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Vasile Lupu
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Vasile Lupu

Vasile Coci, known as Vasile Lupu ("the Wolf", Romanian pronunciation: [vasile lupu]; 15951661) was
the Voivode of Moldavia between 1634 and 1653. Lupu had secured the Moldavian throne in 1634
after a series of complicated intrigues and managed to hold it for 20 years. Vasile was a capable
administrator and a brilliant financer and was soon almost the richest man in the Christian East. His
gifts to Ottoman leaders kept him on good terms with the Ottoman authorities.
Contents
[hide]

1Early life

2Reign
o

2.1Laws and reforms

2.2Endowments

2.3Education

3Family

4See also

5References

6Sources

Early life[edit]
Steven Runciman says that Lupu's father was an Albanian adventurer, and his mother was a
Moldavian heiress.[1]Nicolae Bnescu (writing in 1926) said that his father was of Balkanic origin,
while his mother was Romanian (Moldavian).[2] Seton-Watson (writing in 1934) mentioned him as
being of Albanian origin.[3][better source needed]Dimitrie Cantemir (16731723) called
him Albanezul ("Albanian").[4] Dragnev say that Lupu's father, Neculai, was of Albanian origin.
[5]
According to Costin his descent was of mixed Albanian and Greek origin. [6] According to Nicoara he
was of Albanian origin.[7] Maksutovic said that Lupu was of Albanian origin.[8]
The Coci family settled Wallachia (ara Rumneasc) in the first half of the 16th century.[9] According
to Sturdza, Nicolae (Neculai) Coci settled from the region of Macedonia, the son of Constantin
(Coce) and Ecaterina.[10]Nicoar,Ciachir,Maksutovici and others say he settled from Arbanasi,
Bulgaria.[11][12][13] Nicolae entered Moldavian nobility in 1593.[14]
He received Greek education.[15]
The first time the name of the family is mentioned in Romanian sources is in 1597, when Nicholas
Coci from Epirustook refuge with other mercenaries in the Arbanasi village. After he had been
involved in a revolt and was defeated, Nicolai Coci was brought to the Romanian Country by Radu
Mihnea, who would occupy the throne of all Romanian Territories (Moldova, Transylvania, Muntenia)
in 1601. Nicolai Coci had eight children: Vasile Lupu, Gabriel Hatmanul, Ilinca, Marga, Anna,
Catherine and George Costea. After his father's death, the family moved to live in Moldavia. [citation needed]

Reign[edit]

Portrait of Vasile Lupu on the wall of theRomanian Athaeneum

Lupu had held a high office under Miron Barnovschi, and was subsequently selected Prince as a
sign of indigenous boyars' reaction against Greek and Levantine competition.[citation needed] This was
because Vasile Lupu had led a rebellion against Alexandru Ilia and his foreign retinue, being led
into exile by Moise Movil (although he was backed by Prince Matei Basarab and the
powerful Pasha of Silistra,Mehmet Abza). Despite having led the rebellion against Greek influence,
Lupu maintained strong ties to the Greeks and the Patriarchate of Constantinople. [16] He pursued a
Greek-Orthodox policy and sought to become the new Byzantine Emperor.
His rule was marked by splendor and pomp. He was a builder of notable monuments (the
unique Trei Ierarhi Monastery in Iai and theSt. Paraskeva Church, Lviv, among others), a patron of
culture and arts (introducing printing presses, founding the Academia Vasilian upper school - that

was to last, as the "coala mare domneasc", until 1821). These acts also had negative effects, the
tax burdens being increased to an intolerable level.
After relations between the two Princes soured, Vasile Lupu spent much of his reign fighting
the Wallachian Matei Basarab, trying to impose his son Ioan to the throne in Bucharest. His army
was defeated twice in 1639 at Ojogeni and Neniori and a third time, at Finta, in 1653. After this last
battle, the Moldavian boyars rebelled and replaced him with the Wallachian favorite, Gheorghe
tefan. Vasile Lupu went into exile and died while being kept in Turkish custody at Yedikule prison
in Constantinople.
Lupu built a strong alliance with hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, arranging the marriage of his own
daughterRuxandra to Khmelnytsky's son Tymofiy (Tymish), who went on to fight alongside Lupu at
Finta.

Laws and reforms[edit]

Vasile Lupu introduced the first codified printed law in Moldavia (1646, published in Iai). Known as
the Carte romneasc de nvtur ("Romanian book of learning") or Pravila lui Vasile Lupu ("Vasile
Lupu's code"),[17] the document does not go against Byzantine tradition, being a translated review
of customs (and almost identical to its Wallachian contemporary equivalent).

Endowments[edit]
Lupu founded churches and monasteries throughout his lands. The liturgical language was
described as "vulgar Greek" by Robert Bargrave who travelled the lands.[18]

Education[edit]
Lupu founded the Princely High School of Trei lerarhi Church in 1640, which thaught in Greek and
Latin.[19]

Family[edit]
The Coci last name was carried on by Stefan Coci (son of Vasile Lupu) who married the daughter
of Petru Rare, a voivode of Moldavia, but also by the descendant of Gabriel Coci named Hatmanul.
The descending line of Coci intersects with aristocratic families from Moldavia, old families such as
the Bucioc, Boulesti, and Abazesti.

See also[edit]

Synod of Jassy

References[edit]
1.

Jump up^ Runciman 1985, p. 341.

2.

Jump up^ Nicolae Bnescu (1926). Historical survey of the Rumanian

people. Cvltvra nationala. p. 35.

3.

Jump up^ R. W. Seton-Watson (21 May 2015) [1934]. A History of the

Roumanians. Cambridge University Press. pp. 74. ISBN 978-1-10751158-3.

4.

Jump up^ Jean Jean Ware Nelson. The Life and the Writings of Dimitrie
Cantemir. p. 13. Vasile Lupu (Basil the Wolf, or as Dimitrie always
referred to him, Basil the Albanian)

5.

Jump up^ Demir Dragnev (2006). Civilizaia medieval i modern n

Moldova: studii : n honorem Demir Dragnev. Civitas. p. 435. ISBN 9789975-912-54-9.

6.

Jump up^ Entangled Histories of the Balkans: Volume One: National

Ideologies and Language Policies. BRILL. 13 June 2013.
pp. 94. ISBN 978-90-04-25076-5.

7.

Jump up^ Nicolae Ciachir. Un istoric romn ancorat n lumea

contemporan.

8.

Jump up^ Gelcu Sefedin Maksutovici. Studii i documente privitoare la

istoria comunitii albaneze din Romnia.

9.

Jump up^ Revista istoric. Editura Academiei Romne. 1993.Vasile

Lupu se trage din familia Coci, venit n rile Romne nc din prima
jumtate a secolului al XVI-lea, era al treilea fiu al lui Nicolae Coci, ...

10. Jump up^ Mihail-Dimitri Sturdza (2004). Familiile boiereti dn Moldova

i ara Romneasc: Abaza-Bogdan. Simetria. NICOLAE COCI
Negustor macedonean, fiul unui Coce (Constantin) i al Ecaterinei
11. Jump up^ Nicolae Ciachir. Un istoric romn ancorat n lumea
contemporan.
12. Jump up^ Gelcu Sefedin Maksutovici. Studii i documente privitoare la
istoria comunitii albaneze din Romnia.
13. Jump up^ Toader Nicoar (2005). Sentimentul de insecuritate n
societatea romneasc la nceputurile timpurilor moderne 1600-1830.
Accent. ISBN 978-973-8445-08-6. Nicolae Coci, arnut din Arvanitohori,
lng Trnovo
14. Jump up^ Constantin erban (1991). Vasile Lupu. Editura Academiei
Romne. ISBN 978-973-27-0205-5. Tot att de sigur este faptul c
Nicolae Coci a fost mare comis n Moldova (martie- aprilie 1593), pe
timpul lui Aron vod Tiranul, c apoi a trecut n ara Romneasc, unde
a fost mare postelnic (octombrie 1593 22 iulie 1594) , apoi din nou ...
15. Jump up^ Richard C. Frucht (2005). Eastern Europe: an introduction to
the people, lands, and culture. ABC-CLIO. pp. 750. ISBN 978-1-57607800-6. Lupu, an ambitious politician of Albanian origin and Greek
education
16. Jump up^ Clin Hentea (2007). Brief Romanian Military History.
Scarecrow Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-8108-5820-6.
17. Jump up^ Susana Andea (2006). History of Romania: compendium.
Romanian Cultural Institute. p. 332.ISBN 978-973-7784-12-4. In the
legislative field, he managed to print the Imperial Code of Laws in 1646
(Vasile Lupu's Code, or the Romanian Book of Learning).

18. Jump up^ Robert Bargrave (1 January 1999). The Travel Diary of Robert
Bargrave: Levant Merchant (1647-1656). Hakluyt Society.
p. 136. ISBN 978-0-904180-63-3.
19. Jump up^ Allen Kent; Harold Lancour; Jay E. Daily (1 February
1979). Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science: Volume 26 Role Indicators to St. Anselm-College Library (Rome). CRC Press.
pp. 65. ISBN 978-0-8247-2026-1.

Sources[edit]

Runciman, Steven (1985). The Great Church in Captivity: A Study of

the Patriarchate of Constantinople from the Eve of the Turkish
Conquest to the Greek War of Independence. Cambridge University
Press. pp. 2867, 3413, 370. ISBN 978-0-521-31310-0.

George Ioan Brtianu (1995). Sfatul domnesc i adunarea strilor n

principatele romne. Editura Enciclopedic. ISBN 978-973-45-0096-3.

N.Jorga "Byzance apres Byzance , pp. 163-181

Preceded by
Moise Movil

Prince/Voivode of
Moldavia
April 1634April 1653

Succeeded by
Gheorghe tefan

Preceded by
Gheorghe tefan

Prince/Voivode of
Moldavia
MayJune 1653

Succeeded by
Gheorghe tefan

Wikimedia Commons has

media related to Vasile
Lupu.
WorldCat
VIAF: 153189336
LCCN: n92055104

Authority control

ISNI: 0000 0003 5575 7951

GND:119065991
SUDOC: 110542061

Categories:

Rulers of Moldavia

1595 births

1661 deaths

Romanian people of Albanian descent

People from Veliko Tarnovo

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