjected to on rolling
up.
Internal spacer type 6TRSx20
10.9 External spacers

Two different kinds of external spacers are available
-
DD-EF fixed type.

DD-ED dynamic type
The DD-ED ( dynamic type ) type, guarantees a

dynamic centring effect. As it deforms it centres
itself in the entire section of the bore in the entire
circumference of the section concerned.
DD-ED type spacers in two halves before fitting.
DD-EF type spacers fitted with external valvate
The DD-EF type only guarantees the fixed

spacing of the rock anchorage to the bore walls at
four points as foreseen by standard UNI EN 1537
2002 point 6.6
DD-EF type spacers fitted to a permanent tie-bar.
10.9.1 - DD-ED type spacers ( dynamic type )

(EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.6)
On customer request, rock anchorage are supplied with centring devices/spacers that permit rock
anchorage centring in the bore and the cover of a minimum quantity of cement of 10 mm. towards the
bore wall.
The centring devices/spacers do not block the flow of injection mortar and are created in a corrosion
resistant material.
In accordance with EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.6, two types of centring systems are
proposed or as differently established by the customers technician.
The DD-ED spacer ( dynamic type ) guarantees a dynamic centring effect. As it deforms it centres
itself in the entire section of the bore in the entire circumference of the section concerned.
DD-ED spacer (dynamic type)
10.9.2 - DD-EF type spacer ( fixed type )

The DD-EF type spacer ( fixed type )guarantees the fixed spacing of the rock anchorage to the bore
walls at four points.
DD-EF type spacer
These spacers are almost never required in geotechnical applications; in the offers, they are quoted
separately and they are included in the variations to standard supply in the sheet for each rock
anchorage.
Handling and transport operations can damage them; we recommend fitting external spacers on site
before insertion into the bore hole.
10.9.3 DD-ED external spacer applications
DD-ED type spacer
DD-ED spacer application on TPE 02 S
On customer request, rock anchorage are

supplied with centring devices/spacers that permit
rock anchorage centring in the bore and the cover
of a minimum quantity of cement of 10 mm.
towards the bore wall.
The centring devices/spacers do not block the
flow of injection mortar and are created in a
corrosion resistant material.
In accordance with EURO NORM EN 1537-2002
paragraph 6.6, two types of centring systems are
proposed or as differently established by the
customers technician.
DD-ED spacers supplied in two halves
The DD-ED spacer guarantees

a dynamic
centring effect. As it deforms it centres itself in
the entire section of the bore in the entire
circumference of the section concerned.
The spacers are supplied in two halves, tied
together and are available in the following sizes:
-
DD-60-ED
DD-70-ED
DD-85-ED
DD-95-ED
( internal diameter 60 mm )
10.9.4 DD-EF external spacer applications
DD-EF fixed indentation spacer.
DD-EF spacer application to TPE 02 S
On customer request, rock anchorage are

supplied with centring devices/spacers that
permit rock anchorage centring in the bore and
the cover of a minimum quantity of cement of 10
mm. towards the bore wall. The centring
devices/spacers do not block the flow of grout
mortar and are created in a corrosion resistant
material.
In accordance with EURO NORM EN 15372002 paragraph 6.6, two types of centring
systems are proposed or as differently
established by the customers technician
DD-EF spacer application
The DD-EF indentation spacer, guarantees

fixed rock anchorage spacing in the bore walls
at four points.
The following sizes are available:

DD-60-EF
DD-70-EF
DD-85-EF
DD-95-EF
DD-EF spacer on corrugated sheath
10.10 Rock anchorage assembly

The rock anchorage are assembled on automatic lines where manual work is restricted to solely non
one cycle operations. The high specialisation of the work force, internal procedures, operating
instructions, system calibration, periodical inspections, personnel training, product tracking and
highly computerised in-line production management are the means adopted to guarantee high
productivity standards.
Each line has a manager who supervises and

organises the production of four persons
assembling the rock anchorage.
The component lists are sent by modem to the
operating unit that guarantees the monitoring of
all its activities .
Taping a tie-bar
Production is organised with full respect for

product tracking with the electronic identification
of all the rock anchorage produced.
The tie-bars are perfectly identified by cards
permitting distinction by lot, customer and type: it
is possible to supply all the quality documentation
for the materials of each single rock anchorage.
Bulb assembly
10.11 Storage area

Storage are is the most important part of rock anchorages production. Their conservation under cover,
suitable handling, division by lot and customer, suitable protection and packaging, make the rock
anchorage a qualified product, consigned to customers with all the measures that guarantee its
conservation also on site.
The finished rock anchorage are raised with
suitable lifting equipment that guarantees sheath
conservation.
They are then moved to a storage area ready for
shipment.
The tie bars are deposited in special containers
that permit keeping the product divided by lot, type
and customer.
All the rock anchorages are packed into groups of
several pieces and are identified, one-by one with
suitable cards.
Rolling up and transport to storage
Tie-bar storage
Rock anchorages loading in the plant
Shipment
After being suitably stored, the rock anchorage are
moved, again with the special lifting system and
deposited on the load-deck of the transport vehicle,
conserving the sheaths and cards against damage.
The plates, and anchors supplied in suitable
containers are deposited inside the free, central part
of the rock anchorages. Special attention must be
paid to recovering them on site.
To facilitate the on site unloading operations, we
recommend using suitable lifting means and
depositing the rolled-up rock anchorages on a
suitable surface.
11 DOUBLE PISTON XG27-600 FOR SELECTIVE GROUT

ON VALVATE TUBE TYPE T-001 27/34 mm.
Double, flexible piston type XG27-600
The double piston type XG27-600 is created with a highly resistant spring permitting device flexibility;
it compensates the natural deviations of the valvate tube and guarantees selective grout of the sleeve
valves up to a max. pressure of 120 bar.
The PO27 gaskets, made of high abrasion resistance polyurethane, guarantee extended life in use.
Characteristics:
-
Double piston type XG27-600 for 27/34 mm tube,

PO27 gaskets for double piston,
10x21 mm tube for double piston XG27-600,
The double piston is supplied complete with fitted gaskets. We recommend always supplying the
customer with spare gaskets,
The double piston acts by guaranteeing the gasket seal only on tubes supplied by our company; on
tubes of different sizes, even with just small diameter variations, the seal is not guaranteed,
The seal is not guaranteed on tubes type T-002 27/34 mm made of H.D.P.E.,
The double piston must always be greased before use to make it easier to slide into the valvate
tube.
Composition for recommended grout:

Injection parameters to produce around 36 litres of grout mix
-
50 Kg cement- type 425,

20 litres of water,
500 gm. Flowcable
In order to facilitate injection in high pressure conditions, when the sleeve valves open we suggest
using 325 type cement.
The particular feature of this piston is its adaptability to the valvate tube, always guaranteeing a
perfect grout seal. It is used for injections on RRM valves or on valvate 27/34 sleeve tubes.
The double piston type XG27-600 is comprised of two seal gasket blocks; the spring that permits the
double piston to adapt itself to the curves of the valvate tube, maintaining the seal also on deformed
tubes.
Tip of flexible double piston type XG27-600

PO27 Gaskets
Special gaskets have been created for the XG27-600 double piston type PO27 so as to guarantee a
perfect seal and at the same time to offer great corrosion resistance from abrasion, typical of cement
mixes.
The special polyurethane they are made of guarantees perfect cleaning after use and permits working
pressures of up to 250 bar.
Tip of double flexible piston type XG27-600 complete with PO27 gaskets
Tip of double flexible piston type XG27-600 inserted in an RRM valve
12 UNDER PLATE PROTECTION FOR PERMANENT TIE-BARS

The purpose of external head protection according to EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.11.3
is to procure efficacious connection with the protection of the free length, in order to protect the
reinforcement section under the support plate.
In order to resolve the hermetic condition problem on the free length part close to the support, a
special DD-TR device has been created that guarantees protection continuity in the terminal part of
the strands.
DD-TR Under plate protection
DD-TR under plate protection on screwing in
DD-TR under plate internal part
DD 0525SF spherical support for total DD-TR protection and short Cap
DD 0525SF spherical support complete with total DD-TR protection and long Cap
The DD-TR type device permits blocking the end of the smooth sheath against a rubber gasket so as to
obtain a hermetic seal against infiltration. This special device is comprised of a polythene coupling
cone that permits the housing of three types of sheath. Suitably cut on-site ( pre-arranged ) for the
required sheath, it permits blocking the smooth sheath by screwing down the central part onto the
external part, thus guaranteeing a hermetic rock anchorage.
Type
Sheath diameter
No. of strands
Anchor type
( mm )
DD234-TR
DD234-TR-63-2
DD234-TR-74-2
DD234-TR-87-2
DD234-TR-63-3
DD234-TR-74-3
DD234-TR-87-3
DD234-TR-63-4
DD234-TR-74-4
DD234-TR-87-4
DD56-TR
DD56-TR-63-5
DD56-TR-74-5
DD56-TR-87-5
DD56-TR-63-6
DD56-TR-74-6
DD56-TR-87-6
DD78-TR
DD78-TR-90-7
DD78-TR-100-7
DD78-TR-110-7
DD78-TR-90-8
DD78-TR-100-8
DD78-TR-110-8
Diam.
Length
( mm )
( mm )
63
75
90
63
75
90
63
75
90
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
2TTR15
2TTR15
2TTR15
3TTR15
3TTR15
3TTR15
4TTR15
4TTR15
4TTR15
63
75
90
63
75
90
63
75
90
353
332
291
353
332
291
353
332
291
75
90
100
75
90
100
5
5
5
6
6
6
5TTR15
5TTR15
5TTR15
6TTR15
6TTR15
6TTR15
75
90
100
75
90
100
292
255
209
292
255
209
90
100
110
90
100
110
7
7
7
8
8
8
7TTR15
7TTR15
7TTR15
8TTR15
8TTR15
8TTR15
90
100
110
90
100
110
390
340
310
390
340
310
Seal gasket on smooth sheath
13- ANCHOR TYPES

Anchors are defined as devices aimed at transferring the traction of elementary rock anchorage to the
anchoring.
The following types of anchors are commercialised together with their reinforcement.
12.1 - Strands
TTR type anchors for 1 to 9 strands with multi-jack tensioning systems and TTM type anchors for from
1 to 27 strands with single-jack systems.
TTR anchor
TTM anchor
12.2 - Bars
TTB series anchors for bars: 26.5 32 and 36 mm.
Nuts for per TTB anchor

TTB anchor
14 - DD-SF SPHERICAL SUPPORTS

DD-SF spherical supports are recommended for installing inclined rock anchorages, temporary rock
anchorages and permanent ones, offering the installer:
-
Correction of boring angles,

No recourse to welded structures to guarantee square anchoring,
Easy installation,
Easy fixing to the bulkhead
DD SF spherical type supports
DD-SF support flexibility permits the following angle possibilities:

-
DD 0525SF installations with 20 to 30 of inclination

DD 0520SF installations with 15 to 25 of inclination
The DD-SF spherical support permits the
installation of temporary and permanent rock
anchorages.
The spherical cap rests on a support that transfers
the force to the bulkhead, reducing the load
transfer coefficient.
The DD-SF supports are designed for the
installation of a transition tube by a thread
located at the rear; this possibility guarantees
boring continuity crossing bulkheads and
supports.
DD 0520SF spherical support
DD 0525SF spherical support with 5TTR15 plate
The inclination is created via a spherical support

that guarantees a self-aligning effect to the
boring axis.
DD 0525SF spherical support with 5TTR15 plate and

5TTR15-100 cap.
14.1 - DD-SF applied to temporary rock anchorage type TPR
The DD-SF spherical support permits temporary and permanent rock anchorage installation.
The spherical cap rests on a support that transfers the force to the bulkhead, reducing the load
transfer coefficient.
The DD-SF supports are designed for installing a transition tube via a thread in the rear part; this
possibility permits guaranteed boring continuity through bulkheads and walls.
14.2 - DD0015-CVprotection on permanent rock anchorage type TPE
Permanent rock anchorage can be protected on elementary T15 anchors with DD0015CV protection
elements, that guarantee a covering of grease on the elementary anchors and re-tensioning without
corrosion of the blocking parts during the temporary life of the rock anchorage.
DD0520SF spherical support
The protection elements are made of polythene 16x20 mm. tubes to protect the strand that can be of
variable length supplied by T.T.M.
14.3 Supports type DD-SF applied to permanent rock anchorage type TPE complete with Caps.
DD 0525SF spherical support complete with total protection
Permanent rock anchorages can be protected on elementary anchors with DDTR protection elements
that guarantee anchor under-plate protection during the permanent life of the rock anchorages.
The C-Cap type DD-CP-100 protection caps complete the protection.
Protection caps (High density polythene protection Caps H.D.P.E.) EURO NORM EN 1537-2002
paragraph 6.11.3 and prospect 3 ref. 4. anchor head.
DD0520SF spherical support complete with total protection
The DD-CP-100 type cap is made of polythene ( H.D.P.E. ) and guarantees protruding protection of
the anchor plate up to a maximum of 100 mm.
15 - APPLICATION CON CAP

The Caps can be supplied in the L-Cap type DD-EX-400 version so as to permit the protection of
strands 400 mm. long a length that permits rock anchorages re-stressing over time. Protection caps (
Rigid plastic protection cap) EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.11.3 and prospect 3 ref. 4.
anchor head.
DD 0525SF spherical support complete with total protection and long cap for re-stressing
DD 0520SF spherical support complete with total

protection and long cap for re-stressing
Long cap for re-stressing
16 BUSH COVERS TYPE DD0015-CV

The DD0015-CV type bush covers are designed to
protect single T15 anchors from corrosion.
The anchor must be manually greased and then
covered with the DD0015-CV cover. The strand
protruding from the same is protected by a 16x20
mm. tube cut to size to cover the entire length.
The tubes and bush covers are made directly of
H.D.P.E.
DD0015-CV type bush cover with 16x20 mm. tube
16x20 mm. tube

DD0015-CV cover
Protection made in this way is easy to remove and

permits successive re-stressing.
5TTR15 anchor with protected bushes
17 TYPE TTR ANCHORS

The TTR anchor is the most practical one for rock anchorage stressing. Its characteristics are easy
stressing and tension precision.
These anchors are tensioned simultaneously (to equal pressure) with as many TTR250KN-200 jacks as
there are strands assembled in the rock anchorage.
With this system, we succeed in applying equal forces to all the strands avoiding tension imbalances
due to slack cords that on rock anchorage with a free part of less than 18 metres can lead to strand
tension imbalances of 30% if tensioned with a single jack.
TTR anchors are made of nodular cast iron type GS500-7 UNI ISO 4544, 50-7 ISO, FGS 500-7 NF A
32-201, 500-7 BS 2789 and GGG 50 DIN1693 or of C40-45 UNI EN 10083/1 steel.
Anchor fixing is by way of conical trunk bushes made of C40-45 UNI EN 10083/1 steel and with
clamps type 7015-T15 made of 16NiCr4 UNI EN 10277-4 steel or type 7017-T15 made of 9SMnP28
UNI 4838 steel.
TTR type anchor technical drawing
Anchor type
2TTR15
3TTR15
4TTR15
5TTR15
6TTR15
7TTR15
8TTR15
9TTR15
A
( mm)
180
190
215
240
255
280
300
310
B
( mm)
185
185
200
210
220
245
265
265
C
( mm)
66-77
65-92
65-92
77-92
77-92
92-110
92-110
92-110
D
( mm)
130
130
130
130
170
170
190
190
Subject to change
E
( mm)
140
140
140
140
150
150
150
150
F
( mm)
292
292
292
292
353
353
390
390
G
( mm)
26
26
26
37
37
37
40
40
Extra data available on request
18 - TTM AND TTM-F TYPE ANCHORS ( Threaded plate )

The TTM type anchor proves to be more practical for tensioning rock anchorage with more than 9
strands. This anchor is more compact and permits lower load losses due to deviations in the anchoring
zone.
Special attention must be paid to the tensioning procedures as only one jack is used. It is important to
reduce the slack cords of the free part before tensioning in order to avoid load losses.
Reinforcement takes place on a plate with conical trunk holes made of C40-45 UNI EN 10083/1 steel
and with clamps, type 7015-T15 made of 16NiCr4Pb UNI EN 10277-4 steel or type 7017-T15 made of
9SMnP28 UNI 4838 steel. It may be supplied with a threaded plate for future force regulations in the
TTM-F version.
M type jacks are employed to place these anchors under tension that because of their nature require
the use of suitable lifting means.
4TTM-F15 type anchor
TTM type anchor technical darwing
Anchor type
3TTM15
4TTM15
5TTM15
6TTM15
7TTM15
8TTM15
9TTM15
12TTM15
15TTM15
19TTM15
A
( mm)
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
180
200
200
220
B
( mm)
115
115
115
115
130
130
140
140
170
180
200
C
( mm)
66-77
65-92
65-92
77-92
77-92
92-110
92-110
92-110
110-120
110-120
110-120
D
( mm)
130
130
130
130
170
170
190
190
190
200
200
Subject to change
E
( mm)
140
140
140
140
150
150
150
150
150
150
150
F
( mm)
292
292
292
292
353
353
390
390
420
420
420
G
( mm)
55
55
55
55
55
55
60
60
60
60
70
19 TTS TYPE ANCHORS

TTS type anchors prove to be most practical for tensioning inclined rock anchorage without recourse
to additional devices.
Their best properties are ease in performing the tensioning operations and stressing precision.
TTS anchors permit inclinations of a maximum of 15; employing any greater degrees of inclination
can lead to strands breaking under the plate.
These anchors are tensioned simultaneously ( equal pressure ) using the same number of TTR250KN200 jacks as the number of strands assembled in the rock anchorage.
4TTS15 type anchor
With this system, we succeed in applying equal forces to all the strands avoiding tension imbalances
due to slack cords that on tie-bare with a free part of less than 18 metres can lead to strand tension
imbalances of 30% if tensioned with a single
TTS type anchors are made of Fe 510 S355JR EN 10027/1 steel.
Anchor fixing is by way of conical trunk bushes made of 7020 C40-45 UNI EN 10083/1 steel and
with clamps type 7015-T15 made of 16NiCr4 UNI EN 10277-4 steel or type 7017-T15 made of
9SMnP28 UNI 4838 steel.
4TTS15 anchor
TTS anchors are made to order and their dimensions are calculated on the basis of the support
conditions of the anchor.
In order to correctly install them, we recommend pre-stressing the anchors one-by-one with a
minimum load of 2 tons per strand: this permits the spherical bushes to settle in the required position,
facilitating the successive simultaneous tensioning.
When using TTS type anchors we always recommend consulting our technical office.
20 ANCHORING SYSTEMS
All the systems offered are subjected to system testing that verifies their validity.
The technical results of the tests are available to customer technicians for approval and comply to the
requirements of standards EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.1. The system has been tested
in accordance the FIP Recommendations for the acceptance of post-tensioning systems and
according to Circular n 252 AA.GG./S.T.C. Paragraph F of 15 October 1996
- Reinforcement EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.2
The reinforcement used in creating the rock anchorage complies to EURO NORM EN 1537-2002
paragraph 6.2 and to EURO NORM EN 10138 ( Design of pre-stressing steel )
- Anchoring head EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.3
This permits pulling the reinforcement, the load test and blocking, plus if required stress relaxation
and re-tensioning. The anchor head is capable of supporting 97% of the characteristic reinforcement
traction Ptk. The anchor head distributes the reinforcement load on the anchored structure via
components subjected to testing in accordance with EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.3
20.1 Determining stressing values
The Italian Standard Executing special geotechnical work ANCHOR TIE-BARS EURO NORM
EN 1537-2002, establishes and defines the principles of anchor technology. It is applicable to the
installation, testing and control of permanent and temporary anchor rock anchorages and where the
load capacity is subject to testing.
20.1.1 Stressing values for strand anchors for geotechnical works
(EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 9.8)
- Maximum blocking force EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 9.8
The maximum blocking force ( Po ) must be limited to 0.6 Ptk.
Po = 0,6 Ptk
- Preliminary survey tests EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 9.5
The tie-bar must be stressed to breakage ( Ra ) or to the test force corresponding to the lower value
between 0.80 Ptk or 0.95 Pt0.1k.
Ra = 0.80 Ptk or 0.95 Pt0.1k
Strand technical characteristics
Diameter
( T15 )
Standard
pr EN 10138
Strand type
Standard
super
Nominal
diameter
Nominal
area
Mass
ftk
mm
mm2
gr/m
N/mm2
Breaking
strain
( Ptk )
KN
15.2
15.7
140
150
1095
1170
1860
1860
165
1290
1860
ASTM
A779/90
Compact
15.2
pr EN 10138
Elasticity module = 196 +/- 10 KN / mm2
( T15 )
Elastic limit at
0.1% (Pt0,1k)
Relaxation after 1000

h.0,7 - 0,8
f pk
KN
260
279
224
240
2.5
2.5
4.5
4.5
300
258
2.5
4.5
20.1.2 Stressing values for bar anchors for geotechnical works

( EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 9.8 )
- Maximum stressing force EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 9.8
The maximum stressing force ( Po ) must be limited to 0.6 Ptk.
Po = 0.6 Ptk
between 0.80 Ptk or 0.95 Pt0.1k.
Ra=0.80 Ptk or 0.95 Pt0,1K
Ptk
Characteristic resistance of the reinforcement to traction,
Pt0.1K Characteristic force with permanent deformation of 0.1 %
High and medium resistance bar technical characteristics

Diameter
Area ( cm2)
Mass ( Kg/m)
Pt0,1K ( KN )
Ptk ( KN )
fpyk / fptk
Type
Diameter
Area ( cm2)
Mass ( Kg/m)
Pt0,1K ( KN )
Ptk ( KN )
fpyk / fptk
Type
18
2,41
1,96
230
255
950/1050
Y 1050
26,5
5,55
4,48
525
580
950/1050
Y 1050
32
8,04
6,53
760
850
950/1050
Y 1050
36
10,20
8,27
970
1070
950/1050
Y 1050
26,5
5,51
4,48
460
568
835/1030
Y 1030
32
8,04
6,53
671
828
835/1030
Y 1030
36
10,20
8,27
850
1049
835/1030
Y 1030
40
12,57
10,21
1190
1320
950/1050
Y 1050
47
17,35
14,10
1650
1820
950/1050
Y 1050
21 - REINFORCEMENT
21.1 - Strands
Diameter
0.5"
(T13)
0.6"
(T15)
Standard
Strand Nominal Nominal

type Diameter
area
Mass
Breaking
strain
( Ptk )
Elastic Successive relaxation

limit at 1% 1000 h.0.7 0.8 f
pk
( Pt0,1k )
mm.
mm2
g/m.
KN
KN
BS 5896/80
standard
super
12.5
12.9
93
100
730
785
164
186
139
158
2.5
2.5
4.5
4.5
ASTM A416/98
Grade
270
12.7
98.7
775
183.7
156
2.5
3.5
French standard
standard
and
super
pr EN 10138
15.2
15.7
140
150
1095
1170
260
279
230
248
2.5
2.5
4.5
4.5
0.6"
(T15)
BS 5896/80
standard
super
15.2
15.7
139
150
1090
1180
232
265
197
225
2.5
2.5
4.5
4.5
0.6"
(T15)
ASTM A416/98
Grade
270
15.24
140
1102
260.7
221
2.5
3.5
0.6"
(T15)
NORM
B 4258
standard
super
15.2
15.7
140
150
1095
1170
248
265
220
236
2.5
2.5
4.5
4.5
ASTM A779/90 Compact
15.2
165
1290
300
264
2.5
4.5
0.6"
(T15)
Elasticity module = 196 +/- 10 KN / mm2
22 ELEMENTARY ANCHORS
This clamp designed for anchoring single or multiple strands on anchoring plates is for disposable use
and is available in different versions.
Wedges for post-tension used on disposable
anchors.
Wedges type 7015-T15 made of 16NiCr4Pb
UNI EN 10277-4 steel
Wedges type 7017-T15 made of 9SMnP28
UNI 4838 steel,
T15 clamps
Conical bushes complete with marking for

post-tensioning uses for tensioning strands
measuring between 15.2 mm a 15.7mm.
7010-T15 C40-45 UNI EN 10083/1 Bushes
T15 bushes
Spherical conical bushes complete with marking

for post-tensioning uses for tensioning strands
measuring between 15.2 mm a 15.7mm. 7020T15 C40-45 UNI EN 10083/1 bushes,
T15 spherical bushes
Coupler for post-tensioning used on strand

joints.
Sleeve type 7030-T15 with 16NiCr4Pb UNI EN
10277-4 steel Wedges,
Sleeve type 7034-T15 with 9SMnP28 UNI 4838
steel Wedges,
Coupler T15
23 TENSIONING EQUIPMENT
The Standard Executing special geotechnical work ANCHOR TIE-BARS EURO NORM EN 15372002, establishes and defines the principles of anchor technology. It is applicable to the installation,
testing and control of permanent and temporary anchor tie-bars and where the load capacity is subject
to testing.
- Tensioning ( EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 8.4 )
Rock anchorage tensioning must be performed with suitable equipment aimed at permitting the
following functions:
-
Putting the reinforcement under traction and fixing it at its locking force.
Ascertaining and recording the behaviour of the tie-bar under load.
Expert personnel must perform tensioning and recording, under the control of a suitably qualified
supervisor, preferably from a company specialised in rock anchorage or by an equipment supplier in
accordance with EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 8.4.1.
- Equipment/Calibration ( EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 8.4.2. )
Equipment is supplied complete with operating instructions and CE Marking and is identified by a
serial number and construction type for each component of the equipment itself. It is supplied
calibrated according to EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 8.4.2. and the calibration is valid
for six months; calibration follows the machine and the tensioning jacks.
The jack-control unit system permits the entire cable to be tensioned simultaneously by applying the
same load to all the reinforcement strands.
- Maximum blocking force EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 9.8
The maximum blocking force ( Po ) must be limited to 0.6 Ptk.
between 0.80 Ptk or 0.95 Pt0.1k
Equipment characteristics for tensioning TTR anchors
-
Control unit: electrical power supply 380 Volt 50Hz. 16 A 3P+G, maximum pressure 550 bar,
The TTM 450-A control unit is equipped with: push-button pad 10 metes long, wheeled carriage,
double control gauge, differentiated pressure regulation on pulling and return, pressure release
(safety valve), is complete with oil and with everything conforming to the standards in force and
fully respecting EURO NORM EN 1537-2002.
Maximum jack capacity 250-300 KN ( suitable for tie-bar extraction tests to breakage); all the
TTM250KN type jacks have a pulling section of 47.2 cm2, and are available with these strokes:
100, 200 and 400 depending on use,
Calibration is executed with a dynamometer calibrated at Milan Polytechnic on the control unithydraulic extension-distributor-jack,
23.1 - Manifold type DD-EF
Via a manifold, all the control units offer the possibility of being connected to several tensioning jacks.
DD06MF manifold
The DD-MF type manifold is arranged for connecting a sample gauge for pressure checks during the
tensioning activities and is created for maximum working pressures of 700 bar.
The manifolds are available in the following types where the number indicates the pressure outlets
available for jack connection:
-
DD04-MF,
DD06-MF,
DD10-MF,
Different compositions can be obtained by matching several manifolds together in series.
23.2 - TTM-A hydraulic pump
All the machines are provided with a 10 metre long push-button pad for controlling all the operating
phases of the machine. Special regulation valves permit the operator to manually regulate the pressure
in the two circuits of the machine, with extreme ease and precision.
All the equipment leaving the plant conforms to the CE directive, has the marking according to the
machine directive and is calibrated with validity of six months.
Hydraulic pump TTM450-A, studied for

small interventions with a maximum of 6
TTM250KN jacks or DD series bar
tensioning jacks of all kinds.
Its small dimensions make it an optimum
machine for tensioning anchor rock
anchorage.
This machine is designed for intermittent
use and can reach peak pressures of 600
bar and of 550 bar in continuous service.
TTM 450-A Hydraulic pump
Hydraulic pump TTM250-A, studied for small

interventions with the single TTM250KN jack
or for tensioning DD series bars.
Its small size and limited weight, combined with
a working pressure of 550 bar, make it a simple
and practical unit for small jobs.
Hydraulic pump TTM550-A, studied for

heavy duty use with the TTM250KN jack
where continuous service is required.
Its characteristics make it a flexible and
robust machine for use in extraction tests
and for tensioning post-tensioned structures;
it can operate with a maximum of 19
TTM250KN-200 jacks or 9 TTM250KN-400
jacks.
The machine is created for heavy duty use
and can reach peak pressures of 700 bar
and continuous service pressures of 550 bar.
All the circuits have regulation valves and safety over-pressure valves.
The standard control gauges are analogue, but they can be combined with a digital gauge, precise to 1
bar.
The TTM 250-A, TTM 450-A, TTM 550-A and TTM 600-A control units are designed for uses with
TTM250KN jacks.
Hydraulic pump 650, 700 and 750 type control units are created for uses with DD type jacks, for bar
tensioning.
Type
TTM250-A
TTM450-A
TTM550-A
TTM600-A
TTM650-A
TTM700-A
TTM750-A
Weight
( Kg. )
85
170
175
180
150
170
180
Max. pressure
bar.
450-500
450-500
550-700
600-700
450-500
550-600
600-700
Power
KW
2,5
4.5
10.5
10
4.5
5.5
7.5
Subject to change
Volts/Amps
use
380/16
380/16
380/32
380/63
380/16
380/32
380/63
TTM
TTM
TTM
TTM
DD
DD
DD
23.3 Release bells

TR-15 type release bell for T15 single strand
anchors that must be used on TTM250-KN
jacks. Cod. 25057
TR-15 type release bell
TM-15 type release bell for T15 single strand

anchors that must be used on TTM250-KN-M
jacks.
It can only operate on the following series of
anchors:
- TTM,
- M
- G
On all multi-strand anchors.
Cod. 25060
TM-15 type release bell
23.4 Stressing jacks type TTM

TTM jacks are available in three different models in function to use characteristics. All the jacks are
arranged with an automatic wedging circuit and flexible 4 metre tubes.
The main uses of TTM250KN jacks are for
stressing on TTR heads or as single strand jacks on
TTM anchors.
TTM250 KN jacks are supplied in combination with
the following equipment:
-
TTM-A control unit.

DD-MF manifold,
Hydraulic extension,
Release bell.
TTM250KN-C-100 Jack
To complete the equipment, the calibration

TTM250KN-C-100 jack with 100 mm stroke, no certificate according to the EURO NORM EN
wedging and short drive ( 90 mm. ) for 1537-2002 standard paragraph 8.4.2. is provided
and calibration is valid for six months; calibration
tensioning single short strands.
accompanies the machine and the tensioning jacks.
Jack TTM250KN-100
Jack TTM250KN-200
TTM250KN-100 jack with 100 mm. stroke.

TTM250KN-200 jack with 200 mm. stroke.
complete with wedging and a 270 mm. drive.
complete with wedging and a 400 mm. drive.
Characteristics
Capacity
Stroke
Weight
Pulling section
Maximum pulling pressure
Maximum return pressure
Maximum wedging pressure
Tensioning protrusion
Max. diameter
Length
U.M.
KN
mm.
Kg.
cm2
bar
bar
bar
mm.
mm.
mm.
TTM 250 KN
250
200
22
47.2
550
180
180
270
85
930
Subject to change
TTM 300 KN
300
200
25
58.32
550
180
180
300
110
930
TTM 350 KN
350
200
29
65
550
180
180
320
120
950
23.5 Hydraulic pump type TTM-E

Six different TTM-E models of tensioning control units are available, differing in use and
characteristics. This kind of control unit is arranged with output in three tubes for driving M type
tensioning jacks.
All the machines have three control circuits:
pulling, wedging and return; all the services have
regulation valves.
The control gauges are analogue as standard
supply, but they can be combined with a digital
gauge, accurate to 1 bar.
All the machines have a 10 metre long pushbutton pad extension permitting control over all
intervention phases. Special regulation valves
permit the operator to adjust the pressure in the
three machine circuits with extreme ease and
precision manually.
TTM-E Control units
TTM anchor tensioning on DI load cell with M type jack
All the machines have three control gauges for

displaying the pressure in the three circuits; they
have a release valve and excess pressure release
valves.
All the equipment supplied fully respects the
machine directive and is CE marked.
Type
TTM1000-E
TTM2000-E
TTM3000-E
TTM4000-E
TTM5000-E
TTM6000-E
Weight
( Kg. )
290
300
350
380
400
500
Max. pressure
bar.
550-600
550-600
550-600
550-600
550-600
550-600
Power
KW
10
30
12.5
12.5
15
30
Subject to change
Volts/Amps
use
380/32
380/32
380/63
380/63
380/63
380/63
M
M
M
M
M
M

23.6 Stressing jacks type M

M type jacks are available in nine different models differing in their use characteristics. All the jacks
are prepared with an automatic wedging circuit an 10 metre long flexible tubes; they also have
rotation on the axis, short tensioning extension, low operating pressure and simple maintenance tasks.
M6800KN Jack
The jacks are provided with an especially studied support to permit the different required tensioning
inclinations to be obtained.
The support is secured to two bearings that permit the Jack to rotate on its axis, thus facilitating
sliding on to the strands protruding from the head.
Characteristics
Capacity
Stroke
Weight
Pulling section
Max. pulling pressure
Max. return pressure
Max. wedging pressure
Tensioning extension
Max. diameter
Length
M.U..
KN
mm
Kg
cm2
bar
bar
bar
mm
mm
mm
M 1600 KN
1600
250
180
155.51
700
250
250
400
250
1000
M 1800 KN
1800
250
210
320.18
700
250
250
400
320
1000
Subject to change
M 2800 KN
2800
250
280
361
700
250
250
400
340
1000
M 3600 KN
3600
250
390
564.21
700
250
250
450
400
1000
M 4800 KN
4800
250
490
725.71
70
250
250
500
520
1150

All the M type jacks are supplied complete

with the internal part and head accessories.
M series jacks are defined as type M6800KN
and if the internal part is different from
standard the type is indicated as M6800KN22 ( 22 strands )
The jacks are driven by three tubes that
guarantee the following functions:
- stressing,
- return,
- looking,
For correct use, all jacks require a strand
plate to ease sliding the jack onto the cable.
M9800KN-37 Jack
27 strand plate
M6800KN-27 Jack
For anchoring on active anchors, all jacks

require a division bell for correct application
of the jack to the anchor.
The jack only rests directly on the steel plate
in G type couplings.
M4800KN-19 Jack
The main characteristics of the M series jacks

are:
- 350 rotation on the axis,
- short protruding strands,
- automatic wedging via hydraulic
circuit,
- contained external dimensions,
- front greaping,
- easy manoeuvre,
- easy maintenance,
- easy inspection/cleaning of the
engagement clamps,
The jacks are identified by punched on serial
numbers and are supplied with a calibration
certificate.
M3600KN-15 Jack
M3000KN Jack
M1800KN Jack
23.7 - T type grout pump

The T type grout pump is designed to guarantee maximum versatility with regard to site
requirements and use in severe conditions. It is supplied on wheels with robust tyres, it can be towed
on-site and is equipped with all the safety devices necessary for use. The machine has two tanks: one
for mixing the colloidal mix and one as a tank for the mix. The turbo mixer has a turbine capable of
mixing material at 1500 rpm/min.
All the injection pumps are fitted as standard with a gauge, gauge saving device and push-button pad
with a 10 metre extension.
The fast-on fittings, litre-counters, plastic accessories, injection tubes of various lengths, syringe
and the Saunders flow closing valve are considered to be accessories.
T500 grout pump
Saunders valves are membrane closing valves recommended for intercepting mud and cement mixes.
They have the properties of being self-cleaning and if cleaned frequently do not become encrusted.
The litre counter, considered as an accessory is a simple mechanical, turbine fluid measuring device;
it is made of plastic and is applied on customer request. All the pumps have push-button pad control,
equipped with a 10 metre long cable.
Cables of up to 50 m. can be requested. The extension for the push-button pad is supplied on request
and is necessary in all those cases where the operator has to control the machine from a distance,
supervising the injection zone.
The grout syringe is supplied on request, depending on the type of valve used and on the injection
system applied.
Gauge and gauge protection device. The gauge fitted to the machine is not calibrated; calibration
must be specified during ordering
The gauge fitted to the machine is not calibrated; calibration if required must be requested at the
moment of ordering.
Saunders valves are valves that close with a membrane and are recommended for intercepting mud
and cement mixes.
They have the properties of being self-cleaning and of not becoming encrusted, if cleaned frequently.
The litre counter is a simple mechanical, turbine fluid measuring device; it is made of plastic and is
applied on customer request.
All the pumps have push-button pad control, equipped with a 10 metre long cable, but extension cables
of up to 50 m. can be requested. The extension for the push-button pad is necessary in all those cases
where the operator has to control the machine from a distance, supervising the grout zone.
The grout syringe is supplied on request, depending on the type of valve used and on the grout system
applied.
The gauge fitted to the machine is not calibrated; calibration if required must be requested at
the moment of ordering.
Characteristics
Weight
Dimensions
Mixer capacity
Mixing time
Agitator capacity
Max. injection pressure
Max. injection capacity
Agitator power
Pump power
Model T500
900
1900x1500x1900 mm
190 litres
40
200 litres
10-20 bar.
25-40 litres/minute
10 KW
7,5 KW
Subject to change
Model T400
900
1900x1500x1900 mm
190 litres
40
200 litres
10-20 bar.
15-25 litres/minute
10 KW
7,5 KW
DD5001 type gauge protector, complete with gauge
The DD5001 gauge protector for T500

pumps is a device that guarantees suitable
pump protection from the injected mix. This
device is comprised of two parts separated
by a membrane that ensures pressure
transmission to the valve via oil.
When the mix depresses the membrane it
transmits pressure to the oil that in turn
transmits to the gauge.
The gauge protector can be supplied with a
bronze fast-on connector that facilitates
its insertion into pressurised hoses, removal
and washing.
It is essential to wash the device correctly for
it to operate properly.
DD5001 gauge protector cod. 31115
DD7169-B gasket cod. 31116
The DD5001 type gauge protector is
provided with a lateral hole for washing the
device where it comes into contact with the
cement mix; a water pie can be attached to
this fitting.
The DD7169-B type rubber gasket permits
separation of the two mix-oil parts of the
gauge protector.
DD5001 type gauge protector
Saunders valve
The 1 Saunders valve cod. 99999 is the

unique element that guarantees safe fluid
interception. Closing takes place via a
rubber gasket that guarantees a self-cleaning
effect of the seat.
DD7169-B type rubber gasket
All conduits and couplings have bronze faston fittings that guarantee rapid coupling
and an excellent seal.
Bronze 1 female fast-on coupling
Grout pliers complete with fast-on coupling
The syringe permits coupling to the following

valves:
1 male bronze "fast-on" coupling
Tab valves type DD-1003-A

Re- useable valves type DD-3050-A,
Injection pliers
Male 1 fast-on coupling
Female 1 fast-on coupling
DD5001 gauge protection
device
DD7169-B gasket
Gauge in glycerine
1 Saunders valve
Grout syringe
cod. 31117
cod. 30477
cod. 30476
cod. 31115
cod. 31116
cod. 99999
cod. 99999
23.8 Stressing jacks - types DD and DX

There are four models of DD Hydraulic jacks with different use characteristics. All the jacks have 10
metre long flexible hoses and different size keys for all bar types from 26.5 to 50 mm.
DD2000KN Jack
23.8.1 Stressing operation

( EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 8.4 )
Rock anchorage tensioning must be performed with suitable equipment aimed at permitting the
following functions:
-
Putting the reinforcement under traction and fixing it at its locking force.
Ascertaining and recording the behaviour of the tie-bar under load.
Stressing and registration must be performed by expert personnel, under the control of a qualified
supervisor preferably from a company specialised in rock anchorage or from an equipment supplier,
in accordance with EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 8.4.1.
23.8.2 Equipment calibration

( EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 8.4.2 )
Equipment is supplied complete with operating instructions and CE Marking and is identified by a
serial number and construction type for each component of the equipment itself.
It is supplied calibrated according to EURO NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 8.4.2. and the
calibration is valid for six months; calibration follows the machine and the stressing jacks.
The jack-control unit system permits the entire cable to be tensioned simultaneously by applying the
same load to all the reinforcement strands.
The DD Hydraulic jack is supplied complete
with the following parts:
-
DD700KN Jack
Tightening is by way of chain transmission

(inside the jack ) driven by a special lever.
The lever is supplied with a special device that
permits both nut unscrewing and screwing; the
device is protected by a robust casing.
Stressing cylinder,
10 metre long hydraulic hoses,
Additional spanners compatible with bar
size,
Spanner for nut pre-fixing,
Joint sleeve.
DD jacks are designed for automatic tightening.

When the special spanner is inserted in the jack,
the nut can be tightened keeping the bar under
tension; this avoids the use of seatings and
manual tightening operations.
The jack has two robust handles for easy
handling.
The jacks operate with all control units with the
following characteristics:
-
Working pressure 550 bar,

Switch-over hydraulic circuit, flow and
return ( with return discharge )
DD700KN Jack
All the jacks of the DD series are supplied complete with accessories indispensable for correct
stressing:
-
Long-life coupler,
Extension bar,
Spherical, long-life nut
The accessories are contained in the tool-box
ready for use:
-
Internal socket spanner for DD jacks
Long-life coupler, for joining bars with a

minimum protrusion of 10-13 cm., and of
tensioning them reducing the passive friction
to solely the length engaged by the same. The
sleeves are made of high resistance steel that
guarantees long-term use.
26.5 mm. long life sleeve,
32 mm. long life sleeve,
Ratchet for DD jacks
Long-life nut, created with a spherical

support for anchor square alignment
correction; they are made of high resistance
for long-term use.
26.5 mm. long life nut,
32 mm. long life nut,
Long life nut for DD jacks
The length of bar has the same characteristics

as the bars being tightened.
Reversible ratchet, unique for all jack types,

permits nut screwing and unscrewing. It is
provided with a suitable lever to make
screwing easier.
Long life sleeve for DD jacks

DD type jack technical sheet
DD1200KN type jack
Characteristics
Capacity
Stroke
Weight
Pulling section
M.U.
KN
mm
Kg
cm2
bar
bar
DD700KN
700
50
42
132,47
550
100
DD1200KN
1.200
50
54
235,5
550
100
Subject to change
DD2000KN
2.000
50
95
418,40
550
100
DD2600KN
2.600
50
135
521,5
550
100
DX type hydraulic jack technical sheet

-
Stressing cylinder
10 metre long hydraulic extensions
DX type jacks are not designed for mechanical tightening and are used for tensioning on dressed
stones where the nut is manually screwed through its entire minimum length.
DX700KN Jack
Characteristics
Capacity
Stroke
Weight
Pulling section
Tensioning extension
Max. diameter
Length
M.U.
KN
mm
Kg
cm2
bar
bar
mm
mm
mm
DX700KN
700
50
35
132,47
550
100
150
200
230
DX1200KN
1.200
50
43
235,5
550
100
150
270
300
Subject to change
DX2000KN
2.000
50
68
418,40
550
100
150
360
370
DX2600KN
2.600
50
95
521,5
550
100
150
430
490
Stressing on reinforced concrete beams with a DD2000KN Jack
Bar stressing with a DD2000KN jack and TTM250-A control unit 40 mm. diam bars
23.9 - Calibrated gauge type S1000

The S1000 sample gauge permits calibration by comparison with the hydraulic system in use, via
coupling before and after the circuit.
It is supplied in a suitable insulated aluminium box containing a digital gauge with four digit reading,
precise to 1 bar.
The reading is taken by hydraulic insertion via a digital transducer scanning
1-1.000 bar and the pressure value at the application point is displayed.
The instrument can be supplied with diverse certification on request:
-
internal calibration, calibration by comparison

official calibration via authorised laboratory
The sample gauges are deigned for an operating pressure of 1.000 bar. They are supplied with CE
marking, are completely protected and bear identification serial numbers for the controls performed
periodically by our technical service.
S1000 sample gauge
S1000 sample gauge transducer
S1000 sample gauge transducer with strand inserted

23.10 Determining the tensioning value calculated from the calibration certificate
Acknowledging the value required by the Works Director or Company, we proceed as follows:
-
Each control unit has an internal calibration certificate compiled in 3 columns: pulling force (in
tons or KN), control unit pressure and dynometric pressure. This certificate is always enclosed to
the transport document (D.D.T.) accompanying the equipment.
The dynamometer pressure column is included only as a reference element. The comparison
columns are: control unit pressure and pulling force.
We take the pulling value closest to the required value ( example: the table shows 25 t or 25,000
Kg at 529 bar and the company is asking for 24,500 Kg ) and make the following proportion:
25,000 : 529 = 24,500 : X
X = 24,500 x 5295/25,000
X =518 bar
518 bar is the required stressing force.
23.11 Determining the theoretical tensioning value

TTM250KN jacks have the following pulling section: 47.2 cm2; the theoretical tensioning value can
be calculated in this way, without considering system losses:
24,500 ( required tensioning value) : 47.2 cm2 ( jack section ) = 519 bar ( pulling force)
This system does not consider system losses and cannot be used as a calibration system as it is a
theoretical calculation system. This system should only be considered as a check on the value
calculated by the certificate.
The official calibration is always enclosed to the machine, for use on-site when determining the
tensioning values.
Pressure calibration pressure and adjustment:
The tensioning pressure is always affected by the following factors:
-
Jack wear condition,
internal losses in the control unit-jack complex (all machines yields suffer from losses inside the
circuit); hydraulic losses increase in function to the more the machine is sophisticated, to a
greater number of circuits and to longer hydraulic hoses).
The pressure read on the control units control gauge is always relative pressure considered only as
compared to the pressure indicated on in the calibration table, which is the sole absolute reference to
the system.
24. - BARS
24.1 Low resistance bars
Low resistance bars are used for geotechnical applications, have continuous threading and diameters
from 12 to 50 mm.
The main applications are:
- Micro-posts
- Temporary and permanent tie-bars
- Temporary or permanent single bar tie-bars with anti-corrosion protection.
Double protection on bars is afforded by buffers
aimed at confining the internal injection to
defined length elements.
Sliding on the free part is guaranteed by fitting
an H.D.P.E. tube that permits tie-bar lengthening
in the tensioning phase.
Pad fitted to a sheath with an external tube made of H.D.P.E.
The rubber pad located on the ends of the bars to

protect have semi-O-rings that permit joints
between two bars via a calibrated PVC tube
protecting the ends and sleeve.
Bar-buffer-sheath coupling is obtained by
interference, guaranteeing easy and rapid
assembly.
Intermediate pad for coupling to sheath and bar
Technical characteristics of low resistance bars

Diameter
Area ( cm2)
Mass ( Kg/m)
Fpyk ( KN)
Fptk ( KN)
fpyt / fptk
Type
12
1,13
0,89
57
65
500/550
B500
16
2,01
1,58
100
110
500/550
B500
20
3,14
2,47
160
175
500/550
B500
25
4,91
3,85
245
270
500/550
B500
26
5,31
4,17
265
290
500/550
B500
Diameter
Area ( cm2)
Mass ( Kg/m)
Fpyk ( KN)
Fptk ( KN)
fpyt / fptk
Type
30
7,07
5,55
355
390
500/550
B500
32
8,04
6,31
405
440
500/550
B500
36
10,20
7,99
510
560
500/550
B500
40
12,60
9,87
630
690
500/550
B500
50
19,60
15,40
980
1080
500/550
B500
28
6,16
4,83
310
340
500/550
B500
24.2 Medium resistance bars

Medium resistance bars are used for post-tension and geotechnical applications: they have continuous
threads, a diameter of between 26.5 and 47 mm. and working loads of between 568 kN and 1820 kN.
The main applications are:
- Continuous structures or prefabricated elements made of reinforced prefabricated concrete
- Additional reinforcement for reinforced concrete works
- Permanent and temporary rods
- Temporary or permanent single rock anchorage with anti-corrosion
protection
Medium resistance bar technical characteristics

Diameter
18
26,5
32
2
Area ( cm )
2,41
5,55
8,04
Mass ( Kg/m)
1,96
4,48
6,53
Fpyk ( KN)
230
525
760
Fptk ( KN)
255
580
850
fpyt / fptk
950/1050
950/1050
950/1050
Type
Y 1050
Y 1050
Y 1050
Diameter
Area ( cm2)
Mass ( Kg/m)
Fpyk ( KN)
Fptk ( KN)
fpyt / fptk
Type
26,5
5,51
4,48
460
568
835/1030
Y 1030
32
8,04
6,53
671
828
835/1030
Y 1030
36
10,20
8,27
970
1070
950/1050
Y 1050
36
10,20
8,27
850
1049
835/1030
Y 1030
40
12,57
10,21
1190
1320
950/1050
Y 1050
47
17,35
14,10
1650
1820
950/1050
Y 1050
24.3 Accessories for assembling rock anchorage in bar

The grout accessories are divided into the
following types:
PU Tips
DD26.5-PU tips for 26.5 mm. bars
DD32-PU tips for 32 mm. bars
TA Buffers
DD26.5-TA buffers for 26.5 mm. bars
DD32-TA buffers for 32 mm. bars
Rubber accessories for bars
All the end-pieces are made of NBR rubber and are

designed for combination with their sheaths via
interference fitting.
The end-pieces have special external shapes that
guarantee the grout seal on sliding PVC sleeves.
DD-TA pad
Accessory coupling on bars can be executed:

DD-PU pad
DD-TA - DD-TA ( intermediate part )

DD-TA - DD-PU ( terminal part )
The end-pieces are designed with a threaded hole

on the body for injection.
IN Internal spacers
DD26.5-IN internal spacers for 26.5 mm. bars
DD32-IN internal spacers for 32 mm. bars
DD-IN internal spacers for 32 mm. bars
The internal spacers guarantee suitable bar

centring inside the corrugated sheath. The
internal spacers are made of nylon for easier
sheath sliding after assembly.
DD-TA pad application
Buffer on pre-grout bar; the protrusion of the bar

permits sleeve joint connection.
After inserting the sleeve, the PVC tube sliding on
the pads guarantees protection of the same.
PVC tube on pre-grout rock anchorage
Bar tie-bar with DD-EF spacer and tube for external grout
Bar tie-bar in bar with DD-ED spacer and tube for external
grout
Bar tie-bar with DD-EF spacer and tube for repeated

external grout
Bar tie-bar with DD-ED spacer and tube for repeated
external grout
24.4 Grout of rock anchorage in bar

Fitting rubber buffers to 32 mm. diameter bars
and preparing corrugated tube grout.
Taping rubber pads on bars complete with

corrugated tube for grout.
Taping rubber tips on bars complete with
corrugated tube for grout.
Prepared bar grout on an inclined plane: grout is

from below upwards, with the vent at the upper
part.
Upper vent of bar internal grout; the corrugated
tube permits natural venting of the cement mix.
The kind of material is identified by painting the

bars at the cutting zone. The following colours
are used for the respective kinds:
- Green: 950/1050,
- Blue:
1080/1230,
- Yellow: 835/1030.
25 BAR FORM ROCK ANCHORAGE IN BARS

25.1 Temporary rock anchorage - Type TRB-00
The TRB-00 temporary rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian standard
Execution of special geo-technical works ANCHORING ROCK ANCHORAGE NORM EN 15372002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel bars.
The TRB-00 temporary rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and diaphragms
where the type of earth does not have any particular geo-technical problems and where there is a
requirement for temporary rock anchorage.
-
In its bond length part, the bar is bare and by exploiting the adhesion provided by the continual
thread, it guarantees anchoring to the foundation.
The free length part is protected by grease and a sheath. Separation between the free length
and free parts is by way of a pad of sealing material, affording perfect hermetic seal conditions
between the parts.

- Packer insertion,
- External tube for repeated grout - T-004-U U shaped double tube with valves spaced at 0.5 m.
dimensions 10x14 mm.
- External tube for grout - T-004-S single tube with valves spaced at 0.5 m. dimensions 10x14 mm.
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
Temporary rock anchorage - type TRB-00 drawing
Plate
Nut
Internal spacer type DD-EN
HDPE pipe
Grease
Coupler
Bar
External spacer type DD-ED
25.2 Temporary rock anchorage - Type TRB-01

The TRB-01 temporary type rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian
standard Execution of special geo-technical works ANCHORING ROCK ANCHORAGE EURO
NORM EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel bars.
The TRB-01 temporary rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and diaphragms
where the type of earth does not have any particular geo-technical problems and where there is a
requirement for temporary rock anchorage with a free length part and double protection.
-
In its bond length part, the bar is bare and by exploiting the adhesion provided by the continual
thread, it guarantees anchoring to the foundation.
The free length part is protected by a corrugated H.D.P.E. sheath. Separation between the free
length and bond length parts is by way of NBR rubber pads affording perfect hermetic seal
conditions between the parts. A smooth external PVC sheath guarantees the sliding of the free
part of the rock anchorage during stressing.
Free length part of temporary rock anchorage type TRB-01 complete with PVC sheath

- Packer insertion,
- Bar free length part greased and protected by Polythene tube.
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
Accessories for assembling pre-grout bars with double protection
Temporary rock anchorage - type TRB-01 drawing
Plate
Nut
Pad type DD-TA

Corrugated sheath
Grease
Coupler
Smooth sheath
Bar
25.3 Permanent rock anchorage - Type TPB-02

The TRB-02 permanent type rock anchorage are created according to the European and Italian
standard Execution of special geo-technical works ANCHORING ROCK ANCHORAGE NORM
EN 1537-2002 paragraph 6.9.3 and they are made from steel bars.
The TRB-02 permanent type rock anchorage is normally used for constructing bulkheads and
there is a requirement for permanent rock anchorage with a free length part and double protection.
-
In its bond length part, the bar is separated from the corrugated sheath by special
spacers/centring devices arranged radially to the bar itself.
The free length part is protected by a corrugated H.D.P.E. sheath. Separation between the free
length and active parts is by way of NBR rubber pads affording perfect hermetic seal
conditions between the parts. A smooth external PVC sheath guarantees the sliding of the free
length part of the rock anchorage during stressing.
Permanent rock anchorage bond length - type TPB-02 with external DD-ED spacer

- Packer insertion,
- Bar free length part greased and protected by Polythene tube.
- External tube for selective grout type T 001 27/34 mm.
- External tube for grout type T 002 27/34 mm.
- External tube for repeated grout type T 003-U U shaped double tube with valves spaced at 1 m.
- External spacers,
- Protection cap.
Connection between the free length part and bond length part on permanent rock anchorage type TPB-02 with sleeve
Permanent rock anchorage - type TPB-02 drawing
Nut
Plate
Sez. A-A
Pad type DD-TA

Corrugated sheath
Corrugated sheath
Grease
Coupler
PVC pipe
Pad type DD-TA

Corrugated sheath
Internal gout
Bar
External grout
End cap type DD-PU
25.4 Passive rock bolt T-00

Passive bars type T-00 rock bolt
are normally used for constructing
bulkheads and diaphragms where
the type of earth does not have
any
particular
geo-technical
problems and where the device
does not have to be placed under
tension;
its
application
is
therefore passive.
Plate
Nut
External Spacer type DD-ED
External Spacer type DD-ED
26 - SITES
Permanent rock anchorage with long cap
Permanent rock anchorage with short cap
Short cap on permanent anchorage
Long cap
Wall with rock anchorage
Rock anchorage with double protection
Stressing operation with jacks type TTM250KN
Wall with rock anchorage type TPE02SP

Drilling operation
Temporary rock anchorage
Installation of rock anchorage
Rock anchorage with double protection
Permanent anchorage instalation
Bifore stressino operation
Installation of temporay anchorage
Consolidation for mountain
Application of permanent anchorage
Permanent anchorage TPE08
Permanent anchorage TPE08
Application rock anchorage with long cap
Rock anchorage type TPE02SP
Wall with permanent rock anchorage application
Application rock anchorage with long cap for re stressing
- All materials conform to the UNI EN-1537 2002 Execution of special geotechnical work Ground Anchors
standard
Catalogue review : H
Issue date : April 05
Head Office:
Via 1 Maggio, 20 20014 Nerviano (MI) Italy
Tel. +39 0331 588936 fax +39 0331 587773
tensiontec@libero.it - www.ttmsrl.it
Legal Office:
Via Oger Martin, 21 03024 Ceprano (FR) Italy
Tel. +39 0775 91991 fax +39 0775 9199222
C.F. P.IVA 02183230602

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Geotechnical and ground anchor system

ROCK ANCHORAGE TYPES

TEMPORARY ROCK ANCHORAGES

PERMANENT ROCK ANCHORAGES

ROCK ANCHORAGES FOR SPECIAL APPLICATIONS

DI LOAD CELLS ON TTR ANCHORS

DI LOAD CELLS ON TTM ANCHORS

OG LOAD CELLS ON TTR ANCHORS

DOUBLE PISTON - XG27-600

UNDER PLATE PROTECTION FOR PERMANENT ROCK ANCHORAGES 80

Spherical device type DD-SF

APPLICATION WITH CAP

BUSH COVERS TYPE DD0015-CV

TYPE TTR ANCHORS

TYPE TM E TTM-F ANCHORS ( Threaded plate )

TYPE TTS ANCHORS

Stressing jacks - types DD and DX

BAR FORM ROCK ANCHORAGE IN BARS

Rock anchors Rev. G page 3

Rock anchors Rev. G page 5

2 ROCK ANCHORAGE TYPES

Temporary rock anchorage TPR

2.2 Permanent rock anchorage TPE

Permanent tie-bars - TPE re-grout

3 TEMPORARY ROCK ANCHORAGE

Temporary TPR 00 rock anchorage bond part

Rock anchors Rev. G page 8

The rock anchorage is created in this way:

Variations to the standard version

End cap for temporary rock anchorage type TPR 00

Rock anchors Rev. G page 9

Temporary rock anchorage type TPR-00 drawing

Rock anchors Rev. G page 10

3.2 Temporary rock anchorage Type TPR-01

Temporary rock anchorage TPR 01

The rock anchorage is created in this way:

Rock anchors Rev. G page 11

Variations to the standard version

End cap for temporary rock anchorage TPR 01

Pad for temporary rock anchorage TPR 01

Rock anchors Rev. G page 12

Temporary rock anchorage type TPR-01 drawing

Rock anchors Rev. G page 13

3.3 Temporary rock anchorage type TPR-04

Temporary rock anchorage TPR 04

The rock anchorages are is created in this way:

Variations to the standard version

Rock anchors Rev. G page 15

Temporary rock anchorage type TPR-04 drawing

Rock anchors Rev. G page 16

4 PERMANENT ROCK ANCHORAGES

Permanent bond length of rock anchorage TPE 02

The rock anchorage is created in this way:

Rock anchors Rev. G page 17

Variations to the standard version

TTR anchor complete with under plate protection

Rock anchors Rev. G page 18

Permanent rock anchorage type TPE-02 drawing

Rock anchors Rev. G page 19

4.2 Permanent rock anchorage type TPE-02-SP

TPE 02SP rock anchorage with external valvate tube

The rock anchorage is created in this way:

Variations to the standard version