)l{MBeTJ1 XpM TOM

Y aHTMXpWUInaHCKO uotia

o/ce1-l11,u Ba6UllOHCKe xyne

EHE>.UOTEKA OE>PA3 BF.TA1(KIJ K~['l1rf\ IIJE3HECET JlPyrA

np!!KOI;t1dB"~ MHICI.!IOHd'I>CKA WKOlld nplH. ~PA,"V

t&£TOr Ittl EK'CdHAP 4 HEKCKOP

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EI1EJII10TEKA "0EPA3 CRETN-IKI1" (1~IICTPII6Yl\lIja TeJI. 063/ 328-003 / 09-14h)

Y CEHIJ,U BABUJIOHCKE KYJIE

(JKlIBETU XPUCTOM Y AHTUXPUmliAHCKO ,UOEA) (36opHIIK TCKcToBa)

JIpe60g

AHToHIIHa IIaHTeJIlIfi, CTp. 24-29, 71-206,306-335. 30paH Eyn.yrnh, CTp. 7-21, 54-57, 208-306, 336-389 MlIpOCJIaB Fonyoosah, CTp. 30-53,64-70,392-440 BJIaAIIMlIp AIIMIITplIjeBlIfi, CTp. 58-63

YCEHUH BABHJIOHCKE KYJIE

Peueuseuiiiu Ilporojepej CTaBPOCPOp Xaun-Jbytionpar Ilerpoaab Ilporojepej Bajo JOBlIfi BJIaAIIMlIp AIIMIITplIjeBlIfi

)KIfBETU XPIfCTOM

Y AHTUXPUIII1iAHCKO ,U06A

360PHHK TeKCTOBa

Ypeauu« usqan.a JOBaH Cpoyn,

TeXHU'IKli ypeonutc jepej BeJIHMHp blipMaHal\

Ilusain «opuua AJIeKCaHAap J OBlI'IlIfi

KfbUZY iipupeounu BJ1aAMMMp ,I.:(MMMTpMjeBMh lOBaR Cpoyn.

Tupax 500

llltuaMlia <l>lIHefPA<I>, Eeorpan

EEOfPAp,

2004.

AKO HeKO 6yge IIMaO gYXOBHe

CIP - Karanornaaunja y rry6JIllKaJmjll HapOI1Ha 6ll6JIllOTeKa Cponje, Eeorpan

271.2-662:3 (082) 172:271.2" 19/20" (082) 322:271.2" 19/29" (082)

Y ceaun BaBllJIOHCKe KyJIC : )KllBCTll XPllCTOM Y auruxpaurhaacxo l106a : 360pHllK TCKCTOBa / Kl-bllry npnpenana BJIal1llMHp Ll,llMHTpHjCBHh, lOBaH Cpoyn, : [rrpenon AHToHHHa I1aHTCJIHh ... [H I1p.]]. - Eeorpan :

I1paBOCJIaBHa MHcHOHapcKa WKOJIa npa xpasry Cacror AJIeKCaHl1pa Heacaor, 2004 (Beorpan : <PllHCrPA<P). - 443 CTp. : 21 cm.(EH6JIHOTeKa 06pa3 CBeTa'IKll: KI-b. 62)

Tnpaac 500. - Hanovcae II 6ll6JIHorpacpcKe perpepcnne y3 TeKCT.

ISBN 86-83815-33-1

1. Ll,IIMllTplljeBllh, BJIal1l1MllP

I 2. Cpoyn., lOBaH

a) I1paBOCJIaBJbe - Counjanna MMcao - 360PHllllM 6) Xpmnhancxa ernxa - 360PHMllll

u) Counjanaa eTliKa - I1paBOCJIaBHa lIpKBa - 36oPHIII111

COBISS.SR-ID 112823820

5

YMECTO ITPE.n;rOBOP A

ERO jour jenne Klhllre xoja onrosapa IBa30BIf~!a Hamer BpCMeHa. Y n.oj ce HaJIa3e 60rOCJIOBCKe crymrjc Ii orncnn, xao If npasocnaaaa rry6JI1lI.\IlCTllxa, xoja ce nenocpenno TH'-ly crnapn Harne csaxonnennne. On mrraa,a pesoJIYI.\Iije n n.enor nyxa, npexo 6110eTI1Ke no YBODClha HHH-a - 11 csoben,a '10- sexa na 6poj y eJIeKTpOHCKOM xomrroropy. y OBO~! 300pHlU::y ce HaJIa3e TeKCTOBIi KOjIi cy CBaKOM rrOTpe6HII II KOPIICHII pa.m pasvsreaan.a npoueca T3B. "r:I06aJIIl3aUHje" 113 npaaoc.tasne nepcnexrune. T pyUII.ll1 CMO ce ria 03611JhHOCT H OU,l)''lHOCT ayropcxor ~!IIlli:belha oqy LlaBHH 'lIlHllOI.\ll aa 06JIllKOsan,e 360pHIIKa. HaJa~10 ce .ra he -nrranau TO ocerara, ana na he II CXBaTllTil ITa nenorpeumsnx OJr':\BOpa He,,!a. II na CBaKO on Hac Mopa na MllCJIll H .re.ta. xio.iehn ce Ecrv. no csojoj caBCCTH. Ila I'ocrron oja-ra casecr nanty II yxpena Hac na nvrv Csoje IICTUHC II npasne.

Ilpnpehnsas» YOIJU BeJlUKOr nOCTa 2004.

• Hanovena: I1HH (IIH/1I1SII/1yaJlHII HOMep HaJlOrOnJlaTeJbIlPJIIKa) je TII1E (nopeCKII lIi\eHTllcpIIKaUlIoHH 6poj). Kana je yacnen y Yxpajnuu II y Pycnjn, npaSOCJlaSHII nepHIIUlI cv ce no6YHH.11I npOTI!S TOTaJlIITapHOr, noropcxor HYMep"calha (SIl/111 Klhllry 'TJlC.iajre na ce He yn.iaumre", Eeorpan, 2(03), na je II Llpxaa nana HeKOJlIIKO /1y60KIIX If rpesseaux caonurrea.a.

6

nHCMA BJIA,I(HKE BEHHJAMHHA

Muiiipoiionuiii Beuujauuu l/Je9'-1enK06

o KP AJY CBET A

ITI1CMa BJIaAI1Ke BeHl1jaMI1Ha (¢eWleHKOBa) npencrasn.ajy npanu npaMep I1CKpeHe 11 pa3YMHC CKPOMHOCTI1 xan je pe~1 0 mrraruura "npasocnanne aIlOKaJII1IITI1KC". Haje cc maJII1TI1 ca OTKPI1BClhCM JOBaHOBI1M, HCIIOAJIO)!(HI1M jecjJTI1HI1M HYMepOJIOlllKI1M 11 nOl'a~a~IKI1M npcynpollihaBalhl1Ma. BJIaAI1Ka BeHl1jaMI1H Ka)!(e Aa OBO jecy "I10CJICJl,lba speaena" , aJII1 na TO yonlilTe He 3Ha~1I1 na CMeMO 113palJYHaBaTI1 AaTYMC 11 norabarn I~l1(ppC. OTKpl1BelhY CC npncryna ca npWIeCHI1M CTpaXOM E O)!(j 11M, BepOM 11 Jby6aBJbY, a 6e3 caMOYMI1111JbeHOr BI1~elha onora lllTO CMPTHI1III1Ma nnje AaTO. Ilaxne, rpeoa ~mTaTI1 11 31IaTI1, aJII1 11 6111'11 jaxo onpeaan na ce ~mTalhe 11 aaaise He npcrnope y rrOBpUIIlO naxnanas.e 0 anrnxpacry YMeCTO cscnouen.a Csenooennor Xpl1CTa bora.

IIuCMO 1.

Mnoronourrosana Gahyunca o. AJIeKCaHAap!'

bJIarOCJIOBeH 1301' aaut, "KOjI1M )!(I1BlfMO, 11 xpeheuo ce, 11 jecvo" (,0:.

AIIOCT. 17,28).

ITI1TaTC MC sa 6aBJbelhe III1TalheM 0 6JII1311HI1 11 POKOBI1Ma xpaja CBeTa.

Hehy na TO OArOBapaTI1 Jl,I1PCKTHO. Hero hy cauo Harrl1CaTI1 - KaKO na TO pearyje uoje cpne 11 CBeCT peJII1I'I103Ha. [OCIIOJl,e, 6JIarOCJIOBI1!

1. Ja TaKBI1M III1TaIhl1Ma neh» Aa ce 6aBI1M, jep CMaTpaM na caM HeMOhan na IIX AecpIIIIIITIIBHO paapcunoa HI1 y jeAIIoM HII y npyrov CMIICJIY. A UITO ce TWIe mrraisa 0 poxy.ja ce ~IaKpejllt2U03HO 60jlLM na My rrpIIcTyIIIIM: nexa ~le cnace [OCIIOA OA TaKBe APCKOCTII!

2. 3a MeHe je O~IlfrJIeAHO - AO 60JIHe OIlIIIIJbIIBOCTII - Aa je MOj najrnasHl1jII 3aAaTaK ciiacen.e, KOHKpeTHo- HeorrxOAHOCT nerrpexnnne 60p6e ca ipeClI.IW, MOJIlfTBe, acnya.asan,e Haj6JIII)!(er nyra 11 'IIITaBOr HI13a npyrnx, sa MeHe 11 6JII1)!(lhC Ba)!(HIIX AeJIa. 3601' rora 6lf 6aBJbelhe TaKBIIM CTBapIIMa (0 POKOBIIMa HapO'II1To) sa MCHe 611JIO I1CTO xao xana 611 60JIeCHI1K, 6aTaJIlfBllllf 6pIIry 0 TOMe KaKO na CC lf3JIe'III, 1I0'Ieo na II3Y'IaBa: KaA he yMpCTI1? 11 urra he rrOCJIe rora 6IITI1 ca lhl1M?

Moxna OHII Mory Aa YCKJIaAe If "II3Y'IaBalhe" II "nexen.e" - He 3HaM ...

AJII1 cYMlhaM ... EIIJIO KaKO 6I1JIO, ja sa ce6e mnuesc MeHII - uu]e go iuoia! EOJII1 Me 'IaK II xana caMO 1I0MIICJIIIM,'la ce 6aIII1M na TaKBa naran,a. 0,130- )!(e! 13 YAlf MIIJIOCTIIB npcaa MeHII, oxajaaov, MHororpelliHOM, IIpa3HOM (" HepTor Tsoj BI1)!(AY, Cnace MOj, yxpaurean, a OAe)!(Alf HC I1Mejy - BOjTII B a.ero").

A JbYAII ce nanac, xao EBa, nerrsajy y OHO aa UITa HlfCY CIIoco6HII II IlITa 11M HIIje IIOTpe6HO: jeAHII na CnIIp11Tlf3aM, APyrii (a TO cy IIClfXOJIOlliKII "AeCHI1- ~!apII", "MOHapXIICTII"? Hnje JII1 TaKO KOA Bac y IT.?) y "ynrpa-npaaocnaan.e" o xpajy CBeTa ... 11 HeII30CTaBHO ca rtpetipojaaarsesr. EOJIeCT je IICTa, caxro cy JBe cpOpMe; 06a npasna cxpehy ca npasor nyra, "HIIje BeJIIIKO BiiAeTlf Anre.Ic, -- rOBopalile CB. Anronnje BeJII1KI1, - BeJII1KO je csoje rpexe BI1,'leTII" .

. O. Anexcaunap _. je)13H 0)1 PYCKI1X CBClIJTeHI1Ka y Flapn sy. Y TO BpC\le je v Flapn,'. '-'11.10 HeKO,111KCl C!lCIIITl'IIII~" C:l TI!\! 1!\leH()\1. -. Peg.

3. Illro ce TWIe CY1UIUUHCKOZ onrosopa na III1Tatbe 0 xpajy CBeTa, KOA xieue, y6oror, cpopMl1paJIO ce OBaKBO MI1WJheThC:

a) MOlKe 611TI1 na MI1 npexann.anauo npernocnenn.y erany CBeTCKe IICTOPl1jC (<t>I1JIaAeJlcpl1jcKc, OTKp. 3, 3); 6) a MOlKe 611TI1}:(a 11 nnje TaKO; jep ~lOry ce 06paTI1TI1 jour J ananna, KI1HC311, l1H}:(YCI1 (700 MI1JII1 011 a ); B) HC 3HaM; r) 611JIO KaKO 6I1JIO, MI1CaO 0 xpajy xojn ce rrpl16JII1)](aBa Y3HeMI1paBa 11 nofiyl)yje na ce onrrpnje nanpeace cJIa60 CTpCMJbeThe xa cnacen.y.

4. lIITo cc TWIe "lOO(}-ro}:(I1WTher" uapcrsa, TO je 'Il1CTa rpaaraaaja, KOja ).IOJIa311 0).1 pCJII1rl103HOr OCl1pOMaWCH,a, a xao rrOCJICAI1I\a rora - ).10130).111 ).10 IIpI1JICrrJI,I1BaTha 'IYJIHOM rrOI1MaThY CTBapl1: npasocnanaoj peJII1rl103Hoj cseciuu canpureno je ouarnenno na je U:apCTBO EOIKI1je YHYlupallll-b1l 6JJa20galUHll scueoiii, KaKO je rOBOpl10 npen, Cepaqmv, 11 KaKO je OTKPI1BCHO y pesn Eozcujoj.

A TO U:apCTBO Eoxnje je 0).1 CaMOI' AOJIaCKa I'ocnona Hcyca Xpl1CTa "}:(OIlIJIO Y CI1JII1", TO jeer, y rrYHOTI1.

1IITa je OHO? YIIope}:(I1Te MT. 16, 28 11 MK. 9, 1. KOT.\ npsor - "Caua l.JoBelll1jer, nonaseher y U:apcTBY Caojen"; KOA ).Ipyror - "Ilapcrso Boaorje, ).IOlliaBIUC y CI1JIlI". 3 Halll1 , Ilapcreo EOIKI1je OTKPI1JIO ce y I1cycy XPI1CTY. Kaxo? .. 11 "IIDCJ!e tuotu" Y3e rpa Y1IeHI1Ka lIT}:(. - 1I iipeotipasu ce ... CJIlI'IHO ce ).IeClIJIO 11 ca rrperr. CcpacpliMoM npen MOTOBI1JIOBI1M.

Ilapcrso Boxaje - TO je npojann.en.e EO)](aHCTBa, (60)](ctbe 'IOBCKa 1I 'IaK npocnann.en,e "rnapn" (oAC)]().Ie). 3Ha'lll, OH}:(a, CBC TO HaM je aeh naro! A eehe 0).1 rora He MOJlCe 6111UU HUlUlUa. 1IITa TO ioiu xohe JbY).lI1?

Hnjc sarsna na xanajacraaxe 'Ie)](The, xoje, na xpajy xpajesa, lIMajy '1I1CTO 3eMaJbCKI1 xapaxrep, Mory 6111'11 "sehe" 0).1 rora? HlIKaKo! Y60roM cy one nocanne. A OHO IIITO je pa).lOCHO, aaiiu: je lJaK 11 HaMa: )](lIBOT y Eory ... "Ilpanemrocr, 11 MI1P, II panocr y CBeToM Ilyxy" (PI1M. 14,17).

A lIHTeJIl1reHI\lIja, aapaxeaa MaTepl1jaJI113MOM, - y KOHKpeTHoM CJIy-rajy - rpaua JIll, rpana "Llapcrno EO)](l1je na 3eMJbll", xao 11 rrpe peBOJIYI\I1- je ... 1111HAI1peKTHO rro}:(p)!(aBa cOI\l1jaJII1CTI1'IKe aneje ...

Ox! HCMaM BOJbe HII na rnnueu 0 TOMe ... JJ;oca}:(HO! JJ;OCa).lHO! 11 o-iajao crapo! .. EOJIeCT "rrpOrpeCI1BHC napanase ".

A aKO je Llapcrno EO)](lIje EJIaroAaTHo Llapcrso, I1JII1, }:(pynlM pe-nt~Ia: rtpeofipaxcerse '10BeKa 1I CBeTa JJ;YXOM CBeTlIM, OH).Ia jc OHO Hseroso ne. .io, a He naure. MIl ra He MO)](eMO casanarn: ITa TO je a36YKa.

A aKO je TaKO, OH}:(a je aa HaMa na ce npanpenaao na ra rrpliMlIMo.

Kaxo? - Osmnhen.ei«, noxajan.ea. 11 oner ce apabav na I1CTO OHO, aa "CBO·t ]e.10: 60plI ce ca rpecana, MOJII1 CC (JIK. 21, 34-36), 6YI.\11 60}:(ap II Tpe,hE. II HC 6arll1 ce jaJIOBOM apI1TMeTI1KoM.

5. 3uaM, "OHlI" Mory na Mll nparosope (AeJIl1Ml1'IHO CTe n BlI nuca.111) ... A ja HCMaM Hli aasrepy na pacnpaan.av 0 TOMe; jep, 0130 ja 0 ceou nmue«. A ja MlICJIl1M OBaKO: Hl1CAM JA, MHororpellIHlI, T AJ xoja he na ce 6aBH TlIMe!

HeXOTI1l\e MI1 nanajy I1a nauer ).IBa cnyraja 113 }:(peBHe UPOWJIOCTI1: CB.

Anroanje BCJIIIKII jc jC}:(IIOM npllJIIIKOM pa3MIIWJbaO 0 "}:(y611HaMa ).IOMOCTpOja Eoxajer 11 cynOBI1Ma }';O)!(lljllM, rrOMOJIIIO ce II xasao: Focnone! 3601' -tera HeKI1 0).1 JbYAlI nOCTll)](Y CTapoCT II craa,e HeMohll, a ).Ipyrll yMllpy y ).IeTl1tbeM yspacry II MaJIO IKI1Be? 3601' -rera cy jeAHll cnponatuaa, a ).Ipyrrr 60raTlI? 3601' -rera rapaun II 3JIOTBOPII Y)](IlBajy y 6JIarOCTatbY II 0611JIyjy Y CBIIM seMaJbCKI1M ).I06p11Ma, a npasenue yrn.erasajy aanacra n uecpehe?"

Ilyro je OH 6110 06y3eT TIIM MIICJII1Ma, Kal.\a My je oAjeAHOM nouiao mac:

"AHTOHl1]E! CEEE fJIE)l,A] 11 HE fIOD:BPfABAJ CBOM l1CTPA>Kl1BA!b Y CYD,OBE EO)KI1]E; 3A TO lIITO TO nYlIIl1lIIKOJJ;l1" (OTa'lHIIK CB. Hnsarnja Epjaa-raaauoaa).

Ilpyrn cny-raj, 113 )](IlBOTa CB. Ilavena BCJII1Kor, BpJIO noanar.

D,ol)e KO).l n.era Y'Ienll "60rOCJIOB" 113 AJIeKCaHAPllje, Esarpnje. AJIll CB. fIIIMCH He xrene l.\a ra rrpllMll. Osaj ce pacpna n XTC).IC na oAC, aJIlI jc nrrax npso pexao rrOCJIywHIIKy CB. fIIIMcHa:

- PCl\1l ABBII ).Ia ja nohox He pana xera npyror, ).10 na paaroaapaa 0 60rocJI OBJb y.

Osaj npeaece TO CB. fIlIMeHY. CB. fIIIMeH otter O).l611 na ra IIpllMll. Pa3-

).Ipa)](CHll Esarpnje seh 6cjawe rrowao narpar, Hnax, onnaseha pe-te: - Ilohn, mrraj ra: 3aWTO HC xrene ca MHOM na pasrosapa?

CB. fIIIMeH My je rrpeKO rrOCJIYWHlIKa onronopno:

- Pel\11 My: Tll CII 0).1 BIIWIIX, a ja - OA Hll)](IlX; 'I'll MY).lpyjew 0 netiecxon, a ja caM HaY'II10 cavo na ce Y 3CMaJbCKOM CJIaJIa311M; 'I'll xoheur na pasronapaw 0 Eory, a ja rr03HaAOX cajro csoje crpacrn. E, na CI1 Me narao KaKO ncreparn rrJIOTCKY I1JIll HeKY npyry crpacr, ja 611X Tll O).lrOBOpI10!

Esarpnje CC CMllpllO; nocne 'rora, OHII cy nyro paaronapann 0 crpacrnMa ... (ApeBHI1 fIaTepI1K). ETO, TaKO 'IllThaxy 0I\1I!

A MIl jour HIICMO noxenn HI1 na ce xajeno KaKO nan-a; jep, KaA 'IOBCK no-me na ce xaje, The My rana saacra TeWKO 611Ba na "fiorocnoscmyje". CB. JOBaH JIecTBll'IHIIK ynpaso TaKO II rOBOpl1: "Kojn ce xaje He rperia na 601'0- cnoacrnyje" . A urra OH).Ia peha 0 OHOMe xoja join naje no-reo IlI1 ua ce xaje? .. Asaj: jao llaMa!

11 jour: "rrpednnseae acmrrasasxe" 6ecene 0 Eory, xao l1'IllTalhC rrpecpl!IheHllX pa3MllIlIJbaJha 0 Eory - ncymyjy cyse II repajy OA 'IOBeKa yMI1JICThC" (OTa '1HI1K).

10

11

I/UCMO 2.

ce <niHHO, xao UITO je n03HaTO, MHOfllMa (~JaK He cauo pacxonnanaxta I I1cTap I1PBli. "Pymeise n06mKHOCTll" ... "Mn 6paHliMO sepy" - rosopn.ut cy y CBojHM npornacnaa K03al\H II crpenun ... 11 OBO ce BeOMa 1lI1iPOKO pacnpoCTpaHllJIO y HapOAY ... AJm Ilerposa BJIaAaBliHa ce sanpurana, a AO xpaja CBera naje AOIlIJIO.

AJIli ynnaureaa MHcao ce BHUle He MO)Ke y~mpHTH: OA Tor A06a rOTOBO na HeMa HHjeAHor acraxnyror nOABIDKHHKa sepe rom 60rOCJIOBa KOjH ce nnje AOTHl\ao rnrran,a xpaja CBeTa. I10<JeB OA CB. THXOlIa 3aAoHCKor, npexo CepacpHMa CapOBCKor, AO crapaua OIlTllHCKHX H oua JOBaHa KpOHUITaTCKOr, CBH roaope 0 6JIHCKOM xpajy CBeTa. A y TO upeve PYCHja, nacynpor TOMe, CBe BHwe pacre, Ap)KaBHO H KyJITypHO. Ynpaso je OBa nenonynapnocr aanas.asana Ll,ypmbHHa. OHa 3aCJIY)Kyje naxn.y ... A 3aWTO, BliAeheMo nan-e.

2. lJllIm ce na je OH ofipahao na)KlbY H na ananoruy ~mlbeHHl\Y Y APYrHM 3eMJbaMa. Beova je xapaxrcpacru-mo na ce o-rexnaan,e xpaja CBeTa WHPHJIO y l\eJIOM CBeTY, pasynajyha 'ry II HenpaBOCJIaRHe. Ja cau 0 TOMe -nrrao H KOA pHMOKaTOJIll<JKllX nncana. AJIH napo-nrro je xapaxrepacrasna nojasa naponrre cexre "aABeHTllCTa" xoja y-re 0 6JIliCKOM npyros, AOJIaCKY Hcyca Xpacra II xoja onpehyjy pOKOBe Tor Apyror AOJIaCKa. Hexa je TO (xao WTO H jecre), "cexra", APyrHM pe<IllMa, JIa)KHO y-ren,e, ana cava isena nojasa je xapaxrepacra-nta. I1PH TOMe, MeCTO n.enor pobersa je 6IIJIa AMepHKa, OAHOCHO, "najcpehanja" 3eMJba y MaTepHjaJIIIOM CMHCJIY: 60raTa, ofiesfiehena, YA06Ha, 3eMJba xoja Y)KHBa y "A06pHMa" xynrype II CBllM TCJIeCHHM saAOBOJbCTBHMa, OA MHJIlijapAepa AO panaaxa, Oner <IYAHOBaTOCT ...

OCHM rora, peJIHfll03HOCT TaMO YOTIIIITe naje nanera na 6H ce MOrJIe o-rexaaara nneje 0 xpajy CBeTa.

... 0 <JeMY rosope OBe nojase xoje ce O~mfJIeAHO He nonyaapajy npannKOM 06wlHor noorarpan,a?

JbYAcKa nyura je y l\eJIOM cBeTY OCeTHJIa corrcrseno yMHpalbc: OHa same HeMa aa !IITa na )KHBH. TeJIo je "060roTBopeII0" - "60r crovax" (ronopao je arr. I1aRJIe); a nyura je 3anOCTaBJbeHa HJIH ce nax cacamr onpn-re. "K yrrrypa" je caxro MaTeplijamIa, a AYX ce nporan,a. To cy CXBaTliJIH Eaponn.aan. 11 naura npeun cy TO OCeTHJIH, II TO jour rrpe lbliX jep cy 611JIH snpaanja AYXOM.

A cana 60JbllIeBH3aM xao pe3YJITaT l\CJIOKyrrHe TC najnonnje "KYJITYpe" O<JHrJIeAHO y6eljyje CBe na cy npenocehan,a napona II CBCTa 611JIa nOTIlYHO acnpanna. 11 ry je oiipaeaan.e CBllX o-rexanaisa H rparan.a.

2. Kana je, MCI)YTllM, xpaj CBeTa?

AJIli cacaav je npyro mrran.e mrrarse iUpeHY1MKa xpaja. 11aKo O<IeKHsan,e UpKBa rpefia na 6JIarOCJIOBll, caCBHM npyraxaje rpefia na ce OAHOCH npexia rpaxcen.v Ta<IHllX naryna.

AJIli II OBO je npesmue ... CaM nanox y rpex xoja ocyhyjen: MHOrOCJIOsn.e. Onpocrn Mll rpeWHOM, I'ocnone. I1oMOJmTC ce sa Melle.

Heoociuojuu II Baua ootipouauepau

EUUCKOii Beuujauun 1925/13/11 H. c.

Maorononrrosana O<Ie AJIeKCaHApe!

Banta mrcaa MC HeXOTlll\C npanopauajy na nonexan MIICJIliM 0 mrraa.y xoje CTe nOKpeHYJIH II 6CJIe)KllM onrosapajyha MaTcpHjaJI xojn BaM II caorrIIITaBaM II CTaBJbaM na snan,e. Ilncahy (MO)Kga II same nyra) 6e3 napo-nrror CHCTeMaII "CJIYIIajIIO", rra urra EoI' na.

1. Onurre aurrexaaan,e xpaja CBeTa

1. Jenan OA najoopaaoaanajax JbYJlll xoje caM BHAeo y CBOM )KIIBOTY - lIOBeK KOjII je pannje 6110 TOJICTojeBal\, na cc noxajao - Ceprej HIIKOJIajeBwI JJ:ypHJbllH (MOCKOBJbaIIllH) YO'lli llJIll seh 0liMax nOCJIe PYCKe pesonyuaje ce 6aBliO IIllTalheM 0 nepn y 6JIIICKH xpaj CBeTa - KaKO MCl)y PYCllMa, TaKO II Mel)y npynor aaponmra, lJyo caM TO on n.era JIWIHO y MOCKBll. OH je nomao AO 113Y3eTHHX, H lIaK, PCKJIO 611 ce, noneurro II HCOIIeKHBaIIIIX, 3aKJbY<JaKa, napo-nrro 0 PYCHjII. 06wIIIO nocrojn rnenaurre na ce oxexasan.e xpaja CBera nonynapa C HeKliM llCTOPHjCKIIM xaracrpoqiaaa (parosaua aapo-nrro), 11 TO je AeJIllMlI'lHO Ta<JHO. Taxo na xpajy xpajeaa II Mopa 611TII no npencxasalhy I'ocnona. AJIII re nojaae ce He nonynapajy YBeK.

C. H. Ll,YPIIJbIIII naje cneneha ncropajcxa sanaxan.a:

a) Pycnja AO)KIIBJbaBa TaTapCKO poncrno. Bpeneaa cY reunca. AJIII HIIKO lIli He nomnursa na xpaj CBeTa, HJIli <raK Pycnje. Hanporas, BCJIHKll CBeTllJIHllK Pycnje, rrperr. Ceprnjc II cav rpann, II rrrnha KOjII cy 113JIeTeJIli 113 n.eronor rnesna raxobe rpane, He paavmun.ajyha 0 xpajy ... Tarapa cY nponamr, Pycaja je YCTaJIa II AYXOBHO oja-rana,

CMYTHO speue. OHO y MlIorOMe nonceha na name nane 60JbllIeB1l3Ma. 11 oner He ~mTaMO y upxaenoj mrreparypa 0 xpajy CBeTa. CMYTlba je npeaa- 311l)eHa. PYCHja je YCTaJIa II no-rena Aa pacre y AP)KaBHOM rrOrJIeAY.

6) AJIli ry aacraje nanenaben.e: ynpxoc nonehanoj MohII II IbeHOM yaehalby nojann.yjy ce llAeje 0 atrrnxpncry ... Hapasno, II naur paCKOJI je nao Mlloro nosona aa TO; II rroAYAapHOCT 1000 rOAIIHa II + 666 (ronnaa BeJIIIKOr MocKOBcxor Cafiopa), TO jeer, ~mCTO rrp01l3BOJblI0 aapauyaanau,e speneua Ilpyror AOJIaCKa. AJIli jour BIIllIe je name nperxe aanaa.nno onanan.e I1paBOCJIaBJba y APYIliTBeHllM BpXOBIIMa II yrauaj "6e360)KIIOf" 3arraAa. Y OBOM nOcJIeAlbeM je HeCYMlbliBO 6110 fJIaBHH Y3POK llllI1ICKliRalba arrrnxpacra; H TaKBliM

12

13

A eBO 3alIlTO (OCIIM ouora lIlTO caM BaM neh rmcao):

a) Y Petru E O)J(JIj oj rrOTlIYHo ce jacno Ja6pafbyje TO 1I3pa'I)'HaBaIbe ... I1CTIIna, saeeiuiiuiea fWM ce na rro rrynon.iuesa CMOKBe 3aKJbY'IIIMo na HaCTaJe rrponehe «ao iiiatceo; aJII1 n.erose ceAMI1~e cy nenosnare. Ha npavep, cana cy KOA Hac nponnerane lIIJbIIBe ... A aeh cneneher galla je 6110 Mpa3 ... Ilpyro npsehe na xojea cy seh rrO'leJIII na 1I36IIjajy rryIIOJb~11 3aycTaBIIJIO je useran,e ... AJIII paayue ce, pa3JII1Ka MO)Ke 611TII caxro y BpeMeHY: pagii ce 0 gaHIIMa IIJII1 neueJbaMa ... Ilponehe ce He MO)Ke Crrpe'II1TI1 ... Taxo II C rrliTaIbeM 0 xpajy CBeTa.

Kana he 6IITII xpaj sexa - mrrajy I'ocnona, HIIKO He 3Ha; casto OTa~ Moj ... A 11 uuje eatue JHalUU epeueua U pOK06e «oie Oiiuut saopsca y C60jOj enaciuu (D,. an. 1,7) ... He 3HaM: MO)Ke JII1611TIIjaCftuje 11 onny-nraje aaripane 113pa'IYHaBaIba poxona? To je OTBOpeHI1 rpex! D,PCKO upoiuuensen.e Pe'lI1 I'ocnona.oj' 11 KaKO ce Jbygl1 He 60je ga 113pa'IYHaBajy poxose?

6) AJIII aKO ce 'IaK II MIICJIII 0 OIUIITIIM (a He Ta'IHI1M) IIoga~I1Ma 11 onna He rpefia 611TI1 ysepea ga cy O'leKI1BaIba HeCYMIbIIBa; HapO'II1TO xana ce pann o Pycnja. lJaK 11 aKO ce rrpeTnOCTaBI1 na ce OHa cava aaspuraaa, na je aa Ihy nomao "xpaj CBeTCKe ncropaje", xao lIlTO ce geCI1JIO CJII1'IHO ca fP'IKOM, HI1- KO He MO)Ke IIOpl1~aTI1 na he ce na IbeHI1M pYlIleBI1HaMa 3anaJIIITI1 nJIaMeHOM nepe HOBe xpl11I1haHCKe 3eMJbe Aanje, xao lIITO CMO ce MH, CJIOBeHI1, sanaJII1JII1 onna xana ce xyrrrypa I'p-rxe seh raCHJIa.

B) AJII1 xana ce TO H He 611 noronano 11 onna nnax HHKO He CMe na ce ycyhyje ga onpehyje poxose. 5-20-50-100 ronana - CBe cy TO QI1cppe aa IICTOpnjy BeOMa 6e3HaQajHe.

11 npen. Ceparpna, na xojera BOJIe ga ce noaasajy OHI1 KOjH 111I1'IeKyjy 11 rpaxe ronane xpaja CBeTa, OgJJy'IHO je og6a~HBao na onrosopa aa OBO nararse. Kana je jenan 6paT uasrepaaao na ra yrnrra 0 BpeMeHY Ilpyror gOJIaCKa np030PJbHBII yronnax ra je caM npenyxnrpno:

"Panocra Moja! TII BI1COKO MIICJII11I1 0 y60roM Ceparpaay: sap ja na 3HaM xana he 6HTH xpaj onora CBeTa H onaj BeJII1KI1 gaH Y KOjH he I'ocnon CygHTI1 )KIIBHMa II MpTBHMa II Y3BpaTI1TII CBaKOMe no geJIHMa IberoBHM! He, TO MHje HeMoryhe 3H3TH".

AKO je najaehn CBeTHTeJb OBaKO OgJIY'IHO 1I3jaBI10 0 ce611 KaKO ce onna ~m ycyhyjeao! TIOTpe6Ha je BeJIHKa gYXOBHa JIaKOMHCJIeHOCT H yMI11I1JbeHOCT na na ce 'JOBeK 6aBH OHHM IlITO je I'ocnon 3a6paHI10 11 lIlTO je og61I0 ~TO.:lHnK xoja je HMao y ce6H Ilyxa Eozotjer O'IHrJIegHO.

3. Ila JIll rpeoa cana qeKaTI1 xpaj? Ja MIfCJIIfM: He!

Hexa Me nOMIIJIyje Tocnon 360r osor MIIIlIJbeIba. AJIH aa TO Me 06aBesyje smoro rora, a npe csera cava PC'J OO)KIfja.

a) Bn 3Han: Ja nocroju ~IHOlliTBO xrecra rne ce nonaa,e jenan on HecYMIbIfBlfX 3HaKOBa 6.1lI0:0l xpaja cse r a. lIaH~IC: neO'leKHB3nOCT. TIPI1 TOMe osaj TeP\IIIH rpeoa (XBaTaTiI He caxio \ 0111 C1 \ ... H3HcHagHOCTlI" 'Jaca seh jour BlIlIIe Y C,,[Hel\ OlCYCTB3 IIIII'IellllB3lha xpaja. C.1YUlajTe. Jbygii he jecra, IIIITil. 3JCan! 1!>2. ;;.1:' iI :lreJ 11('T<:'IT I Icruna. HeKIl sror y pe!lII na ce TO OgHOCll na :-~::r:iI:Ke. Bet se sep-mxe T . .';;,; J<:.lll"!II'IHO Ta'lHO ... A,llI He cacaax. TIriP:::' - ]e5,:'~K3"1':: K.lA.:t :::. cv 3et=rC\!llc yaK II "YJpe .ieaojxe ... 11 3aTO II 1;,y:-e ;"Ct;i~. 'He oH..He xa.ra he ]"~l! . blllTe)a sac onai 'lac He 3aTeKHe K.3.K:' cr:aB'::Te· - roscpe ::3 '-13K II BerHHUII,,!a npe rn 'ra onaCHOCT. AHaJIOrl1ja ca anocro.mva TIeTPO~1. JaKOBO"llI Jl._\BaHO~1 y feTCn~laHCKO\1 BPTY: YCHYJIIf cy Y speve crpauntor xaca A:.eHI!Ka-f ocnona,

All! aKO ce 'laK npernocrasa na ce Ty sanpano pana 0 "stacy" a He 0 JP)TOM. OnIIITnjeM rpeHYTKY, aKO ce npernocrasa na he sacnara nyne nesojxe If CBeT KOjIf y CHY JIe)J(JI, a He Y'leHIf~H (IfaKO TO HIfje Ta'IHO; no MOM MHIlIJbeIbY, "If Mygpe nesojxe sanpevaure", TO jeer, MaJIO cy ce 3a60paBHJIe na If3BeCHO KpaTKO speae); H rana je HeCYMIbI1BO na JbygH yoiuuiue, cas CBeT He caxro lIlTO nehe 'JeKaTH xpaj, seh he npen xpaj ynpaso TBpgHTI1 H MI1CJIIfTIf na csyna snanajy MUP U cuiypnoctu (pe'IJI anOCTOJIa TIaBJIa y 1 COJI. 5, 3). Cana IIaK MIf yrrpaso BlIglIMO cynprrruo: CBeOilIlITe He3agoBOJbCTBO, HeMHp, "yanacan,e 3601' 6ygyhHX HeBOJba" , O'leKI1BaIbe xpaja HJIIf, 6apeM, xaracrpocpa CBeTCKe ncropaje. 0 "MI1PY II 6c36egHocTli" cano CBli can.ajy, aJIIf IbHX HeMa ... Beh caxc TO caCBIIM jacao rosopa na xpaj CBeTa naje cana HI1TH y OBOM rpenyrxy, A xana je? He 3HaM. Ami norperine cy ronane na qOBe'IaHCTBO go~e go )KeJbeHOr crarsa (MaKap H npanmmor, rtpanpeueaor, nospumor, II, napanno, cnon.aunser, 3eMaJbCKor, a He gYXOBHor, ynyrpaunser) "MIfpa H CHrYPHOCTH" ... Ila nO'IHY "CBII na rosope": "eTO, aajsan CMO gO'JeKaJIH MHp II peg" ... TaKBa nena ce He rsope HeAeJbaMa 11 Mece~I1Ma, seh 1'0- gIfHaMa If necernehaaa ...

6) Ilpyrn 3HaK je upe06pahefbe Ieepeja. 0 TOMe 6HX Morao nonpoouo ga HaIIHlIleM, aJIIf pehn hy yKpaTKO ... 11 CaM I'ocnon na TO yxasyje: Ociuaje 6aM gOM eatu iiycii: C6e gOK He YJ6UKHelue: 6Jla20CJl06eH KOjU gOJlaJU y UMe Focuoone ... 11 jOlII: Jepycanuu he 6UlUU y enaciuu HeJ1-w60JICalla C6e gOK ce He UCUYHe epeueua neenatioscaua (He3Ha60)Ka~ ce y Eaanhersy CTaBJba nacynpor Jynejuy).

AnOCTOJI TIaBJIe (PI1M. 9) 113PWIJITO Ka)Ke na he ce "can I13paHJb" cnaCTIf HaKOH lIlTO naraacxa CBeT npecrane na naje HOBY gyXOBHy neuy _QPKBI1 (pasysre ce, He nojenanue, seh HapOAHe Mace, TO jeer, xana ce aanpum "erroxa" IIOIIYIbaBaIba _QpKBe narannaa). "CBII", TO jeer, Mace I13paIIJba, a IfCTIfHCKIf I13pal1Jb nnje no CJIOBY, seh no AYXy (yrr. PIIM. 11,26 = PHM. 2, 28-29).

CBCn! JOBaH EOrOCJIOB npencxaayje llPKBH <PHJIarlCJlqmjcKoj ("6paTO. byormoj") ria je IhlIX MaJIO, ann 3aTO he "H3 canarore CaTaHC" (KaKBH he OllTl! OHH KOjH eerie naannajy Jy):lcjl\HMa) HCTHHCKH Jynejun ):IOhH H nOKJlOHHTIl CC xpaurhanaua (OTKp. 3,9). H CB. JOBaH ,UaMacKHH- na he ce Jenpejn npen xpaj CBeTa 06paTHTH HaKO cau raj TpCHYTaK OIl CMeIIITa neh y nocncnlbC rOAHHc: "Eahe rrOCJlaHH- BCJlH OH - EHOX H Hnnja TccBHhaHHH H mIH he 06paTHTH cpl\a oraua xa nena, TO jCCT, Cmrarory I'ocnony HaWCM Hcycy XpHCTY H nponosenn anocrona; H IbHX he y6HTH (aHTHxpHCT) II (Ta'IHo H3- JIO)!(elhe BCPC, CTp. 267 (7)).

AJlH 6H cavo oopahea.e rpeoano 6HTH nocnenn.ax romma; ann HCTOPHjCKH TO Mopa 6HTH npanpesrn.eao. A sa TO cy oner rrOTpc6HH HC MCCCI~H, neh ronane H necerneha ... Hcropnja noncrnuc na TO nCHXOJlOlIIKH H rrOJlHTWIKH. .. H TO cc aeh npnnpeua ... Morao 6HX ria nOrleJlHM C Bava CBOjC MHCJIH 0 OBOM rtocnenn.ev, ana nexa TO 6yge npyra nyr ... Bnneo cau H3BpCHe xpnurhaae xojn rrOTWIY OA Jespeja ... Ami Mace IhHXOBe (~IaK H rrpaBOBepIIHX) joiu ce IIHCY rrpo- 6yglIJle. Ilpeua TOMC uuie «pai ceeiua II lI3 01301' pasnora.

B) Ila 6lIX norspnao OBO nossahy CC H na nna -rysena CBCAO'IaHCTBa. CBCTH THXOH 3aAOHCKH y saben.y Majxe Eoxorje, npahene arrOCTOJIOM TIaBJIOM, yrnrrao je II aa xpaj CBeTa. A CB. arrOCTOJI TIaBJIe My je pexao pC~IHMa csoje nocnanaue: Jep «aaa Z080pe: MUP je II ClIZypHOCIU, iiiaaa he nauhu ua I-bllX usueuaaua iioiutiu]« (1 COJI. 5, 3).

Ilpen. Ceparpm« je raxohe pexao jennoj gYXOBHOj xhepn Ilnaejescxax cecrapa: AHlUllXPliCtU080 epeue ueheiue gOJIC1I8ell1l1, anu hell1e auiuuxpuciuoea epeuena iipexueeiuu.

Cjajne pe'IlI! Cana Pycnja (napo-nrro) AO)!(lIBJbaBa 'ra spevcna ... Ona cy 3alICTa anrnxpacroaa no CyWTlIHlI, na -rax H rro paaacpasia ... AJIlI BlI BHAlITe ria he ce ra npeuena InpC)KlIBCTlI", TO jCCT, H3MCI)y IblIX II anraxpnCTa 6Hhe HCKaKaB once-iax BpCMCHa npyra-ruja - MHpaH II cpehan.

H CJIWIHO TOMC cy, KOJIHKO CMO HMaJIH rrplIJIlIKC ria 'lyjCMO (~lIHH MlI ce, rrpexo ncror D,ypHJhHHa), rOBOpHJIl1l1 OrrTlIHcKlI crapun: rrOCJIC TlIX yzcaca 6lIhc 70 ronnna Hc06wIHor npounara II BCpC II 6JIarocTalha PYClIjC ... A saTlIM jour Y)KaCHl1jc ... H rrOCJIC lI3BCCHor xparxor aapn.rmor ronopen,a: Ml1p je II clIrypHocT - 6lIhe xpaj ...

TIClIXOJIOWKO-lICTOPlIjCKlI TO rperia CMaTpaTH HC caxro BcpOBaTHlIM, aero l1lICTOPlIjCKlI HconXO)J,HHM, TO jCCT, na 'raj TpCHYTaK PYCl1ja npeaoisn II aaranara Y I1t'WTnr TOMC HMa BlIIIle nonaraxa Hero TOMe ria he OHa Herro~ ::-.~ -:-_: ~., ?:.:' "p"HaCTI!. IL1H 'laK ria he ce nonemrra na ABa nena, na 6C3- ~. H-.-:-i;1;':C it rt;t xpnurhaue, xao IlITO CC 3arraTl caojeapeveno rrOAeJIHO na PH\!OKaTl).lIIKC H npOTeCTaHTC.

15 D,aKJIe, jow ce He BHAe ('IlIHlI CC) ioouue xpaja CBCTa; HaKO liMa MHOI'O nonaraxa 0 TOMe na ce CBCT seponaruo npH6JIH)KaBa CBOM aanpurerxy ...

r~ OBaKO MlICJIe MHorn caapeaenn nocaarpa-m. ATOHCKH crapun cy JICT?C JeAHOM PYCKOM nOKJIOHHKY (E. TI. AnpCJheBY) OAJIy~IHO PCKJIH ria CMaTpa]y Aa "necyau.nao II nacrajy nocnenn.a BpeMCHa.

Caspcvena xaracrporpa - Ka)KC H KHe3 J. Tpyoeuxoj (Cxmcao )!(HBOra) - '~o~lOryhaBa lIaM na rOBopHMO 0 xpaxy H xaracrporpn CBCTCKC KYJIType, KO]lI cy ce ACJIlIMJ1lIHO 36HJIH, a I~CJIHMWlI!O ce jour rrpH6JIH)KaBajy. TIpcTI HaWIIM O~IIIMa arrOKaJIIIIITWIHO BHI)ClbC 3BCPII xoja H3JIa3H H3 6c31~aHa 3aonesa ce y TCJIO II KpB ( ... ) CByga 6CCHII naKJ1CHII KOBHTJIal\ CBeOIIIlITCr pasaparsa. Carana ce pa30TKpIIO II CBCT je nOCTaO naxao. Ilpxna je nOCTaJIa cpeUIfUiTe Mp)!(lbe KO]a cc pasoecnena Y CBCTY ( ... ) H v TOj ~lp)Klblf ie CBa CYWTll-

na naxna, cas n.eroa HCOOYXBaTHIf ~lpa'lHlI Oe3;:{aH". . .

AlII II OH BIIJII npenopoj UpKBe: Ca~1O Y n.oj cy ce I1CrrOJhHJIe crsapa.1a'IKe CII.le. UpKBa C( ca611pa II oprannsvje ( ... ) JeAHoM peujy, IIOlIHlbe npouec upxseuor nrl'"n"!,cl]a

H npevrra cv eEl! 3HaUil O.1I1CKOCTll xpaja CBeTa, 3Hal\ll xoje rrOMI1lbe EBaHBe.bC. npucvrmr y Harne JaHC anax MopaMO 6llTll InY3CTHO onpeaan KJ.JJ: 113B.1JljmW 3aK.bYlJKe II3 TC lIl1IbCHHl\C". "Hacy npaa nyr" rrpCACKa3HB.l.1II pOKOBe .. A.ll1 CBaKI! nYT ce rrOKa3lIBaJIO na rroAjeTlHaKO HllCY y npaay '-'HlI KOJII cy BC3I1Ba.1J1 CBaHl)eJICKa npencxaaan.a aa HCKH onpehenu TlaTYM, ~aBmlle. aa onpebeay lICTOPl1jCKY erroxy ( ... ) A Y llCTO BPCMC CBaKH nyr je 01l.1a II senaxa I1CTHHa Y TIfM npenoceharsana" .

~ KaTacTpo~e II llI1l~leKHBalba "YBCK oanaxanajy ( ... ) crsapno ( ... ) npa-

O.lJ1)KaBalbC xpaja".

A gaTYM nnje rr03HaT. "KaTacTpocpll'IHocr" enoxe gO)KlIBJhaBajy II npyra PYCKll 60rOCJIOBI1 H MIfCJII10IJ;11 (apxnenacxon Teorpan, nporojepe] Ccprcj EYJIraKoB If MHora npyra JII1l\a) ...

" Tora c: CBCCH,~ ~IaK If aananna MI1CJIlIOl\l1, xao na npanep, Illnenrnep

( Ilponacr 3arraga ); TO ce aanaxa H na CBCTCKllM CTygCHTCKJlM xpnnrhanCKHM xonrpepennajawa, xao lllTO BcpOBaTHO 3HaTC na OCHOBY MaWICCTCPcxor noxpera 1925. rOAI1He.

4. Ha WTa Hac CBC TO ofiaaesyje?

(AKO He "cana", anax CC "6JIIf)Kll" (6JI113y je) Kpaj?)

OBO mrran,e seh liMa aa csaxora OTI Hac pCaJIaH II orponaa ana-raj _ y .1I1lJHOM )KIIBOTY If npaKTll'IHOM noaauran.y. 0 TOMe hy pehn BPJIO Ca)KeTO:

ITa' M "t.. " .

f.I,. opano asana H3 ncaxonornje npebaum.er "cpehnor )KllBJhC-

lba ,. y araocrpepy CBCTor "neuapa", npOI(ClhllBalba, TpcneTa ... Bouiiie - TO re rrpso I1ITO rosopa Focnon,

16

1-:-

6) Mopaxo HapO<UlTO na "6i.\llMO" 3aTO mTO lie 6llTll "pasnop" CBYi.\a: Y noponauaua, Me!)y npajaren.axa, Y CBeTOBHOM II Y ~pKBeHOM CBCTY! O! Ma KOJIllKO TO 6llJIO 60JIHO, KaKO hesso iiieuuco uohu ga ce cuaheuo ... "Mn CMO npanocnanna". "He, Mll CMO" ... "HllCTC Hll jenna Hll i.\Pyrll seh CMO TO Mll rpeha". HeBOJbe pasoopa iIipe6a oneeueaiuu U y UpKBU. Y Pycaja ce TO seh 36llBa ()KllBa ~pKBa, yxpajnucxa caMOCTaJIHa arn.), Harnena na TO rpeoa na ce norona a Y llHOCTpaHCTBY ... ITOM03ll HaM, I'ocnonel To je II 60JIHO, II crpaUIHO, II norpeona je xpafipocr. ..

B) Jour je crpaumnje: na <IOBeK ca,1t OTIIai.\He on ncrancxe UpKBe, OAHOCHO, na 3aJIYTa. Maxap ra nenpasenno OCYi.\llJIll, cauo aexa OCTaHe Y "MaJIOM CTai.\Y" ... A aKO 'WBeK II cau 3aJIYTa? .. A mrraa.a ce HaMeli Y CBe saure II amne II Y llHoCTpaHCTBY.·.

11 3aTO ce na CBe uoiytu: uauune rpefia i.\p)KaTll lLpKBeH02 nyra ... AmI i.\a JIll ce OH nonynapa C JIllImjoM nonauran,a OHllX xoja Me!)y HaMa rosope 0 ce6ll xao 0 Ilpxna ... To lie 6llTll TeIIlKO paaafiparn ...

r) Tne na yqllMO? 113 nsajy ll3Bopa: ceeiuootuanxoi It eBaHbeJlCK02 y-ren,a - ana TO je MaJIO: HeOIIXOAHO je JlCUBe/UIl Y CKJIai.\Y C TllM na 6llCMO ce Yi.\OCTOjllJIll na rrpllMllMO CBeTJIOCT ncraae ... BepOBaTHO je II TO MaJIO, rpe-

6a llMaTll "caner" Me!)y "fipahoa" A najsmue ce, nsrnena, iupetia MOJlIt-

lUU U iiooeusaeaiiiu ce y uotcajan.» MOJIllTe ce II He orrrepehyjre ce HeY3-

AP)KalbeM ...

A CBe ce TO CBOAll na jour onurrnje: "Ba nax (a Ba CTe nacynpor uenrpadiyraxaoj, cnon.amn.oj "AeJIaTHOCTll" y xojy ja YKJbY'IyjeM II cauo 6aBJbelbe TlIM mrraisnaa y nojennuocraaa, a TllM same mpasyuaaan,e naryMa) nasnre na ce6e (JIK. 21) (TO jeer, resorre tea ce6u, nyma CBOjOj, a He cnorsaunsav norahajaua). Moaota lie TO 6llTlI II "i.\OBOJbHO" sa Hac?

3aBpmllliy pe<mMa nsojaue JbYi.\ll xoja ce BeOMa pasnaxyjy no nOpeKJIY II i.\YXY, aJIH KOjH cy osne CJIll'IHH:

OCHOBHH TOH XPHCTOBllX npencxasan.a MO)Ke ce CBeCTll na -rerapa pe<m: "Hysajre ce!", "ITa3HTe!", "Tprnrre II MOJIHTe ce!"

OBO ronopn aanannn HaY<IHHK xpmuhaunn, aaxo je no aepoacnoaecrn aHr.1HKaHa~ ...

A eBO IIITa Mll je OBHX nana nanncao MJIai.\H CBemTeHHK xoja ce nexana OJymCBJbaBaO PCBOJIYI.\HjOM 60JbmeBllqKOr npasua.

'MH xoheao, MO)Ki.\a CllJIHO XOliCMO, na ce 6a~lIMo y cycper )KeHlIKY Kojn UO.1a3H y nonoh; a nnax MOJIHMO na HaM najy yn.e, CBOj nJIaMeH jom HllnlO CTeKJIH. Kao na "cnon.aum.n" 'lOBeK "rmsa", aJIH neh BPJIO JIaraHO. Yocra.roxr, 3amTO na Hac TO 36ylbyjC?" "Hajc JIH TO najoon,a rapaarnja sexHOCTII "osaurheu.a"?

He 3HaM lIITa na O,!1rOBOplIM na OBO nnrau.e? A MO)K,!1a je TO 3HaK na II ~IH HMaMO "MaJIO yn.a", 3HaK na CMO "JIYi.\C nennne"?

Muoioipeiunu euucxoii Beuujauuu

1925. 15128 rjJe6pyap, 1 nac i/o itonohu

YO'lU Heaene usiuatea 113 paja

llIlCM03.

MuorOrrOUITOBaHH O'Ie AJICKCaIIl\pc! HCKa jc ca cpehou BCJIlIKH ITOCT'

A061I0 cau Banre npyro IIllCMO. ITOTPYAllliy ce na y CKJIai.\Y ca CBOjOM "uesroha" onrosopmr ... 11 nepyjre: He npanopaaa MC Moje "cunpeae" i.\a OBaKO ronopmr 0 ce6H seh jacna CBeCT: jep ja caM TaKO!)C rrpC)KHBeO "yuaTeJbCKY" YMllllIJbeHOCT, a cana rro<mlbCM na carnenasaa na cau 6HO y nennKOj 3a6JIYAlI aaxmunajyhn na MlIoro 3IIaM ... Ho cana Mll qeCTO nanajy na nauer MHCJIH: i.\a ce Yi.\aJbHM Oi.\ y<Il:ITCJbCBaIba II na yhyrm«, 11Ma Ty naa pasnora: jenaa je (a neh cau nncao 0 IhCMY) jacno Ca3IIaIhe na najc y TOMC nam 3aAaTaK seh Y 60p6ll C rpexojr; a npyrn je CXBaTaIbC csor MaJlOr 3IIaIba ...

Bn MO)KCTC na Y3BpaTHTe: urra onna rpcoa ua Ka)KY 0 ce6H HCKlI npyra? AJIlI HHje JIH TO caCBlIM csejenno aa Melle JIll'IHO? 3ap jennaxo, HJIH MalbC, HJIH Belie HecaBpmeHCTBO HJlH tresnan.e npyrnx MeHC Y3i.\H)KY? HmraJIO ... lIaK rrpe 06pHYTO ...

ITpH3HajcM: MCHll CC qHHC <IYi.\HllM H JIaKOMllCJICHO-i.\PCKlIM JbYi.\H xoja yoopaxasajy na HC cano mTO saajy OHO HeOIIXOi.\HO II 61ITJ10, Hero ce ycy!)yjy na YJIa3e y aafipaiseno II csmra TajaHcTBcHO 3aTBopCHO ... AJIll qOBCK je CJIO- 60i.\an! A Mll HC HACMO HCTllM nyreu' A H OHH caMH 0i.\6a~yjy TaKBe ... AKo nax II nauren 0 TOMe nHmCM sa Bac a He sa IbllX ...

Baura npllMei.\6a je cano jemta ... 11, qHHH MH ce, BCOMa cnaoa,

1. "EJIa)KeH xoja snrra H CJIYllIa " ... Ho, rrOMllCJIHTC: aap je TO IIpllMeA6a nporna Hac? 3ap MH OAPll'ICMO -mran,e? UpKBa jc 'IaK YCTaHOBHJIa na ce -nrra AnOKaJIHnCa y MaHaCTHpHMa, ana HC y xpaMOBHMa (TO jc BPJIO xapaxTepllCTH'IHO, 3HatlH, UpKBa He )KCJIll na CBH noxpehy OBO rnrrau,e}, neh sa Tpne30M YMCCTO y06HqajeHHx )KHTHja CBeTHX ('IllllH ce, sa BpCMe BCJIHKor ITOCTa). YBeK je lby <IllTao PYCKH napon. Cana ce MIIoro -nrra y PYCHjH.

BpJIO jc KOPHCHO qHTaTHH y CMHrpaI.\HjH. AJIH ynpaso "'IllTaTHH CJIyiuaru", a HlIjC PCtICllO "H3pa'IYHaBaTll" POKOBC (nacynpor jacnoj H o)J,JIY'IlIoj PC<Il:I bO)KlljOj! OAaKJIe JbYi.\llMa TOJIHKa CMCJIOCT! Haannajy cc6c xpmnhaHll~!a. a Xpncra [OCIIOi.\a He cnyniajyl) ... lIaK nnjc pe-reno: "TYMa<mTll" nch caxro "'lHTaTll H CJIYUIaTH" .

18

19

Ja can, 360r JIaKOMHCJICHOCTH MJIaAOCTH, raxobe noxymasao aJIH HI1- KaKO He na H3pa'iYHaBaM! - Ben cavo I~a TYMa'IHM CYIllTHHCKa 11 rtpncryrra-rHl1ja MeCTa 113 Orxpnsen,a (y CI1McpepOnOJbY); aJII1 TOM rrpl1JII1KOM cau ce TpYAHO na cc np)[(I1M mrreparype (360PHI1K Eapcona, TYMa'IClhe CB. AIIApeja Kpl1TCKOr 11 }[eKHX npyrnx).

OTBapaTI1 neuare HHjC naur rrocao, Ben rrocao CaMOl' I'ocnona (OTKP. 5, 4-5; 6, 1-3). 3aTo HC cauo rrojeAI1HI1 'IJIaHOBI1 Hero 11 CBa UpKBa (OTKp. 5,2--3) naje AOpaCJIa na orsapa OHO mTO je nch 3aTBopeHO. Cano ncropaja KOjOM PYKOBOAH CaM I'ocnon (IllTO 3Ha'IH, OH CaM y AeJIOBalhl1Ma I1CTOpl1je), CKI1Aa re nesare C TajHH ... AJIH oner He ca rOAHHa, neh cano ca norahaja ...

3aTO aKO 611 'lHTaB jenan Ca60p rro-teo Aa ce 6aBI1 OBI1M npenaerov OH 611 Morao na pacnpasn,a caxo 0 HCKI1M npHIUll1nl1jaJIHI1M 11 OITlIITHM riaTalbl1Ma (XI1JIHja3aM, OAHOC npeua "HOB0I13MHillJbeHOM" apl1TMCTIflIKOM 60- rOCJIOBJbY HTA.), a mmourro neran.e TeKCTa, 11 THM nmne IIC 611 ce YCYAI10 na "H3pa'IYHaBa" poxose YKOJIHKO 611 xreo na 6YAe IIOA PYKOBOACTBOM CBeTor Ilyxa H xreo na CJIYIIIa Csor Ilornasapa XPHCTa fOCIIOAa. 3aTo H BH HerrpaBI1JIHO MI1CJII1TC IIHmyhH: "OBaKBa mrran.a ce Mory pemaaarn caxro ca60pHO, OA crpane uerre UpKBe" ... Hehe ce OHa 6aBHTH rpeummr H aa- 6palbeHHM nOCJIOM. Illrasaure, TO naraa,e je sch nocrojano y UPKBH - H OHa ra je oil.6al.HJIa. A OCHOBHH 3aKOH upxseaax 0AJIYKa je: He IIpeHcnHTHBaTH H He pemasara IIOIIOBO OHO npourno (HaHMe, ,fIorMaTCKO, BepOY'lHTeJbHO) IllTO je neh 611JIO peureno. To 3HaM Ta'III0 rro pany Caoopa H lbI1XOBI1M onnyxaxra.

2. 0 TOMe (TO jeer, 0 rnacy UpKBe) xohy jour MaJIO na namnuen.

AKO cy HCKI1 OU;H H ,fI03BOJbaBaJII1 ce6H HemTO CJIIflIHO (Ilanaje, JyCTI1H, 11 panej) KapaKTCpl1CTWIHO je Aa ce yrJIaBHOM TO Y'Ielbe JIerrHJIO sa jeperaxe H ceKTaIIIe: rHOCTI1K KepHHT, eBHOHI1TH, MOHTaHHCTH, arrOJII1HapHjaHU;H, H y HOBl1je speue -- aHa6arrTHCTH ca cOU;HjaJII1CTWIKOM najancou, a cana aABeHT1!CTI1. Beh caxro TO rperia na Hac npasropa Aa ce OAHOCHMO He caxro CYMlhHxaso neh H OTBopeHO HcraTHBHO: "Ka)[(11 MH C KI1M ce nosnajcm (HJII1 APY;.Kllill. cnaxeiu ce) H ja hy TH pehn KO en" - xazce rrOCJlOBI1I~a.

Ha npassep, na ilPBOM BaCeJbeHCKOM Caoopy caBe31IHU;11 Apnja 6HJIH .:y fIaraHCKI1 CPI1JIocoqJl1; seh caxo TO oA6Hja ... Cana cy TO "XHJIHjacTH" - :-It'll) aret.a counjanacra y MailiTalbY 0 "3eMaJbCKOM pajy" ... Onacna APy)[(6a ... Hevia .111 ~lHoro Tor sajemnrsxor y )[(eJbaMa cOU;l1jaJII1CTa H aHTHcOIll1jaJII1- I..~J evnrrpanara"! HccYMlbHBO je: MaTepHjaJII1CTl1qKa npencrana 3eMaJbCKOr

Llapcrsa bOA<Hjer".

Beh ca\! oojacnno y nperxonaosr rrl1cMY na je npnpona Ilapcrna bO)[(I1- .1C- axrarepnja.ma" (onne, na 3eMJbH; a "TaMO" he 6HTI1 "HOBO He60 H HOB a

:':\I.ba . 'HOBa rsap", "TeJIO AYXOBlIO"). 11 Y TOMe je xopen nnran,a H OAI'O",-Ipa: Llapcrno b o)[(l1je- I;JIarOAaT Cserora Ilyxa.

H nyxonocna CBeTI1TeJbH UpKBe 6HJII1 cy OAJIY'1H11 rrpOTHBHI1U;11 XHJIHja»ra: CB. BaCHJIHjc BeJIHKH, CB. I'pnropaje bOrOCJIOB, CB. EI1I1cpaHI1jc Knnap""II. Osaj nocncna,n Y CBOjllM Klhl1raMa "0 jepccnsra" (HJII1 "ITaHapI1OlI") aa;")'1111'0 pa306JIwIaBa 11 OBY jepec (77. jepec), 11 rrOCJIe 'rora jour HMa AP3HI1Ka!

Hajsan, Ilpyrn BaCeJbeHCKlI Ca60p je OCYAI10 ynen.e AnOJII1Hapl1ja YOIIWTC. a nocefino IbcrOBC CHOBe 0 XlIJIHja3MY; 3aTO je y"eo y CI1MBOJI sepe (y CO\!J! 'I.'laH) pe'II1: "11 Hierosou uapcrny nche 611TI1 xpaja", na npeua TOMe Hi! npeKI1Aa ...

3. Y 3aKJbytlKY ce rrOHOBO spahau AYXOBHOM cran.y 11 rrouauran.y OHI1X "Ujll mpauynasajy: HO, A06po! ilpeTIIOCTaBHMo na cy OIm (6aBchl1 cc safipaIbCm!M CTBapl1Ma) "AOIlIJII1" Aa he 611TI1 xpaj CBeTa TC 11 TC roAI1HC ... Ho, a Ja.be IlITa he paAI1TI1? l1JIH UITa KOA aac, y Ilapasy, pane? 3ap he oner 113paliYHaBaTI1? JaCHO: 'rpefia ce cnpCMHTH sa 6JII1CKI1 xpaj, TO jeer, KajaTI1 CC, (iOPIlTH CC npOTI1B rpexa, 3a)(06HjaTII 6JIarOil.aT liO)KHjy (a JI>Y)(H 'laK H ne npnsrehyjy n.eno 0ACYCTBO y ceria), jc)IHOM pc-tjy, rpetia CIIUC3B3TH nyury,

3aTo HM peU;I1Te: HO, !lITO npe 3aBpIlIHTe CBOjy apllTMCTIIKY 11 JIaTIITC ce nocna! Hnaue here nOCTaTH CJII1'I1111 neaojxana C npa3HI1M CBeTHJbKaMa. LIe CTe 6I1JIH? yrnrrahe 113Hellalla )KCHHK xana nohe, - 113pwlYHaBaJIH CMO xac Tnor 1I0JIaCKa -- 11I1HTe, HC IIo3HajeM nac, spara cy sarsopeaa - "MaJIo 010 60rOCJIOBCTBOBaJIH" ...

CBeTH Fparopnjc bOrOCJIOB Ka)[(e: He MO)[(e CBaKO na 60rOCJIOBCTByjc, He \Io)[(e YBeK II HC npen CBI1Ma. A rrperr. JOBaH JIecTBI1'IHHK: onaj KOjH ce xaje He rpefia JW 60rOCJIOBCTByjC.

A nauannsa JbYJ~11 ce 11:3 CrIHpl1TH3Ma 6au;ajy ... y Anoxannncy ... YBeK JlCTa nccpebua 60JIeCT EBe: "6HhcTe xao 60roBH", "CBC here rajno casnaTil" ... A 6HJIH cy norpefinn rrOCJIYIlIHOCT fOCIIOIlY 11 ofipahasan,e paja ... 3601' paJl03HaJIOCTI1 cy 11 611JII1 113ruaHII oryna ...

Ysrpen: calla ce 6am rrCBaJIO 0 pajy (cseaohno 6Ael!J!jc YO'1I1 HCIICJbe npen IIO'ICTaK BeJII1KOr IToCTa).

MOJIl1o 6HX Bac (He pall II ocyhasan,a] na 1I06po rrOrJIC)laTC IIYIlICBHH .II1K OBIIX HOBHX noraha-ra II Aa Ml1lIarIHmCTC, paAI1 nposcpe MOjl1X nperrtoCTaBKI1: Ko cy ona? KaKaB 11M je )[(I1BOT? l1Majy JII1 cpCIICTaBa? KaKBO je Ibl!XOBO rrpCTXOAHO ,fIYXOBHO craa.c? Crenen lbHXOBI1X rrOJIHTI1'IKI1X 3aXTCsa? IT peTXO)lHII MaTcpHjamm II cOU;HjaJIl!J! IIOJIO)J(aj?

Ha OBOMC 6H CC Morno H 3aBpIllI1TI1. AJIII ocraje jour jCIIHO 36ylbyjyhc IIIIT:tlbC .

.f. TOBOPI1JIH cy crapun" ...

20

21 Beposarno je na he II Pycaja JOIll ):IO)!(llBeTll cjajaa, II ):IYXOBHO II no.inTII'!KII, 11 MOpaJIIIO 'IIlTaB BCK I!OCJle TC osambyjybc onyjc II nosropa? OnTIIHCKH crapnn asrnena na cy 0 TOMe rOBOpHJII1 ... MO)!(I~a. A MO)!():Ia H He.

AJII1 JOIll YBeK lIuje xpaj CBeTa (HaKO je TO MO)!(!W cnoxa n.eronor npcneexepja: cpHJIa):leJIcpHjcKli nepnon y CBOM no-rerxv, OTKp. 3); jep npen xpaj CBeTa 0 xpajy CBeTa he JbYI~H npccrarn na MI1CJIe. CB. TI1XOII 3a):lOHCKH je nxrao BHl)clhe EO)!(Hje Majxe ca CBeTI1M arrOCTOJIHMa TIeTpoM 11 TIaBJIOM; H3- ~Iel)y OCTaJIOr, narao HX je H sa xpaj CBeTa. CB. an. TIaBJIC je Y3BpaTlIO: .lep uaoa 2060pe: },(up je U Cll2ypHOC1U, iiiaoa he uautiu ua H,l/X usueuaaua il02116u)a(1 COJI. 5, 3). JOIll YBeK ce nnjc ):IorO):lHJIO oopahen,e Jynejaua y xpmnhanCTBO.

I1 TO ce nonynapa C rpehoxi rJIaBOM Orxpanen.a (B. ll,PKBY JIaO):lIIKlIjCKY) rnc ce rosopa 0 nOTIIYHoj penarnoanoj paBlIOnYUIHOCTII (OTKp. 3, 15- 16) Y YCJIOBIIMa MaTeplIjaJIHOr 60raTcTBa II 3a):lOBOJhCTBa (OTKp. 3, 17), ys yuyrpaum,c CJIerrIIJIO, nycrour II ryry.

A cana seh cave ouexaaan,e xpaja CBeTa ronopa 0 TOMe ):Ia jour YBeK naje "npen BpaTHMa" (OTKp. 3,20), Ben na cc cairo npll6JIH)!(aBa ... Bpcue je onacno, IlaHH cy 3JIH ... 3aTo: HC H3pa'IYHaBajMo Ben ce KajMO!

MOJlUM 3a uonuiiiee.

MH0202pelllHLI eiiucxoii Beuuiauuu

Ilpe csera rpefia nponeparn: Ko sanpano? llliiia cy rOBOpHJIH? Jecy JIH rOBOpHJIH 0 Ta'IIIHM POKOBHMa (ronnnaua}? 3ap 0 XHJIlIjaCTll'IKHX xan.any ronnna? He aepyjcn ...

A aKO cy rOBOpHJIH OH):Ia TH crapnn 1ll1CY 0/1 bora IIJIH HM je osora rryTa EoI' g03BOJIHO I~a norpeme ... Ilouexan cy ce H 0I11I BapaJIH.

Ilocefino: 0 xpajy CBeTa - xao !liTO ):Io6po 31IaTC H3 TIoCJIaHHqc CoJIYlhaHHMa .. BapaJIH cy ce H rrpBH xpnurhana: BapaJIII cy ce II HeKH 0):1 OTaua neror sexa: na npnaep, 6JI. ABrycT1I1I je ('IHHII ce) MlICJIHO 0 6JIHCKOM xpajy; KO):l CBCTHTCJba Taxona 3anOIIcKor nocroje MIIIllJbClba 0 6JIHCKOern xpaja H ocrnapcn.y npoponancrana (ana 1"O/~IIHC OIl najc mpauynanao II lIlIje Y'IlIO XIIJIlIja3MY, HapaBIIO). MeI)YTHM, CBeT JOIll YBeK HaCTaBJI,a na nocrojn ... TOKOM nocnemsax BeKOBa, 19. H20. HapO'Il1TO cy rio-rena HarreTO na -rexajy 6JIllCKOCT xpaja. Bp.TJO paumpena Hnnycoaa KlblIra npyxca )'IOBOJbHO MaTepl1jaJla. Ilonajre 'ry join H o. J ORalia KpOHUlTaTCKOr. On no'IeTKa xpmnhaucxor CBeTa xpmnhaun IIHCY I1MaJIH OBaKO npenocehan.c 6JIHCKOCTH xpaja xao cana ... TIa 'laK 11 y IICJIOM cBeTY ... I1llMa Mlloro pasJIora 3a TO ...

AJIII KOHa'IHO TBpgHTlI, a THM BHIIIC Ta'1HO onpehaaarn rommy, norny- 1I0 jc Hepa3YMHO. Hexa Hac 6apeM HCTOPHjCKO llCKYCTBO nOY'IH. ETO, ansenTHCTH cy raxohe saure nyra ca CROjlIM aapa-rynanan.aaa ):IOCneBaJIll y 3a6JIygy: 'lac cy najnpe YKa3lIBaJIli na 1924. romnry. TeK IllTO je npourna, XBaJIa Bory! A nperxornro cy YKa3llBaJIlI na 1844 ... Ben je 80 ronana rrpOIUJIo ... I1 na gaTyM (22. oKT06ap) cy yxaansana ... Cana cy ra novepnnn sa 1932. ronaHY ... A OHII "paaysmaja", HC )!(CJIenlI na pasaxyjy CBOj ayropnrer, aspasynasajy ga he CBeT )!(HBCTII jOIlI % BCKa ():IO 1995. ronnnc).

AJIlI, OHll II jecy 3601' rora cexraum, na yrranajy y satinyny II na ynone .rpyre y safinyny. A "crapun"?

Ho, II OIIll Mory na rrorpCUle. To jeer, y kojeu CMHCJIY? C jenne crpane, "HII cy y cyIllTIIHlI y npany jep ocehajy CBOjHM CJlYXOM (UITO He ocehajy OHII r.1YB:blI) ynan.enc npacxoae rpMJbaBIIIIC nenpenena xoje cc CBe BHIUe npu-'.II1;.1(aBa ... AJIII y 1I3pa'IYHaBalhlIMa Mory na norpeure, THM BIIUlC UITO lIM i~,H\(1B OCeTJhHBlI CJIyx rrpll6JIII)!(aBa 3ByK rpMJbaBHHe BHUlC nero UlTO ce OHa 3.lih.ja rrpll6Jlll)!(aBa. OCIIM rora, onyja MO)!(C 61ITH H JlOKaJIHOr xapaxrepa, a ne (BCOnUlTer ... Fp-rxa ce 3aBpUllIJIa nocne PHMa; a raxohe je 6lIJIa na 1I3MaK\ a sa Bpe~IC npousara Tpeber PHMa ... Moacta he jour II KIIHC311, XIIH)'IYClI, J~llaHUII .iaru CBeTY II Ileuepcxe Jlaspe, II HOBe AHToHlIje H Teonocnje, H Ccprnje. II Ceparpuae ... OTKY):l 3HaMO? Ho, MO)!(na ce aaapurasa Pycaja (TO He ~!11(.11l\11. II y~llIpyhH paba xplIIIIhalICKH HCTOK?!

UPCBO/l:: 30pau EyJbyruh

22

-" ,

.n:YX PEBOJIYQIIJE

Pcso.rvunja HlIjC 3aBpIIICHa. D:OK rOA nocroje HOpMaJIHlI, MaKap AC.11I\!l!'IHO ClOOOAHlI, JbYAlI II HapOAlI, PCBOJIYl\lIja TC'IC nan.e. KOHa'IHlI IUi:b fCB,).lYl\Hje jc rrOTrrYHO nopofin.anan,e <[OSCKa npBOM PCBOJIYl\lIOHapy, caTJ.HIL Hnje cnyxajno UOpl,I OpSCJI, srpoxceu rrOCJ1CTllIl\aMa JICBWlapCKlIX lITlCo.toruja. xojana je HCKaA II caxr CJIY)KlIO, 3a6eJIC)KlIO Y pOMaHY "1984" na jc (\']011I1a -ione-rancrna Y 6YAyhHocTU "'lH3Ma xoja ra311 JbYTlCKO nane, 11 TO jJYBCK". Hapasuo, rrpaBOCJIaBHlI snajy na TO "3aYBCK" IIC 3HatIll BllIIIC OA Tpl! II rro ronnne BJIaCTU airruxpacra, rrOCJIC -rera he XPllCTOC TlOhH na CYAII h;I!Bmla !f MpTBIIMa, a, KaKO KJllI'Ie aaur "CIIMBOJI sepe", "Hieronon napeTBY ache 6lITlI xpaja". Mcl)YTIIM, HOBH CSCTCKII nopeuax je PCBOJIYl\lIja KOIJ ce 3axYKTaBa, xoja MCJ-ha JIlII~C CBCTa, xoja PYIlllI CBe npen C060M II JbYAe npersapa Y P060BC HeJbYAlI, crrpCMHIIX na CBC OHO na UITa cy, Y !fMe CBOjlIX mona tICHIIX IIAcaJIa, 6lIJIlI crrpCMIIII Jlca.nn II XlITJICp. BJlaAlIKa HIIKOH je nncao 0 Y3pOl\IIMa 6y/\yhc nponacrn PYClIjc II nosnaao CBOj napon na noxaJJfbC. I1cTH Y3POl\lI nponacra H nanac npcre npaBOCJIaBHHMa, H oner jc jCAlIHI! nyr KOjlIM CC MO)KC II Mopa IIhlI noxajan.e . .Jcp, POA "AYXOBa PCBOJIYl\lIje" ":c 113I"OHlI cavo nOCTOM H MOJIlITBOM (TO jCCT, TleJIaTHOM, rrOABH)KHll'IKOM 0op60M npOTHB 3JIa Y CC611 H CBeTY). XOhCMO JIll ce npcHYTH npe nero IIITO 0yJC xacno? Ha HaMa je na OAJIY'IlIMO. A Eor he nouoha, aKO 6YAc HMao KO~IC.

Y CBOjOj CTY/\HjlI "LJOBCK IlpOTHB Bora", 6JIa)KCIlOIlO'lI1I3IIIH jepononax Cepaqian TIJIaTH!lCK!f (POY3) jc YOtlHO na je, o/~ Ao6a TIpocBCTHTCJhCTBa, l\CO naur CBCT Y cran.y PCBOJIYl\I1je, H!fXHJJIfCTWIKC 1l06YIIC IIpOTHB CTapor, na xpanrhancxosr Orxpnsen.y, sacnonanor nopcrxa, tmjIf je l\H]], 6HO npanpena 'IOBCKa sa cycper II )KlIBOT ca Hc6cCKliM ()I~CM y BCtIHOCTIi. HHXHJIII3aM, KOjH jc PYIIIllO 60IWloBc'IaIlcKY YCTPCMJbCIIOCT xyirrype Esponc, na xpajy je AOIIIao no CBOI' KOHa'IHor I[ll]]'a; na HOBOj, TeXHIIKOM npeofipa)KeHoj 3CMJbII, Mopa na ce IIojaBII 11 "HOBIi tIOI3CK", "3BCp ca BCCCJIIIM rpcyXOM", KaKO jc HaT'lOBCKa ssao HWIC, "tIOBCK HOBor KOBa" , KaKO cy 0 fbCMY rOBOplIJIlI MapKCHCTII. PeBOJIYI\lIja jc IIO'ICJla y 06JIaCTlI /\PYIIITBCHHX OAHOca, npornauraean.ea 6op6c sa "cJI06oAY, jCAlIaKOCT, 6paTCTBO-lIJIIi CMpT", KaKO cy npOrrOBCl1aJIlI qmJIococpI1 " I,ICJIaTII y TIoGa ¢paHl\ycKc peBOJIYI\lIjc, a aanpurasa ce Y 06JJaCTlI rCIlCTlIKC, ca fbCHlIM OrJICAlIMa KOjlI IIOApa3YMCBajy yrpann.y JbYTlCKHX rena y )KIIBOTlIIbC II KJIOHHpafbC.

3aTO OBa KIbHra unje MOrJIa a na cc IIC 6aBH nHTalheM jCAHC on najcrpauntnjax peaonynnja Y nocananusoj lICTOPHjH 'IOBC'IaHCTBa, 60JhUlCBWIKlIM npCBpaTOM Y PYCHjH, TOM npaCJIYIKOM CBlIX 3JIO'IIIIIa'IKlIX PCBOJIYl\lIja. TIpcA 'IllTaOl\CM CC nanase Gcccnc SJlal1l1KC HlIKOHa, jcnaor 0Tl najsarpeHlIjlIX fiopana rrpOTHB npCBpaTHI1'IKOr HaClIJI,a npe Hero lIITO jc nourna 1917. BJIal\HKa HlIKOH je Y OHOBPCMCIIOj PYCHjll BlI/WO CBC UlTO jy jc BOnllJIO xa HOIIOpy, 0/\ JICBlI'IapCKlIx nponaraIIAIICTJIlIKHX JIa)KlI 1I1I3najc lIIITCJICKTya.raua /\0 06c3GO)KClba pycxor napona. Ty jc 11 npononen CI3CUITeIloMY'ICHHxa .JOB ana (BOCToprOBa), HaCTojaTCJI)a xpaua CBCTor BaClIJIHja GJIa)KcIIOI' Y KpCMJh y, xora cy, xao MOIlapxHcry H "l\PIIOCTOTlIHama", Go]]'mCBl1I[lI yGII:m 1918. I'O/~HHC. 0 nyxy PCBOJIYl\Hjc xao 0 /\yxy l)aBolIMaIloCTu ronopn pyeKI1 xpumhancxn IICHXOJIOr Hcnjaposn-r, a 0 JIClhIIHY, je/\HoM on HarHYcnnjnx 3JJO'IHHal[a XX BCKa, rrlI!IIC CPI1JIococp BlIKTOP AKCjWIllI[. Ty je II .'I:IC] nosaaror MaTcMaTwlapa 11 HyGJIHI~lICTC Bnk'ropa TPOTCTHHKoBa,

\kTacplulIKa PYCKC PCBOJIYI[lljC", xao H paanamn.an.e CBCIlITCIIlIKa Cep~(lc! Mapuvxa 0 pCBOJlYI\Hjl1 H noxajarsy na xpajy 20. nexa. JICfhIIH, npere'1" .l!ITIIXPI!CTOB, npacnnxa jc nauaunr.ax rnopaua HOBOI' CBCTCKor noperKJ, 'm:e rajne napcnfie 0 yGnjalhY 'iliTaBIIX napona aapan cpehe T3B. "3JIaTHe \!ILllnJP]C" jOIII YI3CK HC MO)KCMO na npO'IlITaMO, aJIlI xoje CC CBaKaKO H 3S;:'liIJB..t1\.

24

BUiClUOP Huxonajeeuu TPOCIUHUKOB

U2. xa .11l6epa:UnaUHjll PYCKor APYlII'fRa. bYAyhH lIa ra je Illnajuapau Jlarapn ::.!c:lInao sa nnejaxa "nporpeca", OH je nch npHJIHKOM crynau.a aa npecro : "I. ronnne ofiehao caMOMC CC611 na he TOKOM CBOjc BJIaAaBHHC yKHHYTH . ~;,eIlOCHO npauo", rj, KMCTCTBO. LI,a 611 OCTBapHO OBY 3aMHcao, OIl je pa3Ma-;-:"w n.crone nojenanocra na 3aCCAalbllMa "HHTHMHor Ka6mICTa", a 3aTHM :] Cnepancxor nopY'IHO ua IIpllcrYIIH npanpcaana sa I1POMCHC PYCKor 3a)",'HOJaBCTBa. Pa3YMJbHBO je na CC, xao H nplIJIHKOM CBHX npOMCHa, APYIllTBO T .1]3 nOACJIIlJIO na ABa raoopa: IICKe cy npovene nJIalllHJIC, a HCKHMa cy cc 'mHlI.lC llCYBlllUC cnopav. 113 penosa OBIlX HCCTpnJbIlBHX rtpoasaurna cy AC~JGpIlCTIl, nornphyjyhn I'opeHaBCACHY Mllcao 0 Y3POUliMa PCBOJIYUlljc. 3aWT0 je. Y crsapa, TICCTCJb TOJIliKO )KeJICO na y611je napa? He 360r rora, HdpaBHO. lllTO je osaj 6110 ucynmue "necna-rap", jcp CC TO 0 AJIeKCaHAPY HllKaxo HC 611 MOrJIO pehn, Hero 3601' rora IllTO je 6110 HeAOBOJbIlO "JICBWlap". YonIIITCIIO roaopchn, na nap naje 3aIllYICO CBOjc oCJI060AllJIa'IKO ACJIlmafbe. OHO He 611113a3BaJIO Hll )KCJbY ACKa6pllCTa Aa cc ytipsa, lIC 611 !Ill nOACTaK..10 Xepucna, llTA. Ilpeua TOMC, "n06cAHliK Hanoneona" Morao 611 ce aa- 3BaTII II "AcAOM PYCKC peaonyuaje". JIWIHII lWXOBIIll nOI~BlII' AJlCKCaHApa D.larOCJIOBCHOr nnje Morao na aaycrasn H1l3 nacrynajyhnx norahaja, HacJICAHIIK AJIeKCaHApa Ilpaor, HliKOJIaj TIaBJIOBlflI, C rtpaaosr jc y ocraapaaan.y K..\ICTCKC perpopae saneo pacnan pycxor napcrsa. Ocrsapao jy je AJICKCaH.rap llpyra II OHa jc y TOj MCpll yopsana pasaoj pCBOJlYl\IlOHapHor npoueca .ia saute nnurra nnje Morno na ra 3aYCTaBli. HaKOH ACBeTlIaCCTor cpe6pyapa, JBaACCCT nCTlI OKT06ap jc nOCTaO HC1l36c)KaH.

LJ.IITaJIau he ynnrarn: na JIll TO 3Ha'I1I na jc, Y I\IlJbY cnpe-ranan.a PCBO.1YUl1jC, C(JbaKC rpcoano Ap)KaTIl y KMCTCKOM poncrsy? Ha CJIY'IajHo. Ila 611 ce 1136crJIa PCBOJIYUl1ja, rurran,e 0 KMCTCTBY rpeoano jc IIOCTaBllTlI na npyra HatllIH. TIpoMCHC y CCOCKOM na-nnry )KI1BOTa cy ce Ha311paJIC I1lbl1X jc rpeoa.10 rrpeacmrrarn, MC~YTIIM, TO npeacrnrrasan,e jc rpefiano na ce OAHOCli na TO, KaKO na cc ycaspure McxaH1l3Mll IlOJbOIlpllBPCAC II KaKO na cc paspane HOBI1 npamnuur oprannaauaje CCOCKor pana, Ynpaso jc TO 6110 OArOBOp na 113a30B enoxe 11 y raj OAroBOP 611 cnrypao YJIa311JIO 11 nperiaunaan,e onroBOPHOCTI1 CCJbaKa npen cnaxnjov II lhcrOBliM ynpaanaxon IIa oArOBopHOCT npen HCKOM MalhC nepcouaqiaxoaanou IIHCTaHUOM, TaKO na 611 'IYBCHO "KMCTCTBO" npaponno II 6e3 IlKaKBC 6YKC ClillIJIO C IlCTOPlljCKC noaopnane. MC~YTIIM, uarnacax je 6110 CTaBJbCH ACMarOIllKJ1: IlO CBaKY UCHY OCJI060All'I'll p060BC! 3a60paBJba cc na cy 'I'll "p060BIl" seh llMaJIll TaKBY Mepy CJl060- AC KaKBY HIlCY MOrJIll na "06YXBaTC" . To ce nOKa3aJIO y CBeOlIIIITeM APCKOM nonauran.y CCJbaKa npeua lbliXOBliM rocnonapaaa, y 3aAY)KClhY cnaxaja KOA lhUXOBIIX coucrsenax KMeTOBa, OTBOPCIIIlM npenparun-ncan pa3nmopllMa

META<D1I3IIKA PYCKE PEBOJIYUIIJE

HaKOH 80 ioouua, "oxnaqu ne" cy ce ciupaciiiu eesaue 3a iipoueuy 060Z ooiatya]« Yiipaeo caaa JW.)/(e.HO oa ia ca'iflega.tW, II lUO He 611l11e O'IIiAla "tienux" unu o-tu sta "l(p6eHIIX" '"

KOJICKTIlBIIO navbcn,c jc nonjennaxo orpaHWICHO xao H llllAllBllnVaJIITO. Y CJICA rora, kana TOKOM BPCMCHa Y lhcra y~c HCIllTO 1I0BO, IlY)KHO je na 113 H,.cra one HelIITO 0]J, OlIOI' crapor. J~CJIOBaH>e Tor 3aKOlIa lIaj60JLc nnyCTPYJC -mn.cuaua na ce uao-mrnen HaIllCM nOKOJIClbY no-rena sariopann.arn pycxa pcuonyunja: cehaa,a na n.y norncxyjy CBC>KlljH yracnjr.

Can cY sahyrana Ka3HBaIha o-tennnana - OHH cy jennocranno IIOMPJIIl. 3aTliM je TCMa peBOJIYl~Hjc 1I0tICJla ua cc nosna-ra 113 Klhll)KCBHOCTIl Y YMCTHOCTll, rAC jc HeKaA 6HJIa rnanna. AKO joj cc nanaunsa nncun 11 PC)KllCCPll nOI~cKaA II ofipare, KOA lhllX ce sanaxa HCliiTO ma6JIOHCKO II cCKYIlAapHo - TO JC neh llrpa nOKBapCHliX renediona.

3601' rora je sa CPIlJIOcocpa xoja paascnnn,a 0 pcnonyunja KYUIIyO 3Be:AaHI1 TPCHYTaK: 1l1II'IC3JIa je manna npenpexa, xoja My jc CMCTaJla na paIm.1C Cn?OBCAC CBOjy aITaJIll3Y Y3aBpCJIOCT CTpaCTIl. D,OK cy cehan.a na pCBOnyuajy 611JIa )KllBa, HY)KIIO cy 6IIJla 060jcHa cy6jeKTllBHHM TOIIOBliMa MP>KlhC llJIli 0AYIllCBJbCH,a. Enna je TO phasa nosannna aa CarJIC1PBalhC n.euor UCTlllICKor 06JIllKa. Oua cc nanac MO)KC 113MCPllTI1 na TCpa311jaMa JIOrllKC II 'IIlH>ClIlll\a, jep TC HliKO nche ryparn JlaKTOM HllTl1 he CTaBJbaTl1 rae xoja he noayha ITa AOJIC. Iloxynrajao Aa TO y'IllHIlMO.

Hajnpe 611 rpetiano na OI~rOBopIlMO na naran.e: 3601' xera je y Pycnjn 3anO'[CO PCBOJIYI\IlOlIapllll npouec?

Hexo jc TatIHO npnaerao: pCBOJIyI~lljC HC 1136l1jajy 30m rora lIITO ce v JPYlIITBy HC nenranajy )KCJbCHC npOMeHC, Hero 3aTO UlTO cy rrpOMCITC 3aIIO~'[\.C.le a.lll CC HC onnajajy OHaKO 6p30, KaKO CC )KCJIli. Ilo-rerax namer pCBO.~\ .uronapnor IIpOI\CCa Tpc6aJIO 611 BC3aTil sa onaj nepnon xar; cy Y'llllheHIl ::;'Ell. uaxo CHTHlll1 6oja)KJI>IlBH xopaun npeva ocrsapen.y OHOI' 3aXTCBa KO'j~ ic nTml nOCTaO rnanna JI0311HKa PCBOJIYl\llje. Taj 3aXTCB jc nofipo no",.1'_ lX.looahalbe yrn.crennx HapO]J,ITIlX Maca. 3601' n.eroaor ncnyn.en,a jc ;1 IE"ll.la norivna: peBOJIY[\llOHaPI1 IIllCY llMaJIll HliKaKaB npyru I\llJb. MehyTH\'. "pse xopaxc xa TOM OCJIOOO~CII)Y nnje Y'IllH110 HliKO npyrn AO uap AJICK(JEJJr TIJ.B.WBII'l. '1l1ja je I\CJlOKYIIHa ynyrpamn,a nOJIIITIlKa OIlJIa ycvepe-

26

-,-

- '

~1a OIIUITHHCKHM '3GopoBHMa, Y aacrpan.nnau.v CCJbaKa Y pasne CeKTC H crpyJe H Y ApyrHM 3IJaKOBHMa lbHXOBC notiync H pa3YJlapCHOCTH, Y ITCPHOAY OKO 1861, rO/lHHC rnanna nccpeha pycxor CCJbaKa nuje GHJIa nOTJIa'leHOCT Hero HCAIlCl\IlITJIHlJa, Illra cy y THM YCJIOBIlMa y'IIlHIlJIH oGpa30HaHIl xpyrosa, 'IIlja ce /lY)l(1I0CT, npena KHIIJIIlIlry, cacrojana y TOMC na "J~IlBJhaKC nay-te ua pane"? OHIl cy cc nannerann y TOMC KO he /laTH BIliliC CJ1060l1C TIlM "AIlBJhal\IlMa" Il IhHXOBO MCI)yc06HO cynapmnrrrso y roj 06JIaCTH AOCTIlIJIO je raxan HilBO na, Kali jc nap "cen.aunaa nao npaao" (rj. OCJIo60AIlO CCJhaKC 0/1 KMCTcrna) pallIlKaJIHIlM "pa3HO'IIlHl\IlMa" (IlIITCJICKTyaJII~H!lta xojn nncy 6IlJIlI IIJICMIlhKOI' nopexna, tiPILI1. lipeB,) IIIl TO nnje 6IlJIO AonOJhIIO. OHIl cy na rsera 6aliIlJIIl 60M6y. ITOIIOBIlJla ce acropnja AJICKCaH/lpa Ilpsor: /la IherOB YHVK nnje crrpononuo csojy perpopvy, )KCJha60Ba H Ileponcxy IIC 611 aaxuarno »cap Aa Hny AaJhe H lie 6Il AOUIJIO HIl AO araxa na n.eron )l(lIBOT.

Perpopua jc, HaIlMe, 6HJla neona Y)Kyp6aHa, a Y3POK TOMe rperia rpa)KHTil Y IIenpaBlIJIIiOM UarJIaCKY. Pa3MIlllIJhaJIIl cy cavo 0 TOMC na "najy npana" H CBHM CCJI,al\IlMa cy oojanana iC/iHY IlCTY panocny BCCT: cana MO)l(CTC na pa~iHTe UITa rO/i XOhCTC. Mehy lbilMa jc 6HJIO MIlJIIlOH no msa MIlJIHOHa crraXIlJCKC CJIY)KHH'IaAIl, xoja cy 3HaJIH cano na aaoaan.ajy rocrrony 11 Aa JCAY MpBIll\C ca IbHXOBor CTOJla. JacHO je na ce TH "OCJI060I)CHH KMCTOBH" nncy 6aL\HJIIl Hil na KaKBY 3eMJhOpa/llhY nero cy y CBOjCTBY JIYMneH-rrpOJICTepIljara rrpCrrJIaBHJIlI rpanose H rrOCTaJIIl HACaJIaH peHOJIYl\IlOHapHIl xanap.

Ilpena TOMe, pYCKa PCBOJIYl\Hja nnje Il3BpIlIeHa "OA03/10", KaKO CV TO npencrann.ana OOJI,IlIeBIll\H, )KCJIchH na OCTaBC YTHcaK Il3BplIIIlTCJha naponHC BOJhe, nero jc H3BpUIcIIa "onosro". Y npaso OAaTJIC cY nOTHIiaJIH IlMIIYJICIl, KOjIl cy PYCHjy rypann xa JIIl6epaJIIIO-CraJlHTapliOM YCMCPClhY (aapas KOHcTaHTIlHa Jleorrrjesa), aa KOjcM jy jc O'IeKHBaJia xaracrporpa.

c Illra jc TO npnuopano nmun CTaJIC)K na oncesre rpany na KOjOj je ceJCO? OWOBOP na TO rurran.e yonurre naje KOMIlJIHKOBaH, YKOJIHKO ce OCJIOOOL\IlMO MapKCIlCTlf'IKOr CTcpCOTIlna, KOjH cy lIaM ycahnnana TOKOM npOTC'"'.1 I! X ceAaMlicCCT rOAHlIa H npeva KojCM je ncropnja T060)KC onpebcna Man:pl!jaJIHHM cpaKTopilMa. HHiJITa HHjC TaKO liaJICKO on CTBapIIOCTH! Ha IlCTOPllJY CC Y nOTIIYlIoCTIl MO)KC rrpIlMcHIITIl CBaHI)CJICKa nspexa: pyx je OHO Ill/UO ".",'11". MBa, iueno He KOPUClUli uuuuua (.TIl, 6: 63), TOK HCTOPlIjCKHX norahaja He: lJBIIel! 011 TOI'a 'IHMC CC JhYAH xpane Il KaKBa opyba KOPlICTC, nero OA "II<'r..! IIITO \IlICJIC H ocehajy, O/i lbHXOBor yuyrpaunser cran,a. Oojamn.ana-l! ptEI '.lYllIljy THMC na cy cnpouaca rJIaAOBaJIIl IlAa cy 360r rJla/lIl IIlHeJIH JJ .:c '-'\ile: HallBHO je H aHTIlHaY'IHO, Kan jc 'IOBCK rnanan, OH CBC CRojC caare y~\lcrJBcj HJ nponanaxen.e xpaue Il HCMa speacaa na 0l1JIa311 na naprajcxe CaC[JH,",c II .ia cc 6aHH IlJICraJiHOM nenarnonrhy TIlMC cc oaBc CHTH, 113a

pcso.tvunja YBCK CTOjIl HC cpH3IftIKa aero MOpaJIlm HeJIarO/iHOCT Il cnojenpcua HOCanJ. Ilocaua jc, Mcl)yrHM, y Mlloro sehoj MCpll cnojcrsena MaTeplIia.nro oGc36cI)CHHM KJIaCaMa, a IIC OIlIlMa xoje )KHBC y OCKYAlIllIl, Ila 011 ce y I']HOCY na pyCKy pesonyuajy oCTRapH.1o Ha'ICJIO "Pycxor lioMa", "IlOl'JICAaj v '"'0PCII", rpetiano 611 na YTl3pnIlMO 360r -rcra cy ce II0ca~HBaJII1 BIIIlIIl PYCKII ,;pyroBil y npcnpcnonvnnonapnou 19. BCKY H nrra IlM je nenocrajano. Pycxa ,",Ibll)KeBHOCT 'rora /l06a, KOjC jc 6IlJIO IhCH "3JIaTlm" BCK, caCBlIM jacno onropapa na TO mrraa,e: THM BHlllIlM KpyroRIlMa, xoja CY)KHBCJIll "xao oy6peI' y .rojv' nenocrajana jc I1JICMCHlITa nneja, KaKBOM GIl MOrJIH lia IlcrrYIIC CHOj i+-:IIBOT, nenocrajana HM jc npIlBC3aHOCT aa HCIlITO Y3BIlUlCHO. KOA Ibl1X CC DIIa)KaO "/iCCPIlIiI1T /iYXOBHOCTlI", KOjll cy OIIIl jacno OCehaJIIl. Ta nYXOBIIOCT .It:. sanpano, 'IORCKY norperinnja nero jCJIO Il nahe. Pa3YMC ce Aa 0I1a nnje [J,-'Tpe6Ha cano 06pa30BaIlHMa nero H aajnpocrajeir JI,YAHMa, napoq» H y (BI!\I BPCMCHilMa H y CBHM 3CMJhaMa napon jy je IlMao y BilAY CBOjC lIaI~IlOHJ.1HC pcnnrnje. Ma KOJIlIKO HaM Jiallac OBa lIJIH OHa pennrnja Il3rJICl\aJIa rIpmmTHBHO, y cnaxoj 0/1 IbIlX, 6C3 Il3Y3CTKa, HaJIa3HO CC Il3BCCHil CJICMCHT .-\JaMY naror OTKpOBClba, KOjIl je 'IHHHO H,CHO jcsrpo.

CBC AO HC TaKO l1aBlIC npOIlIJIOCTH, HIljCAHO OA ITJICMCHa JhYJiCKC IlCTOpnje nnje 6HJIO 6e3 pcnnrnje - 60rOOTKpHBCHC Y 011 OM CTeneHY Y KOjCM je TO :l.IC\IC MOI'JIO Ila je I1pHMH, ana ooaBC3HO 60rOOTKpIlBCHC, icp je cauo PCJIIlr nja cnocofina na BO/lIl JhYACKIl )KHBOT, xao H )KIlBOT KOCMIftIKIl, KOjH CC HIl~JJ I1C MO)KC /10 xpaja pa3YMeTIl. McI)YTHM, Y Espona CC Y 18. BCKY nojannno 1c:]HLl HCBHI)CHO nJICMC, nIlJIO je CaCTaBJhCHO OA JhYAl! KOjIl cy ce6c Ha3IlBaJIIl

npocBCTIlTCJbHMa", Ha CBCTCKOj apenn nojannna cc IIOBa CCKTa Il xao na je (TBOpHJla HOBY pCJIHrHjy nOI1 I1a3HBOM "nporpec". MeI)YTIlM, HlIKO 01\ JhYl~H nnje Y CTaH>Y na CTBOPH HCTlmCKY penarnjy, HIlTH nojennna-mo lIlITIl sajcnfW. 360r rora cc KO/i lbliX nojasuna IICCBAOpCJIIlrIlja - 6C36JIarO/laTHa IlHTC.1CKTyaJIlia KOHCTpYKl\Hja, xoja HHje lIMaJla 6orooTKpIlBeHO jesrpo. Taxo jc 3anO'ICJIa rpannnoaua npaua HOBIljC IlCTOPHjC, -mja MCTacpIl3IftIKa CYIIITHHa ca.ia sch MO)KC na cc /iCIIIIlcppyje, CYIIITilHa cc YBeK pasorxpaaa Y KOHKPCTH,)CTII. KOIIKpcTlIa pennrnja, xojy je H3IyollJIa npocsehena Espona IIOBCPOaaaum y nporpcc, 6HJIO je xpmuhancrno. lhCHO 113ry6JbcIIo )KIlBOTOTBopno HJ'IC",O 6IlO jc XPIlC'["OC, KOjIl cc Ha3IlBa "PC'I" (" Jloroc"). HaKOH IlITO ic Hsera 113ry6IlJIa, nojanno cc nOMCHYTIl I1CCPHliHT /iYXOBHOCTH. Ilpcaa TOMC, rpeoano je /ia npouahy npyro BIlII1C Ha'ICJIO, KOjC ynpann.a )KHBOTOM. Ty .ic ](1IlI.10 no pacuena. Ilocrxpnmhaacxa CBporrCKa IiIlBIlJIH3al\Ilja je ()I~ canor TpeHYTKa csor nojann.nnan.a nana /iBC rpane. ITpBa jc IIpOIIBCTaJia y aananH<:'.i Esponu. rue cv BpJIO 6p30 npeUIJIH na ynpasn.an,c 6pojeM H llIl.iH je pc,UTaT nocrao KanI1TaJIIl3aM, JhYAil cy 3a n.cra 6IlJIIl npIlIIpCMJbCHIl perpop-

28

29 .;"'U II .la.JKHlI lIPOPOI(U (MT. 24; 24), Taxsn Jla)KHlI XPliCTOCli cy aa Hac :-:·(T.1.111 Mapxc II Jlea.nn.

E TO KaKBa ce TIpOCTa rrpll'Ia 36IlJla na naureu MCTa<pIl3WIKOM npOCTOC''.. npojexryjyhn ce na nam MaTepHjaJIlIII )KlIBOT najnchou KaTaCTpO<pOM ::~.!]e(CTOr sexa ~ PYCKOM peBOJIYI\HjOM. KaKaB 3aKJhY'IaK rpcfia na Il3BeAeV.' 113 onora, UITO CMO ynpaso pa3MOTpHJlH?

Y TOM I\IlJhY je HeonXOAHO na pa3MOTpHMO HOllO, IIlTO ce AOrOAIlJlO E3;':')H rora. EYT\yhil na cy Jla)KOBH ucrospeueuo II -roaexoyoane (JH. 8; 44), '~jpKCI13aM~JlelhIlHH3aM jc KOA Hac npOJlIlO IlOTOKe KpBH. EYT\yhil I\a CMO ce :-01.1.1IIHlJIH, Mil CMO Oil, pyxonoben,a Jla)KIIOM penjy rrpeIIIJlH na pyxosohen.e "!'l,jC\1. OAHOCIIO, conajanasau CMO 3aMeHIlJlH KaIlIITaJIII3MOM, OAMax CMO :::"ill.1l! T\O TY)KHOr 3aKJbY'IKa: KarrIITaJl1I3aM je OABpaTaII! TCK can CMO CC yBe;'IL111 KOJllIKO ce Ta'IIIO H3pa3IIO Hnxonaj rYMIlJhCB, pCKaBIIIII na sa "HIl)KIl :.+.:lIBOT 6cxy 6pOjCBIl" . He )KCJlChil Aa )KIIBilMO IlIl)!(IIM )!(IIBOTOM, rrO'lCJIII CMO ].1 pa3\1l1IllJhaMO 0 noaparxy y COI\IIjaJIII3aM, 'IIIje CMO MPCKOCTH aa cano ]C(CT ronnua rOTOBO CaCBlIM 3a6opaBIIJIII. MeI)YTIIM, aKO ra IlOHOBO yrnena\fl.' .111l\CM Y naue, one he ce nojamrru y namev cehatsy II Mil heno, caCBIIM cnrypao, OIIeT rrO)KeJleTII na nooerueao Oil, n.era. KYAa? LJ.a ce spa'nero y

J..:JIIIITaJIll3aM? ~

He, jep je TaKBO HaT\MeTalhe II3Mel)y Jla)KHe pe'III II 6poja 6eCMIICJIeHO - ,'HO he nac 3aBCCTll y oecxona'tuocr, xoja je TOJIIIKO HeOMIIJheHa y <plIJIO(()<Plljll. MeI)YTllM, Mll llMaMO Ha'IHlIa Aa je 1I36erIIeMO, TaKO IllTO heMo ce vsouhu «a epxv, xa Pe'III (JIorocy) Kojy CMO OAaBHO uanycraau. Ila 61ICMO cc raxo Y3AIIrJlII, HeOIlXOAHO je na xao )KIIBOTHH xoxmac Y3MCMO EBaIlI)CJhc. T a j peucrrr 6II ce HeKOMC Morao Y'IllIIIlTII CYMlhlIBO jennocrannaa. Meby- 111\1. aexa npooa na ra ucnynn, II ysepahc cc na jc OH Te)KaK. Ilpyrn peuerrr He nocrojn,

Mal\IIjcKliM AYXOM pauaonanmaa, xoju jc rrpO)KCO CBe crpepe. Jlpyry rpany 06pa30Bao je PYCKU IWp1l3aAI. 011 ce rpOpMaJlHO CMaTpao npaBOCJlaBIlOM M(;napxajon, amr je rro CBOjOj CYIUTIIIIII IlpeACTaBJl,aO caCBIIM npyraxaja run )!(llBOTHOr YCTpojCTBa, -mje je opraH1I3al\IIOHO na-reno 6llJla otcpnena Pen. He llpOlllaBlllll Kpm npenasuy erany npOTCCTaHT1l3Ma, pYCKa Hal\IIOHaJIHa CBeCT HIIjC MOrJIa na O)\jCAIIOM II Y rrOTIIYHOCTll ornanne 01\ XpIIcTa, TaKO na ce 3aYCTaBIIJla na IlOJIOBll'IHOj BaplIjaHTII. OA ABC aanoaecrn PC'III (Jloroca), na KojllMa jc "YTBpI)CH cas 3aKOH II IlpOPOI\II" , OT\IlOCIIO OA 3aIlOBeCTil Jby- 6u Focuooa Boia ceojeia CBUM cpueu CBOjllM, 11 CBO.l1 IJYWOAt CBOjOM, U CBUM y.'lWM iueojus: II Jby61l 6.I!UJlCfbeZa cB02a «ao caMo2a ce6e (MT. 22; 37, 40), OHO jc 3arraMTlIJIO cano npyry, AOK jc npny 3a6opaBIIJIO.

CBaKO JhYIICKO npcxpojasaa,e 6orooTKplIBeHe penarnje naje HIlIIlTa I\PYI'O Hero jepec, Haxo TO KOA Hac Mano KO pa3YMC, neocnopna jc IICTOpnjcxa ~IIIJbCHIIl\a Aa je TOKOM I10cJleAlhIlX CTO rrcnece'r IIJIII ABCCTa ronnna csor nocrojan,a PYCKO l\apCTBO 3aXBaTIlJIa jepec xoja 6II CC MOrJla uaaaarn 'IOBCK060UlTBOM. Y IICTllHCKOM xpmnhancrey CBC je ycrpojeno C 1I3BaHPCAHOM MYl\pomhy: npna 3arrOBeCT IIcrrYlhaBa npyry AYXOBHIIM canpacajen, II ua raj Ha'lIIH Jhy6aB rrpeMa 6JIII)KlheM nocraje HCTI1HCKa, OAHOCHO 60- )KaHCTBeHa Jhy6aB. YKOJlIIKO ce HC acnynn npna 3arrOBeCT, Jhy6aB rrpCMa 6JIII)KJhCM nocraje pouaniuuuna II ceniiiuueniuanua, na npeaa TOMC II na)KHa. MeI)YTI1M, aa '10BCKa KOjII )KIIBII Y TOj jepecn, 'ra n.yrias ce nojann.yje xao najnnenemmrje OA lheMY nocrynnnx ocehan.a, 360r -rera je OH neryje y nYUlII 11 ca lhOM ycarnatnana csoje nocrynxc, xao IlITO cy IIX n.erona npcJIll ycarnauranana ca BCPOM y bora. Jl,06IIja CC, MCI)YTIIM, caCBIIM APyra'IIIja pC3Y~TaT. POMaHTlI3aM II CCHTIlMCHTaJlIl3aM AOBOAC ynpaso AO JlII6cpaJl1I3al\IIJc II eramrrapaaaunje, WTO ce II KOA Hac AorOAIIJlO. 3a60paBJhalhe npse aanosecrn AOBeJIO jc II AO rora na jc Y Pycnjn sano-reno cnarin.eu.e MOHaWKor nOABII)KHIIWTBa. MOHax ~ TO jc ynpaso 'IOBCK xoja )KIIBII npBOM sanoueurhy, KOjlI CBIIM cnnaua CBOjC nyure Jhy6ll bora II xohe na My C.lY)!(II, 360r -rera II nanynrra CBeT. Beh y Karapanano BPCMC raxsa JI,YAII \101'0111 cy CC na npcre uafipojarn, a cano CTO IIJlll nBCCTa rOAIIHa npc rora 1:'11.10 lIX je na XIIJhaAe. To je IlMaJlO orposme nocnenaue aa HalllY iJ,PKBY: fbU1 cy npecrana na nparn-ry )KIlBOTOTBOPHII COKOBII orurraor fioronosnafbJ. II OHa je y CBC sehoj Mepii nocrajana nospunra II Wa6JIOHCKa. JbYAII cy T,' npII\leTIIJIIl: nocreneno cy IlO'lCJlII na ry6e ocehan.e nourroaaa,a npcua fb"J II .ta llYXOBllY xpany rpaxe na APYrIIM MCCTilMa. Hajsan je AOllIJlO AO "!I,X HCII3Ge)KHor: 3aTaMJbCHa II oxpn.ena Pe-r npecrana je na aarpesa cpue pvcxor '!OBeKa, 11 n.era je Ca6JIa3lIIIJla 1I3pa3IITIIja, naxaa pen. Taxo cc ]"["]11.10 OlIO. [[[TO je npencxasano Y EBaHI)CJl,Y: Ilojaeuhe ce nascnu xpu-

Ca pYCKor npenena:

AUTOUUlla Ilaarenah

30

31

asor qErA JE IiOJIECHA HAIDA MAJKA-PYCMJA

COHCTBOM 11 CBI1M OHI1M TlyXOBHI1~! llTpOBI1Ma, KOjl1 Cy IIOCTeIICHO, aJII1 CI1I'YpHO BOIlI1JII1 3aIIaI\HC napone xa pacnany. HOK jc raj paCKOJI, ra IIYXOBHa 00- JICCT HaJIa3l1JIa CCOI1 MCnO Y OOnaCTI1 JIWIIIOI' )KI1BOTa, v oonac;'11 ~fl1UIJhen.a, )\OTJIC je 'ra nojana OJ1jIa, YCJIOBHO ronopeh», nonlI'OUIJhI1Ba: uapon CC ~JIOIIHO I1HTCJICKTyaJIalW KOjH cv H3IICBCPl1JIl1 IheI'OBC ancane, )KHHCO je CHOJHM )KHBOTOM, 'IYBaJyhl1 npc~13 CBojHM MoryhlloCTI1Ma 3aHCTC oraua, CHHCXOg.ThHBO rncnajyha na "rocnony" , xieby KOjOM jc, CpChOM, HHgCl) 11 sepue CI1HOBC UPKBC, H OAaIIC CHIIOBe OT,l'laCTBa, KOjH CC, l1aKO 11 uacy YBCK IIP)KaJII1 nOCTOBC. HI1CY csarna YPC/:(HO rtocebnsana xpaMOBC I;o)Kjc, I1IIaK III1CY III1 yrnnrrann Y )\YXOBHI1 )KI1BOT napona, ItHCY ra ocYl)I1BaJIl1 OTBOPCHO, a nonexan, ~I3Aa IIa nonptuan I1a'll1H, H Y'ICCTBOBaJIH cy Y TOM )KHBOTY. Y CBaKOM .c.TJY<IaJY rrpaBOCJIaBlUI IIapO!l HC'IpajIIo je TJaMTHO H srrao fla je H,crcma Bepa jennna CBeTa H Eorou AaIIa; naje n.crosa UpKBa - cserun,a HCIIPHKOCIIOBCna, na je l~crOB Ilap nO)KjH nOMa3aHHK, -mja jc peu - 3aKOH IICnOrpCIJIHBH ... Ilpornao JC jenau H no BCK OTI kana CC nojanana OBa nyxusna 60JICCT rraponHOI' paCKOJIa. nOJIOBI1HOM npontnor CTOJICha, KOpl1CTehH BeJJI1KC pCrpOPMC I1MnepaTOpa-OCJI06o1:(110I\a, nO~1 YTI1I\ajcM Ilyxa MaCOHCTBa, KOjC ce lIeBHgl1BO 11 HeOCCTHO cBy/\a YBJIa'HIJIO 11 csyna YIIOCl1nO cnoj pa30pHI1, IIOKBapcHI1 ?TPOB, uaura HIITCJIl1rCHI:(Hja jc nO'lCJIa IIOCTCnCHO Aa aapaxcana HapO)1 CBOJOM 60ncmhy naKOMHcnCIIOCTH y III1Tafhl1Ma ncpe, a cneucrneno H Y MOpaJJHOM )KHBOTy. CnOOOTla mTaMIIC pasnocnna je OTPOB JIa)KHI1X Y'ICIha CBYAa no Pvcaja, a 6()· THX !,(l)II1Ha 3anO'ICO jc I1CTpajHH nOKpCT, KOjH jc YIlpaBO y nOCJIeAlbC BpeMC nasnao cefie "OCJI060AHJIWIKH". Ko6IIa Y HCTOPHjll PYCHJC 1905. r01\I1Ha, rOTlHHa CMYTlhC II cnaxojaxnx nonynrran,a, OTKpl1JIa jc xaKaB nonop onnaja [[alllY I1[[TCJJl1rCIII\Hjy 01\ caM or [[apona. Bnanajyha KpyroBI1 cy 6HJJl1 IICOgJJY'IJII1: YMCCTO na jacno, 'IBPCTO H 6e3ycnoBHo crany na crpany HapOIIHI1X ancana, HHTcncKTyaJJJ\H-6HpOKpaTI1 xao na cY ce CTHIICJHI TI1X HAeana H IIOII[[OCI1JIH cy jenau aa IIPyrHM 3aKOHCKC npennore 11 naupre, caCBI1M HcrrpHXBaT!hHBC sa HapOTlHY nyuiy ... 3anO'ICJJa je H AO cana rpaje IICKaKBa nenorpcrina. HeCXBaTJJ,I1Ba 60p6a: C jenne crpanc - HHTC.TJCKTyamIH, KOjH )KCJIe na no cBaKY I\CHY HaMcTHY napouy ryhe nneane, a ca TlPY;'c- napoli xoja ce GOpl1 aa CBOjC O<Il1HCKC 3aBCTC; C jcnne crpane - rexn,a na ce YHCCC y cane 3aKOHC, a Kp03 3aKOlIC H Y HapOTlHI1 )KI1BOT paBHOTlYIIIIIOCT rrpeua CBOjoj UPKBH, IIpC~!a f1paBOCJIaBHoj BCPH, rtpeua l1T1caJIY CaM01\p)KaBn,a, npeMa poheaox: lIapOI\Y; ca upvrc - YIIopHa, CTHXl1jcKa, MaTla HC YBCK rrpaBI1JIIIO OpraHl130BaHa ontipana CBHX TI1X 3aBCTIIllX CBCTl1fha ... ~YTlHO je TO lIITO jc I1HTenllrCIII\l1ja 3611n,a rua-nnta y nopcbcn.y ca ropOCTaCOM uapOI\OM, a MCl)YTI1M xohc na cas napon y )\YXOBHOM lIOI'JJeny npconrojn no CJJI1I\H 11 IIPHJIIIIIH CBOjOj ... PaTlI1'IeI'a') Y HMC -rcra? Ca~1a oua uajc rora CBCCHa. Jour je '1\;[-

Apxueiiucxoii BO.!lOiogCKU U TOIUe.MCKU HUKOH (Po:JICgeclU6eHCKU)

. OTI stera OOJJyjc PYCHja') Ila HaIIIa Maj'IHqaPYCHja /1YXOBIIO 60JIyjc - TO JC, '!HIll! ce, CBHMa O'ICBHTlHO, ann Y 'ICMY je xopen 60JJeCTH, KaKBC npHJIHKC Y caMOM TlP)KaBHOM oprannsnv noronyjy TOj 60JIeCTH - 0 TOMC CC H3HOCC uajpaamt-nrraja MI1II1JbeH,a, eBC TIll O!lpe'IHOCTH. Hehy pa3MClTpaTH CBa ra MHIIIn,Clha, YTonHKO IIpC nrro Y rranre BpeMC MIlorH TaKB!! rrI1CI\H, xoja ea~1l1 ne sepyjy onone !lITO rrHIIIy, I1CKa3yjy cnoje cYIlOBC cairo paTlH 'rora na 6ll CaKpl1JJI1 cnoje npanc MIlCJII1. He BpC/\H ry6l1TH BPCMC na IIO!lCMHKY ca raKBI1M rry6JIl1I\I1CTmla: CBcjCglIO - Ihl1X 1IJ1lIHM HchcIII y6CgI1TH, jcp 0IIl! nrajy HCTHIIY IIC cnafinje 0/\ Klhl1)KeBHUKa 11 rpapnccja, caBpCMCIIl1Ka I'ocnona Hcyca XpHCTa, ana HaMepIIO aarsapajv CBOjC O'IH na je IIC (iH Bl1gCJJH ... nOKYUIahy na onroaopan na nOCTaBJhCHO IIHTalhC Y llMe OillIX Pyca, KOjl1 cy Mojl1 HCTOMI1IIIJhCHI1I\H, xoja ncxpeno none cnojy POAHIIY, 03GHJhHO CC OTlIIOCe npeua OHOMC IllTO CC cana 36l1Ba y PYCHjH, 11 CBI1M CBOjl1M 6l1hCM joj )KeJJC 1106po.

PYCHja gYXOBIIO 60JIyjc UTI BCJIl1KOr AYXOBIIor paCKOJIa I13MCl)y CBOjIIX ropn.nx, oopa30BaIIl1X cnojena H CBe BHUICMHJJl10HCKC xrace napona, HC OTI OIIOI' I\pKBCIIOr pacxona, KOjH jc nacrao 3001' I\j1KBCHHX ofipcna sa BPCMC narpnjapxa HHKOIla, nero 0/1 onor, KOjH je 3arrO'ICO sa BPCMC Ilcrpa BcnnKOf. Y CTBapl1: naje na 60JICCIIa oua nojasa y opranmuy BCJIHKOr napona na IhC],0I3l1 ropn.n CJJOjCBI1, II,crOB MHCJIChH )\CO (HIITCJIHreI!l\Hja) uehc na 3I1a OIlC 3aBCTHC HAeaJJC Kojl1Ma je )KI1Ba naponna nynta, xoja cy CTHXl1ja n-eroBII]' :lYXOBlIOr )KUBOTa, (iC3 KOjHX jc HC3aMl1CnHBa cava nJ1llIIOCT naponna? ~I.:jL BC.1IIKH pcdiopsiarop IIpC/\BHI\CO /10 -rera he gOBCCTH IbC],OBa 3aHCTOCT 3Jn~UHH~1 cpopMaMa IIOJIHTI1'IKOI' H /\PYIJITBCHor )KHBOTa, 0111\(\ He 6ll IIa3Bao cll11iy IIPCCTOJIHIIY HeMa~IKHM HMCIIOM, IIC 611 IIaM npenco can raj .TIa)KIIH cjaj, ("e] xora CC 11 MoI'.TJO 11 IIITO jc TpCOaJIO 1136ehH IIPHJIHKOM YBo9Clha pecpop\!I!. xoje jc cuarpao I1COIIXOTlHI1M Ja np)KaBHH nanpcnax IhCI'OBC TOJJI1KO BO:heIlL Pvcnje. AJIH Ko6IIa rpCIIIKa olma.ic y<IHlbeHa, 11 CliO sch rtpe xpaj 18. en I.lcha HaIlIH ropn.n CJIO.ieBI1, nama oHpoKpaTHja, npel\CraBIIHI\I1 lIajBl1lIIHX nii.l:lCTII :rpiKaBHor )KI1BOTa, IIaYKe, VMCTIIOCTH, ca 113\'3CTKllM BCO~!(~ McIJIO], 6puia IhII\. Beh cy Ol1JHI 3apa)KCIII1 <JIOOOAOYMn,CM" , ~()JITCpHiaIIcTBoM, Ma-

32

33 CJIaBHC, na tnmourro uche A03BOJII1TI1 Aa ce npocronyuma .ThYAI1 Ca6JIa)Klhanajy nponaraunou JIa)KIII1X yuen.a, 11 na, nonynrrajyhn C.Tl0601W acnosenau,a, HI1 Y KOM CJIY'Iajy nehe AorrYl'TI1TI1 cnoriony UIHpCfLa Jla)KHI1X Y'IcH,a ...

7972.

Hl1je llITO Y TOj I1HTCJIHrCIII\l1jl1 I1Ma 3al1CTa I1cKpeIIHx JI,YAI1, - 0 OlIl1Ma KOjl1 cY ce6c IlpOAaJIl1 Jeapcjnua 11 MaCOHI1Ma, pa3YMc CC, He npena HI1 rOBopl1TI1, - JhYAI1, KOjl1 cnarpajy na )KCJIC Aa nocrany nofiporsopa napona ... Kao na HCKaKBa ManIa rrpCKpHBa O'IH TI1M Ao6pOHaMepHI1I1HMa Hapolll1HM, a Kana 11M yxasyjy IIa I"HXOBY OCHOBHY rpeiuxy, 'rana HM rpyrio caMo.TI,y6fuC HC 1\0- anorsasa na npnanajy CBOjy KPHBHlW, 11 OHI1 uacrojc na yoene eeoc H Apyrc na cy 6aUl 01111 npaBI1 A06pOTBOpl1 napona! A Ty BCJII1KY 3a6JIYAY KOPI1CTC IICnpnjarcn.a uapona H )Kype na nonpxe 3a6JIYAY y YMoBI1Ma OBI1X, TY~HM YMOM Ml1cJIchl1x, fuYAI1. Onacnocr je y TOMe WTO TaKBI1 JhYAII ne nepyjy y cano nocrojan.e TIIX nenpajaren,a, a nenpujaren.a 6aw lLIIMa II PYKOBOAC! Jep CKOPO uenoxynne WTaMnC AOlJenaJIII cy ce ynpaso OBII HCllpIIJaTC.TI,H, OHI1 I1Majy csoje arerrre Me~y CaMI1M ananajybnv KpyrOBI1Ma, TaMO BCUITO ycahyjy CBC WTO lIM rperia, AOK HaWII noriponaaepnn 06pa30BaHlI JLYl\li li He )KeJIC na cyun.ajy y TO! A napon IIHCTIIHKTIIBHO, IICTOPlijCKliM 'IYJIOM yBII~a OBY onaCHOCT II ua CBC Moryhc lIa'IHHe, MaAa II IICYMClllHO, nporecryje npOTIIB Tor AYXOBHor nacnn.a. Cnasa Eory WTO MC~y caMOM I1HTCJIlIrCHI\lIjoM jour lIMa, KaKO jc sch peueno, JhYAli KOjlI HIICY npeKIIHyJIII seae ca lIapOAOM, KOjl1 jOIlI YBCK )KIIBe HapOAHIIM lil\CaJIHMa, Mal\a fulIX nnje MIIoro. OHH ce yjCAHfuyjy Y l\pYIlITBa H canese na 61I pasjacnana 're HAeaJIC, Aa 61I IIX Y'IBPCTIIJIli Y CBOjOj COnCTBeHoj CBeCTli li na 61I CC 60plIJIlI aa fulIX npcn OCTaJIOM IIHTCJIHrCHI\lIjoM. Ilpe urecr ronana, xana CC y Ilerepoypry 06pa30Bao PYCKH Ca- 6op, HaMa, npaBOCJlaBHIIM PYCIIMa, 'IHHIIJIO CC HeKaKO 'IYAIIO lllTO CC Y pyCKOj npCCTOHIII\II crnapa PYCKII Ca6op ... xao na TO nnje pYCKa npeCTOHIII\a? AJIlI kana je 'raj Ca60p no-rco na acnon.asa CBOjy l\CJIaTHOCT, rana je npeoCTaJIO cano na ce aatinaronapa OCHIIBa'iliMa TaKBe opranasauaje. TIoCTaJIO je jacno na TY )KCJIC na ce yjenaue npasn pYCI1, na 61I npeua CBOjlIM MoryhHOCTIIMa CJIY)KI1JII1 POAliHII, CBOMe pobenoa HapOI\Y, 'iliMC II KaKO MOlY OA rana ce nojaBIIJIO MHoro TaKBIIX YApY)KCILa, cancsa, ca6opa, 6paTCTaBa ... Ana eBO y 'leMY je a nopen rora xpajn.e HCMHJIa nojana: y nnanajyhm« xpyroaava fbHMa xao l\a IIC sepyjy, fulIXOB mac IIC 'Iyjy, 'ICCTO overajy IblIXOBY ACJIaTII'_)~I II xao na HX cnarpajy KO'lHlII\OM y l\eJIY "06HOBe" PYCHje ... Crane JIll B.l . .iJ3 y3 1I0CI10l\C HapOI\HC MIICJIli, HapOI\HIIX IIl\eaJIa, 1I0~e JIll ca fbl1Ma pave y3 pa~It::, Pycaja he ce 3aHCTa 06HOBI1Tll, ojanarn, a napon he ce CI1JIHO otipailOBaTI1 CBOjlIM Haj60fulIM npcI\CTaBHllI\I1Ma, 61lhe cnpexan na CBe, na Ma xaKBe IKPTBC, cano na npencranmnm anacru CXBaTe II nonecy rrpaBIIJIaH cYI~ 0 fberOBIIM 3aBeTHllM IIl\eaJIIIMa. Ha)KaJIOCT, y BllWllM KpyroBI1Ma TO KOHa'lHO pewefbe HC npnnehyje ce: TaMO je CTaJIIIO IICKaKBO J\BoYMJI,efue, xao na ce CTIIAe na GC3 ynajan.a II OJ\JIY'IHO, orsopeno II OI\BalKHO 1I3jaBc na OlIl1 1I1I Y KOM cny-rajy nche 1\OnYCTIITII Hll najuan,e OMaJIOBa)KaBafue UPKBC Ilpano-

HEllTO 0 TAJHII BE3AKOlhA

CBeT 1\06pa, CBCTJIOCTll II JICnOTe II cser 3JJa, rave II csaxojaxc 1130na'IeHOCTI1 fiecxpajno cy cyrrporcrann.enn jenan npyrox, AO nOTlIYHor ysajaanor nopnuau,a: aJIll'lOBCK IKIIBII YCpCJ\ OBa J\Ba CBeTa, IIarlIH,yhll CBOjOM CJIll- 60AHOM BO.TI,OM 'lac na CTpaHY 1\06pa, 'lac na CTpaHY ana, Hscrono CpIIC je y CTalLY J\a ce Y3HOCII 1\0 HajBll111IIX BIICIIHa Hc6eCKIIX, xa caMOM IIPCCTOJIY r)Ora Tsopua II CBCl\p)KllTC.TI,a, II na CC cnyurra 1\0 naKJIeHIIX 1\y61lHa caTaHCKI1X; I\YXOBHa npnpona lJOBCKa MOIKC na ce ycaspiuana 1\0 6o!'oynoI\06.TI,elba (60- rOCJIlflIHOCTII) II na ancnana 1\0 obanon.cnocrn. A onaCHOCT sa 'IOBCKa jc y TOMe UITO OH HC MO)Ke na CTOjlI y jenno] Ta'IKH: IIJIII nne xa caBpmCIICTBY I1JTH nana HaAOJIC y MOpaJIHOM nOrJICIW, npa 'ICMY II Y jCI\HOM II Y I\pyroM CJIY'Jajy OH nOBJIa'IH aa C060M npyre, fuYJ\e xoju I\OJIa3C y J\OAIIP C fblIM.

01\ naBHI1He cy nocrojann sna-rajna JI,Yl\lllI jenner II npyror rana. XPIIIIIhaHCKa npOUIJIOCT HaM jc nOKa3aJIa HajY3BllIl1CHI1je npaxepe I\YXOBHor caBpmCHCTBa CBeTllX fuynH; naraHCTBO HaM je nOKa3aJIO CyIIpOTHC npanepe. Csenejcrsyjyha cuna cnacasajyhe 6JIarOl\aTli 1I3aGlIpa ce611 1I3 CBHX napona 3CMa.TI,CKIIX CBe OHe KojII cy y cran.y na ycsoje crraceu.e y XplICTY - TaKO ce caBpwaBa rajna cnacersa fuynlI; carana JIOBII y CBOjC 3aMKe CBe OHC xoju He nocrajy cnocooua sa npl1Malhe 6JIarOAaTlI nO)J(je: TaKO CC caBplIIaBa 'rajna fieaaxon.a, 0 KOjOj rOBOpl1 CB. AnOCTOJI TIaBJIc. I1 WTO CC BlllIIC np1I6JIlI)KaB3 xpajy 6poj Eoron Orwe~ClIllX nana nocrojan.a onora CBeTa, TIIM APCKlljll II()craje aenpajarcn, bO)KjlI y mnpeu.y caora uapcraa, TIIM CC Y)KaCIIlIje pa30Txpusajy ny6lIHe caramme, 0 KOjllM rnnne CB. AnOCTOJI JOBaH noroCJIOR, TllM smue ce OTKplIRa li TajHa 6C3aKOlha. Y naiue 1\06a 3JIO RIIUlC HC cMaTpa noTpc6III1M na cc cajro JIlII\eMepHO cxpnua IIOJ\ IIMeHOM 1\06pa: OHO 6e3 IIKaxsor I\BoYMJhefba oojasn.yje na ynpaso OHO II jCCTC IICTIIIICKO 1\06po. I1l\o KaKBllX ce 3al1CTa Y)KaCHI1X xpajaocru paspacrajy 3aMllCJIH caranc y 6op61I ca I\06pOM - crpaumo je II nOMIICJIIITII! Cana BIIWC nnje IIcn03HaHl1qa na nocroje rajna npyurrsa, xoja IIMajy sa CnCI\lIjaJIIIlI I\I1Jb ytraurren,e xpmnhanCTBa, pasapan,e I\plKaBC, nOpOI\III\e, yxnnau.e csojane II YIIIIIIITcH,e I\CJIOKyIIIIe KyJITypC, xoja cc xan.anaua rOAIIHa CTBapaJIa 11 caKYlIJhaJIa y 'IOBC'IaHcTBY, II nosoben,e I\CJIor 'IOBe'IaIICTBa y cran.e 11l1BlliaUITBa xaucnor 110- 6a ... OBO naje rajna, a na JIH, MC~YTI1M, MHOI'll nepyjy Y Ty 'IlIlbCIlHI\Y'? He-

34

AaBIIO MI1 je jCAaH 01.1 YBa)KCHI1X apxnenacxona roaopao: "Ma nrra cy MacoHI1? Henrro 'IYAOBI1WHO rOB ope ° I-bI1Ma, aJII1 rue cy OHI1? To JIl1'Il1 na HCKaKBy 6ajKY" ... 11 Y APYWTBY 'IeCTO I1MaMO npllJII1KC na rrpl1MeTI1MO maJhI1B OAHOC npena TOj "cxacxa".

HCAaBHo je ofijaarseaa IICRCJIIlKa KI-bl'DKI1l(a rporpaue C. n. TOJb non HaCJIOBOM "Hohua 6paha. Iloxynraj ncropajcxor acrpaxaaan.a MaconCTBa y Heaaxxoj". 01.1 cp,-\a 611x npenopymo na ORY KI-bll)Klll(Y npouarajy CBll xoja CYMI-bajy y nocrojaa,c MaCOHCTBa xao oprannaauaje aajonacnnje sa cas K)'JIT)'PIlll CBeT. Pana ce 0 HCMa'IKoj, aJIl1 xana -nrraur KI-bll)Kll,-\y, onna II HCXOTWIHO noumseru na crpaxyjeur aa nanty Maj'Il1,-\), Pycajy. AKo cy neh nponyhypmi Heaun aarpaann YAllIW TllX arenara carane, onna TllM rrpe MO)Ke sarpacra ry YAll,-\y nama npocToA),WIIOCT, naura urapoxa pycxa npapona. I1 AOK nOHOBO -nrraur OHO llITO ce ACmaBaJIO y Hesravxoj, nexoruue CC npncehaur II onora llITO ce 36llBaJIO rrOCJIeAI-bI1X ronnna KOA Hac y Pycnja ...

Ayrop noaenyre Klbll)Klll~C l1Mana je sa 1~I1Jb na 'IllI-beHI1l\aMa AOKa)Ke II na Hajy6eAJbllBlljl1lIa'IllH noxaayje: 1) na cy MaCOHl1, l1JIll, KaKO ce nasnnajy y KI-bl1)Kll,-\ll, "Hohna 6paha" - orop-rena nenpnjaren.a CBaKe xpaurhancxe scpe, a napo-nrro bO)KaHCKe JIWIHOCTll aanrer Cnacnren.a; 2) na cy OHl1 HCrrplljaTeJbII CBaKC MOHapXlIjcKc BJIaAaBIIHe II yonurrc Ap)KaBHOCTII; 3) na cy OHl1 nenpnjaren,a noponaxuor MOpaJIa l1 - 4) vnopna nporomrren.n npaBaTHe csojane, 113Y3eB, pa3YMC ce, csoje concrseue I1MOBllHe. PaAI1 AOCTI13aI-ba rope naseneaax ,-\l1JbCBa OHI1 nejcrsyjy na rpn Ha'Il1Ha: JIYKaBcTBoM, naCI1JbCM 11113AajcTBoM. OHllMa KOjl1 cy CKJIOHll na cvarpajy MaCOHCTBO 6ajKoM MO)Ke yt[llHI1Tl1 I1e3aMeI-bI1BY ycnyry TaK03BaHa "KCJIHCKa noscn.a" , oojaan.ena jour 1818. rOAI1He. Hl11IITa He 6ll 3a)KaJIl1JII1 MaCOHI1 KaA 611 6l1JIO Moryhc YHl1llITI1TI1I1JIll, 6apeM, AI1CKpeAl1TOBaTI1 'raj AOKYMel!T; cpehov rro t[OBe'IaHCTBO TO naje Moryhe Y'IllHI1TI1. Ta nonersa nponaheua je y apxnny rJIaBHe MaconCKe JIO)Ke y Xary ca OAJIYKaMa Cxynurrane CTapl1X CJI060AHl1X 3llAapa, KOjl1 je oAP)Kan Y Kenny 24. jyna 1535. ronane. KOJIl1KO je raj AOKYMeHT BaIKaH aa cane MaCOHe Bl1All ce neh 11 no TOMe UITO cy OHI1 1835. rOAI1He l1CKClBa.1H napO'Il1TY MCAaJhY y CIIOMeH 300-rOAl1llIlbl1,-\C 're nOBCJbC. 113 're nosc.t,c ot[l1rJIeAHO je na MacoHepllja npCACTaBJba TajHY Ap)KaBY y Ap)KaBI1, na je lId IbCHOM '[eJIY "MaJlO KOMe n03HaT, neBI1AI1Bll PYKOBOAIIJIa,-\ llJlll narpa- 1.:1;'\ .:la \"3 Tor narpnjapxa nocroja "caner MajCTopa aajnnnrax CTenCHa", ]; ce ooroc.tvxea.e MaCOHa nOTrrYIIO pasnaxyje OA upxsenor 6orocJlY)Kefb.l. ].:1 ie II casro MaCOHCTBO CaCBI1M Tyl)e II nenpnjaren.cxo xpmnhancrny, a J]",,-:,,:;I"'J rppa3a TC nosen.e: "no pa-rynau.y BpCMCHa (epa), TaK03BaHOM XPH::lflJE(K\I\! o.nune oruopenmr nnnonaurraaan.eu Xpncra, CKOPO MP)KI-bOM :l;'c \!.1 tbt\I\. A.111 OHO !lITO je HapO'Il1TO sanarsyjyhe, U1TO 611 na ce6c rpe-

6aJIo HapO'IllTO Aa npasy-re naxcn.y sepyjyhax nyrepanaua - TO cy rpn O:l 19 rrOTIIHCa JII1,-\a, llCTOPl1jCKI1 cacsuu n03lIaTIlX. EBo TI1X JII1,-\a: Xapnaayc. apXl1enlICKOIl KCJIHCKH, KOjlI jc YJIO)KHO CBe csoje nanope na 6H CBOjy naCTBY npeseo 113 pHMOKaTOJIHI~H3Ma y nyrepancrso, anunpan He Konan,n, xoja je 6110 crapeunura xyrenora y <ppam(ycKoj, 11 najsan, 3HaMeHHTII <PHJIlln MeJIaHXTOII, CBI1Ma n03HaTlI npajarcn, Jlyrepa, I-bCrOB capaAIIHK H fheMY Haj- 6JII1CKHjlI 'I(JBeK. D:aKJIe, rpojuua lIajlI03IIaTHjHx IleJIaTHHKa Peqiopuaunje jecy nopnnarex,a Xpl1CTa, nertpajaren.a xpmnhancrua. nenpujaren.a He caMO pllMOKaTOJIHlI1I3Ma, nero 11 castor JIYTcpaHCTBa ca CBllM IhcrOBHM nefipojeHI1M orpaHILIlMa ... OTYAa nnjc TeIlIKO H3BeCTll 3aKJhY'laK Aa je 11 cava Perpopxranaja 6HJIa AeJIO PYKy xracona. H IIPHTO~I, aKO jour HHjC ILoKa3aHO na je JI)'Tep 6110 MaCOII, cana je neocnopua 'lHILeHHl~a na je iseros 6JIHCKH npajaTCJb, KOjlI je na n.era HMao neorpana-renn yrnuaj, 6110 JCAaH OA MaCOIICKIIX Bol)a ... Ca npanoxi npm-lchyje rporpaua TOJb: "TIOCJIC rora HCKaKO qYAHO 3BY'IlI Ha3HB "EBaHreJIllcTlI'IKa IIpKBa", xoja TaKO BOJIC Aa npacsajajy CJIeA- 6enlIILl1 sarcnoepmxor Monaxa, KOjll jc H3 ncxor IICn03HaTor paanora IIpHCBOjHO HCKJhY'II1BII MOHOrrOJI na Cn. EBanI)CJhc". TIoCJIe osora npHMchyjcM H ja y cnoje HMC: nocraje jacno 3allITO cc MaCOHII TaKO PCBHOCHO TpYAe na 3aBeAY H naur PYCKll HapOA 1I3 IIpaBOCJIaBJI,a Y HCTO TO JIYTepaHCTBO: jcp OHO, TO JIYTepaIICTBO, H jecre lbllXOBO -reno. crnopeuo pann pa iapan,a xpmnhaacrsa 1'3 IIOMOh OHIIX naona-raaan,a XpH1llhaHCTBa. KOjC je AOIlYCTIIO pHMOKaTOJIlll\113aM. llan,e ayrop 11 noxasyje KaKO je MaCOHCTBO HIllJIO par-Ie ys pave ca JIYTcpaHCTBOM, KaKO CC npenOpOAHJIO Y HeMa'IKOM I1JIYI.U!HaTCTBY, II 1I3 rajanx 1I0Ky~lclraTa MaconCTBa HaBOAII pe-m nocsehemnra, y xojnxta CC pasOTKpl1Ba MaCOHCKa reopnja nacranxa CBCUITeIlIIKa H uapesa, naTpHOTH3Ma, Jb y6aBl1 npena OTaIJ611I1H ... I1IfCTPYK'-\Hjc TIIM "caeurrenmuora" y BeJIIIKoj MCpl1 noncehajy na HeAaBHO oojasn.eae "npOTOKOJIe CII0HCKlIX MYApa,-\a". 3aHlIMJbHBO je na caM OCHIlBa'I HJIYMllHaTCTBa Bajcxayrrr y 1I11CMY CBOMe capa)lHHKy llcMejaBa 6aw caoje cnenoennxe. "0 JbYIIII! - y3BHKyjC OH.- BllAll MOJIHM TC, KaKO BaM ce Mory YJIHBaTll TaKBC MHCJIH! HIIKalW HllcaM MHCJIllO Ila hy IlocraTll OCHHBa'I HOBe pcnarnjc ... "

Hirrcpecamua je OHa CTpaIIIHa 3aKJICTBa xojy rrOJIa)KY MaCOHH pana 'IYBaI-ba rajne csora Y'Iefba: neh ce JI3 TC 3aKJIeTBC MO)Ke 3aK;hY'IHTI1 KaKBa je TO Y)KaClIa rajna. "AKO HC OAPIKH~I, mroaapa MaCOH, - OBY TajHY, nexa MIl ouna YClIjalIHM )KeJIC30M CI!aJIe H npernopc y nerreo YCHe, nexa Mll onceKY pyxy. HCKa MB aurrynajy jC3l1K H3 YCTa, HCKa MH npepexy rpxn.an, nexa MOj nem 6Yl\e 06CIlIcn nacpen JIO)Ke npllJIHKOM nocseheu,a HOBor 6paTa, xao npenner npOKJICTCTBa H yxcaca, IfCKa ra 3aTllM CI1aJIe H nexa nerap paccjc neneo, ua na 3CMJhH IIC ocrane HH rpara HH maca H3AajIII1KY ... "

36

HCKa CC 3aMMCJIC Hall OBOM y)[(aCnOM 3aKJICTBOM OHH KOjH cxrarpajy MaCOHC HCKaKBHM IICJ\Y)[(HHM 3aHCCClhaIlHMa. AyTOp y3 TO npavehyje: "11 TO HHCY npa3HC npcrn-e; one cc cana, pa3YMC CC, HC ocrsapyjy. aJIH MaCOH. xoja wmCRcpH pCJ\, nehe npohn nofipo HM y naure nane ... "

AJIH KaKBO je nax TO YJ\PY)[(ClbC -- MaCOHCTI30? KaKaB je [bCrOB IIHJI,?

KOMC je OHO norpefino?

AYTOP onrosapa: "I10CTOjC I\BC npCTnOCTaBKC: HJIH jc MaCOHCTBO J\CJIO pyKy EIIrJICCKC, xoja )[(CJIH na /\OBCJ\C 1\0 anapxnje CBC napone na 6H ()CBOjHJIa BJIaCT na CBCTOM, HJIH je OlIO CTBOPCIIO OJ\ Jyneja panu nOCTI13alba Tor HCTor I\HJI,a. 3Ha'Jajny ynory EnrJIeCKC Y yBOljCIbY H umpen.y MaCOHCTBa

XHI1H03A CBEOI1llTEr OBPA30BAlbA

JIaKO ]C J\o.Ka3aTH HCTOPHjcKI1. jcp cv OCHHBa'IH CBHX JIo)[(a no CBCMY CBCTV csarna 6HJIH EnrJIC3H. Ho yhH y rpa:: jyncjcxov yrnnajy HCTo.PHjCK;1 sacan HHjC Moryhc. OH CC IIC MO)[(C HHr/\C 'IHlbcIIHI\3Ma /\OKa3aTH, OH CC MO)[(C noKa3aTH cavo JIorH'IKH. Beh BHIlIC 011 /IBC XHJhaJ\c rO/\HIIa paccjann IIO JIHIIY 3CMlliC, 'ICCTO rOlbCIIH, ynopnn H OCBCTo.JI,y6HBH, nynu MP)[(lhC npeva XPHIlIhaHCKHM HapO/\HMa • .TYI\cjH cy HaBHKJIH ua J\CJIyjy rajno, MaKap H H3 naroua canoonpxan,a, csarna MalllTaJIH J\a rocnonape HaJ\ CBCTOM, a TO OHH Mory na nOCTHrHY cauo OH/\a KaJ\a CC PYI11C CBH TCMClliH xpmubancxe I\HBHJIH3aIIHje, aJIH aa TO je nOTpe6HO 06jaBHTH 6eCIIOIlITC/\IIH paT xpHIJIhaHCTBY, MOnapxnjcxon IIOPCTKY, nopO/\WIHOM MOpaJIY H npaBY cnojnnc, TO jeer OCTBapHTH OHO na 'JCMY pane MacotIH".

AKO CC CCTHMO na jc 60rOOJ\CTynHWJKH HapOI\ jCBpCjCKH 3aCJICIlJhCH IICnOMHplliHBOM MP)KlbOM npeua caMOM HMCHY I'ocnona namer Hcyca XpHCTa, na je OIl caM na cc6c npasnao crpamno npOKJICTCTBO 3601' XpHCTOy6Hcrsa, na jc 360r Tor yscacnor npecryna aa H3BCCHO BPCMC (PHM. 11, 25, 26) oncrynana 01\ n.era ona 6Jlanl/\aT bO)[(ja, xoja npoxacaono 'lyBa CBC naponc 3CMaJhCKC, npanpeaajyhn HX sa npaxnarau,e yuen,a 0 cnacen.y, na hc ynpaBO H3 osor napona npomaha nOCJIC/\IbH nenpnjaren, xpnurhaucrsa - aHTHXPIlCT, OH/\a HCXOTHI\C /\OJIa3HMO /\0 aaxn.yxxa na 6am onaj napon H jcCTC opyhc caraae y n.crosou OCTBapCIbY rajne 6C3aKOIba na CBC Ha'IHHC, a Mcljy IhlI~!a II Y BH/\Y crpauntor MaCOHCTBa ... Y 6C3YMHOM ncrtpuja'ren.crny npCMa Eorv II (cann) JI,YJ\H Mory na 1I0ljy /\0 /\eMo.IIH3aJ~Hjc H na H3ry6c snpas pa?\~l. xojn 611 rperiano na J\OlllaIIlIC H MaCOIIHMa na he Y olIIIITOj nponacrn xv.rrvpe I1CII30C)[(lIo. norHHYTH H OHH, Ma KaKO JIYKaBO IhHXOBH MYJ\pa~ll -

\.!"'.I~I')rll OIlfIJIlliaJIH cnnCTKC, ynpaerseuc npornn xpnurhaucrna H XPHUlnJ.ih:l-.:.: H.nypc ...

1

Kasyjy na HHJ\HjcKH jonnu: nocenyjy TaKBY Mo.li. cyrecrnje J\a Mory na XHnHo.THIIIY O/\jCJ\HOM BCJIHKO MHOIlITBO lliYJ\II. A MCHH CC '!HHH na MOIi. XHnHo.3C, aKO jc CXBaTIlMO Y llIHpCM cMHcny, HJ\C xrnoro J\aJbC, na je MOl'yhe XHnHo.THCaTH HC cavo O/\PCljCHO MIIo.IIITSO, xoje CC MO)[(C O/\.iC/\HOM OOYXBaTHTH no.rJIC/\OM, nero H xnn.anc lli)'/\IL paurrpxauax na CTOTHHC xnn.ana xaanparHHX BPCTa, na HM CC MO)[(C y.iIHTH 11/\cja IIajHcnpllXBaTJI,HBHja aa TPC3BCIIO pacyhaaau,c na 'JaK H sa j/\paB pasyu H nareparn HX na cc npHKJIOIIC TOj HJ\ejH H na jo.j 6ecnorOBopHO CJIY)[(C ... [OBo.PllM () J\YXOBHOj XHI1H03H. Hajo'IHrJIC/\HlIjH npauep TaKBC XHI1II03C, KOjH J\OBOJ\H 1\0 CMeIUHor, J\O 6CCMHCJIC- 1101', jcCTC ~loJ\a: KOJIHKO rOJ\ 6HJIa 6Yl\aJIaCTa, KOJIHKO rOJ\ 6H.iIa pasopna IhCHC 3anOBCCTH CC acnyn.anajv 6C3 norosopa, H. axo caxro nocroje 6HJIO KaKBa cpencrana, cMaTpa ce IIcnpHcTojHHM II CBOjCBPCHo.M 6pYKOM HC nojaBHTH CC na 6aJIy y novonnoj O/\ChH ...

Cana hy na HMcHyjCM H IIpc/\cTaBHM jCAHY TaKBY H/\Cjy, xojy cMaTpaM BCI11Ta'IKH IJaMCTHYTo.M, aJIH ynanpen 311aM I\a he MC 360r rora MIIOl'H Ha3BaTH naaamsaxov, Mpa'ilbaKoM H /\pyrHM, HC MalbC "JIaCKaBHM", llMcHH~aMa H npanesnva. MOJIHM aa jCJ\HO: HC ncxpuan.yjrc MOjy MHcao, YXBaTHTc cauo jesrpo IbCHO H /\y6lliC ce 3aMHCJIHTC nan fuOM. HaKJIc. xvjre: TBPJ\HM na HJ\eja CBCOI1lIlTCr IlIKOJIOBalba y OHOM 06mIKY KaKO .ic cxsarajy nama H/\COJI03H HapOJ\HC npOCBCTC, jCCTC cyrecraja, XHnH03a. MaIlITa. 3/\paBHM pa3YMOM HCnpaxnarrsnaa npa caBpCMCHHM YCJIOBHMa naponnor pycxor )[(HBOTa. 3HaM na he MH peha: BlI CTC aenpnjaren, IIapO/\HC npOCBCTC, n060pHHK nesnatsa H To.MC CJIH'IHO. AJIH KO je nax noxasao na je CBconIlITC IlIKOJIOBalbe T060)[(C rrpocaehnnan,e napona? Ta nna nojaa cy ynan.ena jenaa 0.1\ npyrora xao HC- 60 0/\ 3CMlliC. CBaKo Y'ICIbC, HC HCKJI,yqyjyhH -rax HH otipasonan,e y najaa?IHM llIKo.JICKHM YCTaHoBaMa, aa pa3HHM YHHBep3HTcTHMa H axanenajava, ]eCTC 3aHCTa caxo IIOY'IaBaIbC, npenasan,e o.BC HJIH o.HC cyae snan.a, pa3BHjan-e caxio JCJ\HC CTpaHC 'IOBc'lHjcr nyxa - H,crOBC YMHC /\CJIaTHOCTH, H TO OHC xoja HH H3 /\aJICKa HCMa caarna MOpaJTllY BPCI\HOCT. AJIH TO jOI11 nuje rtpocsera. CCTHTC ce KaKO je IIaIII BCJIHKH I'oron, onpehasao nojan npocBcTC. OPOCBCTHTH, ronopn OH, 3Ha'iH npOCBCTJIHTH, CKp03 npO)[(CTH CHo. J\YXOBHO 6Hli.C 'IOBCKa '1HCTOM CBeTJIOIlIhy XPHcToBor yuersa. O'IHCTHTH ra 0J\ CBaKC J\YXOBIIC HC'IllCTH: JIa)[(lI, cyjesepja, MOpaJIIIC HC'IHCTOTC ... Illro ce Hac TWIC 6HJIO 6H HccaBCCHO na HC IIpH31IaMO na TaKEO npocsehen,c CKOPO HHjenna IIIKOJIa HC najc, HJIH aKO HCKa H naje, OHJ\a TO y BpJIo. MaJIoj MCpH. CaCBHM onpasnaao 6H npo.CBCTOM rpeoano Ha3HBaTli HC 06Y'JaBafuC, aero nac-

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mrran,e. Tpc6aJIO 611 Y norneny IhllXOBllX RPC/\HOCTll npoMcHHTll MeCTO ORa I\Ba nojua: npno > sacrurran,c, npyro llIKOJIOBafhe. 3a )l(IlBOT nnje TOJIllKO IlOTpc6IlO Y'IClhC, KOJIllKO nacmrran,e, a Y CBaKOM cnynajy - BaCIHlTalhC Y xpmIlhaHcKoM nyxy jecre caxio no CC6ll nofipo, a YlJClhC cavo no CC6ll nnje lIll l\o6po JIll 3JIO: TO je casro CPCI\CTBO 'lIUhClba 1\06pa l1J111 3JIa, a Cic:.! BaCIIIITaiba najucmhe je 3JIO ...

Pa3YMC CC, CBC jc TO OnaBIIO n03l1aTO, CBC cy TO neocnopne ncraue, ann, nna«, najre HaM IIlKOJIOBalhC, na joui n CBCOlIlllTC, a Hll pe-ia 0 sacrurran.y! ..

Pcha he Mil: y-ren,e cano 110 cc6l1 nOl\pa3YMCBa 11 BaClIl1TaIbC.

He 6YJ~l1MO JIllI\CMCPII, nornenajno llCKPCHO na caM )1(11130'1', na cauo mrrau,e IIlKOJIOBalha, KaKBO je OHO ... lJl1Hll Ml1 CC na HC upena Y3aJIyn TpOIlIIITl1 BPCMC na 6l1I\OKa311BaJIlll\a CKOPO najcnna nama WKOJJa, Hll sanra, Hl1 cpemsa, 1Il1 Hl1)1(a IIC BOnII paryna 0 sacmrran.y: CBa n.nxona 6pllra jc ycpencpehcna na Y'ICIbC. Mosota cano nama janna upxnenonapoxajcxa lIIKOJIa jOIJI 'IllHl1 nOHClllTO aa aacmrran.e nCI\C napona, ann HlIjC Jlll TO pa3JIOr lllTO je 11 rOIlC, aecpchny, nnje JIl1 TO pa3JIOr lIITO xohe na je YHIIWTC oncanon? Hucav ja npOTllBHlIK IIllCMCHOCTll, ann lIC CMaTpaM jc TaKO BCJIHKIlM 6JIarOM na 611 cc na IbY 6al\aJIl1 TOJIllKl1 MllJIlIOHll, xoja ce 1I3BJIa'lC 01\ aapona acnonycrnBllM nOI\CTl1l\albCM najaucrna: onpocrrrre Mll, npyra-nrjc HC YMCM na Ha30- HCM CllCTCM MOHOIIOJIa Y nponaja BOTKC. 0, pa3YMc CC, Kal\ HC Cil1CMO llMaJIl1 necer-jenanaccr Mllnlljapl\l1 l\yroBa, xan HC 6IICMO MOpaJIl1 na CBaKC ronnne acnnahyjcno I10 TllM I\Y)l(HlI'lKllM 06aBc3aMa nOJIa MIIJIlljapl\C cauo na IIMC KaMaTC, rana 611 nama npsa I\Y)l(HOCT 6llJIa na ce n06pl1HCMO sa uaponny lllKOJIY, - ronopau 0 urxona, ann jour HC 0 CBC-OIIllITCM IlIKOJIOBaIbY, jcp sa cae-ornnre lllKOJIOBalbC 1I0Tpc6110 je "PC csera nocraparn 0 TOMC xora noCTaBl1Tll sa TO I\CJIO - 0 sacrmra-nura napona -- YtIllTCJbl1Ma, a UITO jc join Ba)l(Hlljc -- 0 nacrnpaaa, 0 OI\IlMa nYXOBIIIlM, xao sacmrrauaaa napona Y nyxy XPllCTOBor Y'IClba. Ana noxyurajre TO na xaxcerc HarJIaC HeKllM HallillM cacrann.a-rava 3aKOHa - na nac 611 CC cpY'IlIJIC CBC MYIbC l1 rpOMOBl1 re T060- )l(C IIPOCBChcHC rocnone! .. KaKO TO HC cxarpara XllnH030M, CBOjCBPCHlIM JIYI\IlJIOM cyrepncane l1ncjc! Ana jc ona cyrepucana sa MCHC HCMa cyxm,e. A Ihy cy ycannn« nenpnjaren,a pona 'IOBctIl1jcr - MaCOHli. A TO CBCOlilliTC llIKO.rosau.e nOTpc6HO jc y OHOM sany Y KaKBOM he 0110 HCCYMlbllBO 61ITl1 YBOI)C- 110 --1I0Tpc6HO jc IIC HapOI\Y, nero fiaur TllM He3BaHl1M 6Pl1)1(lIl1I\l1Ma 0 naponHO~!1.l06py. Jep IICMa HllKaKBC CYMIbC y TO na he cc crnap IIlKOJIOBalba, aKO OHa nanne Y PYKC Tl1X rrpOCBCTl1TCJba, BOl\llTll TaKO I\a he l13 nyme naponne OIlTII IICKopelbCHO CBe UITO jc raxo nparo PYCKOM tIOBCKY, aa urra je OH YMllpao. sa urra je crpanao l1 UITO jc ()'IYBao aa xan.any I'Onl1Ha CBOI'a HCTOPlljcxor nocrojau,a Iloxymajrc na aa rpaxnrc na Y HapOnHC IITKOJIC YBCI\Y CTa-

pc, TOJIIIKO OMIIJbeHe Y HamCM napony KIbl1rC Hacocnoa l1 ITcaJITl1p: l1 can Ha3IIB OBllX caeurrennx Kn,lIra MO)l(e na HX l13BCnC 113 crau,a nYXOBHe paBHOTC)I(e: Ta sap jc TO Moryhc? KaKBO Mpa'In,aurTBo, Knepl1KaJIII3aM, naaamsaIUTBO l1 OCTaJIe 6C3YMHC pe-n: ... Ho aKO YMeCTO JCBaHI)CJba 11 Ilcanrnpa Yl.IC nCI\Y no Toncrojy - CTO TO he 6l1TH "npOCBCTa"! 3a TO jc H Y'IllTCJba 1\0BOJhHO: xaacy na cc 113 Cl16IIpa l1 npyrux HC TOJIl1KO vnan.ennx MeCTa Y IIOCJIenlbe apeve BpaTl1JIO OKO 22000 TaKBl1X naponnnx npOCBCTl1TCJba: CTO IbllMa l1 TpC- 6a nocao 11 CJIY)I(6y J\aTl1!

Ca CTpaXOM nOMHlUJbaM ua OJ!O BpCMe Kana 6Yl\e OCTBapeHO TaKBO CBCormrre lllKOJIOBaThC. Bch cy 11 cana nonerne Mnal\H 06pa30BaHlI JbYI\Il, nacnymaanm CC KojeKaKBl1X "oCJl0601\IIna'lKIlX" 6eCMllCJIlll\a, aa-nrrannm ce jCBpCjCKllX HOBllHa l1 fipotuypa, ll3ry6llnl1 l1 nora l1 cancer, II CTl1n, H 6llJIO KaKaB crpax, 11 repopmny CCJIO: UITa he 6l1TlI Kana ce caa M.lanl1 napaurraj aapasa Tl1M OTpOBOM? Illra he ce nCCllTli ca HapOJ~OM Kana Ham crapn napaurraj cas novpe? Illra he 6l1Tl1 ca HalITOM PYClljOM, Kana napaurraj, 3aTpOBaH nesepjea, pyran.eu caeran.a, 60roXYJhen,CM 11 cnaxojaxnu nOMOnHllM MaCOHCKl1M nynopajaaa, KOjl1 CC usponno y Hnl10Te on anxoxonasanaje, HOB, 60JICCTaH 11 nYXOM H TcnOM, 6yne JloMahlIH y poheuoj 3eMJbll! .. Jep rpeoa nairrarn, aKO CMO xpmnhana, na ce hOI' He na 06MalbllBaTll! Ban.a ce cernra na -rax 11 HaYKa, - snure HC ronopmi 0 MOpaJIHm.! 3aKoHY. 0 npasocyhy EoxcjeM - '[aK H nenpacrpacna HaYKa CBCI\O'lIl JIa y caxnrxr 3aKOHHMa npnpone nocrojn 3aKOH 01\Ma3J\e sa napyuraaan,e 3aKOHa ~1OpaclHor...

Oraapasro HOBe YHllBep311TeTc y npexre xana je Ham a pYCKa HaYKa, MO)l(C CC pehu, nOWJIa no 6aHKpOTCTBa, xana cv 1b0Me aaananana Jyneja, kana ronnnaua 61IBajy IIpa3HC I\CCeTllHC xarenpn y jynejcrnyjyhaa ynasepaareTlli-fa, Kana cy CC )l(PCI\Il HaYKC sehauoa npersopnnn Y cnyre HecaBCCHC, npoTlIBHapOnHe nOJIllTllKC 11 aaraxpmuhaucxnx na)l(Hl1X ysen,a, II eBO ynpaso Y TaKBO BpCMe Mll CMO cnpesora na 6al\HMO neCCTl1HC MllnllOHa ira HOBC ynnBCP3llTCTC, CTOTllHC MllJIllOHa na cseorrurre unconosan,e, HC )l(enehl1 tlaK J!ll na 6YI\eMO CBCCHII osora: na nn heMO Hahlll\OBOJbHO JbynlI HaYKC na 6II panana na TlIM YHllBCP3llTCTlIMa, TllM HOBlIM napomma IIIKOnaMa? .. Illra jc CBC TO, aKO HC Xl1nH03a, HeKaKBa nYJlOCT na OCHOBY naonaxeae HI\CjC npOCBCTe?

Tpc6a najnpe OTPC3BllTll (11 OTPC3HllTlI) HapOI\, a 3aTllM npocsehanaTH. ITpBO ra II36aBllTlI 01\ anxoxonaaanaje, 01\ aspohaaan.a, 0/\ CBCOlIlilTC nporracrn ... A "npocachen,e" xoje My npanpevajy, C 063llpOM aa "onurre 06pa30BaThC" ca Y'IllTCJbllMa HOBOI' rana, cavo he yopsara OBY nponacr. AKO llMaTe CyBl1IIlHllX CTO MllJIl10Ha - onna CMalhllTe aa TY cyay onnjan,e napona. AKO HeMa naxaxse MoryhHOCTl1 na ce npobe 6C3 npaxona 01\ nnha OI\Max, rpefia l1CKOPCHllTl1 cBaKY npoaasonn.y 11 nponajy aJIKOXOJIa Y CBl1M IberoBllM

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06JIll.I\I1Ma, cMaTpajyi1ll. ra OTPOBOM I1CTO KaO OImjYM, xaunnu 11 CJIWIHI1M, CTPO)l{l1jC rouchu IbcrOBY nponajy ll. napany, - OHAa IIOCTCneHO CBOAI1Te na HyJIy IlPI1XOI~C OA OBOI' ()TpOBa. OBe npnxone Ap)l{aBa CTWIe y 'mCTOM Bl1ny, ca IlOKPll.hCM pacxona OA MOHOnOJIa, MO)l{Aa, nOJIa MI1Jmjap~lc rOAll.UHbC. CMarpa CC na je Moryhc Kp03 ACCCT rOAI1Ha ):IOnaTnO (11 HcnOTpc6HO) rpounrrn aa "onUITC 06pa30BaIbe" no CTO MI1JIll.OHa rO):lI1UIH,C. KaA 6ll.CMO I1MaJII1 xpa- 6pocnI ua na BPCMC O):lYCTaIIeMO HC cavo on "ornnrer 06pa30BaH,a", nero jour 11 on MHOrl1X npoxresa 11 npennera pacxoura, OA Ap)!(aBImX nosopaurra, nanpnnep, npenycranmu 6pl1ry na sa CBC TO CpC):ICTBa 113HaJIa3e OHI1 KOjl1 xohe na Y)l{llBajy y TOj pacxoum; aKO, YMCCTO npuxona 0):1 naha OIlTCpeTllMO rpomapnaoa, nanpavep, CBY xaprajy, Ma KaKBa OHa 6ll.JIa, II MHoro UITa APY- 1'0, aKO xax, uajsan yncnes«: nOHOBO nopes na IIpll.XOA ana IIPym HCKll nopes ua CBO, 6C3 ll.3Y3CTKa, CTaHOBHlllllTBa llMnepll.jc, onna MO)!(Aa, KO he ra 3Haru, II Mll. 1I06CAll.MO nenpnjaren.a xojn jc 110 cana asrnenao HeIl06c):II1B - naPOIIHO nnjaucrso] A 3aTll.M jour HCKOJIll.KO ronana nanopa Aa 6ll.CMO IlOKPllJIll. npxasae nyrose, ll. Mll. 6llCMO IlOCTaJIll. najcpehnnja napon MCljy HapOAI1- Ma 3CMaJbCKI1M, 6e3 I1KaKBor npaxona OA naha. )l,a Ka)!(CMO acrnny, cas 'II1- ern (nourro OBY PC'I nuje Ilpll.KJIaAHO KOPll.CTI1Tll., 60JI,C 6ll 6ll.JIO pchll.- can HC'mCTll.) IlPll.XOA OA nnha MopaMO na spahaxo nOBCpI10~ll.Ma xao KaMaTY, a KaA HeMa nyroBa- HeMa Hll osor pacxona. ETO rana 611 ce ll. MOrJIO rosopara II 0 CBeOIIIIITCM lllKOJIOBaH,y, a ya 06aBc3aH YCJIOB: IlOA Hall30POM 11 pyxoBOnCTBOM UPKBC, xao ll. 0 YUll.BCp3llTeTHMa; CBaKaKO, ll. 0 CaCTaBY nporpecopa - -iacaax CJIY)!(HTeJba HaYKc, H 0 Muoro qeMY npyrov, 0 qeMY ce cana Hll. CaH,aTH ne MO)!(e ...

Ho peha hy HeIIITO yreumaje: KaA 6H cc Morao ll.3BpIIIHTll ornen: arrcoJIYTHO OTPC3HllTll (H orpeasara) MaKap jeAHY ryriepunjy, nornyao jc orpaAllBllIll. on BOTKe, y H,oj 6ll. ce onna - YBCPCH caM - sa nCT ronnna caao no cefin, 6e3 y-reuiha AP)!(aBC, nojanano II CBCOIlIlITC llIKOJIOBaH,C ... II OBO 'IYAO 36llJIO 6ll. CC IlpHpOAHO: OHO !lITO cana nponuja OBa ryoepnnja, sanpxano 6ll ce Y H,CHOj exonounjn, panna cIIoco6HOCT napona YABOCTpY'Ill.JIa 6ll. cc, yrpocrpy'mna, jasnna 6H ce IIOTpe6a, a HaIIIJIa 6H ce II cpencrsa KOA caxor CTaHOBHHllITBa, 6e3 HOWIaHe IlOMOhH Ap)!(aBC, sa ornapan.e IJIKOJIa, paasajaa,e sauara H aa IlPOll3BoIIHMa nouahe paIIHHOCTll ... 3ap je OBO HeMoryhe? A xaK(1 y AMepI1I~H HMa AP)!(aBa rue yonurre HeMa aJIKOXOJIa? lIJIH je OHO UITO je KOIl IlPYfI1x napona Moryhe, KOII Hac IIC3aMll.CJIHBO? ITa IlOKa)!(I1TC, najsan xpaopocr na npeysuere HaA30p ll. PYKOBOljCH,C, noscpyjre y HapOAHY casecr, np1l30BIITe CBeTY UpKBy y nosroh! .. Jep paAll cc 0 cnacen.y napona, BeJIHKOr napona. Be.lJlIKC np)!(aBC, snajre na jc IlPCA HaMa neoncrynno rnrran.e: na JIll he nOCTojaTH HJIH HcC'raTII y HCTOPHjH nama CBCTa Pycnja?

"CBeMY IIMa speve non Hc60M", - rOBopH BCJIll.Kll ~apCTBCHll MYIwa~.

Iloha he apene II OIlllITCM oopasoaan.y. AJIll na peny je npc csera IlHTaH,e cnaceisa napona OA napohaaau.a, OA aJIKOXOJIH3al]llje. II Kall ce YKa)!(C npn,111Ka Aa ce CTO MllJIllOHa 6al]H IIa onurre 06pa30BaH,C, OHAa 6al]llTe TC MllJIllOHC sa 60p6y nporns aJIKOXOJIa. Kaxo TO ytmHI1Tll nocefino je mrran,e. Mo)!(Aa nocrenenaxr repnropajannau HCTHCKHBaH,CM aJIKOXOJIa, nanpauep: ll3 TC II TC ryoepaajc 1I06Hja ce 20 MHJIHOHa, AOHCCllTC 0AJIYKY ua y TOKY ABe IWIll.HC 6yny aarsopena CBa I~O jenner MCCTa nponaje aJIKOXOJla y TOj 06JIaCTH, a npOTHB rajne nponaje YBeAIITc IIpaKOHcKe saxone, Aa cc OAY'IC OA TOqeH,a H nponaje aJIKOXOJIHllX nnha. Kp03 10-20 ronnna Pycaja he ce H36aBHTll. OA BOTKe ... A MO)!(Aa yMHH JbYAll 1I3MllCJIe npyra CHCTCM 60p6e IlpOTIIB aJIKOXOJIa. OBaKO llJIll OHaKO, aJIH aKO He )!(eJIll.MO na HeCTaHeMO ca crpannna ncropaje 6e3 rpara IIJIIl ua ce npersopuao y rernehy MapBy aa Jyneje, onna npe csera rpeoa 06jaBHTII 6ecIloIllTcAHY 60p6y npornn aJIKOXOJIa. CBConurre IIlKOJIOBalbe Hac nehe CnaOITII on CBCOIIllITe nponacra,

TIll.IlIeM OBe pC):IOBe ll. MHCJlllM: a na JIll he ax MOjll 'IHTaO~ll npo-rararn AO xpaja? Hehe JIH pehn: "Bam cc apxnjepej aaneo MamraH,CM? Jc JIll. Moryhe TO llITO OH nnannpa?"

Ila, pasyae ce na je He3aMIICJIHBO, KaA Meljy HaMa HeMa aa AeJIY BIITe- 30Ba (BeJIIIKaHa) MHCJIll. ll. ):IeJIa, KaA CMO TaKO MJIHTaBII na He )!(CJIIIMO na TIOKa)!(eMO Hll HajMaH,y HHHl]lljaTll.BY, KaA Hac BOAe na Y3Hl]H (H Mll lIrpaMO KaKO OHII csapajy) pa3HH JI1I6cpaJIll - cnyre MaCOHCTBa. II AO 60JIa je ropxo 6llTll CBeCTaH Aa nexaxsa A311jaTII-JarraHIW, He3Ha601llqH IlO sepa, HC IIJICMCHll.Tll. 6eJI~Il, Hero )!(YTOKO)!(H MOHrOJIll, BIIIlle OA Hac BOJIe csoje oraxaCTBO, TIOKa3yjy sehy IIHIl~lljaTIIBy OA Hac y AP)!(aBHOM )!(ll.BOTy ... A Mll, IIOTOMI~H senaxax caoaparen.a PYClljC, MlI, HOCIIO~ll. aajrion.ax 3aBCTa xpmnhanCKe KyJITypC y IlpaBOCJIaBJbY, MH, xoja CMO jOIII TaKO He):laBHO yMeJIll.):Ia oojeAll.HIIMO y jeAHY l]eJIIIHY IIleCTll.HY 3eMJbllHe KyrJIC Mll., xojn IIMaMO KO):l ce6e najuneannajy BJIaCT y JIWIHOCTII Eoxjcr nonaaaaaxa - Cavonpnnta, MH CC, aaaj, 60jllMO na aanperaeuo csoj M03aK Aa 6ll.CMO CIlaCJIll ce6e, CBOjy pOAHy Pycnjy, CTIIAIIMO cc na aapexnevo 611JIO IIlTa IIlTO hc ll.3rJleAaTll. HeJIll.6epaJIHO "Esporm", a 60Jbc, ra-mnje pe-ieno - MaCOHIIMa, POIICKII nOHaBJbaMO OHO !liTO HaM AOllIaIlHY OBII ¢apllccjH-JIlll]eMepll! .. Jep OHll. HMajy TaKO 60raTY 3aJIllXY JIeIlIIX, naxo Y CylllTllHll uajacnpasnnjax pe-ra: "CJIo60na caBeCTH, CJIO- 60Aa llITaMIIC, cJIo60Aa oxynn.arsa, ynpyacaaan.a ... OIlllITC llIKOJIOBaH,e (oopa- 30BaH,C), BIICOKa HaYKa" II TaKO nan.e 6e3 xpaja! A CBC OBe pe-rn mrajy sexaKBY oxapanajyhy, xannoramyhy Moh, H Mll HIICMO Y cTalbY na OAOJIllMO TOj OIl'IlllbeHOCTII. Ma HC CMeMO 'IaK Hll MaJIO na pa3MllIllJbaMO PYCKll.M CJI060AHHM YMOM, PYCKOM, KaKO cy roaopnna naum ACAOBll, O!llTPOYMHOIlIhy ... II

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occhaise, 6PIDKJbHBO H TCMCJbHTO 6pHlUY HMC OO)Kjc H3 yuoenaxa, a KaJ.\a je TO He3rOl'lJIO, onna HaMcpHO cacrann.ajy YU6CJIHKC y xojaua HCMa HH pe-m 0 Eory, 0 U;PKBH, 0 JbYQaBH npeaa OTa'IaCTBY ... Y necpehxoj <DpaHIwcKoj CBe .ie OBO 1'0'1'0130 1I0CTHI'HyrO, a KOJ.\ Hac jc na pcny ... 11 TaMO je rrO'ICJIO 3aKOHOM 0 OIIlIlTCM 6CCrrJIaTHOM WKOJIOBalhY 11 HCTCpl1BalhCM CBCWTeHCTBa 113 WKOJIa, xao UITO MawTajy na Y'IHHC H K01\ Hac. 11 TaMO cy 0J.\Y3CJIH on npxse CBC WKOJIC, xao WTO xohe na 0l\Y3MY 11 KOA Hac. Tano je AOIlIJIO 1\0 rora lIa cy V'II1TeJI,11 CBHX I1IKOJIa 'IJIaIIOBI1 !\!aCOHCKI1X JIO)Ka, na cy Pacnehe 11 npyrc CBe~lTCHC CJII1KC 11 HKOIiC H36a'ICHC 113 I1IKlma, MOJII1TBa jc y urxonaua 3a6pan.eua, HajCTpO)KC jc sariparseuo Y'II1TCJbH~la 11 Y'II1TCJI,I1I~aMa na I1I1Y H na BOAC Y l\pKBY nel\Y H 'IaK noxymanajy na pomrren-e Ka)KlhaBajy HOB'IaHOM xa- 3HOM aKO BOIlC ACIW Y xpaM OO)KjH ... Cneuajanncra 6(360)KHOCTI1 caCTaBH.'111 cy 11 KaTI1XI13I1C, KOjH ce 3aBpwaBa OBaKBI1M I1CIIOBCAalbcM sepe:

"BCpyjCM y 3CMJbY, CTBOPHTCJbKY CBaKC MaTcpHjc; acpyjev y Pa3YM, KOjH jc TBOpaI\ csaxojaxc rrpaBCIIIIOCTI1; BCpyjCM y Connnapaocr, 113BOP CBaKC MohH. Hoseuaacrao nocenyje OBC TpH crsapn, 'lOBC'IaHCTBO 3aTO MO)KC na 1\0CTHrIIC cairo CaBpmCJICTBO. Taxo rperia na 6YIIC, TaKO he H 6HTI1. AMHII" .

Ha 'raj Ha'IHH OCHOBHO naponno oripaaonan,e HaIIIJIO ce Y l\CJIHHII Y BJIaCTI1 MaCOJIa. Heynopenaso JIaKllIC II 6p)KC MaCOHH cy 3aBnaAaJIH Cpel\IbIlM II BHllIIIM IIIKOJIaMa. Kao MohJIO opyxjc sa TO CJI),)KIIJIa je nrraxma, xoja je CKOPO CBa y IbHXOBI1M pyxana.Illranna je rrpl1rrpeMaJIa jasno MlhCH,C. AyTOp 1'0130- pl1: "CBC je 611JIO ca 113BaHpeAIIOM nanexonanomhy npouaurn.cno 11 Y3CTO Y 063I1p. BCJII1KI1 Opujenr (uenrpanua JIO)Ka MaCOHa) noopo je pa3YMCO Aa sennxa IICJIa HC npOJIa3C 6e3 noreurxoha, 11 crora, xana je HCKI1 H,Cn)B rrpojCKT y npCACTaBHI1'IKOM 'rcny J.\()'ICKllBaH ca Y3Blll\llMa srpaxaaan,a 11 npOTCCTa, n.era TO HI1MaJIO nnje 36Ylh11BanO, jep je TO seh 61lJIO pannje npennnheHO. 06l1'IHO, nocne nonnoinen.a TaKBO!" HC'IYBcHor npennora, osaj je 6110 npenasan napnavcnrapnoj KOMI1Cl1jl1, xoja je, rtpeua ancrpyxunjaaa xoje je A061ljaJIa onaxne rpcoa, AOHCKJIC H rrpHBHAHO MOAHqJl1KOBaJIa npennor saKOHa, noaeurro ytinaacanajyhn H H36aIwjyhH H3 n.era. OTPOB je 6110 pa36JIa)KeH, -raura aacnabeaa, arm jc IlaIIHTaK cauysao CBY CIlJIY CBOjc lIlTCTIIOCTH . A Y McljYBpeMeHY HerOI\OBalbC ce MaJIO-nOMaJIO CTlllIIaBaJIO, nporecra cy nocrajann CJIa6I1jH ... I1llITa? IIofipo je 11 TO IlITO ce rrOCTHrJIO! Jcp, ropc ce MOrJIO AoroIlHTI1 ... Hajsan, xana CC 3aKOHCKI1 rrpCAJIOr rrOHOBO nasao na OAJIY'II1BalbC napJIaMCHTY, y n.era cy ce YHOCI1JIC jour jenna AO ABC jCABa rrpll!\ICTIIC, IIC3HaTHC HcnpaBKe H . 3JIHKOBa'IKll 3aKOH je YCBojeH! .. 3aMopcHO II ofiecxpafipcno, janno MHClhC CC ~mpl1. A IIITaMrra He CIIaBa: JIYKaBllM 'lJIaHqHMa crsapa I1JIY3Hjy na je T(60)KC HOBI1M 3aKOHOM rrOCTl1rHYT ycnex". l..J:11- rajyhn OBC peAOBC 611Balii sanpcnanrhen: ITa saacra CC 6YKBaJIHO CBC OBO

'Ell. HJ.WII aenpajaren,n, OAJII1'I1IO OBO snajy II 0AnWIHO KOPllCTC OBY uanry ~.lJ.'\lCT Tpc6a PYCKH, rJIaCHO II jacao (6C3 ysajan.a) pehn na OHll All)KY ra"By Jpc"y. KaKO 6ll TH ll3ry6Ho BOJbY na IIOKa)Kem CBOjy xpaopocr, jep HHCH ,.3am vsepen lIll na he TC TBOjl1, PYCll, nOAP)KaTll. no -rera CMO AOmJIll? no T3"Bor nouazcen,a, AO T3KIlC cpaMOTC! 11 3aHCTa, nocraje cpaxiao aa namy mrrenarenunjv, sa naure snanajyhc xnace' CpaMHO, ann 11 - rpeUIHO! FpcllIHO npen Eorov, rpeumo H npen IIaPOAOM ...

3aBpUIlIO cau CBOj AHeBHIlK 0 onurrev llIKOJIOBaJbY, KaAa cy Mll AaJIH npuvepax 282. 6poja "PYCKC 3acraBc", y KOMC caM npo-urrao 'IJIaHaK r. <D11- rnja "KaKO je MacoHepllja ocsojnna HapOAHY IllKOJIY y <DpaHqYCKoj". Beoxia, BCOMa 6llX npenopy-mo CBI1Ma KOjH CC jour lIHCY sannena Y 3aMKC TC rrpOKJICTC rajne oprannaaunje, KOjH n,y6e naury MajKYPYClljy npasocnaauy, xoja joj )KeJIC noopo, na BIlIllC nyra npoxarajy oaaj 'IJIaHaK. OHII 6H YBHACJII1 na 3aHCTa III11I1Ta naje HOBO non CYHqCM 11 na name janno OTa'IaCTBO BOAC IICTIlM TIlM 6orOOTCTYfIIIIl'IKllM nyrev, KOjHM cy MaCOHIl neh AOBCJIIl necpehny <Dpalll\YCKY AO lfBHI~e nponacrn. Ma cnanauo, a ra neua CaTaHC KOA Hac pane TOnl1KO ycneiuuo na je na nocnenn.eu MaCOHCKOM KOHBCHTY (cxynurrnun) nponinor cerrrexrfipa 611JIO II3BC)1eno IICKOJIllKO "lIo6cAHWIKllX IIO'IaCHI1X rrosnpaaa", TO jeer 6llJIC ll3a3BaHC 6ypc annaysa y 'IaCT "TC BeJIIlKC aexn,e, y KOjOj je, 6C3 063llpa na CBe rcurxohe, Macolleplljll rrOIlIJIO sa PYKOM na rroCTHnIe OBllX rouana 1l3BalIpeAHO anauajnc pC3YJITaTC". Koja je TO 3CMJba 11 KaKBH cy TO pe3YJlTaTH, IIpllMChyjc ayrop, CBaKOMe JIaKO je na JIaCJIYTIl ...

3BaHWIHO MaCOHllMa je YCKpahcHO OA06pClbC na npure nponaranny Y Pycajn. Ana OHII cy ce yByKJIIl KOA Hac non pasnna Ha31lBllMa 1l'lBPCTO sace.1H 11 pasanena CBOjC noryrine Mpe)KC rro CBOj Pycaja, KOA Hac je CTBOPCIIO ~IHOlliTBO cnaxojaxax "nara" (" APYIIITaBa"), a Y 1I0CJICJ.\lbe BPCMC y IlerepGypry ce nojasno "tppamrycxa HIICTHTYT", KOjH je rrOCTaBHO ce6H xao sanaTaK "ache lIIlIPClbC rppannycaax nneja y PYCKOM HapOAY". KaKBe cy TO nneje .. KO -nrra, paayve. KaKO Aa MaCOIIll He CJIaBe norieny HaA llaMa! Tpe6a ce 'IqIlTlI KaKO cy ocnenenn uaum BJIaCTOApmqll, 3allITO anurra HC BIIAC sa- 1IITO IIX HI1IllTa HC Y3HcMIIpaBa, II HIlIllTa HC nonoapeaajy?

Hcropnja <DpaHIlycKe fIOCJICJ.\lber croneha jacno noxasyje '{CMY TC)KC ~!a(OHIl II KOn Hac. Hsnxon rnanna sanarax jc "ofiecxpaurhau.asarse" (" pacxpnurhan.asan.e", "nexpacrnjanaaanaja") csera 'IOBC'IaHCTBa, YHHIllTaBalbC XrHWftaHCTBa, a ca lhllM II CBaKe xyirrype na 3eMJI,ll H npcrsapan.e CBllX JI,y::;1 \ rcr.teby MapBY sa cc6c. Ca TI1M I~IlJI,CM OIIll npcyamiajy Y cnoje PYKC CD"".l\. ncxopen.yjy K01\ J.\CI\C CBaKO pCJIllrIl03Ho, MOpaJIHO H naTpl10TCKO

.ieuiasa II KOi.\ Hac, y HalllHM "rrpeACTaBIIH~IKHM TeJIHMa"! CBe ORO MH, ~IJIa- 1I(1BII Jp)I(aBHOr Casera, BHJlHMO CBujHM utIHMa! Jep eBO fiaur TaKO je npourao t c.rasa Eory - aaje IIOTBp~eH OA I'ocnonapa) npennor 3aKOHa 0 paurnrIbCHIHla (oHHMa KOjM cy JIMllleHM CBClllTCHWfKOl' 'IHHa); TaKO je YCBOjCII IIpeA. lor 3aKOIIa 0 rrpenacxy 113 jenae Bepe Y gpyry; TaKO npOJIa3C cana npcgJI0311 3aKOHa 0 rrpa3IIMI~HMa H 0 OIIlllTeM IlIKOJIOBaH,Y. Ounrnemro MaCOHH paAC H KOJI Hac 6e3 HKaKBor vcrpynanan.a. A H 3allITO na ce YCTe)!(y xana HM CBe CTOjH na pacnonaratsy: H IlITaMIIa H jasno MHClhe H rrpegCTaBHI1I~H BJIaCTK H aaure T060)l(C 3aKoHoAaBHe YCTaHoBe ... Kan HM 3aBHpHMo Y IIYIlIY BMJlHMO na H OHlf MallITajy 0 lfCTOM OHOM 0 'feMY seh rosope lbHXOBa eppaHl.\YCKa "fipaha": "CBe gOK paAHKaJIHO He H3MeHHMO yM HalIlHX cyrpahana, AOK He AaMO cacami npyro ycaepen.e MeHTaJIHTeTY 'eppaHU;YCKC ('flfTaj: PYCKe) neue, MacoHepHja rpefia na CMaTpa na jour IIlflIITa nnje Y'IHHHJIa ... 3aTO rpeoa CBlfM cpencrnnaa nacrojaru na ce cnposeny 3aKOHI1 xojnua 6M ce epopMaJIHO 3a6palbMBaJIO pOAI1TeJhI1Ma, pohanaua 11 craparen.aaa na BaCIIMTaBajy CBOjy Jlel~Y Y 611JIO xaxsoj pennrnj« non npern.oa na 6YAY nauieaa pOAI1TeJhcxor, CPogHI1'IKor 11 CTapaTeJhCKOr ayropnrera 11 JIeraJIHe BJIaCTI1, xao H OAY311Malba Aerie, If nosepasaaa I1CTC, na pa~IYH xpasana, npscaan".

II HeMa cyvn.e, aKO PYCKM HapOA He npyzor caaxau ornop OBI1M npa)l(eJhKI1BalbI1Ma, OHJla he H xou Hac UHTI1 HCTO xao Y <l>paHU;YCKoj. II MI1 heuo ca Y)l(aCOM BI1AeTI1 OTBopeHO rorsen.e sepe npanocnaane on crpane THX CJIYry carane, xoje he 11 nanty Aeu;y OTI1MaTI1 on Hac, na 6lf I1X sacnaraaana Y MP)l(lbH npena HaIIIoj cseroj sepn, H KOg Hac he, KaKO ce noopo H3pa3lfJIO "3BOHO" , 6HTlI csojenpcnax "janauapa", H KOA Hac he -- 6p)l(e nero Y <l>palIU;YCKoj, - norehn KpB xpamhaacxa ...

To cy xpaja,e HaMepe OHHX KOjH ce TaKO rpyne OKO onurrer 06pa30Balba KOJI Hac! He rocnone gp)l(aBIIHX MlfHHcTapa, KOjH cy ca-nnsaaana npennor 3aKOHa, neh OHI1X KOjl1 cy TI1M MI1HlfCTplfMa npotinnn yum jennoa re I1CTOM rrpI1'IOM, saxreaajyhn raj npennor 3aKOHa ...

Bpeve je IIaj3aA na Ao~eMo ceria AOK Hllje xacnol Bpeve je na 0AJIytIHO 11 HerrOKOJIe6llBO pacxnneao npnjaren.crno ca BJIaCTI1Ma <l>paHl\ycKe, xoje 113gajy Xpncra II orsopeuo cnyxce carana! Bpesre je na ce II Mll, PYClf, onaMeTHMO 11 OCBeCTHMO If na llAeMO CBOjlfM, Eorov YKa3aHI1M nyrexl Jep saaCTa, CMytIHJIO HaM ce OA osor ynarasan,a aenpajaren.naa pona -rone-nrjer, oaor casnjaa.a Klf'IMe npen rHyC060M orrycrouren.a, UITO uapyjc y necpehHOj <l>paHu;ycKoj, IIlTO Beh BOglf y nponacr MHore napone ...

191 .:

JECY JIM sorv YrO~HE "~pYrE BEPE"?

Og20(30P OHO.M.e KO lI111Ua

Hcrnna jc caMO JCAHa .

Hcrnmrra aepa je cairo jenna. To je Bepa npaBOCJIaBIIa. .

CBaKa nertpanocnasna nepa I1Ma y ce6Il 111m npuxecy JIa)l(lf, IlJIll Je CBa

naacna. OTa,-\ JIa)l(Il je ~aBO, a EoI' HeHaBIA" nax. LJ:lfHll ce xao Aa cY CBe TO aa rrpaBOCJIaBHOr xpmuhanana najjennocrasnaje. Hajlle~crropllllje lfCTllH~. AKO sepyje Y CBeTY, ca60pHY Il aIIOCTonCKY UpKBY, onna Je gY)l(aH na BCPY.1C Il Y TO na je jenano OHa CTy6 11 rsphana cnaCOIIOCHe IlCTIIHe, na cy Y n.y, xao y pasnany, AnOCTOJIIl II 60rOHOCHI1 MY)l(eBIl - y~mTeJhIl UpKBe YJIO)l(IlJIll CBe IIITO je rrpaBOCJIaBHOM xpmnbauaav nOTpc6HO sa crrac.elbe. II npena TOMe: 6ygl1 nOCJIymaH UPKBI1, KOPIlCTI1 ce IheHIlM CBCTI1M TaJHaMa, 'fIlHIl OHO lIlTO Tll OHa aanosena. 11 cnacnhem CC. A OIIa 3anOBCI\a na AP)l(llMO IlllcrrYlbaBaMo 3anOBeCTI1 Eoxqe. II TO je CBC ...

A 3aIllTO nOCJIC osora IIpaBOCJIaBHIl xpmnhanan jOIII mrra: "J ecy JIll Eory yromte npyre sepe: JIYTepalIcTBo, JIaTlflICTBO Il OCTaJIe, Kojl1Ma HCMa 6poja?" Onrosop je jacan caM no ccoa. Pa3YMe CC. He ronopmi 0 lle3Ha60IIITBY, MyxaMeAaIlCTBY, jYAejCTBY ca lberOBIlM TaJIMYAOM. LJ:aK he II 0 xpmuhancxa» BepOIlcrrOBeCTI1Ma sepna Clfll UpKBe peha OHO IllTO je rosopao uesatiopaana CBeTI1TeJh Teodian: "He )l(eJIlfM na ce ynyurrav Y npocyhaaau,e: na JIll he ce cnacirrn pIlMOKaTOJIHU;lf, - jenno 3HaM: aKO HarrycTI1M rrpaBOCJIaBJhC 11 IIpe~eM y JIaTIlHCTBO llecYMlbl1BO hy 6IlTl1ll3ry6JbeH". 130r xohe na ce CBIl JhY~II cnacy 11 na AO~Y Y II03Halbe I1CTIIIfe; Iberoaa "YTeBI1 cy HeIlcKa3IIBII; KO HIlJe Morao }~a II03Ha ~II1CTy I1ClIlHY, KaKBa je IlCTIIHa naurer caeror rrp~BOCJIaBJba, Oil u.era he ce II Malbe Tpa)l(IlTI1. aJII1 anax he ce Tpa)l(I1TIl, a KOMC je TO 6~JIO nOTIIYHo oMoryhello 11 KO je nosnao pII3HIll\y npaaocnasne I1CTI1He, aJII1 je ll3~eBepllo OBY HCTIIHY, lbeMY HeMa onpanrran,a: 6llhe 113ry6JI>ell axo ce He noxaje.

l.J:IlIlI1 ce: jacno, xao bO)l(jl1 nail: "1l1T0 je BI1Ille 0A 'refie He llIIITII Il urro je jane He I1CIIIlTyj: UlTO TIl je 06jaBJheHO - Y TOMe OCTaIllI" II - AOBOJbHO 'I'll je! Ko CIl 'I'll UITO xohein na anaur neacrpaxotae CYAOBe H npecyne (CYA6e)

Eosqe? 3IIaj eerie, II AOCTa TI1 je. .

AJIIl eTO, I1Ma TaKBIIX pal\03HaJII1X JbygIl KOjII ce He 3aAOBOJI,aBa]YTaKBIIM HeOCIIOpHI1M I1CTI1HaMa II CnpeMHI1 cy }\a ce 60pe rrpOTIIB lbl1X. OHIl xohe na nponaxny Y CYAOBC bO)l(je 11 xao na npnronapajy CaMOMe r~_cnoI\Y Dory. 3a6opaBJhajy MYI\PY pe-r anOCTOJla: h mceap !!,OH'tap ~e.«a ~.ltaC~uu uao 2.ilUHOM, oa og uciiie C.4tece nanunu jeoan cyg 3a t{(lCIU, a gpY211 3(1 cpau. (PI1M. 9,21). lInIl CI1 He3aAOBon,aH urro CI1 CYA sa "nacr"? Cnnpa ce Y YMY.CBOMe: aafinaronapa lIITO nocenyjeur Pll3HIlIlY 'meTe IlCTI1HC, MOJIll CC na OCTaHCm ~

-th

;'c~nIHII II npCrrYCTII Eory Cyn6lIHC OHHX JhYAH KOjH HC npnnanajy rsojo] Maj:_:i~ UP"BII, xraxap 6lUIH II rnojn pO~aI~1l rro TCJIy. TCIlIKO 'I'll je IIITO TO 'Iyicur' Ho sap MI1CJIIlI1I na CI1 MIlJIOCTI1Blljl1 on [OCIIOAa nora, MYlWl1jl1 OA IJ,pxse. OBC CKpI1BHI1l\C MYAPOCTI1 EO)Kjc? Ilpexopesaj ce6e IIITO He )KCJIl1IlI, HC Y\ICW II He rpynmu CC na csoje pohaxe Y'IIIHIlUI 3ajeliHH'lapHMa puannne 6JIaronarn, xoja CC TaKO rrpe06HJIHO 113JIIlBa 113 IJ,pKBe y InCIIHM CBeTI1M Tajnasia, y IbCHOM 60rOCJIY)KClbY, y IbeHOM Y'IeInY 0 cnaccn.y HaWe~1. To jc rsoja 06aBe3a, nY)Kali CII na ce n06pl1HCIlI na IJ,PKBH 6yny npacajenan.enn napo-mTO Jbynl1 Te611 6JIHCKH IIO KpBH, ami jOIII YBCK TY~11 no nyxy. A TH xao lia xohern na HX IJ,pKBa HaCHJIHO rrpHBY'IC K ceria, Y cnoje napy-rje, H 6e3 InHXOBC )KCJbC 11 npncranxa, a y3 TO neh rrOCJIe Ihl1XOBC CMpnI? TI1 xohein na nor, I'ocnon Haw Hcyc XPHCTOC, Koja je CTBOPHO IJ,PKBY CBOjy panl1 'IYBaIna 'lHCTe HCTI1HC, AonYCTH na y n.oj 6yne CBeCHa, ynopna JIa)K Y BI1AV OHHX 3a6JIVna, KOjlIX ce np)Ke JIaTIlHH, JIYTepaHl\1I H npyrn HHOCJlaBl\I1, {I~)Ke TaKO 'IBPCTO, na cMaTpajy na ITpaBOCJIaBlIa IJ,pKBa lIMa BC3C ca HCKaKBOM jepeca: na JIH je TO Moryhe? CBaKaKO, jenHHIl 3I1aJIali cpua 'IoBe'IHjHx 3Ha KOJIIIKO jc KO OA HerrpaBOCJlaBHIlX CBeCHO ynaJbeH on rrpaBOCJIaBHe HCTl1lIC H IW)KH CC na)KH: )KeCTOKH dianarnx je3YI1Ta, KOjH Ha3lIBa npasocnann,e "nacjou BepOM" , xoja CBpCTaBa JIa)K y pen MOpaJIHO-liorrYCTHBI1X cxsarau,a CBOjHM npannnov:

"IJ,I1Jb onpasnasa cpencrna", IIJIH nax rrpOCTI1 CPPaJUWCKH CeJbaHI1H, KOjH jeliBa YMe I\a 'lHTa II yonnrre nnje ynosuar ca TaWlHHaMa 60rOCJIOBCKHX CIIOpOBa, KOjH Y rrpOCTOTI1 cpua sepyje KaKO ra Y'II1 liYXOBlI1l orau H ca BepOM npl1Ma CBCTC 'rajne cnoje npxse? IT03HaTa je PC'I [OCIlOl\a na oaaj KO je saao BOJhY rocnonapa cnora H KOjH anje Y'lJ1HHO (rro 1l0Jhl1 IheroBoj) 6Hhe MIIOro 6HjeH, a KO naje snao H HHjC Y'II1IIHO rro BOJbH n.erosoj 6lIhe MaJlO 6l1jell. Ko 3Ha nyrene [OcnOliILC? Ilyrese MHJIOCp~a Hserosor? ETO, MO)Klia, sa IICKaKBe npOCTO{lYWHC n.yne KOjH rOTOBO na HHCY KpHBH 360r CBOI' ynan.anan,a OA npasocnann.a, "3eMaJhCKe nperpanc", npeua H3pa3Y MHTpOrrOJIHTa KHJeBCKor ITJIaTorIa, "H He AOCTH)KY AO neria", aJIII TO seh jc AeJIo bO)KjC, a ne name H HaAaTH ce tra OBO pacyhnaan,e, 11 Y TOj Hal\l1 Tpa)KHTH 3a cc6e onpan.iaa.e H3AajcTBa - 611JIO 6H IICAorrycTHBo sa npaBOCJIaBHY nepy ... Jep TO nnje Ol1IIITe liPKBCIIO Y'IClbC, neh cano MHWJbelLC jennor apxaenncxona: MHorH \(()ry na HMajy TO MHIIIJheInC, aJIH TO jour naje IJ,pKBa. 3a rrpaROCJIaBlWI' XPHurhannna lIeMa HH norpefie na ce ynyfin.yje Y HCIIHTHBalha: na JlH je MoryftC dlJCIITII cc Y HHOCJIaBJI,Y? AKO 6H 611JIO Moryhc, OHAa 611 IJ,pKBa H I1pHM;Jla l!l:uC.laBHe y cnoje napy-tje 6e3 HKaKBor oAPHl~aILa OA Jla)KHHX y-ren,a, xoja »na olaTpa jepcTwIKHM, HcrrpaBOCJIaBHHM. He 6H 6HJIO HH pa3J1HKe y BCpOl!(W'BCCTII\la. O'ICBHAHO, IJ,pKBa In6craBa 3ajel\HwieInC y MOJIHTBH II CHCnl\l Tainaxra ca HHOCJlaBHHMa, xao n.o] TY~HMa, xao IIC-'ICliHMa IhCIIHM. 11

47 n.eaa -rena nenajy npana na MYTiPyjy 110 CBOMe H I\Y)KHa cy na ce IIpllKJIOHe rrpel\ IbCHHM 60)KaHCKHM aYTopHTCTOM. Cnacen.e 6H 611]!O Moryhc 'IaK H sa CaTaHY, aJIH nor HC 'II1HH HaCHJhe Hal\ CJI060l\OM CBOjHX crnopen.a, a carana, 3601' CBOjC 60rorrpOTHBHe ropnocru, HHKal\a nehc rrpHKJIOHHTH csojy BOJhY CMHPCHOM npasaan.y cnora 60I'OOI\CTYI1HHllITBa. JbYI\H HHCY 3JIH I\YCH, Imcy AYXOBI1 3,106c, OHH HMajy nornyny MOl'yhHOCT CMllpclha, a npo-urrajre noy-rHy rrOBeCT y )KHTHjy npenonoriuor AHToHHja Bcnuxor 0 TOMe KaKO cy ABa snonyxa rrpncrynana IbCMY ca ITIITalbeM: Aa JII1 jc aa IhHX Moryhe IIoKajaILC? Anheo nO)KjH H3BeCTIIO je yronuaxa bO)J(jcr ua ce I'ocnon IIC onspaha 01\ onora KO My IIpHCTyna y noxajan.y, MaKap H caM carana npnurao, aJIH "3JIO- 6a crapa HC MO)J(e na 6Yl\e HOB a BpJIHHa". ]bY/Ill HHCY 3JIIl AYCH, HHCY nYXORII 3J106e: OIlH HMajy nOTI1YHy MoryhHOCT na ce CMHpe H na IlpHtICCY noxajau.e, aJIH rpeoa na TO rrpHHCCY CBOjOM CJI060AHOM BOJhOM, na orsope CBOjc cpue sa 6JIarOliaT, xoja je csarna cnpcsina na HaM rrOMOrHC y liC]IY naiuer cnacen.a. A MH, Jby6chH IlX, rpcoa na yrrOTpc6HMO CBa cpencrsa na HM nOMa)J(eMO Y TOM AeJIY, rro6y~yjyhH HX na 3ajel\HHLJeInC ca IJ,PKBOM, pasorxpaaajyha HM, aKO, paayne cc, He nO'lIIY na Ol\6Hjajy, CBC pH3HHl\e 6,1arOl\aTH KOjC ce LJYBajy y IJ,PKBH. 11 TO he 611TH 6ecKpajlI0 6JIarOTBOpHHje OA paA03HaJIHX 3arrHTKHBaIna 0 OBOMC: na JIH cy Dory yronne sepe y xojnaa cy, rro cBeAO'ICIbY same MajKe IJ,pKBe, JIa)J(Ha MYApOBaIna cxreurana ca 'lHeroM HCTHHOM rrpaBOCJIaRJI,a. Tpe6a Ca)KaJheBaTH 3a6JIYl\eJIe, aJIH HM HC rrOBJIa~HBaTH Y 3a6JIyAaMa. THM npe 'IYBaTH ec6e 01\ aapase THM 3a6JIYl\aMa. Jepecn, CBaKaKO, HIIcy Bory YI'OI\HC: TO je KYKOJb Me~y rrWCHHl\OM 'IHCTOI' y-ren,a, H, xao WTO IlITeTHO CCMeInC, nOAaTO IlUlCIlHl\H, nocraje OTPOB Kalla ee ITIneHHl\a npeTBOpH Y XJIc6, TaKO H JIa)KHa Y'leIna, npnxaaheaa y CPl\Y 3ajCI\HO ca 'IHCTHM Y'ICH,CM IJ,pKBe, urxone nYIlIH xpHIIIhaHHHa. MO)KeMo JIH ce -rax H vmrratu: jecy JlH yronna 130ry HCIIOBCLialba sepe, aarposaaa JIa)KHHM Y'IClbCM? ChHI'JIel\HO je na HHCY yronna. Ha rnrraa,e 0 MoryhHocTII cnacen,a y OBI1M ncnoBCAaInHMa 3ajeAHwIKII je onrosop: cano y IJ,PKBH Ilpasocnaanoj MO)Ke ce naha cnacerse. Taxo Y'IH cana IJ,pKBa. Taxo H rperia na 6ync. J cp cnacen.c je cano y HCTHHH, a HCTHHa je caxio jCAHa, xao IIITO je H IJ,pKBa - jenna: nepyjev y jenny CBeTY caoopny H arrOCTOJICKY IJ,PKBY, rosopn nam CHMBOJI sepe.

7914.

,n;ECHH H JIEBH

Kana y rpcnynnaa AOKOJIHl\e, lIaCaMO ca C060M, T1O'IHlheMO na cc YAYOJhyjCMO Y OHO IlITO cc ACIlIaBa OKO Hac, na cc rrHTaMO 3601' -rera )KI1BH name TaK03Bano otipasonauo l1PYUlTRO, WTa ra Y3I1eMHpaBa, UITa 0110 Tpa)J(lI; xa-

4H

49

na rrO'I1HbCMO na npmien.yjeao na CBe OBO MeplUIO naurcr pobenor npanoCJIaBHOr IIOI'JIeAa ua CBeT, rana lIeXOTlII~e ncspcana mrran,c: rra KYAa MlI, naj- 3aA, l1ACMO? Kyna nac BOAC TaK03BaHl1 "TBOPI\l1 jaBHOI' Mlbellia?" LJyjy ce PC'Il1 KojlIMa CC MO)KC rrpl1AaBaTl1 CMl1CaO ~ KaKO ce KOMC CBl1l)a, peun 1'060- )KC Ml1JI03BY'IlIe, npI1MaM]hl1Be, aJlI1 ~ asaj, 'ICCTO~ npasne, TaKO /W, aKO lIX 6Yl1eTe KOPl1CTlIJllI, ca6eCel1HI1K npyra-mjer nornena na CBCT cxsarahe I1X na CBOj lIa'IHII -- lie OHaKO KaKO Ell CXBaTaTC, seh OHaKO KaKO OH )KCJlH na HX CXBaTa ... Y3MlIMO caxio PC'I: "nporpec". Pe'I HHjC pYCKa; y npenony 3Ha'IH jel1110CTaBHO ~ "xperan,e nanpca". A KYl1a, y KOM npanuy ~ aanpen? 06jannsasajy -- xa 60Jboj 6Yl1yhHoCTH. AJll1 y 'IeMY jc 1I KaKO cc CXBaTa - ra 60Jba 6Yl1yhIlOCT? Y 'IeMY cy 311a~H 60Jber? Ty neh CBaKO paayuc KaKO xohe. TaKO!)C - PC'IH: "cJl060Aa", "npocscra" li ~lIIore Apyre.

AJIH liMa PC'Il1 xoje y name nane CTaJlIlO 'lyjClIl JlCBO-LICCIIO, li 06e 3Ha'IC rpaxcen-e 60Jbe 6YTlyhHOCTlI; TO cy PC'IH: "ACCHli" li "nenn". AcCHC naprujc. crpyje. HOBliHC; JlCBC naprnje, JICBC 1I0BlIHC, rrpaB~lI 1I OCTaJlO. Ilpano na Ka)KC~1: Kaua 'IyjeM OBe pt;'Ili. 'rana HCXOTlI~C HOMlIlIlJhaM na OHC CTpaUIHe PC'III xoje he y noc.ienn.u l1all CBCTa peti« Llap onuua iuiuo A1Y ciuoje ca qecue ciupane. pehu u OHlI.ua uiiiio .uv ciuoie C .1e6e ciupaue (MT. 25, 34 H 41). EOjlIM cc npexopa 360r cserorpnae rrapanene 1I3MC!)Y CYI1Hjc CBCTa 1I OH01' KOMe CJlCBa H 3L{CCHa cene 'IJIaHOBli I1YMe (cKyrrIIITlIHc) 1I I-IPYru: 'IJiaHOBH I1PYIlITBCHHX H Ap)KaBHHX YCTaHOBa: HC rOBopHM 0 npencennauaaa, - 1I caMli OHH MOry na 6yny necna I1JllI JlCBlI, - nero cauo 0 110l1CJlH na ACCHC 1I JlCBC: OHa jc BCOMa xapaxrepucm-ma seh 110 caMliM rrpHHqlIrrHMa lliliXOBC nonene li no OHOj CJl060AlI ca KojOM cy caMli ona nOIlIJIH na jc/IHY HJIH Apyry CTpaHY 11 CJl060AHO caMli CC61I H3a6paJllI Ha311B AeCHHX 1I JlCBlIX. XTCO 6l1X na yrrlITaM:

IIPliCCTli JlH CC MaKap jenan O/~ ACCHHX na UITa ce ofianesyje naaasajyha cc6e "I1CCHlIM"? 0 "JlCBlIMa" IIC rOBopHM: OIlH CC I'OPI1C CBOjOM npanannouthy JlCBHM naprnjaaa, H BHIIIe 3aHCTa He sepyjy y nonasebn Crpaunm CYI1, Mal1a MHorH on isax jOIlI Ha31IBajy ce6e "xpmuhaaaaa".

Pehn he MH na Ha3HB "AecHH" H "JlCBlI" HeMa HHKaKBC BC3C ca 1 enanbe]hCM. 1a TO HH HC TBp,[lHM. HH jenna, HH npyra crpana, y najnan.y PYKY, 0 TOMC naje MHCJllIJla. AJlH CBO, rne, KaKBa nonynapnocr! 3aIlITO cy 3aWTlITHlI~HlJ,pKBe, CJlel16CH111lH OTal,I61IHCKliX npenatsa, Ha3Ballli ",[ICCHHMa", a IhlIXOBl1 npOTl1BHH~lI - "JICBlIMa"? 3allITO jcnna 11 npyrn 11 y AP)KaBHHM HHCTlIryuajaua CCAC 6am ACCHO 1I JlCBO 011 rOCrrOAl1Ha npCACC,[IHliKa? 3alUTO cc jCAHl1 H npyrn, HapO'IliTO JleBl1, HHMaJlO HC spehajy xana npzxaarajy yrrpaBo TaKBC Ha31IBc? Taxo cy HaBlIKJllI, TaKO CC Y06WJajlIJlO. 11 A06po jc. Taxo heuo 11 Ml1 3HaTH. 1I1T0 nan.e OA Ilpxse, TliM JlCBlIjC. IlITo 6JIl1)KC lJ,PKBl1, Tl1M necnnje, Ilpxsa 1I IhCHl1lIACaJIlI, tra raj Ha'IliH, xao na cy MeplIJIO ,[ICCHl1-

xapersa 1I nesn-rapen,a. Y TOM IIOrJlCAY Ao6po .ic UITO MI1 3HaMO nneane UpKBC, HC casro fuCHC Hc6cCKC I1ACaJlC, Hero 11 3eMa.ibCKC 110 pYKOBOnCTBY nefieCKliX. UpKBa XOftC na BI1I1I1 11 na 3CMJbl1 113BCCTaH onpas Hc6a. J1CBI1 IICftC l1a snajy sa Hc60 11 MallITajy na crnope 11 ypene CBOjc Hc60 na 3CMJhl1. IJ,pKBa xao na TC)KlI na 11 3CMaJhCKO npannrne K neriy; CBeT xojn npencrasn,a jy JlCBlI XOftC na H Hc60 03eMJbaHli If CBe If,[lcaJIHO na npnuy-rc K 3eMJbH, na ra IIPI1MOpa l1a CJIY)Kll 3eMaJDCKOM. UpKBa nanta rrOMI1IIIJba na Be'IIIOCT: CBCT je 3a60- panao na lliY, He scpyje y IhY, cvarpa je 6ajKOM. 3aTO jc IhCMY na yMy caxo rrpl1BpCMCHO. Kalla nesa rosopc 0 lJ,PKBI1, TaAa- lfJllI ronope 0 n.oj ca nor~elliliBallieM, xao 0 YCTaIIOBli nch aacrapenoj, xao 0 rrpC)KlIBCJIOM oCTaTKY l1aBHl1X BeKOBa, ~ TO cy xpajise JIeBl1; HJIl1 CC nax rpyne na jc npeypene rro CBOM 06Jll1'ljy, na 6li je Y'llfHlfJIli nOCJIYlllHI1M opyl)eM CBOjHX MallITalha, ~ TO cy nOJlYCBCCHI1 nean, cnpexnn Aa CJIY)KC 11 Bory, 11 MaMlmy, 1I0/l_jCl\HaKO 11 neriy 1I 3CMJbl1. He nopa-ress na ce JICBlfMa rrpHKJbY'lyjy nonexan II sepyjyha, HeCBCCIIO aasohena, yrJIaBHOM, JleBOM nrraxinoxt 11 n.euoxr BCIIITo\[ XI1I1HO- 30M. Y naure ,[I06a aatiopaarsa cc Aa ce Y TCMC.D PYCKor naponnor nornena na CBCT, KaKO I1pYWTBeHOI' TaKO 11 IIOJII1TlPIKOr. Ay60KO YJ..:0PCHI10 3al1CTa IIPKBCHll Ha'Il1H rnenau,a, PYCKli napou CC, npnsmmua npaaocnasno xpnurbanCTBO, IbCMY npenao CBC~eJlO, HC nonyurrajyha HlfKaKBC naronoe ca caseurhy, CBCqCJIO sepyjyha na cy H,[IeaJIli IJ,pKBe 'llfCTa, ooronpenana IICTlIHa, xoja lIC nonyurra HlIKaKBC 'IOBe'IHje nonpasxe y csojoj CYUITlIHI1 11 xoja caw) y CBOjlIM CJlOBeCHlIM H3pa31IMa norryurra 1I3BeCHe lf3MeHc, KOjC CC HC Tl1'IY CYlIlTlIHe. E1'O, naura "necna" 1I nacroje Aa ce rrpCMa CBOjHM cnarava 'IBpCTO npxce upxnenor Ha'Il1Ha MI1II1Jbefua, npn 'ICMY ce, xao JI,YI1H, nonexan CYBlillIC /W)KC CJlOBa, a nOHCKaA, Tpa)KCftll (11 nponanaaehn) AYX, ry6c rrpaBa~ 11 110HCKJlC cxpehy ca npasor nyra. "J1CBlf", nanpo ran, HC )Kcnc na cc AP)KC pO!)CHOI' pYCKor, a crora HH onurreupxnenor, nornena aa CBeT If nanaae CBOj yaop Y 3arra,[lHlIM cxearan.aaa, rne je 'IOBC'IaHCKO noxemano ca 60)KaHCKl1M, a nonexan npenary HaA ful1M OAHOCli IIC3Ha6o)Ka'IKO, 113MCIIIalIO ca xpmuhanCKl1M, TC 3aTO If YHOCII HCCKJIaA Y OITIIITI1 IIorJIeA 'IOBeKa na CBCT. OTYAa KOA "ACCHl1X" ~ 1'JlClIl1llJTa csojcmena AYWlf naponnoj, a KO/l "JleBI1X" ~ Ty~a IhOj 1I xoja ,[IcCHI1Ma ynnsajy crpaxosaa.e: KaKO na HC 113ry6c Aparo H pO!)CHO, aKO l1X YCBoJe Y)KllBOTY.

Y nocnenn.a l1aH CBCTa 6l1fte 0ACYAHO H IIoTrrYHo onnajan.c "T\CCHlIX" on "JICBI1X"; cana 'rora jOIlI HCMa: xao IIITO je na fulfBlI ITIIICHlflla 'ICCTO nonemana ca KYKOJbCM, TaKO cc na rpeumoj 3CMJblI Jb Y,[I11 "ACCHI1" Mcmajy ca "JlCBliMa", na 11 y caMlfM JbYAI1Ma HCPCTKO ce ACCHa rrienaurra Mcmajy ca IIpl1- JlWlHO JIeBHM. 360r rora nacrajc, TaKO pehn, mapOJIl1KOCT: jenau CMaTpa ce6c caCBllM "ACCHl1M", arm cc y lliCMY KPHjc TaKaB JlCBlf lIa'1l111 rncnan.a, /la

50

51

ACCHH 1I36craBa IW cryna ca IbHM y 6JIHCKH AOAHp. ITpHMCp: neKII rraTpHOTH A03BOJI,aBajy CC6H na ce ca OMaJIOBa)[(aBatbCM asjaunr.asajy 0 npaBCAHHl\HMa Crapor 3aBCTa nplIMClbyjyhlI na IhHXOBa ACJIa BHCOKC HACaJIe HOBOI' 3aBCTa H na 'raj HaCIHH sananajyha y 6HTHY rrpoTHBpC'IHOCT ca Y'IelbcM IJ,PKBC H CBeTHM OqHMa. 11CTHHCKH ACCHH 'IOBCK OBO HIIKaAa CC6H nehe nonycraTH: OH jc BCpHH CHH IJ,pKBe, IbCHa Y'Iclha cy sa n.era H3HaA CBHX JIH'IHHX CXBaTaiba, MaKap CC 'IHlIl1Jla 11 "lIaYCIHa".

Y naure AaHC ACCHC 11 JICBC najourrpnje paansajajy OCHOBHa nnratsa AP)[(aBHOr )[(I1BOTa, xoja "ACOIH" craan.ajy na CBOjy 3aCTaBY: ITpaBOCJIaBJbC, CaMOAP)[(aBJbC II HapoA(HOCT). MOrJIO 611 ce rrOMHCJII1TII: IIpaBOCJIaBJbC je amne ~ mrrau.e nenocpcnno l\PKBCIIO, a KaKBC BC3C HMajy ca IJ,PKBOM cauoAP)[(aBJbe II napon?

Onrosop na OBa rnrran,a naje cau )[(IIBOT. Cana, saxsan.yjyha pary C HeMqlIMa, nOCTaJIO je CHHMa OCICBIIAHO 'lCMY BOAII Haw npocTOAYWHI1 HapOA sepa HCMa'lKa, WTYlIAlI3aM (CCKTa HaJIIIK aa JIYTcpaHCTBO - itpu». fipeB.) 11 6anTlI3aM, na HC rOBoplIMO 0 ApyrlIM CCKTaMa. OHII necpehnaua KOjlI cy 3aBeAcHII II CKpeHYJIII ca npanor nyra npecrajy na 6YAY HC cano rrpaBOCJIaBHII, Hero H PYCII, nocrajy nenpnjaren.a csoje IJ,PKBC, ry6c AYllICBHC OC061I1IC csora uapona; ITpaBocnaBHII CaMOAP)[(aBHII Ilap nocraje TY!) H>IIXOBOj AYWII, OHI1 rrO'IHIbY na najy rrpBeHCTBO HCMa'lKOM xajsepy y onnocy na pohenor Ilapa. CaB IhlIXOB rrOrJICA na CBCT nocraje TY!); HC PYCKII. 11Ma csenoven,a Aa '-[aK H IbIIXOB cnon.aunsn 1I3rJIeA nocraje HepYCKII. OcmrJIeAHO je na cy TaKBII n.yAll H3ry6JbeHlI aa Pycajy xao Acqa, xao BCpHH CIIHOBII. JbYAII "necun" YBII!)ajy OBO, Tyryjy II peBHOCHO ce fiopc sa nepy npaaocnasny '1aK II y HMC cave PYClIje, na ce 11 HC rosopu 0 nyxosnoj CTpmIH crnapn, 0 cnacersy AYwC CBOjC 6pahe. A sa nene ~ CBC cy BCpC A06pe, OHI1 cy cnpesmn na najy rrOTIIyHy cn060AY csaxoj nponaraunn, 6lIJIO Aa je TO lICMa'IKa IIJIII jour nexa npyra. 3a lbl1X II npernapan,e Pyca y HCMl\C HCMa BCJIIIKOr snauaja, ~ casio Aa IbIIXOB IIAOJI ~ nplIHI\IIII CJI060AC ncnonenan,a 0YAC ca'IYBaH. 11CTO TaKO sa ACCHC je ca~IUAp)[(aBHII Ha'IHH snanarsa y pobenoj PYClIjlI ~ HcnplIKOCHOBCHa CBCTHILL 3a xojy cy OHII cnpCMHII na rrOJIO)[(C CBOj )[(IIBOT; AOK jc sa JICBC ~ TO 3.lI..Jape.'m PC)[(IIM, KOjlI rperia yKIIHyTI1 (IIJIII yHlIlliTHTII). HeCl!1I BlIllC y nWI]!I'CTI! csora Ilapa - pohenor oua, ca KOjlIM CC ynyurrarn y nperonopc II ~:: :'.: '\\IC. v KOIICTIITYl\lIjy (yCTaB) ~ jCCTC cserorpbe, ['pCX npen Boron, .<:;~--;-:ilalbc UII 3anOBeCTlI bO)[(jC: "Ilonrryj oua csora II MaTcp CBOjy" , 3aTO !UTO je Ilap Eorov AaHH orau napona, oC3rpaHwlHo BOJbCH, KOMC cy nara, OA Cancra I.; ora, EOJ/Cjo.11 MIIJl0 udiy, CBa npana oua, aaxouonauua, xao, aa HCKll ua-nm. llKOHH Bora CBC1IP)[(HTeJba. "Eor HaM je,- rosopn MHTporro.111T ~1l.'lapeT MOCKOBCKH,- no CJIHl\H Cnora CBCAP)[(HTeJbCTBa nao Ilapa

CaMOJ\p)[(aBHor", xora jc nouasao y BCJIHKOj TajHI1 ~lHpOIIOMa3alba, napoBaBlIIH My H cnary II MYIIPOCT 3a ynpann.an.e HapoJ\OM. J1eBH IIHlIITa OA rora HC IIpH3Hajy: sa IbHX je Llap HCTH TaKaB 'IOBeK xao !lITO cy H CBH "npesunenrn" ("npeAccAHH1IH"), ca xojmra ce MO)[(CMO ynynrrarn y nperonope, IWronope, 11 xora, crora, y Ihl1Ma Il3BCCHllM CJIy'wjcBHMa. Mory H I\a HC crryurajy: OBO cairo no CC6H nponcraue H3 Y'lclha 0 orpana-renoj napcxoj BJIaCTH. OTYI\a -- CHOBII 0 KOHCTHTYl\Hjl1. 0 nOCTcrreHOM, aKO neh He MO>Ke 0AMax. ocnajan.y BJIaeTH, 0 rrpe06pahalhY Llapav HeKaKaB 6e3BOJbHH cpeTHIlI, xoja caxio "nnana, aJIII He ynpann,a". IJ,pKBa YCIlI H 'ICCHH scpyjy Aa jc CPl\C IlapeBO Y PYI\H Boxjoj; JICBH IIHKal\a TO nche pehn: IblIMa je nOTIIYHo TY!) raj MHCTWIKH CJICMCHT Y naponnoj nyuia. 11 CBe Il0K jc Pycuja npaBOCJIaBUa AOTJIe he H 6lITI1 H caaonpacanna: TO OIVIWIHO pasyucjy BO!)C JICBHX H TpYAe ce na CBIIM cpeACTBIIMa OCJIa6e rrpaBOCJIaBJbC, najyhu cnaxojaxe 1I0BJIaCTHqc HHOCJIaBHHMa, paCKOJIllHl\HMa H jcperaumaa. J],y60KO y OCHOBH npasocnaBJI,a JIC)[(H CBeTa xpacrononpaxaaajyha qpTa - CMHpeIbC; CBel\CJlO, Y npoCTOTH cpua nonepeu,e H BcpnOCT Eory 11 Hscronoj IJ,pKBH; a crora H borOM [[OCTaBJheIlOM Ilapy; rrpaBOCJlaBHH cxrarpa na IIHjc n.crosa CTBap na pacnpasn.a 0 HeKaKBHM CBojHM rpahaucxnsr. IIOJlHTWIKHM npaumta, AOKJIC rOA 'ra npasa He nocrany n.erosa AY)[(HOCT. HapO'lHTO npena IIp)[(aBH. Hcnymrrn AY)[(HOCT - OH jc otiaseaan, 'raK H AO MY'lCHHUlTBa, H OH he je ncnymrra THM JIaKIIlC aKO jc TO n,erOBO npano. J1CBII MHCJ[e OOpH)'TO: OHII cBYAa rpaxe CBOja npana, <reCTO aaoopann.ajyha AY)[(HOCTH. A Ap~THMa OHH na CBe Moryhc Ha'lHHe caseryjy na aaxreaajy paana "npaaa" y CBH~1 OOJIaCTHMa )[(HBOTa. I-bHXOBO MHlUJheH,C HAC 06pllyTHM PCAOM: AecHH ronopn: 3a6opaJ3H rra csoja npana, ncnyisanaj npc cscra csojy nyxcnccr. a npaso ocrsapyj caMO onna xana OHO nOCTalIC rnoja J\Y)[(HOCT. J1CBH rOBopII: TH ClI l\y)[(aH rrpc cnera Ila CTeKIlCllI cnoja npana, a TCK 3aTIIM hem ucrryn.ana'ru CBOjy AY)[(J{OCT. ITo MHuin.en.y nccnora, IlpBO AY)[(HOCT, a 3aTHM npaso, xao rrJIOA AY)](HOCTH, xao narpana aa IheJ{O HcnYlbclbe. ETO 3aIllTO OJ{ clIOKOjHO o-rexyje TO npano, 311ajyhH aa n.cra, ann He MalIITajyhH na ra 3aAo6Hje npyrauaje nero na ra npnXBaTH xao AY)[(IIOCT. JleBH cnarpa na jc "npano" npHpO!)CHO <IOBeKY: seh rro TOMe UITO je - 'lOBCK, H 6e3 063Hpa na TO na JIll je 3aCJIY)[(IIO csojc npano, OH 1\10)[(C, a aKO MO)[(C, ouna jc rro CBOj npIIJlHl\H, H Ay)[(aH na ra 3aA06Hjc. A na JIll je OJ{ spcnan. J\a JlH je cnocotian na ()CTBapH CBOjC npaso - 0 TOMC JICBH lie ~1HCJlH. KOJ\ I\CCHHX na-reno )[(IIBOTa .ic MOpaJIHO HaqeJIO, KOl\ JICBHX .iYPH)\H'IKO (npasno). na H TO je nOHeKaA CyMlhHBO nax II y npaanov cxacny. Mo)[(C na ce orrpOCTII MalllTalhe 0 CJIo60AH nponaraime jcperuxa, paCKOJIHI1Ka, pa3HopOAIIHX IIHOCJIaBIIHX.IIPyra<mje MHCJIeftHX, ann npaROCJIaRHH ACCHH HHKal\a nehc pa3y~ICTH: KaKO TO npaaocnasua PYCKa BJIaCT MO)[(e Aa i\OJBOJIH, II

52

TO jour na OCHOBY 3aKOHa, na ce npononena HCnpaBOCnaBHO Y'IClbe Mel)y npaBOCJlaBHI1M JbYrlI1Ma? AKO jc npaBt1CnaB.ibC ncruua, Ollrla- KaKO snana, KaKO (JTa~ lIaPOI~a, KaKO cJlyra BCnl1KOra Oua - Llapa, MO)J(e cnoxojno na nonvUITa na H,crOBY neuy paanpahajy HeKaKBI1 npOl1araTOpu, .iCpCTHI~I1, ria HC caMO sasone ca npasor lIyTa [bCrOBY AYlllY, Hero U na onnajajy OA naponne nennne n,Yrlc, 'IJlaHOBC )J(lfBOI' aaponnor TeJIa. 11 ria I1X 'II1IlC uenpnjaren.naa naponne BCPC, na 'IaK U [IaPOrlHOr nyxa? lI,enOBlITOCT norncna na caer, 3ApaBu paayn I1CKPCHO ouauor CUHa Pycnje TO HC Mory ua ).IOnYCTC. IIITa 6u CBC 3a)J(CJIcnl1, na npl1Mep, Henua, ua Gu lhUXOBUM npononennanaaa ).IaJIIl CJ1060- ny na ce utnpe II cxnrajy no namoj Pycnjn, na onepahajy ca npasor rryra I1pOCTO).lYlllHC npaBOCJIaBIIC JI'Yrle y IbHXOB 6arrTll3aM, llITYH).IH3aM II OCTaJlC jepeen' I1 urra? 3ap lIM rpefia ).IaBaTIl CJ1060rlY? MO)J(c Jill rlCCHU, xoja rr,y61l CBOjy pohcny Pycajy II cBeTY sepy npaBOCJIaBHY, MO)J(e Jm OH TO MllpHO ria nonycrn? A eBO lIaUII1 JleBH, Kojll cefie jour uaaasajy "nporpecasna" , TO JCCT OIm KOjH UAY "nanpen", TO ne cauo na nonyurrajy, Hero cy cnpesma na TO 11 aaxreaajy ... Jlen je TO nporpec - "xperan.e nanpen": K Y).Ia? 01\ CBeTJIOCTH HCTHHe npaBOCJIaBHe y 06JIaCT TaMe, JIa)J(HI1X y-ten,a? Ila. TO je xperau,c, cavo He xa 60JbCM, aeh, necyun.nno, xa pasapan.y PYClljC, xa nponacrn napOAHOj ... AJIIl TaKBIl cy JIeBIl. TaKaB je lhl1XOB OrlHOC rtpexia CBOjOj BCPI1, CBOjoj, rosopaa, jep aKO aancra H36pojHMO 11 OI\CHIlMO MaKap '[JIaHOBe D,p)J(aBHe D,YMe, xojn eerie nasanajy 'lJIaHOBI1Ma "nporpecasnor 6JIOKa" , OHAa he ce rrOKa3aTU na je Pyca TClMO name nero nnosepana, I1HOCJIaBHHX- no nacoury, pasyae ce!

D:aKJIe, xon rlCCIIHX H JICBHX caCBHM je onpenan lIOrJIeJ~ na CBeT. Hax H cava OCHOBa Tor nornena na CBeT jc pa3JII1'IIlTa AO cynpoTHOCTH: Ta~IO, xon AeCHUX, KaKO can nanpcn pcxao, xpacrononpaxasajyhc CMHpelhe; osne, KO).l JIeBUX, ~- Ha).lYBcHOCT. TaMO xpaurhancxa MOpaJIHU npnmnm, OB).Ie .~ HC3Ha- 60)J(a'[KU jyPI1All'lKH CMucao. TaMO na npnou MCCTY AY)J(HOCT, a 3aTHM rrpaBO; OBAe - najnpc npano, 3aTUM rlY)J(HOCT. TaMO je ncnpen JIWIHOCT (xao HH).IHBUl\yaJIlIOCT), TCK 3aTI1M omIITC (3ajCI\HWIKO) l\o6po, npn TOM He onurrenpxseao, HC Hc6cCKO, Beh cauo 3eMarr,CKO. Ho 11 lIOA OBHM YCJIOBHMa necnnMa 6u JOIl! Moryhc 611J1O aKO He na cc I10MHPC ca nocrojas.eu JIeBHX naprnja. OlIAa, 6apeM,).Ia sone C lhHMa 'laCHY 6op6y H3 npnmuma: jep HCTHHa jc jenua. H KO n.y 'IeCTHTO Tpa)J(H, raj he je II nahn, cauo na He 6Yl\e JIYKaB y CBOjOj canecrn, cavo na 0YIW CBeCTaH na je IIOTpc6IIO no canecrn, 'IaCIIO ce o):\IIOCI1- TU rrpcMa rrpoTHBHHKy. AJIH asaj, TaKBa jc ueh casecr JIeBHX, a 3aTO je TaKBa H lhl1XOBa JIO['J1Ka, na y HMC cBOjUX nneja CBe Mory na satiopane, a cancer, H AY)J(HOCT. 11 cBeTY HCTHHY smue na He Tpa)J(e, Hero na ce lhC KJIOHC, 'IaK 11 aKO je OHa OCICBH):\lIa, 360r pa3I!HX coq)[13aMa ... Ty CC Bch H najo-mrncnaajc 'fll-

lhCHHl\e safiopaan.ajy, - Ty rpefia CBe OI\CTpaHlfTH, caxro na 6H TPl1jY~ICPUBJ.'-' IbIlXOB cocpH3aM! I1 TO jc pa3YMJhHBO: KOA MHorHX JICBHX sacjano je jYACjCKO s.taro y O'IHMa, MHorUMa KOjl1 cy orpaHwIclIH, KOjH cy 3aBe):\CHH MOAOM ne- 1301' YCMcpelba, nOAMCTlIYTH cy Jla)!(HH ):\OKCl:m 11 3aKJbY'II~H JIeBOM llJTaMIIOM: xrnorn CC CTHne lIITO I!HCY nCBI1: jep TO jc carla Y MO/\H, a MHorHMCl je H KOPHCHO ):\a 6YAY TaKBH, KOPHCHO II MaTcpHjaJlHO, jep Mory YHOCHY CJIY)J(6y ):\a notinjy, H He~nrepujaJIlIO, jcp H Y 1I0BIlHaMa he HX 1I0XBaJII1TH xao JhYiW nanpenne, nnocpanne, 11 Y J\PYUlTBY, xoje - anaj! -IICMa COIICTBCliO MHIllJhelhe, seh ce 3al\OBOJhaBa cauo HCTHM THM HOBHlIaMa, - MO)J(e ce Y)J(HBaTH yrJIcl\, 6HTII csiarpan raxobc "YMHHM" , HC3aOCTaJIIlM 'IOBCKOM. A rlPYWTBO, a urrauna naura - n03IIaTO jc- Y 'II1jHM je PYKaMa. TIOCJIC osora je pa3YMrr,HBO aaIlITO je l\eCHI1Ma BeOMa TCIliKO: OHH HC Mory na YIIoTpe6e He'IaCIIa cpe):\cTBa KojHMa ce TaKO YBCJIUKO KOpl1CTe JIeBU y3 nonoh, yrnasnoa, CBOjHX JlIlCTOsa. Ilonexan npocro neheur naha me ria otijaanm csojy HCTHIIOJI,y6uBY pccl. Ilonyme, nocroje I\Ba~Tpl1 necna JIHCTa, aJIH 6poj IbHXOBHX rrpCTIIJIaTHHKa y nopehcn.y ca 'IHTaOl~I1Ma JICBHX JIHCTOBa TaKO je cxponan, ria he Balli npoTCCT, naur BaTpCHH 'IJIalIaK OCTaTH CKOPO HCIIpHMehcI!. Eopoa nocraje HCpaBHorrpaBHa. Hneje JICBHX HClIpeKH):\Ho ycncsajy, umpc ce H onnaaasajy Macava -nrraxaua, a 1'01'0130 na lIM IICMa OTIIopa. lICBIl cy 06pa30BaJIH ne MaJIO y):\p~)J(elha, xoja 3aKOHOM HUCY npnsnara, aJIU xoja unax nenyjy jasno H xoja HMaJY y l~p)J(aBHHM YCTaHoBaMa CBOjC npencrasnaxe. xoja ce yjennn.yjy Y rpyne, Y 0130 rrOCJIeAlhC spene JICBH cy nparpafiana TaKB), BJIaCT H OCUJIHJIH CC, na cy rroBYKJIH ca C060M H HeKC YMepeHHjc rpyrre H yjeAHHHJIH HX ca C060M nOA HMeHOM "nporpecnanor 6JIOKa". Tpc6a JIH rOBopHTH 0 IlITeTIl sa rlP)J(aBy on TaKBUX yjennn.anau.a, 01\ TaKBe cJI060l\e 3JIa, jep, aKO XOhCTC, C aaure rrpaBOCJIaBHC Ta'IKC rJIcl\H1IITa, no HalLIeM y6el)elhY - je):\HHO Moryhc, TO 3Ha'1H BOI\HTH Hamy npaBOCJIaBHY PYCHjy, HalLI 1\06pH aepyjyhn PYCKH napon, a na xpajy xpajesa naury 3eMJhY, 3CMrr,y Onora Kojn D,OJIa3H ):\a Cy):\H )J(HBHMa H MpTBuMa, y nponacr?.. MO)J(e JIll CJIY)J(HTCrr, lI,PKBC ria hYTChH nocuarpa OBY noryoay 1I0jaBY, xoja JlI1IIIaBa nanty Pycnjy Eoxjer 6JIarOCJIOBa? ..

Ilmuev OBe PCI\OBC II Y UCTO BPCMC MHCJlHM: na JIH he KO '1yTH OBY )!(aJIOCT nynre? Ila JIU he IIpCeraTH na ce Ilrpajy ca OrIhCM? D.a JIll he ce ca)J(aJIHTIl na MHorOHCBOJhHU HapOI\, a C Ibl1M H na ):\pary PYCHjy lIpaBOCJIaBHY? .. Majxo Eosqa, ClIaCH 3eMrr,y pycxyl ..

1915.

Ilpeneo ca pycxor:

MHpOCJIaB fOJIy6oBHh

54

55

PACIIE1iE OTAI.IEUHE

fbC CY HCnpCCTaHO HOCIIJUI na CBOjlIM TCJIIIMa, II ripen HapOAIIMa II l~apCBIIMa OrJIal11aBaJIII Hseroey CJIaBY.

Hehevo HaKOH rora ocyhnnara XPIICTOBC Y'ICHIIKC. Ilnanuiue sa CO- 60M It 3a oeuo« C60jO.W, pexao jc Tocnon, IIAyhlI nOA KPCTOM na fOJJrOTY (Jlx, 23; 28). OKPCIII1MO ce ce611 11 CBOjOj CaBCCTI1. TIoTpa)KI1MO Ogl'OBOP na CTpal11HO rurran,e: na JII1I1 MI1113gajeMo XpI1CTa') Ila JII1 fa II MIl npenajesro? Ila JII1 fa ce 11 MI1 OAPWICMO? Ila JII1 fa OCTaBJbaMO cavor Y nplIBIIAHOM MHOWTBY sepyjyhax?

MI1, MCi)YTIIM, HCMaMO HIIWTa MafbC n06YAa na My OCTalICMO BCpHII Hero WTO cy I1X I1MaJIII anOCTOJII1. HanpOTIIB, I1MaMO I1X 'IaK 11 BI1IUe: MI1 3HaMO sa Hserono sacxpcea,e, sa Hseroao bO)KaHCTBO, sa Iberoay n06CAY HaA cMphy. MI1 CMO TOKOM I~BC XI1JhaAC romma BI1ACJII1 Hserony no6CAY Hag 3JIOM uenor CBCTa. BIIACJIII CMO 11 BI1AI1MO 6JIlICTaBY CBCTJIOCT Hserosor ysersa, WTO je AOHCJIO cnac npOnaJII1Ma, BlIgl1MO npeoopaxaj, HcnpCCTaHI1 MOpaJIHII npeoopaxaj CBeTa: II nojemmax JbYAI1I1 BaCl\CJIOr '10Be'laHcTBa, ca CBIIM n.erOBIIM nopomrnrav, APYllITBeHIIM 11 Ap)KaBHI1M OAHOCI1Ma.

Mei)YTI1M, ynpaso Hac MaJIogYWHOCT 11 nJIaIllJbI1BOCT, KOjl1 ce HWIlIM He Mory o6jacHlITI1 HI1TII ce Mory OnpOCTI1TII. 'ICCTO nOACTWIY Ha nanajy XpaCTa. MI1 hYTIIMO 0 CBOjOj sepa, MIl je CKplIBaMO Ay60KO Y CPl\Y xana OKO Hac onjexyjy XYJIC, rropyre II noncaesaa,a HaA XpI1lUhaHCTBOM. KaA ce XPIICTOBO Y'lefbe APCKO IICKplIBJbyje II norpernuo TYMa'IH na 61I ce npaxpane 'IOBeKOBe HIICKe CTpaCTII.

MI1 CMO crrpexora na ce OApeKHeMO Xpl1CTa KaA Hac HIIWTaBHa CJIYWKI1- fba - JIa)KHa 6e36o)KHa HaYKa, xoja je y CBeMY 3aBlICHa IT HIT caua He nocenyje I1CTIIHY, sajenn.ano IT npexopao mrra, xao arrOCTOJIa Ilerpa: jecn JII1 II I'll ca I1CyCOM Ha3apchaHIIHOM? Y CKJIaAY ca AYXOM IT crpevrsen.ea MOAe, 6ygyhl1 poncxn llOKOPHI1 MIIWJhCJhY sehane, MIT ca paayueaan.ev npnxsarasro TaKBa APYIIITBeHa IT Ap)KaBHa y-ren.a, TaKBe MI1CaOHe IT )KIIBOTHe TOKOBe Y KOjlIMa O'IlIrJICAHO HeMaIII1TITjeAHcrrOMIICJII1.HIITITjeAHcjeAl1Ilepe.IlIO sepa 11 XpITWhaHCTBY. Kao IT flI1JIaT, HIT MIT ce He ycyi)yjeMo na y THM TpeHYl\IIMa 1.10 xpaja acrpajexio y CBOjOj OAJIYl\H na oA6paHITMO XpHCTa IT, CHIICXOAJbIIBO 06jaBHBwH Hserony HeBI1HOCT aa )KHBOTHe nenahe, OIITY)KyjCMO fa sa CBe II ocybyjcuo na crpanan,e Iberoso TeJIO - U:PKBY, nosna-reha ce npen 6YKaH,CM H npern.ou rOMHJIe, aaoopaan.ajyha na THMe Castor Hcyca ocyi)yjCMO na pacnehc.

0, ['OMI1JIa, 3ajeAHwIKH y3BI1I~H, aajenan-rxo MHWJbefbC, BJIaCT YJIHl\C, rnac aehnne - eTO me je CTpaIIIHH HAOJI caBpeMCHOCTI1, eTO KPBO)KCAHor MOJIoxa KOjlI je nposcnepao, CrraJIHO H HCKopeHHo TOJII1KO CBeTI1X IJ06YAa, TOJIHKO Y3BI1IIICIIHX Te)KlhH 11 I1CTI1Ha! flHJIaT nnje snao, H HMje BI1AeO KaKO

Ceeiuiiieuoscyneuux Joean Bociiiopioe

Y OBOM 60JIIIOM -racy, 'lacy 60JIIIHX cehan.a, tlHHll JIaM ce Aa tlyjeMo PC'JI1 113MY'lelIor Focnona Xpncra, KOjC je mronopao anocronana y TCIIIKOM TpCH)'TKy Ibcronc oupourrajne ficceue na Tajnoj BCtlCPH 6~cCl~C TY)KHor

npexopa, -mja ce cnara OAIIOCH na CBa npenena H na CBC BCPYJyhc:. _

E60 gO,W3U -uu: II eeh je ooiuao, oa ce pa36eZiwiIie C6a1\l/ na CBO]Y aupa-

HY, a Meue caAUl ociuaeuiue (JII. 16; 32). .

Kaxo cy ce 6p30 II AO xpaja HCJIYHHJIC OBe CnaCHTCJI,CBC pCtIH! b~Jlo!e gOBOJI,IIO na Hscroaa nenpnjarcn,a asnajy 3anOBCCT: A1\O KO g03Ha zge te, uetca [aeu qa Fa yxeaiue (JII. 11; 57). Enna je, AaKJIC, AOBOJbHa TaKBa 3a110- BCCT na na fa CBI1 nanycrc.

OCTaBI1JIH cy fa OIlH KOjH cy uenasno y TOJIHKOM MHOWTBY H ca TOJIHKOM ycpnnourhy MWJIH sa lhl1M II cJIywaJII1 Hserono ytJefbc. OCTaBHJIH cy fa OIIH KOjH cy fa, Monro 611 cc pehM - jOlII jy-re gO'ICKaJIH C rraJIMHHHM rpan-nrllaMa, xao Ilapa, H KJIMl\aJIH My: "Ocanna! Ocamra!" Ha~IycTHJII1 cy fa II OHI1, Kojl1Ma je Y'IlIHIIO A06po 'IYACCHHM HCl\CJIClhHMa. EMo je npnuopan na y TajIlOCTI1 canpurn naCXaJIHY neuepy, Y cann.en ce MY'IHO H TyroBao y I'ercaMaHHjl1, y crpanan.y HenojMJI,I1BOM sa yM cruopeisa H y 60p6H np01:MB I~CKOBHor rpexa fuygM. 0, aKO 611 ce H3MCpl1JIe CBe Hserone rraTIL~ M jeuajn! OHe OM, npcva pe'LHMa CTap03aBCTHor CrpaAaJIIIHKa, iipeiiiei ne u UeC(lK MOpCKLI (JOB 6; 3). Ty cy 611JIlI lbtTOBI1 y'ICHHI\II. Mei)YTY!M, WTa .3aTHM BI1AHMO? JCAaH fa je H3Aao, gpyrl1 cy CrraBaJIH, jenan fa ce onpexao JCP ce ynnamno cnymxan,e, na 6M ce najsan CBI1 pa36e)KaJII1! Ha KpCTY je OH Caxr acnaurrao sa rpex I~eJIOr CBeTa. CaM je IIpeA JII1l\CM netia H 3CMJbe 0110 rrpnxosan na cpavno A~O, 06y3eT CaMpTHH'IKHM MYKaMa, OKPY)KCII HC gpyroBI1Ma 11 npHjaTCJI,I1Ma Itcro XYJIHTCJI,HMa H Hcrrpl1jaTeJbHMa.

Hehcvo ocyhasara rrJIal1IJbHBOCT XPHCTOBHX Y'ICIII1Ka. OHM cy BI1AeJIM caxro Hserony HeCJlaBHY CMPT, 11 jonr HC 6cxy Bl1):1eJII1 Hseroso aacxpcea,e ... Kan cy yr-nenann Bal:KpCJIOr XPHCTa, JhI1XOBa xpafipocr II oJ~Ba)KHOCT 6HJIe cy occxpajne. Tana jc 110 -nrrasoj 3eMJhH 113al11JIa H,I1XOBa 6JIarOBCCT, a IhH\{lBC pCtIH rro CBHM xpajennua BaCCJhCHC. Tana cy MYKaMa, KPBJI,y 11 cMphy IIC!o.:\,IIIUH KOJIe6aIhC, cnariocr 11 MaJIogYI11IIOCT, H Heno6HTHI1M cseno-ian(TB:'\I iKI!BOTa H CMpTI1 nocaeno-rana csojy BCPlIOCT XPI1CTY. Pane I'ocnon-

56

57

ce 06pa30BaJIa ra sehana xoje ce OH TOJUIKO vnnaiuao, xoja je XpI1CTa ocyAI1Jla na KpCT 11 Y:lBI1KI1BaJIa: "Y3MI1, Y3MI1, pacrnm fa!" OH HI1je snao na cy y TOj roMI1JII1 HeCYMlbI1BO 6I1JII1 npacynrn 11 OHI1, KOjI1 cy IIpe Cal\1O ner nana Ocyl)eIII1KY KJII1I\aJII1: "Ocanna!" OH IIl1jC BI1/\CO na cy Kp03 rOl\1l1JIY IIpOJIa- 3I1JIH IIOIICTpeKatII1, cnyre 6e36())KHHX uapO/\HI1X soha, lIoAcTWlyhI1 je na rpa)KI1 Ka311Y aa Hcyca, I1Jm TaKO llITO cy fa KJleBeTaJII1, I1JII1 TI1Me UITO cy I1X IIJIalIII1JII1 11 npC/\CKa3I1BaJII1 aecpehe I1JII1 nax TI1Me UlTO cy 11M npCTI1JII1 11 IIoTKynJhllBaJIl1 I1X. Iloociuauoiue HClp09. ETO, TO je OHa, BchI1Ha ~ 6e3JIWIHa, HeOWOBopHa, KOJIe6JbI1Ba 11 nenocrojana, nJIeH npsor yxeumor rosopnnxa 11 npenpenenor IIoACTpeKatIa! EY9yhu qa fbO.W HIlje yiipaen-ao euiuu 3aKOH eepe U .«OPWlHOCLUli II na cy je noxperane caxio 3CMaJbCKa KOPllCT llllHTepeCI1, OHa je OI~6al\I1JIa MeCI1jI1HO AYXOBHO l\apCTBO 11 3aMeHI1JIa ra MallITalbeM o 3eMaJbCKOM l\apCTBY. Ona jc 6e3YMHO HaBYKJIa Be'IHY cpaMOTY 11 nponacr na HeKaA 60r0I13a6paflll HapOII: Kp6 Hsezoeo na Hac II ua gel(Y naiuy ...

YIIOpHO 11 C>AJ1Y'1H0, OA nyure cc Tpa)KI1 ua ce cana 011 OHOI' napona, KOjI1 je Xpncra OCYAI10 na CMpT, pe-t II xutcao oxpeue xa nauren COIICTBeHOM naPOAY II OIII1M BJ)KHlIM AaHIlMa xoje OH vnpaso npexaan.aaa. TIl nana HI1CY Cai\1O Ba)KHll Hero II CTpaWHIIll K06HlI, jep ce Y IhI1Ma peutana CYA6llHa name oTaI,I6I1I1e. KOMe he cana Haw napon nosepara CBOj )KllBOT: nepyjyhaua llJIll uesepyjyluora? Xohe JIll OH YCTI1Ma CBOjI1X asaripaaaxa KJII1l\aTI1: Ocanna, IIJII1 he Y3BI1KIIBaTll: PaCIlHI1 fa, pacnna fa? Xohe JIll 011 Y HOBOM ypeben.y CBOI' IIp)KaBHOI' )KI1BOTa oxyaara nexanaunsy TC)KlhY na Y CBOM 3eMaJbCKOM, JbYACKOM napcrsy Tpa)KI1 ocrnapen.e aanaraxa, uan.esa II 3aKOHa Ilapcrsa He6eCKOl'I1 EO)KI1jel', CBC rtoorarpajyha Y CBeTrrOCTll nmue upasne, 1I0A PYKOBol)elbeM UpKBe Hcyca XpI1CTa -~ I1JIll he pasaaum.ara caxio 0 xnetiy, xohe JII1 OCTaTI1 cano npn 3eMaJbCKIIM I11ITepeCI1Ma? Xohe JII1 OCraTI1 sepaa Hcycy llJIll je TY)KHI1M pe'II1Ma XPI1CTOBllM: Meue caMU OClua6111ue OlIeT cyl)eHo Aa ce ncnyae?

Ilaran,a cy crpauma, Hama orauonna cryna na HOBll nyr )KllBOTa, npen naua je HOBa Pycnja ...

Onpocrn, onpocrn crapa, xan-anyronaum,a PYClljO! ITpeA HalllllM o-raMa cy 'Ill cynuna, OCY/\llJIll 're II AOHeJIll CMPTHY npeCYAY ... Crpanrae II HeMllJIOCpAIIC cynnje nJbYBaJIe cy rnoje naue, He nanaaehn Y Te6I1 anurra A06po. CYA je 6110 crpor, HeYMOJbllB II ficcnourrenan. CBC ce CJII1JIO Y jCAaH Y3BllK: )"3~!Il ra II pacmm!

3I1aMO II MI1 na TI1 HIIIlITa JbYACKO nnje crpaao: 3HaMO, Aa ca I1MaJla ~!Horu nenocraraxa. Mel)yTI1M, MI1 raxohe 3HaMO 11 BI1/\I1MO na CI1 Tll 6I1JIa Cnera Pycaja 11 na je 'rnoj uapon 6HO 60roIll)Cal\, aKO He Y CTBapHOCTH a OHAa y Be'IHO~1. HCyMprroM ll/\CaJIY naponne /\yme. TIl Cll pojtnna II onrajnna senn-

KIl napon, ca-rynanura ra Y A06a ropxax YAeJIa, y BaTpH llCTOPlljCKI1X I1CKYureisa Kp03 'IllTaB H1l3 BeKOBa. Tn Cll ponana 11 onrajana MHOlIITBO CBeTI1Te."ba II rrpaBeAIIIIKa; Tll HllCll nana non Yl\apl\llMa .. nOA TeWKllM YAapI~I1Ma CYA6llHe, Hero CI1, ClIa)KHa BepOM, non IbllMa ojauana. C TOM BepOM 11 BCJIIlKOM CI1JIOM nyxa 'I'll Cil rrOAHCJIa CBaKIl TepeT, CTBOpl1JIa ca a HaMa 3aBeWTa.ta 11 OCTaBI1JIa BeJII1KO uapcrso. 3601' csera 'rora TIl ce 110 3eMJbC 6JIarOAapHO KJIalbaMO.

EYAyhll, HOBI1 )KHBOT Pycnje je HCll:3BeCTaH. MeI)YTllM, isen XOI\ je aa Hac, nepyjyhe, canpuieno jacan. OH he Y l\eJIHHH 3aBI1CHTI1 01\ rora, xohe JIH Ham HapOI\ OCTaTll ca XPI1CTOM I1JIll he fa ce OAPchI1, xohe JIll nohn aa lbHM I1JII1 he fa ocrasara cavor. Hapon He cnacasajy HllTll ¢opMe )KllBOTa HHTll ¢OPMC BJIal\aBI1l1e: CBeTO CCMe, sepyjyha n 6JIal'O'leCTllBI1 JbYAH, OHlllllTO He casajajy KOJICHa npen caBpeMeHI1M Baamnra, xao Y BPCMC npopoxa Hnnje, nourrosaise Mopamlor saxona, yHYTpalIIlbe xpambaacrso, nocnyuran.e UpKBll ~- eTO nrra he ca'rYBaTI1 11 OCHa)KllTI1 CBaKO APYUlTBO II Ap)KaBY. Hapon, KOjH je aaoopasno He60, naje nocrojan Aa )KHBI1 lIH Ha 3eMJbll.

)KeJII1MO na ce ca cysaua MOJII1MO npen TI1M Tpofiou, Aa MOJII1MO 60- )KaHCTBeHOl' HCKyrrI1TeJba. BaCKpCHI1, Eoxce, cynI1 nauroj xpmuhaacxoj 3CMJbll, uapyj y n.oj Y aexone! ITOl\apI1 HaM, Llape, na y cxynurrnua 11 y BJIal\I1 6YAY JbYl\I1 CHa)KHe sepe, rrpOAYXOBJbeHOr YMa II Ay60Ke rr060)KHOCTll, KOjH nasrre na je CBeTO ceue ~ oncranax CBeTa II na iipaeeonociu 6eJlll'W uapoo a oa je tiesatcone ~ cpauoiua na uapoov (Ilpnse COJI. 14; 34).

Hexa Ham uapon He OCTaBll XPI1CTa Tocnona, nexa fa He ocrasn CaMOI'! BaCKpCHll, EO)Ke, 11 CYAll 3eMJbI1, jep Tn uapyjeur y sexone! AMllH. (Beceaa 113206opeHa ua Benuuu ueiiiax, iipeq iinauuuanuuou. U320BO-

pena y xpauv Xpuciiia Cuacutueno Y MOCK611)

Ca pycxor npeaeaai AHToHHHa naHTeJIHh

59 .bYIlCKIfX )!(IfBOTa. LJ,a 61f pesonyunja onnena nOTIIYHY I106eIlY, J1ClhIfH jc rrpBlI (~!aIla je, CBaKaKO, CCPCKTIIO yonurrno l\CnOKYIIHO npCTXOilHO IfCTOPlfjCKO lICKYCTBO) paspanao TCOPHjy II Y npaxcy cnponeo CHCTCM rorannor IlP)!(aBHUf repopa.

Kan ce ynopcIlc C TCpOpOM 60JhlllCBIIKa, cue IIpeTXO)~1I0 II CBC HapCIlHO Y TOj 06JIaCTII 6IIno je orpaHWICIiO npOCTopOM H IlpCMeHOM, CTcrrCIlOM cypoBOCTIf If MaCOBHOnIhy. J1elhHH jc YBCO xonnnoropc (1920. IIX je 6IIno OKO 90) II PCIlOBHO MaCOBHO crpersas.e ranaua, TO jCCT acrperin.cn,e aennxor 6poja .b YIlII KOjII [[II aa urra HHCY 611Jlll KpIIBH, 'IaK Hlf II3 nepcnexrane "penonynnOHapHIfX 3aKOHa". Jleu.un jc IIpBH y ncropnju IIHllIwpao MaCOBHY rnan pann ofipaxvua C HcnOKopHIfM CTalIOBHlfnITBOM CBOjC 3CMJbC; crpauma rJlaIl1921- 1922. onncna jc OKO nCT MHnIIOHa JbYilII. HHKO OCIIM J1elbIIHa HIIje TonIIKO KOPIICTllO Mcl)YIIapOI1IIII OJIOnI pailII ofipaxyna C yHYTpanIlhIIM ncnpnjare.TbeM. 011 3ap06JbCHIIX BojHIIKa Aycrpo-Yrapcxe, HCMa'IKC, l.£C!lIKC, TypCKe, JIlfTBaHCKllX CTpCJIal\a, KIIIICCKI1X 1106pOBOJballa, pesonyunonapa IIHTCplIal\IIOlIanIICTa casnao jc ynapnc, 3a!lITIITIIC, Ka3HeHe jCIIIIIII1IIC: "<PopMIIpalhC HCMa'IKo-Mal)apcKe I1IIBII311jC II] IIoCTojaHIIx 11 I\IICl\IIrrnI1HOBaHIIX enesicnara xpajn,e je CBPCI1CXOilHO" (renerpan IIPCIICCIlHIIKY CI1611PCKor pCBonY1IIIOHapHOl' KOMIITeTa). JIClbl1II je npBII y IICTOPIIjl1 ynorpeoao xeMIIjCKO opyxje pailII IICTpe6JhCH,a corrCTBCHIIX rpabana, !lITO he xacnaje ypann'I'll CailaM XYCCIIH. ITo napehen.y Jleisuna, 6C3 ncrpare cy 1I06lljCIIll CBll 'maHOBII uapcxe noponane, YKJbY'lyjyhll II neuy, xao If MHorII IbllXOBIf pohaun II cnyre (BIIIUC OI1'lCTPIlCCeT JbYIlII). KpBaBII 06pa'1YH C rJ1aBOM IIp)!(aBC II n.erOBOM rrOpOIlI1IIOM 6IIO je 6C3 npccenana Y HOBOj II aajaosnjoj ncropajn: <ppaHuycxa peaonyunja je yoana KpaJba, ann nocne rora nnjenaa Y3yprraTop II nnxrarop nuje CMCO na Y'II1Hll 6Hno urra cnWIHO.

Tpe6a peha na cy CBll IlHKTaTOPll 'II1IIllnlf 3nO'lIIHe pana HeKC yasmueHC II 1I03llTI1BHe MIITOnOrlljc, mpaxene aa jC3IIKy csoje nannonanue xynrypc. Xnrnep jc MaIUTao 0 "Bermxoj HCl-.!a'IKOj" xao "Xan.anyronmmsen Pajxy", rrOIIITOBao je repnancxn ell 0 HII6cJlYH3IIMa II My3IIKy Pnxapna Barncpa. 3a Mao Lle Ilynra, BCJII1Ka KHHa je 6llna "Ilonneoecxa nsmcpaja' ca 1f3BeCHllM enenerrruna KOHcpY'II1jaHcTBa. CBIf nnxraropa cy 6llJIll sa aeurro If Jill HCKor CCHTllMeHTamlO aesana, llnH cy seurranxa crnapann cuenorpaCPlljy aa noxasaaan,e CBOjllX JbYIlCKHX KBaJII1TCTa. J1ClbHH je y TOMC 6HO 6C3 npeccnana: Mp3CO jc CBe y PYCHjH If Hl1jC cnarpao BpCI1HHM nnurra y 'IOBe-rancrny. l.£aK je II KpBaBII CraJbHH IIMao IlCl\Y H KaTKal1 6llo nooponyuran rrpCMa lhllMa.

CBC BPCI~HOCTH II cncrnn,e, BIIIlOBe II CPOpMC IIOpCTKa y CBCTY, CBC n.yI1C, Jlcn.an je nenpecrano 113JIaraO l\IfHWIIIllM I101ICMCCI1Ma II noranav norp-

58

3JIOQlIHCTBO II rEHIIJAJIHOCT* JIEffiMH:llPACJIIIKAAHTIIXPIICTA

HCOCIIoplia je jCl\llHCTBCIIa YJIora Jlea.nua y PYCKOj xaracrpodm 1917. rOIlIIHC II y rJI06aJIHllM KaTaKJHI3MaMa XX BCKa xojy je OHa naaanana. I'panAll03HOCT Y'II1lhCIIOI' CTBOpllJIa jc pacxoumy MllTOJIOmjy, na cc 0 TBOPl\Y najKpBaBIIjc IlIIKTaTYpc Y IICTOPlljll HCPCTKO roBOPH xao 0 "BCJIIIKOM XYMaHIICTII", "renajanaon nomrrasapy", "'lOBCKY BllCOKC xyrrrype". 3a IICTllHllTO rromran,e J1ClhllHOBC nojane aeonxomro jc ocnorionara ce "xYMaHllCTI1'IKllX" KYJIIICa II IIccpllHIICaTll OHO lIITO jc nocenouao cajro Jlen.nn, II HllKO OCllM u.era, Hajsaxmrje KOII Jlen.mra jCCTC iserona llilCOJIOlliKa MaHlljaKaJIHOCT, oncernryrocr paaapaa.eu, anCOJIYTHll l\llHll3aM II nenocrojan,e npanmma, 3601' 'Icra je OH nOCTaO npBII y Hll3Y xpsasax nnxraropa XX BCKa: Crarsnna, Xnrnepa, Mao Ile LJ,YHra, no ITOTa, KllM I1JI Cynra II HII3a MalhllX, npa 'ICMy cy csa OHll, sa osaj IIJIll onaj Ha'HIH, 611nH J1ClhllHOBII Y'ICHlll\ll. To JCCT, onn cy YCBOjllJIII II HaCTaBllnII MHOI'O Oil oaora na UITa ce Jlea.nn, xao rrpsa y llCTOPIIjll, OI\JIYlII10. AJm IIllKO mrje npenaamuao Y'Il1TCJba, jep nexa 01\ J1clhllHOBllX ncna xacnnje HIIKO III1jC ycrreo na nOHOBll.

Ilpe csera, Jlen.an je 110 canpmencrsa IlOBCO xcauerrr PCBOJIYIIIIoHapHOI' ocaajaa.a BJIaCTH, aapan -rera je Oil "KJIaCHKa" counjanaava II MapKCII- 3Ma npeyseo CBC lllTO je 6llJIO HeOIlXOIlHO, Oll6al\yjyhll HCMI1JIOCPIlHO CBC IlITO jc 6llJIO 3aCTapeJIO IIJIII "npennure XYMaHO" . PYKOBOIlChII CC TllMC, Jlen.an je npsa Y IICTOPlljlI CTBOPll0 MaCOBHY pCBOJIYl\ll0HapIIY naprnjy ca311aHY na cyPOBOj IIIIC1lllI1JIllHll II xpsa. Jleisna je paspanao TaKTllKY PCBOJIYIIll0HapHOr npespara, xoja je KOpllCTIIJIa IICKYCTBO CBllX rrpCTXOIIHllX PCBOJIY1lllja; lhCH IllIHWIHIf anroprrrau ovoryhno je na cc IICCPIIHlllllY CBa cnafia MCCTa BnaCTII xojv jc Tpc6aJ10 cBprHyTII, CBlI MoryhII OCJIOHl\ll Y npyurrny, xao If CBII CTBapHl! npOTIfBIII1Illl xojeje rpefiano yhyrxaru llJIII rrpBeHCTBCHO yHllIlITIITII. HIIKO nrc .Icn.ana anje TaKO 1IllHI1'IHO II CypOBO norpaono BJIaCT, pyurehn na CBOM :1\-;y eBC ITpIIIIl\llrrC 11 CBC CBCTllfbC. 3aTllMjc Jlen.an ycrteo na 3CMJI,y rypne y :",c,'.ia~!Ho CYPOB II KpBaB rpahancxa par, KOjl1 je OIlliCO neTHaCCT MllJIll0Ha

. CBI~ 1I11T3T11 Y TCKCTY, OCHM aKO He nume 11~1C fbHXOBor aYTopa, cy J1efbHHoBII - 3 J

60

61

naxra. Eephajes jc Jleu.nua 3BaO "rennjea nCOBa'IKI1X 113pa3a". Kojl1Ma je "uaurhasao" HC caxio HCnpl1jaTCJbC, nero 11 Haj6nl1)KC cafiopne: "YBCK Y3MCMO HCKO r ... aa excnepre ... Onour 11 l)y6pc, KOjC HI1Kan HC I10nHOCI1 pa'lytlc ... IIay'II1TC TC rOB .. pc Aa 036I1JLIIO onronapajy ... l1AlfOTKl1Iha ... hy/\ana II (OBO nOCJICI~fbe cy 113pa:m xoje je KOPlfCTl10 aa Poay Jlykccvfiypr). HcnpCCTaHO je ncosao MajKY na cacramnoaa csoje "najotipaaonaanje" nnane. Ha 'raj lIa'II1H, JICtbl1H CC noaamao xao 'IOBCK 'Ilfja jc jennna spennocr 6lfJIa TOTaJIHO pasapan-e caao 110 CC6lf. Jlen.an je 0110 lfAcOnOI1lKlf MalllfjaK KOjl1 CC nojasao y lfCTOPl1jl1 If cacsaa OCTBaplfO CBOjC naronourxe cpaHTa3l1jc.

Pann ocrsapen,a ACMOHCKC orrCC)J,HYTOCTI1 HconXO)J,Ha je Moh )J,p)KaBIIC BnaCTI1 xoja CC KOH~CHTpI1CaJla y jcnHI1M pyxava, a YCMcpCHa jc na npanpeMJbCHO KPBOJlOlliTBO, TO jCCT HconXO)J,Ha je aeorpaun-rena AlfKTaTypa: "HaY'IHlf nojan naxrarype HC 03Ha'IaBa anurra npyro aero HIfLIlfM HcorpaHH'ICHY, HlfKaKBHM 3aKOHlfMa If anconyrno HlfKaKBHM npasanaaa HC3aY3)J,auy, BJlaCT xoja CC HcnocpC)J,1I0 nacnaisa na aacan,e ". Jacno je na Hlf y xaxnoj Hay~lf TaKBC )J,CCPI1lIlf~lfjC HCMa, OClfM y nayua aannorrsaurraa, 'Ilfjlf je ncnpCBa311l)cHI1 MajCTOP 6110 l1JbIfLI. Ana yaohen,e "HaY'lHOr nojna" je HcorrXOAHO na 6H cc CTBOpHO npHBlf)J, YTcMeJbCHOCTlf - MaKap sa lfHTeJICKTyaJI~C )KCJI,HC cauoofiaane.

'4YBeHa cpopMyJIa "nnxrarypa nponerapnjara" 3Ha'II1JIa je JIWIHY )J,lfKTaTYPY BOl)C y naprnjn 11 y 3CMJblf, llITO Jlen.an naje Hlf KpHO: "PC'Il1 0 jC)J,HaKOCTH, CJI(60)J,lf If AeMOKpaTl1jl1 cy y CaL(allIfbl1M OKOJIHOCTI1Ma - rpyhan,e ... Jour 1918. ja caM YKa3HBao na HconXO)J,HOCT BJIaCTH jC)J,HC JIlf'IHOCTI1, aeonXO)J,HOCT naaan,a jC)J,HOM nmiy AlfKTaTOpCKI1X osnaurhen,a, ynpaBo lf3 nepcnexrase cnponohen.a cosjercxe uneje ... Heua fiaur HHKaKBor nporuspeuja lf3MCl)y cosjercxor (cO~l1jaJIlfCTIfLIKor) neMOKpaTH3Ma HIIPHMCHC AI1KTaTOpCKC BJIaCTlf nojenanaua ... KaKO MO)KC na ce 06C36C)J,11 jCAI1HCTBO BOJbC? I1OT'IlffbaBafbeM BOJbC xan.ana BOJblf jennora ... BOJbY KJlaCC KaTKaJ\ ocrsapyje )J,lfKTaTOp, KOjH he cau 'IeCTO 60JbC ypamrra OHO llITO je nOTpc6HO If xojn je 'ICCTO neonxonan". Y TOMC Jlen.nn nnje CJIC)J,lfO PYCKC rpanmmjc, Hero MapxCOBO Y'ICfbC, jep je MapKC nponerapnjary npopauao )J,Ba)J,CCCTaK, a, aKO TpC- 6a, If nC)J,CCCTaK ronana KJlaCHlfX 60p6lf If rpahaacxor para, "HC caxto na 611 6lfJIlf npoveu.ena nocrojehu YCJIOBlf, aero )J,a 6lf ce If can nponerapajar 113- MCHlfO". "Bojna KOMYHII3aM" TO je "KOMYHlfCTlf'IKII MaHlIcpCCT" Mapxca II Enrenca na nCJIy. AJIII aKO cy CJIe)J,6CHlf~1I Jlen.aaosa 6lfJIlf cavo fbcrOBlf errHrOHI1, rrpCTXO)J,HII~H H3rJICAajy cavo xao reopermapn aIICTpaK~HOHI1- CTII KaA ce IIOpCL(C C JICfbllHOBHM caTaHCKIIM THTaHl13MOM aa neny.

o 6eCnpl1MCplloj I\I1HlI'lHoj If caraucxoj JIa)KJI,I1BOCTI1 Jlcn.nna nncao jc npodiecop C. r. I1YllIKapCB: "HapaBHO, rrOJII1TI1Ka- TO je npodiecaja y xojoj je TCllKO ca'IYBaTl1 MOpaJIHY 'II1CTOTY. MHOrl1 rrOJIlfTlf'IKI1 )J,CJIaTHlfI~lf AaBaJII1 cy

o6chalba xoja xacmrje HIICY I1CnYfbaBaJII1, I1JII1 cy HCIIOCPCAHO 00Mafb11Ba.111 HapOJ\, aJII1 nnxan Hl1jC 6l1JIO TaKO pasnospcnor 11 BCIIITor MajCTopa rrOJIlITI1'IKC o6MaHC KaKaB jc 6HO Jlen.an. CBC napOJIC KOjC je ll36a~llo 1917. rOAllHC, CBa oriehau.a y BC3H ca OCHOBHllM III1TalbllMa ynyrpaunse II cnorsamn,e nonaTlfKC 6llJIa cy ynanpen CMlfllIJbCHa 06MaHa - CaCBI1M y CKJIa)J,y C fbcrOBlfM MOpaJIOM. EBo HCKOJII1KO rrplfMcpa JIa)KHllX napona 11 ofiehan,a. OCHoBHa rrapo.ta (11 rnaBHI1 ~IIJb): "CBa BnaCT coajerana panHlf'IKI1X II CCJba'IKlfX ncnyrara, a xoje jc 113a6pao cas paL(Hll napon". Hancpa: ueorpaua-rena BJlaCT ("AIIKTaTYpa") KOMynl1CTWIKC naprnje. I1apOJIa: II 3CMJI,a CCJI.a~UMa": rrpOrpa\l: Haunonannsaunja 3CMJbC, TO jeer BJIaCT )J,p)KaBC Ha)J, 3CMJbOM. Ilapona (1917): "IlpoBCpllTII CBaKU xopax ocpllI\lfpa II rCHCpaJIa". Ocrsapeu,e: HajCTpO)Ka )J,llC~IIII.TIlfHa y UPBCHOj apxmja ca npasoxr nOCTaBJbeHllX xoxannapa na crpen.ajy ncnocnyume BOjHUKC. Ilapona: "Orturrn nenoxparcxa Mlfp". Hanepa; opraHll30BaTl1 "peaonyuaonapne parosc sa ocsajan.e Espone".

Kan cy CBOjy yJIory onarpane IIPC/~oKT06apcKc aHapxoKoMYlIllCTWIKC rrapoJIc (BJlaCT cosjernaa, 3CMJhY - CCJI,a~lfMa, rpafipnxe -- pannll~llMa), YCMCPCHC na PYllICfbC crapor pC)KllMa, Jlen.aa je 3aXTCBao na naprnja nanal)c cpa3Y pCBOJIy~lfoHapHor nepena H na ce M06lfJIlfUIC pana crnapan.a pesonynnonapnor noperxa, Tpc6a peha Aa JICfbHH HlfKan HHjC MClhao CBOjC CTpaTCIIIKC ~I1JhCBC, aJIH jc 6HO aupryos rrOJII1Tll'IKllX OKOJIHOCTH, na je y HMe ocnajan.a If sanpacanan,a BJIaCTII YBCK 6lfO cnpenan na MCfua - CBC AO nornyHO cynporne TaKTHKC. 3aTo cy rrOCJIe oxroriapcxe PCBOJIYUlljC napone noCTalIC paAHKaJIHO npyraxaje.

Hapasno, ycnocrann.au.e HOB or noperxa HlIjC Morno )J,a npohe 6e3 OTrropa npYIlITBa. MaAa je OH na rrO'ICTKY 6110 cna6 If neoprannsonan. AJII1 rnaaHlf HL(COJlor jc OAaBHO npC)J,BI1)J,CO na je IIOBO HCMoryhc ocrnaprrra 6e3 MaCOBnax penpecannja: jour 1914. OH jc Tpa)K110 na ce "m,mcpHjaJIHC'TWIKH par npeTBOpH y IICMlfJIOCpgHlf rpahancxa par". 11 60JbllCBlf~lf cy Taj par nOKpCHYJIII y 3CMJblf ca CBOM MoryhoM cyponourhy. PC3YJITaT je 6HO TaKaB Aa jc penpecasHH aasiajau "BCJIl1KOr rcpopa" npopanao rrYHOM napov: JIa)K 11 nacnn.e, HaCHJI,C H JIa)K cv lIaI13MCIIll'IHO KOBaJIH HOBor 'IOBCKa II YlIlfllITaBaJIH nenoxopne.

I103II~Ta je HCJbYJ\CKa CypOBOCT C KOjOM je JIelbHH HaMCTao "~PBCHII TCpOp", man.yh« J\lfpCKTI1Be 60JbllIeBll'IKHM Bol)aMa: "HeorrXOAHO jc cnpoBCCTH HCMHJIOcpgaH MaCOBHI1 TCpOp rrpOTI1B KYJIaKa, nonona, fienorapnejaua. CYMlblfBC aareapara y KOHl\CHTpa~110HI1 norop BaH rpaAa ... Tpc6a nOBCharn CHCPrHjy 11 MaCOBHOCT repopa ... OTBOPCHO ncraha Ha'ICJIHO If nOJIHTll'IKH onpasnano (a HC cavo jyPI11\ll'IKlf YCKO) cran-e, KOjC MOTHBHIIIC cynrruay If onpannan,e Tcpopa ... Cyn He CMC na yxnan.a TCpOp ... nero ga ra Ha'ICJIIIO sacayje H 03aKOHI1, 6e3 JII1~CMcpja If cpacaAC".

62

63

Kao npencennnx nnane, JIClhHH jc CraJIHO Tpa)!(HO noja-ran,e penpecanuja: "YBecTH MaCOBlII1 Tepop, CTpeJI,aTH 11 npcreparn CTOTHIIC np()CTHTYTKI1 xoje aasone aojnnxe, 6HBIJIe O(tJl1I(l1pe, HTII. HH Ml1l1VTa -rexan.a" (y HH)!(lbH Hosropon): "CTpen,aTI1 3aBepCHI1Ke H KOJIC6JI>I1B1ie, III1Kor HC HC~II1TVjyha H He nOIIYUlTajYftH H,T1HOTCKO onyroanauen.e" (y CapaTOB); "Ilon M~CKOM "3CJIeHOr xanpa" (HOCJIe ftCIY10 na IhHX TO H CBaIlI1TH) BCUIaTH 'Il1HOBHlIKC, fiora'rame, nonose, KYJIaKe, rrJICMCTBO. Y6HIlaMa HCIIJlaftl1BaTI1 no CTO xan.ana Py6aJI,a ": "IT pCnJIa)!(CM ncrpary 11 crpen.an,e OHI1X KOjII cy Kpl1BH sa 3eB3C'IelbC"; "E HJIO 611 cpanao KOJIc6aTH cc H HC CTpeJhaTH sa neonamnau,e na BOjHH rr03IIB"; "IToC'raBIITII CBOjC crapennme II CTpeJI,aTII 3aBepcHIIKc H KOJIe6JI,HBI~e, IIIIKOr HHWTa IIC narajyhn, HC nonynrrajyhn IIAHOTCKO OTe3an.e" (orrYHoMoheHIIKY Hapxouupona): "06aBc3Ho 06CCHTH, na napon BHnH, He MalbC 011 CTO rr03HaTHX KYJlaKa, 6oraTawa, xpnonnja. 06jaBHTH IbHXOBa IIMClIa ... Y'Il1HHTII TaKO na na CTOTlmy BpCTa HaOKOJIO napon BlInH, I1PXTI1, 3Ha, BII'IC: TaMaHC II norauanmne KYJIaKC-KpBorrHje (napenria ynyheaa y ITeHsy). Y pe30JIYI(HjII na rrHCMY ]JCP)!(HHCKOM nOB0,T10M MIIJII10Ha 3apo6n,eHIIX K03aKa: "Crpcn.arn l1X CBe,T10 jennora".

Y AOKYMeHTY KOjH jc IIOTIIHCaO CBepnJIOB, 'mjH cy IIOJIa311H CTaBOBH JIelbHHoBH, "CBHM OJlrOBOpHHM npyroeana xojn pane Y K03a'IKHM 06JIaCTHxra": "HeOrrXOJlHO jc na CC aa jCIlHHO HCIIpaBHY npOrJIaCH 60p6a ca caMHM BpXOBHMa K03aUITBa rrYTCM lbHXOBor HCTpc6JI,Clba CBHX AO jenner ... CnpoBeCTH MaCOBHH TCpOp nporas 60raTHx K03aKa, n06HBUIII HX CBe: cnpOBCCTl1 ~laCOBHH HCMHIIOCPAHl1 TCpOp npcua CBHM K03aqHMa yonurre, KOjH cy Y'ICCTBOBaJIH, nenocpenao IIJIl1 nocpenno, y 6op6H npOTYIB COBjcTcKe B.TlaCTH". Y notia JICIhHHoBor n,YAO)](}ICPCKOI' pe)!(HMa xao 06l1'IHO 113rJICnaJIO jc aapehen.e Tyxa'IeBCKOI' sa ryuren,c ycranxa Ta60BCKHX CCJhaKa: "IIIYMC Y KOjmla ce 6alInl1TH KPHjy O'Il1CTI1TH OTPOBHHM l'aCOBHMa npCI(H3HLl rrpopaxynasina na 06JIaK aarytun.asax racosa 6ync paBHOMcpHO pacnopehcn I10 'lI1- rasoj myva, YIIHlIITaBajyhlI CBe UITO ce y n.oj KPHjC".

fI .

• elbHH .IC aenpesasaben xao reopern-rap H npaxrn-rap (iopfie rrpOTHB

Eor a. PCJIl1rH03Ha 06JIaCT 6HJIa je npenaer n.erone HapO'IllTC "CTpeJI,a'IKe" '":.lA-:lbC: Tlonose rpeoa XanCHTl1 xao KOIITpapeBOJIYI(HOHapC H cafiorepe, crpe:.::~\ hll IlX HeMHJIOCpnHO H CByna. 11 nITO BHIne" (1. Maj 1919. ro,T1IIlIC, Bepi.':Z:JCk,"! l. Iloaonon npaanosan,a Cneror HHKOJIC, 25. JlCIleM6pa 1919. rona:cc .1c!bl!H I!CTlI'IC: "fJIYIlaBo je MHpHTH cc C "HHKOJhD,aHOM" , rpcoa noxpeny-:I' ',doJkTC .ta crpen.ajy CBe xoja IIHCY nOIIIJIH na nocao 3601' "Haxon.naua". Y :-:j~':W, "!.':I'lTl)BY 19. MapTa 1922, HaCJIOBn,CHOM na CBe 'maHOBe ITOJIHT6H:'_1. _'1c~~!H k3TCroPWIKH 3aXTeBa: "Tpc6a uajO,T1JIY'IHHjc H najcypounje sana-:I! :- J.1~ ;:;: ,]:'!!l)CT,lTI1HalIIKOM cBclIITeHcTBY H TO TaKO D,a ynapau ne 3a60paBC

\ TOKY HeKOJIHKO HapCD,IIl1X l~eI(eHHja ... WTO BHUle peaxunonapne 6yp)!(Oa3Hjc II peaxnnonapnor CBCllITCIICTBa THM nonono« crpen.asro, THM 60n,e. Tpe6a calla HaY'lHTH naMCTH Ty rocnony TaKO na y TOKY HCKOJIIIKO Hape,T1HHX I~C[WUH.13 He CMCjy HH na I10MHCJIC na lIeKH OTIIOp" . l1cxoll oaora jc 6HO na jc JIClbHII y PYCHjH nOKpeHYO najnacommje H aajxpsanajc peJIHrH03HC nporone y HCTOpnjn, acrpcrin.yjybn BCPHHKC H JIaMehyhH PC)!(I1M D,p)!(aBlwr areasua. fHYCHO I1COBalbe penarnje H UpKBe Kan I'()D, je TO Moryhc, kao H JI,ynO)!(nCpCKH sanoc y 60p6H rrpOTHB CBellITCIl('TBa H BepHHKa rOBOpI1 0 TOMC Jla je JIelbHH 6110 ,1IICCnHYT MaHHjoM 60rOMp3a'lKOr TI1TaIlH3Ma.

Ha Taj aa-nnr. MaCOBHOCT II nocnemma Jlen.auoae D,CJIaTHOCTH cy crnapHO orponne. AJIH IIa3HBaTH ra 360r rora "BeJIHKHM nOJIIITWlapcM" H "renajaJIHHM 'IOBCKOM" 3HalIH HC CXBaTaTH IbCI'OBY cyurruny. OCHoBHa xapaxrepaa upra Jlen.nnona 611JIa je KPBOJIO'IHOCT 6C3 npecenana CBHX n.eroaax nocrynaxa: no orpoanocrn, TC)!(HHH H cynTHJIlIOCTH cBOjHX 3JIO'lHHa OH je YIlHxanaa, 3aTO je JIClhHH, npc cncra, najscha 3JIO'lHmUI y HCToPlIjH. A pacnpaBe 0 TOMe KOJIHKO jc TaKaB 'IOBCK 6HO "xyuau". "HHTeJIHrCHTaH", "rrOlIITeH xao CYHI(e" H TaKO nan.e - Mory D,a noxpchy caxro n,yD,II nocycranor MOpaJIa. MHorII OA OHHX KOjH IIpH3Hajy 'IYJlOBHllIIIOCT onora llITO je JIClbHH Y'IHHHO CKJIOHII cy pOMaHTH3aI(HjH JIHKa 3JIO'IHHI~a: aKO CC HeKO YCYJlHO ,T1a OA6aI~H CBe Moryhe npojase 'IOBe'IlIOCTH, na norasn CBC TpaD,HI~Hje, 3aKOHC, ~1OpaJIna Ha'IeJIa, CBCTlIlbe, D,a nponnje Mope KpBH, ann aKO npa TOM OHO llITO je vpanao HMa rJIo6aJIHII xapaxrep II HCTe TaKBe I10CJIeD,H~e, onna je OH, MaKap OHO H 3JIO'IHHaI(, nnax rCHHjaJIaH 3JIO'lHHaq, a TO 3Ha'lH na "HMa npaso' H na je y MHorOMC onpannano TO UITO je ypanno. KyJIT HanOJIeOHa cy pa306JIH'IaBaJIH H JIaB Toncroj H <I>joD,Op J],OCTOjCBCKH, aJIH CIIH,T1POM HarrOJICOIICTBa KOjH je ,T1y60KO nponpo y nynry "MaJIor -roacxa" npaxropasa ra na npanna 3JIO'IIIHCTBO: llITO jc OHO MacoBHlIje, THMe CC xaxiue CeJIH II3 06JIaCTII 3JIOnCJIa II JIeI'HTHMHUIC xao aeurro rCHlljaJIHO.

Me!)yTIIM, aKO ce JIHK JICIbHHOB carnena 6e3 npenpacyna, MO)!(e CC BHnCTH na 011 naje HMao HHIIITa OJI BpJIHIla rennja. OlIO lllTO je OH ypanno OMOryhana My jc 3BcpCKa CypOBOCT H 3J106a, ailCOJIYTlIH I~HHH3aM H !)aBOJICKa eaepruja pasapau.a. ITpoce'IHI1 yM H OCPCD,lbC cnoc06HOCTH JIClbHHOBC TOMC HHCY 6HJIe npenpexa. HanpOTIIB, HCnOCTaTaK 1lII1pOKOr H YIIHBCp3aJIHOr pasMHllIn,alba, xao H OACYCTBO MHorHX n,yD,CKHX KBaJIHTeTa, OJIaKllIaBaJIH cy My na ce ycpencpena na maBHH nocao csor )[(HBOTa - 6aHJlHTII3aM, nn.a-rxan,e, D,p)!(aBHC ynape, y6HCTBa. Ha 'raj Ha'IIIH, HCIIOCTaBIba ce na je HCTHHCKH I'CHHjaJIHH ITyllIKHH H onne y rtpany: renaje H 3JIO'lHH cy 3aHCTa HeCIIojHBH.

"pCB CO:

BJI3~UMUp JJ:UMUTPUjCBUh

64

65 30pC, cnan.yjy CTOJICTHa snan,a, 1136a~yjy Kp03 nposop I1MOBI1HY CCJbaKa OTpOBaHl1X 1ll1hcM, MY'IC cexapaua 11 BI1JIaMa KOlbC 11 )l(I1BOTl1lhe, najan-re 11 sece.1C ce na 3rapl1111TI1Ma 11 na xpajy - KaKO CKpHaBC xpanonc? Hncy JIll OHI1 HaBCJII1 na 6CCOMY'IHOCT cpaGpl1'IKY 11 CCOCKY MJIaIlC)I(, xoja uacrasn.a lIa 113a- 311Ba crpax 11 rpeuer KOI~ CTallOBHl1111TBa - nan.eaanaaa, Kpa~oM, 1I0hHl1M 06CCHI1M 1II1pOBalbCM, npern.ana, OCBCTOM 11 oll6aql1BalbcM Bora l1 cncra lIITO ic CBCTO I1l1parO(IIClIO) PYCI1Ma?!"

[OIll1Ha 1917-a 3HaTliO je rrpCBa311IlIJIa CBC nperxonne IICPl10llC PYCKC I1CTOPHjC [[0 CTenClIY ycajau,a cnora 6e3YMJba 11 pacrroMaMJbCIIOCTlI: "3JII1 IIYCI1 cy ce YCCJII1JII1 Y JWIIIC JbYIlI1 11 napon Pycuje je lIOCTaO OIlCCIlHYT, 6yKBaJIHO 6ccoMy1IaH ... ", - III1CaO je lIy60KI1 PYCKI1 60rOCJIOB, 611BlIIH AYXOBHI1K UapCKC noponaue enacxon Teorpan ITOJITaBCKI1. "Ynpaso cana je na IICJIY onajan.e cJI0601laMa, paaysnanourhy H lICKa)l(lbl1BOlllhy, - ccha cc TC rOI~I1HC KlIC3 )KcBaxoB, -III1BJba'IKO, HC3aJlP)l(I1BO pyrau.e MOpaJIy 11 saxony, ncnojuJbI1Ba carancxa 3JIo6a 11, pasyac ce na cy y TaKBI1M rrpl1JII1KaMa 611110 KaKBI1 noxyuraja ypa3YM.TbI1BaH,a cauo pacnan.anann crpacrn" (" Y crrOMCHC" , TOM npyrn, CTp. 14). no MI1111JhClb y CPJ1Jlococpa Hsana l1JblIHa. pCBOJlYUl1ja 1917. ronane 113HCJIa jc na BI111CI10 CBC HlICKC CTpaCTI1 11 nopoxe pvcxor napona, OTBOPI1BUJI16c311aH OH01' aajrpexosnajer, najnonaajer H HajuCCTI1AHl1jcr, xpajIbC rpyrior 11 HCMI1JIOCpIIHor. l.J:I1HI1JIO CC lIa ce can naxnean nnanea pa36YKTao HaA PYCHjOM 11 na je 6C36poj ranapnncxnx .TICmOHa HC'Il1CTI1X nyxona cnonao lbeH opraamaa 11 cPyuII10 AO TCMeJba CBa MOpaJIHa Ha'ICJIa, yKJby'lyjyha CI1CMeliTapHe HOPMC nonauran.a, Mebycoona 03.n06JbeHOCT 11 HeKaKBO HeCXBaTJbI1BO '10BCKOMp3Hl1alllTBO rrOpa311JIO je MH01'C. Tana Hl1je 611JIO relllKO y611TI1 HeBI1HOr nonexa, Cll1l1,a'1KaTH, rropYUII1TI1, 3anaJIHTI1. 11 cnorsna 11 ynyrpaunsa Herrpl1jaTCJI,11 PyCHjC, KOpl1CTCim parae [[OTeIIlKOlic, BCIIlTO cy paCrraJbI1BaJII1 rpeXOBHC crpacrn pyri.e. nOA rrOMaMHOM HaBaJIOM TI1X cnara "Pycnja je nana, 060pcJIa pCBOJIY~l1jOM, - rmcao je B. (I>. l1BaHoB, - 6am y nepnony aajseher passoja" ("PYCKa I1HTeJIl1rCH~l1ja 11 MaCOHCTBO ... ", crpJl ). "'!;aBOJICKa sauepa rrpOTI1B Pycnje H n.eaor Ilapa" (cI>. Busfiepr) je ycncna.

Osaj nan 60rOHOCilC /\p)l(aBC npanpewan je y TOKY HCKOJII1KO croneha 11 Eor ra je 6110 nonycrno 3601' TCurKI1X rpexosa pycxor napona: "3601' rrpcspen.a csor BO)l(aHcK01' npasnau,a Pycaja ce npenana nenpajaren.y pona '10- aennjer 11 nocrana caraaoxparnja. Hacrana jc nornyna 06Y3CTOCT (oncenHYTOCT) 3J1I1M IIYCI1Ma, OHa jc OBJIailaJIa BOAchl1M xpyroaava npynrrsa - II pYCKa BCJIWII1Ha je cpyurena. J],aHaUIlbl1 xaoc npoyapoxosan rnahy npnponHO _ic HaCJIC~C Coajernje" ("PYCKI1 IToKJIOHI1K" 320, CTp. 89; 1999 r.).

"Kao H cI>paH~ycKa XVIII CTOJICha, Pycnja jc npouina Kp03 IlCpIlOJ~ IIOTnynor JIYIlI1JIa, II calla cano Kp03 crpanan.e II Cy3C no-nm.e na ce onopann.a

PEBOJlYQIIJE II 'BABOIIMAHOCT

Fpex je CiOMpa'lUO Haw uapoauu pa3YM, u eao .MlI, uuuajyhu ito MpaKY, XO(jll.MO 6e3 euaena, It iuy uapauo «ao iiujanu (Joe. ]2,25).

Ilocnauuua ceeiuuiuen.a Tuxoua, Ilaiiipujapxa Moctcoectcoi II cae Pycuje

CBCTI1 Cepacpl1M Caposcxa Ha3l1Ba ~aBOJIa IlpBI1M pesonynnouapoa, xoja ce rr06YHlI0 npornn CaM ora Bora. OTYAa cy 11 CBC pCBOJIY~l1jC rrpornsne XPIlIIlhaHcTBY I1I1Majy ~aBOJICKII npayspox. TClllKO je 'laK 11 3aMI1CJIlITlI CMl1pCIWr 11 xporxor xpmnhanana y JII1Ky 6YHToBHlIKa - pesonyuaonapa. 3al1CTa je ~aBO npasa orau 11 JlYXOBHI1 KOpMlII1ap csax CBCTCKI1X peBOJIYI\lIja. OHe crryz«; IbcrOBIIM UIlJbCBI1Ma II 3aAaUI1Ma, nacrojarsnaa III1CJII1Ma paAII pyurersa CBCTcxor noperxa 11 cspraaan,a 3aKOHI1TI1X 6oroYCTaHOBJbCHlIX nJIaCTI1. Ilaacn.asa II nenpacrpacrna ananasa PYCKI1X peBOJIYI~lIja XX nexa noxaayje na HI1 OIlC HHCY 6l1JIC 1I3Y3cTaK 011 npasana H na cy I1MaJIe orsopeno ~anOJICKH xapaxrep. Hnje 6C3 pasnora jour sa npeue npse PYCKC peBOJIY~l1je 3HaMeHI1TI1 xponurrarCKI1 II CBCPYCKI1 nacrup 6ahYlilKa JOBaH KpoHlIITaTcKII MY)l(acTBcHo na cas mac H3roBOPl10 ynosopasajyhe pe1IH pa306JIJ1lIelba CBI1Ma KOjl1 cy AOHOCIIJIII Il06yHy, saaepy 11 IIYX pCBOJIy~lIjc 11 npa TOM jc rrOCTaBI10 Ta'IHY II CTpallIHY aaspumy Al1jarJI03y: "Pycnja CC npersopana y JIYAHI1~y" .11CTy cppa3y HaJIa311- MO KOA 611Blllcr nOMohHI1Ka 3aMeHlIKa ofiep-npoxypopa CB. CI1HOlla KHC3a H. ,IJ,. )KenaxoBa y npsou TOMY IbcrOBHX "Y crrostena ". Ha MaCOBHO AYlllCBHO (ncnXI1'IKO) 6C3YMJbe 11 CYMaHYTocr y TIIM rOAIIIIaMa yxasyjy 11 MHor06pojHH npyrn O'1eBI1IIII. Taxo, Ml1TpOrrOJII1T CepacpllM (l.J:wlarOB) jCIIHy oA CBOjl1X cjajnax nporrOBeAI1 rrOCBCTI10 je y ~eJIlIlIlI 6eCOMY'lHOCTII 11 lbCHIIM caBpCMCHI1M rrpojaB.H!BalbHMa ("CJIOBO y HCACJbY 23. 06ecoMy1JHOCTH").

EBo UITa je nocefino HCTaKao BJIaAlIKa y TOj nponoacnu: 'TAe cy nauta 0CCO~!y1JHI1I\II?! ITa OHH cy TOJIIIKO KpBH lIPOJIHJIH OBI1X ronana, 6oM6aMa I'J3HOCchl1 JbYIlC na KOMaAe, orpscyha OA J\p)l(aBe najocn,e JbYAe, HC scaneha C1',:'TlIHC )KpTana 11 HeJlY)]{HY neuy paJ\1I CBOjC rraKJICHe 3aMIICJIII, n03HBajyi111 H-1 Y(IIICfna II 113a3I1Bajyi1l1l1x, ynaurraaajyha n cc6c caste, aKO je TO HC1I36cJt.:H". I! C'KOH'IClnajyhl1 csojy cYll611l1\" onoauunau.esi Kpcra XPI1CTOBor rrpCII (~!I'TH'.'~! KJ3H(I\1: ra KO !IX He sna? Ko IIX nnje BI1J1CO pacnouawn.ene no C".li!\l"::. 3:,,:.:.'UI!\IJ II na lI\lalbll\!a cnaxnia. KaKO rtpnpehyjy IIOTPCCHC IIpl1-

66

67

on csor TCUIKor 060JhClba", - nanacahe Y CBOM nllCBHHKY IICKOJIHKO rOAHHa rrOCJIC THX crpaumnx 36HBaJba lIaj6JIHCKHja npyrapnna rrOCJICnlbC PYCKC IlapHlIC, 6HBUIa nBOpCKa naMa Hseronor 11MncpaTopcKor BCJIWraHCTBa AHa Bnpytiosa.

Y CBOM rrOCJIcJlIbCM rr11cMY rrpHIIl\C311 BHKTOpHjH Benaxa Knerua.a Jenncanera <PjonopoBHa ynopehaaana je CTaJhC pycKor napona ca 6YHqarncM 6c3YMHor 'IOBCKa:

"CBC !UTO je 6Hrro caopano y TOKY BCKOBa YHHUITCHO je, H TO on naurer concrsenor napona, KOjH BOJIHM CBHM CBOjHM CpqCM. 3a11CTa, OHH cy Moparrno 60rrCCHH H cnena - na HC BHJlC KYJla I1J1CMO. A cpue 60rrH, HO ja He ocehan rop-rany. MO)KCIlI JIH KPHTHKOBaTH lIJIH OCYJlHTI1 'IOBCKa KOjH CC aanasa y fiynnny, KOjH je 6C3YMaH?" (UHT. no KrhH3H "Ilpaaocnasan Llap - MY'lCHHK" HrYMaHa Cepaqinxa, CTp. 67).

Y npanou cMHcrry JlCMOHCKY CYUITI1lIY peaonyuaonapne CTI1X11jc ca rCHHjannoa H npopo-rancxou CHarOM onncao je jour <P. M. JJ:OCTojCBCKH ("3JIH JlYCH" , npOpO'IaHCKI1 can PaCKOJhHI1KOBa y "3rro'II1HY 11 Ka3H11" - cjajno CBCJlO'IC 0 TOMC). Ann pacnupyjyhn pCBorrYl\l10HapHI1 nJIaMCH 11 nonyurrajyhn rrpCJlIbI1M, PYCKI1 JhynH, paayve CC, HI1CY MOrJIl1 HI1 na 3aMI1CrrC JlO -rera MO)KC na JlOBCne 'raj xpajn.e onacan 11 nCYMcCTaH nonyxnar nrpan,a ca narpoxi. Iloaaaajyhn aa pyureu.e H 6yHT ("13ypa, lICK' jWIC rpyae 6ypa!", - MaKCHM [OPKl1) H nponacr crapor CBCTa (Enox, 13aJhMoHT, Epjycos H npyrn PYCKI1 nCCHHlIl1, KOjl1 cy 6HrrH pacnarsena JlYXOM penonynaje H xoja cy xao Enox n0311BarrH na ce "cnyura My- 3HKa PCBOJlYllHjC", no CBOj npHJII1l1H xpnasa MHca naJhCBHHa, y611CTaBa H norpoxta; HJIH cy 6oroxyrrllJIH xao JCCClbI1H, KOjH jc HaIII1CaO na 3HJ10BHMa CpeTeIbCKOI'MaHaCTl1pa: "60)KC, orcna CC!" 11 KOjH je, no conCTBCHOM npH3Ha1bY, nponao JlYUIY l)aBorry ... ) Krnl1)KCBHH BCCHl1l1H PCBOJIYlll1jc CCKITH cy rpany aa KO.ini cene. A xana jc nyro O'lCKI1BaHa 6ypa CTBapHo nacrana, jenaa IbI1X HeKOrrl1KO .K 11311CJIO )KHBY rnasy, na 11 TO cano OHI1 KOjH cy 113narrH Eora, -iacr 11 caBCCT 11 K:'JII cv 611rrl1 y craay na npOMCHC CTpaHY H na ce npanarone HOBOj BJIaCTI1.

Ca onymean.en.es, 11 nnxosan.ev PYCKI1 napon jc npl1MI10 BeCT 0 onpa:J'::lb\ r ocnonapa Hnxonaja II on npecrona. "Y cpe6pyapy 1917. rOAllHC na~,,:,\r:,LlO je npaao CBCHapOJlHO nynano, ITo YJIHlIaMa rpanosa onnajane cy ce ,~" ;'~'rlljHe nCMoHcTpal\l1jc. Ha TprOBI1Ma cy OAP)KaBaHI1 6ccKpajHll Mll-:- I!:: l;~ CBII cy 'ICCTllTarrH jenan npyrou "nan rnpannje". Osaj snpyc cyxany-

-:- ",,:,,! B;:'J3110 Je -rax H CBelliTCHCTBO, xoje jc rajano unysnje na CC ca onpn-

:':",+c\! UJf.'J Helie HH!UTa npOMCHllTH y nonoxajy CBCUITCHWIKOr crancxca ... " " -:-c:~.::.:; ~-\ 1 UpHJ CToTHHa", CTp. 63).

T C\!.i 'C'<:(U\IY1IHOCTH Pycaje 113pa)KCHa jc nOCTa )KHBO y noesnjn MaK~;!\!i!.l,n ~H.i Bo.iounma. xojn je YMCO Y TC CYMaHYTC KpBaBC rOAllHC, KaKO CC

'IlI Hll , Aa ce np1l6rrl1)K11 Xpl1I1IliaHCTBY, OnCTYIIHBllIH on csor pannjer aanoca OKYJITH3MOM. Y IICCMll "MOCKBa", nanncanoj y MapTy 1917. ronane, npaxasyje ce HaCHJhC y npCCTOHHI\H I\PBCIIC CTHXl1jC. xoja JlOHOCH HapOJlY "KpB", "CMPTHY Ka3HY". "cYJI":

Ca ipooa «pa] Meciua Jlotiasee (Fonioiuet, Y ILpK6U Ilotcpoea

Ysnoce cpauoiiiue

Hep yctce peuu.

Hu jeqne ceehe eaium.ene, JJlllUYP211jy He oi nauuiea 3aOHO.

Ha C6lLlI ipyaus«: Jl(1l2 upeeuu, 11 neiipiua uapaun ILp6eHa.

Join jacnnje nCCHHK oceha sryum.anan.e 6orOMPCKC 6CCOBCKC CTI1XlljC Y npCCTOlll1'IKOM Ilerporpany, seh 3aY3CTOM OJI 60rr,mCBHKa:

Kp03 iiyciiiotu eenuuanciiceeue uohu, Kojy «etau) ca6pa Ileiiiap,

C6e aeeiuu Ha'ipHyM y oou oeai

11 ua ilpeCIUO.1Y iuiuo iipasau siatiu, Hag Ma2J1eHO.W IU.WllHO.1t PUiUCKO.1t Cao tiecoecxo KOJlO eooe.

Hapoo, 6e3YAIJbe.w o6Y3elu, ° «auetee 6uje 2JW60M

11 ae3e K1Iga, «ao 6ecoMY'lHU ...

"Tleiupoipao"

o 6CCOM)"IIlOCTI1 napona OH CBCJlO'm raxobc 11 y CTI1XOBI1Ma: "TPIlXHHe", Y xojana, cehajyha cc npOpOcIaHCTBa Ilocrojeacxor, H3HOCH KaKO CC "y rena n IIYX Jh)'AI1 nacran.yjy TPHXIlHC". A napanno, non rpnxnnaaa ce IIOJlpa3YMcBajy 3rrH lIycn. PYCKOj pesonyunonapnoj nCMOHOJIOrHjll raxobe cy nocnehena nena "113 6C3naHa", "D:eMoHIl UlYBOHCMI1" 11 "PYCHja rnvnonena".

Ilocnemsa nCCMa, crrOMHIhyliH jCBalll)CJICKe norahaje () H3rHaibY ne~1Ona 113 nC'IaKa (HCI\Crr,CH,C ne-raxa ca HC'lIlCTI1M nYXOM) (MK. 9, 17 - 27), OJlHOCH CC Y I\CJIIlHH na poncrno PYCHjC non 3JIHM nYCHMa:

Hucu ,111 lIClUlI.H gYXO.H oiiceotcyiua TlI, Pycujo 2.'1Y6oHeMa! 3.illl gyx.

Oaysee iuu pa3y.H 1I cnotioa», bmw me y «aiupv 1I Y (3Og),.

o «auen« 611ie 11 iuepa y llly.lty.

Join )KIlB]h), CJII1KY xpnanc PYCKC pcnoxyinrje 1917. rOT\HHC onncyje HCCHHK npopox, KOjH je JlO cana JOIl! YBCK TaKO Marro TI03HaT y PYCHjH. na 'JaK

68

69

li Hlije ysputhen Y anronorajy PYCKe noesnje XX BCKa (pa3YMC ce, 360r csoje AYXOBHC 6JIliCKOCTli Ilapcxoj noponana li BepHOCTli npaBOCJIaBHoj MOHapxnja), Ceprcj Ceprejena-r Eexrejen (1879-1954):

Pyiue ce KP0606U ILpK611 U iianaiiia.

TIagajy y UOpKy tipese; JeKO.M 36epCKO},j oanetco ce 'Iyjy Yp!!LllLU xy!!e II iipeiioee

"36OfWP"

TI !!OAt.lUU KP6060 pY.MeH He60, EYKlUe CO!!OIUU peoou. rope 60Z0HU ooeeseuoi JlCUlUO 11lLp6eHe 'W6Ke neiiie "3e},uba U cnotioca"

)],CMOHOJIOIIIKli npasopa penonyuajc KOA necaaxa cc aconnpajy 'lac y JIllKY CTpaUIHe crapaue ynpn.ane KPBJby:

Teiotiuo g060 ceeoiuuiuei pacy na, Kao iiiy-ui Hag6Ll!!O ce HOg 3e.MfbO.M; 11 !!UK YJICocHe Kp606e ciiiapuue TIpU6UDO Ant ce ceyaa.

"3e}'1fbO U cnotiooa"

'lac ce nonua xao "HeYKpOTIIBII 6e3YMHlI xac" rrOMaXHIITaJIOr AllBJI,er upsenor xoa,a:

MC!)YTIIM MaJIO, BeOMa MaJIO Pyca je 6lIJIO y cran.y na y TOM nepnony cneonnrrer JIYAliJIa ca-rysa Tpe3BCHO pacybaaan,e II na TaKO rrpaBIIJIHO 01\eHII OHO lIITO ce noraha. JCAIIli OA TIIX MaJI06pojHliX 6lIJIll cy, HeCYMlhliBO, CaM I'ocnonap HI1KOJIaj II II Hscrosa HajY3BlIlIIcHlIja TIopOAII1\a. Ilyxosna BCJlWII1Ha (Y3Hl1lJlCHOCT) UapCKI1X CTpaAaJIHI1Ka y TO BpeMe je seh 611JIa HeAOCTII)!(Ha sa sehany caBpeMCHIIKa. lhlIXOB rrOABIII' he 3aYBeK OCTaTII Y nencxnapcnoj IICTOPlIjll OTa'IaCTBa II csera CBCTa xao nenponasna ysop aa rronpaxasan.e CBIIMa OHIIMa xoja cy BCpBII XpIICTY, xao llACaJI IICTIIIICKe napCKC BCJIW!lIHe, CMlIpelba II CaMOnO)!(pTBOBalba. HapaBHO, 6liJIO je II APYI'lIX sepnnx nonanuxa KOjli cy AOCTOjHO noxexana crpaume norabaje PYCKC IICTOpnje. Ana sehatra Pyca anax je JIYAOBana II fiecnena ...

Kao pe3YJITaT saapumor CTaAlIjYMa CYMaHYTOCTll PYCKor napona naCTaJIO je AOCJIeAHO li CllCTeMaTCKO aarnpan,e najfiorscr cnoja OTaqaCTBa, YKJby'lyjyhlI MHore jepapxe PYCKe TIpaBOCJIaBHe QpKBe, CBeIliTCHCTBO, MOHaIliTBO, a TaKO!)C II rrJICMCTBa, mrua orpauapcxor xanpa, rproaa-txor CTaJIe)!(a, TPYAOJb y6lIBllX IIMyhHIIX CCJbaKa, npornanrcn,e 6(360)!(ja y 3CMJblI II 060- rornopen,e KOMYHIICTWIKliX noha, npc csera B. 11. Y rsauosa (Jleisana), KOja je jeAHoM 1I3pCKao OBe pe-m: "Hexa 1I3yMpC 90% pycxor napona, caxo na OCTaHe 10% AO MOMeHTa CBeTCKe pesonynajc". Ero crsapnax pa3Mepa aaCeJbCHCKllX npereaanja 01301' peBOJIY1\IlOI-lapa - q,aHaTIIKa, sa xora je BylbliH jeAI-IoM pexao: " ... 113POA II MOpaJIHll IIAllOT OA pohen.a, Jleisna je noxasao cBeTY 6allI na caMOM BPXYHlIY cnoje AeJIaTHOCTII aeurro qYAOBllllIHO II rrorpecno: OH je pasopao uajsehy Ap)!(aBY na cBeTY II y6ll0 HeKOJIllKO MllJIIIOHa JbYAll - a CBeT je li I!OPCA rora seh TOJIIIKO nonyneo, na ce ycpen 6cm nana JbYAll npenapy na JIll je OH A06pOTBOP qOBeqaHCTBa llJIII unje?" (113 jasuor IICTYlIalba Y Ilapmy 16. q,c6pyapa 1924. rOAIIHc). AKo OCTaBIIMO na crpany nperepany (aexpaurhaacxy) 6YlblIHOBCKY pecxocr, CJIO)!(lfheMO ce Aa jc AO- 6lITHlIK H06eJIOBe aarpane Y CYIliTIIHII AOCTa ra-ran Y CBOjOj OlleHII. Ilpyrn naur 'IYBCHII PYCKII nncau A. 11. K ynpan 6YKBaJIHO ce yxcacxyo nOCJIC JIII'Inor cycpera ca Jleisanou, He OCCTIIBlIIll Y lbeMY HIIKaKBa csojcrsa sose-raje AYIlIC: "Y CylliTIIHI1 - nonacnao cax, - osaj 'lOBCK, TaKO 06WIaH, yl.ITIIB II 3ApaB, - AaJIeKO je crpaunraja OA Hepona, Tnfiepaja, I1BaHa fP03HOr... HeMa y thCMY Hli ocehan,a, Hll )!(CJba HII IIHCTliKaTa. CaMO OUITpa, 6C3AYUlHa HeOAOJbIIBa 3aMlIcao: nponanajyhn ' YHliIlITaBaM" (" Jlen.an ' TpeHYTHll canMaK"). Arenra rrpYCKC II I-ICMa'IKe 06aBcIlITajHc CJIy)!(6c (UITO je rrOY3AaHO YTBpAIIJIa PYCKa rajna nonmmja 1917. ronane), najsepoaarnnje MaCOHa saCOKor CTenCHa nocaeheu,a, Jlcn.ana cy Y COBjCTCKOj Pycaja rrO'ICJIII na Ha31Inajy "najsoaexanja OA JbYAII" II aa 06MaHYTc !)aBolIMaHc JI,YAC npersopao ce y HCKaKaB CIIMBOJI CBeTOCTII (nocno je "CBCTlIjll OA CBIIX CBCTlIX"). Hnje

Ko, ciupax p03yA/fbU6 oaiouehu, Ee3Y.MHuKa 60fbY 06Y3g060, Ko pao ciiaceu.a oceanaea TIOAWXWllUOflOZ KOfbO?

"Kofb 11.fJ6eHU " ...

TICCHlIK HC caxo na He CYMlba Y ACMOHCKll, carancxn xapaxrep onora lliTO CC norahano ca PYClIjOM, Hero Y TOMC BliAII 'laK II HCKaKBY liCTOPlljCKY 3aKOHO~[CPHOCT, 3601' 'Iera he Y nOAHaCJIOBY necae "Eecoay-ma" CTaBIITlI PC'!lI: Taxo _ie 011.10. - II TaKO he 6HTII. Ca '!lIMe ce, HapaBHO, nnje TCiliKO CJIO)!(J1TIi:

JOlU oo ila.M1UU6eKO 6U6a!!0 jf lUOKO Ila je Pycuia-Maiiiu 6eCHf.W,

0.1' cohu he ce6u poheua. 11 K AIlI.1O.11 EOl_\, Ilouehe je HOJICUILf 113pOH06.bfHf.

Y3 .ie.ie« ... 1I0.llIiU6f II vsoucan.e,

Y3 C,'3f iioxaiuuue 1I iiou.ioue. been,ll\'llHO ..

70

:m TO HCCYMtbl1Hl1110Ka3 Hajr\y6JbC nynrcnne 60JICCTl1 PYCKOr napona Oil KOjC ce, Ha)!(aJIOCT, IlI1 At) nananuscr nana I-IHjc 113JIe'Il10. IToMpa'ICI-bC YMa II IIYXOHHO CJIeIlllJIO jour yscx rYCTOM xonpenov sacrapy name nvure, !lITO IIl1CY nponYCTI1JII1 11 He nponynrrajy Ila KOpl1CTe nenpnjaren.a Pycnje: "KOPHCTChl1 CBeOIIIIITC nOMpa'lClbC YMOBa H pCJIl1rH03HO- MopaJUIO IIponallatbC, MP- 3l1TCJbll PYCHjC npe cnera uacroje na llCKOPCHC OHC jeI1HHCTBeHe, BI11I1eBCKOHHe nncje II BpC[lHOCTH xoje cy 06e36c!)I1BaJIC PYCKOM I1PYlIlTHY I-berOBY H3Y3eTHY nocrojanocr H )!(HBOTHY cnary", - rnrcao jc MI1TPOlIOJIIlT CaHKT· ITcTcp6ypmKII II JIa/lOlIlKH lOBaH (CHWIOB) y KlbIl3Il "CHMCpoHHja PYCIljC" (CTp. 419). Jenna 011 THX TeMCJbIII1X BpC[lHOCTII 6IlJIO jc cronchmia crsapano CXBaTalhC Ap)!(aBHOCTH CBeTc Pycnje 11 naponne caMOCBcCTI1 0 BaCCJbCHCKOM snastajy pycxe npxase Y CYA61II1Il cser 'IOBC'IaHCTHa. JII16epaJIHo-l1cMoKpaTCKI1 nposananaa KYPC nauaunse PYCIljc 3Ha'IIl onpnnan.e 0[1 Tpa[ll1l1IloHaJIHC PYCKC HAeOJIOrl1jc 11 rrpaBOCJIaBHC AP)!(aBHOCTH 11 CKPCTalbC Y npasuy HOBor HC3Ha60lIlTHa. ITory6HOCT osor xypca nocrajc CBC O'Il1rJIeIIHl1ja.

Ilpeneo ca pycxon MUpOCJlaB fOJIy6oBHh

71

Ceeiuiiienu« Cepiej MapIfYK

P A3MMmJLAILA 0 PEBOJIYQMJII II IIOKAJAILY HA KPAJY 20. BEKA

Eop6a C IVl/At (ca xpuiuhanctcu.u iiopeiiocou y ceeiuy) na tcpajy «pajeea ce iiotcasyje «ao natue ieouuo, HaCYlUHO oeno. - cI>PHAPIIX EHreJIC

EoI' Hac je YilOCTOjl10 na AO)!(IlBI1MO ocaaneceroronnunsauy pCBOJIynaje. OcaMAcCCT rOAI1Ha - TO je nepnon y KojeM ce npoce-mo, npeva pC'IIlMa napa AaBI1[1a, OKOH<IaBa 'IOBCKOB 3CMaJbCKl1 )!(I1BOT: Ilanu ioouua uatuux gociuusaxy C060M ceaauaeceiu ioauua, a atco je Y eeho] «peitociuu ocauaeceiu ioouua ... (ITc. 89; 10). 11 3aHCTa, KaKO 611 MOrJIO Il3rJICAaTII na npBI1 nornen, HI1 cosjercxa BJIaCT, 3aKOHHTa nacnennaua PCBOJIYlll1je, nnje )!(I1BCJIa I1Y)!(C 011 Tor nepnona. Me!)YTI1M, KaKO ce na PCBOJIYlllljy, HapaBIIO, He Mory npnMCHI1TI1 JbYI1CKe Mepc, 'Il1HI1 ce l1a OHa y xpajn.ea cny-rajy nocroja OHOJII1KO, KOJIIlKO II caM onaj POA, fipeJby60zUBopHli II ipeiuuu (MK. 8; 38). lJIlHI1 ce Aa HaM raj nepaon, KOjIl Hac neh Il3B0l1l1113BaH rpannna nojemraanxor lJOBCKOsor )!(I1BOTa, naje Il3BecHY MOI'yfiHOCT na pesonyuajy xoja ce 36IlJIa y Pycajn pa3YMeMO xao lIeJII1HY, na CXBaTIlMO lhCH pe3yJITaT, AYXOBHIl CMI1CaO II McCTO y csercxoj I1CTOPl1jl1 aJIIl 11 Aa, ys noxtoh Boxajy, CXBaTI1MO II cnoje MeCTO y TOj pCBOJIYI~l1jl1.

Taj sanarax paayireaarsa AeJII1Ml1lJHO HaM OJIaKmaBa 11 "KOHTpapCBOnyunja" xoja ce onarpaaa y naure BpCMe (xoja je, YOCTaJIOM, cavo cneneha PCBOJIYlll10HapHa erana), a I1CJII1MHlJlIO 11 OTIIInc crarse CBeTa: 3aBpmCTaK nsaneceror BCKa xpmuhancxe I1CTOPIljc - sexa KOjIl je, KaKO ce 'IHIlI1, KPIlTHlJaH II rrpCJIOMaH sa lIeJIOKYIIHY CBeTCKY I1CTOPl1jy yonurre. EI10 je TO BcK xan je 3BaHl1lJHO oojaan.eaa II C eHTY3l1ja3MoM sano-rera asrpanu,a "HOBOI' CBeTCKor noperxa", aJIIl He 01.1 crpane nncaua - YTonHCTa II PCBOJIYlliiOHapa - nneranana, Hero 01.1 crpane JII1Aepa CBeTCKC sajennane II cpHHaHCl1jcKC 11 BOjHc Mofil1 xoja CTOjH 113a I-bI1X. "HOBII CBCTCKI1 nopenax" je nocnenn.a 11 rnasua III1Jb BaClIcJIc CBCTCKe PCBOJlYlll1jc xoja My jc npcTXOAI1JIa a, no CBeMy CYI~chH, nOCJICI1I-bCr (l1aKO MO)!(Aa nyrorpajnor) nepnona CBCTCKe I1CTOPIljC, jcp he 6111'11 HCMoryhc na ce 3CMaJbCKIlM, JbYACKllM cnarava II CPCI1- CTBIlMa cpyum "HOBI1 nopenax" , xoja he cc TOTaJiHO YTBP/lI1TIl y onIlITeCBCTCKI1M paauepaua. Ila 6Il ce Of! CpyUIIlO, 6l1hc nOTpc6HO na y nocnenn.y 611T-

Ky. npCABOAehlI He6eCKe BOjCKC, ~\ol)e Ilap uapeea II Fociioqap iocuooapa (OTKp. 19; 16) II na nOCTaBII rpatIlII\Y I1CToPlIjl1 "osora csera".

noxyuraj 3JlUX euuoipaoapa na osnanajy Tyl)lIM IIMalheM II y IIOTIlYHOCTII cy carnacna ca esanhencxos, IIPWIOM: 080 je nacnequutc, xoauiue oa 2a r6uje.ItO It qa iipuC80jUMO nacneociueo fbe2080 (MT. 21; 38).

IIpBU peBO.Jlyu.uonap

Ilpen xpaj 20. BCKa, 0 pesonynaja YOIIIIITC 11 0 PYCKOj peuonyuaja noceriHO 3Ha ce II HaIIlIcaHO je seh MIlorO rora, TonlIKO MHoro na TO IIOBpeMeIlO nocraje HCIIOilHOllIJbIIBO 11 crpaumo. TemKO Aa jc IIClTpe6HO na ce CBe TO IIOnann.a II <IlIHII CC Aa je AanCKO Ra)!(HlIjc na ce carnena II CXBaTII ilYXORlla CYlliTIIna penonyuaje. 3a xpnurhancxy CRCCT TO je, HapaBHO, canpmeuo jacno.

Y CYIlITIIHII, KOA CBIIX 6lIBlIIlIX pcnoxynnonapa aanaxca ce jenno IICTO: ncnpnxnaran,e nocrojehe peanHOCTII 6lITlIja xoja je nara on Eora, xao II HeMoh II OACYCTBO )!(eJba II YMeha na ce Y isoj nponabe csoje MeCTO II CBOj nyr, a caMIIM TIIM II Mp)!(lha npena lhoj, IIoKYIlIaj Aa ce caprne II npOMeHII ra peanHOCT II na ce YMCCTO lhe YTBPillI HCKa npyra, KaKBa onronapa conCTBeHIIM )!(eJbaMa II HaMcpaMa.

J aCHO jc KO je 61I0 npBII peBonYI1IIOHap, KOjlI jc YCTaO npOTIIB csor TBOPua, rtoxccneo Aa caprne Hserosy BnaCT II na 3aY3Me Hieroso MeCTO. BYAyhlI 36aqell ca He6a, 011 HII na TpeHYTaK unje nanyurrao CBOjy nanepy II aeyxopHO HaCTaBJba Aa rpana csojy BaCeJbeHY, CBOj CBeT, KOjlI ce y CBeMY rrpOTIIBII Eory II lberOBIIM 3aKOHIIMa. Y CYIlITIIHII, MeI)YTIIM, OH cavo rrpasa naponajy II uaona-ryje CBeT BO)!(lIjlI napaanrnpajyha na lheMY, jep je Y OAIIOCY na IICTIIHCKO CTBapanaIlITBO sno caCBIIM 6ecnnOAHO. Ila 61I 1I3rpaAI1nO csoje, sno MO)!(e cauo na 06MaHe, nopyum, yxpane II 1I30rra<IlI OHO, lllTO je pannje npnnanano Eory. JIofi08 He gOJla311 sa gpY20 He20 oa ),Kpage II 3aKOJbe II yiipoiuiciuu (JII. 10; 10). Hosexoa nap cn060AHe ROJbe ovor-yhyje na 011 (xonex) yxpane Oil Bora. Carana C TIIM I1lIn,eM II rrOACTlIqC CBe pcsonyuaje na 3CMJblI ._ rrO<ICR OA OHe npne, rj. Oil Anaaosor II EBIIHor npecrynau,a Oil Bora yCTaHOBJbeHOr noperxa. 3601' xera cy OHII TO Y'IlIHlIJIlI? 360r concrsexe -rynne nO)!(YAe II )!(eJbe na xojy IIX je narosopao carana, rj, na 6YAY «ao 60208U, «oiu IH13JlUKyjy ootipo 1I 3JlO, OAHOCHO, Aa 6YAY 60rOBlI caMII ITO ceria, aeaaBIICHO OA Bora II Hierosnx 3aKOHa.

Cse pcnonynzjc 3CMaJbCKe acropaje, KOjC cy 3aTI1M ycnennne, 6lIne cy C3\1\1 nonasn.an,e, nponyon.anan.e II ilaJbII passoj OBC npne. C8U KOjU g090- lUI:' itpe .HeHe JlOll08U cy u pastioinuuu, xazce CrraCIITeJb (JH. 10; 8). Paay\L'bI!BO je na ce TO C noceonov jacaourhy IlpojaBI1JIO y xpnurhancxoj enoxn. Ilo csojoj CyIllTHHI1, rr06YHa npOTlIB XpHCTa CnaCIITCJba 6lIna je seh AOBe.1tHJ .10 xpaja _ Hierosmr y6HCTBOM na KpCTY, y 'IeMY cy ce, napaano, ca KPdHh""jacHlHllh\' II I1CnOJbHnlI npnpona 're nofiyne II )zyx KOjlI CTOjlI H3a n.c Uc.WKynHJ Bap6a. xoja CC Oil Tor il06a nacrasana, npencrann.a cauo

Ko je 6110 "uuuuiia "?

Ilocrojan.e Ilpxne XPIICTOBC, a 3aTlIM II AP)!(aRa xoje cy noxyuiaaane I1a CROj )!(IIBOT ycrpoje rrpeMa 3anOBeCTlIMa XPIICTOBIIM, IICYRIIIIIe ce OTBOpeno cynporcranx.ano Te)!(lhaMa KHe3a osora CBeTa a na OH He 6H noxyurao na rrpOTIIB lhlIX noncraxne cnorsaum,e II ynyrpannse pesonynuje.

lJlITaBY IICTOPHjy lJ,PKBC nparune cy jepecn II pacxonn, a nomrru-txy IICTOPHjy _ BCPCKH paToBII H 06patrYHH, xao H OTIIaAalhC OA Ilpasocnaan.a qHTaBHX napona II sexan.a. Eaponcxe 6yp)!(OaCKC peaonyunje 18. II 19. sexa 6lIne cy OTBOpeHO anruxpmuhancxe. AHTHxplIIlIhaHcKa (rro CBOjHM HaMepaaa) 6Hna jc II pycxa cpe6pyapcKa H, IlITO je seh caCBHM o<mrJIeAHO, OKTO- 6apcKa peBOJIYl1lIja.

Te PCROJIYIIHje cy rro MHC)]'O qeMY AOCTHrne csoje uan.ene H rrOABYKJIe KOHa<IHY IIPTY non errOXOM xoja ce YCJIOBHO anax MO)!(e Ha3BaTlI "xpnurhanCKIIM caeron". Carana, Mel)yTHM, He 61I 6HO TO lllTO jecre KaA 6H ce na TOMe 3aYCTaBII0. Llnn, je 61I0 rpopaynncau y rr03HaTliM pe<IHMa HHTepHal1IIOHane: "lJlITaB CBeT HaCIIJba cpyumheao AO TCMeJba, H 1I3rpaAlIheMO HOBH CBeT; KO je 61I0 HlIIlITa, 61Ihe CBe" .

Y srpen rosopehn, y BO)!(HjeM crnaparsy CBeTa "HHIIITa" naje 6HO yrn.eTeHII nponerapnjar, KaKO cy HaM HeKaA rOBOpliJIlI, otijaunsasajyha CMlIcao re XHMHe. "Haurra" je cauo sno xoje HeM a CBOjy concrneny, OHTOJIOllIKY CYIlITIIny 1I xoje ce npojaarsyje caxo xao 0ACYCTBO, nopanan.e II naona-reae A06pa. Illro ce TWIe nponerapnjara II 6yp)!(Oa3lIje, caTaHII je caCBIIM csejenno xaKBIIM he opyheu II cpeACTBIIMa AOCTlIhH CBOj I1IIJb: y 60p61I ca xpatuhancxaa CBeTOM MO)!(e ce xao soneha CIIJIa yrrorpeoara 6yp)!(Oa3lIja a MO)!(e H nponeTaPHjaT; Moryhe je, najsan, na ce OHH Mel)yc06Ho cYK06e ~ CBe je TO uesaxoro H norpeono je cano na ce nonpacasa KJbycIaIhe "rrovyheaor YMa", cnpevnor Aa nohe "y Be'IHII 60j". OH, napasuo, csoja opyba KOPIICTII BeOMa BeIlITO II 3601' rora, KaKO ce <IlIHII, cane osor CBeTa, xoje cy cynporcrasn.eae jenna npyroj, pane sa IICTII xpajn.a I1IIJb. CBe peBOJIYI1Hje, paToBII H norpeca KOjlI ce csrea.yjy y IICTOPHjH xp-re nyr jCAHOMC - allTlIxpHCTOBOM nonacxy II napcsau.y.

"Ilep.uaneniiiua peeo.nyuuja"

Ca CBOjOM 060rOTBopeIbcM nporpeca II HaYKe, ca CBlIM CBOjlIM cplInoCOCPCKIIM, cOillIjanHIIM II MopanHIIM reopajana, HOBO speae, KOjC je HaCTyrmno rrOCJIC eRporrCKIIX 6yp)!(OaCKHX PCBOJIYl1lIja, Y l1eJIHHII ce, xao UITO cana

74

BIIi\IIMO, nojaBIIJIO KaO BpCMe CJIa6JbClha II pacnanan.a xpnurhancxe CBeCTII II nyxa. PCBOJIYI\IIOHapHII repop II asrpann,a COll,lIjaJI1I3Ma Y PYClIjlI (KOjlI CY YOCTaJIOM, na llOlJeTKY 6IIJIII Hai\aXHYTII II 06pa3JIo)KeHII TIIM IICTIIM IIAeOJIOlIIKIIM reopajava, na Oil ce TCK xacanjc, cneneh« TOKOBe )J(IIBOTa, npanarol)aBaJIC pCaJIHOCTIIMa PYCKOr )KIIBOTa) I~OBeJIII cy, CaCBIIM npHpOi~1I0, AO IICTIIX pe3YJITaTa, lIaKO i\pyrlIM nYTCM, II, HapaBHO, He CBe.

D,Ba CBCTCKa para Y 20. BeKY II IlOJIHTIIKa nOCJIepaTHe 06HOBC II H3rpaAthe Esporre nOMeplIJIII cy mrrarse ycrpojasan,a HOBOI' CBCTa AaJreKO nanpen, a CJIOM COll,lIjaJIHCTWIKl1X Cl1CTCMa Y CCCP l1 Y 3CMJbaMa I1cTo'IHe Espone (nooena xonrpapenonyuaje"] YKJIOHIIJIa je jour jenan HII3 6apl1jepa na TOM lUlIPOKOM nYTY (pymehn, noccouo Y PYCl1jlI, CBe OHO snpaso UlTO je jour npeOCTaJIO nOCJIe PCBOJIYl\lIjc Y MOpaJIY, KyJITYPl1, MeAl1l\l1Hl1, HaYl\II, rtpaspena, BOjCl~lI, cOl\lIjaJIHOM ocnrypatsy, 06pa30BalhY l1 np. - pyureha CBe TO He 0PY)J(alIl1M repopou nero na npyrn Ha'Il1H - CKOHOMCKl1 II MOpaJIHO). Pa3YMe ce na 6aplIjepe ira TOM nYTY xa CBeTCKOM jeAIIHCTBY jour YBeK nocroje. ITOCTOja, na npnaep, TaKO Moht!a CIIJIa xao IlITO jc Kl1Ha (l1aKO Y ce61I, napasno, HC 1I0CII xpaurhancxo ypeben.e CBeTa), xoja lIMa npexo MIIJ!lIjapAY CTaIlOBHl1Ka, 6p30 ce pasnaja II jOlII YBCK je rroA KOHTPOJIOM KOMYHI1CTWIKe naprnje. 360r rora ce Mory O'IeKIIBaTI1 HOBII noxyurajn npeypeben,a CBeTa, peaonyunja, parona II rrOTpeca. Moryhe je na KOMYHI13aM l1JII1 HeKO lheMY CJIWIHO Y'IClhC, npanaroheno caBpeMCHI1M YCJIOBI1Ma, oner yl)y Y MOAY (WTO 11 sanascaao TOKOM nOCJICAlhl1X rOAI1Ha Y PYCl1jlI II Y APYflIM pernonaua) l1 na nOCTaHY rJIaBHII noxpera-ra CBeTCKe peaonyuuje, jcp je ra CIIJIa AaJIeKO cyposnja, paajapenaja II nenorsopanja nero 60JICUIJblIBII 6YP)J(oaCKII nlI6epamnaM.

3a xona-ma 1l,IIJb HC paAe cauo COl\lIjaJIHO-nOJIIITWIKC peaonyunje.

Hcropnja naurer BCKa noxasyje na Y TY sanpery Mory na ce YKJbY'Ie II na sanpano M jccy YKJbY'"IeHe TaK03BaHa HaY'IHO - TeXHII'"IKa II cexcyanna peno. 1YUlIja, xao II CBe OHC npOMCHe )J(l1BOTa, crnapanaurrsa II CBCCTII (IIHAIIBMi~Ya.me. rpYIIHC, Hal\IIOHaJlHe II BepCKC), xoje cy npoxere peBOJlYll,IIOllapHIIM ]y\O~l, rj. npOTIIBJhethCM OHIIM HopMaMa )J(IIBOTa KaKBC je Eor YCTaHOBIIO 3J 'IOBCKa. Ha raj lIa'IHH CC BPWII "nepaanerrrna PCBOJlYll,lIja", na xojy je nc xa.t rr03IIBaO rr03HaTII peBOJlYll,IIOHap JIaB Tp0ll,KM II 'mja jc CYWTIIHa Y ::'\11.' .ia CBaKa lheHa erana IIPOIICTWIe 1I3 npeTXOAHe II /1a paba cnenehy.

unje. Ilap cnotiooe II gap ctueapanaiuiuea cy Ll3Y3eCUHlI aapoeu. II ClU(}2J oa ouoia «oiu LlX iioceavje saxiueeajy ll3Y3elUHY o iipesnociii, tupeseeuociii. ita 'ILl/{ II aCKeWU3aJl1, «atco fbllXOBIL« itocpeqciiieou He 6ll 61/0 upeeapen, 06.ltauviii u uotcpeuyii: qa C,1YJ/fll catuauctcu.w IllIJbe611Ma.

PeBOJIYll,IIOHapHe enoxe y ce611 xpajy BeJIIIKO acxymen.e aa CTBapaJIa'IKY (BeCT, nocefino YKonlIKO OHa naje yxopeu.eua y Eory, HaMMe, Y pCBOJIYI~110- HapHMM IIOTpCCl1Ma II CJIOMOBIIMa, "y CYA60HOCHl1M rpcayunna" osora CBera. YMeTHwIKOM II CTBapaJIa'IKOM norneny CC YIICTIIHY Mory OTKpliTII 113y- 3eTHO /1y6oKa cxsarau.a II ~fOry ce POilHTII nornyno HOBa YMeTHwIKa CPC/1- CTBa, xoja orrmn.asajy CBOjOM CBe)J(IIHOM II CIIJIOM, xoja nanaxu.yjy II npus.iaue CBOjOM CJl060AOM. "M Y3IIKa PCB(lJIYl(lIjC" OII<!lIlhaBa II CBe, lIlTO ce .ieurana, npencrann,a y HCKOM Y3BIIWCHOM, rrOCTCKII-rrpc06pa)J(eHOM II rpanJII03HOM BMAY: "IlITa je 3aMHIIIJLeHO? JJa ce CBe iipeypeau. Ila cc ycrpoju TaKO, na CBe 6yne HOBO ... na Haw JIa)J(HII, 6JIaTlhaBII, i\Oca/1HH, 6C3nWIIlII )J(IIBOT nocrane npascnan, 'I1ICT, neceo II npexpacan ... 3aMax PYCKC pesonyuaje, xoja je )J(CJIeJIa na 06YXBaTII 'I1ITaB CBeT (HCTIIIICKa peaonyunja HIIKal~ He npnacen.xyje HCllITO Malhe OA roral) yrrpaBo je OBaKaB: OHa raja HaAY na he nonahn CBeTCKII 1l,IIKJlOH KOjlI he y CHerOM sancjaae 3eMJbC AOHeTII TOnJIII BCTap M 6JIarii MlIplIC HapaHI.IIIHIIX llIyMa II Aa he jY)J(He crene, cnpxcene CYHUCM, OpOCHTII npOXJIal\HOM KlIlIIOM ca cenepa.

'Map II 6paTcTBo Mel)y napomora' - TO jc 3HaK IIO/1 KOjlIM ce onsaja pYCKa peBOJIYl\Hja. 0 TOMC xy~!II lheHa 6yjlIl\a. To jc MY3IIKa KaKBY rpefia na uyje ouaj KOjlI l1Ma yWII".

Tc peun je y janyapy 1918. aarmcao MCTaKHYTl1 rreCHMK AJIeKCaIIAap bJIOK, KOjlI jc IICTaWlaHO ocehao CBeT. OHC jOlII jC!(HOM noxaayjy ca KaKBOM ~lOhHOM II oman.asajyhoa Cl1JIOM MO)J(e na nenyje 'ra "MY3IIKa PCBOJIYl\lIje" , H3MC~y OCTaJIIIX II na OEC "KOjlI IIMajy yum" .

MY311Ka peeo.ayuuje

OBJe ceo YOlllIITeHO ronopeha, orsapa BCOMa 036MJbHa II rpara-ma TC\I,j Y3J.1J\IHOr onnoca peBOJIyI~Hje II JbYACKor CTBapaJIallITBa. Hanae, peso.rvunja .1t \IICTIIHY "voxsnpena CBOM pOMallTMKOM crnapanaurraa ", KaKO je 1 ';11- r H,jrII!CaO Annpej ECJ!II, CBCi~OK II, na HCKII na 'I1IH , Y'ICCHIIK peBOJIy-

Hatua inaeua tipuia

Hcropuja pycxe peBOJIYl\Mjc I10Ka3yje, na )KanOCT, MHoro rrplIMepa CJIWIHIIX 06MaHa Me~y JbYAl1Ma KOjlI cy, HCCYMlhIIBO, 6IIJIII CTBapaJIa'IKII 06- ilaPCHM aJIII KOjM HIICY IICilpa6liJ111 cplle ceoje 1I HIICY iioeepunu Eoiy gyx C60j (ITc. 77; 8). OBAe ce, yonurreno rosopcha, xpaje l1CTaWlaHO JIYKaBcTBo peBOJlYl\MjC - na o6MaHe tlOBCKa (IIJIII '!lITaB napon) HeKOM IIAeoJIOrlIjoM. l1/1eonornja YOIIllITe - TO je CHCTeM JIa)J(HC CBCCTM, xoja csoje CJICn6eHIIKC YBCK nY)J(HO ynarsyje OA llCTMHCKe JIWIIIOCHC Jby6aBII (y xpaurhancxoa cMlIcny TC peua) II pCaJIHor ")J(IIBOf" )J(IIBOTa, AOBOnehH ra na xpajy 110 naronomxe MP)J(lhC KaKO rrpexia npyroj JbYi\CKOj JIWIIIOCTII (a TO HY)J(HO nocraje CBaKa npyra JbYACKa JIWlHOCT II yonllITc JIWIHOCT xao TaKHa, JIWIIIOCT xao oopa s

76

bO)Kl1jH), TaKO 11 npeva pCaJIHOM )KHBOTY xao HCMHHOBHoj npojasa H CBCJ\O'IaHCTBY 0 nocrojan.y bO)Kl1jcM.

UHJb npesape je na ce OBJlalW 'IOBCKOBOM 60ronoJ\06HoM CJI060J\OM H H,crOBOM CTBapaJIa'IKOM crrocofiaourhy, na 611 ce oua H30na'IHJIa 11 npHMOpaJIa J\a CJIY)!(H 3JIy. OBAC jc 11 ~HJb CBaKC pCBOJIyl~HjC, H MCCTO n.enor I~CJIOsas,a je 'lOBCKOB AYX I1JII1, na ce H3pa3HMo pC'IHMa <P. M. Ilocrojescxor - cp~c xoaexa, xoje jc nonpnurre 611TKC l)aBOJIa ca Eorou. Oeae - Y CplL)' 1/ gyxy - ooiahaj» ce i naeue iiotieae caiuaucxe peeonyuuje, a C6e ociiiano el' eaiinohene uocneouue iue 1I06ege. Hu uaiuepuia, HU uaynuo - iuexuu-ucu iipouec, HU YMefuHlI'lKO - CIU6apaJ!at1KU iipouec, iia «a« HU uetce U3AteHe )' uptceeHOM JlCU601UY HUCY 3J!U cauu UO ce6u - 3J!0.1I II opylJe.11 3.fla 'tUHU ux '106eK06 gyx, «oiu je caM uociiiao Up060gHliK u opylJe caiuancxoi gyxa - gyxa (jP0lT111- en.en« E02Y U Jbe206l1M 3aKOHUMa, gyxv peeonyuuje.

Ynpaso OBAC rpeoa na ce 113BPWI1 11 name rJIaBHO noxajan,e, OBAC ce Mopa naha naura rJIaBHa 6pl1ra - na He )l.onYCTHMO CBOM cpuy H CBOM )l.YXY )l.a ce sapasa THM rpCUlHHM cran.en, xoje CBe BHUle H BHUle noraha CBeT na Iberon OM peBOJ]Y~HOHapHOM nYTY - craa.eu ropAOCTH, CaMOBOJbC, caaoonpaaAaBafua, caaonacnahnaau.a Y conCTBeHHM nO)!(YAaMa, porrran,a H npOTI1BJbe- 1M CBCMY WTO norase OJ\ bora, TOM YHYTpaWfuCM yCTpojCTBY )KHBOTa 11 AYme, OHOM THrry Mel)YJbYJ\CKI1X onnoca KOjH cy OJ\ bora YCTaHOBJbeHI1, na KOjC npaaasa Eaauhen.e H xoje je npesomeo, pasyaeo, CXBaTHO 11 cauysao on liT UpKBe, OHOMe, IlITO ce MO)!(C 0APCJ\HTI1 1I0jMOM "noxajan,e". MO)!(J\a je TO o-tysau,e noxajmrtxor ycrpojcrsa aaurer cpua - nocnenn.e IlITO HaM jc ocraJIO aa xpajy CBeTCKe acropnje, OHO rJIaBHO IlITO OJ\ Hac oxexyje Eor.

"Kaq cy iiopytueuu iiieuemu, tuiiia MO:JICe qa YI.fUIlU iipaeeqnux? II

MO)!{J\a he ca re ravxe ]'J]eJ\HIIITa nOCTaTH pa3yMJbHBHje YHCTHHY XPI1- mhancxo nonautan,e napa - MY'IenHKa HHKOJIaja Ilpyror Y J\aHHMa peBOJIyunje . .I1,a je )KCJICO na CBOjy BJIaCT O'IYBa rro cBaKY ~CHY, OH 6H OKO cc6c MOrao na oxyna OHC CI1JIC Y BOjC~H xoje cy My join 6HJIe nepne H na npnu H3BpWII rrpeBeHTHBHI1 ynap rrpOTHB H3J\ajHI1'lKor reuepanurraria, nsopjaaa, 110- ClaHIIKa UYMe H APYrHX npOTHBHHKa iseroae BJIaCTH H3 CBHX CTaJIC)Ka. Morvhe ie Ja 611 OH rro I~CHY onpehenor 6poja )KpTaBa O'IYBao CBOjy BJIaCT H ncropnja Oil xpenyna Y npyrox, npasny. MeIJYLuuM, Y LUOM cnyuaiy OH aut 131tlUf He Oil iiuo lipa60CJla6HU uap «oju ce ocnatea ua iioeepene U C6eCHO, Eoia p,lJII iioc.ivuuuee C60jUX uoaauuxa, iia 6u U caM iiociuao UCIUU iiuucae peeo.ivuuouap. na.veiunvetuu C60jy enaciu OHUMa «oiu je He »cene. O'IHrJICJ(HO .ia re "Il C\BaT3t1 II ocehao J\a jc TO npen Eorosr HcrrpaBCJ\HO H lleMoryhc,

77

II pannje jc nouiao OHHM KpCHIiM nYTCM KOjH CC ornapao npen tbHM. Kag c)' uopyiueuu iTteMeJbU, tuiiia uosce ga yuunu iipaeequux (TIc. 10; 3)?

O'IH]'J]CJ\HO jc na MO)!(C CJICAchc: MO)!(C J\a, Y3CBUII1 CBOj KPCT, AO xpaja C.1C)J,11 CrraCHTCJba, MO)!(C na cc nonne na CBOjy [OJIroTY 11, najsan MO)KC na nOJIO)!(11 CBOj )!(HBOT xao )KpTBY YMHJIOCTI1BJbelba sa rpcxoBc napona, KOjH jc nao Y 6C3YMJbC 60r060pcTBa . .I1,I1KTaTOpl1l1 BCJIHKH pCBOJIY~HoHapH cc 0611'1- 110 HC nonaurajy TaKO (OHI1 TO HI1CY HH Y cran.y) H Y AOCTH3albY CBOjHX unn.eaa HI1 npen 'IHM ce He 3aYCTaBJI)ajy. To, UITO CMHcao )!(pTBCHOr xpnurhancxor nonainan.a napa - MY'lCHIiKa MIlOrHMa H J\aJbC ocraje Hcpa3YMJbl1B (MChy H,HMa 11 sepyjybnua) noxasyje, nocetiao, KOJII!KO jc Ay60KO pCBOJIy~HOHapHI! I\Yx YKOPClbCH y Hac.

Eygyhllociii ceeiiia nehe 6uiiiu ceeiiina

Ilanac HH HajMaIbe He nenocrajy CBH MoryhH npojexra sa crrac H H3- rpann.y Pycaje, C THM IIITO CBH OHI1 HMajy jCJ\aH HCTH HCJ\OCTaTaK - rOTOBO CBH npencrasn.ajy OHY HCTY pCBOJ]y~I1OI-!apHy asrpann.y 11 npeypeben.e OBOra CBCTa, H CBH nonjennaxo saoopann.ajy na bora I1JIH nacna-iyjy npencrasy o Eory, He )!(CJIehH na 011 "ovcra" 'ry narpann.y I1mI My. najsan, BCJIHKOAYWHO AOTlCJI,yjy HCKY 6c3Ha'IajHY nnury y TOM BCJIHKOM 3ajC)J,HH'IKOM AOMy. Mcl)YTI1M, KaMCH KOjH ontianyjy TH HOBH apxHTeKTH I! 3I!)J,apH ocraje, xao H HCKaAa, "rnana OJ\ yrna" H 3601' rora CC "Y3aJIYJ\Ho Tpy)J,C 3HJ\apH" Tor HOBor J\OMa, YKOJII1KO ra HC rpana I'ocnon (B. TIc. 126; 1). YocTaJIOM, 11 TH HOBH rpaAHTCJbI1 BaBHJIOHCKC KyJIe "HOBOI' CBeTCKor noperxa" cy, xao H OHH nperXOAHI1, otiysera crpaurhy na asrpane KyJIy AO netia H na "nasaue ce611 HMe" (ynpxoc BOJbI1 I)O)!(l1joj). HH OIlH uehe ooyciuaiuu og oH02a iuiiio C)' HaYMU.flit (1. Mojc. 11; 6) 1l0K HX He 3aYCTaBli CaM I'ocnon, Mel)YTHM, TO he cc noroJ\I1TI1 na caMOM xpajy CBCTCKC I1cTOPHjc; J\O Tor BpCMeHa, lbHMa he npananaI'll BJIaCT HaJ\ CBCTOM. To npene aacryna, H seh je nacryrrano.

To 611 rpeoano seh cana jacno CXBaTHTH H HC TemHTH ce6e HJIY3HjaMa 0 CBeTJIoj 6YJ\yhHOCTH. bYJ\ynHocT CBCTa nehe 6HTH CBeTJIa . .I1,a, MHOrI! O)J, Hac, ynpxoc CBOj peaJIHOCTIi xojy l\aHaC nnne )KHBe y Ha)J,H (aap H MO)KC npyra-mje na )KHBH YI1CTIiHY sepyjyhe 11 Jby6Bco6HJIHO cpue?) - y npenopon PYCHjc 11 TIpaBOCJIaBJba, nanaxn.yjyha CC (rrOHCKaA HeCBeCHO) y Ay6H1Il1 cpua aneaJIOM CBCTC PYCHjC. Bnucrajyhu CBCTJIOmhy UapCTBa neoecxor, raj H)J,caJI TOKOM npeueaa MO)!(C na 113J\a, OA6aI~H HJII1 3a60paBH jCJ\aH ACO HJII! aehnaa uapona. Mel)YTI1M, xax H aKO CC He BI1AI1 nnrne y peaJIHOCTH, OH, no cnojoj cymTHHH, He MO)!(C na 6Yl\e naona-ren 11 cpyuren yrrpaBo 360r 'rora, WTO lIaM 6JIliCTa H3 Ilapcrsa nefiecxor H npn-iacran je Be'IIl0CTIi 'rora Llapcrna. HeKOMC he OH csarna 6JIHCTaTH, "'laK J\O cspurerxa CBeTa".

7R

79 (MT. 10; 28). C jCAHc crpane, npojasana ce cuna xpumhancxor nyxa, a ca npyre HCMOh ua cc yrnue aa nyury.

Cana CC, Mei)YTHM, rrpOMCHHJIO MlIoro rora. C jenne crpane, xpnurhanCK~ AYX ce.cBe BHIIIC raCJ1, a ca npyre nocraje CBC jacnnje Aa jc I1ajBa>KlII1ja H HaJBpcAHH1a BJIaCT - ynpaso BJIaCT IIar~ AymoM H csenrhy. 360r 'rora ce paspahyje BeJIHKI1 6poj IICTaH<laHI1X H liOBI1TJbHBI1X TCXHll'IKI1X. rrCHXOTeXHJ1lIKI1X 11, <leCTO cjeAHlLcHI1X C Ihl1Ma, ornopeno ACMOHCKHX AYXOBHHX MCTOAa nejcrnosaa.a yrrpaso na 'IOBCKOBY nyrny. Crora ce MO>Ke rrpCTIIoCTaBHTH na 6y):iyhl1 TOTaJIHTapHI1 pe>KI1M YOllIUTe nehe XTeTH):ia YMHO>K11 6poj xpaurhanCKI1X MY'lClIl1Ka Hero na he nOKywa1'11 na YJIO>K11 CBe nanope 11 JIYKaBcTBa pana HCKOpClLl1Baiba sepe Y csaxoj AYllIH. Ouyaan,e sepc y TaKBI1M YCJIOBI1- Ma YI1CTI1HY he 611TI1 BCJII1KI1 nonsnr, jep he y TC naue BJIaCT Hali "'IOBCKOnI1M 1'eJIOM" 6111'H rOTOBO nornyna. Ynpaso rana he ce ca CBOM IIeYMOJbHBOllIhy H oecnourrcnnourhy, ca najseho» jacnourhy, pa30TKpl1TI1 CMHcao pe-nt arroCTOJIa ITaBJIa 0 xpmnhamnra: A 6U uuciiie cia iuen» He20 ito Ilvxv, {{OIiIlUO Iiyx EO)f(lIjll )f(U6U Y 6aMa. AKa iia« HeKO ueua Ilvxa XPIiCIU06a: O~ Hille Hie- 206 (PHM. 8; 9).

MI1 sepyjcvo 11 3HaMO na jc Eory CBC Moryhc. OCI1M rora, 3IIaMO H xaKBe cy >KpTBC npnnerc npexo PYCKI1X HOBOMY'ICHI1Ka, xoju HI1CY Oli6alil1JIH 'raj I1AeaJI. Dory je CBe Moryhe H y PYCl1jH jc, curypao, Moryhe join MIIOro 'rora, rra <IaK 11 BaCIlOCraBJbalLC HCTHHCKe H 3aKOHHTC rrpaBOCJIaBHe MOHapxnje. Mei)YTI1M, 11 y TOM CJIY'Jajy, <JaK H aKO y PYCHjH jour nnje IJaCTYIll10 rrpenopon ITpaBOCJIaBJba xojn cy npencxaaann CTapI\H (HaKO je Moryhe na cc ra] npenopon onarpasa ynpano cana), TO 6JIarOr~aTHO BpeMe, KaKO CJICAII 113 TI1X rrpenan.a, nehe nyro rpajarn. Crapau Ceparpm« Bl1plIliKH jc, na npauep, roBOPl10 0 cavo neTHaCCT rOAHHa. l_IaK H aKO 6y):ie BI1111e THX rOAIIHa, TO ache 1I3MCHIITI1 OIlUITI1 TOK acropnje 11 CBCTCKa pcnonyrmja he nnax 1i0hl1 ):i0 csor rr06C):iHWIKor xpaja.

Ilojaeuhe ce 'L06eK 6e3aKolvcl, CIiH Ll02116eJbll. W.ill ce upoiuueu u upev- 3HOCli 113Hag C6e2a 11ilUO ce 306e E02 IUIIi ceeiiauea, iiuu:o ga he ca,1l ceciiiu Y xpau Eosauu «ao E02, iuepoetiu 3(1 ce6e oa ie E02 (2. CO]]. 2; 4).

Ta noticna ce nehe 0IiHOCHTI1 cavo na ycnocrann.an.e BJlaCTI1 HaA CBeTOM, KOJII1KO Y BJIaCTH HaA YHYTpaUIIhl1M CBCTOM H <IOBCKOBHM JIYXO\1. KaKO no rora MO>Ke noha, /iOBOJbHO jacao noxasvje npauep TOTaJIHTapHHx CCKTH xoje nanac seh nocroje xao oCTpBa 11 MOCT06paIll1 nonaseher IIOBOr CBCTa.

Ca PYCKor npenena:

AHTOHltna Harrrenah

"Bu He »cueuiiie no iiieay, neio no 9YXY"

3a xpnurhane he TO 611TI1 TeUIKa, Aa ne Ka>KCMO crparnna apexena. CHCTeM TOTaJIHC KOJITpOJIe, '!Hje ce TCXHOJIOIIIKC KOIIType neh can Mory sana- 3HTI1, Y'IHIIHhe HeMoryhHM 611JIO KaKBO CI10JhaWlLC nporann.en,e pe>KI1My IIJIl1l!eY'IeCTBOBaH,e y IhCMY (nnrne CC nehe Mohii notiehn 3601' IberOBC cserCKe, nnanerapne TOTaJIHOCTII). Mei)YTI1M, MO>KAa HII TO IIIIjC 0110 najcrpaIIIlIlIje. 3a xpmnhanc je y HCIIpl1jaTeJbCKOM PI1MCKOM liaPCTBY IIJIII y 60JbweBWIKoj Pycnjn rOTOBO YBeK xao MoryhHocT ocrajao rryT OTBOpeHOr IICIlOBeAHHWTBa II MY'IeHI1IIITBa: I1JIII 6p3C CMpTI1, I1JII1 OHC narane, y noropy. YOCTaJIOM, capanunun HKB)J,a cy rrOBpCMCHO rrOKYIIIaBaJIII na "npeBaCIIHrajy" rpahane, "KOjl1 HHCY >KeJIeJII1 Aa cc pasnsojc C pCJII1rI103HI1M peI~III~HBI1Ma 11 npenpacynaaa" , 11 TO nnje YBeK 6IIJIO 6c3ycrrclUHo. TH MeTOnl1 cy, \lei)YTI1M, jour YBeK 611JII1 IICYBIIIIIC rpyoa na 6H yncruuy npenna tlI1JII1 tiOBeKOBY nyury.

Y Be311 C TIIM nOMlIlLe ce npa-ra 0 jCIiJlOM HOBOMY'ICHI1KY, CBelilTeHI1KY xojer cy y rO~\I1HaMa rpabancsor para pesonyuaonapna BOjHI1I~1I noxyiuann .ta npnvopajy lia ce onpexne bora. Oncenann cy My peAOM pyxe 11 norc, H nOCTIC cnaxor ynapua rnrrann ra na JII1 ce onpn-re bora. MCi)YTIIM, on je CBaKlirryT onronapao: "TeJIO je same. a nyura Moja". OBAC cy cc IIcrrYHIIJIe CBaHJ',e.1CKC PC'II1: He 60jiIie ce OHUX KO.i1l y6ujajy iiieno a (j)'llly He 01102)' y6111ulI

80

81

llazupujapx MOCK06CKU U C6e Pycuje Anetccej II ca apxujepejuua Pyctce Ilpaeocnaene QpK6e

fJIAC PA3YMA Y ,[(OBA BE3YMJbA

UPKBA Y HCTOPHJH

I'onaaa 2000. otipanosana jc UpKBY IlpaBocJIaBHY jC):IHllM 0):1 najsnaxajaujax CBCIl,OlJaHCTaBa HCTllHC OTKpllBclba Y 1I0CJIC):IlbllX CTOTllHY ronnna. Tana je, HallMC, CBCTll Apxnjepejcxa Ca60p PYCKC IIpaBocJIaBHc UPK~C 06- jasao CBOjc "OCHOBC cOI~lljaJIHC KOHl\CJII~lljc PIIU", II npsn IIYT na JacaH, y6C):IJbllB II CBllMa ):IOcTYIIaH Ha'IllH ll3JIO)KllO canpeneuu, ann CBCTOOTa'IKllM ,UYXOM, ,UYXOM Hermie, nanaxnyr caoopnn nornen na CBa 6llTHa mrran,a KOja ce TWIY )KllBOTa Y ):I06a T3B. "nocrxpaurhaacxe l\llBllJIll3al\llje". C~ jacnoTOM II npenjnnotuhy ):IOCTOjHOM ):IPCBHllX, PYCKll 60rOCJIOBll cy, y aajennn-rKOM npertryhy, IlOHYAllJIll OArOBOpc aa rrp06JICMC KOjC MyqC caspejreuor '10- BCKa. HCMa 06JIaCTll xoja Hlljc ooacjana: ll3JIO)KCH je OAHOC UpKBe II Ap)KaBC, UPKBC II naunjc, UPKBC H npnspene, UPKBC H JbYACKHX npana; OArOBOpcHO je na mrran.a r.rooanmanajc. CKOJIOrujC. HcjcAHaKoCTH Y CBCTY; H, napasno. II1Halb3 rrpaBOC.1aBHOr xiopa.ra II 6ll0CTllKC. Ha llCTOM MCCTY CC MO)KC Hahn xpmuhancxn vropa.nur CTaB npesra xoxrocexcyanaany H pasapary. a.1H II U\"60KlI 60rOC.10BCKH )'BHAH y rrp06JICMe aoopryca, eyraaasaje, npoxrene nona, reHeTCKHX MatIllIIYJIal\llja H KJIOHHpalba. JCAHOM peujy, KO rOA 6v):Ie )KeJIeo na ce 036llJbHO 6aBll caspeneaourhy H Aa 3Ha IIITa 0 n.oj Ka)KC riPKBa Eoxja, MOft.ll he na ce IIoY3Aa y "Ocaose couajanne KOIfl\CIIl\Hjc PyCKe IIpaBocJIaBHc UpKBC". To je JOIlI JCAaH AOKa3 na UpKBa )KlIBll rryHllM )KllBOTOM II Aa je Y BaCKpCJIOM Tocnony HalIIJIa MYAPOCT nacxpceu,a xoja MO)KC na ofiacja CBe TaMHe KYTKC naure CTBapHOCTll.

OrJIeA CBCIIITCHHKa BJIal\llMllpa 3 jCJIllHCKOr "Eriaronapeu,e )KHBOTY - OA 6HoeTHKe xa IIpcMYll,pOCTH" HYAll. aa CTllJICKll sanpenan na-nnr, HajAY- 6JbC YBlll\C Y CBeTY TajHY paban.a II CMPTH, xao II 0ArOBOp na arrnrrajne YHHIIITClba - a60pTYc, KJIOHHpalbe, eyranasajy. 3jCJIHHCKll noxasyje na je JIHryprajcxo 60rOCJIOBJbC H Y OBHM 06JIaCTllMa KJbyq aa pa3YMcB.alb~ onor CBC'ra xoja je, no Ol\Y JYCTHHY, 60rojaBJbelbe, II 011 or 'IOBCKa, KOJH, JC, orter no Ol\Y JyCTlIHY 60rOCJIY)Ketbe.

IIOCJIC "COl\lljaJIHC xonuernmje PIIU" H omena oua BJIaAHMHpa 3jcJIHHCKOr HHKO ache MohH na ce OIIpaBAaBa PC'ICHHl\aMa THIIa: "IIpaBocJIaBna UpKBa 0 TOMe HCMa H3rpa~CH CTaB". XBaJIa Bory IIITO HaM je onoryhao na A06HjCMO rrpaBOCJIaBHH CTaB 0 CBHM 6HTHHM rrHTalbHMa caBpCMCHOCTH ...

OCHOBE COUHJAHHE KOHUEllUHJEPYCKE llPABOCHABHEUPKBE

OA peAaK~Hje 6oroc~oBcKor ~aconHca AJI(JJ A HOMEr A:

Ees 063Hpa ira TO IIITO je AOKYMCHT "OCHOBC COI(HjaJIHe KOHl\eIII\Hje PyCKC IIpaBOCJIaBHe npxae" (y UITaMIIH IIIlIPOKO naasan "COl\HjaJUIOM AOKTPJIHOM") 06jaBJbeH xao aaceona 6pomypa, oojasn.yjeao ra Il OBI\C jep CMaTpaMo na je sua-raj oaor TCKCTa TaKaB):Ia ca lbcrOBHM canpacajen xropa 61lTH ynosnar CBaKH rrpaBOCJIaBHH xpnurhanan y PYCHjH, 6WIO na je AYXOBHO nnue WIll MHpjaHHH. 0YAyft.H na ce nanr <raCOIIHC AHcrpH6YHpa rryreu rrpCTIIJIaTC H na na raj Ha'IHH nOJIa3H H AO najsafia-rerrnjax Mecra y Pycnja, Ha):laMO ce Aa he TaKO H HaUIH aajynan.enaj« <rJITaOl\H MohH na ce ynosaajy C AOKYMeHToM KOjH je rrOTIIYHo jCAHHcrBeH HC caxro sa naury 3CMJbY nero H sa BaCeJbeHCKO Ilpaaocnasn,e.

Haxo ce 0 "Ocaosaaa" sch HHTeH3UBHO pacnpasn,a KaKO y AYXOBHOj TaKO U Y CBcTOBHOj IIITaMIIH. Mil HUCMO )KCJICJIH na )KypUMO ca OBOM pacnpaBOM. Onnmpan TeKCT he 6HTH 06jaBJbeH Y ABa 6poja H HCKa pasuena MUmn.ea,a MOl'yha je TeK HaKOH IlITO ce y l\eJIHHU IIpO'IllTa. Me~YTUM, najnpe heuo HaBeCTU ABa pasnora 360r KOjuX CMO )KCJIeJIH na <rUTaOl\uMa CKpeHcMO rra)KlbY aa osaj AOKYMCHT CBCTor apxnjepejcxor cariopa.

IIpBU pa3JIOr 6u ce Morao na3BaTU CrrOJbaIIIH,HM, HaKO OH HCMa caxio \IJICUOHapCKO aero U arrOJIOreTCKO sna-rea,e. Ha TCJICBH3uju, panajy HJIU Y urranna qeCTO MO)KCMO Aa BUAIIMO, 'lyjCMO IIJIII rrpO'I1ITaMO KaKO ce HOBUnapa ofipahajy OBOM IIJIII OHOM JIIIl\Y (II TO He 06aBe3HO AYXOBHOM - nonexan .ic AOBOJbHO cavo na ce Ka)KC: "MH, rrpaBOCJIaBmI", ITa na CC npaay-re onrosapajyhe IIHTepeCOBalbC HOBIIHapa) aaxresajyha Aa ra ocofia 1I3HCCC uuuuse!-be UpK6e. lJaK II axo ncrnrrauax 'IBPCTO ocraje npz CTaHOBlIlIITY na aa raKBO MlIlIIJbCH,e HujC onyaouohen U na MO)KC na rosopa cano Y csoje UMC, HOBIIHaplI TO xao Aa He cnyurajy II He npmrehyjy, OHO lIlTO jc H3pc'rCHO noHCKa):l mrrcpnpernpajy caCBIIM rrpOU3BOJbHO, a IIOHCKaA U HCI~06pOHaMepHO. Can, KaA cy ce nojannne "OCHOBe", CBaKO Ol~ Hac je Y MoryhHOCTII na

* * *

83 ::':CCTHI!l(C. KaKO ce 113pa3IfO CReTIf Hpnnej Jlnoncxa, XPIfCTOC je crao na ·'(.W 'IOBe'JaHCTBa JI rrOCTaO [JIaBa 06HOBJbCIIe -rose-mje npapone -- Hsero,,·r Tecla, Y kojes; ce npoaanam "PHCTY" xa H3ROPY C'RCTora llyxa. IJ,pKRa je ·.:JIIHCTRO HOB ora 'IOBeKa y Xpncry, "jCJlHHCTBO nO)KHjc OJIarO)(aTIf xoja )KH;'lI y xmourrny pa3yMHHx crsopen,a lIITO ce noxopasajy OJlaroJlaTH" (A. Xo\!iaKoB). "Myurxapnu, )KCHC, neua, Jly6oKo pa3J1eJbeHH Y onnocy na pacy, uaunjv. je3HK, Ha'IHH )KIfBOTa. pan. HaYKY, sanaxau.e, 6oraTcTBo ... IJ,pKBa CRe ""IL\ OOHaBJba y Ilyxy ... On n.e CEH lwoIfja jy jennncrneny "PHPOJlY, nenocrvrmy rrpOrraI\JbHBOCTH, npapony, na xojy He yTWIY MHoro6pojlIc H AYOOKe 1':1 3.1IfKe, xojnaa ce JI, YJlH pa 3JIHKyjy jcgHJI 01\ JlPYrIIX ... Y n.oj HJlKO nnje 'JBojelI OJI 3ajegHwIKor, H CBH xao na cc cjenHH,yjy jeuan ca npyrm: nocpen~""TBOM npocre JI HCpa3J1CJhHBC CHJIC nepe ... " (CE. MaKCIfM I1ClIOBeI\HHK).

1. 2. IJ,pKBa je 60IwIOBctIaHcKIf opranaaax. EY1WhH na jc TeJIo XPH- 00BO, ona y ce6H cjemm.yje nne npHpOl\e- 60)KaHcKY H 'IoBetIHjy, ca u,HMa caojcrnenaa ncjcrnaaa H BOJI,aMa. TIo CEOjOj -ionc-raucxoj, rsapnoj npnpoJil. IJ,pKBa je rrOBC3aHa ca tIOBC'JaHCTBOM. Me~Y'fl1M, OHa "C nejcrnyje c Ibl1M

82

JI,y6orrIfTJbIfBe ynyrn na raj JlOKYMCIIT, npa lICMY TO rpetia Y'IHHHTH c 1\0- BOJbHHM CTcneHOM aprYMeHTOBalIOCTIf xoja ce jasn.a npHJIHKOM n.erosor na)KJbHBOr -nrran.a, rj. HC cano YKa3HBaH,eM aa nocrojan.e raxsor TeKCTa, Hero ya l\y60KO paayaesan.e u.eroae crpyxrype H JIOrHKC.

Ilpyrn pa3JIOr jc raj, HITO HaM CC '!HHH na 6If "(kHoBC" MOrJIe na noCTaHY Ba)KaH MaTepHjaJI sa sepoy-nrren,e. Beh je 6HJIO I\OBOJbHO pe-nt 01'0- MC na MliorH xpIfII1haHH - rrO'leTHHUH llIfCY y cran.y na cefin pasjacnc csoj OI\HOC ca caBpcMcHIfM CBCTOM, 3601' -rcra If nanajy Y pa3IIOBpCHC 3a6JIYAc OJI Te)Ku,e xa nOTnYHoM ynan.asan.y on isera go 3aXTCBa na My ce IJ,pKBa 6e3 oxnesan,a npanaronn H na "xpene yxopax" C OBHM BeKOM. Ynpaso TaKBC rpetuxe If MO)Ke na npenynpenn 1\0KYMeHT Catiopa KOjIf osne 06jaBJbyjcMO - KaHOHCKH npnxnahen If 3601' rora aYTopHTaTIfBaH 360pHIfK rnennurra IJ,pKBe na )KHBOT npaBOCJIaBHHX xpamhaaa y caspeaenou npynrrny.

Oaaj 1\0KYMeHT, KOjH jc npnxaarao CBeTIf apxnjepejcxa cafiop PYCKC npasocnanne UpKBe H3J1a)Ke OCHOBlie IIOCTaBKe n.enor y-rea.a y Be3H C rnrrau,HMa UpKBeHo - gp)KaBHIfX onnoca If IIH3a caapexrenax, npyurrneno saa-iajII If X npooneua. D,oKYMeHT raxohe onpaxcana 3BaHWIaH CTaB MOCKOBCKC narpnjapurnje y crpepa capann,e ca !lP)KaBOM H CBCTOBHIfM gpYWTBOM. OCHM rora, 011 YCTaHOBJbyje HH3 PYKOBOgHJlX na-rena xoje y naroj 06JIaCTH npnnen.yjy enncxona, cseurremnta If MHpjaHH.

Kapaxrep gOKYMeHTa onpeben jc u,erOBOM YCMepeHoIIIhy xa norpetiaMa TIYHOTC PYCKe TIpaBOCJlaBHe IJ,PKBC TOKOM nyror ncropnjcxor nepuona a na xanoncxoj TCPHTOPIfjIf MOcKoBcKe narpajapuraje H If3Bali n.eaax rpannua. 3601' rora cy n.eros maBHJI npenxcr CPYHJlaMeHTaJIlIa 60rOCJIOBCKa H UPKBCHO-COI\IfjaJIHa naran.a, a raxohe H OHC CTpaHC )KIfBOTa npxcaae H sajennaue KOjH cy 6IfJlH H ocrajy nonjennaxo aKTYCJlHH aa CBY UPKBCHY nynory xpajea 20. BCKa If Y Haj6J1H)Koj 6ygyhHOCTH.

1. OCHOBHE BOrOC~OBCEE nOCTABEE

. . .

xao nyKIf 3eMaJbCKH opranasav. nero y CBO] CBO]O] Ta]HHCTBeHO] rrY"OTH.

Y npano 60[()lIOne'laHCKa npnpona UPKBC H 'IHHH MoryhHM 6JIarogan!H rrpeoopaxaj H o-raurben.e CBCTa, xoje CC y acropnjn caspmana Kp03 crnapana-rKO canejcrno, "cnneprajy" YI\OBa H Tnaae upxsenor rena.

IJ,pKBa nnje on osora CBeTa, xao IIITO HIf I'ocnon Hcyc XPIfCTOC nnjc OJl osora CBeTa. Me~yTHM, Oil je lwwao y osaj cner, "CMHPHBWH" ce go n.eroBIIX OKOJIIIOCTIf - Y cser, KOjH je rpeoano na crrace H BacrrOCTaBH. Ocrsapyjy- 1111 csojy HCKyrrHTcJI,cKY MHCHjy, IJ,pKBa Mopa na npohe Kp03 npouec HCTOpnjcxor KeH03Ifca. Hsen UHJh naje cairo CIIaCClhC JbygIf y OBOM CBeTY, nero H cnacen.e H aacnocrasn.an,c canor CBeTa. IJ,pKBa jc npnanana na y cBeTY nejcrsyje rro yrJlcgy na Xpacra, CBC)\O'ICfiH 0 lbeMY If lberonoa IJ,apCTBY. lJJIaHOBH IJ,pKRe cy npH3BaHH na cc npanpyxe XPHCTOBOj MHcHjH, Hseroaov cJlyJKeH>y cBeTY, xoje je aa Llpxny Moryhc jenano xao cafiopuo cJlY)Keu,c, oa ceeiu eepvje (Jn. 17: 21). UpKEa jc npmnana na CJlY)KH cnacen.y CBCTa, jep nIf CaM ('HH lJoBelJHjIf nuie aotuao qa My cnysce He20 go cnyxu II go gage .JlCUBOIU CBOj y OcUKy11 sa "tH02e (MK. 10: 45).

ClIaCHTeJb 0 CC6H Ka)KC: Ia ca.M Jltef)y BaAta «ao (1)'2a (IlK. 22; 27). CnyJKClhe y IfMC cnacen.a CBCTa H tIOBeKa HC MO)Ke na ce orpana-rn HaI(HOHaJIHHM HJIH PCJIIffIf031!lIM OKBHpHMa, KaKO 0 TOMC jacno ronopn CaM Tocnon Y rrpW!H 0 MIfJlOCpgHOM CaMapjaHHIIY. OCHM rora, ynosa IJ,PKRC ce noscayjy C XPHCTOM, Kojn je noneo CEC rpexose H crpanaa.a CBCTa, cycpesum cnaxor rnannor, 6CCKyfiHHKa, 60JIeClIOra, 3aTBOpe1IHKa. Ilovoh cTpa1\aJIHIfKY je y npanojr CMHCJlY nonoh CaMoM X PI1CTY H C acrryn.en.ev re 3anOBCCTH nOBC-

1. 1. IJ,pKBa je cafiop sepyjyhnx y XPHCTa, Y KOjIf jc On CaM csaxora npmsao ua cryna. Y n.o] "CBe He6eCKO H 3CMaJbCKO" Mopa 6HTIf cjennn.eno \ XpIICTY, jep je On 2,tWBO Llpxee «oja je LUeJlQ ibe20BO, IIYHoha OH02a Koju cee IICll_l'I-b(lBO y CBeAty (Edi, 1; 22-23). Ilejcrnoaan.ea Cserora Ilyxa y IJ,PKBH cc caapurana 06o)Kcu,e TBOpeBJlHe H ocrnapyje npB06IfTHa savncao bO)KJlja ,) CBtTy II lIoBeKY.

UpKBa je HCXOI\ HCKY"HTeJbCKOr nonsara CHHa, nOCJIaTOra 0)1 Oua, H ocscurraaajvher nenan.a CBCTora Ilyxa, KOjIf je cmnao na BeJlHKH AaH TIe-

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sana je ne-ma cYA6IIHa csaxor xoaexa (B. MT. 25; 31-46). XP"CTOC rr03IIBa Csoje y~IeHIIKe na ce He rnymajy CBeTa Hero na 6YAY "co 3eMJbII" II "cseTJIOCT csery".

bYAyhll na je TeJIo Eoro-roaexa XPIICTa, II UpKBa je 60ro'IoBe'IaHcKa.

MeI)YTIIM, aKO je XP"CTOC caBpmeHII bOrO'lOBeK, onna UpKBa jour YBeK HIIje caspureno 60rO'lOBemTBO jep OHa na 3eMJbII paryje ca rpexosr, a IbeHO 'lOBeIlITBO, lIaKO je 1I3HyTpa II cjeAIIIbeHO ca bO)KaHCTBOM, AaJIeKO je OA 'rora na [a y CBeMY 1I3pa)KaBa II na My Y CBeMY OArOBapa.

1. 3. )KIIBOT Y UPKBII, na xoja je rrp1I3BaH CBaKlI 'lOBeK, jecre nenpecraHO CJIY)Kelbe Eery H JbYAIIMa. Ha TO CJIY)Kelbe npnanaa ce BaCu;eJIH HapOA bO)KlIjlI. Yxecrayjyha y onurrest CJIY)KeIbY, YAOBH TeJIa XP"CTOBor 1I3BpIlIasajy II caoje noceoae <PYHKU;lIje. CBaKOMe ce naje noceoan nap KojlIM he CJIy)KIITII CBIIMa. CBaKu «ao tuiuo je iipuuuo 6Jla20fjaillHU fjap, fbUMe cnysauue jeonu fjPY211Ma, «ao ootipu yupaeuuiensu pasnoepcue 6Jla20fjaLUU EOJICuje (1. IIeTp. 4; 10). Jep jeououe ce fjaje Kp03 Ilyxa peu MYfjPOCLUU, a fjPY20Me pe« snana iio UClUOM Ilyx», a fjpY20Me eepa UCUiUM JI.YXOM; a fjpY20Ate capoeu ucuen-ueatea IIClUlI.1f Ilvxo«: a qpviosie ttllfbefbe ttYfjeca, a fjPY20Ate iipopoLUllABO, a opvios« pas.iuxoeane 9YXOBa, a 9Py20.lIe pa3.111ttHU jesuuu, a fjpy- 20.lIe t71Y.IWttefbe jesuxa. A CBe OBO uunu jeoa« IICllAU Ilyx, cenehu CBaKOMe iiouaocoti KaKO xotie (1. Kop. 12: 8-11). Ilaposx paanonpcae finaronaru Eo)Kllje najy ce CBaKOM nojenana-mo, ana pana aajenna-rxor CJIY)KeIba napona bO)Klljer (yKJby'lyjyhll y TO II CJIY)KeIbe cBeTY). To II jecre onnrre CJIY)KeIbe UpKBe, xoje ce He caapurasa na OCHOBY jenner Hero na OCHOBY MHomx napona. Pa3HoBpcHOCT naposa crsapa 11 pa3HoBpcHOCT CJIY)KeIba. MeI)YTllM, pasnuuuiuu cy oapoeu, anu je D,yx UCLUll; pasnunuiiia cy fjejcUlBa, asu je uciuu E02 Koju fjejcUiByje CBe Y ceuua (1. Kop. 12; 5-6).

Ilpxsa npasana csoja sepaa srena na yxeurbe Y APYIlITBeHoM )KIIBOTY, xoje ce Mopa 3aCHIIBaTII na Ha'leJIIIMa xpnurhaacxe MOpaJIHOCTII. Y IlpsocseIlITeHII'IKoj MOJIIITBII, Tocnon Hcyc ce MOJIIIO OU;y He6eCKOM sa Csoje CJIeA- 6eHIIKe: He MOJlUJot oa ux Y3Metu Ofj CBeLUa He20 oa IIX cauyeaiu Ofj 3Jl02a ... Kao uauo Til iiocna Meue Y ceeiu, II Ja teux iiocnax Y cBeiIi (JH. 17; 15, 18). HenonyCTllBO je MaHllxejcKo rnyman.e HaA )!(IIBOTOM CBeTa KOjlI Hac oxpyxyje. Y'leurhe xpamhaunna y IbeMY Mopa ce 3aCHIIBaTII na pa3YMeBaIbY rora na cy cser, COU;lIyM II p,p)KaBa 06jeKTll Jby6aBll bO)KlIje, jep cy npenonpehea« na ce rrpeo- 6pa3e II O'llICTe aa Ha'leJIIIMa 60r03arroBel)eHe Jby6aBII. XplImhaHIIH je AY)KaH na CBeT II APYUITBO rroorarpa y CBeTJIOCTII IbIIXOBor KOHa'IHor npenonpeben.a, y eCXaTOJIOIIlKoj CBeTJIOCTll UapCTBa bO)KlIjer. Pa3HoBpcHOCT naposa y UpKBII ce aa nocerian Ira~IIIH npojann.yje y OOJIaCTII n.eroaor ApYIlITBeHor cJIY)KeIba (CJIY)KeIba y 3ajeAHllU;II). Hepa3AeJblIBII u;pKBeHII opranaaav yxecrayje y

;+JIBOTY CBeTa xojn ra oxpyzcyje y CBOj nynorn. MeI)YTHM, CBeUITeHCTBO, MOHaUITBO 11 MllpjaHll Mory na OCTBape TO yxetuhe y pa3JIH'lllTllM CTerreHIIMa.

1. 4.l1crrYlbaBajyhll MIIClljy cnacasan.a JbYACKor pona, UpKBa TO He ~I1IHIl .:a~1O Kp03 nenocpenny nponosen Hero II Kp03 A06pa AeJIa, ycaepeua na rrorrpaBJbaIbe P,YXOBHo-MOpaJIIIOr II MaTeplljaJIlIOr cran,a OKOJIIIOr CBeTa. 360r Tora ona cryna y ysajanny Be3Y ca Ap)KaBOM xax 11 aKO OHa lIeMa xpnuthaacxa xapaxrep, a raxobe II ca pa3JIll'I1ITIIM ApYIIlTBelIllM acouajaunjaaa II nojennHim JbYAIIMa, xax II aKO ce ona ne noacronehyjy ca xpaurhaxcxov BepOM. He nocraarsajyhn nenocpenaa 3aAaTaK na CBe npeotiparn y Ilpaaocnasn.e xao YCIOB aa capamsy, UpKBa ce nana na he 3ajeAIIll'lKO A06po~IIIIICTBO npasecrn u.ene carpynnaxe II JbYAe xojn je OKPY)Kyjy xa rr03HaIbY I1CTllHe, na he lIM noaoha na oxysajy IIJIll na BaCrrOCTaBe nepnocr OA bora AaTllM MOpaJIlIlIM HopMaMa, Aa he ax noxpenyrn xa MlIpy, CarJIaCHOCTII 11 6JIarOcTaIbY, jep IlpKBa y TIIM YCJIOBllMa najtion,e MO)Ke Aa acnyna csoje crraCOHOCHO nenan,e,

2. I.I;PKBA II HAI.I;IIJA

2.1. CTap03aBeTHII uapaan.cxn napon 6110 je rrpaofipas napona bO)KHjer - HOB03aBeTHe UpKBe Xpacrose. Hcxynaren.cxa nonnar XplICTa Crracnren,a rrOJIO)KIIO je TeMeJbe nocrojan.y UpKBe xao HOB or tIOBe'laHCTBa - JYXOBHor rrOTOMCTBa rrpaou;a Aspaaaa. XPllCTOC Hac je CBOjOM KPBJbY UC«viiuo E02Y U3 cBaK02a pooa U iesuxa U Hapofja U iineuena (OTKp. 5; 9). no cavoj csojoj npaponn Ilpxsa lIMa BaCeJbeHCKII II, caMIIM TIIM, HaAHaU;IIOHaJIHII KapaKTep. Y UPKBH HeMa pa3JIHKe H3Mel)y I'pxa H Jespejana (B. PIIM. 10; 12), C 06311pOM na TO na Eor anje Eor caxo Jeapejaxa, Hero H OHHMa KOjlI [lOTII'IY 1I3 He3Ha60)Ka~IKHX (narancxnx) napona (B. PHM. 3; 29), TaKO HH IlpKBa He AeJIH JbYAe npeaa HaU;HOHaJIHIIM llJIII KJIaCHHM 06eJIe)KjHMa: y n.oj neua uu Ienuua uu lyoejua, otipesatea uu neotipesau.a, eapeapuua nu CKUilia, potia HU cnotioanatca, He20 je CBe Y CBeMY XpUClUOC (KoJI. 3; 11).

Y canpeaenou cBeTY, nojan "aaunja" ynorpefirsaaa ce Y ABa aaa-ten,a - y CMIICJIY eTHlI'lKe sajenaane II y CMllCJIY CBeYKyrrHocTII rpahana onpehene npxase, Capamsy UpKBe II nauaje rperiano 61I paavarpara KaKO y KOHTeKCTy npnor, TaKO II y KOHTeKCTY npyror CMllCJIa 're pe-m.

Ila 6ll ce osna-mo nojau "HapOA", y CTaPOM 3aBeTY ce xopncre (jespejcxe) pexa 'am II go}. Y jespejcxoj bll6JIlIjlI, 06a TepMIIHa cy A06IIJIa nornyno KOHKpeTHO sna-res.e: npBllM je 03Ha'laBaH ll3pa1IJbCKII, 60rOll3a6paHH HapOA, a APyrllM, y MHO)KllHll - go jim - narancxa napona. Y rpsxoj bll6JIlljll (rj. Y npesony Ceuiuyaiuuiua), npsa TepMHH je npeaecen llMeHHu;aMa "Aa6c;" (napon) IIJIH "8~1l0C;" (napon xao nomrnrsxa rsopenana), a npyra - llMeHll-

""n " (·"n 6)

UOM E,:rV0C; lIaU;Hp, MHO)KIIHa: E,:rVOl - rraraHII, He3Ha OUIUII .

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Cynporcrann.aa,c 60rOl13a6paHor nspaax.cxor napona II OCTaJIllX napona nposejasa Kp03 CBC crap03aBCTHC Klhllre, KOjC CC ua osaj llJIIi ouaj na'IllH )lOTH'ly acropaje Hspann.a. 113pallJI>CKIl napon nnje 6110 60rOll3a6paII 360r rora IlITO je 6POjHOIlIn.y IIJII1IIC'IllM APyrl1M npCBa311JIa3110 npyre napone, Hero 3aTO urro ra je Ear 113a6pao 11 3aBOJICO (13. 5. Mojc. 7; 6-8). Ilojav 6oroll3aopaHor napona 6110 je y CTaPOM 3aBCTY peJITlrl1031I1I nojav. OcehaIhe HaI\IIOHaJIHe sajennunc, KapaKTCpI1CTH'IHO aa CI1I10BC Hspann.ese, 6IIJIO jc yxopcn.eno y lhl1XOBY CBCCT 0 npnnanan.y Eory Kp03 3aBCT (caacs) KOjll je Focnon CKJIOIIllO C IhlIXOBIlM oql1Ma. 113pallJI>cKI1 napon je nocrao aapon Eo)!(Iljll, a n.cron IIpl1311B 6110 je na 'lyBa sepy y jennnor ncrmnrror Bora II na 0 TOj nepn cneno-m "PCA I1pyrllM naponava, KaKO 61l ce Kp03 n.cra cBeTY jasuo CIIaCHTeJI, CBHX JI, y)"I1l - EOI'O'-IOBCK I1cyc Xpncroc.

OCIlM npnnaunourhy CBIlX n.crosax npencrasnaxa jC)"IHOj pennrnja, jc)"IIlHCTBO napona Boxnjcr ocnrypano jc II IIJIeMCHCKOM II je3H'IKOM 3ajc)"IHI1- I~OM II yxopea.enourhy y onpehenoj 3CMJhll - oTaI,I6IlHIl.

TIJIeMCHCKa sajennaua 113paHJLaqa llMaJIa je aa CBOjy OCHOBY lhHXOBO rrOpCKJIO 011 jenner IlCTOr npaoua - Anpaaxra: J1.IWAIO OIW Aepaaua (MT. 3; 9, JIK. 3; 8), rOBOpllJIH cy I1PCBHH Jynej«, nonana-rehn CBOjy npnnanaocr rroTOMCTBY OHOI'a, KOjcM jc Ear O,[{PC,[{MO l~a IIOCTaHC OIUal£ Mfl0211X uapooa (1. Mojc. 17; 5). Bennxa 3Haqaj rtpnnanao ce oxysarsy 'Il1CTOTC KfJBl1: HHCY 0110- 6paBaHI:! 6paKoBH ca HIIOnJICMCHHliHMa, jep ce IIpH TaKBHM 6paKoBHMa cseiuo CeJ1e MemaJIO ca uuoiinescenui« uapoouua (B. Je3Ap. 9; 2).

113paHJI,cKoM napony jc 0)"1 Eora y yneo 61lJIa nara ofiehana 3CMJI,a. 113auJaBIIIH H3 Erarrra, raj napon je notuao y Xauaan, y 3CMfuY csojax rrpenaxa, H no 3anOBeCTIl DO)!(Hjoj OH jy je H OCBOjHO. On Tor TpCHYTKa, "3e!lma xauaancxa" je nOCTaJIa 3eMJJ,a Hapaan.ena, a lhCHa npecroanua - J cpycaJJHM )"I06HO jc ana-raj rnasuor TiYXOBHor I:! IIOJIHTH'IKOr cpenunrra 60rOH3a- 6paHOI' uapona, 113paHJbCKH HapOA rosopno je jel1HHM je3HKoM, KOjH HHjC 6HO cauo CBaKOI1HeBHH Hero II jC3HK MOJII:!TBC. OCHM rora, crapojenpejcxn jc 6HO H jC311K OTKpOBeILa, jep je I1a lhCMY CaM DOl' rOBOpl10 C uaponon 113paHJI,eBHM. Y CIIOXIl npen TiOJIa3aK XPHCTOB, Kal1 cy )!(IlTefuH J yneje 1'0130- PllJIH na apanejcxon jeauxy II KaT\ jc rp-rxa 6HO ysnurnyr y panr I1p)!(aBIIOr jC311Ka, npeva jespejcsosr cy HaCTaBHJIH l1a ce nonaurajy xao npeaa CBCTOM jC3I1KY, na xoje« je caspurasaao 60rocn)")KClhC y xpaxiy.

Eynyha no CBOjOj upaponn BaCCfuCIfCKa, Ilpxsa jc llCTOBpeMeHO H jcJaH Opl'aHH3aM, TeJIO (B. 1. Kop. 12; 12). Ona je 3aje)"lllllqa 'ICl1a bO)!(HjHX, poo IIJa6paHU, uapoco ceeuuiienciueo, uapoo ceeiiiu, uapoo saaotiuieu ... KO/11 uet.tu) ue tiejaiue uapoo a caoa je uapoa Eoscuju (1. Ilerp, 2; 9-10). Jennn~'TB() ror 1I0Bor napoua He 06e36c!)yje ce HH HaliHOHaJJHOM, IIll Ky.TITypIIOM

!m je3lI'IKOM 3ajC)"IHllIiOM, Hero BepOM y Xpncra H Kpurrea.ea. HOBH HapOA E,»)J(Ujll HeMa osne nocrojaan rpan, Hero rpazca onaj xoja he )"IOn.H (B . .JCBp. U: 14). Ilyxosaa nocrojtinaa CBHX xpmnbana nnje 3eMaJI,CKH Hero "nnunsa" Jepvcanau (Fan. 4; 26). Enanben,e XPIlCTOBO HC nponosena ce na CBcrOM Je3HKY, nocryrmon cano jel1HOM aapony nero ua CBllM je3Hl\HMa ()J,eJIa an. 2; 3-11). EBaH!)eJI,C ce He nponosena 3601' 'rora na Gil jenan nsaripana napon o-ivaao HCTHHHTY sepy, Hero 3aTO )"Ia 611 CC v J1.w.e J1CYC060 uotcnouuno caaKO tconeno tuiuo je na ueoecuua II ua Je.I1JbIl II II0g JeMJbOM, II aa ceaicu jeJIIK iipusua ga je J1cyc Xpuciiioc Fociioa na CJW6Y SOla Oua (<PHJIllIIJJ,. 2; 1 0-11).

2. 2. BaCeJI,eJICKll xapaxrcp Ilpxse He 3Ha'Ill, MC!)YTHM, na xpmuhann HeMajy npasa na I1aqHonaJIHY caM06llTHOCT, aa HaIiIlOHaJIHO cavompaxasau,e. HarrpOTHB, Llpxna y CC6ll oojenan.yje BaCeJI,eHCKO H HaIiHOHaJIliO Hd'lCJJO. TaKO ce TIpaBOCJIaBHa upxna, 6y,TWn.H BaCeJI,CHCKa, cacrojn 0)"1 MHOlIITBa ayroxerpannnx IIOMeCHIIX upxasa. h YiiYn.1l CBeCHH ce6e xao rpahana He6eCKe oTaI,I6HHC, rrpaBOCJJaBHH xpmuhann He rpefia na aatiopase HI:! CBOjy 3eMaJI,CKY nOCToj611HY. CaM 60)!(aHCTBellll YTeMeJI,HTCJI, Ilpxne, I'ocnon Hcyc XPHCTOC, nnje HMao 3eMafuCKO YTOlII:iIIITC (E. MT. 8; 20) H YKa3I:!BaO je H3 TO na ysren.e xoje 0" )"IOHOCH nejra HHTH JIOKaJIHIl HIlTIl HaIiIlOHaJIHIl xapaxrep: D.OJlaJU uac «aaa ce flehe{ue «nateaiuu GIlY uu ua 20pU OBOj uu Y Jepycanuuy (JII. 4; 21). OH je, YOCTanOM, Ce6e rrOHCTOBehI:!BaO ca HapO)"lOM KOjCM jc npnnanao rro 'IOBe'lHjeM pohen.y. Eecenehn ca Cauapjaaxo«, OH nOI1BJIa'lH CBOjy rrplIIIal1HOCT jynejcxoj aaunja: Bu ce touueaiue onoue Ill[UO ue suaiiie, a .1111 ce KJlafbaMO OHOMe tuiuo 3HaMO, jep je cuaceue og Iyoeiaua (JH. 4; 22). Hcyc je 6110 JJojaJIaH nonanax pmrcxor uapcrsa H rrJIaTHO je nopes y KOPI:!CT nesapa (E. MT. 22; 16-21 ).l1aKo je y CBOjHM rrOCJJaHHIiaMa y'IHO o Ha)"lHal\HOHaJIHOM xapaxrepy Ilpxse Xpacrose, aliOCTOJI TIaBJJC HHje sa- 60paBJI,aO)"la je on no pohen.y "Jenpejmr 0)"1 Jenpeja" (<PHJJHnJI,. 3; 5), a no I'pa!)aHcTBY PHMJI,aHIlH (J1:cJIa arr. 22; 25-29).

K YJITypHe pa3JIHKe Me!)y rrojeAHHllM aaponana napascaaajy ce y JIHryprajcxov H OCTaJJOM upxseaou CTBapaJJaIIITBY, y OC06HTocTHMa xpmuhancxor ycrpojcrsa )KHBOTa. CBe TO crnapa xpmnhancxy HaqHoHaJJHY xynrypy,

Meby CBeTHMa xoje nourryje TIpaBOCJJaBHa upxsa, MHOru cy ce rrpoCJIaBHJJH JI,y6aBJI,y H npenanomhy CBOjOj 3eMaJJ,CKoj oTaI,I6IIHH. PYCKIl xarnorparpcxa 1l3BOPH xsane "cseror 6JJarOBepHor KHe3a" MHxaIIJJa Taepcxor, KOjH je "rrOJJO)!(HO nyury sa CBOjy oTaI,I6HHy". Hscros nonanr ynopebyjy C My'IeHH'IKHM nO)"lBHrOM cseror BeJIHKOMY'IeHHKa D,HMHTpHja COJIYHCKor, "6JIaror ora-racrnon.ynua ... ", xojn je sa CBOjy oTaI,I6HHY, rpan COJlYH, PCK30 CJIe)"Ien.e: 'Tocnone, aKO noryoam osaj rpan II ja hy C IhHM IIponaCTH. a aKO ra cnacern H ja hy ce cnacrn". Y CEIlM enoxana.Llpxna je rr0311B3.13 CB')la 'It;":;;}

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na Jby6e 3eMaJhCKY ClTaI]611HY 11 na, YKOJIllKO 611 ce aaurna y onacnocru, He urrene Hll csoje )KllBOTe pana lbeHe O)l6paHe.

PYCKa upxsa je MHoro rryTa 6JIarOCllJbaJIa napon aa y-reuthe y OCJI060- AllJIa'IKOM paTy. Taxo je 1380. r. npenonotina Ceprnje, panoa.euncn llrYMaH 11 'IYAoTBOpall" 6JIarOCJIOBllO PYCKY BojCKY na 'leJIY ca CBeTllM 6JIarOBepHllM KHe30M J~IlMllTplljeM )J,OHCKllM, aa 611TKY ca TaTapcKo-MOHrOJICKllM ocnaja'II1Ma. 3aTllM je 1612. narpajapx MOCKOBCKllllll,eJIe Pycnje I'epvoren 6JIaroCJIOBllO naponna YCTaHaK aa 60p6y C rrOJbCKllM llHTepBeHTllMa. Y BpeMe para C cppaHll,ycKllM ocaaja-nma, 1813. 1', narpnjapx MOCKOBCKll ~IlJIapCT 1'0- BOPllO je CBOjOj nacrnn: "YKOJIllKO ce 6YAelll KJIOHllO CMpTll sa 'IaCT nepe 11 CJI060AY OTaI]611HC, YMpehelll xao 3JIO'IllHall, 11 p06; aKO yxpeiu sa sepy 11 OTaI]611HY, npasraheur )KllBOT 11 BeHa1\ na netiy."

Caern JOBaH Kpomtrrarcxa je 0 Jby6aBll npeva 3eMaJhCKoj oTaI]611Hll sanacao cnenehe: "J1y611 3eMaJbcKY oTaI]611HY ... OHa 're je onrajana, OAJIllKOBaJIa, YKa3aJIa TH nourroeaue, Y CBeMY YAOBOJbHJIa. MC~YTllM, nocefiao Jby611 He6eCKY OTaI,I6IIHY, jep je neynopenano nparouennje OJ\ OBe (aevanCKe), 3aTO lllTO je CBeTa, npasenaa 11 nenponann.asa. Ta oTaI]611Ha je 3aAO- 611jeHa sa rerie HenpOll,elbllBOM KPBJby Cana EO)Klljer. Ila 611 6110 rpahannn Te OTaI]611He, nourryj 11 Jby611lbeHe 3aKOHe, xao IlITO Cll 06aBe3aH na nourryjeur 11 xao lllTO nourryjeur 3aKOHe 3eMaJbCKe oTaI]611He."

2. 3. Xpmuhancxn narpaornsaa ce acronpesreno acnorsaaa 11 y 0AHOCY ira naunjy xao erna-rxy 3ajeJ\HIl1\Y If y OJ\HOCY na ):Ip)KaBY xao 3ajeAHIl1\Y rpabana. Ilpaaocnaaaa xpmnhannn je n03BaH na BOJIIf CBOjy OTaI]611Hy xoja llMa reparopajanse AlIMeH311je, xao 1I CBOjy 6pahy no KpBll xoja )Kif Be cBYAa y cBeTY. TaKBa JI,y6aB npencrasn,a jenan 0J\ nannna acnya.eu,a sanoaecra Eo)KlIje 0 Jby6aBli npeua 6JIlI)KlbeM, lllTO YKJbY'lyje Jby6aB npeua CBOjOj IlOpOAIl1\If, npeua CanJIeMeHIf1\IlMa 11 npexa cyrpahanaua.

IIaTp"oT13aM npaBOCJIaBHOr xpmnhanuna Mopa ):Ia oy)J,e )J,eJIaTaH. OH ce ncnoisaaa y aaumrrn OTaJ,loUHe O)J, nenpajarersa, pana ua )J,oopy )J,OMOBUHe, OPU]U 0 ypeljelby naponnor )KUBOTa, a mTO ce MO)Ke OCTBapUTU unocpe)J,CTBOM ysemha y nOCJIOBUMa ynpaBJbalba )J,p)KaBOM. Xpaurhanan je noJBaH na osyna U paanaja HaU:UOHaJIHY xynrypy U HapO)J,Hy caMOCBeCT.

Kana je aaunja, rpahancxa IfJIIf ernaxxa, y rrOTrrYHOCTIl nna y aehann c.tv-rajesa MOHOKOHcpeCllOHaJIIIa npaBOCJIaBHa sajenaaua, OHa ce y 113BeCHOM OIllC.l)" MO)Ke npnxsarara xao jennacraena sajenaana Bepe - xao npasoc.laBHll napon,

2. 4. Hcroapeveao, HaI~IlOHaJIHa ocehan.a Mory na nocrany 11 Y3POK rpeunuix nojana xao lIlTO cy arpecasna Hall,1I0HaJIIl3aM, KceHocp0611ja, naUl!l1H3.1Ha llCKJbY'lIlBOCT 11 MeljyeTHll'IKO aenpajaren.crao. Y CBOM KpajlbeM

mpasy, ra nojasa 'leCTO AOBOA" 1.10 orpana-ianan,a npasa JIlI'lHOCTlill napo.ia. 1.10 parona 1I OCTaJIllX acncrsanan,a nacnn,a.

IIpaBoCJIaBHoj emu:u nporueype-m I1o)J,eJIa napona ua oOJbe U nouiuje, .. ao U YIIU)f{aBalbe 6uJI0 xoje eTIIU'IKe UJIU rpahancxe naunje, YTOJIliKO cy joui amue neycarnamena ca bH6JIHjOM OHa Y'lclba xoja Hau:ujy nocrasn.ajy yMCCTO bora u cnynrrajy BCPY )J,O jeanor O)J, acnexa'ra HaU:UOllaJIHe caMOCBeCTU.

Cynporcraan.ajyha ce TaKBllM rpeuntav nojasaaa, Ilpaaocnasua u:pKBa spurn MHCUjy nOMHpclba U3Mcljy naunja U IbHXOBUX npeacranuaxa KOjH cy yBy'lCHH Y cYK06. Taxo, na npaxep, TOKOM MeljyeTllu'IKuX KOHli>JIHKaTa ona lie craje HH na 'Iu.iy cTpally, UJY3CB y cJIy'lajy na jC)J,Ha crpana UCnOJbaBa orsopeny arpecnnuocr IIJIU uenpanny,

3. :QPKBA II ,LI;P)KABA

3. 1. Kao 60rO'Ione'IaHCKli oprannaax, U:pKBa HCMa caMO rajancrncny cyurrnny, HerrOPUIlbCHY crnxnjava cnera, Hero HMa H OHY HCTOPHjCKY xoja JOJIa3H Y ):IOAliP H ysajasote onnoce ca cnon.aunsnu cnerov, rra caMliM TllM 1I ca Ap)KaBOM. Ilpzcana, xoja IlOCTOjH pann )'CTpojCTBa cacrcsnor )KIIBOTa, raxohe AOJIa3H y AOAlIP II cryna y y3ajaMHll OAHOC ca UpKBOM. Y3ajaMHII OAHOCll ~p)KaBe If CJIeA6eHlIKa IICTIlHCKe pennrnje 1I3MeHllJIII cy ce TOKOM ncropaje.

llPB0611TlIa hennja JbY):lCKOr ApYIlITBa 611JIa je noponaua, CBeIlITelIa acropnja Crapor 3aBen caeno-m 0 TOMe na ce npxasa naje 0AMax Y06JIll-mna, CBe J\O OAJIaCKa Jocarpoae 6pahe y Ernnar, craposaaerun napon lIlljC llMao AP)KaBY 1I nocrojana je cauo narpajapxanna POAOBCKa aajennaua. Ilpxana je nocreneno no-rena na ce crsapa y enoxa CYJ\lIja. Kao pe3YJITaT CJIO)KeHOr ncropnjcxor paasoja KOjllM PYKOBOAll EO)Klfjll npoxacao, YCJIO)Klbasan.e npyurrsennx BC3a ):IOBeJIO je AO ofipaaosan,a npzcane.

Y ):IpeBHOM Hspaan.y, AO nepuona U:apCTBa, nocrojana je jeAliHa Y llCTOpnja lICTlIHCKa reoxparnja lIJIll 6oroBJIaIlIhe. MeljYTlIM, cpaauepno ynan.asaa.y OBe aajennnue on rrOCJIYlllHOCTli Bory xao ycrpojnren.y CBeTOBHlIX neJIa, JbYAli cy no-rena na pasuaurrsajy 0 norpcon na lIMajy 1I 3eMaJbCKOr 1'0- cnonapa, Ilpaxsarajyha JbY):lCKlI1I360p 11 CalIKll,1I0HlIlllyhll HOBli 06JIliK BJIaAaBlIHe, I'ocnon lICTOBpeMeHO )KaJIlI 3601' rora lIJTO OHll uanyurrajy 601'0- snaurhe: A Tocitoa pese CaMYWIY: Ilocnyiuai 2JlaC uapoonu y C6eMY iuiuo iiiu ioeope, jep He oatiauuiue lue6e He20 Meue oatiauuiue ga He uapyjeu Hag teuida ... 3al11o caga iiocnvtua] 2JlaC teuxoe, anu lUll go6po saceeaouu U KaJICU ua'IUH KOjUM he Hap uapeeaiuu Hag teuua (1. CaM. 8; 7-9).

Ha raj Ha'II1H, nojasy 3eMaJbCKe npacase He 611 rpefiano CXBaTliTH xao rrpB0611THO 60rOYCTaHOBJbeHY peaJIHOCT. Hanporna, TO je 0):1 Bora nara MOryhaocr Aa Jbynll csoj upyurrnena )I(I1BOT ypene nOJIa3ehH 0):1 caoje CJI(60):llIe

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BOJbC, C TI1M lllTO he TaKRO ypehen,e, nojann.yjyhn cc xao O):lrOROp na rpexojr 1130na'IcHY 3CMaJhcKY pCaJIHOCT, novoha na cc 1I36CI'HC jOIII seha rpex, Tj. cy"pOTCTaBJI,alhC Eory CpC):ICTBIIMa CBCTORHC BJIaCTI1. TIplI TOM I'ocnon CaMYI1- JIORI1M YCTI1Ma jacno Ka)!(C na Oil TC BJIaCTI1 O'ICKyjC na o'IYBa BCPHOCT HseroBI1M 3anOBCCTI1Ma 11 /Ia TBOPI1 notipa ):ICJIa: Caoa, aatoie, duo uapa «ojeia U.3atipaciiie, «ojeia ucxaciue; eBo, Focitoa je iiociuaeuo l£apa Hag BaMa. AKO ce )1.3- 60jlllue Focuooa u Ibeu» ysacnyscuiiie; II ysacnyiuaiue 21laC lbeioe II He YCllPOiuueuiue ce sauoeeciuu Focuoan.o], iuaoa helue II BIIIIIWP eaiu xoju uapyje Hag BllJ\W uiiu .311 Focuoaou D070.W C60jW,!. AKO nu ua« He Y.311CIlYIU(llUe inaca Tocuoateeia ueio ce yciipoiiuteuiiie 3111106eCIUU Fociiooteo], iuaoa he 6tnUli pytca Fociioaua lIPOlUIiB 611C «ao llUUO je Guna u iipoiuue oiuaua BllIUlIX (1. CaM. 12: 13-15). Kan je Cayn o):l6a1\110 3anOBCCTII fOCIIO):lH,C, Eor je O):l6aI~l1o n.era (B. 1. CaM. 16; 1) 11 3anORC):I110 CaMYI1J1Y):la sa napa IIOMa)!(C Iberosor npyror 113a- 6palIIIKa - Jl,aBI1):1a, CI1Ha npocror 'IORCKa, Jcceja.

CIIH bmI(JIj11, Kojn snana II Hc60M 11 3CMJbllM (n. MT. 28; 18), nocpenCTBOM CBOI' nannohen.a IIOT'II1HI10 Ce 3CMaJbCKOM noperxy CTBapl1. OH CC nllT'II1H110 11 HOCI101\I1Ma ):Ip)!(aBHC BJIaCTII, na je TaKO 11 TIIIJIaTY, PI1MCKOM npoxyparopy y Jepycaaasry KOjl1 fa je pacneo, I'ocnon pexao: He 6u UMao 61laCIUti HUKaKBe uaaa MHOJW «aoa IUU He 6u truno aano ooosio (In. 19; 11). Onronapajyhn aa JlYKaBO ¢apl1ccjcBo nl1TaH,C 0 AonYIIITcfuY ria ce uesapy IIJlaTI1 nopea, CnaCI1TeJI, je pexao: Iloaajiue hecapoeo (uesapoeo] hecapy a D(2), Eoscuje (MT. 22; 21).

TYMaQenl1 XPI1CTOBO y-ren,e 0 npaBI1JIHOM O)lHOCy npena npacasao] BJIaCTI1, anOCTOJI TIaBJIC je nacao: Ceara aytua oa ce iiotcopaea enaauuua xoje enaaajy, jep ueua enaciuu qa nuje og Eoia, a enaciiuuuiuo iiocuioje oa DOZll cY yciuauoemene. 3muo KO ce iipoiuueu enaciuu ilPOIUUBlI ce ypeg6u Eoscujo], a «oju ce iipoiuuee upuuuhe ocygy ua ce6e . .1ep ciuapeiuuue HUCY ciupax sa go- 6Pll aena ueio 3a sna. Xoheiu 1111 iuuc oa ce He Coiiuu 6J7(lCIUU? tfUHU aotipo, II u.uaiieu: uoxeany og u-e. Iep je CIl)'Zll Eoscuju me611 sa ootipo. AKO IlU 3.170 uuHIIIll 60j ce, jep He HOCll Mll'ta Y3aJ7yg, jep je Bosaqu CIlY2a, OC6eIUHUK, ga U3J711;e 2HeB na OH02a «oju 3.170 'WHII. 3muo je iioiiipetino 1l0KOpa6(llUU ce He caMO 3602 2He6a He20 u3602 caeeciuu . .1ep 3602 iuoia II uopese iinahaiue; jep cy cJ7)')I(6eIIUWI DO)l(UjU KOjU ce iuuue CIUaJ7HO tiaee. Ilooajiue, oaxne, CBaKOMe tuiiio ciue l/I,}ICHII: KOJwe iiopesy-iiopesv, KO.l1e uapuuy-uapuuy, KOMe ciupax-ciupax, KO.Itt' naciii-uaciu (hiM. 13; 1-7). I1CTY MI1CaO 113pa311o jc 11 arrOCTOJI Ilerap: DYouiiie, ga/{.qe, l70KOPHIl C!WKOM pegy JbygCKOM, Fociiooa paau: aKO !lapy, «ao iociiooapv, aKO J7U HaMeCHl/WLWa, «ao l-be2061lJIt uocnauuuuua sa ocygy 3.170- '11/HILl/.lta, a 3Ll IIOX6(lIlY OHU.I1C1 «oiu g06po 'lime. Jep je iiiaxo 60Jba Boscuja ga (jlillpO uunehu yhyillKy;elue nestuuee 6e3y.I1HUX Jbygu; «ao CJ7060gHU, a He «ao

. ,HII ,,:oill «opuciue cll060gy 3a upuxpueau.e 3J706e, He20 «ao CJ7Y2e Eaxuie (l. Ilerp. 2: 13-16). AnOCTOJlI1 cy Y'II1JII1 xpnurhane na ce I10BI1IIyjy BJIaCTI1Ma HC- 3JBIICHO OA H,I1XOBOl' onnoca rrpCMa lJ,pKRI1. Y anOCTOJICKO BPCMC, lJ,PKRy Xpncrony rrpOrOHI1JlC cy 11 JlOKaJlHC jCBpCjCKC BJlaCTI1 11 AP)!(aBHa pl1MCKa BJIaCT. T,). ~ICl)yTIIM, naje CMCTaJlO MY'IeHI11\I1Ma 11 OCraJII1M xpl1IIIhaHIIMa THX BpeMe-

. .

HJ na ce MOJIC sa CBO]C nporoinrren,e 11 na rrpI13I1a]y Ibl1XORY nnacr.

3. 2. Anavoe nan AOHCO je y CBCT rpcxoBc 11 IIOPOKC, 11 611no jc neon\')AHO I~a 11M cc sajcnnaua cynporcrasn. TIpBI1 TaKaB npecryn 611JIO je KanHelEO y611jalhe Auen.a (B. l. Mojc. 4: 1-16). Pa3YMcBUll1 TO, Jby):lII cy Y CBI1M T1l13HaTI1M sajemmuaaa nO'ICJII1 na YCTCIHOBJbyjy 3aKOIlC, Kojl1Ma cy orpannxasana 3JI0 11 nOI~p)!(aBaJII1 nofipo. 3a CTap03aRCTHI1 napon, 3aKOHO/WBaq je l:iIlO CaM Eor: OH jc nao npaRI1JIa xoja cy perynacana HC cauo PCJII1f1103HI1 Hero 11 APYUITBCIII1 )l(IIBOT (B. 2. Mojc. 20-23).

Kao ayxcan cnCMCHT )!(I1ROTa y CBCTY KOjl1 jc I1cKBapcH rpexou 11 y KOje~! jc uconxonno na JIWlHOCT 11 3ajC)lIII1I(a 6Y)lY 3alllTIInCHI1 o/~ OnaCHI1X I1Cnon.asau,a rpexa, Ap)!(aBa jc Oil Eora onarocxoaena. I1CTOBPCMCHO, HY)!(HOCT .ipxaae HC npOI1CTI1'Ie uenocpenno 113 BOfuC EO)!(l1je sa npnocrnopeuor Anaxra nero 113 rrOCJIc/1l11\a rpexonana 11 113 ycarnamenocrn IIp)!(aRC C Hseronou BOJbOM na ACjCTByjC aa orpaHWlaBaIhY BJlaAaBIIHC rpexa y CBCTy. CBeTo "DCMO 003DBa BJIaCTo))'pmIJ,e na DCKopDCTe CUJIY ))'pJKaBC pa)),u OrpaHHqaBalba ana H nonpacaaan-a )),06pa, Y qCMY CC BH)),H MOPaJIHH CMHcao nocrojan,a npJKaBe (B. PI1M. 13; 3-4). TIOJIa3Cnl1 Oil ropeaaneneaor, anapxnja, rj. OgCyCTRO onronapajyher ypehen.a npscase 11 APYlllTBa, IICTO xao 11 n0311BafuC aa n.y 11 noxyuraj Aa cc OHa ycrrOCTaBII, npcncrasn.ajy npoTI1Bypc~ICThC xpmuhaacxou rrol1MaIbY CRCTa (B. PIIM. 13; 2).

Ilpxna CBOjl1M '1C)I,IIMa IIC npouncyje cauo Aa ce noaunyjy )l,pJKaBHoj BJIaCTH lIe3aBHCHO 0)1, YOC~Clba H BepOHcnOBeCTH n.ennx HOCIIJIaIJ,a, Hero 11M HaJIaJKe H na ce MOJle aa IbY, aa IUIiX II MllpaH JlflIBOcU 1l000lCliBUMO )' ceatco] 1I060)l(HOCIlIIIlI uuciuoiiiu (1. TIIM. 2: 2). Hcroupeaeno, xpnurhana cy )l,Y)l(IIH )J,a ce KJIOHe anconyrusauuje BJIaCTH, aenpasaaaatsa rpanaua n.enoj qllCTO 3eMaJbCKoj, IIPIIBpcMcHOj 11 IIpOJIa3Hoj Bpe)J,HocTII, ycnoan.euoj nocrojan.ea rpexa y cBeTY II neonxonnourhy na ce OH 06Y3Aa. Ilpeaa yqCH>y Ilpsne, HH caua BnaCT ueua npano na anconyrusyje caMY cefie, umpehu CBOjC rpaHIIIJ,e )1,0 nornyne ayrononaje 0)1, Bora 11 noperxa CTBapl1 KOjH je 011 YCTaIlOBIIO, a UITO MOJKC )l,a noseae )1,0 anoynorpcfie BnaCTII, na qaK II )1,0 ofiororeopaearsa anacronpscana. D,p)l(aRa, xao 11 OCTaJIC n.yncxe ycranosc, -rax 11 aKO je ycvepena xa /106py, MO)!(C na I1CIIOJbI1 TCIIACH1\l1jy xa nperaapan.y y CaMO)lOBOfuHy I1HCTI1TY1\lIjy. MHoro6pojIIII I1CTOPl1jCKI1 npavepu raxnor npcrnapan.a IIOxaayjy na y TOM cny-rajy /lp)!(aBa ry611 CBOjC I1CTI1HCKO npenonpcheu,e.

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3. 3. Y capamsu UpKBe II AP)KaBe, Mopajy ce yaera y 0631lp pa3JIWIl1- TOCT lhllXOBllX rrpllpOAa. UpKBy je nenocpcnno OCHOBao CaM nor, Haw I'ocnon l1cyc XPllCTOC, AOK CC 60rOYCTaHOBJbCHOCT Ap)KaBHC BJIaCTll rrOCpCI\HO OTKpHBa Y HCTOPHjCKOM rrpOI~ccy. UHJb UpKBe je Be'IHO crraCCILC JbYAH, AOK ce l\HJb Ap)KaBC cacroja Y lhllXOBOM OB03CMaJbCKOM 6JIarOCTalhY·

llapciueo Moje uuie oo 0802a ceeiiia, Ka)Ke CrraCHTCJb (JH. 18; 36). "Osaj CBCT" ce ACJIHMWIHO noxopasa Eory a ACJIHMWIHO ce, II TO HajBehHM AeJIOM, ocauocran.yje OA concrsenor Tsopua H I'ocnona. Y OHOM CTcrrCHY, y xoje« CC He nor-nnsaaa Eory, CBCT CC rrOT'IHlhaBa "ouy JIa)KH", carana, H OH (CBCT) "y 3JIy JIC)KH" (B. Jn. 8; 44 II 1. Jn. 5; 19). UpKBa je lUeJlO Xpuciuoeo (1. Kop. 12; 27), cfUy6 u fU8Pba8a hciiuu« (1. TUM. 3; 15), II y CBOjOj rajaucraenoj CYWTUHU He MO)Ke y cc6u na llMa HUKaKBO 3JIO HU ceHKY TaMC. nYAyhu na jc AP)KaBa ACO "osor csera", OHa HCMa YAcJIa y UapcTBY nO)KujeM, jep TaMO me je XPUCTOC CBe u y c8eMY (KoJI. 3; 11) HeMa MeCTa Hll rrpuHYAll HU cynporcrann.an.y JbYACKor U Eoxnjer rra, npeva TOMC, TaMO HCMa Hll npxase.

Y caBpeMCHOM CBCTY, I\p)KaBa je 06WIHO CBCTOBHa U He BC3yjC ce nnxaKBUM peJIUrU03HllM 06aBC3aMa. Hsena capann.a C UPKBOM orpaansena je na H1l3 06JIaCTll U 3aCHOBaHa je na Me!)yc06HOM HeMewalhY Y ACJIa OHe npyre, .D:P)KaBa je, Me!)YTUM, xao rro rrpaBUJIY, CBCCHa na je 3eMaJbCKO finarocran.e HC3aMHCJIUBO 6C3 O'IYBalha H3BCCHHX MOpaJIHHX HOpMH - OH11X 11CT11X, xoje cy HY)KHe 11 sa 'IOBCKOBO Be'IHO cnaceise. 360r rora sanana II AeJIaTHOCT UPKBC U AP)KaBe Mory na ce nonynape He cauo Y AOCTU3alhY 'IUCTO 3CMaJbCKC KOPHCTU nero H y ocraapen.y crraCOHOCHe MucHje UpKBC.

Ha'IeJIo CBeTOBHOCTH npxcaae He MO)Ke ce CXBaTUTH Y CMHCJIY pannKaJIHOr rrOTHCKHBalha pCJIHrHje U3 CBHX cdiepa naponnor )KHBOTa, ynan.asalha peJIurn:03HHX YAPY)Kelha OA yseurha Y peuraaarsy APywTBeHO aaaxajnnx sanaraxa H 01\ ycxpahasaa.a npasa na ouene nocrynxe BJIaCTH. To Ha'IeJIO rrpCTIIOCTaBJba cauo H3BecHY rrOAeJIY cqiepa xosmereauaja UPKBC H BJIaCTH H nesreinan,e jenne Y ynyrpaunse rrOCJIOBe OHe npyre.

He 6u Tpe63JIO }J,3 IJ,PKB3 H3 ce6e npeysmra $yHKu,uje }J,pIK3Be: cynpo'rcraarsan,e rpexy nyreu HaCHJba, xopaurheu,e nynoaoha CBCTOBHe BJIaCTH, npaxsarau,e na ce6c CPYHKu,Hja AP)KaBHe BJIaCTH xoje npernocraan.ajy npaHYI\Y HJIH orpanasen,e. UCToBpeMeHo, IJ,PKB3 MOlKe }J,3 ce 06p3TU }J,plKaB· HUM BJI3CTUM3 Tpa}Keliu na y OBOM UJIU OHOM cnyxajy ynorpefie BJiaCT; Me!)YTUM, rrpaso na peuraaan,e raxsor naran.a npanana Ap)KaBH.

)]'p}K3Ba He CMe}J,3 ce MelUa y IKUBOT IJ,pKBe, y theHY ynpany, aepoyxen,e, JIUTyprujcKu }KHBOT, }J,YXOBHY np3KCY UT}J" UCTO xao U y }J,eJIaTHOCT KaHOHCKUX ycranosa yonurre, U3peB OHUX CTp3Ha xoje npernocraanajy }J,eJI3THOCT y CMU· Colly npasnor JIUlJ,a soje HylKHO cryna y onroaapajyhe O}J,Hoce ca }J,plKaBOM, n.e-

HUM 33KOHO}J,aBCTBOM U opranana BJiaCTU. IJ,pKBa O}J, }J,plKaBe oxexyje }J,a nourryje theHe KaHOHCKe nopae U OCTaJIe yHyTpalUthe 0}J,pe}J,6e.

3.4. TOKOM UCTOPHjc, 61lBaJIH cy ycnocrann.ann pa3JIWIIITH MOl\eJIH capamse I1paBOCJIaBHC l\pKBC U I\p)KaBC.

Y rrpaBOCJIaBHOM rrpeAalhY yo6JIWIHJIa ce OAPc!)cHa npencrasa 0 UAcaJIHOj CPOpMU capamse UpKBe U I\p)KaBC. nYAyhu na jc l\pKBeHO-AP)KaBHa capanu.a I\BOCTpaHa nojasa, ropenovenyra UAeaJIHa cpopMa HCTOPlljcKH je MOrJIa Aa ce ocrsapa casro Y OHOj Ap)KaBU xoja je I1paBOCJIaBHY l\pKBY rrpU3IIaJIa sa aajsehy HapOAHY CBCTlllhY - ApyrHM pC~I1IMa, y npasocnasaoj Ap)!(aBu.

Iloxynraj na ce CTBOPH TaKBa cpopMa 6uo je rrpeAY3CT y BH3aHTujH, rne cy ce aanena l\pKBeHO -l\p)!(aBHUX OI1HOea H3pa3HJIa y KaHOHIIMa II AP)!(aBHHM 3aKOHHMa osor uapcrsa, a onpaxasajy ce H y eBeTOOTa'lKHM crrUCIIMa. Ta Ha'IeJIa cy, y CBOjOj CBeYKyrrHOCTll. Ha3BaHa CHMCPOHlljOM UpKBe U npxcaBe. Ibeny CyIlITHHy 'IUHH 060CTpaHa capann.a. yaajavna nonpurxa U ysajavaa OArOBopHOCT, 6C3 nponapan.a jenne CTpaHC y crpepy HCK.'bY'IUBe xoxmereauaje OHe npyre. Enncxon ce nor-nosasa J!P)KaBHoj B.laCTH xao rpahanCKII rrOAaHUK, a He 360r rora IlITO n.eroaa ermcxoncxa B.laCT rrOTU'Ie on npenCTaBHUKa npacasne BJIaCTU. l1cTO TaKO ce II npencrasnax J!p)KaBHe BJIaCTU noxopasa enacxony xao 'IJIaH UPKBC KOjH Y isoj Tpa)!(11 cnacetse. a He 3aTO UITO iseroaa BJIaCT rrOTH'Ie OA BJIaCTU enacxona. I1PHJIHKOM ClfMCPOHll'IHHX onnoca, Ap)!(aBa OJ! UpKBe rpasor lheHY AYXOBHY nOApIlIKY, MOJIllTBe H 6JIarOCJIOBe sa AeJIaTHOCTH YCMepeHe xa AOCTH3alhY uan.ena KOjU CJIy)!(e 6JIarocran.y rpabana, I1PH TOM UpKBa OA npxase A06uja nouoh aa crsapaa.e yCJIOaa KaKBU noronyjy nponosena H AYXOBHOM onrajan.y IbeHHX 'IeAa xoja cy HCTOBpeMeHO U rpahann Ap)!(aBC.

Y uiecroj HOBCJIlf cseror Jycraanjana CPOpMYJIHCaHO je Ha'IeJIO xoje je y OCHOBH CHMcpOHlIje UpKBe H npxcase: "Hajseha 1\06pa, xoja cy JbYI\HMa napoaana BHIlIlbOM 6JIarOAahy nO)!(HjoM, jecy CBeIlITeHCTBO H u;apCTBO, 011 KOjHX ce IIpBO (CBeIlITeHCTBO, upxseaa BJIaCT) 6pHHe 0 60)KaHCTBeHHM neJIHMa, nOK npyro (u;apCTBO, npxcanna BJIaCT) PYKOBOAH U 6pHHe 0 AeJIHMa JbYACKHM. 11 jenno H npyro, ncxoneha ca HCTor nasopa, npencrasn.a yKpac JbYI1CKOr )!(llBOTa. 3601' rora uapesaua HHIlITa TOJIHKO HC JIC)KH aa cpuy xao 'IaCT CBeUiTeHOCJIY)KHTeJba KOjU UM ca csoje crpane nenpecrano CJIY)!(C H sa lhHX ce MOJIC Bory. AKO CBeIlITeHCTBO y CBeMY 6YAC A06po YCTpOjCHO H Eory yronno H aKO Ap)!(aBHa BJIaCT 6YAe rtpanenno ynpasn.ana rrOBepCHOM joj AP)!(aBOM, OHAa he Me!)y lhHMa nocrojaru nyna camaCHOCT y eBeMY IlITO CJIY)!(U na KOPHCT U A06po JbYACKor pona. 360r rora YJIa)!(eMO najseha rpyn y O'Iysaa,e HCTHHUTHX Eoxajax AOrMaTa U nocrojaucrsa cBeIlITcHcTBa, HaAajyhH ce Aa heMo TaKO 3aA06HTlf najseha L(06pa nO)!(Hja II 'IBPCTO Ap)!(aTU OHa KO-

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ja BCTI nOCCTlyjCMO." PYKOBOTICTII1 CC TI1M HOpMaMa, uap Jycrmmjar: jc KaHOUHMa rrpl13W1BaO cnary np)KaBHI1X 3aKOHa.

KnaCJ1lIHa Bl13aHTI1jcKa rpopayna capann.e l\pKBeIIC 11 np)KaBIlC BnaCTI1 Hana311 ce y t' Enauaron:" (npyra IIDJ!. 9. BCKa): "CBeToBHa BJlaCT 11 CBelllTCHCTBO OnHOCC cc jCTlIIO rrpcMa TlPyroM xao nyrna 11 TeJIO y )K11BOM '10BCKY. Y H,l1XOBOj Be311 11 carnaCHOCTI1 caJ\p)K11 cc 6narOCTalhC npxcase."

Mel)yTI1M, y BI13aHTI1jl1 OBa cl1Mcpmll1ja nnje nocrojana y auconyrno 'mcToj cjJOPMI1. Y npaKCI1 jc ona ormaJla 113nO)KCIJa lIapYllIaBalbl1Ma I1I1CKPI1- sn.anan.y. Ilpxna je BI1U1C nyra OI1Jla otijeka'r l\c3apOIIanI1CTWIKI1X TC)Klhl1 I1P)KaBHI1X BnaCTI1. Hinxona cyIIITI1IIa cc cacrojana y TOMC UITO je crapeunnta AP)KaBC rj. nap rrpCTCII110BaO na onny-tyjyhy PC'l y ypehen.y IWKBCHI1X CTBapn, TaKBC TC)KlhC cy, OCHM rpennror fuYI\CKOr 'IOBeKOJhyOJba. I1MaJIC 11 I1CTOPHjCKH pa3JIOl'. XpHLIlhaHCKH B113allTl1jcKH I\apCBH 6HnH cy IIcrrOCpCl\lIH aaCnCTlII111\H narancxax PHMCKHX snanapa KOjH cy, nopcn CBOjl1X MHOrJ1X THTyna, I1MaJII1 H cnc/\CTIY: pontifex maximus BPXOBIII1 rrpBOCBCIIITCIII1K. 3a lJ,PKBy CC ra l\C3aporraJUICTWIKa TC)Klba najornopcnnjc 11 aajonacnnje npojaBfuHBaJIa y rrOJlI1TI1l\11 uapeaa-jepernxa. a noccrino y enOXI1 HKOIIOJIOMal\a.

3a pa3J1I1Ky 0/1 BI13aHTI1jcKHX sacanenca, PYCKH rocnojtapn cy HManH I\PYra-raje nacnehe. 36m 'rora, ana H 36m J\pyrHx HCToPHjCKHX pasnora, capann.a l\pKBeHC H Tlp)KaBHe BJlaCTH y PYCKoj cTapHHH 6HJla je xapnona-nmja. YOCTaJlOM H Ty je J\OJla3I1JlO AO oncrynan,a oA KaHOHCKl1X HOpMH (BJla/\aBHHa Hsana I'posaor, cYK06 l\apa Anexceja MHXaHJlOBWIa C narpajapxon HHKOHOM).

IIITo CC TWle CHHOAaJlHe enoxe, HecYMH,HBO naonauen,e CI1MrpOlmjcKe nopne TOKOM TlBa CTOJICha I\PKBCHC HCTOPl1jC noaesano je ca naxo YO'lJbHBI1M yTI1I\ajcM nporccrarrrcxc I\OK'rpI1HC reparopajanasua II np)KaBHe I\PKBCHOCTII (B. IIII)KC) aa pycxy CBCCT 0 HconXOAHOCTI1 npasnor noperxa H na nOJlH1WIKII )KI1BOT. KaA je l\apCTBO CPYUICIIO, rrOMCCHH cafiop 191711918. noxyinao je na y HOBI1M YCJIOBHMa ycnocrasn I1l~CaJl CIIMCPOHHjC. Y neiorapauaja xoja jc nperxonana OAJlYl\H 0 0TlIIOCY lJ,PKBC H Tlp)KaBC, 3aXTCB sa onnajalbCM lJ,PKBC OJ\ J\p)KaBC nopena cc ca )KCn,OM "na cyuue HC caja 11 Aa BaTpa HC rpeje, Llpxsa ce, npexra YHYTpallIlbCM 3aKOIIY cnora nocrojan,a, He MO)Ke OJ\PCTIII npH3I1Ba na "pOCBCTJbyje, na npeoripaxana BaCl\CJIH )KIIBOT 'IOBC'laHCTBa II Tla ra npO)KI1Ma CBOjHM JIY'IaMa. It Y OIVlyqH Cariopa 0 IIpaBlIOM nono»cajy PYCKC rrpaBOCJIaBHC IIPKBC npxcana ce Il03I1Ba ua rrpl1XBaTI1 CJICTICTIC noCTaBKC: ItEYAYTIH TlCO jel\l1HCTBCHe BaCCJbeHCKC XPI1CTOBC Ilpxse, DpaBOc.rasna PYCKa I\pKBa y 0AHOCY na npyra ncnoncnau,a 3aY3HMa y PYCKOj /lp)KaBI1 HajBa)KIIHjH jaBJIO-rrpaBHII nonozcaj xao CBCTHlba orpoxrne BCTII1HC CTaHOBHlIWTBa 11 xao BCJIHKa I1CTopHjcKa CI1Jla xoja je craopnna pycsy npxcaBy ... " . OJ\:IYKC II 3aKOlICKC YPCTlOC xoje D paBOCJIaBHa l\pKBa (13)~a npeua

__ '\1 YTBpl)CHOM nopCTKY, OJ\ BpeMCHa KaJ\ HX IlpKBCHa BJIaCT oonaponyjc, i:':-Tll xao II axra l\pKBCHe yrrpane H CYAa, rtpasnajy CC OTI crpane TlP)KaBC xoja i;\~J npasny CI1JIY H sua-raj, YKOJlIIKO CC thHMa He uapymasajy J\p)KaBIIH 3aKO'c:;! .. ' "JI,p)KaBHH 3aKOHH, KOjH ce TWlY D paBOCJlaBHC I\pKBe, HC I\OHOCC CC =:'\Ta'mjc Hero ya IlpHCTaHaK l\PKBCHHX BJIaCTI1." CJlCTlCTIH nOMCCHI1 cafiopn

Jp:.KaBaHH cy y ycnoBHMa y KojIlMa je acropaja Y'lHHI1JIa HCMorYTIHM 110- '; r-arax na J\OPCBOJlYl\I10HapHa Ha'ICJIa I\PKBCHO-/IP)KaBHIIX onnoca. J1 no~..:J rora, Ilpxna jc nOTBpAI1Jla CBOjy TpaAHl\I10HaJIHY ynory y )KHBOTY APY~:TBa I1H3pa3HJIa CllpeMHOCT na nejcrsyjc y TlPYIIITBCIIOj cdiepa. TaKO je rtoI·!<:(HII cafiop 1990. KOHCTaTOBaO cnenehe: It T OKOM xnn.anyrommm,e HCTO~l!)c. Pycxa npanocnanna upxna je BeplIIIKc onrajana y AYXy narpnoruaaa H \!l!PO.'by6llBOCTH. DaTpHOTH3aM ce ncnon.ana y 6PH)KJl,I1BOM onnocy npcjra

Tau6l1HCKOM HCTOPHjCKOM uacnehy /10K ce rpahancxa J~eJlaTIIOCT, xoja yxn.y·''.Je yueurhe y paAOCTHMa 11 HCKYlllClhHMa COIICTBCHor napona, acnorsaaa y ~·eBHOCHOM H caBCCIIOM pany, y OpH311 0 MOpaJlHOM cran.y TlpYUlTBa 11 y na.roian.y aa O'IYBalbY npapone" (H3 DOCJlaIIHI~C Ca6opa).

T OKOM cpeJ\lbcr sexa, na eBpOIICKOM 3arraAY ce IIOA YTHl\a jCM nena 6na;~CHor ABrYCTHHa It 0 J\p)KaBII bO)Kl1joj It (I1nH It 0 rpany bO)KIIjCM". It De civi:.::s Dei It) yorimr-nrna TlOKTpIlHa It ABa Ma'la". Ilpexia TOj AOKTPI1HI1, ofie ana~TI!. H upxaeua H J\p)KaBHa, jenna nenocpenno a J\pyra nocpenno, npnnanajy :'II\,ICKOM errHCK()fIY. Ilane cy 6HJlH rrYHOBJlaCHH MOHapCI1 HaJ\ jCTlHHM l\eJIOM II Ta:mje - HaJ\ nanCKOM ofinanrhy, 'Illjll je OCTaTaK canpeveaa BaTHKaH. MHO~jI enacxorm, a noceono y cpcYTlaJIHO pacuenxanoj Heuavxoj, 6HJlH cy KHe;~eBIf KOjH cy na CBOjOj repuropnjn HMaJIll Ap)KaBHY jYPI1CAHKl\Hjy. DpH TOM

~y 1I~laJIH H CBOJY BnaJ\Y II BOjCKY, xojaxa cy OHII PYKOBOJ\I1JlH.

Perpopuauxja HHjC OCTaBHna OCHOBY sa o-rysan.e Ap)KaBHC BJlaCTH rra':.1 II pIlMOKaTOJlWIKHX oHcKyna ua repnropnju OHI1X 3CMafua xojc cy nOCTa.-:C npOTCCTaHTCKC. Y nepaony OA 17. AO 19. BCKa, npasna YCJIOBH y pl1MOKaT').lIl'IKHM 3eMfuaMa cy ce TOJlHKO H3MCHHJlIl na je PHMOKaTOJlWIKa l\pKBa c:paKTlI'I1IO 6HJla ynan.eaa OA J\p)KaBIIC BJIaCTH. MeI)YTHM, OCHM J\p)KaBC BaTl!KaH xao OCTaTKa AOKTPHHC It J\Ba Ma'la", sanpacana je npaxca ua PHMcKa t;\pnja cxnana cnopaayne y BI1J\Y KOIIKopl~aTa ca OHHM npxasaua, na 'IlljI1M ~e reparopajava I1aJla3C pioroxaronnuxc 3ajeAHIII~e. Y CJICJ\ rora ce y MHO,11\1 3eMfuaMa npannn craryc TlaTIIX 3ajeAHHI\a He onpcbyje cauo ynyrpal2.llbll\'! 3aKOHHMa nero H npanox KOjC pcrYJlHUIC McI)YHapOJ\HC OI\HOCC a '1l1- ;il ie cyojexr Ap)KaBa BaTHKaH.

Y 3CMJl>aMa rne je rr06CTlHJIa pediopuannja a 3aTHM II y HeKHM pHMOKaT".llPIKHM 3CMfuaMa, y Ap)KaBHO l\pKBeHHM OTlHOCHMa ycranonn.cno jc nase.ro 1'ep11TOpHjaJlIl3Ma, 'II1ja CC CYUITI1Ha cacrojn y IIOTnYHOM Tlp)KaBHOM

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CYBcpCmlTeTY nan OAPCI)CHOM TCpY!TOPMjOM, na Y TOM CMMCJIY M HaA PCJIMmjcKMM 3ajcAHMI\aMa KOjC CC na a.oj HaJla3C. D,cBM3a Tor CMCTCMa capann,e nOCTaJIC cy PC'lM "cujus est regio, illus est religio" ("'!Mja jc BJIaCT, lberOBa je M pCJIMrMja"). ITPMJIMKOM AOCJICAHOr ocrsapea.a, AaTM CMCTCM nOApa3YMeBa na ce OA Ap)KaBC ynan.yjy I1pMCTaJIMll,c neponcnosecra, pa3JIM'!MTC OA OHC xojy ACJIC HOCMOll,M BMIlIC np)KaBHC BJIaCTM (TO ce BMIlIC nyra OCTBapMBaJIO y npaxcn), Y)KMBOTY CC, MCI)YTMM, '!BPCTO YTCMCJbHJIa y6JIa)KCHa cpopMa OCTBapen-a Tor Ha'ICJIa, rj, TaK03BaHa AP)l(aBHa ll,PKBCHOCT. ITPM TOM penarajcxa sajenanna, xojy 06M'lHO '!MHM sehaaa CTaHOBHMIlITBa M KOjOj npnnana BJIanap, 3BaHM'1H0 HaMMCHOBaH OA upxaenor CTapClIIMHe, KOPMCTM ce npennyhCTBMMa AP)l(aBHe upxse. Cnoj eJICMCHaTa TOl' CMCTCMa 1\PKBCHO-AP)l(aBHC capamse M OCTaTaKa TpaAMll,MOHaJIHC CMMCPOHMjc, HaCJICl)eHC OA BM3aHTMjc, OAPCAMO je cauocsojaocr npasnor cra'ryca ITpaBOCJIaBHC upxse y PYCMjM '1'0- KOM CMHOAaJIHC enoxc.

Y CjCAMlbCHMM AMCPM'IKMM D,p)l(aBaMa, KOjC cy npBo6MTHO npCACTaBJbaJIC BMIlICKOHcpCCMOHaJIIIY Ap)l(aBY, YCTaHOBJbCHO jc Ha'ICJIO paAMKaJIHOr onsajan.a IJ,PKBC OA npxcaae, KOjC npCTI10CTaBJba na xapaxrep CMCTCMa BJIaCTM 6YAC HCYTpaJIaH y 0AHOCY npena CBMM xontpecajaua. YOCTaJIOM, an COJIYTHa HCYTpaJIHOCT TCIlIKO Aa ce MO)l(C AOCTMfiM. CBaKa AP)KaBa Mopa Aa Y3MC y 063Mp pCaJIaH PCJIMrM03HM cacras csor CTaHOBHMiliTBa. HMjcAHa XPMurhancxa ACHOMHHa1\Mja nojcAMHa'IHO HC 'lMHM BcfiMHY y CjeAMlbCHMM Ilp)KaBaMa. MCI)YTMM, orpovaa sehnna )KMTCJba CAD,-a jecy yrrpaso xpamhaHM. To ce nocefiao MCnOJbaBa y I\CPCMOHMjM npcncennaxoaor nonaraisa saKJICTBC Han bM6JIMjOM, y 3BaHM'IHOM npaanonan.y IICACJbC, MTf\.

Ha-reno onaajan.a IJ,PKBC OA Ap)l(aBC MMa, MCl)yTMM, M npyry rCHCaJIOrnjy. Ha CBponCKOM KOHTMHCHTY, OHO CC nojaBMJIO xao pC3YJITaT aIlTMKJICpMKaJIHC MJIM OTBOPCHO aHTMI\pKBeHC 60p6c KaKBa je A06po n03HaTa, noCC6HO y MCTOPMjM cppaHll,YCKC PCBOJIYll,MjC. Y TaKBMM CJIY'lajcBMMa, IJ,pKBa CC HC onsaja OA Ap)KaBC 3601' BMiliCKOHcpccMOHaJIHOCTM CTaHOBHMIlITBa HCKC 3CMJbC nero 360r rora IIITO CC npacana 1I0BC3yjc C OBOM MJIM OHOM aHTMxpMurhaucxou MJIM aHTMpCJIMI'M03HOM Ml\cOJIOrMjoM yonurre ... OBI\C BMIlIC HMjC pe-r 0 HCYTpaJIHOCTM I\p)KaBC y OAHOCY na PCJIMrMjy HMTM 0 IhCHOM '!MCTO CBCTOBHOM xapaxrepy, Y OI\HOCY na IJ,PKBY, TO 06M'IHO nOBJIa'IM sa C060M ynseranaa,e, orpamrsaaaae npana, I\MCKpMMMHa1\Mjy MJIM OTBOPCHC nporoHC. Hcropuja 20. nexa jc y MHorMM npxasana nana MHor06pojHc npnacpe CJIM'lHMX onnoca npscase rtpena peJIMrMjM M IJ,PKBM.

IToCTOjM raxobe M OHa cpopMa ll,PKBCHO-l\p)KaBHC capann,e xoja npenCTaBJba npCJIa3Hy erany M3MCI)y panaxannor onsajaa.a IJ,PKBC M I\p)KaBC, xana IJ,pKBa MMa CTaTYC nocerine YCTaHOBC, M I\p)KaBHC ll,PKBCIIocm. OBI\C CC

ronopa 0 IJ,pKBM xao 0 ycraHoBM jannor npana. Y TOM cnyxajy IJ,pKBa MO)KC HMaTM HM3 npMBMJICI'Mja M 06aBC3a KOjC joj onpchyje npxcaaa, a na npa TOM IIMjC npacasna IJ,pKBa y npanou CMMCJIY TC PC'!M.

HM3 caBpCMCHMX 3CMaJba - na npnuep, BCJIMKa EpHTaHMja, <PMHCKa, HOpEt:lJIKa, Ilancxa, Fp-rxa -- O'lYBaJIC cy I\p)I(aBHY 1\PKBCHOCT. Ilpyre I\p)KaBC, KojMX jc BPCMCHOM CBC EMIlIC (CAJt <ppaHlWCKa), CBOjc OI\HOCC C PCJIMrMjcKMM 3ajC/\HM1\aMa rpane na Ha'ICJIY rrOTnYHOI' onsajan,a. Y HCMa1IKOj, na npMMCp, PMMOKaTOJIM'IKa, EBamCJIMCTM'IKa M JOIll HCKC 1\pKBC MMajy CTaTYC xopnopauuja jasnor npasa, /\OK cy MCTOBPCMCIIO npyre pennrajcxe aajemraue y nOTnYHOCTM OI\BOjCHC 01\ IIp)l(aBC M nocnarpajy ce xao noceone xopnopaunje. Y npaxcn, Mel)yTMM, y BcfiMJIM OBMX 3CMaJba pCaJIaH nonoxcaj PCJIMrnjcxax sajenuuua He 3aBMCM MIIOI'O OA rora jecy JIM MJIM HMCY onsojene on AP)KaBe. Y HCKMM 3CMJbaMa, me cy IJ,PKBC 3al\p)KaJIC np)KaBHM CTaTYC, Oll CC CBOI\M na y6Mpalbc nopesa ua U,MXOBY MMOBMlIY nocpCI\CTBOM I\p)KaBHMX noPCCKMX YCTaHOBa a raxobe M na TO na cc, ynopeno ca perncrpaunjox axara rpahancxor noncxaja xoje CnpOBOI\C I\p)l(aBHH al\MMHMCTpaTMBHM oprann, npasnaje npasaa BPCI\HOCT M ll,PKBCHMX 1\0Ky~leHaTa. HaCTa.1HX rrpHJIMKOM xpurranan,a HOBOPOI)CH'ICTa HJIM npMJIHKOM cxnanan,a 6paKa rrOcpCI\CTBOM 1\PKBCHOI' sea-raa,a.

CBOjC CJIY)l(Clbe Eory H JbYAHMa ITpaBOCJIaBHa upxna nanac caBpllIaBa y MHorHM 3CMJbaMa. Y HCKHMa 01\ lbHX, OHa npCACTaBJba HaUI10Ha.TIHY BCpOHCI10BCCT (Tpuxa, PYMYHMja, Eyrapcxa), I\OK y npyrua. BHIlICHaUMOllaJIHHM, OHa npCI\CTaBJba penarujy sehane CTaHOBHHllITBa (Pycaja, Cp6I1ja). Y HCKHMa nax, JII111,a xoja npnnanajy ITpaBOCJIaBHoj ll,pKBI1 npananajy PCJIHfI103HOj Mau,I1HH xoja )KHBI1 HJIH Y OKPY)l(ClbY npyrax xpmubaucxux BcpOHcnOBCCTH (CALI" ITOJbCKa, <PpallI\ycKa) HJIH y OKPY)KCIhY HIIOBCpall,a (Capnja, Typcxa, Janan). Y HCKHM, MaJI06pojHHM 3CMJbaMa, ITpaBOCJIaBHa upxsa HMa craryc Ap)KaBHC PCJIHI'HjC (I'pnxa, <PHHcKa, Kanap), I\OK jc Y npyriora onsojeua 01\ npxcaae. l1CTO TaKO, paannxyjy ce H KOHKPCTHH npannn H rrOJIHTH'IKH yCJIOBH Y KojHMa )KIIBC 110MCCHC ITpaBOCJIaBHC I\PKBC. McI)YTHM, CBC CC OHC, KaKO no CBOM YHYTpallIlbCM ycrpojcrsy, TaKO 11 no CBOM OAHOCY npeva I\p)KaBHHM BJIaCTIIMa, ocnan.ajy na 3anOBCCTlI XPIlCTOBC, na anOCTOJICKO Y'IClbe, na CBCTC KaHOHC H na nsexan.anyronaum,c HCTOPHjCKO HCKYCTBO, nanaseha y CBHM YCJIOBHMa MoryfiHOCT na IICnYHe CBOjc Gorosanoaehcae ll,MJbCBC. OHC THMC npojann.yjy CBOjy npHpOAY, xoja nnje 0/\ osora CBCTa, xao H CBOjC Hc6cCKO, 60)l(aHCTBCHO nOpCKJIo.

3. 5. lIMajyli.u pa3JIHQUTe npapone, UpKBa U npscana KOPUCTC pa3JIUQUTa cpencrsa aa )J,OCTU3aIbC CBOjHX IJ,HlliCBa. Ilpacasa ce yrnaaaox nenan-a na MaTcpHjaJIIlY MOli., yKJhyQyjyli.u II CUJIY "PUIlY)J,C, a raxohe U ua onrosapa-

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jyhe CBeTOBne unejne CHCTCMe. QPKB3 nax p3CnOJl3IKe pCJlHrH03nO-MOpaJI" I1HM Cpe)l.CTBHM3 KojHMa PYKOBO)l.H cnojy H3CTBY H I1pH)l.06Hj3 HOB3 '1C)l.3.

QpKB3 acnorpcumno nportosena XpHCTOBY HCTIIHY H rrpCHOCH JbYAHMa MOpaJIHC 3arrOBCCTH xoje rrOTWIY Oil. Caxror nora, 360r -rera IICMa BJIaCT Aa H3MCHH 6HJIO UITa Y CBOM y-ren.y. OH3 HeM3 BJlaCT HH na 33liyTH, HH )1.3 I1peCT3He )l.a npouonena HCTHIIY, 6e3 063HP3 na TO KaKBO Y'len.c nponacyjy HJlH mHpe )l.PIK3BHC HnCT3H~C. Y TOM uorneny, QpKB3 je nornyno CJl060)l.n3 0)1. )l.plKaBe. PaAH HCCMCTaHor H yHYTpaIII!hC CJIo60AHor npononenan.a HCTHHe, QpKBa je TOKOM acropnje 6HJIa BHIIIC nyra nporon.ena OA CTpaHc aenpnjaren.a XPHCTOBHX. MeljYTHM, H nporon.ena QpKBa je II03BaHa na TpnCJbHBO nonnoca nporone, He ycxpahyjyhn JIojaJIHOCT Ap)J(aBH xoja .ic nporonn.

TIpaBHH cYBepcHHTeT ua repnropnja npxase npnnana H,eHHM BJIaCTHMa. Ilpeva TOMe, OHC onpehyjy jYPHAWIKH craryc TIOMcCHC L\pKBC HJIH jCAnor !hellor AeJIa, npenyurrajyha joj MoryhlIocT uecnyranor npuren.a L\pKBCne MHcHje HJIH nax orpanaxaaajyha TY MoryhlIoCT. CaMHM THM, AP)J(aBlia BJIaCT npen JIHL\eM Be-rae TIpaBAc naje CYA 0 cauoj ce6H H, IIa xpajy spajesa, npencxasyje CBOjy cYA6H1IY. QpKB3 OCT3jC J1oj3J1Ha )l.pIK3RH; MC~yTHM, H3n3)1. 3aXl'eB3 33 J1oj3JIHOmliy je 601K3HCTBcn3 33nOBeCT: H3Bpm3B3Ibe )l.eJl3 JbY)l." cxor cnaceu.a y CBHM YCJlOBHM3 H Y CBHM OKOJlIlOCTHM3.

AKO BJl3Cl' npHCHJb3B3 np3BOCJlaBHC BepHHKe )1.3 oncryne 0)1. XpUCT3 U Iherose QpKBe, a raxohe H 113 rpeunra, )l.ymery6H3 nena, QpKB3je 1I.YIK1I3)1.3 raxeoj )l.pIK3BH OTK3IKC nOCJlymHOCl'. CJICAchH 3arrOBCCT CBOjC caBCCTH, XPHIIIhalIHII MOIKC Aa HC HcrrYIIH 3arrOBeCT BJIaCTH xoja ra npacarsasa IIa Te)J(aK rpex. Y cnynajy na L\pKBClIa TIYHOTa IIHje y MoryhHocTH na ce nosanyje TlP)J(aBHHM 3aKOHHMa H 0AJIYKaMa BJIaCTH, L\PKBCHC CTapCIIIHHe r.1Ory na, IIaKOH AY)J(IIor pa3MaTpalba naran.a, rrpcAy3MY cneuehe 1I0CTYIIKe: na y IIOrJIeAY IIp06JleMa KOjH CC nojasno cryne Y AHjaJIOr ca BJlaCTHMa; na II030BY HapOA na npHMeHH ACMOKpaTCKH McxaHH3aM aa H3MCIIY 3aKOIIOAaBCTBa HJIH rrpCHCIIHrnsan.a OAJIYKC BJlaCTH; na ce 06paTC MeljYHapOAHHM HHCTallL\aMa H CBCTcxoxr jaBHoM MHClbY; na ce 06paTC CBOjHM 'ICTlHMa C rr03HBOM na MHPHY rpal)alICKY lIenOCJIYIlIHOCT.

3.6. Ha-rcno CJI060AC caBCCTH, KOjC ce xao jypHAH'IKH nojav nojaanno y nepnony Oil. 18. AO 19. sexa, npersapa ce Y jenno Oil. TCMCJhHHX ita-rena \lc!jy.byncKHx onnoca TCK JIOCJIC TIPBOI' CBCTCKOf para. OHO je cana norspf>LH(1 OmmOM I\CKJIapaL\HjoM JbYACKHX npana H YJIa:m Y YCTaBC BchHHC APijo;;iB3. Ilojasa Ha'ICJIa cJI060Ae caBCCTH CBCTlO'IH 0 TOMe na ce Y caBpCMeHOM (BtH pe.tar aja OTI "OJIIIITe CTBapH" npersapa y 'IOBCKOBY "JIWIHY CTBap". T .. il npouec caxi rro ceOH CBCA01IH 0 pacnany CHCTeMa AYXOBHHX BPCAHOCTH, 0 [\,o'llTK\ YOlcpClba xa cnacen.y Y BehcM AeJIY npyurrsa xojc je YTBPTlHJIO na-

LlCJIO CJIo60TlC CaBCeI'H. AKO ce rrpBOOHTHa TlP)J(aBa nojannna xao HHCTPYMeHT KOjHM je Y APYlIlTBY yrnphen 60)J(aHCTBCHH 3aKOH, onna CJIOOOAa caaeera KOHa'IHO nperaapa Tlp)J(aBY Y HCKJhY'IlIBO 3CMaJbCKY HHCTHTYL\Hjy, xoja CC nnje BC3aJIa pCJIHrH03IIHM 06aBC3a~fa.

Y CTaIIOHJbelbC jYPHTlll'IKOr naxena CJI060AC caBCCTH CBCAO'IlI 0 TOMC na jc TlPYIIlTBO H3I'y6HJIO pCJIHrH03HC I~HJbCBC H BPCTlHOCTH, 0 MacoHHoj anocTaCH.iH ( OTrraJ\IIHIIITBY) H 0 cpaKTlflIKoj paBHOAYIIIHOCTH npena TlCJIY QpKHC H nofiena Hall. rpCXOM. MCljYTHM, TO Ha'ICJIO ce nOKa3aJIO xao jCAHO Ol1 CPC)~CTaBa nocrojan,a ll,PKBC y HCPCJIHrH03HOM CBCTY, nonyurrajyhn joj na HMa JICraJIaH CTaTYC Y CCKYJIapHoj AP)J(aBH, xao H HC3aBlICIIOCT y OTlIIOCY na HHOBCPHC HJIH ncncpyjyhe APYUlTBCIIC CJIojeBC.

OH3j )l.plKaRIIH norncn 113 CBCT KOjll jc HCyTpaJI311 y OIJ,HOCy na peJllIru" jy lie npoTIIBypC'I1I xpmuhancxoj IIPCIJ,CT3BII 0 IIpU3HIly QpKBe y)l.pymTBy. Me~YTIIM, QpKB3 je IJ,YIKHa na )l.p1K3BII YK3IKC na IIC)J,onYCTIIBOCT mllpClba y6e~elb3 IIJ1U )J,ejcTaB3 xojn BOLl,C K3 nornynoj KOHl'pOJIH 113)1. IKHROTOM JIII'I" nOCTII, H3)1. IbClIlIM y6e~elbllM3 II 0)J.1I0CIIM3 C )l.pyrllM J'bY)J,IIM3, a l'3KO~C II K3 pymclby JIII'IHor, uoponmuor IIml )),pYIIITllellor 'lOpa.TJa. K3 Bpe~an.y pennrU0311UX OCCli3lb3, nanomen.y IIITCTC KYJlTypHO-LI,YXOBHOj C3MOOIITHOCTII napO)l.a IIJ111 K3 1I0j3BH nperu,e CReTOM )l.3py IKIIROT3. Y OCTRapIIB311,y CBOjllX CO~lIj3J1I1I1X, )J,06P0'lUIIUTCJbCKIIX, 06pa30BIIHX II npyrnx ,'J.P~'IIITBCHO snauajHUX nporpasia, QpKB3 MOIKC )1.3 pasyna na nOMoli U C3)J.CjCTBO )l.pIK3Be. IICTO T3KO, 0113 UM3 npano 1l:3 osexyje )l.a lie IJ,PIK3B3, np"JIIIKOM ypC~C1b3 CBOjllX O)l.II0C3 C peJlUrll03HIIM 3ajC)l.III1~3M3, Y3UM3TH y 06311P 6poj IbHXOBIIX nplI" n3)1.III1K3, IbllXOBO Mecl'O y 4>OpMllp3lby ncropnjcxor, KYJll'ypHor II )l.YXOBlIor J1HKa H3pO)l.3, K30 II IblIXOBY rpa~allCKY n0311~Hjy.

3. 7. (POpMa H MeTogc ynpasn.aa,a y BCJIHKOj MCpH cY YCJIOBJbCIIH AYXOBHHM H MOpaJIHHM CTau,CM ApYIIITBa. 3Hajyhii TO, QpKBa npaxsara OAI'Onapajyha H360p JbYAH IIJIH My CC 6ap !IC cynporcraan.a.

Y BPCMC cynnja -- a TO je onaj nepnon KOjlI jc onncan y craposaaernoj KlhH31I 0 cYTllIjaMa - BJIaCT uuje l1cjCTBOBaJIa nocpencrnou rrplICHJIC nero nocpencrnon aYTopIITCTa, npn 'rcMY je Taj aYTopHTCT 6HO npcnoinen 60- )J(aHCTBCHOM caIIKI~HjoM. [Ia OH ce TaKBa BJIaCT ACJIaTHO OCmapHJIa, nepa y llPYIIITBY jc MOpaJIa na 6YAC BCOMa CHa)J(Ha. Y BPCMC MOH3pxllje BIT aCT je H nan.e 6HJIa TlaTa OA bora, aJIH aa CBOjy pCaJIH3aL\Hjy HlIjC KOpHCTIIJIa TOJIHKO l1YXOBHH aYTopHTCT KOJIHKO npHirygy. TIpCJra3aK OTI cnoxe cYAHja xa MOHapXlIjH CBCl10'IH 0 CJIa6JbClhY BCPC, 360r -rera ce II nojannna norpeoa na HCBIITlJbIIBH Ilap 6YAC 3aMClbCII BHTlJhHBHM (uapen). CaBpcMcIIC AeMoKpaTHje, na y TOM CMIICJIY H OHe xoje cy no csojoj CPOpMH MOHapxlIjc, HC Tpa)J(C (0)J(aHCTHCIIY CaI!KI~Hiy BJlaCTI1. OHC npencrann.ajy CPOPMY BJlaCTH y CCKYJrapHOM

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101

APYlIITBY, xoja npeTITOCTaBJba npano CBaKOr npasno cnocooaor rpahannna na aspaxanan.e COrrCTBeHe BOJbe nOCpeACTBOM H360pa.

UpOMCHa !j:IOpMC OJlaCTH y OHY xoja je pCJlHrH03110 yxopen.enuja a 6C3 HCTOOpCMCHor onyxoraopeu-a caster ));PYUIToa HY)KHO he CC H3P0));UTH Y J1aJK H J1U"CMcpjc, Y'IHHUTH TY !j:IOPMY HCMOhllOM H 06C30PC));HTH je Y O'lHMa JbY)l;H. MC~YTHM, HC MOJKC CC Y nomYHOCTH HCKJbY'IHTH MoryhHocT raxnor ));YXOBHor npenopona ));PynlTBa, Ka)l;a pCJlHrH03110 yssmnenaja !j:IopMa ));PJKaoHOI' ypehersa nOCTaHC npnponna. Y YCJIOBHMa poncrsa a Y CKJIaAY ca caseTOM arrOCTOJIa Ilasna, aKO U uoscetu 6w7111 cnotioaa« paauie ce ciiipiiu (1. Kop. 7; 21). Y nopeno C THM, UpKBa je AY)KHa na rnasny nasosy YCMepH He xa CHCTeMY cnon.aunse oprannaauaje npzcane, Hero xa cran.y cpua CBOjHX ~IJIaHOBa. 360r rora UpKBa cxratpa Aa aa lhY naje Moryhe na nocrane HHH~HjaTOp rtpouene cpopMe yrrpaBJbalha (AP)KaBOM). Apxnjepejcxa cafiop PYCKe rrpaBOCJIaBHe upxse je 1994. rOAHHe HarJIaCHO acnpannocr CTaBa Aa "UpKBa He MO)Ke AaBaTH rrpeAHOCT HHjeAHoM Ap)KaBHOM ypehen.y, najennoj OA rrocrojehax rrOJIHTWIKHX AOKTpHHa".

3.8. D:P)KaBa, a Y TOM CMHCJIY H CBeTOBHa, xao rro npanany CBeCHa je csor npasnaa na HapOAHH )KHBOT ypCAH na Ha'leJIHMa A06pa H npanne, na ce noopane 0 MaTepHjaJIHOM H AYXOBHOM 6JIarOCTalhY napona. 360r rora UpKBa MO)Ke na nejcrsyje aajenno ca Ap)KaBOM Y OHHM AeJIHMa xoja CJIY)Ke AO- 6py cave UpKBe, JIH'lHOCTH H APYlliTBa. Tpefiano 6H na aa UpKBY TaKBa capamsa rrpencrasa,a neo n.ene crraCOHOCHe MHcHje, xoja ooyxaara csecrpaay fipary 0 'lOBeKY. UpKBa je npmsaaa Aa ypeAII ~IOBeKOB )!(If BOT Y CBIIM 06JIacTIIMa, rne rOA je TO Moryhe, H na onrosapajyhe nanope YAPY)KH C npencrasHH~IIMa CBeTOBHe BJIaCTII.

Heonxonatr YCJIOB sa capann.y UPKBC H Ap)KaBe je YCKJIaljeHocT upxsenor yseurha Y Ap)KaBHIIM nOCJIOBHMa ca caMOM npaponos; H rrpH3HBoM IlpKBe, 0ACYCTBO Ap)KaBHOr AHKTaTa Y npyurrsenoj AeJIaTHOCTH UpKBe H HeyBoljelhe Ilpxse Y OHe crpepe Ap)KaBHe AeJIaTHOCTH Y KojHMa jc n.ena AeJIaTHOCT HeMoryha 3601' KaIIOHCKHX H npyrnx paanora.

Y Ca));alllfhCM IICTOPHjCKoM nCpHO));Y, 06J1aCTH capann,e QPKOC H ));pJKaBe cy cnenehe:

a) MHPOTOOPCTOO na MC~YHapO));1I0M, MC~yCTHHIJKOM U rpabancxou HHBO~. nosroh y Y3ajaMHoM pasyaenarsy U capamsu MC~Y JbY));UMa, HapO));HMa II lpiKaBa'laj

01 oplfra 0 OlJyoafhY MOpaJla y npynrrny;

o I ~-XOBHO, KYJlTypHO, MOpaJlHO H narpaorcxo ofipaaoaan,e U aacnaran.e; n .re.ra MHJlOCp~a If ));06POIJUHCTOa, pasnoj 3ajC));HUIJKUX connjamrax

aporpaua:

n) lJyoafhc, 06HaOJbafhC U pasuoj acropajcsor U KYJlTypHor HaCJlC~a, YKJbylJyjyhH U 6pHry 0 olJYBafhY KYJITYPHO-UCTOPUjCKuX cnOMCHUKaj

~) ));ujaJlor C opraanaa CBUX orpanaxa H IIHBoa ));pJKaBHC BJlaCTU a sesaHO sa mrraisa xoja cy anasajua aa QpKBY H aa ));PYIIITBO, UITO yKJbylJyjc U aspany onrosapajyhax saxoua, 3aKOHCKUX axara, O)J,JlyKa H peiueisa;

c) 6pura 0 oojHU"UMa U Capa));IIU"UMa YCTallOBa sa 3alllTUTY npana, fhUXOOO ));YXOBIIO-MopaJlIIO nacnarau.e;

JK) Tpy)J, na npo!j:lHJlaKTH"U Kpmefha saxona U 6pura 0 J1U"UMa xoja CC

nanaae na MCCTUMa rne cy J1HIIICHa CJl060)J,Cj

3) uaysa, yKJbylJyjyhu U XYMallUCTHIJKa ncrpaacnnan-a; n) 3)J,paBCToella 3aIllTUTa;

j) xynrypa H CTBapaJIalJKa )J,CJlaTIIOCT;

K) pan "PKOCHHX H COCTOBIIHX CpC));CTaBa MaCOBlIor UII!j:IopMucafha; J1) pa)); na OIJYBafhY JKUBOTIIC CPC));HIIC;

M) CKOIIOMCKa ));CJlaTHOCT na KOPHCT QPKBC, )l;pJKaBC U ));pYIIITOaj II) nonpnnca nOpO));H"U, MaTepHIICTOY If ));C"H;

fh) CYllpOTCTaBJbafhC )J,CJlaTHOCTIIIICCB;J,0-pCJllfrIf03HUX crpyxrypa, KOjc npencraarsajy onaCIIOCT sa J1UIJIIOCT If IJ.pymTBO.

Capana.a Llpxse II AP)KaBe !>wryha je H Y HH3), npyrnx crpepa, y CJIylJajeaaua KaA OHa CJIY)KH H3BplIIe]f,y sanaraxa KOjH onronapajy ropenaaeneHIIM 06JIaCTHMa ~pKBeHO-AP)KaBHOr sajenna-rxor nenosan,a.

HCTOBPCMCHO, nocroje H TaKBC 06J1aCTH, y KojHMa CBCmTCHOCJlYJKUTCJbH U KaHOHCKC "pKBeHC CTpyKTypc HC srory aa YKaJKY 1I0Moh ));pJKaBH H )l;a ca 1b0M capahyjy. To cy:

a) nOJlHTUIJKa 60p6a, IIpC)I;H360pHa arurannja, KaMnalba H nonpmxa onoj HJlH onoj nOJluTHIJKoj napraja, ApymTocHHM H nOJlUTHIJKHM J1H)J;cpUMaj

6) BO~CfhC rpahancxor paTa HJlH arpecopcxor cnoisaunser para;

B) HenOCpe));HO yseurhe y ofianenrrajnoj II csaxoj npyro] )l;CJlaTIIOCTH soja y CKJla)l;y C ))'p)KaBIIHM 3aKOllOM 3aXTCBa IJYBalba rajne '1aK H aa HcnOBCCTH H npHJlUKOM H3BcIIITaja "PKBCIIHM crapeumnaaa.

Tpannuaoaanaa 06J1aCT npynrrneuor pa)l;a UpaBOCJlaBHC "PKBC je sacrynan,e HapO));HHX norpefia npen )l;p)KaBHHM OJlaCTUMa, xao U npaaa H uacrojarsa nojenunnx rpahana II )),PYIIITBCHIIX rpyna. TaKBo 3acTynafhc, xoje npeacraas,a )),YJKHOCT QPKBC, MOJKC 6HTU H3HCTO xao YCMCHO HJlU nHCMCIlO ofipahan.e opramma ));pJKaBHC BJlaCTH pa3J1U'IUTHX orpanaxa U HHBoa a 0)); crpane onronapajyhe "PKBCHC HHcTaH"Hje.

3.9. Kao rro rrpaBUJIY, Y caapeveaoj Ap)KaBH nocroja nonena BJIaCTH na 3aKoHoAaBHY, H3BPlIIHY H CYACKY; npncyraa cy H pa3JIH'lHTH HUBOH BJIaCTH - ornnrenpxanmr, penlOHaJIHH H JIOKaJIHH. To onpebyje Cnel]HcpH'lHOCT capann,e Ilpxse ca pa3JIWlHTHM orpanuaaa H IIHBOHMa BJIaCTH.

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103

Capanua y 3aKOIIO~aRIIO.j BJI3CTH npencraan,» ~HjaJIOr U,pKRe H 3aKOIIOnanaua no nHTathHMa ycaRpmaBalha unurreapacaauor H JIOKaJIlIOr npaBa KOjC ce O~HOCH na }KHBnT u'pKBe, I~pKBeIlO-~p}KaBIIy capaan-y H aa «pepe ~pyIIITBeHe 6C36c~IIOCTH Ilpxae, Taj JiHjaJIOr CC TWIC rrOCTaBKII II 0TlJIYKa 3aKOHO,TiaBlIC BJIaCTH xoje HCMajy aenocpenan O,TiHOC ca nonouren.ev 3aKOHa.

Y KOIlTaKTY c H3RPIIIIIOM RJIaIIIll.y, U,pKBa jc ~y}KHa Il:a BOIl:H ~I1jaJIOr 0 O~JIyKaMa xoje ce O~HOCC IIa }KHBOT Ilpxne, aa I~pKBeHO-~p}KaBny capall:lhy H na crpepe Il:pymTBene 6C36e~HocTH Llpxse, 360r qera ce na o~roBapajyll.eM HHBOY Oll:p}KaBa KOIlTaKT ca lIC1ITpa,'IIIHM H JIOKaJIHHM opraunua H3BpIIIne BJiaCTH, na CaMI1M TIIM 11 ca OHHMa KOjl1 cy OAI'OBOPHI1 sa pClIIaBaIhC npaKTWIHHX III1Talba )KI1BOTa H TleJIaTIiOCTH pCJIIIrII03HIIX sajennana H sa nan- 30p HaTl IhHXOBHM O'IYBalbCM 3aKOIIa (oprann npasocyha, JW)KaBllOr TY)[(IInaurrsa, ynyrpaum.ax nena H CJI).

Capamsa u'PKBC H pa3JIHqHTHX IIHBoa cy~cKe BJiaCTH Mopa ce, y cnyxajy HconXO~HOCTH, OrpaHHqHTH aacrynau.en mrrepeca Ilpxne na cy~y. IlpKBa CC HC MClIIa Y IICIIOCPCTlHO OCTBapCH>C cjJYHKlil1ja 11 nYHOMOTII1 CYJiCKe BJIaCTI1. HHTCpCCC U,pKBe na cy~y, OCHM y CJIyqajeRHMa xpajn,e nY}KHOCTI1, sacrynajy MHpjallH, KOjH HMajy lIynoMoll. onrosapajyher IIHBoa CBClIITCIICTBa (XaJIKH~. 9). Ynyrapupxacne CIIOPOBC IIC 611 rpefiaao H3HOCHTH na CBCTOBI1H cy~ (AIITHOX. 12). MC~yKUII<PCCHOtlaJIIIH KUII<PJIIIKTH, a TaKu~c H KUII<PJIHKTH C paCKOJIIIHlIHMa KOjH ce He ~OTHqy mrrau,a sepoysen,a, Mory 6HTH H3I1eTH H IIa CBeTORHII cy~ (Kapr, 59).

3.10. CBCTH KalIOIIH 3a6palbyjy CBCIIJTCHOCJIY)[(I1TelliI1Ma na ce 06paTIajy Jip)[(aBIlI1M BJIaCTHMa 6C3 ,Ti03BOJle lIPKBCHI1X C'rapCUlI1Ha. Taxo, na npaMCP, 11. npannno CapAI1KHjcKOI' caoopa rnacn: "AKo CC HCKH CIIIICKon, npe- 3BHTep IIJlI1 YOIIllITC IICKO OTI KJlHpa 6C3 nonynrren.a IIJlH rpaxare (nacncne Tl03BOJlC, noacn,e) 0Tl enncxona TC 06J1aCTII IIJlH on Cnl1CKOna MIITponoJll1jc OABa)[(J1 na 1I0l)C KOIi napa, HCKa 6YAe paapeuren II IICKa 6YAc nmuen IIC cano OIIIIITelba nero H nocrojaucma, KOjC jc IIMao ... AKo nax IICOAJlO)[(lIa norpeoa npavopa nexora na nohe KOJi uapa, IICKa TO Y'II1HH onpC3HO 11 ca nonylIITClbCM enncxona MIITPOIIOJll1jC H OCTaJII1X CIIHCKona TC 06J1aCTH, H HCKa aa nyT rtohe C H,IIXOBHM rpavaraaa."

KOl!TaKTH 11 capamsa lJ,PKBC ca BHI1IHM opranaaa ,Tip)[(aBHC BJIaCTH ocrsapyjy CC nOCpC,TiCTBOM narpnjapxa II CBCTor CIIHOAa, ncnocpenno HJlH xpo s nocpemmxe, KOjH HMajy IIHCMCHY nOTBpAY CBOjc rrYHOMOft.H. KOH'raKTe l! capamsy C pCrHOHaJIHHM oprannaa BJlaCTH ocrsapyje pCmOHaJlH11 enn~;.;(\n. nenocpenno HJlH Kp03 npeACTaBHHKC, KOjH raxobe HMajy nHCMCHY no~Bpy (BUjC nYHOMOTIH. KOHTaKTH H capanisa C JlOKaJlHHM opranana BJlaCTH j~ eJ\h,ynpaBC ocrnapyjy CC I!()cPCTlCTBOM napoxnjcxax CBCIIITeHHKa a y3 6JIa-

mCJIOB enapxnjcxax enncxona. Onynoaohenu npcTlCTaBHHlIl1liPKBCHI1X CTapeuruna aa KOHTaKTC C opraHHMa BJlaCTH Mory ce OJipCAI1TII KaKO na rpajnoj OCHOBI1 TaKO 11 sa KOHCYJlTaliHjc y Be311 C OAPCI)CHI1M np06J1eMI1Ma.

Y cnysajy Il:a ce IIIITalhC xoje je pannje paauarpano na JIOKaJIHOM llJIH pCI'II0HaJIIIOM HIIBOY npenece na BIIIIIC oprane ~p}KaRIIe BJlaCTII, enapxnjcxn enncxon 0 TOMe 06aReUITaBa narpnjapxa II CBeTII CIIHO~, II Tpa}KII O~ IhIlX ~a nonpsce KOHTaKT ca ~p}KaBOM nOBOIl:OM narser pemanarsa naror nararsa, y cnysajy na ce CYIl:CKO nHT3IhC ca JIOKaJIHOr UJIII peruonanuor HIIBoa npeHCCC na BHIIJII IIHBO, enapxnjcxu enncxon nHCMeHO 06aBeIIITaBa narpnjapxa II CBCTII CIIHO~ 0 TOKY npCTXO~IIIIX Cy~CKIIX pacnpaBa. npC~CTojaTCJhH caMoynpaBHHX lIPKBCHHX oxpyra H OIlH Kojll ynpanrsajy enapxujana y ~pyfHM ~p}KaBaMa HMajy cneuajanan OJiaroCJIOB narpnjapxa II Cneror CHIIO~a sa onp}KaB3IhC CTaJIHHX KOIlTaKaTa ca BHIIIHM pyKOBO~CTBOM TIIX ~p}KaBa.

3. 11. LJ:a 6H ce II36erJIo MeIllaIhC npxnenax H Ap)[(aBHHX nOCJIOBa H na 611 ce OHCMorYTIHJIO na Llpxsa AOOIljc CBeTOBHH xapaxrep, KaIlOHII 3aOp3IhYjy KJIHpH~HMa ~a npaxsare yseuihe y noc.:'IOBIIMa Il:p}KaBHC ynpase. Taxo 81. AnOCTOJICKO npaBIIJIO rnacm "He ~omIKyjc enncxony llJIH npe3BHTcpy na ce ynyIIITa y naponny ynpaBy, jep je norpefino na ce nenpecrano 6aBII lIPKBCHII IIOCJIOBIIMa." 0 TUMe ce ronopa II y 6. AIIOCTOJICKOM IIpaBHJIy, a TaKo~e H y 10. npaBUJIY 7. BaCCJhCHCKOr cafiopa, Y canpesrenoa KOHTCKCTY, nare IIOCTaBKe CC He THqy cano 113BpIIIClha a~MHHHCTpaTIIBHe IIYHOMOIl.H BJIaCTII nero II yqCIIIll.a y IIpC~CTaBHllqKHM opramora BJiaCTH (B. 5. 2).

4. XPHID'BAHCKA ETHKA H CBETOBHO lIP ABO

4. 1. Bor je canpurcu, II 3aTO jc caspuren 11 xapMOHWIaH H CBCT KOjl1 je OH CTBOPI10. Ilocnenosaa.e 60)KaHCTBCIIIIM 3aKOHI1Ma 3Ha'm )[(HB01', 6YJiYTIH na jc CaM Eor 6ecKoHa'IHH 11 rroTlIYHI1 )[(HBOT. Kp03 npapOAI1TeJl,CKII rpeXOIIaA, y CBCT cy YWJlII 3JIO 11 rpex. Ynopeno C TI1M, nann 'IOBeK je sanpzcao cJl060AY na, y3 nOMOTI Eoxnjy, II3a6epc npann rryr. Ilpa TOM ra o-rysau,e OA bora AaTHX 3anOBCCTH yrnphyje y )KIIBOTY, Jl,OK oncrynan.e OA lhHX HeMIIHOBHO AOBO,Ti11 JiO ry6HTKa H CMpTH jep TaKBO oncrynan.e nnje nnurra npyro AO oncrynan.e on bora na, CaMI1~1 TlIM, H OA 6HTIa H )[(HBOTa, KOjH Mory noCTojaTI1 cavo y Hseuy: Tne, usuecox aanac upeqa Cue, .JiCU6oiIi II go6po, 3.flO U cupiu ... axo tiyaeu, Jby6110 Tociiooa Eoia ceojeia xoaehu iiyiueeuua lbeio- 6UM II apicet:« saiioeeciuu lbeioee, II ypeg6e Hseioee, II 3aKOHe lbeioee, 611- hew .JiCU6 ... a axo .flll ce ooepaiuu cpue tueoje u He )'3aC.fl)'lltnlll ueio saciiipanuiu ... iipoiuuuheiu u Hehe ce iipooyscuiuu cauu iiieoiu na 3e,ItJbll (5. Mojc. 30; 15~18). Y 1CMaJhCKOM nopcTKy crsapn, rpex II nnara l[CCTO HC cncne jC,TiIlO sa iiPyrHM, nero cc nporexcy TOKOM MHorHX ronnna na tlaK II noxo.reu.a: .fa

104

105

caM Focuoa DOZ lUIWj, DOZ peenuuiea; Koiu ua CUH0611AlG iioX0911.w 6e3aKOI-ba oiiiaua I-bUX0611X go mpeheza u neiiiepiuo: «onena OHLIX KOjU upse ua Me, a 'IllHlI.W MliflOC1U ua xunaaaua OHliX xoju Me .lby6e u uyeai» sauoeeciiiu Moje (5. Mojc. 5; 9 -10). TaKBa pasnen.enocr npecryna II Ka3He C jennc CTpaHC -ryna -ronexosy cHo6oAY, a ca Apyrc npuvopaaa pil3YMIIe II GJIarO'leCTI1HC JbYAe na acrpaxcyjy 60)[(aHCKC 3aKOHC, KaKO 6ll ce lIaY'IllJIll na paannxyjy npaBI1JIHO OA nenpannnnor H 3aKOHHTO OA neaaxonrrror.

Mnororipojne 36llpKe rroyxa H 3aKOHa npencrann.ajy najcrapnjc rmcaHe cnovenaxe. HeCYMlhl1BO jc na OHI1 rrOTWlY ll3 jorn paunjcr nepnona, nepnona xojn je nperxonao JbYACKOj rrllCMCHOCTI1, 6YAyhlll\a je "AeJIO 3aKOHa" EoI' sanncao y JbYI\CKil cpua (B. PIIM. 2; 15). Ilpaao OA IICKOHa nocroja y JbYHCKOM ApyWTBy. TIpBH aaxona cy 'IOBeKY AaTIi jour y pajy (B. 1. Mojc. 2; 16- 17). HaKoH rpexonana, KOjlI npencrasn,a '[OneKOBO uapymanan.e 3aKOHa Eo)[(lIjer, npano nocraje rpamma '!lIjlI npenasax oanauasa KaKO nponacr 'IOBCKOBe JIWIHOCTII TaKO H nponacr JhYACKC 3ajCI\HIIl\e.

4. 2. Ilpaso je npaasano na 6YAC IICrrOJbaBaIbC jeAIIHcTBcHor 60)[(aHCTBeHor 3aKOHa crsapau.a CBeTa y couajannoj II nOJIIiTWIKoj crpepn. YrropcAO C TIIM, CBaKIi npasna CIiCTeM KOjlI je CTBOpliJIa JbYACKa aajemnma I1peACTaBJba rrpOlI3BOA ncropajcxor paasoja II HOCII na ce61I ne-rar orpaHII'IeHOCTII II aecaapurencrna. Ilpano je noceona crpepa, xoja ce pa3JIIIKyje 01\ n.oj 6JIliCKe eTII'IKe crpepe: OHO He onpehyje ynyrpama,a cran.a -roaexonor cpua, jep je Cpuesanan jenano Eor,

Me~yTIIM, JbYACKO noaauran,e II 110cTynl\1I npencrasn.ajy 06jeKaT npasHe perynaunje, xoja '!lIHII CaAP)Kaj 3aKOHOAaBcTBa. TIp aBO raxohe npenanha npeAY3IIMaIbe Mepa xoje he npaaoparn na noxopasan,e 3aKoHY. Canxunje xoje je 3aKOHOAaBal\ npensaneo y l\IIJbY aacnocrasn.aaa noraxceuor npasHOI' noperxa '!lIHe 3aKOH rrOY31\aHOM CTcrOM CBC AO onor speuena xana ce, xao WTO ce TOKOM I1cToplije 1\0ra~aJIO MHoro nyra, He cpytun uenoxynan CIiCTeM aKTI1BHOr npana. Y OCTaJIOM, 6e3 npasa He MO)Ke na nocrojn HI1KaKBa JI'YACKa aajenanua II 3601' rora ce na MecTY cpymenor npasnor noperxa 110-

oe npnxnara JIH~e xoje je nOMHJIOBaJIO npecrynnaxa (BJIaAap, l\yXOBHIIK, sajennaua II CJI). Crpanan.e ncuen.yje l\Ywy xoja je nonpehena rpexov. )]:0- 6pOBOJbHa crpanan.a HeBllHIIX 3601' rpexosa npecrynnaxa npencrasn.ajy najBIIWII 06JIliK ncxynn.en.a, 'mja je xpaju.a rpannua )[(pTBa r ocnona Hcyca, Koja je na Ce6e Y3CO rpexe CBCTa (B. 111. 1; 29).

4. 3. Iloaxau,e rora, xyna rrp0J1a31I "rpaanua yspcne" xoja pasnaaja 'JOBeKa 01\ 'IOBeKa pa3JIIiKOBaJ1a ce y pa3JIWIIITI1M l\PYIlITBIiMa II y pa3JIWIIITIIM erroxana. YKOJ1I1KO je JbYACKa 3ajCI\HIIl\a penarnoanuja, YTOJ1IIKO je Y n,oj ja-ra CBeCT 0 jCl\I1HCTBY 11 l\CJIOBIiTOCTI1 CBeTa. JbYl\I1 ce y pCJIlirlI03Ho l\eJ10BIITOM APYWTBY nocaarpajy na ABa nnana: II xao jeAHHcTBeHe J1WIHOCTII, xoje IIIIII croje IIJIII nanajy npen EorOM (B. PIIM. 14; 4) II xojnva 3601' rora He cyne npyrn JhYl\II, II xao Yl\OBIi jel\IIHCTBeHor, sajcnmorxor TeJIa, y xojeu 60J1eCT jennor oprana AOBOl\1I 1\0 CJIa60CTli ITa 'laK 11 1\0 CMpTIi 'JlITanor oprauaava. Y OBOM ApyroM CJIY'Jajy, CBaKOM lJOBeKY MO)[(C II rpefia na CYI\II sajenaaua, rj. CBeT, C 063IIpOM na nocrynun jenner yTWIY na MHore. Ilpeva pe'IIIMa CB. Ceparpana CapOBCKor, YKOJ1IIKO jenau npasemrax 3aAO- 6IIje CMlIpeH nyx, TO AOBOI\II AO cnacasan.a XIIJbaAC JbYAIi OKO n.era, AOK carpeuren.e jenner 6e3aKOHHKa MHore OABOL\U y nponacr.

TaKaB OAHOC rrpeua rpCWHUM U rrpeCTyrrHII'IKIIM nojasava liMa 'IBpCTy OCHOBY Y CBeTOM TIIICMY H Ilpenaisy I1paBOCJIaBHe upxse. D.fW20CJlOBUMa upaeeouux Jbygu uoausce ce iptu) a C yciua 6e36oJ/CHlI'IKlIX pacxouaea ce (I1PII'IC COJ1. 11; 11). )KIITeJbC Kecapnje Kananoxnjcxe, xoja cy CTpaAaJIIi 3601' rnana II )[(e~lI, CBeTIi Bacannje BeJ1IIKII noyxaaao je CJICl\ehIIM pC'IuMa: "3601' HCKOJ1IIl\IIHe nenahe I\OJIa3e na 'IIITaB napon, a 3601' fieaaxorsa jennora IbCrone rrJIOAOBC OKYlIIajy MHOr.u. Axap jc rrOlJlIHIIO xpaby CBCWTeHHX npennera, H rr06IIjeH je 'I1ITaB nyx. 3aMplije je 6JIYAHII'1li0 C MaAlIjaHKoM, a 113palin, je noueo Ka3HY." 0 TOMe nmue II MOCKOBCKII ermcson Kanpajan: "3ap JlC 3Hal\OCTe Aa napomnr rpex nana aa KHe3a xao WTO II KHC)[(CB rpex rrana na HapOl\?"

3601' rora cy I\PCBHII 3aKOHIIl\1I pcrYJ1IICaJIH II OHC crpane )KHBOTa xoje ce cana HaJla3C 1I3BaH crpepe npannor perynacan,a. Ha rrpHMCp, npesra rrpaBHIIM oApeA6aMa I1eToKIbU)[(ja Mojcejesor, npersyoa je Ka)[(IhaBaHa CMPTHOM Ka3HOM (3. Mojc. 20: 10), I\OK ce nanac OHa y BchliHII 3CMan,a HC CMaTpa KPIIICIbeM npasa. KaA ce 113ry6u B1i~CIbC CBeTa y n.eroaoj l\CJIUHII, crpepa rrpaBHe perynauaje CBOAH ce CilMO aa cny-rajese o-mrnenae IlITeTe, rra ce 'IaK II IbCHIi OKBl1pU cyxanajy ynopcno ca CJ1a6n,eIbeM APYIlJTBCHOr MOpaJ1a H ca CCKYJ1apII3al\lIjoM CBCCTII. Taxo je, na npnuep, Bpa'IapCTBO y I\PCBHIIM sajenHIIl\aMa CMaTpaHO sa TC)[(aK rpex. Ilanac, Me~YTIIM, npaso aa isera rnena xao na rrplIBIII\HO ACjCTBO H 3aTO ra HC Ka)[(IbaBa.

janrsyje HOBH 3aKOHOAaBHII CIICTCM.

Ilpauo y ce61I Ca)l,p)[(H lIeKH MIIHHMyM MOpaJIlIHX 1I0pMH xoje cy ofiaaeJHe sa CBe QJIallOBe npyurrsa. 3a)l,aTaK caeroanor saxona IIC cacroja cc y roue )l,a CBeT, xoja JICJKII y 3JIY, npersopa y Ilapcrso EOJKHjc, Hero y TOMe aa ce onne npersopn y naxao, TeMeJbIIO Ha'IeJIO npana je - "He 'IllHH npyroMe OHO, !IITO He )[(CJ1IIIll caMOMe ce61I". AKO je QOBCK nenpaaenno "OCTY"HO npexa npyrnae, OH)I,a ce ry6HT3K, KOjH je uaner ~eJIOBHTOCTH 60JKaHCTBeHOI' 1I0peTKa CReTa, MOJKe lIa)l,OKlla)l,IITH IIJIII Kp03 crpanan.e IIpeCTynHIIKa BJIB Kp03 nOMHJIORalbe, Ka)l,a MOpaJIlle nOCJIell.I1~e rpeumor nOCTYIIKa na CC-

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107

TIaJ( 'IOBCKOBC npnponc, xoju je 1l306JIWl110 II 'IOBCKOBY CBeCT, HC J(Onynrra My na 60)KaHCTBCHll saxon npllXBaTll y CBOj lbCI'OBOj nYHOTll. Y paaJIWUITI1M enoxava 'IOBCK je 61lBaO CBCCTaH cano jenner J(CJla onor saxoua. To 1l3BPCHO noxaayje cBalIryCJICKa CrraCllTCJI,CBa 6cccJ~a 0 pa3BoJ(Y. Mojcej je J(onYITTTaO na CanJrCMCHI1~ll paCKllHy 6paK ito otcopenociiiu CIJ02a cpua; y llO'{eIUKY nnje 611JIO raxo, jcp y 6paKy lJOBCK II )KCHa nocrajy jegHo iiieno, 360r nera je 6paK nepacxanns (B. MT. 19; 3--6).

MC~YTHM, Y OIlHM CJIY'IajcoHMa xana JhY,lI,CKH 3aKOH Y IIOTIIYIIOCTH o,ll,oaIIH allCOJIYTIIY OOJKallCToclIY IIOPMY H 3aMCII11 je OIlOM xoja joj jc cynporna, 011 npecraje na 0YAC 3aKOII H nperaapa ce Y oC3aKolhc, OC3 o03Hpa na TO Y KaKBC jc npanne O,ll,CJK)J;C OOY'ICII. TaKO jc, na npavep, y Ilexanoi» (Ilccer 3anOBCCTlI) jacno PC'ICHO: Ilouuiiy] OIW C602 II uaiuep ceojy (2. Mojc. 20; 12). CBaKa CBCTOBHa uopsra xoja nporasypem TOj 3arrOBCCTlI HC 'IlIHlI npecrynnaxov OHOra KOjll jy napyma nero cavor 3aKOHOJ(aBI~a. ,Il,PYflIM pC'IlIMa, lliyJ(CKlI 3aKOH H11KaJ( HC CaAP)Kll nynory 3aKOHa nO)I(l1jer; MeryYTlIM, na 6ll OCTao 3aKOH, OH Mopa na onrosapa 6orOYCTaIlOBlliCHlIM Ha'ICJIllMa, a IIC 11a lIM npornsypcsa.

4. 4. I1CTOPlIjCKlI nocvarpano, PCJIlIrll03HO II CBCTOBHO npaao nora-ry ca ncror 1I3Bopa II TOKOM JW)Kcr spevena npencrasn.ana cy cano ABa acnexra jeaae rrpasne OCHOBC. TaKBa npencrasa 0 npany KapaKTep11CTWIHa je II aa Crapn 3aBeT.

TIp1I3BaBilIll OHe xoja cy My seprm Y Ilapcrso xoje anje OA osora CBCra, [OCIIO,ll, I1cyc XP11CTOC jc U:PKBY, xao Csoje '1'CJIO, onsojno OJ( CBeTa xojn JIC)KlI y 3JIy (B. JIK. 12; 51-52). Y xpaurhancrsy je ynyrpaunsa 3aKOH U:PKBC cJI060J(aH OJ( ,lI,YXOBHO nanor crarsa CBCTa, rra My CC 'IaK 11 cynporcrasn.a (B. MT. 5; 21-47). MCryYTllM, TO cynporcrann.an.e rrnje aapyuraaan,e Hero acrryIbClbC 3aKOHa nYHOTC 60)J(aHCTBCHC npasne xoja je 'IOBe'laIlCTBO OA6aI11IJIO y rpexonany. Ilopeneha CTap03aBeTHe nopxre ca IIOPMOM 6JIarc secrn, [0- cnon Y EeceAlI na ropn rr0311Ba na ce AOCTlIrHe nornyna lICTOBeTHOCT )KllBOra C allCOJIYTIIlIM 60)KaHCTBeIIlIM 3aKOHOM, rj. npmasa aa 060)KClbe: Eyauiue caepiueuu «ao tuiuo je caeptuen II Oiuau 8(l11l He6eCKL/ (MT. 5; 48).

4. 5. Y U:PKBll, xojy je C'rBOPlIO I'ocnon I1cyc XPllCTOC, nenyje noceriao npano, 'mjlI TeMCJb npencraan,a 60)KaHCTBelIo orxposcn,e. To je KaHOHCKO rrpa- 130. AKO cy npyra 3aKOHCKH IIPOfilICH AaTH'[OBe'JaHCrBY xoje jc OTrraJIO OJ( nora 11110 CBOjOj npnponn Mory na 6YAY ACO rpabaacxor 3aKOHOJ1aBCTBa, OHAa je xpnurhancxo npano npllHIll1IIJIjCJIHO aancouajanno. OHO nClIocpCJ(HO HC MO)Ke J(a '-''.]( In \ rpabancxor 3aKOHOAaBCTBa, lIaKO y xp11whaHcKlIM 3ajeAHlI~aMa IlP:L:]! 1\-;3.[(lTBOpaH yrnnaj ua n.era, nojann.yjyhn cc xao n.eroaa MOpaJIHa OCHOBa.

:\rllUlliaHcKc ,lI,p)KaBC cy 06WIHO KOPlICTlIJIC MOJ(lIcplIKoBaHo npaao rra:..:n~;,,;,; 3;'C\!ClIa (Ha npmrep, PHMCKO npaso y Jycrunnjanonoa "KoAeK-

cy"), 6yJ(yhlI na cy ce II Y IbCMY caJ(p)KaJIc HOPMC CarJIaCHe C 60)KaHCTBeHOM npasno«. Mehyru«, noxymaj na ce CTBOPII rpahancxo, KPHBWIIIO lIJilI I\P)KaBIIO rrpaBo 3aCHOBalIO HCKlli Y'IlIBO aa EBaHryCJh Y ne MO)Ke na ce OAP)K11, jep 6C3 onpxacn.aaan.a nvnore )KI1BOTa, rj. 6C3 nornyue noricne HaA rpcXOM, npano UPKBC HC MO)KC na rtocranc H npaBO CBeTa. Ta rtofieua je Moryha cavo y CCXaTOJIOI11Koj nepcnexruna.

YOCTaJIOM, noxyuraj na ce xpacrnjaaaayje npannn CIICTeM aacneben OA narancxor PlIMa, cnposenea y npene CECTor ~apa Jycrmmjaua, noxasao cc xao nOTIIYHo ycncuiau ynpano 360r rora 1111'0 je 3aKOHOJ(aBa~, crnapajyhn "KOI~CKC", 61I0 nornyno CBCCTaIl rpatrnue KaKBa onsaja nopenax osora CBCra > KOjlI jc II Y xpnmhancxoj erroxn IIa CC61I HOCl10 nenar nana II rpCXOBI[C lIcKBapcnocTlI - OA YCTalIoBlliclba 6JIarOAaTHOl' TCJIa XPllCTOBOl' - U:PKBC, 'IaK H Y CJIY'Iajy xan cY ynos« OBOI' Tena II rpahana xplIIIIhaIICKe Ap)KaBC jenna lICTa JIlI~a. JYCTllHlIjaHoB "KOI1CKC" je sa xmorc BCKOBe OAPCAIIO npasHO YCTpOjCTBO BH3aHTlIje II noxa sao sna-rajan vrnuaj na npaso Y Pvcnjn II Y aarramtoenponcxan 3eMlliaMa TOKml cpe.m.er BCKa II HOBIIJeT nooa.

4. 6. Y canpenenoj cnercxoj COCCTII 0 IIconXOllIOCTII npasnor noperxa jCIIHO 011 1I0MHllaHTHOX nauena nocranaje nneja 0 lIeOT~~1I0IPtI npaaasra JlO'lIIOCTII. Hneja TaKBlIX npasa 3aCHOBaHa je na OIlO.lI1jcKml Y'[ClbY 0 '[OBeKY xao 0 ofipasy II nOAo61Ijy nO)KHjnl, xao 0 OHTO.10mKII c.106oAHm.1 61Ihy. "TIorJICAaj OHC KOjlI TC oxpyxyjy", naure npenonoonn AHTOHIIjC ErnnarCKlI, "II snaj J(a CTapeIIllIHe II snanapn lIMajy BJIaCT cavo Han TC.10M. arm He II Hal~ nymoj«, II nexa 'I'll TO YBeK 6y,ll,e na yMy. 360r rora, aa npaxrep. xana HaM OHII 3arrOBCJ(e na y6HjeMo lIJIlI na Y'IllHHMO HemTO lICTO TaKO HeAOJIWIHO, HerrpaBeJ(HO II nymcryoao, HC rpeoa na 11X rrocnyurajro, 'JaK II KaA 61I HaM MY'IlIJIlI TCJIO. nor je nyruy CTEOPIIO xao CJIo60AHY 11 CaMOBJIaCHY II ona je cnooonna ua nocrynn KaKO ron xohe _. /.I06po lIJilI phaso."

Xpnurhaacxa cO~HjaJII[OI~p)KaBHa ernxa saxresana je na ce sa 'IOBeKa

rh h ""

ca-iyna nexa ayronovna crpepa, rne ne n.erona caaecr OCTaTlI CaMOBJIaCHlI

rocnonap jep, y xpajn.ea ncxony, on CJI060AHOr 1I3pa)KaBaIM BOJI,C 3aBlIClI cnacen,e lIJIlI nponacr, nyr xa XplICTY lIJllI nyr OA Xpncra. Ilpasa na sepy, na )K11BOT II na noponnny npencraan.ajy 3aIlITlITY cxpnaenax OCHOila lIOBeKOBe cJlo6oI1C on cajroson,e Tyrynx ClIJIa. Ta YHYTpaIlIH,a rrpalla nonyn.yjy ce II rapairryjy ApyrlIM, CnOJbalJllhlIM- na npmiep, npaBoM na cnobony rrpecersen.a (npeveurran.a), J(06njaIba nHCpOpMal1lIja, crsapan,a lIMOBlIHC, lbeHOI' 1I0CCI10BaIba II IbCHC npeJ(aJe.

Bor urrnrn soeesoay CJIOOOAY II HlIKan He BpUIlI HaClIJhC nan lberOBOM BOlliOM. HanpOTlIB, carana nacrojn 11a OBJIaAa '[OBeKOBOM BOlliOM II na je IIOp06H. AKO .ie npaso caI'JIaCIIO C 60)KaHCTBeHOM rrpaBAOM xojy je OTKPIIO [0-

108

cnon Hcyc XPllCTOC, onna II OHO croja na crpaxca JbYACKC CJI06oAe: Foe je Ilvx Fociioan-u, once je CJlO60ga (2. Kop. 3; 17), a CaMllM TllM -ryaa II HCOTy- 1j1lBa npana JIWIHOCTll. OHC rpanatmje, Kojl1Ma Hl1jC n03HaTO Ha'ICJIO XPI1- CTOBC CJI060AC, rrOHCKaA TC)J(C na nOT'Il1HC 'IOBCKOBY caBCCT cnorsaum,oj BOJbll BOIjC llJIll KOJICKTIIBa.

4. 7. Cpaaaepno ceKyJlapH3aO:lljH, yaamuena nasena qOBeKOBHX neory~HBHX npaaa npeTBOpWIa cy ce y nojan 0 npanaxa HH)J,IiBHA)'e H3BaH lLeHe nese ca Boron. UpH TOM ce OqYBaILe CJI060)J,e J1HqHOCTH TpaHC(iwpMHCaJlO y 3aillTHTY CaMOBOJhe (CBC AOTJIC AOK OHa He MO)J(C na HaWKOAI1 ApymM IIH)J,IlBIlnyaaa), a raxohe II y 3aXTCB)J,a upzcaaa rapaaryje O)J,PCIjCHII MaTcpujaJIHII HUBO nocrojan.a JIll'l:HOCTU II nOpOAI1QC. Y CllCTCMY caapevenor, CBCTOBHor 11 X}'MaHllCTll'IKOr noauaa,a rpabancxor npaaa, 'JOBCK CC HC nocaarpa xao 06pa3 EO)J(lljll nero xao CaMOl'TaJIaH II caMOAOBOJbaH cyojexa'r. MCljyTIIM, 113BaH Eora nocroja cauo nann 'IOBCK, xojn je BCOMa )J,aJICKO OA onor nneana caBpWCHCTBa KaKaB O'ICKyjy xpnurhaaa II xoja jc OTKPllBCH Y XpllCTY (E80 l108eKa!). 3a xpmnhaacxy CBCCT 0 HY)J(HOCTU npasnor noperxa, ll)J,cja CJIo60AC II 'l:OBCKOBllX npasa aepacxannao je rrOBC3aHa C anejoa CJIY)J(Clba. Ilpana cy xpmuhaHHHy npeBacXO)J,HO norpefina 360r mra na 6H, noce)J,yjyliH HX, na Haj60JhH HaqHH MoraO)J,a OCTBapH CBOj Y3BHllIeHH npH3HB na "nO)J,06Hje EO)J(Hje" H)J,a 6H ncnynno CBOjy )J,YIKHOCT npea EoroM H lJ,PKBOM, npen )J,pyfHM JhY)J,llMa, nopO)J,HO:OM, )J,plKaBOM, Hapo)J,OM H )J,pyrHM JhY)J,CKIiM 3ajC)J,Hllo:aMa.

Kao pC3YJITaT cexynapaaanaje, Y HOBlljC BPCMC rrOCTaJIa je )J,OMllHaHTna reopaja npaponnor npasa, xoja y csojau KOHCTpYKl\lljaMa HlljC Y3CJIa y 063llP nan 'l:OBCKOBC npapone. Ta reopaja, MCIjYTIIM, naje ll3ry61lJIa BC3Y C xpaurhancxov rpanauajoi« jep nonasa O)J, yrieben.a )J,a cY nojvona )J,06pa II 3JIa CBOjCTBCHll 'IOBC'l:Il.jOj npapona Il. )J,a YCJICA rora npano H3paCTa Il.3 castor )J(llBOTa, aacaasajyha CC na casecra (" KaTcropWIKOM MOpaJIHOM Il.MrrCpaTllBY"). Ilara reopnja je CBC)J,O 19. BCKa BJIa)J,aJIa y esponcxoa )J,PYWTBy.lbcHa npaxra-ma nocnenaua 6llJIO je, xao npno, Ha'l:CJIO Il.CTOPlljCKC nenpexannoCTIl. npasae OCHOBC (rrpaso ce HC MO)J(C yxanyrn, xao IIITO CC He MO)J(C yxaHYTH Hll caBCCT, OHO CC MO)J(C cavo ycaspunrra II na 3aKOHl1T Ha'l:llH npanaronnra HOBllM OKOJIHOCTllMa II cnyuajeauaa) a xao npyro, Ha'l:CJIO npecenana I vnpaan.ajyha CC caseurhy II npasnaa 06WIajCM, CYA MO)J(C)J,a )J,OHCCC npaBII.1I1)" rj. CarJIaCHY ca BOJbOM EO)J(l1jOM, CY)J,CKY O)J,JIYKy).

Y caBpCMCHOM CXBaTalbY rrpaBa, AOMllHllpajy nornena KOjl1 cy auonorCTCKI1 y O)J,HOCy na n03Il.TllBHO, aKTIl.BHO npano. Y CKJIa)J,y ca IbllMa, npano npC)J,CTaBJba 'l:OBC'IlljH H3yM, KOHCTpyKI~lljy xojy )J,PYWTBO CTBapa pana corrCTBCHC KOPI1CTll M aa peuranan,e sanaraxa KOjC 0110 cave onpehyje, Ilpena TOMC, 3aKOHl1Ta je CBaKa ll3MCHa npaaa, YKorrMKO je )J,PYWTBO npaxsara. 113a

109

rracanor KOACKca HC nocrojn IIMKaKBa anCOJIY'J'Ha npasna OCHOBa. 3a )J,aTO mCAllWTC, 3aKOHllTa je CBaKa PCBOJIYl\llja xoja na CI1JIY oA6al\yjc 3aKOHC "CTapor CBCTa"; 3aKOHllTO je Il. nOTrrYHO onpauau.e O)J, MOpaJIHC HOpMC, YKOJII1KO npyurrso OA06paBa TaKBO O)J,plll~albC. Ilpeva TOMC, ~KOJII1KO caBpcMc.HO APt mTBO HC cxratpa na je aoopryc y6llCTBO, OH CC HI1 Jypll)J,ll'lKll HC rroJ3BJbYJC xao TaKaB. ArrOJIOrCTI1 rr03llTl1BIIOr rrpasa npernocrasrsajy Aa APYWTBO MO)J(C Aa YBC)J,C najpaana-nrraje HOPMC UOK, C npvre crpane, CBa~ll aKTI1BHll sa-

KOH cnarpajy JICrl1TI1MlIllM seh 11 360r caaor u.eronor nocrojaisa. .

4. 8. Ilpasna nopenax HCKC 3CMJbe npencrann.a nojennua-my sapajanry onnrrer 3aKOHa KOjllM ce ypebyje CBCT, a CBOjCTBCH jc HCKOM OAPcljCHOM napony. TCMCJbHa Ha'ICJIa 'IOBCKOBor onnoca npexa npyrox 'IOBCKY 11 BJIaera; APywTBa 11 YCTaHOBC npeua YCTaHoBll Hal\llOHaJI~11 3aKOH ncnon.aaa y cKJIaAY C KOHKPCTHOM Hal\l1joM xoja nocrojn y I1CTOPllJll. Hal\llOHaJIHO npaBO jc necaspureao jcp jc necasptnen 11 rpeuran csaxn napon. OHO, MC?YTllM, crsapa OKBllP HapOT\HOr )J(llBOTa YKOJII1KO anCOJIYTHC ncrane EO)J(llJC npe-

HOCll II npanarobana KOHKPCTHOM acropajcxosi 11 Hal\llOHaJIHOM 6Mhy. .

TaKO CC, na npanep, TOKOM xnn.any ronana npasna nopenax Y Pycnja rrOCTcrrCHO paasajao II YCJIO)J(lbaBao ynopeno ca paasojen II YCJIO)J(lbaBalbCM caM or ApYWTBa. 06WIajHOM CJIOBCHCKOM npasy. ~oje jc A~ 10. BCKa ca-rynaJIO HCKe ornrrreapnjescxe ¢OpMC, YCJICA xpacrajanasauaje cy AOAaTll CJICMCHTll saaaarajcxor 3aKOHOAaBCTBa. Ta CJICMCHTH cy, nocpenctaoxr JYCTllHlljaHoBor "Konexca", AOCC3arru AO KJIaCH'l:HOr pl1MCKOr npasa. OCHM Tora, )J,OAaTH cy My II KaHOHH l\pKBCHOr npasa, soja cy rana CpaCJIH C rpaljaH~KHM npasosr. ITO'ICB OA 17. BCKa, PYCKO npaso aKTHBHO npaxnara HOPMC H jypaAH'IKy JIOrIIKY sartannoeaponcxor 3aKOHOAaBCTBa, npH. '1CMY ce TO neurasa na oprancxu lIa'Il1H, TaKO na jc pl1MCKa npasna Tpa)J,Hl\HJa, 6a3WlHa sa Espony, y Pycnjy AOWJIa H3 KOHCTaHTIl.HOnOJba, aajenno ca xpaurhaacraox, H TO jour Y 1O~ 11. BCKy. Ilpcsna "PYCKa npasna", KHC)J(CBCKH YCTaBH II YCTaBHe noaerse (rpaaare). CY)J,CKe nonen,e Il. 3 aKOIIHl\Il. , CTOrJIaB, Ca60pHH 3aKOHIl.K Il.3 1649, nerposcxe apruxyne ('1JIaHOBI1) H YKa3Il., 3aKOHCKH aKTH KaraPI1HC BCJIIl.KC H AJICKcaHT\pa Ilpsor, pC¢OPMC AJIeKCaHApa Ilpyror Il. OCHOBHIl. AP)J(aBHIl. 3aKOHIl. Il.3 1906. npCACTaBJbaJII1 cy jCAHHCTBCIIO npasno TKIl.BO naponnor opranassia KOjIl. ce crsapao. HCKC HOPMC cy aacrapesane H OAYMHpaJIe a npyre cy I1X 3aMelbIl.BaJIe. HCKC npasne HOBlllIC noxasane cy ce xao neycneume: OHC III1CY onrosapane yCTpOjCTBy lIapOAHOr )J(llB?Ta Il. npeCTaJIH cy na HX npavea.yjy. TOK PCKC pycxor npasnor noperxa '1Il.JI1 cy 113BOpn AOCC3anIl. AO )J,aJICKC Il.CTOPIl.jC, 3aYCTaBJbCH je 1917 .. r. Ha AaH 22. HOB eM- 6pa TC rOAI1HC CaBC3 HapO)J,HIl.X xosrecapa jc, YCKnaljYJYhll ce C AYXOM II03Hrasne TCOPHjC npana, yKHHyO qCJIOKyrrHo pYCKO 3aKOHOAaBCTBO. HaKOH WTO

110

III

je nO'ICTKOM 90 THX ronmra 20. nexa conjercxa BJIaCT 110)KHBCJIa xpax Y I1C- 33BHCHHM 63JITH'IKHM I1p)K3BaM3, npannn CHCTCM H3JIa:m ce y npouecy I1aCT3I1Ka. Y n.erony OCIlOBY cy, xao 110MlllIaHTIIC, CTaBJbeHe one nncjc. xaxne nnanajy y caBpeMCHOM cexynapnaouauov npaBy.

4. 9. Ca'IYBaBIlIH COIICTIlCHO aYToHoMHO npaso, 3aCHOBaIlO na CBCTHM KaHOHHMa H ne H3JIa3Chll H3 rpannua COlICTBeHor, I\pKBeIIOI' )KHBOTa, UpKBa Xpacrosa MO)Ke na nocrojn Y OKBllpllMa Hajpa3JIH'IHTlljHx npasnnx CHCTCMa npcva xojava ce OHa 0I1HOCIl C 110JIH'IHIIM nonrronan.ea. IJ,pKB3 HCnpeCfaIIO II0311B3 CBOjy II3CTBY na 6YAY rpahann xojn cy nojanna sakony CIlOjC 3CMaJI,CKC ClTaIJ6llIIe.

Y CBCMY I1ITO ce TWIe llCKJby'mBo 3CMaJbCKOr nopcrxa crnapn, npasoCJIaBHH xpmuhanmr je nY)KaH l1a ce IIoBHIIyje 3aKOHIlMa, HC3aBIlCHO 011 rora KOJIIlKO cy OEIl caapurcnn HJIll neycneunm. Kana ncnyn.aaau,e 3aXTCBa 3aKOna npern BCqIlO.\f cnacclhY, Kail, npernocraan,a qUII oil,cTynatha Oil, sepe U.TIII u3Bpllla8alhc nexor HCCYMlhuBor rpexa Y Oil,II0CY na Bora U OJIH)KlhCr, xpumhaunn ce 1I03U8a na 1I0il,8UI' pail,u npanae lio)Kujc U cuacen,a C80jC il,VIIIe aa BeqHU )KUBOT. 011 jc I1Y)Kall il,a na 3aKOHUT UaqIIH UCTYUII "POTIIB OC3}'CJlOn- 1I0r ~apYlIIaBalha YCTaBa II saxona lio)Kujux Oil, crpane II:PYUlTBa U il,p)KaBCj aKO .J.c nax TaKBO 3aKOIIUTO ncrynan,c oncnoryhem, UJIU IICe(IHlKaCIIO, il,Y)Kall .Ie na 3aJ3Mc n03HlIujy rpahancxe IICnOCJIYIlIIIOCTU (B. 3. 5).

5. ~PKBA H rrO~HTHKA

lbeHHX 'IJIaHOBa y 3aje,qHH'IKH CTBapaJIa'IKH pan. UpKBa je npnsnana na rrponosena H na rpann MHp ca l~CJIOKyIIHHM, sa Ihy CrrOJL31IIlbHM I1PYWTIlOM: AKO ie uoiyhe, KOJllIKO 90 6ac ClUO/II, lLIw/lue AWP ca C61l.\W JbY911.Ha (PI1M. 12: 18). Ciuapaiiue ce 9(1 usuiiue uup ca C611.~W (Jenp. 12; 14). MCl)YTHM, sa IbY jc jOIlI B3)Klmje YHYTP3WlbC jCI1HHCTBO Y BCpH H JI,y6aIlI1: MOJlll.H 6ac, OaK, (ipaho, II.HeHOJt Focuooa naiueia J1cyca Xpuciua oa C6U uciuo ioeopuiue II ga He 6."- 9Y Jlle!}.\' 6a.Ha pasqopu, ueio qa 6ygelUe ylU6p!}eHll y IIClUO.1t paeyu» II IIClUoj wucnu (1. Kop. 1: 10). JenHHCTBO UPKBC xao TajHIlCTBCHor TeJI3 XPHcToBor, 0/\ "Hjer uenospebenor 6HTJ1ja 3aBJ1CH 'lOBCKOBO Be'IHO cnaceu,e, npc):ICT3- sn.a n.eny H3jBChy BPC,qHOCT. Otipahajyha ce 'IJIaHOBHMa UPKBC XpJ1CTOBe, CBeTH I1rlb3TJ1jc borOIIOC3I\ nmne: ''CBH BH xao na 'IHHI1TC jenan xpa» Eo)KHjll J1 jenan )KPTBCHHK, xao 113 'IHHHTC jenner Hcyca."

Y3 nocrojan,e IIOJIHTH'IKOr aec.taran.a. nporusype-nrocm H 60p6c, UpKB3 npononena MHp H capamsy JbYAH KOjH ce npanpacanajy pa3JIWIHTHX IIO.1HTH'IKHX rJIc,qHllIT3. OHa nonyurra nocrojan.e p33JIWIHTI1X IIOJIHTWIKHX y6el)C!b3 Mcl)y IheHHM enHCKOrrH~f3, xnapoxr 11 MHpjaHuMa, HCKJhY'Iy'jyhH ona KOj3 C)TBOPCHO BOlle IIocTynIJ;IfM3 KOju npornnjpcse rrpaBOC.TIaBHOM BCPOY"C[bY 11 MOpaJIHHM HopMaMa IWKBeHor Ilpenan.a.

Henoryhe je y-retuhe I\PKIlCHUX CTapCIIlHlIa H CBCWTCHOCJIY)KI1TCJI,a, 3 npeva TOMe H I\PKBCIIC IlYHoTe, y AeJI3THOCTIf nOJIHTWIKHX opramnannja, y rrpc,qH360PHI1M npouecaua K30 UITO je j3BHa nonpuixa rrOJIHTWIKlIM opraHH3aI\llj3Ma HJIH rrojenHHHM K3H,qHA3THM3 KOjl1 ysecravjv y InooplIM3, aruT3I\l1ja, HT,q. HHjC nonyurreno IIH HCTHI\3lhC K3HAH,q3Typ3 CBCWTeIlOCJIY)KHTCJh3 na H360PHM3 33 6HJIO KaKBC oprane npencraanauxe BJIaCTH na CBI1M HHBOHMa. I1CToBpeMeHo, HHIIIT3 He 6H Tpc63JIO 1~3 cnpe-rasa jepapxe. CBCllITCHOCJIY)KHTeJhe H MHpjaHe na, y"OPCJ\O C ApyrHM rpahauava, Y'IeCTByjy y H3PO,qHOM 113p3)KaB31bY BOJbe rrYTCM rriacarsa. Y acropnja IJ,pKBe HaHJIa3HMO na anaxajan 6poj npavepa OIllIITCI~pKBeHe nOApWKC pa3JIHQHTHM nOJIHTWIKllM nOKTpI1Ha\13, rJIe)IHlIITI1Ma, opranaaaunjana H rrOCJICHHIIHMa. Y HHsy TaKBHX CJIY'IajeBa, TaKBa nonpmxa 6HJIa je rrOBC3aHa ca HY)KIIOillhy na ce OJ\6paHC nacyuma HHTepeCH IJ,pKBe y Kpajlhl1M YC.TIOBHMa 3HTHpCJIHl'I103HHX nporona, pYllIHJIa'IKHX H cnyrasajyhax nocrynaxa HHOBCPIlC H I1HOCJI3IlHe BJI3CTH. Y npyrm« CJIY'lajeBHM3, CJIH'IHa nonpuixa 6HJI3 je nOCJIeJ.(Hl(a rrpHTHCK3 ,qP)K3BC HJIIi rrOJIHTWIKHX crpyKTypa H 06HQHO je BO,qHJI3 xa nonenaM3 H rrpoTHBypeQHOCTHMa yHyT3p UPKBC H K3 YJ(aJI,3BaH,y jemror' 6poja JI,yflH, aenocrojauax y BCPH, on IJ,pKBe.

Y 20. BeKY, cBeIlITCIIOCJIY)KHTeJbH 11 jepapcn Pycxe rrpaBOCJIaBHC lIPKBC 6HJIH cy 'IJIaHOIlH IICKHX npCACTaBHWIKHX oprana BJIaCTH, noceono D.P)KaBHe nYMe PYCKOl' I\3pCTBa, BpXOIlHor C3BCTa CCCP-3 11 PYCKC <DcllepaIlHjc,

.5. 1. Y canpcveruor I1p)KaBaM3, rpahann nccpencrnou rJIaC31ba Y'ICcrnyjy y rr~oI\ecy ynpaan.an,a. 3Ha'IajaH 6poj rpabana npnnana rrOJIHTH'IKHM rrapT~j3Ma, noxpernna, caBC3HMa, 6JIOKOBHMa H OCTaJII1M CJIWIIIHM opr3HH3aI1Hj3Ma, CTBOPCHHM na OCHOBY pa3JIWIHTHX rrOJIHTWIKI1X noxrpnna 11 rJIe~HIllTa. Texceha A3 )KHBOT I1PYlllTIl3 oprauasyjy C3rJIaCIIO C y6cl)clhl1Ma CBO]llX 'IJIaHOBa, re opraunsauajc xao jenan 0):1 CBOjHX lIIUbCBa nocrasn.ajy J\OCTI13albC, 3al1P)K3Il31bC HJIH PCCPOPMI1C3lhC IlJIaCTH y np)K3BlI. TIPHJIHKOM ocraapanan,a nynonohn, 1I0ol1jeHc HaKOH I1CK3311Balba BOJl,C rpahana na 113- 60p11Ma, nOJIHTlI'IKe opramnaunje Mory ua Y'IeCTByjy y IICJIaTIIOCTI1Ma crpvxrypa 33KOlI0l13BHC H H3BpllIIIC BJIaCTH.

Y I1P~lIlTBY nocroje pa3JII1tIHT3 IIOJII1TWIK3 y6cl)elha xoja 'leCTO rrpoTHBype'Ic ]CnH3 !IPYI'I1Ma. I1CTO TaKO, pa3JIWII1TU I1IlTepCCH Y3POKyjy IIOJIHTH'IKy 6op6y KO]a ce BO,qH K3KO 3aKOlII1THM H onpannamnr MCTo,qI1Ma, TaKO H MeTo,qHM3 KOjl1 nporanypeue HopMaM3 I1p)K3BIlOr npasa, xpaurhancxor H npnponnor MOpaJIa.

. 5. 2. TIPCM~ 3anOBCCTI1 bO)KHjOj, IJ,pKBa I1Ma 3311aTaK ):13 lICnOJI,H 6pl1ry

o ]CJ\HIlCTBY CBO]I1X 'IeA3, 0 MHpy H car.TIaCHOCTI1 y 3ajC/.IIIHI(I1, 0 YBol)ClhY CBHX

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HlBa MeCHIiX casera II 3aKOHOAaBHIIX cxyrrnrnma. Y HCKIIM CJlY'IajeBIiMa je y-reurhe CBCUITellllKa Y ACJIaTHOCTIi opran a BJIaCTIi /~OIlOCIIJIO KOPIICT lJ,PKBIi II APYlliTBY. MCI)YTIIM, 'ICCTO ce /~OI'al)aJIO II na CJIH'IHO y-renrhe CTBOPII necyrnacnue II rronene. To ce nocefino norahano OH/~a, Kan ce norryurrano -rnanCTBO caeurreaocnyzorrerr.a caxo Y OApel)eHIIM napaaacnrapmor cjJpaK~lIjaMa, a 'raxohe II onna KaA cy KJIIIPII~II 6C3 npxsenor 6JIarOCJIOBa IICTII~arrll csoje KaHAII/l.aTYpc sa 11360pHe /l.Y)KlIOCTIi. Y IleJIIIHII rrOCMaTpaHO, npaxca Y'IeCTBOBalba cseurrcnocnyxarren,a Y /l.eJIaTHOCTIi oprana nnacra noxasana je na cy TaKBIi nocrynnn rrpaKTWIHO HeMOI'yhll 6C3 npaxsaran.a na ce6e onrOBOpHOCTI1 aa nonouren,e 0AJ1YKa xoje ynonon.anajy I1HTepeCUMa jennor II npcrnnypese I1HTepCCUMa npyror AeJ1a CTaHOBHUIIITBa. To 036I1JbHO KOMnnnxyje nacrnpcxv 11 MI1CUOHapcKY AenaTHOCT cBelliTCHOCJ1Y)KUTeJba, KOjU je, npeua pe'lUMa arrOCTOJ1a TIaBJ1a, npasaau na C6UAW 6yge C6e, oa KaKO 20g uexe ciiace (1. Kop. 9; 22). Hcrospeneno, ncropnja je noxasana cnenehe:

O/l.J1YKa 0 ysecrsoaan.y UJ1U ney-recrnonan.v cBeIllTeHOCJlY)KI1TeJba Y rrOJ1I1- TWIKOj /l.eJ1aTHOCTI1 6uJ1a je npnxnarana 11 Mopa na 6YAe npaxsaraaa nonaseha on norpeoa CBaKe KOHKpeTHe enoxe, Y311Majyhu y 063Up ynyrpaum.e cran-e upxsenor OpraHI13Ma U n.eros nonoxcaj Y /l.p)KaBI1. MeI)YTuM, ca xaHOHCKe Ta'IKe rJ1enI1IlITa, rnrrarse 0 TOMe na J1U 6u cBeUJTeHOCJ1Y)KUTeJb, KOja 3aY3uMa np)KaBHU nonoxaj, rpeoano na pana na nporpecaonannoj OCHOBll, He/l,BOCMIICJ1eHO ce paapemasa 0APWlHo.

Ha nan 8. oxroopa 1919. ertncxon TIIXOH 06paTI10 ce cBelllTeHCTBY PyCKe QPKBe C rrOCJ1aHI1QoM y KOjOj je rr0311Bao KJ1l1pUKe na ce He ynnnhy y rrOJIUTU'IKY 60p6y. Iloceono je YKa311Bao ua TO na cy CJ1Y)!(J1TCJhU Ilpxse "no CBOM 'lIIHy nY)KHI1 na croje U3ua/l. U U3BaH CBUX rrOJ1UTU'IKI1X mrrepeca, na cy /l.y)KHI1 na uMajy na yMy KaHOHCKa npasana CBeTC Ilpxse KojuMa OHa saopau.yje CBOjl1M CJ1Y)!(J1TeJbUMa na ce MeUIajy y IIOJ1UTWIKU )!(J1BOT 3eMJhe, Aa rrpl1rra/l.ajy 6UJ10 KaKBUM nOJ1UTWIKUM naprujava, a YTOJ1UKO rrpe ua 6orocJ1Y)K6eHe 06- pene U caenrrenonejcrna Y'IHHe opybeu IIOJ1HTWIKI1X /l.eMoHcTpa~l1ja."

Y rrpensevepje H360pa sa Hap0/l.Hc rrOCJlaHHKC ccep-a CBeTH CHHOA je 27. nc~eM6pa OAJ1Y'IHO na "6narOCJIOBH ACJ1aTIIOCT rrpeACTaBHI1Ka HaIIIe Ilpxse, y cny-rajy IhHXOBor xaananosaa,a H 11360pa aa Hap0/l.HC rrOCJIaHHKC, 113pa)KaBajyhll npn TOM HaIUY YBepeHOCT na he OHa rrOCJ1Y)KUTIi na notipo sepyjyhax II 'IHTaBe Hallie aevn,e." OCUM u360pa sa naponae nOCJ1aHI1Ke CCCP-a, HU3 apxnjepeja II xnnpaxa sayaeo je nOCJ1aHWIKa MeCTa y peny- 6J1I1'IKIIM, per110HaJ1HUM II J10KaJ1HUM (MCCHUM) canerioaa. HOBU YCJ10BU noJ1I1TWIKOr )KUBOTa nOACTaKJIH cy Apxajepejcxa cafiop PYCKe npanocnanne QPKBe na y OKT06py 1989. nOKJ10HU BeJ1I1KY rra)KlhY paavarpan.y ABa IIIITan.a: "Kao npno, KOJ1UKO AaJ1eKO Llpxsa MO)Ke na uAe nYTcM npaxsaraisa OA-

roBOPHOCTU aa rrOJ1UTWIKe OAJ1yKe, a na npa TOM HC AOBOAI1 Y cyan-y CBO] nacrapcxn aYTopUTeT? Kao npyro, na JIU je nonyurreuo na cc Llpxsa OApeKHe yvecraonan,a Y AOHOlllelbY 3aKOHa U on MoryhHocTU na U3BpllIH MOpaJ1HU YTUQaj na 1l0J1UTWIKU npouec, xana O/l. nonourcn,a TUX 0AJ1YKa 3aBUCli cY/l.6una 3eMJhe?" Kao pC3YJITaT, Apxajepejcxn cafiop je npnXBanlO na ce OAJ1YKa Cseror cHlIOAa OA 27. /l.eQeM6pa 1988. r. O/l.HOCI1 cavo na MIIHyJ1C H360pe. 3a 6YAyhHocT je npaxnabcno npasaao Y carnacnocra C KOjUM 0 rurran.y CBPXOBIITOCTU y-recrsoaau.a npencrasnaxa CBeUITeHCTBa Y 1136oPHOj KaMnalbU Y CBaKOM KOHKpeTHoM CJ1Y'Iajy Mopajy npeTXO/l.HO pacnpaan.ara upxnene BJ1aCTII (CBeTH CIIHO/l. - Y cny-tajy eIIIICKona, Ha/l.J1e)KHU apxnjepej - y cnyxajy nonpebeuor KJ1l1pa).

HeKIi rrpe/l.CTaBIII1I~1I CBeIlITeHCTBa cy, U 6C3 norpeouor 6J1arOCJ10Ba, Y'IecTBOBaJII1 Y 11360puMa. CBeTIi CI1HOA je 20. MapTa 1990. ca )KaJbelbeM 113- janao na "PYCKa npaBOCJIaBlIa upxna cxana ca ce6e MOpaJIIIY II penaraoany onrosopnocr sa Y'IeCTBOBalbe TIIX .'1l1Qa y fI360PHIiM opramera BJIaCTII". 113 pasnora IIKOHOMl1je, CIIHO/l. ce Y3np)Kao na Ha uapvumone /l.lIC~lIrrJInHe npnMeHU onroaapajyhe canxnzje, "xoucraryjvha na TaKBO nonaman.e rpefia na 6yne npenyurreno H>IlXOBOj canecrn". Ha nan 8. oKT06pa 1993. a nOBO/l.OM craapaisa nporpecaonannor napnauenra y PYCHjll, na npoumpeaoj CC/lHUQII Cseror CIIHO/l.a nUHCTa je OnJIYKa na cc CBelliTeHOCJIY)KIITeJbIlMa npenopysa ysnpacasan.e on yxeutha Y PYCKIIM napnaaen'rapmm 11360pliMa Y CBOjCTBY xaananara 11 rrOCJ1aHIIKa. Onrosapajyhoa CIiHO/l.aJ1HOM OnJ1YKOM YCTaHOBJbeHO je na he cBelllTeHOCJ1Y)KI1TeJhH xojn je npexpure 611TH nonspnryra namaBalbY '1I1Ha. Apxujepejcxa cafiop Pycxe npaBOCJIaBHe upxse je 1994. O/l.O- 6pll0 nary O/l.J1YKY Cseror CIIHO/l.a xao "npasonpeaeay II Mynpy" U npOIlIIIPl10 jc na "6Y/l.yhe Y'ICCTBOBalbe CBCIIITCHOCJIY)KIITeJba PYCKe npaBOCJ1aBHe QPKBe Y 11360pliMa aa CBe oprane npeACTaBHWIKe BJ1aCTI1 Y 3eMJbaMa Casesa HC3aBI1CHI1X D,p)KaBa II naJITI1Ka, KaKO na OIIlllTe/l.p)KaBHOM, TaKO II na J10- KaJ1HOM HIIBOY".

Taj UCTII Apxajepejcxn caoop je, 6YAyhn nepan CBeTHM KaHOHUMa II onrosapajyhn na 113a30Be caspeuene peaJ1HOCTll, YCTaHOBIiO HII3 BeOMa sa)KHIIX npasana xoja ce TWIY paanarpane TeMe. TaKO ce Y jennoj on O/l.J1YKa Catiopa xaxe: "TIoTBpnIlTIi HeMOI'yhHoCT na IWKBeHa TIYHOTa nOnp)K1I 6HJ10 xojy on nOJIIiTWIKIIX naprnja, noxpera, 6JIOKOBa, casesa 11 TOMe CJJI1'IHIIX opranusauaja, a raxohe II lbliXOBUX 1l0jC/l.IIHIIX rrOCJIeHIIKa, npesacxonno '1'0- KOM npenasoopae xaunaise ... Taxohe cc xpajn.e HerrO)KeJhHI1M csrarpa II '1JIaHCTBO CBeIllTeHOCJ1Y)KUTeJba y rrOJ1I1TWIKIIM naprajasra, rrOKpeTIIMa, caBe311Ma, 6J10KOBI1Ma U lbl1Ma CJ1I1'1HIIM opranasanajana, a npenacxonao OHIIX xoja BO/l.C npc/l.1I36oPHY 60p6y."

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Apxajepcjcxu cariop KOjH ce cacrao 1997. paasao jc Ha~IeJIa ysajaaunx onnoca UpKBe H nOJIHTWIKHX opranmanaja. TOM npHJIHKOM je H noonrrpno jenny on 0AJIYKa nperxoznror Ca6opa, xoja naje 6JIarOCJIOBHO na CBCUlTeHOCJIY)KHTCJbH 6YJW ~lJlaHOBH rrOJIHTWIKHX opraaaaaunja. Y OAJIYI~H Cafiopa "0 Y3ajaMHHM OAHocHMa ca AP)KaBOM H CBeTOBHHM npyurrson" nocerino CC Ka)Ke: "TI03ApaBJba ce unjanor H KOIiTaKT UpKBe ca IIOJlHTWIKHM oprannsa~HjaMa Y OHOM cnysajy xana CJIH~IHH KOIITaKTH HeMajy xapaxrep IIOJIHTWIKe nonpmxe. Cvarpa ce na je capann.a C TaKBHM opraaasauajaua nonyurrena Kag HMa ~HJbCBC KOjH cy KOPHCHH sa UpKBY H napon, IIpH ~IeMY ce TaKBa caparm,a IIC MO)KC mrrepnpcraparn xao IlOJIHTWIKa nonpinxa .... CMaTpa CC HCgOIIYCTIIBHM yxeurhe apxajepeja II cBcllITeHOCJIY)KHTCJba Y 6HJIO xaxaoj npenastiopnoj araranajn, xao H fuIIXOBO ~lJlaHCTBO Y rrOJIHTH'IKilM opraaaaaunjaaa 'lHjH rrpaBHJIHHl(H npensahajy acrnuan,e CBOjHX xannanara na H3- 60pHe AP)KaBHe IlOJIO)Kajc CBHX IIHBoa."

HCY1JCCTBOBalhc U:PKBCHC nYIIOTC Y 1I0JlHTH1JKOj 6op6H, Y !l.CJlaTHOCTH nOJlHTH1JKHX naprnja H Y npC).I,H360PHHM npouecaua, HC 3I1a1JH IhCHO O).l,PHu:alhc o!l. jannor H3pa)J{aB3Iba CTaBa 0 nHT3IbHMa xoja cy O!l. OIlIlITcr 3I1a1Jaja sa !l.PYIIITBO, O!l. H3HOIlIClba TOr CTaBa npen oprauc BJiaCTH 6HJlO KOjC 3CMJhC H 6HJlO xor HHBoa. TaKaB CTaB H3pa)J{aBajy HCKJhY1JUBO U:PKBCUH Ca60pH, U:PKBCHC crapeurnne U J1Hu:a xoja cy OIlH onyuoMoliuJiu. Y CBaKOM cnyxajy, npaBo na IhcrOBO napaacanan,e HC MO)J{C 6HTH npenynrreno !l.p)J{aBuHM ycraHOBaMa, UOJlHTH1JKUM HJlH HCKUM !l.pyruM CBCTOBHHM opramrsauajaua,

5. 3. HHIIITa IIC CnpC1JaBa npaBOCJlaBHC MHpjaHc !l.a y1JCCTByjy y nenarHOCTH opralla 3aKOHO!l.aBHC, H3BpIUIIC H CY).l,CKC BJIaCTH, HHTH ).I,a y1JCCTByjy y pa).l,y nOJlHTH1JKHX opranusauuja. Illraauure, TaKBO Y'IccTBoBafuc, YKOJIHKO ce nsnpiuaaa Y cxnauy C ~PKBCIIHM sepoyaen.e«, IhCHHM MOpaJIHHM nopnaMa H IhCHHM 3BaHWIHHM cranov y ogHOCY na onnrrenpacanna rnrran,a, npenCTaBJba jenan on 06JIHKa MHcHje UpKBe y gPYIllTBy. MHpjaIIH Mory H II03BaIIH cy na, acnyn.anajyha csoje rpabaacxe gY)J{HOCTH, yuecrnyjy y npouecava KojII cy Be3aHII aa H360p BJIaCTII aa CBHM HHBOHMa, xao H na yuecrsyjy y CBHM, MOpaJIHO onpasnamoa nonyxsaraaa npzcase.

Hcropnja npaBOCJlaBHC U:pKBC Ca1JYBaJia je MIIOIlITBO npHMcpa najaxrnnnajer Y1JCCTBOBalha MHpjaHa y ynpaan.an.y !l.p)J{aBoM, y !l.CJlaTHOCTH noJ1HTH1JKHX H !l.pyrHx rpahancxnx opranaaauaja, TaKBo ynccraoaan,e ce OABHjaJlO Y YCJloBHMa pa3JIH'lHTHX CHCTCMa npacasnor ypehen,a: caaonpxcann.a, YCTaBHc MOHapxHjc, pasuax 06JIHKa penytinaxc. Yxetuhc IIpaBOCJIaBHHX MHPjaua y rpabancxav H rrOJIHTWIKHM npouecmra 6HJlO jc OTe)KaHO cavo Y ycnoBHMa unoaepne BJIaCTH HJIH pe)!(HMa KojII je nonpxasao rrOJIHTHKY IIp)KaBHOI' aTeII3Ma.

Y1JCCTByjylill Y ynpann.au.y ).I,p)J{aBOM II y I10JII1TH1JKIIM npoU:CCI1Ma, npaBOCJIaBHI1 Xpl1I1IliaIlIIH jc I103BalI na CBOjy ).I,C.rIaTHOCT sacuyje na nopMaMa CBaIl~CJlCKOr Mopa.rla, na jC;I,IIHCTBY npaBC).I,HOCTIl II MIlJlOCp~a (B. nco 84; 11), aa 6pIl3Il 0 ).I,YXOBIIOM II MaTcp"jaJIIIOM ).I,06py n,YII.Il, na Jby6aBIl npcMa orau- 6IlHIl II ua TC)J{IhIl na ce OKOJIHIf CBCT npcoopasa carnacno PC1J1f XP"CTOBOj.

I1cTClHpcMeHo, xpmnhanna, xojn jc IIOJlI1TWlap HJlH JlP)KaBHHK, Mopa 6HTH rrOTIIYHO CBCCTalI na Y YCJIOBilMa IICTOPHjCKC pCaJIHOCTH, a YTOJIIIKO rrpe y YCJIO~IIMa canaum.cr, 1I0JlCJbCHOr 11 IIP()TIIBypC~JJIOr JlPYIIITBa, nehnna AOHCTHX 0JlJlYKa H npCAY3CTl1X nOJIIITWIKIIX IIoCTYIIaKa gOHOCH KOPHCT .1CJIHOM HeJlY ApYIJITBa AOK HCTOBPCMCHO orpann-rana IIJIH nonpehyje )KCJI,e II mrrepcce npyror. Mnore 0).1, ~OUCTIlX O~JlyKa 11 npnxaahcnax nocrynaxa uy)KIlO cy nOBC3aHIf ca rpCXOM HJHI ca nonycrn.naoruhy npCMa rpcxy. Ynpaso 360r rora CC 0).1, npaBOCJlaBHOr nOJHITIl1Japa 1l,111 npscannor nOCJlClIIlKa saxTCBa xpaju,a nyxonna II MOpaJiHa OCCTJhI1BOCT.

Xpuurhauun KOjIl pa!l.H Y 06J1ac1'I1 crnapaa,a ).I,p)J{aBuor H,ll1 nO.TUITlI1JKOr )J{I1BOTa nosnau je na 3aJl06Hje Aap nOCC6HOI' noxprsoaaa.a II Oc06HTor caxioonpauan-a. lbeMY je y rrOTnYHOCTil neonxonno na 6gII HaA CBOjilM AYXOBHHM cran.exi, KaKO IIC 611 ).I,03BOJIlf0 ).I,a CJIY)J{clhc !l.P)J{aBIIoj HJIU nOJlI1TIl1JKoj ncnarHOCTII nocraue caMO cc611 U:IfJb, xojn norxpan.yje rOp!l.OCT, noxneny II OCTaJIC nopoxe, Tperiano 611 H~JaTil na yMY na OllJlO uauanciiiea unu enaciuu, c~e je lbuue 1I 3a Hseia casoano ... 1I CBe y Hseu» ctuoiu (KoJI. L 16-17). 06pahaJYhII ce BJIaCTOAplllI~HMa, CBCTH Fparopnje FlorOCJIOB je nncao: "TI1 ca XPHCTOM BJIaAam H ca XPIICfOM ynpaan.aur: OJI Hsera CII 'I'll A06HO Ma~l." CBCTII Jonau 3J1aToycfH xaxe: "YHCfHHY je uap ouaj, KOjll n06el)yje mea, 3aBHCT 11 CJIaAOcrpaurhe. xoja CBC IIOT'Jl1Jballa 3aKOllIIMil J)O)KIIjHM, ~IyBa CBOj yM CJI060AIIHM iI He nonyurra Jla IbcrOBOM AYIIIOM onnana CTpaCT npcsia 3a/\OBOJbCTIlHMa. :>Kc::ICO 6HX Jla BH)\HM na TaKaB ~IOBeK nnana Hall, napOA11Ma, H 3CMJbOM II MopeM, 11 rpanonmaa H noxpajnnaua, H sojcxaaa. HaHMe, onaj KOjH je nyuresae CTpaCfH nOT~IHHilO pa3YMY JlaKO 6II yttpann.ao H JI,YAilMa y carnacnocra C bO)!(HjHM 3aKOHHMa ... Oaaj nax, xoja npIIBIIJlHO nnana nan ThYAIIMa a pooyje !'HCIlY, CJIaBOJby6J1,y H HaCJIaAaMa ... nehe 3JIaTH na ce H360pl1 ca nnamhy."

5. 4. Yueurhc npaBOCJIaBIIHX MHpjaHa y JleJIaTHOCTH opran a snacra II y IlOJIIITWIKIIM rtponecioaa MO)KC CC onsujaru KaKO IIIIJlIIBilAyamlo TaKO H Y OKBHpHMa IIoce6HHX xpHlIIhaHCKIIX (npasocnannux) IlOJlHTII'lKHX opranaaaunja IlJIH xpHlIIhanCKHX (npaBOCJIaBHIIX) CaCTaIlHI1X JleJIOBa xpyrmnjax nOJIIITWIKIIX casesa. Y o6a crry-raja, '1eJla UPKBC I1Majy npano na CJl060AY II360pa II nspazcasan.a CBOjIIX nOJIl11WIKHX y6el)cfua, ua AOHOLlIClhC OJlJIYKa II ocrsapnnan,e OJlpehene ACJIaTHOCTil. IICTOBpcMCHO, MIlpjaHII Kojn y1JCCTByjy y ).I,p)J{aBlloj IlJln nOJlIlTIl1JKoj ).I,CJ1aTIIOCTIl - IfH).I,IlBII).I,yaJllIO Il.1Il y OKBIlp"Ma pa3JHt'lllTI1X opra-

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HU3all,uja - lJHHe TO CaMOCTaJIIIO H lie noncroaehyjyhn CBOjy nOJIHTHlJKY )J,eJIaTIIOCT ca CTaBOM II,pKBeHe UYHOTe UJIH HCKHX KallOHCKHX II,pKBeHHX YCTaHOsa, HHTU acrynajyha y IhHXOBO UMC. UPH TOM Burna II,pKBeHa BJIaCT HC naje uocefiaa 6JIarOCJlOB sa nOJIUTUlJKY )J,eJIaTIIOCT MHpjaHa.

Apxnjepejcxa cafiop PYCKC rrpaBOCJ1aBHC l\pKBC je 1994. OAJ1y~IHo na cMaTpa nonynrrenax "qJ1aHCTBO MllpjaHa y rrOJ1IITWIKI1M oprauasauajaaa II l'bllXOBO crnapan,e TaKBIIX opranasauaja KOjC CC, Y cny-rajy Aa ce Ha30BY XPI1- mhaHcKIIM IIJIII npasocnasaa«, nosnnajy na 6nll>KY capamsy ca l\PKBCHIIM BnaCTI1Ma. Hero TaKO ce MoryhlIM cMaTpa H yuecraoaan,e CBCIIITcHocnY>KHTCJha, a CaMI1M TllM II OHllX xoja npencrasn.ajy KaHOHCKC l\PKBCHC CTpyKType H l\PKBCHO cTapcIIIHHcTBO, y rrojcAHHIIM McpaMa rrOJ1HTlIqKllX opranasairaja, a raxobe a npxsena capann.a ca l'bIIMa y OHIIM ACJ1HMa xoja cy KOp"CHa sa U:PKBY H ApyIIITBO, Y CJ1Y~Iajy na TaKBO yrecraoaaa,e II capann.a HCMajy xapaxrep nonpuixe rrOJ1IITlI'IKoj opranasaunja II na cnyxce crsapan.y Mllpa II carnaCHOCTII y napony II l\PKBCHOj CpCAI1Hll."

Y onroaapajyhoj OAJlyI~1I Apxnjepejcxor caoopa II3 1997. r. nocetino ce Ka>KC cnenehe: "Csrarpa ce MoryhlIM yuecrnoaan.e MlIpjaHa y ACJ1aTlIOCTII noJ1IITII~IKlIX opranmaunja II l'bIIXOBO crsapan,e TaKBIIX opranasauaja y cnysajy na OHC y CBOj cacran HC yxn.yxyjy CBCIIITCHOCJ1Y)J(lITCJhC 11 na BOAC OArOBopHC KOHCYJ1Tal\IIjc C l\PKBCHIIM napCIIIIIHaMa. Onnysyje ce na CJ1HQHC opranasanaje, 6YAyhH na Y1ICCTByjy y nOnlITlIQKOM nponecy, HC Mory I1MaTH 6J1arOCJ10B upxsenor C'TapClIIHHCTBa 11 na HC Mory ga ncrynajy y IIMC U:PKBC. OHC He Mory na A06IIjy l\PKBCHII 6narOCJ10B, a y cnynajy na ra IIMajy, nmnaaajy ra CC OHC l\PKBCHO-gpYlII1'BCHC opraaaaaunje KOjC BOAC npCAH360pHy anrranajy, KOjC cy ynnerene y rrOJIllTII'IKY 60p6y il CBOjC MlllIIJhCl'bC npencrasn.ajy xao MHIIIJhCl'bC U:PKBC, a KOjC npen Ap>KaBOM II gpYlIITBOM aspaxaaajy l\PKBCHI1 Ca- 60PH, csjarjejum narpajapx H CBCTI1 CIIIIOA. l1cTO CC OAHOCI1 H na I~pKBcHa II l\PKBCHO-APYlIITBCHa cpCACTBa MaCOBHor IIHcpopMIICal'ba."

Ilocrojan,e xpamhancsux (npaBOCJlaBHUX) nOJIHTUlJKUX YII,pYlKelha, a raxohe H xpuIIIl1aHcKHx (npaBOCJlaBHHX) caCTaBHHX lI,eJIOBa noje)J,HIIHX I1IHpHX nOJIHTH1JKHX casesa, UpKBa nOCMaTpa xao 1I03HTHBHY nojany xoja noMalKe MHpjaHHMa lI,a npenecy H OCTBape nOJIHTHlJKY H II,plKaBIlY lI,eJIaTIIOCT 3aCHOBaHY na xpHml1aHcKHM II,YXOBHO-MOpaJIlIHM lIalJeJIHMa. EYII,yI1H CJIO- 60ll,Ha Y CBOjOj lI,eJIaTIIOCTH, nossenyra YII,PYlKelha ce HCTOBpeMellO noaunajy na caneronan,e C II,pKBellHM CTapeIlIUHCTBOM H na KOOpII,Hllall,Hjy nejcrasa Y 06JIaCTU ocraapasan.a rJIell,HIIITa UpKBe 0 II,PYIIITBellHM nHTaIhHMa.

Y capamsa II,pKBeHe UYIIOTe C xpamhancxaa (npaBOCJIaBIIHM) nOJIHTHlJKHM yII,PYlKelhHMa Y 1JHjOj lI,eJIaTIIOCTH Y1JCCTByjy npaBOCJlaBHU MHpjaHH, a raxohe H ca npaBOCJIaBIIHM nOJIHTHlJapHMa H II,plKaBHHM nOCJleHUII,HMa, MO-

ry HaCTaTH caryaunje xana CC asjaae UJIH nocrynun TUX YII,pYlKelha CYIlITHHCKH pa3HJla3e C omureupxeenaa CTaBOM npeaa II,PymTBcHHM nHTalhHMa HJIH nax ouerajy peanasaunjy TaKBO), CTaBa. Y CJlH1JHHM CJIYlJajeBHMa, II,pKBeHO CTapemHHCTBO yTBp~yje 1JHlheHHlI,y pa3MHMOHJIaIKelha CTaBOBa H TO jasno oojaBJbyje, )J.a OH CC H30cma nOMeTlha H nell,oyMHlI,a Mcljy Bepyjyl1HMa H I1IHPOKHM II,pYIlITBeHHM CJIojeBHMa. KOHCTaTOBal'bC raxnor pa3MIIMOilna>KCl'ba rperiano 6ll Aa 1I0ACTaKHC rrpaBOCJ1aBHOr Ml1pjaHllHa, xoja YQCCTByjc y nonaTlI'IKOj AcnaTHoCTI1, na CC 3aMI1Cnl1 Hag CBPXOBI1TOlIIhy n.erosor narser ~lJIaHCTBa y onrosapajyhess nOnl11'11'IKOM YAPY>KCl'bY.

He 611 rpeoano Aa YAPY>KClba npaBOCnaBHI1X xpnurhana I1Majy xapaxrep rajanx ApYIIITaBa, xoja npCTITOCTaBJbajy I1CKJhYl.II1BY nOKopHoCT CBOjilM nanep"Ma 11 CBCCHO onpauan,e Oil, paaorxpaaaisa CyWTI1HC AcnaTHOCTI1 TaKBC opraaasauaje TOKOM xoncynraunja ca l\PKBCHUM crapemanava, ITa '1aK il na I1CnOBCC'TI1. U:pKBa HC MO>KC na OA06pl1 ysemhe npaBOCnaBHI1X Ml1pjaHa, a yTOJII1KO npe HI1 ysemhe CBCIUTcIIocnY)J(lITCJha. y HcnpaBOCnaBHI1M APywTBI1Ma TaKBC BpCTC, 6YAyhil na OHa no caMOM CBOM xapaxrepy onsajajy QOBCKa OA l\CnOBI1TC npenanocra U:PKBI1 nO)J(lIjoj 11 IbCHOM KaHOHCKOM ycrpojcrsy.

6. PA,1l; H lbEfOBH TIJIO,1l;OBH

6. 1. Pan jc opraHCKI1 cnCMCHT JbygcKor )J(lIBOTa. Y Kl'b11311 Ilocrau.a Ka>KC cc ga lie tieiue tLOBeKa ga paou 3eMJbY (1. Mojc. 2; 5). CTBOPI1BWil pajCKI1 BpT, nor jc y l'bCMY HaCTaHI10 QOBCKa oa ia paau u ga ia ltyBa (1. Mojc. 2; 15). Pall, je CTBapaJ1a~IKO OTKp"Bal'bC ~IOBCKa KOjCM je 3601' npB06ilTHC 601'0- nOA06HoCTI1 Aa1'O Aa 6ygc capaAHIIK il carpymmx Focnonn,n. McljYTIIM, naKOB ~IOBCKOBor ornanau,a Oil, Tsopua ll3MCHllO ce II KapaKTcp pana: Ca 31i0- jeM AUlLa ceojeia ieiuheiu xnet), gOKAe ce He epaiiiuiu Y 3eMJbY og «oie Cll Y3eIU; jep CLI iipax II y iipax hew ce epoiiiuiiiu (1. Mojc. 3; 19). OCJ1a6IInO je crsapanaWTBO, xoje QIIHH caCTaBHI1 neo pana; pall, je sa nanor QOBCKa npesacxonao nOCTaO HaQIIH na ce nonorue cpencrana sa >KHBOT.

6.2. Pe-t Eoxaja He cauo na naxn.y JhYAII ofipaha na HconxOAHOCT CBaKOAHCBHor pana, nero My nocraarsa H OAPCljCHI1 pHTaM: Ceiiai ce oana og oquopa oa ia ceeuitcyjeiu. tueau oana paou 1I cepuiyi CBe ClOCAoBe ceoie; a ceauu qan je ocuop Tociiooy Boiy iueoieu»; iuaoa ueuo] pacuiuu nuieonoia iiocna, nu iuu, uu cun lUBOj, uu «tiu iiieoja; nu cAyza iI1BOj, uu cnyuucun.a iueoia, uu »cueunse tueoie, uu ciupauaii «oiu je Me!)y epaiuuua iueoiuu (2. Mojc. 10; 8-10). TOM aanosemhy Tsopua nponec 'IoBe1mjcr pana AOBOAII ce y BC3Y C 60>KaHCTBeHHM crnapanaurraosr, xoje je nOCTaBHJ10 no-rerax CTBapatsy CBeTa. HaHMC, 3anOBCCT 0 npaanoaan.y urecror nana ("cy601'OBal'by") aacnasa CC na TOMC IIITO je 1301' npanaxov crnapan.a CBcTa 6AazocAoBUO

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ceouu can, II uoceeiuuo ia, jep je y iua] can oiuiionuuvo og CBIIX oena C eojux «oja yuunu (1. Mojc. 2; 3). TpCOaJIO 6111\a raj AaH 6YAe nocschca [OCI10AY, KaKO CBaKOAHCBHC fipnre He OH 'IOBCKa OABpaTHJIC 01\ Tsopna. Ynopeno C THM, J\CJIOTBOpHO acrron.anan,e MHJIOcpl)a H HeCCOWIHa lIOMOh 6JII1)1(IbHMa HC npencrann.ajv xpmcn,c 3arrOBCCTI1: Cy60lua ie pagll 'IOBeKa a He «oee« paou cytioiiu: (B. MT. 2; 27). OA anOCTOJICKHX BpeMcHa, Y xpaurbancxov rrpeAaIbY je ):IaH, KOjU jc CJI060naH OA paAa, nocno IIpBH AaH CCnMHl\C nan BacKpcclha XPHcToBor, OAHOCHO HCACJba.

6. 3. Y caapurasatse opyha H MCTOlI:a pana, rserona nporpecaonanna nonena H npenasas 011: IbcroBIiX jCII:HocTaBIIlIjHx OOJlHKa xa CJlOlKclIlIjllM nOT- 1I0MOfJIli cy nOOOJhlllalbY MaTcpHjaJIIlllx YCJIOBa '10BCKOBor IKIIBOTa. Mc~yTIIM, saaapanan,e IJ,lIBlIJlH3alJ,HjcKliM 1I:0CTlIfIIyliHMa YlI:aJhyjc JhYlI:c 011: TBOPua H BOII:H xa npliBlIlI:HOM TPHjyM$y pasysra Kojll nacrojn na 3CMaJhCKli 1K1IBOT ypCII:H OC3 Bora. Ocrnapanan,e cmrsnnx TCIKlbli CC TOKOM IICTOPHjC '10- aesancraa YBCK TparH'IHO OKOH'IallaJIO.

Y CBeTOM ITUCMY je peneno I\a cy npBl1 yCTpOjHTCJbH 3CMaJbCKC I(HBHnasauaje 011J1I1 KalUIOIm CHIIOBH: Jlavex I1lbC1'0l311 CI1HOBH H3YMCJIH cy H CTBOpHJIH npsa opyha on Gaxpa H [80)l(l)a, rrOKpCTHC uiarope H pa3JIWIHTC My- 3WIKe HHCTpYMeHTe. DHn cy 6l!JIH pOI\OHa'laJIIIHl\U MIIorHX aanara H YMeTIIOCTH (B. 1. Mojc. 4; 20-22). Ha OIIH, MCI)YTHM, HCTO xao HH I\pyrH JbYI\H, HHCY ycnenn na 1136cnry Ca6JIa3Hll: CBaKo iiieno 1I0KBapU iiyii: C60j na seun.u (1. Mojc. 6; 12). 3601' rora je, npeua BOJbH Tsopua, l\HBUJIll3al\Hjy Kaanosa-

r t n OJ<!:OJPInO TIOTOIL J IajcJIHKOBHTl--fju 6w6JIlljCKH ITpHMCp rtcarcy rr r aj a HaJIOr ~IO-

Be'IaHCT!:lfl ~Il "mmpn ~,Gn nMC" rrpCUCTi.lBJba l13fpaUJiJa BamIJIOIlCKe KYJIC, 'Illja he ancana "noceaarn 1\0 nefia." Fpahen.e KyJIC IIOCTaJIO jc CHMBOJI yjeI\HH,Clha JbynCKHX nanopa na nocrnaan.y Gorortpornanax l\llJbCBa. Tocnon je npexopeo ropnen.nnne: rrOMelIIaBlIIH jesnxe, onevoryhno HM je na pasynejy jel\HH npyre II pacejao llX IlO 'IHTaBoj 3CMJbH.

6.4. Ca xpmuhancxe Ta'lKC fJlCII:HlIlTa, pall: caM 110 cCOlllIHjC OC3YCJIOBna BPCII:HOCT. 011 nocraje OJlarOCJlOBCH OHlI:a, Kall. cc 1I0KaIKC xao caTpYII:III1- lIlTBO fOCIIOII:Y II Kall. 1I0TIIOMaIKC IICIIYIbCIbY IbcrOBC 3aMHCJlH 0 CUCTY H'I()BCKY. Pan, MCl)yTllM, nnje 6JIarOCJIOBCH YKOJIHKO jc YCMcpeH aa CJIY)l(ClbC erOllCTWIIIHM mrrepccana JIH'IHOCTH HJIH JI>y~\CKC aajemnme, a raxohe H na ynonon.auan,e rpeUIHHX norpcoa nyxa H TCJIa.

CIlCTO "HCMO CIICII:O'lIi 0 II:Ba MOpaJllla IIOIl:CTlIlJ,aja na pan: pall:HTII, lI:a OH qOBCK canora cefie npexpanao H na IIHKora IIC Oll onrepehasao H pall.IITH, na OH cc 1I0MOfJIO OHIIMa, KojHMa jc TO 1I0TpC01I0. Hetca ce iiipyo« qa paau ceoiuu pytcaua OHO IWUO je aotipo oa 611 llM(lO oaeaitiu OHO~~te, ICOMe je 00- iupetino (Ecj:J. 4; 28). TaKaB pan onraja IIYIIlY H YKPCI1JI,yjc 'IOBCKOBO TCJIO,

najyhH xpuurhanany MoryhHocT na CBOjy sepy npojaun y 6oroyrOl\HHM lIeJIHMa MHJ10cpl)a II JI,y6aBll rrpcMa 6JIH)I(lhl1Ma (B. MT. 5; 16 H Jax, 2; 17). Can J\o6po najrre PC'lH arrOCTOJ1a TIaBJIa: AKO HelCO uehe ga pagll uexa 11 He jege (2. COJI. 3: 10).

CB. 01\H 11 Y'II1TCJbI1ll,pKBe nenpecrano cy rrOI\BJIa'mJIH eTI1'IKI1 ana-raj pammx npoucca. Taxo jc KJIHMCHT AJICKCaHIIPHjcKH aaasao pail "IIlKOJIOM ):(pYlIITBeHe npasenaocrn". CBeTH BaCHJIHje BeJIllKH je TBpl\HO na "HHjC naMcpa rr0(0)l(IIOCTH na IIOCJIY)l(H xao aarosop sa JIelhOCT 11 6CKCTBO 01\ pana, Hero noncrnuaj na jour BchH pan IT. CBCTH Josau 3JIaTOYCTllje noausao Aa ce IT 6e36o)l(HHWTBOM HC cnarpa pan Hero 6ecnOCJIW[elhe" . Monaca MHOrHX MaHaCTHpa IIO):(BH3aBaJIll cy ce pailOM. Hsnxosa ):(CJIaTHOCT je rro MIlOI'O '[eMY 6llJIa npnaep sa nonpaacanan.e. Ilopen najnmner IIYXOBIIor ayropirrera, OCHllBa'm BCJIHKHX MOHalIIKHX OOHTCJhH Y)l(llBaJIH cy H CJIaBY apennnx pannaxa. Illnpoxo je II03I!aT ycpnan pan npenonofiuax TeOI\OcHja Ile-repcxor, Ceprcja PaI\OIbeWKOr, Kapana Ejenojeaepcxor, Iocnrpa BOJIOl\KOL HUJ1a Copcxor H I\pyrHx PYCKHX rrOI\BH)I(HHKa.

6.5. Ilpxna OJiarOCHJha CBaKH pa))" KOju jc YllpaB.lbeH xa nofipy JhYII.H.

TIpH TOM ce He naje npennocr najenaoj 01\ JbY):(CKI1X ):(eJIaTHOCTH, YKOJIllKO OHa onrosapa xplllIIBaHCKUM MOpaJIHHM nopnaaa. Y CBOjUM npauava, Haw I'ocrton Hcyc XPHCTOC aenpecrano rrOMl1lhe pa3I1a aatrnxian.a. HHKal\a He 113- nnajajyha HHje):(HO 0)1, fuHX. OH rosopa 0 pany ccja-ra (MK. 4; 3-9), cnyre Ii ynpasaren.a (Jlx, 12; 42-48), rprosua II paoapa (MT. 13; 45--48), I\OMarm.Ha II IIOCJICHHKa y BHlIOrpap;y (MT. 20; 1-16). MeI)YTHM, caapeveno ):(06a YCJIOBHJIO je pa3Boj lHlTaBe HHJ{ycTpIfje, crreunjanao ycsrepene xa rrporraranna IIOpoxa U rpexa, na aanoson.anarse noryonax crpacrn II HaBHKa, xao lIITO cy nnjancrso, napxouaaaja, 6JIY):( H npen.yoa. UpKBa CBe):(O'IH 0 rpeumocrn y-reCTBOBafua y raxsoj ):(eJIaTHOCTll, 6y):(yhll na OHa He nsona-ryje cavo pannnxa nero U APYWTBO Y qeJIHHll.

6. 6. PaI\HHl\U HMajy npaso na xopncre IlJ10):(OBe csora pana: Ko caau 611H02pag U He jege 09 poga u.eioea? HIlIl KO 'ly6a ciuaao 1I 09 MlleKa cuuuia He jege? .. Koiu ope, iupetia y uaou ga ope, II «oiu eptue, LIlpe6a qa epiue y uaau ga he itpuuuiuu. ito ceoieuy Hagal-bY (1. Kop. 9; 7, 10). UpKBa y'lli ):(a 0):(6Hjalbe na ce IIJIaTH '1aCTaH pan HHje caxo npecryn nporua 'lOBCKa Hero H rpex npcn Eorov.

CBCTO TIUCMO xaxe: Heuoi yepeauiuu uaiauuuxa, cupOMaXIl II iioiiipe- 6WU02a lI3~wel))' 6pahe ceoie ... itoqa] My uaia« 1-be20B uciuu aa« .. , ga He 6u 3a6UICao ua llie6e tea Focuoay II 611110 611 iiiu ipex (5. Mojc. 24; 24-25). Teuuco OHDMe ... KOjU ce CllyJ/CII 6JlllJ/Cl-blI.11 CBOjUM HU sa WIUO II iinaiiie 3a lupyg I-be- 206 He 9(1je ,wy (Jep. 22; 13).

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121

Y nopeno C TIIM, 3anOBCCT 1i0}KHja HaJIa}KC OHHMa KOjH pane )l,a ce OPHHy 0 JhY)l,HMa KOjH H3 pa3JIHqHTHX paanora HC Mory CaMH na sapane aa }KHBOT - 0 CJra61IMa, 60JIeCHIIMa, AOlUJbal\IIMa (1I36enIlIl\aMa), capo-rana II YAOBIIllaMa - II na ca tblfMa AeJIe nJIOAORe cnor pana, ga 6u iiie 6J1(IZOCJlOBIIO Focitoa Eoz tUBOj Y CBaKOM UOCfl}' PYKy iIiBOjUX (5. Mojc. 24; 19).

Hacrasn.ajyha ua 3eMJblI CJIY}KeJbe Xpacra, KOjlI je Ce6e nOIiCTOBeTIiO ynpaso ca yuecpeheanaa, UpKBa cnarna cryna y 3amTHTY HCMOIIIIHX H CJIaOHx. OHa 300r 'rora 1I03UBa npyurrno ua npaaemy nO)l,CJlY npOH3BO)l,a pana, npn 'rcMY he 60raTII rrOAp)KaBaTII capcnaumora, 3ApaBII Gonecaora, a cnocoona sa paA - npecrapenor. Ll,YXOBIIO 6.1arOCTalhe II caaoo-ryaan,e APYurrsa MoryhlI cy casro y OHOM CJIY'-Iajy aKO ce 06e36el)elhe )KIIBOTa, anpasn,a II MIIHIIMaJIHOr 6JIarOCTalha CBIIX rpabaaa cuarpa 6e3YCJIOBHIIM npaopnreTOM rrplIJIIIKOM pacnonene MaTcplIjaJIHIIX cpCACTaBa.

7. CBOJHHA

UpCMa yqClbY UPKBC, JhY)l,H CBa caoja MaTcpHjaJIHa )l,oopa )l,OoHjajy 0)1, Bora, KOjCM H npnnana HCKJhyqHBO npaso ua IbHXOBO nOCC)I,OBaIbC. CrraCIIren, je MHorO nyra y CBOjlIM npa-rava YKa3IIBao na peJIaTIIBHOCT 'IOBeKOBor npaaa na CBOjIIHY: TO je IIJIII sanorpan, KOjlI jc nar aa xopaurherse (MK. 12; 1-9), IIJIII TaJIaHTII KOjlI cy pacnonersena Mel)y JbYAIIMa (MT. 25; 14-30), IIJIII I1Malbe, xoje je AaTO na npaspesreno ynpaan.an,e (JIK. 16; 1-13). 113pa)KaBajyha lJ,pKBII caojcrseny Mlicao na jc Eor anconyrun BJIaCHIIK caera, CB. BaCIIJIlIje BCJIIIKII nara: "Ka)K1I Mil, WTa je TO YIICTlmy rsoje concrseao? OAaKJIe CII ra Y3CO II /\OHCO Y )K1IB(H?" I'peuran OAHOC npesra CBojIIHII, xoja ce npojasn.yje IIJIlI y satiopaan.an.y IIJIlI y CBeCHOM OA6al\IIBalhY Tor AYXOBHor naxena, paba rrOAeJIY II oryben.e Mel)y n,YAIIMa.

7.2. Marepnjanna )l,oopa HC Mory qOBCKa Y1JHHHTH CpCIIIIHM. Tocnon Hcyc XPUCTOC ynosopasa: LfYBajlTie ce CBaKe ZPG},t3I1BOCtUU, jep flUKO ne xueu og uuoeune ceoje LUtTiO je CYBIllue 60ZaiU (11K. 12: 15). Tpxa aa 6oraTCTBoM norytiao ce onpaxana ua 'IOBeKOBO AYXOBHO cran-e II ~IO)Ke na AOBeAe 1.10 nornyHe nerpanaunje JIlI'IHOCTIi. ArrOCTOJI OaBJIe YKa3yje Aa «oiu xohe ga ce tioiaiiie, yiiaaaj» y IICKYlUel-be u 3aMKY, u y uuoie fl}'()e u iioivtn«: xe.ie. xoie zypajy .fbyge y iipouaciu II uoiutie». Jep je «open ceuiy 3aJW cpe6po"fby6.fbe, Koje.wy HeKLl iipeaaeiuu ce saciupauuiue og eepe II uaeytcotue na ce6e ,wyKe .1{HOZe. A iuu; 0 uoeeue Eoscuiu, tiescu og Iuoza (1. TIIM. 6; 9-11). Y 6eceAII C MJIaAlIheM, r OCHOA je pexao: AKa xoheiu caepiueu oa 6ygelll, uqu iipooai CBe IUtTiO uuaui u iiogaj cupouacuua, U liMa he III 6flazo na netiy, ita xajge 3a MflOM (MT. 19; 21). XPIiCTOC je 3aTliM re pexa paajacnao CBOjlIM Y'ieHIIl\IIMa: Teuuco je tioiaiuo.we yhu y llapciueo He6eCKo ... Jlaiaue je "aJWUflU iipohu Kp03 uineue YLUU ueioJ111 60ZalUOMe yhu y 11,apCtUBO EOJIClije (MT. 19; 23-24). EBaHl)eJIIICTa Mapxo npel\1I3HO xazce na je YJIa3aK y Ilapcrso DO)KlIje TC)KaK yrrpaBo OHIIMa, KOjlI ce He ysnajy y Dora Hero y MaTeplIjaJIHa A06pa: Ouuua KOjU ce ysoajy y tioiaiuCtUBO (MK. 10; 24). Cauo cy OHII, KOjlI ce y3gajy y Tocuoaa «ao iopa Cuon; uehe ce itotconetiaiuu qoeexa (Ilc. 124; 1).

YocTaJIOM, II fioraraui MO)Ke Aa ce cnace, jep IUlUO je JbyglfMa neuoiytu:

Eozy je Mozyne (JIK. 18; 27). Y CBeToM OIICMY ce He MO}Ke naaha na xyben,e 60raTCTBa xao raxaor. 11 Anpaasr II CTap03aBeTHII narpajapcn 6UJIH cy IIMyhHli JbYAII, xao U npasenna JOB, HIiKOAIiM H JOClIcjJ 1I3 Apnaareje. Ilocenyjyhu 3Ha'IajHY IIMOBHHY, nehe carpeunrra onaj IllTO jy KOPIiCTH CarJIaCHO BOJbII bora, Kojen npnnana CBe nocrojehe, HHTIi he carpeurarn onaj IllTO jy KOPIICTH no 3aKoHY n,y6aBII, jep panocr II nyno'ra )!(lfBOTa Hlije Y CTIIl\alhY H noceAOBalhY Hero y napusan.y II )KPTBII. AnOCTOJI OaBJIe rr03IIBa na ce oiiouuu.e.'.10 peuu Tocuooa l1cyca KOjy On peue: Bnaxenuje je oaeaiuu ueio ilPUMalUU (Ilena an. 20; 35). CBeTII Bacnnuje BeJIIIKII cMaTpa na jc JIOrrOB onaj, KOjlI He

7. 1. Ilpnxsaheno jc na ce no.t cBOjuHOM (BJIaCIIHIllTBOM) nonpaayucna npynrrneno npaanara cjJopMa onnoca .1>YAH npena IIJIOAOBIiMa pana II npaponIIIIM pecypcnna. Mehy OCHOBHe nynonoha BJIaCHIiKa o6wIHo ce yKJI>Y'Iyjy rrpaBO rocnonapen.a II xopaurben.a, npaso ynpasn.an,a II A06lIjalha npaxona, rrpaBO aa oryben.e, ryoarax, npoxeny IIJIII ynmtrren.e npenuera csojane.

UpKBa IIC o)),pc~yjc npano Jhy)),H na CBOjUIlY. MC~YTUM, 1111 MaTcpHjaJIna crpana JbY)),CKor }KUBOTa IIC ocraje U3BaH isenor BU)I,OKpyra. 003HBajyhlI Hac na najnpe Tpa)KIIMO Llapciueo Boscuje II iipaeo» l-beZOBY (MT. 6; 33), IlpKBa He satiopann,a HH norperiy sa xJ1e60.w nacytunuu (MT. 6; 11), cnarpajyIIH na 6H CBaKH qOBCK TpCOaJIO )),a HMa )l,OBOJhHO cpencraaa aa nocrojancrscn }KUBOT. Ynopeno C THM, U.pKBa ynoaopana na UPCKOMCPHY npuByqCUOCT MaTcpujaJIIIUM ))'oopuMa, 6oiaiiiciii60.M U cnaciiiuua oeoia »cueoiiia (B. JIK. 8; 14). Y ~TaBY OpaBOCJIaBHe upxne npeva CBOjHHII HeMa HIiTII arnopncan.a MaTeplIJaJIHHX norpeoa HHTH cynporrre KpajHoCTI1, xoja 611 BCJIWIa.'la Te}Klhy JbYAIi ~a aanorinjan.y MaTcplIjaJIIIIIx noriapa xao BHllIer I\IIJba II Bpel\HoCTH nocrojau,a. 11MOBIIHcKIi nonoxaj 'IOBCKa caM no ce6n: He MO)Ke Aa ce nOCMa'rpa xao cBeAo'raHCTBO 0 TOMe na JIll jc OH yronan Eory IIJIIi HlIjC.

OAHOC rrpaBOCJIaBHOr xpaurhannna npena cBojmIlI Mopa ce 3aCHliBaTH na eBaHl)eJICKOM Ha'-leJIY Jby6aBII npeua 6JIII)KlheM, H3pa)KeHOM y CnacrrreJbeBIiM pe-nera: 3ailoBeclu noey oaie» BaM: oa Jby6uilie jegfll~ gpY2e (JH. 13; 34). Ta 3allOBCCT je OCHOBa MOpaJIHOr nonarnan.a xpnurhana. Tpefiano 61I na aa IbliX a, ca npxsene Ta'IKC rJIeAIIIlITa, II aa CBe OCTaJIe JbYAe, ona CJ1Y)K1I xao ~MrrepaTIIB Y crpepa perynncan.a Mel)YJbYACKIIX onnoca, YKJby'ryjyhlI H CBO]IIHCKC.

122

123

naje Aeo CBOr I1MCTKa KaO )l(pTBeHY nonoh 6JIl1)1(lbeM. I1CTY MI1CaO I1CTl1'Ie 11 CR. JORaH 3JIaTOYCTI1: "He l~aBaTI1 OJ( csoje I1MOBI1He raxohe 3Ha'IVI IIJba'IKY". IJ,pKBa n03H8a xpmuhaue na cnojany paayssejy xao nap liOIKII.iH, xoja 11M je nar na 611 ra KOplICTHJJH sa CBojC H nofipo CBOjHX 6JJlIlKthHX.

Hcronpeneno, CIlCTO "HCMO npasnaje '10IlCK()Il() npallo ua CIlOjHHY II ocy~yjc CBaKH uacpraj na thy. Y ABC ol~ necer 3arrOBeCTl1 J],CKaJIOra nenocpenno CC I'OBOPI1 0 TOMC: He «paau ... He iioscenu «yhe 6JlllJl(J-beza iueoieia. He itoscenu »ceue 61lllJl(J-beza iiieojei«, Hli cnyie J-beZOBa, HU CJlYIUKllJ-be J-be20Be. Hli BOJla J-beioea, nu.uaiapua J-beZOBa, uuiuu uiuiua tuiuo je 6JluJlCJ-beza tllBojeza (2. Mojc. 20: 15, 17). Y HOBoM 3aRC'fY je ca'IYBaH TaKaB OJ(HOC npeua caojnn», ami je Ao6HO H Tly6JbY, MOpaJIHY YTCMCJI,CHOCT. Y Esanben.y CC 0 TOMe rOBOpl1 na cneneha aa-nra: He yxpaou ... He iioscesu iuybe II 6UJlO «oia gpyza sauoeeciu, IICIIVJ-baBa ce y OBOj peuu: Jby6u tiuocneia ceojeia «ao caMoza ce6e (PI1M. 13; 9). .

7.3. IJ,pKBa npnanajc nocrojan,e pa3110JJHKHX <J10pMH CBOjUHC. Ilpxcasna, TlPYWTBCHa, KopnOpaTI1B1Ia, JII1'IHa 11 MeWOBI1TI1 06JII1I\11 cnojune cy 1'0- KOM I1CTOPl1jCKor paasoja Y pa3JII1'IVITI1M 3CMJI,aMa 3aA0611JII1 11 pa3JIl1'IHTY YKopClbeHOCT. IJ,pKBa He naje npennocr Hl1jcAHOj OA THX CPOpMI1. Y csaxoj OA lbl1X Moryfic cy KaKO rpenrue nojase - IIJba'IKa, rpaM311BocT 11 nenpanenna paCITC1AcJIa ITJIOAOBa pana - TaKO 11 AOJlI1'IHa H Mopamlo orrpasnana pacnonena MaTcpHjaJIHI1X A06apa.

eBC seha ana-raj Ao6l1ja I1HTeJICKTyaJlHa caojana, 'IHjl1 cy npenner aaY'IHI1 paAOBI1 H 113yMI1, I1H<popMaTI1BHC TeXHOJlOmjc, YMeTHl1'IKa nena 11 APYra nocrarnyha CTBapaJIa'IKe 3aMI1CJlI1. IJ,pKBa noanpann.a CTBapaJIa'IKI1 pan KOjl1 je ynpann.en xa APYIlITBeHoM Ao6py, ocyhyjyha napyuranan,e ayropCKI1X npana na HHTeJleKTyaJIHY CBOjI1HY.

Yonurreno rosopehn, IJ,pKBa HC MOIKC Il,a 01l,06pll OTIIMathC II npcpall,y caojnne, y3 ralKCthC npasa n-eanr 3aKOIIHTOl' BJJaCIIIIKa. 113Y3cTaK MO)l(C na 6YAC caxro OHO 0AY3I1MalbC CBOjl1llC na OCHOBY onrosapajyher 3aKOHa xoje, 6YTlyfiH 06pa3JIO)l(CHO anrepecava BcfiHHC JbYAI1, npara npasenaa KOMIIClIaaunja. I1CKYCTBO OTal,I6HHCKC HCTOPl1jC noxaayje Aa napyuraaan,c TI1X na'Ie:la IIY)l(HO BOTIH xa cOl\l1jaJIHHM norpccana 11 JbYACKI1M crpanaa.aaa.

Y I1CTOPl1jl1 xpmuhaacrsa, sa MHorc 3ajcAHHl\C 611J111 cy KapaKTCpI1CTI1'I;jJ! \llijeUHIhclbc I1MOBHHa 11 onpauan.e on JIl1'IHI1X BJIaCHI1'IKI1X TC)!(lbl1. TaIdB xapaxrcp I1MOBHHCKHX onnoca nOTIIOMarao je jaxan.y AYXOBHOI' jCAI1H(,TBJ aepyjyhax H y MHorHM CJlY'lajeBI1Ma 6110 je eKOHOMCKH erpaxacan. Kao npanep sa TO Mary na nocnyxe npaBOCJlaBHI1 MaHaCTHpl1. MC~yTIIM, OIl,PHuau.e Oil, JIH'IHC cnojune y IIpBoanOCTOJJCKoj onurnmu (Ilena an. 4; 32), a xacunje II y onllITClKlITCJhllHM MallacTllpHMa, IIMaJJO jc IICKJhY'lIlBO nofipoBOJhIlH xapaxrep II 611JJO jc nOBC3allO C JJlIlJHHM Il,YXOBIIHM 11360pOM.

7. 4. Uocc611Y <J10PMY CBOjHIIC npencraan-a cnojana pCJJHrH03HHx opramoaunja. OIW ce crnnc na pa3JIl1'IHTC Ha'IlUlC. MC~yTI1M, OCIIOBHY KO~IIIOIICHTY u.enor cpOpMHpaIba npeJ~cTaBJbajy A06pOBOJblIH llPHJI03H BCPY1Yhax JbYAH. Carnacno CBCTOM flHCMY, )l(pTBa je CBCTl1Iha H Y nenocpennou CMllCJlY npnnana Eory, onaj KOjH nPHHocH )!(PTHY naje Dory a HC cneurreuaKY (B. 3. Mojc. 27: 30 II 1. JC3AP. 8: 28). )KpTBa je Ao6pOBOJbHI1 '!HIl, xoja BepyjyhH canpuranajy C peJIHrI103HI1M ~I1JbeBHMa (HeM. 10; 32). )KPTBC IIC rpeoa na 113AP)l(aBajy cauo CBeIllTeHOCJIY)!(IlTeJI,e Hero H I\CO napon I;O)!(IIjH (B. <PHJIHllJb. 4; 14 18). hY/WfiH Aa je nocsehena Eery, )!(pTBa jc nenpnxoCHOBelIa H CBaKH, Knjl1 je ykpanc, AY)I(all je I\a BpaTH BHIllC Hero IllTO je yKpao (3. Mojc. 5: 14~15). UPHHOUlClbC IKpTaBa (rj, nauau.e "pHJJOra) y6paja cc MC~y lIajBalKHHjc 3anOBCCTH xoje je Bor nao lJOBCKY (Ku., CHp. 7; 30-34). Ha Taj nauau je IIPHIIOIlIClhC IKpTaBa (rj. ll,aBalhC npHJJOI'a) nocefiau IIpHMCp cOI~HjaJJl,"x H CKOIIOMCKHX 01l,1I0ca. Y CJJCIl, 'rora, ua IhHX IIC Mory ayroMaTCKII na cc "PHMCHC 3aKOlllf xojn pcrplfllly ilplKaBHc $lfllallclfjc 1I CKOHOMHjy, a nocefiuo Il,plKaBllo nnopeanaan.e. IJ,PKB<l KaiKC na, YKOJII1KO osaj I1JII1 onaj lbCH npHX01\ I1Ma npcAY3CTHll'IKH xapaxrcp. OH MO)!(e OHTH onope- 30BaH. MC~YTHM, CBaKH nacpraj na )!(PTBC (npunore ) Bcpyjyhux npencrasn,a npccryn npcn JhYAHMa 11 Boron.

8. PAT H MHP

8. 1. PaT je CPl!3WIKO I1CrrOJbaBaH,e CKpl1BCIIe nYXOBIle 60rrCCTH 'lOBC'JaIICTBa - 6paToy6l1JIa'IKe MP)l(lbC (1. Mojc. 4: 3~~ 12). HaKoH rpexonana, paTOBI1 cy rrpaTHJIH nenoxynny I1CTOPl1jy JbYAcKor pona H, npeva CBaJI~CJICKOj pe-ra, nparuhe je H nan.e: A tau) tlyjellie paiuoee II 2JlaCOBe 0 pmU06liJ1W. He [L7atlllllUe ce; jep iupet)« Ilio ga 6yge (MK. 13: 7). 0 TOMe CBCAO'Il1 11 Anoxac1I1IICa, npanoaenajyha 0 nOCJICAlhoj 6H~H noopa II 3JIa KOA rope Apnarenon (OTKp. 16: 16). 3c~taJI)CKH parosn cy onpas HCOCCKC 6I1TKe, 6YAyfiH na HX vspoxyje ropnocr H npOTI1BJbelbC BOJbI1 Eoxorjo]. Iloxasano ce na je 'IOBeK, rroBpcljcn rpexou, YBY'Ien Y crnxajy TC 6HTKC. PaT je 3JIO.lhcrOB Y3POK, xao H Y3POK 3J1a y lJOBCKY YOlllllTC, jCCTC rpCIIIHa 311oyu01:pe6a 60rOM)l,ane cno- 60)l.C, jep 113 cpua 113.1Cl3e 3Jle iiosutcnu, y6l1Ctll6a, Ilpelby6e, 6Jlyg. Kpaf)e, Jla~ ./ICHa ceeqonen.a, X_\',le ... (MT. 15: 19).

Jour y npacxosopje cseurrene HCTOpl1je, y6I1CTBO, 6C3 xojer HC MO)!(e Aa IIPO~C najcnan paT. CMaTpaJIO ce sa TC)!(aK npccryn IIpCTI Boron. He y611j, Ka)!(e 3aKOII Mojcejes (2. Mojc. 20; 13). Y CTapoM 3aBeTY, xao H y CBHM TlpeBHI1M pemrrnjaaa. KpB l1Ma CBCIlITeHH xapaxrep, C 063HpOM na jc KpB ~ )!(HBOT (3. Mojc. 17: 11-14). KpB CKpHaBII3ejUbV, xaxce ce y CBeToM flHCMY· MC~yTHM, raj HCTH 0116JIHjcKH TeKCT YII030paBa OIlC, KOjl1 cy CC OKPCHYJIH

124

125

HaCHJbY: 3eMJba ce He MOJICe ouuciuuiuu og «peu «oia ce uponuie na fbOj gpyianu]« ueio KPBJby OHOla KOjU je uponuie (4. Mojc. 35: 33).

8.2. Xpnurhaaa JbYJlHMa noaoce 6JIary BeCT nonapen,a (B. PHM. 15; 10).

MeljYTHM, )!(HBehn Y "OBOM cBeTY" KOjH Y 311Y 1IeJICU (I. JH. 5; 19) H KOjl1 je acnyisea HaCI1JbeM, OHH ce H rrpOTY!B csoje BOJbe cyoxaaajy ca )!(J1BOTHOM aeonxonnomhy na Y'IeCTByjy y pa3HHM 6HTKaMa. CMaTpajylil1 paT sa 3J10, U.pKBa He CnpeqaBa cnoja qe)J,a )J,a yqeCTByjy y paTHI1M )J,ejcTBuMa, YKOJlUKO ce pana 0 3amTUTU 6J1IDKIbUX U sacnocramsan.y norascene npaB)J,e. Y TOM CJIY'lajy par ce cxarpa HYJKHUM, naxo HeJKeJheHUM cpe)J,CTBOM. I1paBOCJIaBJbe ce Y CBHM apeMeHI1Ma C Ay60KI1M nourroaarsea OAHOCHJIO npeaa CBI1M paTHH~I1Ma KOjH cy rro ~eHY concrnenor )!(J1BOTa 6paHI1JIli )KHBOTe li 6e36eJlHOCT 6mDKIbHX. CBeTa U:pKBa je MHore paTHHKe npaopojana CBeTl1TeJbHMa, y3liMajyhl1 y 063Hp IbHXOBe xpanrhancxe BpJIHHe H nosesyjyhu C IbliMa pe-ra XpliCTOBe: Og OBe Jby6aBU HUKO ueua Bene, oa KO JlCIlBOW CBOj tlOJlOJICU sa upujaiuene ceoje (JH. 15; 13).

Kan je KOHCTaHTHHOrrOJbCKH narpnjapx nocnao cseror paBHoarrOCTOJInor KMpMJIa na eBaHljeJICKY nponosen M xan je osaj crnrao y capauencxy npecromnty, Y'IeHli MyxaMel~aH~H 3arrO'IeJII1 cy pacnpasy ca IbliM. YI3Meljy ocrannx rnrran.a, nocrasann cy My li cnenehe: "XPHCTOC je aam Bor. OH BaM je 3arrOBeAIW Aa ce MOJIHTe sa csoje nertpajaren,e H Aa 'IHHHTe A06po OHliMa KOjH sac Mp3C 11 uporoue, na OHOMe, KOjlI sac ynapa no 06pa3Y oxpenere H npyra. Mehyrnx, urra Bli 'IlIHliTe? AKo sac HeKO yspena, Bli onrrpnre opyxje, xpehere Y 6liTKY II y61IjaTe. 3allITO He CJIYllIaTe caor XPlICTa?" KaA je TO -ryo, csera Kapan je yrnrrao csoje caroaopanxe: "AKO cy y HeKOM 3aKOHY sanacane ABe sanoaecra, KOjlI he 'IOBeK 6liTli caapmennja nsspnraaau 3aKOna? JJ.a JIll onaj KOjlI ncnyna jenny OA lblfX lfJIlf onaj, xojn acnyna 06e OBe sanoaecra?" Kan cy Arapjann OArOBOpliJIli na he caapurennje ncrrynara 3aKOH onaj, soja aaspma 06e aanosecra, csera nponosennax je HaCTaBlfO: "3anosennnura Aa ce MOJIlfMO sa OHe xojn Hac npehajy If na lfM 'IHHlfMO A06po, XPHCTOC, naur Eor, pexao lIaM je If TO, na HlfKO OA Hac y OBOM )!(lfBOTY He MO)!(e na noxaxe sehy n.yoaa OA OHe, Aa sa npajarerse rrOJIO)!(H CBOjy nyury (B. JII. 15; 13). ETo 360r xer'a Mlf BeJIlfKoAYllIlIO rpnuuo yspene xoje HaM naaecy xao nojeAlfH~lfMa. Mehyrau, y aajemraua urnrnoao jenna npyre II rrOJIa)!(eMO csoje nyure y 6lf~lf aa caoje 6JIlf)!(lbe, na Blf, xana nopoonre name cvrpahane, He 6lfCTe ca lbHXOBliM renana nopooana II lbliXOBe nyure, npacn.i.anajyha ax na onpmian,e OA sepe II aa JlPyre 60rorrpOTlIBHe nocrynxe. HaWH XPHCTOJby6lfBlI parmuta C opyxjea y pYKaMa -rysajy CBeTY U:PKBY II -rysajy rocnonapa y 'IHjOj cseroj JIWIHOCTII nourryjy 06JIWljC BJIaCTlf Ilapa Heoecxor. Hysajy II OTaI,I61IHY, jep 6H ca IheHlIM pymea.en HeMlfHOBHO nana II oTar;6HHCKa BJIaCT, II OCJIa6HJIa esaahencxa nepa. To je cxynoueua 3aJIOr,

360r xojer cy BOjIIH~H AY)!(IIlI na ce 60pe AO nocnemse KaIIlI xpsa. AKO 01I1i IIa 60jHOM non.y IIOJIO)!(e csoje nyine, U:pKBa lIX nplIAPy)!(yje,,360py CBeTHX MY'leHHKa II Ha3HBa HX HallIliM MOJII1TBeHlI~lIMa npen Boron.

8. 3. CBlI KOjU ce Maille sa HOJl(, og HOJl(a he iuuunyiuu (MT. 26; 52). Y OBliM Cnacaren.esau pe'II1Ma uneja npasenuor paTa HaJIa31I CBOjC 06pa3JIO)!(elbe. Ca xpaurhancxe ra-rxe rnennurra, nojax MOpaJlHe npaB)J,e y Me~yHaPO)J,HHM OiJ,HOCUMa Mopa ce ocnaaarn na CJIe)J,elia, OCHOBHa nasena: 1) Jhy- 6aB npesra CROjHM 6JIUJKIbUM, npeMa CBOM aapony U oTaI,l6uHH, 2) pasyuenaIbe norpefia iJ,pyrux napona H 3) y6e~eHocT iJ,a ce iJ,06py caora napona He MOJKe CJlYJKUTH neMOpaJIIIUM cpeiJ,CTBUMa. Ta TpH naxena OApCJlHJIa cy MOpaJIHe rpaunue paTa, a CTBOPlfO lIX je xpaurhancxa CBCT cpenn.er sexa, K~A cy JbYJlII, npnnarohaaajyhn ce peannoj cnryaimja, rrOKYIIIaBaJIIi lIa 06Y3AaJY crnxajy parnor HaCI1Jba. Beh rana je BJIa):laJIO y6eljClbe na ce par Mopa BOAI1- rn npexia ollpeljeHI1M rrpaBI1JIHMa H na 'IOBeK KOjH ce 60plI He 6H 'rpefiano na \Bry61I CROj MOpaJIHH JIllK llJIll na 3a60paBli na je 1I u.ercs rrpOTHBHHK acrn TaKaB 'IOBeK, KaKaB je H OH can,

Crsapan.e BliCOKHX rrpaBHIIX uopva y ~lel)yHapO)lHml O)lHOClI~la 6mIO 61I HeMoryhe 6e3 onor MOpaJIHOr yruuaja xojn je xpaurhancrso 1I3BPUIlIJIO na cpua II YMOBe JbYIlI1. Hecro ce norahano Aa ce na AeJI)" He Y)],OBOJbH BlfCOKlfM aaxresnaa aa npanemromhy y paTy. MeljYTHM, seh je H cauo nocranrsan.e naraisa 0 rrpaBeAHOCTI1 nonexan Y3AP)!(aBaJIO aapahene crpane Oil rrpeKOMepHe CypOBOCTlf.

Y sananaoj xpmuhancxoj rpanauzja, xoja BOlIll rrOpeKJIO Oil 6JIa)!(eHOr

ABrYCTI1Ha, rrplfJIIiKOM OJlpel)HBalba rrpaBeAHOCTH para 06H'IHO ce HaBO~~ H1I3 'Il1lbeHH~a xoje YCJIOBJbaBajy nonyurreu.e na ce sano-rae par aa CBOJOJ lfJIlf Tyl)Oj reparopnja. Y re 'IHIbeHlI~e MO)!(e ce yripojarn cnenehe:

_ par 6ll rpeoano oojasara KaA je y nnran.y aacnccraan.aise npasen-

HOCTH;

_ jennno 3aKOHlfTa BJIaCT liMa npaso na 06jaBli par;

_ npaso na xopnurhen.e CHJIe He CMe npananara rrojeAI1HI1M JII1~I1Ma HJIlf rpyrraMa JII1~a Hero caMO rrpeJlCTaBHI1~IIMa rpahancxe BJIaCTI1, nocraBJbeHIIM OJI Bora;

_ par MO)!(e 6HTI1 06jaBJbeH TeK OHJla, xan cy acupnn.ena CBa MlIpOJby-

6lfBa cpencrsa aa Bol)elbe rrperOBOp~ ca rrpOTlIBHWlKOM CTpaHOM H KaA ce rrOHOBO ycrrOCTaBI1 rrOJIa3Ha caryaunja:

_~ par ce Mo)!(e 06jaBI1Tlf casio y CJIY'Iajy na nocroje caCBHM OCHOBaHe

nane na he nOCTaBJbeHH I~I1JbeBH 6111'11 AocTl1rHYTI1: .

_ nnanapana BOjHI1 ry611~1I II pasapan.a Mopajy ojtrosapara CI1TyaI~HJI1

11 ~lIJbeBI1Ma para (Ha'IeJIO rrporrOp~110HaJIIIOCTI1 cpencraaa);

126

127 xao xpajn.e Mcpe. Hanporas, OH ocyhyje 3JI06y JbyncKor cpua, xao H )KCJbY sa 6HJIO 'IlljHM YHH)](elbeM H nponaurhy.

Y Be311 C TlIM, UpKBa ce nOCCOHO OpHlIC 0 BOjClJ,lI, KOjy BaCIIlITaBa y .iyxy BCPHOCTII BliCOKliM MOpaJlHlIM uneannaa. Cnopasyna 0 capann.n C opy)](aHHM cnaraxra 11 C ycraHoBaMa aa 3aUlTI1TY rrpana xoje jc CKJIOrrHJIa Pycxa npasocnasua npxna orsapajy BCJIHKe MoryhlIocm sa npeaasanaxen,e BeWTa'IKH CTBOPCHHX 6apHjepa H aa nosparax BOjcKC BeKoBIIoj IIpaBOCJlaBHoj TpanHl~HjH CJIy)](eH,a OTaI]6HIIH. ITpaBOCJIalllIH I1aCTHpH, KaKO OHH KOjl1 H3- spnraaajy noccfino nocnyuran.e y BOjCI\H. TaKO H OHH KOjH CJIy)](e y MalIaCTHpnxa HJIH y napoxnjaua, rrpH3BaHH cy ua IICH30CTaBHO sacmrranajy BOjHHKC 11 lIa cc 6pHHy 0 H,IlXOBOM MOpaJIHOM cTaILY·

8. 5. Y OCHOBH xpmnhaacxor CXBaTaIba CBCTa HaJIa3e ce ofiehau.a Eo)!(Hja, rrOCBCJ\O'IClIa y CBeToM ITIlCMY Crapor H HOBOI' 3aBeTa. Ta ofiehan.a, xoja najy IlCTIlHCKIl CMHcao IlcToPHjH, IIO'IeJla cy na ce ncnyn.asajy y 11cycy XpHCTY. 3a Hseroae cnenfieunxe, Ml1p IIpCI\CTaBJba 6JIarOnaTIIH J\ap nO)](Hja, sa KOjH CC MOJIHMO 11 xoja Tpa)KI1MO OJ\ Focnona KaKO aa Hac cane. TaKO H sa CBe JbYlle. bH6JIHjCKO nonuatse ~lI1pa naJICKO je WHpC 01\ rrOJJI1TI1'IKor. CBeTH arrOCTOJI ITaBJIe yxaayje na sutp Eoscu]« lipeBa31l.W311 CBaJ,,'1I ,v.1t (CPHnann-. 4: 7). OH je neynopenaso Y3BI1weHlIjll Oil 011 or ~!IIpa xoja !bYIII1 ~1Ory Aa crsope conCTBeHHM HaIIopHMa. MHp -ionexa ca Eoroxi. ca ca~!W\! C060M II ca I\pyrHM JbYAIlMa Hepa3ABojHBH cy jenan OA npyrora.

KOI\ crapoaasernax npopoxa, MHp ce npencrasn,a xao CTaH,e xoje OKOH-rasa ncropajy; H ByK he 60pa61IlUli C ja2fbeluoM, II PIlC he nexcaiiiu c japetUO.H ... Hehe nayauiiiu HU uoiuupaiiui ua CBOj ceeiiioi 20pU Mojoj, jep he 3e.lUba 6wulI uyna uoeuaua Tocuooneia xao uope eooe iuiuo je iiyno (Hca. 1 l: 6-9). Taj eCXaTOJIOUIKH HAcaJI nOBC3aH je C OTKPOBClbCM Mecaje, ,[HjC je HMe - KHC3 MHpa (Hca. 9: 6). PaT H HaCHJbe nm-reanybc ca 3CMllie: PaCK08ahe .Ma'le8e ceoie Ita paOHIIKe II «oiina ceoia ua cpitoee. uehe ousaiuu .~ta'ta uapoo ua uapoo. HUiiiu he ce 8111lle vuuiiu! 60j)' (Hca. 2: 6). Yocranon. MHp naje cauo nap I'ocnon\b\1 Hero \1 3·d11.'dl"3.K l\;y)\CKGr ?\)~\o.. b\1Cill\1\o. )\3.)C l\'d~\)' 11.3. he cc ,:!3 nOMoh £0- )](Hjy MHp OCTBapHTH 'IaK H Y rpannuava canaum.er 3eMaJbCKor nocrojan.a.

Ilpena cseno-reu.y caeror npopoxa Hcanje, Mllp je nnon npaBAe (Hca. 32; 17). CBeTO ITHCMO rosopa II 0 npasna nO)](Hjoj H 0 npasna JhYI\CKOj. I1 jenna H J\pyra cy rrOBC3aHe ca 3aBeTOM, KOjH jc Eor CKJlOIIHO C H3a6paHHM HapoAOM (B. Jep. 31; 35). Y TOM KOHTCKCTY, npanna ce rrpeBaCXOJ\HO I10HMa xao BepHOCT CaBe3HI1'IKHM OAHOCHMa. YKOJlI1KO JbYJ\H napyutasajy cases ca Borov. OJ\HOClIO, YKOJlHKO cy OHIl HerrpaBCAHH. YTOJIHKO 6HBajy JlHIlIeHI1 nnona npanne, rj, MHpa. Y TO BpeMC, jenan 01\ OCHOBHHX eJlCMeIIaTa Canajcxor 3aKOHOl\aBCTBa 6HO je 3aXTCB 3a rrpaBeJ\IIHM OJ\HOCOM npena 6J111)](lheM. DlIJI, 3aKOIIa naje 6HO

- y BpeMC para, IICOIIXOJ\HO je na ce ocarypa 3aWTI1Ta I\HBHJllIOr CTaHOBlIlIIIITBa OJ\ IIerrocpCJ\H11X BOjllHX axunja:

par CC MO)KC onpasnara jCJ\HHO TC)KlbOM sa rrOIIOBHHM vcnocrann.aH,CM 1\1I1pa H rtopenca.

Y cal~aIIIIhCM CHCTCMY MC~YllapOAHHX onnoca, nOIlCKa)J, je BCOMa KOMnJlllKOBaHO na CC nanpana pa3JIHKa H3MC~y arpCCHBlIor II OilopaM6cnol' para, Tpanana H3Me~y jCJ\IIor H IIPYI'Ol' nocerino je TaHKa y CJIY'lajeBHMa na jCJ\Ha HJIH HeKOJlHKO J\p)KaBa HJIll '13K H CBeTCKa sajeiuuma 3anO'IHY parua nejcrna. MOTHBHIIIyhH HX IICOIIXOJ\Homhy Aa ce 3allITHTH HapOJ\ KOjH je )KpTBa arpecnje (B. 15. 1). Y Be311 C THM, rurran.e 0 TOMe Aa JlH he UpKBa OCYAHTH HJllI nonpxaTH parua nejcrsa Mopa ce nojemma-nro pa3MaTpaTII CBaKIl nyr Kal\a TaKBa nejcrna 3ano'iHY HJlH Ka)J, ce nojann onaCIIOCT 01\ IbHXOBor 1I0'lCTKa.

Jenan OA O'IllrJlCAHHX 3HaKOBa na OCHOBY KOjHX ce MO)](C CYI\HTH ollpaBeJ\HOCTIlIlJlH uertpanennocrn para, jccy H MCTO)J,H aoheu.a paTa, a TaKO~C H OI~HOC npeva 3apo6JbeHHI\HMa 11 MHPIIOM CTaHOBIIHIIITBY rrpOTHBHHKa, rroCC6HO rrpCMa )KClIaMa, /\CI\H II CTapI\HMa. Hax H OHI!, KOjH ce I1ITHTe on nanana, Mory IlCTOBpeMeHO na 'IllHe CBa Moryha 3J1a, 3601' -rcra rro CBOM MopanHOM H J\YXOBHOM crau.y IIHCY IIHUITa Y3BHllIeHHjH 01\ nanana-ia. PaT cc Mopa BO)J,HTII C npaBC)J,HHM I'HeBOM, aJlII IIC H ca 3J1060M, nOXJJcnOM, nOIKYAOM (B. 1. In. 2; 16) II OCTaJlHM H3)J,aHIJ,HMa ana, ITpaBHJIlla npouena para xao nonsnra H.1H, nanpo'rnn, xao pa36ojHHIIITBa, MO)KC cc Ha'IHIIHTH cavo YKOJIHKO ce nohe OJ\ alIaJlH3C MOpaJIHOl' crau.a OHHX KOjH paryjy. He pag)'j ce C.UPlUII '108eKa, nate II aKO je OH !UBOj uaieehu neupuiaiue»; ceiiiu ce ga hesio CBII ,11l1 vwpeiuu, Ka)Ke CBCTO ITHcMO (KH,. CHp. 8; 8). KOJ\ xpmnhana ce 'IOBC'IaH OAHOC rrpeMa palhCHHI\HMa II 3apo6JbeHHI\HMa 3aCHHBa na pe'lHMa anOCTOJla ITaBJla: AKO je, oanne, inaaau ueupujaiue», IU80j, HaXI)(IHll ia; axo je sceoa«, uaiioi ia; jep IUO uuneiu: 32pHyheill Jl(1l80 YZlbe8.lbe na 2J1OB)' teeioev. He gaj {)II iue 3,10 1I06egu, neio 1I06egu 3JW g06pOJH (PHM. 12: 20-21).

8.4. Y HKoHorpaqmjH cneror I'eoprnja Iloticnonocna, I\pHY axotajy ra- 1e xotnrra KO\ba Koill ce YBeK ttpencrasn.a xao OJIIlCTaBO oeo.1 H.MC CC 'otmrnenno noxasyje: 3J10 H 6op6a nporas n.era Mopajy 6HTIl anconyrno pasABOjcHH. Y CBHM )KHBOTIIHM CHTYaJ\lIjaMa xoje saxreaajy IIpHMeHY CHJlC. -ioBCKOBO cpne He 6H rpeoano na ce nahe y BJlaCTH phamrx ocehan,a, jep ra ona AOBOllc y CPOACTBO ca HC'lHCTHM J\yxoBHMa H ynonotin.yjy ra IhHMa. Cano nooena nan 3JIOM y COIlCTBeJIoj /\YIlIH oTKpHBa 'IOBCKY MoryhnocT ua npaBCI\HO npHMeHH CI1JIy. TaKBo rJICJ\HlIITC, yrnphyjyh« Y Me~yJbYJ\CKHM OJ(HOCHMa AOMHHaI\Hjy Jby6aBH, OAJIY'IHO onfianyje HI\Cjy 0 ucnpornnn.eu.y 3Jly CHJlOM. Xpmuhaucxa MOpaJlHH saxon He ocybyje 60p6y rrpOTlIB 3JIa xao HII IIPHMCIIY CHJIC Y o~lIocy na n.cronor HOCHOl\a, na nax HH JTHIIlaBalbC )KHBOTa

128

129

na OrpaHWUI cnotiony JIWIHOCTll HCrO mrpann,a npyurrsenor )!(llBOTa na na-teJIY npaBC,f1HOCTll, KaKO 6ll ce nocrnrao pCJIaTllBaH MllP, nopenax II cnoxojcrso. 3a Hapann, je TO 3Ha'IllJIO na cc Mllp y npyurrseaoa )!(llBOTY He ocrnapyje caM no CC6ll, 3601' HCKllX npnponunx saxona, nero jc OH, xao npno, Moryh xao nap 60)!(aHCTBCHC npanne a xao npyro, xao nJIo/I '10BCKOBllX penarnoanax nanopa, Tj. lhCI'OBC BepHOGI'll Eory. Tano rne Jbynll ca 3aXBaJIHOlimy onrosapajy na npaaAY nO)!(lljy, TaMO ce uunociii 1I UCIUWW fby6e, iipaeoa u .ItUP ueaueai» ce (TIc. 84: 11). YOCTaJIOM, ncropnja Crapor 3aBCTa naje MHOWTBO npllMcpa HCBcpCTBa II rpenme HC3aXBaJIHOCTII naaopanor napona. To je AaJIO nOBoA IIpOpOKy JepeMlljll na yxazce na pa3JIOr sa OT\CYCTBO MIl.pa y Hspaan.y, y xojeu ce CTaJIHO -ryje: Mup, MIIP, a uupa ueu« (Jep. 6; 14). TIpOpO'IKll nosua na noxajan,e 3BY'Ill xao necsra BepHOGI'll npasna Eosorjoj. nC3 oosapa ua rpexose napona, nor otiehaaa na he C IhllMa CKJIOnllTll "HOBll 3aBeT" (" canes") (Jep. 31; 31).

I1GI'O xao y Crapon, Mllp ce II y HOBOM 3aBeTY cMaTpa sa nap Boxnje Jby6aBll. OH je IIGI'OBeTaH C eCXaTOJIOWKllM cnacea.ev. Baanpeucaocr Mllpa, xoja cy HaI'OBeGI'IIJIll npopoun, OC06llTO cc jacao BllT\H y JOBaHoBoM EBaH~en.y. Y ncropaja HaC1'aBJba na uapyje )!(aJIOL'T, aJIH OHll xojn nepyjy y Xpncra llMajy Mllp (Jn, 14: 27 ll16: 33). Y HOBOM 3aBeTY. Mllp je HOpMaJIHO 6JIaI'OAaTHO cran-e xoae-mje nyure. OCJI060~eHe OA potiosan,a I'pexy. Ynpaso 0 TOMe I'OBopH )!(CJba aa 6JIarOAahy 1I ~mpo"l na rrO'ICTKY nocnauaua CB. anOL'TOJIa TIaBJIa. Taj Mllp je nap Ilyxa CBeTOI'a (PIIM. 15; 13 II [aJI. 5; 22). Cran.e nOMIl.peHOL'TIl. ca Eorov jc HOpMaJIHO crau,e TBapII, jcp Eoi uuie Boi uepeaa ueio Mupa (1. Kop. 14: 33). TICIIXOJIOIIlKll. ce TO cran-e aapaxaaa y ynyrpaunsex noperxy nyure, KaT\a paAOL'T II MIl.p Y sepa (PIl.M. 13; 13) nocrajy r01'OBO CllHOHllMll.

Ilpexra 6JIaI'OAa1'll Bosorjoj, MIl.p xapaxrepnme cnorsannsu II ynyrpallIlhII acnexr )!(llB01'a IJ,pKBe. Mehyrnu, 6JIaI'OAa1'HII T\ap Mllpa sanaca, napaBHO, Il. 0T\ JbYACKllX nanopa. Ilapona Ilyxa CBeTOI'a npojasn.yjy CC jCT\llHO raxo, rue llM jc y CYCPC1' IIOllIJIO JbY,f1CKO cpue, IIoKajHIl.'1Kll CTPCMchll xa IIpaBAIl. Eoxnjoj. Ilap Mllpa ce noxasyjc OHT\a, KaA xpnurhaua TC)!(C na ra 3aA06Il.jy, cehajynu ce ueiipeciuano aesu: eepe, u iupyaa fby6a6l/, u itociiiojane naoe y Fociioaa naiueia hcyca Xpuciua (1. COJI. 1; 3). Texn,e xa Mllpy CBaxor nojenanor nena TeJIa Xpacrosor Mopajy 6ll1'll He3aBllCIIe 01\ apevcna II on )!(llBOTHIl.X YCJIOBa. Bynyh« yronne [OCHOAY (MT. 5; 9), OHC nonoce IIJIOT\OBe Ma rue II Ma kana na ce caapurasajy. Ilpeotipaacaaajyha YHYTp31IIlbcr '10BCK3, MIIP, K30 )J,3p IioIKIIjH, MOP3 )J,3 ce npojana H CrrOJh3. Hsera rperia o-rynara H paCIIJIaMCa1'll (B. 2. TllM. 1; 6),11 3601' rora je MllP01'BOPCTBO sana- 1'aK IJ,PKBC XPI1CTOBC: AKo je uoiytu: «o uuco go 6ac cuioju, lIMajiUe uup ca C6UMa fbyguMa (Pna. 12; 18). Ciuapaiiue ce ga «yeaiue iequnciueo gyxa ca6e- 30M uupa (Edi, 4; 3). HOB03aBcTHll IIpII3IIB aa MI1P01'BOPC1'BO ocnarsa ce na

rrpllMCp Cavor CnaCI1TCJba 11 aa Hseroso y-ren.e. 11 aKO cy 3anOBCC1'II 0 ncrrpOTI1BJbClhY 3JIy (MT. 5: 39), Jby6aBll npena uenpajaren.y (M1'. 5; 44) 11 orrpaUITalhY (MT. 6; 14-15) npeaacxonno ynyhene Jbynl1Ma, onna cc 3anOBCCT 0 Ml1pOTBOpCTB)'- EflaJICeHlI uupoiueopuu, jep he ce CllH06UM(l EOJIWjltM uaseaiuu (MT. 5; 9) - HcnocpqjHO OIlHOCI1 na COIjHjaJlHY CTHKy.

Pycxa rrpaBOCJIaBH3 IIPKB3 nacrojn )J,3 OCTB3pH MHPOTBOP3'1KO CJIylKcJI.c K3KO Y H311110U3JIIIIIM T3KO II Y Me~yHapo)J,HIIM P33Mcp3Ma, H3CTOjcliH i1.a pa3peuIH P33JIH'IHTC rrpoTHBypC'IHOCTH H na i1.0BCi1.e i1.0 C3maCHOCTH 113P0i1.e, CTHH'IKe rpyne, BJIaCTI1 H IIOJIHTH'IKC CH3rc. 300r TOl'3 0113 CBOjC PC'I11 yrryhyje 01lHM3, KOjH HMajy BJIaCT, xao H i1.pyrHM YTHlIajllHM CJIOjCBHM3 i1.pYIIITBa. Ilopen mra, OHa YJI3IKC uanope 33 oprauusosaa,e npcrOBop3 IIcnpHj3TCJhCKHX CTpaH3 H pai1.H YKa3HB3lba nOMohH CTp3i1.3JIIIHI~HM3. QpKB3 CC T3KO~C npOTHBH nponaranna p3T3 " H3CHJh3, "CTO K30 " P33JIH'IHTHM HCnOJh3BaIhHM3 MPIKIhC, cnocofiae i1.3 H3330BC 6p3Toy6"Jla'lKC cYKo6c.

9. 3JIOQHH, KA3HA, IIOIIP ABJhAlbE

9. 1. Xpmnhana cy n03BaHH na 6YlIY rpahana nocnynnra 3aKOllY CBOjC 3eMaJhCKe oTaI,I6IIHe, npnxsarajyha na je CBaKa nyuta 1\),)!(Ha ga ce iuncopaea enaciuuua «oie enaqai» (PIIM. 13: 1) II HCToBpe~lcHo lIMajyhii na yMy XPIICTOBY 3anOBeCT na ce hecapy oa tiecapeeo a Boiv EO:!I(:u;e (JIK. 20: 25). MehyTI1M, JbY/1CKa orpeXOBJheHOCT paha 3JIO'lIIIle fLTm uapymasan,e OHIIX rpannua, xoje je nocrasao 3aKOH. Ynopeno C TIIM, nojan rpexa, YCTaIlOB.:bCH xpamhancxm« MopamIIIM HopMaMa, AaJICKO je urapn Oil. npencrase CBeTOBIIor npana 0 3JIO'IIIHIIMa.

rJI3BHH H3BOP 3JIO'lHH3 je nOMp3'1CnO CT3lbC Jhy~CKC nynre: 113 CP1(Q 113.1za3e 3.!le IIOJWC1U, ytiuciuea. Ilpe.lby6e, 6flyg, Kpa~e, saso«: ceeaonen.a, xyfle (MT. 15; 19). Taxohe ce Mopa npnsnarn na 3JIO'lIIHIIMa nonexan nortpnnoce II eKOHOMCKe 11 counjamre OKOJIHOCTll, CJIa60C1' /1p)!(aBHC BJIaCTII II oncyCTBO saxoncxor rroperxa. KpIIMliHaJIHa ApYUITBa Mory na nponpy II y np)!(aBHe YCTaHoBe, KOjC he 3aTliM IICKOPIICTIITII sa csoje ~IIJbeBC. Hajsan, II cana BJIaCT, xoja II3BpwaBa He3aKOHl1Te pann,c, MO)!(C na nOCTaHC npecrynHI1K. Ilocefino cy onacan OHII 3JIO'IIIHll KOjII ce noxpnaajy nOJIllTl1'IKIIM II ncesno -peJIIIrI103HllM MOTIIBIIMa, xao llITO cy repopaaasr H CJIlI'IHO.

,IJ,a 6II cY36IIJIa ncnorsaaau,e 6e3aKolha, npxaaa crsapa npasoopananauxe oprane 'IIIjII je ~llJb npenynpeben,e, cnpexaaan.e II IICTpa)!(llBaIhC 3JIO'!HHa, a TaKO~e 11 Ka)!(lhaBalhC 11 npeaacnaraaan,e JIIIl\a xoja cy I1X nO'!HHllJIa. MC~yTIIM, Ba)!(HII 3a/1a~11 acsopersanaa,a 3JIO'IIIHa II nonpaarsan,a 3JIO'II1IIaI~a HI1CY y I1CKJbY'lliBOj fIaAJIC)!(HOCTll cneunjarmax YCTaHOBa IIJIll np)!(aBC Hero croje npen 'IHTaBllM naponon, a TO 3Ha'IH 11 npert UpKBOM.

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131

9.2. npO$HJIaKTHKa npcCTynHHUITBa (3JIOqHua) Morylia je npCBaCXO)l,HO Kp03 BacnHT31hC H npocsehanan,e, YCMCPCIIC xa TOMC na ce y )l,PYIUTBY yTBP)l,C HCTHIICKC )l,YXOBIIC H MOpaJIIIC BPC)I,1I0CTH. npaBOCJI3Blla Ilpxaa jc n03B311a na y TOM )l,CJIY capahyje ca UIKOJIOM, CPC)J,CTBHMa MaCOBHOr HII$OpMHCalha H OpralmMa npaBOOpaIlHJIaUITBa. YKOJIHKO y HapO)l,y HHjC npHCYTall II03HTHBall MOpaJIIIH H)I,CaJI, IIHKaKBC MCpC npHCHJIC, aacrpauuman,a HJIH Ka)l{lhaBalha nehe MoliH )l,a 3aYCTaBC 3JIy BOJhY npecrynnaxa. Ynpaso 360r 'rora najoon.y Mepy aa npenynpehen,e trapyuranan,a 3aKOHa npencrann.a nportosen 0 ~IaCHOM 11 )l,OJIWIHOM )l{I1BOTY, noce6no MCl)y )l,CI~OM 11 OMJIaAI1HOM. Ilpn TOM ce nenpecrano Mopa nOKJIalbaTI1 naaosa OHI1M JII1l\I1Ma, xoja npunanajy T3B. Pl13WIHl1M rpynava HJII1 OJlI1Ma soja cy Befi nO~Il1Hl1Jla npse npecryne, Ka TaKBI1M JbY)l,I1Ma Mopa 6l1Tl1 YCMcpCJla nocetina nacrnpcxa 11 IIpOCBeTI1TeJbCKa fipara. TIpaBOCJIaBHI1 CBeIllTCHOCJlY)KI1TeJbl1 11 Ml1pjaHI1 n03BalIll cy na yxecrnyjy y npcnaaanaxen.y COl\l1jaJIHI1X Y3pOKa JlpeCTYIIHI1IJ1TBa, Tla ce 6pl1IIy 0 npaBCTlHOM ypcbcn.y i\p)KaBe 11 eKOHOMl1je, 0 nporpecaonanHOM II )KI1BOTHOM OCTBapl1BalbY cnaxor -rnana TlPYIlITBa.

Ynopcno C HIM, Ilpxna HHCHCTHpa IIa IICOnXO)l,II0CTH qOBCqllOr onnoca npena OCPllhllqCHllMa, "pCMa OIlHMa KOjH cy non ncrparon H npena rpahaIIHMa KOjll cy 3aTCqCIIII y lIaMcpH na lIapyUIc 3aKOH. CYPOBO 11 HC)I,OcrOjHO noaautaa,e npeva TaKBlIM JbY)l,I1Ma MO)Ke na I1X Y'-IBPCTI1 na norpeIIIHOM nYTY lIJII1 na I1X rypne na TaKaB nyr. Ynpaso 360r rora lie 611 rpeoano Aa ce naua, xoja HI1CY ocybena no aaxoncxoj npecyna, nanase non CTpa)KOM 11 6YAY runnena OCHOBHI1X npasa. fbl1Ma ce Mopa rapatrronara npanna l1 Henpl1L'TpaCHO CYl)elbe. Ilpxna ocy~yjc TOpTypy H pa3JIHQHTC BII)J,OBC nomnsaaana OHUX, KojH cy no)l, ncrparou, CBCUITCHHK qaK HH y Il;HJhy nonohu IIpaBII"M oprannna IIC MO)l{C )l,a npcKpUIH CBCTY Tajny HcnOBCCTH ruIll IICKY )l,pyry TajHY KOjy UITHT" saxou (na npHMep, TajHY YCHHOBJbelba). Y csojoj OP"3H sa )l,YUIC 3aOJIY)l,CJIHX " oCy~CIIHX, naCTHpH, PYKOBO)l,cliH ce CBCTOM Tajnoa HcnOBCCTH, Kp03 noxajan.e )l,03113jy H OHO 1111'0 je CKPHBCIIO aa HCTpa)l{HTCJhC H npanocyhe.

Hopna, xoja npernocrasn.a rajnocr HCIIOBeCTH, yKJby~IcHa je y 3aKOHOAaBCTBO MHorHX caspcueuax npacasa, na II y Y CTaB Pycxe cpegepallHje H y PYCKl1 3aKOH "0 CJI060)l,H caBeCTH l1 0 peJlI1rl103HllM YAPY)KelbHMa".

CBCUITCIIHK je )l,Y)l{aH na 1I0Ka)l{C OCOOUTY naCTupcKY HCTaHQallOCT y OHUM cJIYQajcBHMa Ka)l,a nOCpC)I,CTBOM ucnOBCCTl1 )l,0311a aa cnpeauocr IIa 3JIOQUH. OH je )l,Y)l{aH )l,a OC3 H3Y3cTKa U y CBaKOM cnyxajy CBCTO CaQYBa raj- 1I0CT HcnOBCCTU. MCTOBPCMCHO, 06aBc3aH je na YJIO)l{U CBaKU MoryliH nanop, KaKO ce 3JIOQHllaQKa 3aMHcao IIC OU oCTBapUJIa. To ce npesacxonno OgHOCH na onaCHOCT og -rosexoytiacrna a IIOCC6HO IIa MaCOBHa y6I1CTBa, xaKBa cy Moryfia y cnyxajy TCPOPl1CTJ1lIKor axra l1JII1 IIpUnl1KOM 113BpmaBaiba

DOlIl1Ha<rKe 3anOBeCTl1 TOKOM para. I1Majyfil1 na yMY I10!J,jcgHaKY BpeTlHOCT J\'UIC I101'CHl\lljaJIHOr 3JIO'Il1III\a II nvmc HarOBCIJI1'ClIC )l{pTBe, CBCIIITCIIHK je lY)I{all na onora, KOjl1 cc lICnOBC)I,a, npnsone ua JlCTHIiCKO noxajarse, rj. na O)l,PHl\31bC 0)1, IhCrOBC phane HaMcpc, YKOJIHKO TaKaB npmne IIC 6y)l,c )l,CJIOrsopau, CBClIITCHlIK MO)l{C )l,a, II()OPHllyllllIll CC 33 OQYB31bC rajne HMClla HC- 1I0BC~ClIora U aa )l,pyrc ()KOJIIIOCTII KOjC Oil Momc lI.a OTKPH.iY lI,crOBY JIUQHOCT, ylI030pH onora QHjCM )l{IIBOTY npCTJI onaCIIOCT. Y TCIIIKIIM CJIYQajcBJI\1a, CBCIIITCIIJlK rpefia )1,3 CC ofiparu cnapXH.iCKOM apxnjepejy.

9.3. 3no<Il1I1 xojn je IIO'll1lhCIII1 OCyl)cII IIO saxonv, IIOnpa3YMcBa l1 npaBCABO Ka)l{lbaBalbC. Hseron CMI1CaO ce cacrojn y nonpaan.an.y t[OBCKa KOjl1 je napvumo 3aKOII a raxohc II Y 3alll1'I1TI1 TlPYUI1'Ba on 3JIO'Il1IIl\a l1 Y npeceuau.y IbCI'OBC 3JJO'II1Ha'IKe ACJJaTHOCTl1. He nocrajyhn cynnja QOBCKY KOjJl jc npcKpJIIJl() 3aKOH, Ilpxna je npasnana )1,3 CC 6pllllC 0 u.cronoj II.YIUII. Ynpaso 360r rora ona Ka3HY IIC CXB3Ta xao OCBCTY nero xao CPC;lCTBO aa ynYTpaI111he o-nuuhen,e QOBeKa KOjll je carpCIIIIIO.

Y cranonn.yjyhn Ka)!(lbanalbC npecrvuuuxa. Tsopau CC oopaha I13pal1- .ThY: Hseuq« 3.no 113 ce6e (5. Mojc. 21: 21). Kaxosaaau.e onora KOjl1 je npecrynno 3aKOH CJIY)Kll xao nOYKa aa OCTaJIC Jbygc. Hanaxcyha Ka3HY aa JIa)KHO npopoxonan.c, Eor Ka)KC Mojccjy: Hetca caB 113pmlJb 'IYie 1I yiuuuuu ce, II qa ce BlIllie He vuuuu iuaxeo 3JW .rwel)y BaMa (5. Mojc. 13; 11). Y Ilpn-rana COJIOMOHOBl1J,!'II1TaMO: Yqpu uoacueeana qa ce .nygll y.rwygpu, u pasyunoia iipexopll qa pasvs«: H{lVKl' (DpWIC COJI. 19; 25). CTap03aBeTHa rpanmtaja nosuaje IICKOJIllKO BpCTa Ka)KH,aBalba: CMP1'HY Ka3HY. nporoncrno, orpananaaan,e cnorione, TCJICCIIO Ka)KlbaBalbC, HOB~IaHy Ka3HY l1J1l1 "pOnl1CI1BalbC na ce npunece )KpTBa y PCJIIlrl103HOM lII1Jh)'.

3aTBop, nporoncrso, nOIIpaBHl1 (npIlHYAIIl1) pan a rnooa (HoB~IaHa xa- 311a) y CBOjC'I'B), Ka3IIC 3aAp)l{aJII1 cY ce l1 y caspeaeuox CBCTY. CBl1 'I'll Bl1)\OBIl CYI~cKor Ka)KlbaBalba nenajy CBOj CMl1CaO cajro ca 1'a~IKC rJlC)l,HJIITa aaurnrre npynrrsa OTI 3J1C BOJbC 3JI01Il1HI\a, nero II y HaMcpH ga CJJY)KC n.erosoi« nonpasn.au.y. Taxo, na npanep, nJ1IIIaBalbC IlJm orpamr'tanan.e cnofione najc MoryfiHocT ua ~rOBCK, KOjl1 ce nOCTaBIlO H3BaH ApYIIITBa, npeacrurra conCTBCHll )l{IlBOT l1 na ce na cnofiony uparu ynyrpaum.e o'Il111IfieH. Pan IIOTnOMa)Ke aacrnrraaan.y JJWIHOCTl1 y CTBapaJIa'IKOM TlYxy II onorvbana Tla ce 3ago611jy Il03l1Tl1BIIC HaBl1Ke. Y nponecy nonpaunor (npaaynnor) pa)\a, rpexosna CTIlxnja xoja jc yxopeu.ena y !\YJIIll rpefia na ycrynn MeCTO crsapan.y, CpCl)CHOC1'H 11 gYIIICBHOM Ml1py. Ilopcn rora, Ba)KHO je na OHa nnua, xoja ce nanase tra MCCTY JIl1II1aBalba cnofionc. He gO)Kl1BC HC110BC']JIO IIOHaIJIalbe l1 na YCJIOBl1 y xojuva )l{l1BC HC Gygy TaKBH na yrposcaaajy lbl1XOBC )Kl1BOTC l1 3)\paBJbC, ga na Ihl1XOBO MOpaJllIO cran-e ne )'TJ1lIC noryfina npaxrcp npvrnx 3aTO'ICHIlKa.

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133

3601' 'rora jc npacasa iW)!(IIa ria ce 6pHHC 0 3aTBOpCHHl\HMa, H Y roj 6PH3H rpeoa na joj noxascy H APYllITBO H Ilpxsa.

Y xpmuhancray, A06ap 0ilHOC rrpCMa 3a1WICHHl\HMa, a Y l\HJbY lhHXOBor nonpann.aa,a, HMa Ay60KY OCHOBY . .IJ:06poLIHHCTBa soja ce YLIHHe 3aTOLlCHHl\HMa Tocnon Hcyc XPHCTOC nopcnn ca CJI~elhCM lbesry CaMOM: Y iuaunuuu 6ejax, u goboclue MU (MT. 25; 36). Hcropnja je caLIYBaJIa MHOllITBO npavepa na cY CBCTH bO)!(HjH yroAHm~H YKa3aJIH noaoh 3a1WICHHl\HMa. Pycxa npaBOCJIaBna rpanmtaja 0ilYBCK jc nonpaaynesana MHJIOCp~C npena nocpnynnaa. CBCTH MHOKCHTHjC, apxnermcxon XCPCOHCKH, Y BOJIOrOAcKoj TaMHill\H oriparuo ce cY)!(lhHMa CJICAcfiHM pCLlHMa: "HHCMO ilOUIJIH OBaMO pana saurer pa306JIWIClha, nero na 6HCMO BaM npenann yTCXY H rrOYKY. BHAHTC H caMH na BaM ce npH6JIH)!(HJIa CBCTa Ilpxsa ca CBHM CBOjHM CBCTHM Tajnana: crora ce HH BH HCMOjTC ynan.aaarn OA n.e. flPH6JIH)!(HTC joj CC BCPOM, noxajan.ea H nonpaBJbalhCM CBOjC aapasa ... CrraCHTCJb H cana ca Kpcra UIHpH PYKC npena CHilMa KOjH ce xajy; noxajre ce H BH, H IIpChH hCTC H3 CMpTH Y )!(HBOT! "

Bpurehn CBOjC CJIY)I{CIbC Y MCCTHMa namaaan,a CJI0601l;C, QpKBa jc II;Y)l{lIa na TaMO 1I0ll;HfIIC xpaMoBc H MOJlHTBCIIC onaje, na caspmana CBCTC Tajne H 60rocJIY}KClba, lI;a BOII;H lIaCTHpCKC 6cccII;c ca 3aTO'ICIIH~HMa, na MC~Y IbHMa umpa II;YXOBIIY JIHTCpaTYpy. UpH TOM je Oil; nocefine Ba}KIIOCTH JIH'IIIH KOIITaKT C JIHIDCHHMa CJl0601l;C, yKIhy'IyjyhH H nUCCTY MCCTY IbHXOBor uenocpea- 1I0r 60paBKa. HconXOII;lIo jc na CC noneha npenncxa ca OCY~CIIHI~HMa, easynn.an.e H npenaja onehe, JICKOBa H OCTaJIUX HconxOII;IIHX CTBapu. Tpefiano 6H 11;3 TaKBa II;CJI3TIIOCT IIC 6YII;c ycxepena cano 113 OJI3Krn3B3lbC TCllIKC cYII;6uIIC 33TO'ICIIUK3 nero npCBaCXOII;1I0 113 noaoh y MOPaJIlIOM UC~CJIClby ocaxahenax nyma, IbUXOB 60JI je HCTOBPCMCIIU H 60JI B3C~CJIC M3jKC - QPKBC, H ona CC P311;yjc Hc6cCKOM panourhy 360i jeqnoi ipeuauuca «oju ce «aje (J1K. 15; 10). Ilpenopon ilYUIC6pH)KHHUITBa 0 3aTOLICHHl\HMa nocraje rJIaBHO ycaepen,e naCTHPCKOI' H MHcHoHapcKor ncnan.a, H norpeoaa cy My passoj H rrOAPUIKa.

Ilocefina MCP3 K3}K1b3Batb3 - CMpTII3 K33H3 - 6M3 je npHxB3hcII3 y CT3- POM 33BCTY. YK33HB3lba 1113 HY}KHOCT IbCIIor yKH)I;31b3 IIC Mory CC 113hH IIHTH Y CBCTOM UHCMY HOBor 3aBcn, IIHTH Y npCII;3lby H HCTOPHjCKOM 113CJIC~y UP3- BOCJI3BIIC QPKBC. YnopCII;O C THM, Ilpxsa]e 'ICCTO 113 cefie npHXB3TaJI3 063BCay 11;3 npcII; CBCTOBIIOM BJI311Ihy TP3}KH nOMMOB3lbC 33 OCY~CIIC 113 OBY K3311Y, 33XTCB3jyhH MHJIOCT H y6JI3}K3B3IbC K33HC. OCHM 'rora, xpHrnh311CKH MOPaJIIIU yTH~3j Oll;HcrOB30 jc y JhYII;CKOj CBCCTH IIcr3THB311 Oll;1I0C npCM3 CMpTlIoj K33HH. TaKO ce Oil cpennne 18. sexa rra AO PCBOJIYl\HjC 1905. cnpraa Ka3Ha Y Pycuja rrpHMClhUBaJIa H3Y3CTHO perxo. 3a rrpaBOCJIaBHY CBCCT, JbYACKH )!(uBOT CC HC OKOJILlaBa TCJIeCHOM orphy, H ynpaao 3601' rora ce flpaBOCJIaBHa Ilpxsa HC onpa-re AYUIC6pil)!(HHUITBa 0 OHHMa KOjH cY ocybena na najcrpoxcy Ka3Hy.

YKHII;3IbC CMPTIIC K33HC 1I;3jc BHllIC MoryhllocTH 33 n3CTHpCKH p311; C IIpccTynHH~HM3 H 33 IbHXOBO JIH'IHO noxajan,e. UOPCII; 'rora, O'IilfJICII;HO je )1.3 K3)1{lb3B3lbC CMphy HC MO)!(C HM3TH nOTpc6311 BaCIIHTHH 3H3'I3j; OHO CYII;CKY rpemxy 'IUHU HcnOnp3BJhUBOM U U333UB3 P33JIH'IHT3 OCCh31b3 Y uapony. UaHac cy MHorc II;p}KaBe 3aKOHOM YKuHYJIe CMpTlIY Ka3HY UJIHje 6ap HC OCTBapyjy y np3KCU. MM3jyhH H3 yMy 11;3 MUJIOCp~C npeua naJIOM 'IOBCKY YBCK HM3 npCII;HOCT Y Oll;1I0Cy 113 OCBCTY, QpKBa n0311;p3BJh3 T3KBC xopaxe II;p)!(aBIIHX BJIaCTH. Ynopeao C TUM, ona npasnaje 11;3 nnrau,e 0 yKHII;alby HJIII HCllPHMCIbllB3lbY CMPTHC K3311C II;PYlllTBO Mopa 11;3 peura CJI0601l;1I0, YJHM3jyhH 063Hp CT3lbC npcCTynHHrnTBa y IbCMY II cran-e npasnor H CYII;CKor CIICTCM3, 3 npe caera 33rnTHTY }KIIBOT3 lI;o6pOH3MCPHHX 'IJIaHOB3 II;pyrnTBa.

9. 4. )KCJICfiH na IIOMorHC Y IIpeBa3HJIa)!(ClhY rrpccTYIIHHUITBa, QpKB3 C3p3~yjC C npaBo6p3HHJIa'IKHM YCTaHoB3Ma. YBa}KaBajyhll pall; IbIlXOBHX CJIy}K6CHUK3, YCMCPCU na 3aUITHTY rpahana H oTal,l6HUC Oil 3JIOLlHHa'IKHX nacpraja a raxobe H na nonpann.au.e 3JIOLIHHal\a, UPKB3 HM npysca pyKy nOMOhH. TaKBa noxoh MO)!(e na ce OCTBapH nocpencraon pa3HOJIUKOr sacmrrnor H rrpocBCTIITCJbCKOr pana, ynpasn.enor na npodianaxraxy II npenynpeheu.e aapyurasan,a saxoua, xao II Kp03 nay-my II KyJITypHy ACJIaTHOCT II nacrnpCKY 6pHry 0 caMHM capamrauaua oprana aa o-ryaan,e noperxa. Capamsa lJ,PKBC II rrpaB06paHIIJIaLIKOr CHCTeMa rpaAH ce na OCHOBY l\PKBCHHX oApeA- 6H H crrCl\HjaJIHHX cnopaayxa C PYKOBOAcTBOM onrosapajyhax ycranosa.

MC~YTHM, y npenasunaacen.y npccTynHHrnTB3 113jll;CJIOTBOPHUjC je naCTUPCKO CJIY}KCIbC QPKBC, nocefiao y Cseroj Tajna nOK3j31b3. CB3KOMC, KOjU ce K3jC 360r lIapyrn3B31b3 3aKoH3, CBCllITCHUK je II;Y}K311 11;3, Y CBOjCTBY IICU3- 6C}KHOr YCJIOB3, OIl;JIy'IIIO npCII;JIO}KU lI;a ce npCII; JIH~CM EO}KUjUM OIl;PCKHC 3JIO'IUH3'IKC II;CJI3THOCTU. qOBCK he C3MO H3 raj Ha'IUH 6UTH nOll;CT3KHYT na H3nYCTU nyr 6C3aKOiba H na CC Bp3TH BPJIUIICKOM )!(UBOTY.

10. nHTAlbA JIH-qHOr, nOPO,Il;H-qHOr H ,Il;PYIIITBEHOr MOP AJIA

1().1. I>'U3m\K'U Me\)'j TIOnOBRM'U npel1,CT'UBlb'U TIOCCQ'UH. l1,ap, KO)R C'j lb'jl1,R A06HJIH OA csor Tsopua: 11 CLT160Pll Eoi uoeetca rIO otipas» CBojeMY, uo otipasy EOJICuje,w CiUBOPU ia; ,WYlllKO II JlCeliCKO CLI160pU UX (1. Mojc. 1; 27). E YAyh.1I na cy y HCTOM creneny HOCllOl\l1 ofipasa bO)!(Hjcr 11 JbYAcKor nocrojaacrsa, Mymxapau 11 )!(CHa cy CTBOPCH11 3aTO na 6H ce Y Jby6aB11 l\eJIOBHTO CjcA11H11JI11 jenno ca ApyrHM: Saiiu: he 'IOBeK ociuaeuiuu oua ceojeia U uaiuep CBOjy u iipuneiiuhe ce K »cenu ceojoi, U tiuhe aeoje [eauo iiieno (1. Mojc. 2; 24). BaI1JIOT11BllI11 rrpBo6HTHY BOJbY I'ocnonn.y 0 TBOPCB11U11, 6paLIH11 caBC3 KOj11 je

134

135

OH 6JIarOCnOBHo nocraje CPC):(CTBO I1POl\Y>KCTKa H yt-1Il0>KaBalha JhYACKOr pOLla: PalJajlue ce II suuncuiiu: ce, 1I uaiiyuuiue Je.lt/b)', 1I enaoaiiiu: fhO.lte (1. Mojc. I: 28). Ocooeaocru nonosa HC CBOAC ce cavo na pa3JUlKC y TCJICCHOj rpaba. Myiuxapau 11 >KCHa nojann.yjy ce xao ABa Ha'II1Ha nocrojan.a y jCLlHOj n.yncxoj I1pl1pOI\I1. I-bI1Ma jc HcorrXO/~HO OIIlIITClhC H ysajaano nonyn.anan.c. MC~YTI1M, Y nanon CBeTY 01\1I0CI1 MC~Y IIOJIOBHMa Mory na ce H30IJa'IC H /~a npecraay lIa 6y/:(y 113pa3 60rOMI\aHC Jby6aBH, 113POAI1BllII1 cc Y acnon.aaaa,e rpCllIIIC npucrpacnocrn nanora 'IOBCKa rrpCMa corrCTBCHOM "ja".

BHCOKO neneha rrOABHr Ao6pOBOJhllC ~CJIOMYAPCIIC 6C36paQHOCTH, IIpHxnahene paAH XpHCTa H EBaH~CJha H IIpH311ajyliH nocefiny yaory MOHalllTBa y CROjOj HCTOPHjIl H C3BPCMCHOM }J{HROTY, QpKn3 IIl1K3A3 HlIjC 6HJI3 HCM3P- 113 "PCM3 6paKY II oCy~lIn3JI3 jc OHC, KOjH cy H3 norpetuuo CXB3liCIIC TC}J{IhC K3 QHCTOTH YIIH}J{an3JIH (rrpC3pCJIH) 6paQll1l OAHOC.

Anocron Ilanne, KOjH je aa eerie H3a6pao ACBCTBeHOCT H n0311Bao I\PYrc na ra y TOMC nonpazcanajy (1. Kop. 7: 8), 11 nopen 'rora ocyhyjc nuueuepje .W.lIebI/Bmw. 'II/ja .Ie caeeciii ciianena, «oju Ja6pal-byjy .lICeHllITiIi ce (1. THM. 4; 2-3). Taxo 11 Sl . Anocroncxo rrpaBHno rnacn: "AKO CC HCKO ynan.yje Oil 6paxa ... a:1II HC 300r nonsnra Y3/1p>Kalha nero YCJICI\ mymalba, safiopaan.ajyha na je Eor CTBOPIlO xoaexa. na ra je CTBOPl10 xao MylliKO 11 }J{CHCKO, na raj Ha<iUIi xY:1II Il x.tesehe TBOpeBlIHY - TaKaB HCKa ce UJIH acnpana HJIlI HCKa 6Yl\e IB6a<ieli II3 cseurrenor 'lIma II 01\6a'IeH OA UpKBe." Hsera paasajajy I, 9. II 10. npasuno I'anrpcxor catiopa. "AKO HCKO KYl\1I6paK II rnyma ce nepne II 6J1arO'ICcTlIBC >KCHC, CjCAlIlhcHC ca lheHlIM MY}J{CM, II aKO je KYI\H xao OHY xoja He MO>Ke na yhe Y Ilapcrno (Boaorje), HCKa 6Y/lc nOA aHaTCMOM. AKO je HCKO ACBCTBCH U Y3AP}J{aH II aKO ce KJIOHH fipaxa 3aTO llITO ra ce ruyura a He paAlI cave KpaCOTC II CBCTUlhC ACBCTBCHOCTlI, HCKa 6YAC non aHaTCMOM. AKO CC IICKO OA I\CBCTBCHlIKa Bora pana 6YAC rrpCY3I10ClIO Hal\ OHlIMa UlTO cy CC cjcAlIHlInll 6paKOM, HCKa 6YLlc nOA anareuoa." Y OAJIYl:(u OA 28. ACI:(CM6pa 1998. r. CBCTII ClIHOA PYCKC rrpaBOCJIaBHC I:(PKBC yxasao je na "xenonycrnBOCT aerarasaor ann nanonaurraaajyhcr onnoca npeua 6paKY".

10.2. CarJIaCHO P"MCKOM npany. xoje npencrann.a OCHOBY rpabancxax KOAcKca y BchllHlI caupcnennx Ap>KaBa, 6paK je cnopasyv ABC crpane, CJIO- 60AHC Y CBOM H360py. UpKBa jc npuxnarnna OBO OAPC~ClbC ripaxa II OCMlIcnnna ra IIOJla3Chll 0A cneno-ren,a CBeTOr Ilncva.

PlIMCKlI npasnax MOACCTlIH (3. BCK) nao je cnenehe onpehen,e Gpaxa:

"Epax je caBC3 MyiliKapl:(a II >KCHC, aajennana xoja rpaje TOKOM 'I11TaBOr >K1IBOTa, caYQCCTBOBaH,C Y 60>KaHCKOM II JbYl:(CKOM npasy." Y npaKTWIHO HCrrpOMCH,CHOM oonaxy, OBO OAPCI)ClhC YUIJIO je 11 y KaHOHCKC 360pHI1KC TIpanocnasne UPKBC, a nocefino y "Honoxanon" narpnjapxa !l>OTlIja (9. BCK), Y

ClIHTarMY" Mareja Bnacrapa (14. BCK) II y "TIPOXUPOH" Bacannja Maxe.ionua (9. BCK). YKJbY'ICHO je II Y CJIOBCHCKY "Kopxrryjy KlhHry". Panoxpnurhancxa 01:(11 II Y'II1TCJbl1 UPKBC raxohe cy ce ocnan.ana na pUMcKe rtpenerase 0 6paKY. Taxo je Arauaropa y CBOjOj AIIOJIOruju uapy MapKY Aype.iajy (2. BCK) III1Cao: "CBaKI1 OA Hac CMaTpa CBOjOM OHY >KCHY, KOjOMjC OH no 3aKoHY O>KeH,elI." "ArrOCTonCKC OI\JIYKC" , cnOMCHUK U3 4. BCKa, caseryjy XPHurhaue Aa "cxnanajy Gpax y CKJIaAY ca 3aKoHoM".

Ilarancxe II craposaserue npencrase 0 6paKY xpmuhancrso je AorryHI1JIO Y3BUllICHI1M 11306pa>KClhCM casesa Xpncra 11 QPKBC: )KeHe, iioxopaBajlTie ce cBOjUM AtYJ/ce6u.lw «ao Tociioav. Jep je .HV.l/C l!laBa JlCeHII «ao uuuo je Focuoa Z!laBa flPKBlI, 1I OH je cuacuiuen. iuena. Ho, «ao iuiuo ce Llptcea ito«opaea Xpuciu», iiuuco U »ceue y cBeMY ceoiu« Aty.lICeBuMa. M),JlCeBU, eonuiue ceoie »ceue «ao tuiiio II Xpuciuoc JaBOJle flpKBY 1I Ce6e iipeiuu)« sa HJy. J1.a ie oceeiuu, O'lLICLTillBlUli je «puuiien.e» y eoou pe'tj),. J1.a je ciuaeu upeoa ce, C!laBHY flPKB)" «oja HeJHa MP!be HlI 6ope, 1I!l1l uiiiio iuowe cnuuno, ueio qa 6vge CBeiiia U neiiopouua. Taico cy gYJlCHli II .H\'JlCeBli oa BOJle ceoje »ceue «ao ceoja iuena, jep «oiu BO!lU CBOjy seen» caM02a ce6e BO,llI. Jep HliKO HlIf..'ag He O'\IPJHy ua ceoje iueno He20 ia xpaHU It ueiy]« «ao Focuoo llpicev. Jep C.11O vooeu iuena ibe20B02, oa Meca lbeioeoi U oq «ociuuiy Hseioeux. T 02a paou ociua- 6L1he 'IOBeK OIW ceojeia It uaiiiep u iipuneiiuhe ce JlCeHU CBOjOj, II 6llhe qeoje ieano iiieno. Taiua .Ie OBO eenutca, a ja 20BOPLIM 0 Xpuciuy u llpxeu. Taxo U BU, ceatcu aa BO!lll oHaKO CBOjy JlCeHV, «ao LI ce6e cauoia; a »ceua oa ce 60ju ceojeia .HYJlCa (Eqi 22-33).

3a xpnurhanc, fipax 1I1IjC casro jYPllAlI'IKU cnopasya, III1TlI cavo CPCACTBO sa rrpOAY>KeTaK BPCTC II 3aI\OBOJbaBaH,C np"BpCMCHUX npapommx norpefia Hero, npeua pC~II1Ma CB. JOBaHa 3JIaToycror, "rajna Jby6aBlI" II BeqHO cjeAHH,CH,C cynpyxoraxa jemtor C ApyrllM y Xpncry. TIpBo611THO cy xpanrhana norsphnnanll 6paK ~PKBCHlIM 6narOCJIOBOM II 3ajcAHlIQKllM y~IcllIheM y Esxapncrnja, a llITO jc rrpcI\CTaBJI,aJIO najcrapnjy CPOPMY caapnraaan,a CBCTC Tajne 6paKa.

"OHU, KOjU CC >KCHC II ynajy, Tpe6aJIO 611 na cryne y caBC3 y3 carnaCHOCT enacxona, KaKO 611 6paK 6110 y [OCl1Cmy, a HC pann noxyne", nncao je CBCliiTcHOMYQCHlIK Hrisarwje Eoronocau. Ilpeua TCpTYJIlIjaHY, "6paK xoja jc CKJIOrrllJIa UpKBa II nOTBp~cH je >KpTBOrrp"HOllIelhCM (esxapacrajon), 611- sa aanexahen 6JIarOCJIOBOM II aHrCJIH ra acnncyjy na Hc6cclIMa." "HeonxonHO je na ce n030BY CBCUITCHlI~11 II I\a ce MOJIlITBaMa U 6JIarOCJIOBlIMa cyrrpy>KHlI~lI YTBpAe y 3ajel\HlflIKoM >KlIBOTy ... KaKO 611 y panocrn nposonan» >K1IBOT, CjCAlIlhCHlI Y3 nouoh Eoxorjy", ronopao je CBCTlI J OBaH 3JIaToYCTlI. CBCTIl AMBpOClIjc MCAlIOJlaHCKlI rosopno je na "fipax Mopa 611TlI OCBClIlTaH CBelllTCHWIKUM rrOKpOBoM 11 6JIarOCJIOBOM".

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Y rrcpHO~1Y xpucrnjanasamrje pHMCKOr napcrsa, 3aKOHHTOCT 6paKa je, xao H pannje, norspbanana rpahancxa pemcrpaunja. Ocaeurraaajyha 6pa '!He caBC3C MOJ1HTBaMa H 6J1arOCJ10BOM, IJ,pKBa jc anax npnsnaaana seponocrojHOCT fipaxa CKJIOrrJbeHOr rro rpabancxov nopCTKY Y OlUlM CJIY'IajeBHMa, KaA je l\PKBCHH fipax 6HO HeMoryh, npn lIeMy cynpy)KIIHKC nnje H3JlaraJIa xaHOHCKHM aafipanana. Y canaunse npene, TaKBC npaxce npanpacasa ce H PyCKa rrpaBOCJ1aBHa upxsa. OHa npn TOM HC MO)KC na OA06pH H 6JIarOCJ10BH fipa-nre canese xoja, HaKO carnacnn C aKTHBHHM rpal)aHcKHM 3aKoHOnaBCTBOM, napyurasajy KaHOHCKe nponacc (na npHMcp 'ICTBPTll H CJ1CAehll 6paKOBll, fipax y HCAorrYUITcHHM crenennaa xpsnor HJm nyxosnor CpOnCTBa).

CarJ1aCIIO Jycranajanoaoj 74. HOBeJm, 6paK je Morao na CKJIOIIH KaKO eKAHK (npxaean 6eJle)KHllK, nucap), TaKO H CBCLlITeHHK. Cnnsrno npanano HaJ1a3HJIO ce II y eKJIOrH napa Jlana Tpeher H iscroaor CHHa KOHCTaHTHHa Ileror (740. r), a raxohe H y 3aKoHY BaCHJIHja Ilpsor (879. r). Hajaaaomjn YCJIOB 6paKa 6HJIa je yaajasma carnacnocr MYUIKapl\a H )KeHC, nornplyena npen caenounaa. IJ,pKBa nnje nporecrouana npOTHB TaKBC npaxce. T ex cy OA 893. r, carnacno 89. HOBeJII1 napa Jlana Illecror, cJI0601lHa JIHl\a rrOCTaJIa 06aBc3Ha na fipax CKJIOrre npena upxnenon otipeny. On 1095. r. l\ap AJICKcaje KOMHHH npaxreuno je OBO rrpaBHJIO H na p060Be. YBoljetbe 06aBe3Hor cxnanan,a 6paKa npesra upxseaou 06peAY (y nepHOAY OA 9. AO 11. B) 03HaqllJ10 je na ce no OT\.'IYl\11 Ap)KaBHe BJIaCTll uenoxynna npasna perynaunja 6palIHllx onnoca npenaje acxn.y-mao y jypllCAllKl\lljy U:pKBe. YocTaJIOM, CBeonurre ysobea,« re npaxce He 611 rpeoano CXBaTllTIl xao ycranoan.en.e CBere Tajne 6paKa, xoja je y U:PKBIl 0AYBeK nocrojana.

Ilopenax KOjll je YCTaHOBJbeH y Basanrnjn npnxaahen je II y PYClljH, a OAHOCIlO ce ua JII1l\a npaBOCJlaBHC aepoacnoaecrn. Mel)YTHM, C npaxsaratbeM Ilexpera 0 onaajarsy U:pKBe oA npxase (1918. 1'), cxnanaa.e fipaxa rrpeMa l\pKBeHOM 06peAY 611JIO je J1HUIeHO jypHAWIKC CHJIC. Bepyjyhuaa je ¢opMaJIHO AaTO npaso na IIpl1Me l\pKBeHI1 6JIaroCJIOB HaKOH peracrposan.a 6paxa y Ap)KaBHI1M OpraHI1Ma. I1naK, TOKOM nyror nepuona Ap)KaBHOr nporona peJII1I'l1je, cnyxea.e caexanor aensan,a y l\pKBI1 ¢aKTWIKI1 je 6l1JIO seoua reuuco 11 onacao.

CBeTI1 CI1HOA PYCKe IIpaBOCJIaBHe npxse je 28. Ael\eM6pa 1998. ca )KaJbetbeM npmrerao na "I1eKH AYXOBHI1l\11 npornauraaajy rpabaucxa fipax sa He3aKOHI1T I1JIll na saxreaajy na pacxnny 6paK OHI1 cynpyxnana, KOjH cy sajenno npOBeJ111 MHoro rOAI1Ha aJII1 3601' OBI1X I1JII1 OHI1X OKOJIIIOCTI1 Imcy 06aBI1J111 nerrran,e y xpaMy ... HeKI1 nacTl1pl1-AYXOBHI1l\11 HC AonYIlITajYAa ce npn'IeCTe OHa JII1I~a, xoja )KI1BC y 'HeBeHqaHOM' 6paKY, noacronehyjyhn TaKaB (ipax ca 6JIYAOM." Y 0AJIYl\11 xojy je CI1HOA AOHCO yxasyje ce na cnenehe:

"Hncacrnpajyha na HeorrxOJIHOCTI1 IIpKBeHOl' Gpaxa, IIaCTHpl1Ma cc HaIIOMlltbe l\a ce IJ,pKBa C nourrosan.ca Ol\HOCI1 npeua rpabancxov 6paKy."

JC)l.HHCTBO BCpC cynpyacaaxa, KOjH qHHC Y)l.OBC TCJIa XpHCToBor, npencranrsa HajBa)I(HHjH YCJIOB YHCTHHY xpamhancxor H upxseuor 6paKa. Casro OHa rrOpOAHI\a, xoja jc jCAllHCTBeHa y BepR, MO)Ke nOCTaTI1 oouaha uptcea (PI1M. 16~ 411 <PI1JIHIIJb. 1; 2), y KOjOj My)K 11 )KeHa, sajenno ca ACIIOM, yspacrajy y AYXOBHOM ycaapiuanan.y 11 fiorortoauatsy. OACYCTBO jeAHHOMI1CJIHja npCACTaBJba 036I1JbHY npertsy l\eJIOBI1TOCTI1 6pal!Hor canesa. Ynpaso 360r rora IJ,pKBa CMarpa sa CBOjy AY)J(HOCT na sepyjybe n030BC Aa crynajy y fipax caMO Y TOCClO9Y (I. Kop. 7; 39), rj. casto ca OIlllMa, KOjl1 AeJIe tbl1XOBa xpaurhancxa y6el)ctba.

Y ropenovenyroj OI\JlYl\11 Cneror canona TaKOl)C ce Ka)KC na ce U:pKBa C YBa)KaBaH,CM 0l\HOCH 11 rtpejra OHOM 6paKY, y xojeu cano jenna crpaua npnnana npanocnanuoj sepu, y CKJlal\Y ca pe'Il1Ma CBCTor arrOCTOJIa Ilasna: Heeepyjyhu AI)')/( ce iioceeiuu »ceuou, a sceua He6epyjyha ce iioceeiuu 6epyjyhu.M .«y»cesc (l. Kop. 7; 14). Ha raj TeKCT Cneror Ilncua rr0311BaJIll cy ce 11 OIW TpYJIcxor caoopa: OHI1 cy npnsaaaana aa 3aKOlll1T canes Mel)y JII1l\IlMa xoja cy ce, "6Yl\yhl1 jOUI Y nesepjy 11 nenpnfipojaua crany rrpaBOCJlaBHI1X, Mel)yc06Ho cjeAI1HllJIa 6pa'IHI1M caBe30M", YKOJII1KO ce xacnnjc jenan on cvnpyxoraxa oripa- 1'110 y Bepy (72. npananc). Mehynnr. y 1'0,\1 npaaany n y npyras: KaHOHCKI1M onpehen.aaa (4. BC 14, Jlaon. 10; 31), HCTO xao II y cnacnna npesnax xpaIlIhaHCKI1X nacaua II Oraua IJ,pKBe (Teprynajan, CB. Knnpnjaa Kaprarancxa, 6JIa)KeHI1 Te0f10PllT 11 6J1a)KeHI1 ABrYCTllH) aatipan.yje ce cxnanan,e opaxa 113- MC!)y npaBOCJIaBHllX 11 cnenrienaxa npyrnx peJII1rH03HllX rpanuunja.

Y CKJIa)l.Y ca )l.PCBHHM KaHOHCKHM npouncaaa, UpKBa HH nanac HC OCBCWTaBa BCllqaIbeM 6paKOBe CKJIOnJbeHe H3Me1)y npanocnaenux H nexpmnnaua. HaKO UX, HCTOBPCMCHO, npasnaje xao 3aKOHHTC H HC CMaTpa )l.a CC OIlH, KOjll Y u,HMa )l(HBC, HMa3C Y 6JIynHoM Ca)I(HBOTY. I1oJIa3ellH 0)1. pasnora lIaCTHpCKC llKOHOMlljc, PYCK3 npaBOCJIaBlI3 l\pKBa KaKO y npOlllJIOCTH TaKO H ,lI;aH3C CM3- rpa MoryhHM cxnanaise 6paKOBa H3MCI)y npaBOCJIaBIIHX xpamhana H pHMOKaTOJIHKa, qJIaHOBa )l.PCBHOHCTOqHHX upsasa H npOTCCTaHaTa KOjH HCllOBcnajy BCpy y Tpojenanor Bora, y3 YCJIOB)l.a 6paK 6JIarOCJIOBH I1paBOCJIaBHa upxsa H )l.a )l.cl\a 6y)l.y aacmrraaana y npasocnaauoj BCpH. TOKOM HCKOJIHKO nOCJICnU,IlX BCKOBa, TaKBC npaxce CC npll)l.p)l(aBajy y BcllHHH npaBOCJIaBHHX Ilpxana.

YKa30M Cseror CI1HOna OA 23. jyna 1721. r. 611JIO je, ya ropeuanenene YCJIOBC, IlonYUITeHO cxnanarse Opaxosa 113Mel)y IlIBenCKllX 3apo6JbeHI1Ka y CH611PY 11 rrpaBOCJIaBHI1X nesojaxa. Ha nan 18. aBrYCTa TC RCTe rOl\I1He nara 0AJIYKa CHHoAa je y nocerinoj CI1HoAaJIHoj rrOCJIaHlll\11 l\06HJIa ncnpnao 611- 6JII1jcKO H 60rOCJIOBCKO otipaanosceu,e. Ha ry nOCJIaHI1l\Y ce CBeTI1 CI1HOA II03I1Bao 11 xacnnje, npnnnxou peinanan.a rnrrarsa 0 cxnanan.y 6paKoBa y

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OHI1M ryocpnajana KOjC cy upacajenmsene on TIOJbCKe U q)UHCKe (YKa3U CBeTor CUHOAa U3 18m. U 1811. r), YoC'raJIOM, y TUM 06JWCTUMa je 6UITO nonyurreno CJI060AtIlIje onpebaaau,e KOHcpeCI10HaJ1He npI1IIaI~HOCTI1 ACI\e (nOHCKal~ je TaKBa npaxca 6l1BaJIa "powupeHa 11 aa npl16aJITWIKe ryfiepnaje). Ha j- 3aA, npamlJ1a aa MCIIlOBI1Te fipaxose sa ~eJ10KyIIHO PYCKO ~apCTBO 6l1Jla cy KOIIa'IIlO YTBp!)ClIa y YCTaBY l\YXOBHI1X KOII3UCTOpl1ja (1833). TIpl1MCp Me- 1II0Bl1TUX 6paKoBa 6l1JIl1 cy MHOrl1 AI1HaCTWIKI1 6pa'IHl1 CaBC311, a npl1J1UKOM ful1XOBOr cxnanan.a npCJIa3aK HerrpaBOCJ1aBHe crpane y npaBOCJ1aBHY scpy nuje 6110 otiascaan (I1CKJhY'lyjyhl1 6paK HaCJ1eAHI1Ka pycKor npeCTOJ1a). TaKO jc rrpeI10A06HOMY'leHl1IW BCJ1I1Ka xncraa,a JeJII1CaBeTa crynnna y Gpax ca BCJII1KI1M KHe30M Ceprejen AJIeKCaIIAPoBwIeM I1l1pl1 TOM OCTaJIa 'lJIaH CBOje eBaHreJII1CTWIKO-JIYTepaHCKe upxse, na 611 TCK xacanje, npena COIICTIleHOj CJIo60AIIOj BOJbl1, npeurna y TIpaBOCJ1aBJbe.

10. 3. UpKBa HnCHCTHpa na 1I,0JKHilOTnoj IlCpnOCTH cynpyzcunxa 11 na nepaCKHlI,l1BOCTH npaBOCJIaBnOr fipaxa, sacnnaajyha ce IIa pe'IIlMa r OCIlOAa Hcyca XpIICTa: GHO iuiiio je SOl caciuaeuo uoee« qa He paciuaen.a ... Ko OIUitvciitu »cenv ceoiv. oell.1f 311 lipe/hy6y, ita ce OJICeHIl gP),20AI, 'IUHIl apeJb)'6y; 1I 1(0 ct' O)I(t'Hli OIUCI\llUlIeHlIlw.lt. 'lllHll llpt'.'b~'6y (MT. 19; 6, 9). U,pKBa oCY9yie pa3BOJ xao rpex. jcp 011 Y3pOK\ie TeWKe nyurcnae narn,e H CyIIpy)l(HI1~I1Ma (11.111 Gap jCUHl)\1 OJ IbIlX) II ;[CUlI. Kpajrsc jc 3a6pllfuaBajyha caspexrena CI1- rvaunja. y KOjOj CC pasaonu scoxra Be.'1I1KI1 6poj 6paKOBa, noceono MC!)y MJIaUliMa. OHl) WTO ce noraha nocraje IICTI1HCKa rparennja JIWlHOCTI1 H napona,

r ocnon je xao jenann pa3J10r sa pa3BOA naseo npen.yoy, xoja CKpHaBH CBeTOCT opaxa 11 paCKI1Aa cases cynpyaonrrxe BepHOCTH. Y CJIY'IajeBI1Ma pa3- JIWII1TI1X KOHcpJII1KaTa Me!)y cynpy)l(HHI~I1Ma, IJ,pKBa csoj naCTl1pCKI1 sanaTaK BHAH y TOMe ua, KOpl1CTehl1 CBa ce611 cnojcrsena cpencrsa (noyxy, MOJII1- TIlY, y-reurhe y CB. Tajnava) ca-tysa l\eJIOBHTOCT 6paKa H cnpe-m pa3BOA. CBelliTeHOCJIY)l(HTeJI>11 cy raxohe n03BaHI1 na pasronapajy ca OHI1Ma llITO )l(eJIe na cryne y 6paK 11 Aa 11M rrpn TOM pasjacne Ba)l(HOCT 11 OArOBopHOCT xopaxa KOjl1 npenysuuajy.

Ha )l(aJIOCT, IIOHeKaA ce I1CIIOCTaBJba na cynpy)l(HI1l\11 YCJIeA rpexosnor necauputencrna nncy y cran.y na 3al~p)l(C 6JIarOAanIll nap xoja cy rrpllMHJIH y Cneroj TajHI1 fipaica 11 na O'IYBajy jeAI1HcTBO nOpOAI1I~e. )KeJIehH na mace rpeWHI1Ke, IJ,pKBa 11M ovoryhyje na CC nonpase 11 cnpextna je na 11M, nOCJIe noxajan,a, I\OIIycTn na npucrync CBeTI1M Tajnana.

Ilonecnu cafiop PYCKC "paBOCJlaBnC IIPKBC je 1918. r. y "OIl,JIYKaMa 0 pa3JI03llMa paCKlllI,alha 6pa'illor caacsa xoja jc OCBemTaJIa UpKBa" y cnojCTBY TllX pa3JIOra HaBCO npcn.ytiy, crynan,e jeane 011, crpana y nOBH 6paK, a raxohe II uruaaauc cynpyra llJII1 cynpyre 011, Ilpauocaann,a, uporasupapon-

He nopoxe, necnocofinocr sa 6pa'lIHI JKHBOT xoja jc IIaCTynl1:Ia npc opaKa 11.111 ce IIojaBI1JIa xao I1CXO).l, naMep"or caMocaKaliclha, 60JIOBalbe 0)], rytie 11.111 CUCpIIJIllCa, nyro O)],CYCTBOBaIhC 11 ucjaan.aa,c, ocy)],y II Ka3nl"OBe3aHY C .unuanan.en CIlHX CROjllllCKI1X npaBa, uacpraj ua JKUBOT liJIlI 3).1,panJhC cynpyiKlIUKa UJIU iJ,cI~e, CBOiJ,lIlnUTBO, 113BJIa'lClhC KOPUCTlI U3 pa3RpaTa CY"PYJKIIIIxa, neaanexaay TCWKY nyurenny OOoTICCT II snouasicpno uanyurran.e jcnuor cynpyJKlIl1Ka 0)], crpaue npyror, Y nanaum,e BpCMC, 'ra JIlICTa OCIIOBa aa pacKII;J,albe 6paKa ).I,OIlYIhClla jc II TaKBIIM pa3JI03UMa xao UITO jc 60JIOBalhC Oil, CHUE, MC)],ltIlIlIICKU nOTBp~CII XpOIIII'IIHI aJIKOXOJIU3aM UJIII napKoMallllja II JKenllll afiopryc OC3 camaCIIOCTII MyJKa.

Y 1l,11JI>y nvxonnor sacmrran,a cynpyzomxa 11 nonohn npn YKPCIlJI>CfuY 6pa'IHI1X BC3a, CBCllITeHHI\11 CC Il03I1Bajy ua y paarosopy, KOjH nperxonn caspmanan.y CBeTe Tajne 6paKa, I1C~PIIIIO paajacne )l(eHHKY 11 HeBCCTIl nnejy lIepaCKHAHBOCTI1 6pa'IIIor cascaa. IIOABJIa'IeftU Aa pa3BOA, xao xpajn.a Mepa, \IO)l(e I1MaTI1 MeCTa cauo y OHHM CJIy'wjeBI1Ma KaA cy cynpy)I(Hl11\11 I10'IlIHI1- .111 OBa ACJIa, xoja U,pKBa HaBO)\H xao nOBOAc aa pa3B01\. CarJIaCHOCT na pacKI1/~aJbe I[PKBCIIOI' fipaxa ne MO)l(C ce ~\aBaTH cave 3aTO na 6H CC YAOBOJI>IIJIO npOXTeBI1Ma I1JII1 na 611 ce TI1Me "noTBp/l110" rpa!)aHCKI1 pa380/\. YocTaJIOM, YKOJIllKO je pacnan 6paKa cspmena 'IHlhCHI111,a, a oc0611'1"0 y CJIY'Iajy Aa cyllpy)J(HI1~11 )l(I1BC OABOjCBO 11 na ce BaCIIOCTaBJhaILe rrOpOUHI[C cnarpa HCMOryhHM, na OCHOBY IIaCTl1pCKOr cnncxoben.a nonyurra ce ll,PKBCIIII pa3BoA·l.J,PKBa IIH lIajMalhc He nO).l,CTH'Ie II,pyrll 6paK. 1I nopen 'rora, uaxou 3aKOIIHTor upxaeaor paanona, a carnacno C KaliOIlCKHM upanoa, 1I,0nYlUTa cc II,pyrl1 6paK cynpyJKlIl1Ky KOjH IIC CIIOCH KPllBHIIY sa pa3BO)],. JIlluHMa, 'IHjlf CC 6paK pacnao H 6110 pacxuuyr IbHXOBOM KPIfBHIIOM, crynarse y ).I,pyl'l1 6paK ).I,OIlYIUTa CC caun Y3 YCJIOB noxajan.a II ncnyn.en,a CIII1THMl1je, naJIOJKeHC y CKJIall,y C KanonCKllM npannmeta, Y onHM I1CKJhY'IIlBHM CJlY'JajeBHMa, xana ce nonyWTa H rpeha 6paK, carnacso npaaanaxa CB. Bacannja BeJIHKOr nponyzcasa ce BpCMe CIlIlTHMHJe.

Y OAJIYI\11 OA 28. Ae~cM6pa 1998, CBeTI1 CHHOA PYCKC rrpaBOCJIaBHe ~pKBe OCYI\110 je nocrynxe OHHX AyxoBHHKa KOjl1 "CBOjHM AYXOBHI1M 'IeAHMa saripau.yjy Aa crync Y APYl'll 6paK na OCIIOBY Tora WTO IJ,pKBa HaBOAHO ocytyje APyrH 6paK. TI1 AyXOBHI1~H 6pa'II!I1M l1apOBI1Ma satipan.yjy pa3BOA H y OHI1M CJIY'IajcBI1Ma xana 36m OBI1X IIJII1 OHI1X OKOJIHOCTI1 IlOPOAWIHI1 )l(I1BOT IIOCTaHe neuoryb aa cynpY)l(HI1KC." TIpl1 TOM je CBeTI1 CIlHOIl OAJIY'Il10 na "onovene nacrnpe na cc TIpaBOCJIaBHa IJ,pKBa y CBOM OAHOCY npcva APyroM 6paKY PYKOBOI\I1 pe'Il1Ma anocrona Ilasna: Jew JIll ce iipueesao sa sceuv? He UipaJICIl qa ce paJgpellllllll. Jew .!1lI cc oqpeiuuo oa scene? He lllPWlfli JlCeH)'. AKO JllI CC II oscentuu, HliCIi caipeiuuo; II oeeoy:a aKO cc yqa. uuie caipeuut-

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na ... )K.eHa je iipueesaua 3aKOHOM sa epeue gOK joj JlCU611 MYJIC. AKO nu joj MY.)/( yupe, cnotioana je sa KOZa xohe ga ce yga, caMO y Focuoay (1. Kop. 7; 27-28,39).

10.4. Ilocetina ynyrpaunsa 6JIliCKOCT noponnue II UpKBe orarnenna je seh 113 rora, IlITO XPliCTOC Y CBeToM IlllCMY <reCTO 0 Ce611 rosopa xao 0 )!(eHllKY (MT. 9; 15 II 25; 1-13); JIK. 12; 35-36), J\OK ce UpKBa 11306pa)!(aBa y cBOjCTBY Hieroae )!(eHe II HeBeCTe (Erp. 5; 24 II OTKp. 21; 9). Csera KJIllMeHT Anexcannpnjcxa Ha311Ba I10POJ\1lIJ,y, xao II UpKBY, J\OMOM Focnomsav, J\OK csera J OBaH 3rraToycTli noponauy llMeHyje xao "MaJIY ~PKBY". "Pehn hy jOIlI II TO", name osaj csera OTa~, "na je 6paK TajaHcTBeHO 11306pa)!(elbe UpKBe". )J,oMahy upxay oripasyjy MyllIKapa~ II )!(eHa xoja BOJIe jeJ\HO npyro, cjeAlilbeHll y fipaxy II crpeaehn xa XPliCTY. TIJIOA lbliXOBe Jby6aBli II aajennaue 611Bajy neua, 'Illje je pahan.e II sacnaraise, npeaa rrpaBOCJIaBHOM y-reIbY, jenan OA aajaasorajnx uan.esa 6paKa.

Hacnebe Focuoone cy CllH0611, uaipaoa og lbeia - iillog yllip06e, ycKJIliKHyo je Ilcanxonojau (Ilc. 126; 3). 0 crraCOHOCHOM xapaxrepy pahan.a neue yxao je II arrOCTOJI IlaBJIe (1. TliM. 2; 15). OH je rr0311Bao osene: 11 6U, OHU, He pa3gpaJICyjfi1e geHY C60jy, ueio llX iioquscuiiie y eaciiuiiuuey U HaYIW Tociioau-o] (Ed» 6; 4). "Ileua HliCY cnyuajan A0611TaK, II Mll onronapano aa IbliXOBO cnaceise ... Heopnra 0 Ae~H je aajseha OA CBllX rpexosa, H OH AOBOAH J\O xpajrser 6e360)!(HllIIITBa ... 3a Hac HeMa onpaanan.a, YKOJIliKO cy HaM neua paCKaJIaIIIHa" , noysaaa CB. JOBaH 3rraTOYCTlI. Ilpenonooan J ecppeM CHpnjcxa Ka)!(e: "Enaxea je onaj, KOjH 60royrOJ\HO BaCIIHTaBa CBOjy neuy." "I1CTllHCKH OTa~ naje onaj KOjH je POAHO Hero onaj KOjH je sacrnrrao II AO- 6po noyxao", rosopao je CB. THXOH 3aAOHCKH. "POAHTeJbY cy y najsehoj MepH onronopun aa BaCIIHTalbC csoje neue H KpHBH~y aa lbliXOBO pbaso sacmrraise He Mory na npanaury HHKOMe J\pyroM OCHM caMHMa ce611", rrporrosenao je CBeIIITeHoMy'reHllK BJIaAHMHp, MliTpOrrOJIliT KlljeBCKli. Il OIUlUyj OIW ceojeia U »aiuep C60jy, ga 6u ce {lpogYJICUIlU aanu IU60jU ua 3eMJbU, rnaca nera 3arrOBeCT (2. Mojc. 20; 12). Y CTaPOM 3aBeTY ce HerrOIIITOBalbe POAllrersa CMaTpaJIO sa aajresoi npecryn (B. 2. Mojc. 21; 15, 17 H Ilptrte COJI. 20; 20 H 30; 17). HOBH 3aBeT TaKO~e noy-raaa neuy Aa C Jby6aBJby 6YAY nocnynma ponaren.ava: Ileuo, cnytuaiiiie poouiueae ceoje y c6eMy, jep je 060 YZOgHO Fociioay (KoJI. 3; 20).

Kao AOMaha npxaa, noponana je jemnrcraen oprannaan Lflljli <IJ1aHOBli )!(liBe H rpane csoje onnoce na OCHOBY 3aKOHa Jby6aBli. I1CKYCTBO nopomorHOI' onurren,a yLfli LfOBeKa J\a npesaaahe rpexosna erOH3aM II na nocrasa OCHOBe snpaaoj JIHLfHOCTli. Ynpaso ce Y noponnua, xao y IlIKOJIli rr(60)!(HOCTH, yoonn-ryje II CHa)!(Ji npasanaa OJ\HOC rrpeua 6JIll)!(lbliMa a TO 3HaYli II

npeua CBOM HapOJ\Y H npena APYIlITBY y ~eJIllHH. )l(HBO HaCJIe~HBaH,e lIOKO.ten,a, xoje nouaa,e y lIOpOJ\H~ll, 3aJ\06Hja CBOj lIPoAY)!(CTaK y Jby6aBH npe~!a npeunaa H oranriann, y ocehan.y lIplilIal1HOCTH acropnjn. 360r rora je

TOJIliKO OlIaCHO xanau.e sesa pOJ\HTeJba II neue xoje, na )!(aJIOCT, y BCJIliKOj ~lepll nornosrazce Ha'Il1H )!(llBOTa caapenenor npyurrna. YMalbelbe connjanHOI' ana-raja O<IllIICTBa U MaTepllHCTBa y nopebcn.y c ycnecaaa MyIIIKapa~a U IKeHa y nporpecnonaxaoj 06JIaCTII, J\OBOJ\II 110 rora na ce na I1C~y lIO'!HIbC rnenara xao na HelIOTpe6HO 6peMe. TaKBa cnryanaja lIOTlIOMa)!(C oryhcn.y II pasnajan.y aHTarOHl13Ma Me~y lIOKOJIeIbIiMa. Y nora noponane y !jJ0PMUpalby JIUqHOCTU je UCKJbyqUBa U Iby HC Mory )],a 3aMCHC )],pyrc cOlI,ujaJIIIC HHCTUTYUujC. Kll)],albC nopO)],HqHUX BC3a HY)!(1I0 [e 1I0BC3aHO ca uapymanaIbCM pasaoja )],CTCTa H OCTaBJha )],y60K U, Y H3BCCIIOj MCPU, IICU36puCHB neqaT na qUTaB rseron 1I0TOIbU mUBOT.

JeAHa OA uajaehnx necpeha canpesieaor I1PYIIITBa je Cl1pOTaHCTBO rropen )!(I1BI1X pOAI1TeJba. Ha XI1Jhal1e 0J\6a<reHe neue xoja ucnyrsasajy CI1POTI1- una, a nonexan aaspnranajy 11 na YJIllll,ll CBeI10'Ie 0 lIy6oKOj HC3I1paBocTI1I1PYWTBa. Yxasyjyha raxsoj l1e~u I1YXOBHY U MaTepujaJIHY nonoh 11 YKJby<ryjyhH If X y J\YXOBlIH If cO~lIjaJIHU )!(UBOT, UpKBa uCToBpeMeHo CBOjy najsasomjy IIY)!(HOCT BUi'lU Y janan.y noponaue li y ocseurhaaan.y POI1UTeJba y norneny IbUXOBor npnaasa, WTO 6u ncxrsyxano .rparennjy 0116aqeHOr nerera.

10.5. Y npexpmuhaacxoa cBeTY, nocrojana je npencrasa 0 )!(eHU xao 0 ouhy xoje je Hli)!(e y nopeheu.y ca MylUKap~eM. UpKBa Xpncrona je y CBOj I1YHOTU pasorxpana nocrojancrao H npaaas )!(eHe, AaiyhH HM Ay6oKO peJIHrajcxo oopasnoxes,e, <!Hjl1 je spxynau nourroaan.e Ilpecsere Boroponaue, Ilpejra rrpaBOCJIaBHOM Y'IelbY, 6JIar0l1aTHa Mapnja, 6JIarOCJIOBeHa Me~y )!(eHaMa (J1K. 1; 28), npojasana je HajBHIlIH creneu MOpaJIHe tIHcTOTe, nyxoniror caBpIIIeHcTBa 11 CBeTOCTU 110 xojer MO)!(e na 110~e JbYI1CKa npapona II xoja npeBa3HJIa311 nocrojaucrao aHreJICKliX tIHHOBa. Y lbeHoM naxy OCBelUTaBa ce MaTepllHcTBO li vrsphyje Ba)!(HOCT )!(eHCKOr Ha'IeJIa. Y3 ynenrhe Majxe Eoxaje caapiuasa ce rajna Eorosannohen,a: caMHM TliM OHa nocraje npayaCHa J\eJIY cnacen.a li npenopoheu.a JbYACKor pona, UpKBa BHCOKO nourryje eBaH~eJICKC )!(eHe - MlipOHocu~e, a TaKO~e H MHor06pojHe xpnurhanxe xoje cy ce npOCJIaBliJIe n0l1Bli3HMa MyqeHHIIITBa, llcnOBeJ\HI1IIITBa H npasenHOCTli. 011 castor rrO'ICTKa nocrojan.a xpHIIIhaHCKe sajennaue, )!(eHa J\eJIaTHO Y'IeCTByje y lbeHOM yCTpOjCTBy, y JIHTyprHjcKoM )!(liBOTY, y MHCI10HapClbY, npOIIOBeAHHIIITBY, nacnaran.y 11 J\06pOtIIIHcTBliMa.

BUCOKO oucu,yjyliu )],PYIUTBCHY ynory )!(CHa U n03)]'paBJhajyliu IbHXOBY 1I0JIUTUqKY, KyJITypny H couujaJIHy paanonpasnocr C MymKapuuMa, Ilpxna CC UCTOBpCMcno cynporcraan-a TCJKIbH sa YMalbclbCM ynore mCHC xao cy-

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npyrc H MajKC. «Ilyll~aMCIITaJIlla jC~lIaKoCT y nocrojaucray 1I0.10Ba IIC yKl1~a IbHXOBC npHpO~IIC pa3JIHKC H IIC 0311aqaHa HCTOHCTHOCT IbHXOHHX IIpH3HHa y IIOpO~HIIH H ~pyIlITHy. UpKBa lIC MO)KC na npl1CTaHC na HCKpl1BJhCnO TYMa'ICIbC PC'II1 anOCTOJIa Flanna 0 IIOCCOIlOj Ol\rOBOpHOCTII MY)Ka, xoju je npn- 3BaH na oy/\e 2~j7a8a »ceuu xojy JhYOII xao IIlTO XPIICTOC Jl>YOII CBOjy UpKBY. a raxohc 11 () nplI311BY )Kcnc na cc IIOT'I111!11 MY)KY, xao IlITO CC UpKBa IIOT'IlIn.aea XPIICTY (II. E(p. 5; 22 23 II Ken. 3: 18). Y TI1M pe'IHMa ce, HapaBlIo, HC rosopa 0 l\eCIIOTI13MY MY)Ka I1JII1 0 nopoon.anan.y xceue, nero 0 npeencmy Y Ol\rOBOpnOCTI1, Opl1311 11 JhyoaBI1. Hero TaKO, HC 011 TpeOaJIO 3aoOpaBlITI1 /\a cy CRI1 xptuuhana IIpl13BaHI1 na ce iioxopaeaiy ieqnu gPy211.IW y ciupax» DOJlCUieM (Erp . .'i; 21). I1pCMa TOMe, HUcUlI je .UY)lf 6e3 )ICeHe uuiuu »ceua 6e3Jl),. »ca; jep «ao UlIUO je »ceua oq .I1Y.1I((I, iiuuco je II MY.JIC Kp03 .JlCeHY a C8e je og Eoia (1. Kop. II; 11-12).

I1pel\CTaBHI1~11 HCKIIX l\PYIIITBCHI1X crpyja CKJIOIiII cy l\a yvan.yjy, a IIOHCKal\ 11 na CaCRI1M Ol\PWIY ana-raj ripaxa II nopo/\I1I\e, noxnan.ajyha rJlaBlIY na)KlbY /\pYIUTReHo 3H(l'rajlIuM l\CJlaTIlOCTIIMa )KCHe, u3Mei)y OCTaJI01' H OlIUMa, xoje cy caCBUM HCCIIOjl1BC UJlU BpJlO MaJlO cnojane ca caMOM )KCHCKOM npUpOI\OM (ua npnvep, pan xoja 3aXTCBa BCJII1KII CPII311'1KU uanop). LICCTO ce qyjy n03UBI1 na BCIlITa'IKO najenna-raaan,e yuentha )KeHa U MyIIlKapa~a y cnaxoj crpepa JhYIl,CKC I\CJIaTHOCTU. UpKBa IIC cvarpa na ce Ha3Ha'ICIhe )KeHe cacroja y jel\HOCTaBHoM nonpaxcaaaa.y MYlJlKapI\a UJlU y Hal\MCTalhY ca lbUM, nero y paaanjaa.y CBI1X IhCHUX cnoc06HoCTU KOjC cy joj naposane 01\ I'ocnoI\a, na CaMI1M TI1M 11 Olll1X xoje cy cnojcrnene cauo IhCHOj npUpOI\H. He CTaBJhajyftl1 axuenar cauo na CI1CTeM pacnonene l\pYUlTBeHl1x cpynKI\uja, xpnnrhancxa anrpononornja naje )Kelll1 /\aJlCKO Y3BUIIIClII1jC MCCTO 0/\ onora xaKBO joj nonen.yjy canpenene, HepCJlHrU03HC IIpc/\CTaBc. lI.PKBCIIOM paaynenan.y HHjC cnojcrsena TC)Klba na cc nonnurre HJIII na cc CBC~y IIa MIIHHMyM IIPl1pO~HC II0~CJIC Y npyurrnenoj crpepn. nOJlHC pa3JIIIKC, CJIII'IHO counjanIII1M II CTHHQKUM pa3JIIIKaMa, IIC OTC)KaBajy npacryn xa cnaceu-y, KOjC je XPI1CTOC naponao CBIIM JbYI\IIMa: Heua eutue Jyoeia uu lenuua, HeM a euiue potia uu cnotioauoia, ueua 611111e JllYllIKOZ HII }lfeHCKOZ, jep Clue C611 BII jeaan ('106eK) y Xpuciu» l1cycy (faJl.3;28). MCi)YTUM, ra COTI1PUOJlOIlIKa rnpnu,a lie 3Ha'II1 BCUITa'IKO ocapouamen.e lliYI\CKC pa3HOJIUKOCTI1 11 He on rpefiano na cc MCXaHI1'IKI1 npenocn aa CBC /WYIlITBCIIC onuoce.

10. 6. BpJIIIHa IICJIOMy~pcllocTH, xojy nponosena UpKBa, npcncrann.a TCMCJh yllyTpallllbcr jCI\J1IICTBa QOBCQHje JIHQIlOCTI1, xoja rpefia na )KnBI1 Y cran.y carJlaCHOCTI1 I\YIlIeBHUX U TCJICCIII1X CUJla. hJlYI\ HCMUHOBHO napyuraaa xapvonnjy n ~eJlOBUTOCT -ronc-mjcr )KUBOTa I1l1aHOCU BeJlUKY IIITCTY I1,CrOB OM I(YX()IIIIOM 3l\paBJl,Y. Y CJIC/\ pa'3BpaTa orynn.yje I\YXOBIIO speu,e U

\ .rspmsana cpue, nocrajyhn HCCllOCOOHO aa UCTUIICKY JhyoaB. Pa3BpaTHI1KY 1I0CTajc nenocrynna cpeha ooraTor nOpOI\II'1110r )KUBOTa. Ha raj Ha'IHII, rpex npOTI1B ~CJIOMy~pCIIOCTH noanasn sa COOOM II nerarnnne cOlIHjaJIHC nOCJIC.iuue. Y YCJIOBUMa /\YXOBHC KplI3C JbYI\CKOr l(pYllITBa CpC/(CTBa MaCOBHor HHrpopMI1Calba 11 IlP0l13BOl\I1 TlR. MaCOBHC KyJITypc 'ICCTO nocrajy opyba MOpa.nrc I1CKBapeHOCTll, 0Yl\yftH na BeJIWrajy U Y31(H)KY 1I0JlHY pa3Y3l\aHOCT, CBe xroryhe rrOJlHC 1I30rra'ICIIOCTU U npyre rpeumc CTpaCTU. Ilopnorpadinja, KOja npC~CTaBJha cxcnnoarannjy nonnor narona ca KOMcp~ujaJIIIHM, nOJIIITH'II\IIM HJII1 I1~COJIOIUKI1M ~I1JbeBIIMa IIOTIIOMa)KC cy30l1jalby nyxonnor H MOpa.ll10r uaxena H caMHM TUM QOBCKa CBO~U na III1BO )KUHOTl1lbC, xoja ce pyI\OBO~11 caan CBOjUM II11CTI1HKTOM •

Ilponaranna nopoxa lIallOCI1 nocefiny IIITCTY KOJIeOJbUBI1M ~ylUaMa ~CIIC H OMJIa~IIHC. Y Klbl11'aMa, CPUJlMOBUMa 11 ocranoj BI1I\eOrrpOl\YKl\l1jl1, y cpenCTBUMa MaCOBHor I1HcpopMucalha a raxohe U y HeKI1M 06pa30BIIlIM nporpa\lHMa, OMJlal\UHI1 ce 'ICCTO cyrcpuwc OHa npencrana 0 II0JIHlIM O)(I10CUMa xoja je xpajn.e 1I0HI1)KaBajyfta sa Jl,YI\CKO I(OerojaHcTBo, 6YllyftU na y n.oj HCxra MeCTa aa nO]MOBe l\eJlOMYl\peHOCTI1, CYllPY)KHWIKC BepHOCTI1 U cajrortoiKpTBOBalIC lliy6aBI1. l1HTI1MHI1 OI\HOCI1 MyllIKap~a 11 )KeHC He casro na ce 06- nazcyjy 11 ornopeno rtpnxaayjy, spehajyha npaponno occhan.e crnna, Hero CC npencrann.ajy U xao '1UH 'II1CTO TeJIeCHOr 3aI\OBOlliCTBa. nenoseaan ca IIYt)OKI1M yayrpaunsnu aajenanurrsosr ILll1 ca 611.10 KaKBI!\! \Wpa.ll!1!\! 06aBC- 3aMa. UpKBa rr0311Ba sepyjyhe na ce, y capamsn ca CBI!\! xiopa.uto 3JpaBmt cnaraua, 60pc IIpOTI1B umpeu,a TC i)aBOJICKe Ca6Jla3HlI xoja, IIOTIIOMa)KyftU pacnan rrOpOI\I111,e, nonpnsa U TeMeJbe I\pYIIITBa.

Ceaicu «oju iioi !!ega ua icenv ca »cen.o,« sa !bOM, eeii je )"llIHIIO iipelby- 61' ca HJO.1t y cpuy C60.lte, Ka)KC Focnon Hcyc y Eecenn na ropn (MT. 5; 28). IKeIbCl, saiupyoueeiuu, paf)a ipex, a ipex y'lllHJeH paha OtPIU, YI!()30paBa anoCTOJI JaKoB (JaK. L 5). D.1ygHlIILll ... Helie nacneauiuu llapciiieo DOJICuje, TBPUU aIIOCTOJI TIaBJle (1. Kop. 6; 9-10). Te pe'll! cc y "YHOj MCpU Ol\HOCe KaKO aa norpoura-re, TaKO, 11 jOIII BUIIIe, U na cTBapaOI\C nopnorpaqicxe rrpOI\YK- 1\l1jC. Ha OBC npyre ce 1>1Ory rrpUMeHI1TI1 U CJIC/\CftC XPUCTOBC PC'I1I: Koiu ca6Aa3HU jegHo2a or; 0611X .11(l.lIIX «o]u eepviy v Meue, 60Jbe 611 My 6UAO oa ce otiecu KaJl1eH 6ogeHII'IHII 0 epaiii !be206 II qa itoiiioue y r;y611HY MOPCKY ... iueIllKO '106eKY OHOJW, Kp03 KOla r;0Jl(1311 Ca6.f1a3aH (MT. 18: 6-7). "nJIYI\ je OTPOB soja YMpTBlliyje nymy ... onaj, KOjU 6JlYI\HWII1, OI\PWIC ce XpUCTa", noynasao je CBeTI1 TI1XOH 3aI\OHcKI1. CBeTI1 D,I1MUTpl1jC POCTOBCKU je nucao: "Te.rIO CBaKOl' xpmuhannna uaje IberOBO nero XPI1CTOBO, carnacno pe'1I1Ma 1111- CMa: Eu Clue IUe.flO XPIiClUOBO II yg0811 iiouaocoti (1. Kop. 12; 27). He I\OJlUxyje TU I~a TeJlO XPI1CTOBO cxpnasaiu TeJIeCIIUM 11 cnanocrpacnm« I\CJlUMa,

144

OCllM 3aKOHllTOr cynpyxomurrna. Tn ca nOM Xpncros, npena pC'IllMa anoCTOJIa: Xpas: Boscuju je CBeIU, a IUO Clue BU (1. Kop. 3; 17)." JLpeBHa UpKBa jc y cnllCllMa csojax Orana 11 Y'IllTeJba (xao lIITO cY KJIllMeHT AJIeKCaH):1pl1jCKI1, Fparopnje 113 Hnce II CB. Jonan 3JIaTOYCTll) IICnOKOJIc611BO ocyhnaana IICnOJIl1'lHC n030pl1Il111C Cll,CHC 11 JII1KOBHC llpC)(CTaBc. TIOA IIPCTH,OM OAJIY'ICH,a OA UpKBe, 10l)' npaBI1JIO TpYJICKOr cafiopa saripan.yje 113paAY "CJII1Ka KOje xsape yM II nOnCTll'IY pacnnaacanan,e HC'IllCTllX crpacrn".

'Ioae-mje TCJIO jc npexpacna TBOpCBI1Ha bO)Kllja 11 npcnonpeheno jc na nOCTalIC xpasr Ilyxa CBCHwa (B. 1. Kop. 6; 19-20). Ocy~yjyhll. nopnorparpajy H 6JIYII" QpKBa lIunOUITO IIC 1I03HBa ua ruyuraa.e Hall, TeJIOM H 1I0JIHOM OJIII.CKOUIhy xao TaKBOM, jcp cy TCJIeCIIII. OIl,HOCH MYUIKaplla H JKCIIC 011, nora OJ13- rOCJIOBellH y opaKY, rne OHH nocrajy H3BOP IIpoAYJKeTKa JbYAcKor pona II. H3- paaanajy lIeJIOMYII,peHY JbyoaB, 1I0JIII0 3aje/l,HII.IIITBO H "jeIl,II.HOMHCJIHje lI,yma II. TeJIa" CYllpYJKIIUKa, sa xoje ce QpKBa MOJIH y qll.llY 6paqHOr aenxaa,a. HanpoTHB, ocYll,y 3aCJlYJKyjc npcTBapalhe TII.X qIl.CTII.X H, 110 3aMHCJIH nOJKII.joj, /l,OJIHqHHX 01l,1I0Ca, a TaKO~C H caxor JhYII,CKOr TCJla y npemter nouaacanajyhc excnnoarausje II. rpronnue, npell,o/l,pc~eH sa nOCTII.3alhC erOHCTII.qIlC, 6C3JlHqHe II. 1I.30naqCIIC HaCJIaIl,C, JIHUICHe JhyoaBII.. JIJ Tor paanora, QpKBa OIl,JIyqHO ocy~yje npocraryunjy H nponoscnaa,e 1'3B. CJIOOO/l,He JbyoaBII., xoja y nomyHOCTH pasnaaja TCJICCIlY OJIHCKOCT 0)1, JlHqllOCIIOr H )1,YXOBlIor 3ajC/I,III1.IIITBa, 0)1, 1I0JKpTBOBalha H lIeJIOBHTC O/l,roBOPIIOCTH jCII,HOr sa /l,pyro, a UITO ce MOJKC OCTBapHTH jell,HHO nOCpC/I,CTBOM /l,OJKHBOTHe opaqllC BcpnOCTH.

Cxsarajyhn na IlIKOJIa, 3ajC,!\HO ca noponauojr, Mopa ,!\a npY)Kll ,!\CI\H II OMJIa,!\llIlll casaan,a 0 O):1HOCIIMa MCl)y IIOJIOBllMa 11 0 'IOBCKOBOj TCJIeCHoj npaponu, UpKBa HC MO)KC ,!\a nO):1p)Kll one nporpave "cexcyannor BaCIII1TaI-ba" xoja npC):16pa'IHC O,!\HOCC npaxsarajy xao IIOPMY, a YTO!IHKO npc OHC, KOjH npaxsarajy H pa3HC H30na'ICHOCTH. Haueran,c TaKBHX nporpana Y'IClIHll,HMa nOTIIYHO je HcnpHXBaTJbHBO. Illxona je nosnana ria ce cynpOTCTaBH nopoKy KOjH napymasa I\C!IOBHTOCT !Ill'IHOCTH, ria neryje ll,C!IOMynpCIlOCT H na npanpesia OMJIa):1HHy aa crsapan.c cTa611JIHC noponauc, 3aCliOBaHC na sepHOCTI1 H 'IHCTOTH.

11. 3,Z1;P ABJbE JIllqHOCTH H HAPO,Z1;A

11. 1. Crapaise 0 'loBc'IHjeM 3l1paB11,y, KaKO l\yureBlloM TaKO H reneCHOM, 0):1 rraMTIIBCKa npencrann.a 6plIry UpKBC. MCI)YTI1M, C IIpaBOCJIaBHC Ta'IKC rnenanrra, onpacanan.e CPII3ll'IKOr snpann.a 6e3 I-berOBC rrOBe3aHOCTH ca I(YXOBHHM 3'!\paBJbCM lIC npc):1CTaB11,a 6C3YCJIOBllY BpCnHOCT. Ilponosenajyhll pe-rjy II ):1CJIOM II IIcll,cJby.iyhlI 11,Ylle, I'ocnon Hcyc XPIICTOC ce IIHje 6plIHyO cano 0 I-bIIXOBOM 'reny, nero npenacxonno 0 1I,lIxoBOj nyuu: lIJllI, 6011,c

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'I~

I

pe-reno, 0 I\CJlOBIITOCTlI 11,YrlCKC JII1'IHOCTH. Ilpexra pC'IHMa Cauor CrraCI1TC.sa, Oil je acuen.asao uenoia uoeei:a (Jn. 7: 23). I1cI\CJlCI-ba cy nparuna nponosenan.e Eaanben.a xao 3HaK I' ocnonn.e BJlaCTH na onpaurra rpcxe. OHa cy oUJla uepasnsojna U on ailOCTOJICKC 6JIarOBCCTH. nYrlyhll Oil caor 60)KaHCTBeHor Y-rCMCJbUBa'la o6napclla CROM nyno'roxr napona Ilyxa Cnerora, UpKBa XpllCTOBa jc y nO'ICTKY 611J1a 3ajCl\IUH\a ncucneu,a. OHa II nanac, Y 'IllHy ncrrOBCCTH, nonceha csoja nyxonna ncna na TO na cy IIOlllJlH y JIC'IllJlHlllTC II3 xojer rpeoa na ll3al)y HCI\CJbCHll.

Dll6JII1jCKll OIlHOC npesra MCI(IIll,lllllf Haj6011,c je ll3pa)KCH y KI-bll3llI1CYca, cana CHpaXOBor: Jleuap» yxascu uouaciu «atcea ,It)' qonuxy]« 3602 ueioB02 cnvsceu«; jep je II teeia TOC/lOg CtUBOPllO, u ucuenoee gOJla311 og BuuueeZCl ... Focuoa je oq 3eMJbe CIUBOPllO neuoee It pa3YMaH 'IOBeK ItX He og6al(yje. lbyquun je paau iiioia gao snan.e; ga tiu upocnaeeanu Ibeia U wyaecna aena lbeioea: H,ltMa (nescoeuua] OH uweJbyje 'IOBel-.:(I U uouuuuuaea 60Jleau /-be- 20B)'. Oua] llUUO ciipeua JleKOBe iipaeu oq teux sceuiaeune, 11 neva tcpa]a qenu.Ita /-beZOBllMa, 360z u.eia 611Ba aotipo ua 3eJf.lbli. Cuue wo]! Y tioneciiu: CBOjOj He onajaea] He20 ee MOJlU Focuooy U OH he iiie ucuenuiuu. Haiiyciuu ipeiuau Jl(IlBOIU u uciipaeu pvtce ceoie, O'lUClUU cpue ceoje og ipexa ... anu gaj ueciuo U netcapv, jep je 11 ueia CLUBOPUO Focuoa, U OH iuu je iioiupeban. Ilouexaa je cuac II Y /-blIXOBOj PYLLU, jep ce 1I onu i.ietcapu] .lfO.le TOClIOgy aa II.H iiOM02He {fa o.uuauajy 60JleCHUKY, {fa ia ucuene II qa .lly iipooy»:« Jl(UBOtTi (Kn; Cnp. 38; 1-2,4,6-10, 12-14). Haj6011,u npcncraanaun npesne MeAlIll,HHe. xoja cy npatipojana CBCTllTe11,IIMa, IIOKa3aJIll cy noceoan Bllll CBeTOCTII - 0ecpe6peHlllllTBO 11 'IYrlOTBOpCTBO. OHII CC HIICY rrpOCJlaBUJIl! casio no TIme lllTO cy CBOj )KllBOT 'ICCTO OKOH'laBaJIII xao MY'ICHIIll,II, Hero 11 TI1MC UITO cy JICKapCKll II03l1B upaxsaruna xao xpIIIIIhaHCKY IIY)K!lOCT MIIJIOcpl)a.

Xpnumancxa UpKBa CC YBeK C noce6HIIM nonrrosau.en onuocnna npeMa nexapcxoj rlCJlaTHOCTII Y 'IlljOj jc OClIOBI1 CJIY)KeI-bC 11,y6aBll, YCMepCHO xa cnpevasau.y II onaxuian.y JI,YrlCKHX narn.n. I1Cll,CJ1CIbC noaeunje npllpOIlC nospeheae Goneuihy noxasyje CC xao ncnyn.en,e DO)Kl1je 3aMllCJll! 0 'IOBCKY:

A CaM E02 «upa {fa Bac iioceeiuu 1I0luiiYHO, u BaWeJllI B£llU gyx It qyuui II iiieno qa ce cCllI}'Ba 6e3 iiopoxa sa gO.W3aK Tociioaa uaiueia J1cyca Xpuciua (1. COJI. 5; 23). Tpefiano 6u ua TCJlO, CJl060ll.HO 0/1, pofiosan,a rpeUIHHM cTpaCTl!Ma U IhllXOBOM nocnennuaaa - OOJleCTllMa, cJlYJKU II.Ylllu H na lI.ymeBlle CHJle H cnocotinocra, npeoopascanajyha cc 6Jlaroll,ahy Cserora .uyxa, uyll.Y ycaepeae xa qOBCKOBOM KOllaqHOM IIHJbY H IIpell.oll,pe~eIhY, rj. 060JKelhY. 360r rura je CBaKO UCTHnCKO nesea,e npasaano na nocraue npHqaCHO OHOM qyll.Y HCIICJlClha, xoje cc canprnana y UPKBU XpUCTOBOj. Ynopcno C 1'HM, Hy)KHO jc na cc ncncn.yjyha cana 6JlaI'O/\aTII Cserora Ilyxa, KaKBa ce naje rro

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sepa y jenaora rOCIIOIW Hcyca Xpncra a Kp03 Y'ICIlIfte y IlpKBeIIHM CB. TajHaMa II MOJiliTBaMa, pasmncyje 01\ Gajan,a, Bpa'IaIha II OCTaJlHX MarHjcKHx nocrynaxa II cyjesepja.

Mnore 60JICCTI1 ocrajy lIeH3Jle'II1BC II nocrajy Y3POK CTpanatLa II CMPTIl. Cyo-rasajyha CC C TaKBl1M 60JleCTlIMa, npaBOCJlaBIIlI xpmnhanan je rrosnau IW CC OCJIOHli na cseonary BOJbY b())KlIjy, HMajyhH na yMy na ce csrncao nocrojan.a He orpaunsana na OB03eMaJbCKli )KlIBOT, KOjlI je caMO npanpeua sa BC'IHOCT. Crpanaa,e nnje nocnennua cauo JlWIHOr rpexa Hero II OIIWTe nonpehenocrn II orpaHWIeHOCTH JI>y}J,CKe npapone, 36m -rcra CMO nY)KHH na ra IIOnHOCI1MO C rpnrsen.en 11 HanOM, I'ocnon n06pOBOJbHO npaxnara crpanalha pa,T111 JbY}J,cKor pona: PaHo.41 Ibeioeo« .\tll ce IICl£e.llUCWJ (Hca. 53; 5). To 3Ha'Il1 ,T1a je Eory 611Jlo yrOJ1HO na crpanan.e y'lI1HI1 Y3POKOM cnaceu.a 11 0'111- nrhen,a, 11 OHO MO)KC 611TI1 J1CJlOTBOPHO aa csaxora KO ra IIOI1HOCli ca CMl1pCThCM 11 rrOBepCThCM y csefinary BOJbY bO)KlIjy. Ilpesra pe'IlIMa cseror JOHaHa 3JlaToycTor, "onaj xojn jc HaY'II10 na 6JIaroJ(apl1 Dory aa CBOjC 60JICCTI1, 1I11- je J(aJleKO OJ( caerocru." OBO lIITO je PC'ICHO lie 3Ha'II1 na nexap llJlI1 60JleClIl1K He 611 rpeoano na ce TpyJ(e na noficne 60JlCCT. Mel)YTHM, Ka)), )),o~c )),0 acupnn.cn,a JhY)),CKUX cpeacrana, xpmuhamm OU TpCOaJIO na cc CCTU na cc CUJIa EOlKuja caspmana Y JhY)),CKOj HCMol1H H )),a je qORCK cnocofian na ce Y caMHM )),YOHlfaMa crpanan-a cycperne C3 XPHCTOM, Kojn je H3 CCOC npHXR3- TUO H3IUC C.;laOOCTH U Oo.leCTlI (B. Hca. 53: 4).

11. 2. UPKR3 npunma, K3KO nacrnpe, T3KO U cROj3 qc)),a, IIa xpmuhancxo CRe)),OqClbe Me~y 3)J,paRCTRellUM p3)J.IIll1J,uMa. Beoaa jc R3IKIIO na ce npenana-m H OHU KOjU JlOX3~3jy IlIKOJIC 33 MC)),UIIUHCKO 00pa30R3lbC YII03H3jy C OClfoR3Ma npaROCJI3BHC RCPOlf3YKC U np3ROCJIaRHO opajenrucaue OIlOMC)),HI~IIHCKe CTIIxe (B. 12). LI,CJIaTHOCT Ilpxse, ycsrepena xa TOMC na cTpaJ(aJlIIlII1HMa H OHI1Ma, KOjH 0 ThliMa 6pHHy, orJIaCI1 pes DO)Kl1jy 11 npenece 6JIarOnaT Cserora llyxa, npencrasn.a cyurrany }J,YlIlc6plI)K]{l1lI1TBa y «pepa 311paBcTBcHC 3aUITl1Te. fJIaBHO MeCTO y H>Oj 3aY31IMa yqcllIl1e y CllaCOHOCHIIM T3jHaMa, CTR3paIbe MOJIUTRCIIC arnoopepe y JIeqUJIHIlITlIMa (3))'paRcTReHIIM ycranoeaua) H YKa311RaIbC pa- 3nOJIHKe, OJI3rOTBOpnc nOMol1H IbHXOBUM uaunjeuruaa.Llpxseaa MlIcl1ja y MC}J,11l(I1HcKOj «pepn 06aBe3Ha je He casio sa CBellITCIIHKC nero 11 sa npanocnanne Ml1pJaHe - 3J(paBCTBCHC pannaxe, 11 OHI1 cy II03Banl1 na CTBOPC CBe YCJIOBC aa peJlI1rl103HY yrexy 60JIeCHI1Ka KOjl1 TO rrocpenno HJII1 lIerrOCpe,T1HO Tpa)KC. Bepyjyha nexap 6H rpeoano na lIMa na yMy na -rosex KojeM je IIOTpc6Ha noaoh OJ( n.era He O'lCKyjC cano onroaapajyhe JIClJCJhe Hero I1I1YXOBHY nonpurxy, oco- 6111'0 aKO nexap liMa TaKaB rrOl'JIC,T1 na CBeT y xojeu CC pa30TKpl1Ba rajna crpa,T1aTha H CMpTli . .uYIKHOCT csaxor npaROCJIaRHOr 3))'paBCTReHOI' pa)),IIHKa je )),a sa nauajenra oy)),c MUJIOCP)),HH Caaapjannn H3 CBall~eJICKC npnse.

UpKBa OJlarOCHJha na MHJlOcp)),Ha opaTCTBa II CCCTpHIICTBa H3BpmaBajy cnoja nocnymatsa ua KJIltlllIKaMa HJIH Y )l,pyrHM 3))'paBCTBCHlIM YCTaIlOBaMa. IICTO TaKO, UpKBa nOTnOMalKC nonnsan-e OOmlllqKUX xpaMoBa, xao II I~pKBCHHX H MallaCTHpCKJlX OOJIHHlla, KaK() 011 Y CBHM eranana JlcCJCH>a 11 pexa- 011J1I1TaI~Hje MCI1I1I\I1IlCKa IIOMOh 611JIa cjennn.cna C rraCTHpCKI1M crapan.ev. UpKBa I103HBa ~lHpjaHc 11a. xonaxo ron jc TO Y Ibl1XOBOj MOftH, lIOMOIHY 60- .1CCHI1Ma, jcp ftc TaKBa rrmlOh YOJIa)KHTI1 Jh YI\CKa crpanan.a MI1JlOCPf1HOM Jb y- 6aBJhY 11 6pl1rll\!.

n. 3. [lP06JICM snpaan.a .TlI1'IHOCTI1 H napona naje sa ll,PKBY caao CIIO-

.'baWH>11 H 'IHCTO connjanna, jep jc Y lIeIIocpeJ(HOM 0I1HOCY C tbCHI1M rrOCJJaJbCM Y CBCTY, IlOBpcl)CIIOM rpCXOM H 6OJlemfiy. UpKBa jc "pH3Balla )),a, y capa)),lbu ca ))'plKaBIIHM CTpYKTypaMa H 3amITCpeCOBallHM )l,PYIllTBCIIHM KpyroBHMa, yqeCTByjC y crsapan-y TaKBOI' CXBaTaJha Oqyn3lba snpann.a naunje, npn KO,jCM OH cnaxn l.JOBCK Moran )),a OCTBapn CBOjC IIpaBO IIa il,yxonllo, $H3Hl.JKO H nCHXllqKO 3))'paBJhC II cOIIHjaJJIIY curypuocr, Y3 MaKCHMaJIHO npO)),YIKClbC IKUBOTa.

Y3ajaMHH Ol1l1OC nexapa 11 nannjeura Mopa CC rparurru na YBa)KaBaH>Y l(enOBHn;CHI, CJI060J(Hor H360pa H )l,OCTojaIlCTBa JIWIIIOCTH. HCI10IIYCfHHa je MaHl1rrYJIal1Hja '10BCKOM, 'IaK H palll1 Haj6o.Tl>HX uan.ena. Mopa cc noanpaBI1TI1 pasaoj I1l1jaJIOra 113Mel)y nexapa 11 60nCCHI1Ka, 110 xaxnor Tl0JIa3H y caBPCMCIIOj Mel11111I1HI1. Hecysm.ano je na TaKaB npacryn I1Ma CBOjC KOPCHC Y xpmuhancxoj rpanmmja, l1aKO nocroja acxytncn-e na cc Oil cnycrn na IIHBO 'II1CTO cnopasvxnurx OI1Hoca. Ynopeno C rmr rpcoano 611 npmnara na rpa- 11111\110HaJIlIl1jll, "naTeplIaJII1CTI1'IKI1" O,T1HOC ncxapa H naujrjeirra. KOjll jc npaBCJ(HO KPI1THKOBaH 3601' MHor06pojHI1X noxviuaja na CC onpanna CaMOBOJI>a nexapa, MO)KC na ce rrOKa)KC H xao YI1CTI1HY otIllllCKH npncrvn OOJICCHllKY, a IJITO 3aBHCI1 011 MOpaJIlIOr JII1Ka nexapa.

He )),ajyl1H IIPC)),HOCT HHjC)),1I0M MO)),CJIY opranmonan,a '\IC)),IIIIHIICKC noMOI1U, UpK8a cMaTpa na ra nOM 011 Mopa OH'fU MaKCIIMa.1HO erpnxacna II upncrynaxna CBHM qJJaHOBHMa )),pYIIITRa, HC3aBHCHO 0)), n.nxonor MaTcpujaJlHor HMCTKa H conajanuor II0JlOlKaja, a lIITO ce O}J,HOCI1 11 na pacnOI1CJIY OrpaIII1- lJeIII1X MCI1HI111HCKHX pecypca. LI,a 611 TaKBa pacnoneria YI1CTI1HY 611JIa npasenna. xpnrepnjyi« ")KI1HOTHI1X norpefia" Mopa 3al106HTI1 rrpCI1HOCT IIall KpHTCPHjYMOM "TP)KI1IllllI1X O,T1HOca". He 611 rpcoano ua crenen CBOjC onronopHOCTH sa VKa311llaJhC MeI1Hl(lIHCKC nouoha JICKap nonesyje I1CKJhY'IllBO C MaTcpHjaJIlI~)/o.1 lla}J,OKlIal10M 11 IbCIIOM BCJIWillHOM, npernapajyha cnojy nporhecnjy y H3HOP 6oraftCJha. MCTOBPCMCHO, ,T10JIWIHa IIJlaTa aa TPYI1 MCnHllI1HCKI1X pannnxa npCnCTaBJI,a saxan sanarax I1PYlIlTBa II npscane.

Ilpmnaaajyha Moryhc nobpc I1()CJIeI1Hl(C rpaxra ,T1a MCIIH11HHa Y CBC BChoj MepH nocraje np0rHOCTWIKa H npocpI1JIaKTWIKa, a TaKOI)C H nosnpann.ajy-

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till ~CJIOBliTO nonaaa,e snpaan.a II 60JICCTll, U:pKBa npenyrrpebyje noxyuraje anconyraaaunje 611JIO KOjC MCT\lI~llHCKC reopnje, onosunsyha na Ba)J(HOCr O'Iysaa,a T\YXOBHllX npnoparera y JI,YT\CKOM )!(lIBOTY. Ilonaseha on csor ~1HOrOBCKOBHor llCKYCTBa, U:pKBa oncsnnse II na MoryhlIocf na ce non MaCKOM "anrepHaTlIBHe MCgl1l\l1I1C" yxopene II lICKli OKYJITlIO--MarlljcKli nocrynnn, xojn BOn.y II CBCCT Jbygll nor-raa.asajy yrnuajy T\CMOHCKliX cnna. Tpeoano 611 na CBaKll 'IOBCK liMa npaso na lIC npaxsara one MCTOT\C T\CJIOBalba na lblTOB oprann- 3aM, xoja rtpornsype-re lbcrOBliM penaraoanasi y6cl)elbliMa.

U:pKBa onoamse na TCJICCHO 3ApaBJbC Hllje cauo rro CC611 AOBOJbHO, 6yT\yhlI na je OHO cauo jenna crpana <JOBe<Jujer 611ha. MeI)YTllM, Mopa ce npasaara na cy y uan.y onpxasaa.a snpasn,a .lll'lHOCTli II napona BeOMa Ba)J(HC npodianaxrnuxe MCPC, craapan.e peannux YCJIOBa sa 6aBJbelbC ¢1l3ll'IKOM KyJITypOM II cnoprov. TaKMll<JClbC (nanvetaa,e) je caCBlIM npuponno sa crropr. Mehyrm«, HliKaKO lie Mory 611Tll onofipeua xpajisu crenean n.erose xovepuujanaaaimje, nojasa xynra ropnocrn KOjlI je C lbliM rrOBC3aH nna Mannnynarmje normnro», 6YAyhll na cy BeOMa onacne sa snpaan,e. YTOJIliKO rrpe lie Mory CC onofiprrra 1I1i OHa TaKMll'rClba, TOKOM KOjlIX gOJIa31I AO naxrepnor nanonren,a TellIKlIX nospena.

11.4. Pycxa rrpaBOCJIaBHa upxsa ca BeJIliKOM yanexapenourhy KOHCTaryje na ce naponn, KOjlI cy rpamnmonanno non lbeHOM 3allITliTOM, cana naJIa3e y cran.y ACMorpa¢cKe Kp1I3e . .IJ:ollIJIO je go 113pa311Tor nana HaTaJIl1TCra II cxpahen.a npoce-nror )J(llBOTHor BCKa, HCnpeCTaHO ce YMalbyje 6poj CTaHOBHlIlliTBa. Onacaocr npencraan.ajy cnlIAcMlljc II nopacr xapnao-sacxyJIapHlIX, rrClIXlI<JKllX, seaepa-max II npyrnx 60JICCTlI, napxouauaje II aJIKOXOJI1I3Ma. CBC je seha 6poj 60JICCHC neue, yKJby'ryjyhlI II MaJIoYMIfOCT . .IJ:cMorpa¢cKli rrp06JICMll BOgC xa gc¢opMaqlljll CTpyKTypC npyurrsa II xa CMan.en.y CTBapaJIa'IKOr norennnjana napona a nocrajy II jenan on yspoxa CJIa- 6JbClba noponnue, Y 20. BCKY, rnasna yspoun, soja cy AOBCJIli go ncnonynaunje 1I xparn-mor CTaIM snpann,a noveayrax uapona, jecy paronn, pCBOJIyunja, rnan II MaCOBHa penpecnja, 'Illje jc nocnenaue ygBoCTpY'IlIJIa Ay60Ka npyurrsena xpasa C xpaja CTOJICha.

.IJ:cMorpa¢cKli rrp06JICMll npenner cy nenpecraue naxrse name IlpKBC. OHa jc II03BaHa na nananpe aaxononasne II agMlIHlIcTpaTllBHe npouece, KaKO Oll CnpC'IlIJIa AOHomClbC OHliX onnyxa xoje 611 MOrJIe na ygBOCTPY<JC TeA(IfHY CIITVaI~lIjc. Hyzcan je cranan nnjanor ca gp)!(aBHOM nnamhy, a TaKOrye If ca cpencrsnaa MaCOBHor lIH¢opMllcalba, na 61I CC pasjacaao CTaB IlpKBC 0 rnrran.mra ACMorpa¢CKe nonaraxe II o-tynan,a snpann,a. Eopfia ca .renonv.raunjoxr xropa ga YKJby'm aKTlIBHY rrOIWlIIKY HaY'IHO-MeAllqlIHcKliM II C0U1!1a.1HII\! nporpaxnora sa saurnrry MajKc II nerera, rrJIOAa II HOBOPO-

rycwICTa . .IJ:P)!(aBa CC rr0311Ba na CBllM CPCT\CTBliMa KojllMa pacnonaxce nonpiKl1 pahan.e II gOCTOjHO onrajan.e L\Cl\C.

11. 5. IJ,pKDa ncuxasxe 60JleCTI1 csrarpa sa je)1,IIY 0)1, npojaaa onnrre rpexosue nOBpe~CHOCT" JbY)1,CKC np"po)1,c. Paanaxyjyha y CTpyKTYPlf JIll'IHOCTli gYXOBHll, ilymcBHI1 11 TCJICCHI1 HI1BO IbCHC oprauasauaje, CBCTli Oll11 cy pa3JIliKOBaJIlf 60JICCTli xoje cy ce paasnjane "on npapone", 60JICCTlf xoje cy 113a3BaHC nejcrsosan.ca nCMOHa II 60JICCTli KOjC cy CC pa3BlIJIC xao rrOCJICL\llqa crpacrn llITO cy nOp06lfJIC <JOBCKa. Y CKJlagy C TlfM pa3JIlfKOBalhCM, no)J,je)1,HaKO jc ueonpannano KaKO csoheu,e CDUX nCUXUlJKHX 60JleCTli na IIpOjane ~aBOHMaHOCT" a IUTO aa C060M 1I0BJlalJH caapmaaaa,e lJUHa nsroua 3J1HX nyxona, TaKO H nOKYIlIaj )1,a ce CBII BII)1,OBH )1,YXOBHor pacrpojcrsa nexe HCKJbYlJHBO KJllIlIlIlJKHM MeTO)1,HMa. IToKa3aJlO CC na je y 06JlaCTlf ncnxorepannje HajgCJIOTBoPHlfjc noncannaa,e rraCTllpCKC II JICKapCKc rroMohH gYlIICBHO 060JICJIHMa, y3 onronapajyhe paarpamrten.e «pepa xosmereauaje JICKapa 1I CBCllITCIIlfKa.

I1ClfXlI<JKC 60JICCTlf HC yMalbyjy 'IOBCKOBO nocrojaacrso. U:pKBa CBCgO'ili na cy U nymesno 060JlCJIH uocaoun ofipasa no)!(ujcr, ocrajyha IIpU TOM nama ca6paha KOjOj cy norperina cacrpanan.e U IIOMOh. MOpaJIHO cy HCI10rrYCTlfBU OHU ncaxorepanujcxn npncryna xoja cy 3aCHOBaHU na crryTasas.y JIU<JHOCTU 060JIeJIora U na YHU)!(elbY n.enor nocrojaucrsa. OKYJITHU MCTOgu ACJIOBalba na IICUXY, KOJU nouexan HOCC MaCKY HaY<JHe ncaxorepanaje, KaTeropU<JHO cy nenpaxnarn.aan sa ITpaBOCJIaBHY U:PKBY. Y U3Y3CTHUM CJIY'IajeBuMa, JIC<JClbC gYllICBHO 060JICJIUX 3aXTCBa rrpUMCHY KaKO U30- naunje, TaKO U npyrnx 06JIliKa rrpUCUJIe. MC~YTHM, npHJlHKOM H360pa $opMe Me)1,H~HIICKe HIITepBeH~Hje, rpefiano 6H noha 0)1, uaxena HajMalher orpaIIHlJaBalha CJl060)1,c naunjcnra.

11.6. Y nU6JlujH ce Ka)!(C na 6UHO 6eCeJlU Cpl(e '106eK060 (I1c. 103; 15) U na jc KOpllCHO ... ),KOJlllKO ZQ 6ygew {IUO YMepeHO (Kn, Clip. 31; 31). McI)YTUM, If y CBCTOM I1uCMY U y CBCTOOTa<JKlIM nCJIlfMa MHoro nyra hCMO HaUTIli na crpory ocY)1,Y nopoxa najancraa xojn, HenpUMCTHO npncrynajyha, IIOBJIa<JlI sa C060M MHOllITBO npyrnx, rrOrU6CJbHllX rpexosa. TIlljaHCTBo BpJIO -recro nocraje Y3POK pacnana nopomnre, nonocehn Hc6pojCHC narn,e KaKO )!(pTBaMa TC rpCXOBHC 60JICCTlI, TaKO U lbUMa 6JIliCKlIM JbYAUMa, OC061ITO gCI~U.

"Ilzjaacrso jc HcnpujaTCJbCTBO npOTUB nora ... nnjaacrso je g06poBOJbHO 113a3BaH gCMOH ... Ilnjaacrso nporepyje Ilyxa Cserora", nncao je CB. Bacannje BCJIllKli. "TIlIjaHcTBo je KOPCH csaxor 3JIa", "najaa 'IOBCK jc )!(lIBU MpTBal\ ... " "Ilajancrso cave no CC611 MO)!(C na rrOCJIY)!(U YMCCTO CBaKC Kd- 3HC, npeacrryn.aaajyha gymy rrOMCTlbOM U acnyn.anajyha yM TaMOM. '-I11Hehll on nnjaaora 3ap06JbCHllKa, u3JIa)!(yhH ra pa3HllM 60JICCTUMa, yHyTpallIlbliM

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151

11 CIlOJhalJHhl1M ... Ilnjancrno jc MHOI'OJIl1Ka 11 MllmorJlaBa 3BCp ... OB)~C 113 rsera nspacra 6JIYi~, TaMO - rues, OBTIC OTYIlCJIOCT YMa 11 cpua, TaMO - cpaxma JI,y6aB ... Hl1KO TaKO HC 113BplIlaBa 3JIy BOJhY ~aBOJICKY xao nnjanana" , IIOY'laBao je CBCTl1 JOBaH 3Jlan)YCTI1. "Ilnjan 'IOBCK jc cnocoiian sa CBaKO 3JIO, 011 npncraje tra CBaKY CaOJIa3aH ... TIl1jaHcTBo 'Il1III1 CBOI' IIOKJIOHHKa HCClIOC06Hl1M aa 6lIJIO KaKIlO IICJIaH,C", rOBopHO jc CBCTl1 Tl1XOH 3aIIOHCKl1.

Jour noryiinaja 011 IIl1jaHcTBa jc unrpoxo pacnpocrpan.ena HapKOMaIlHja. OHOI'a tloBCKa, xojn joj pofiyje, osa crpacr 'IlIHl1 xpajn.c IIPl1jCMtIHBlIM 3a CBaKO nejcraosau,e MpatIIIHX cuna. Ta CTpaUIHa 60JIcer CBaKC rOl-(lIIIC 3aXBa'fa CBC Bl1WC fuYIVf H OIIIlOCH MHOlllTBO )!(HBOTa. Hapxonauuja cy lIajBl1IlIC 113JIO)!(CHH MJlaTlll, UITO "pCTlCTaBJba lIocc6IIY npCTH,Y sa ):IPYlllTBO. KOpHCTOfuy6HBl1 HHTepCCll HapKO-6H3IIl1Ca ncnon.asajy -- nocerino MC~y MJlal-(l1Ma - yrauaj 11 na crnapau,e nocetinc "HapKOTWIKC" lIceB):IOKYJITYpC. HC3PCJIHM JbYTlHMa nauehy CC CTCPCOTHIIll nonaman.a KOjH npennascy ynorpeoy napKOTlIKa y CBOjCrBY "HOpMaJllIOr", "a -rax H HCMHHOBHor aTp116YTa I-(pYIliTBa.

OCIIOBIIU pa3JIOr OCKCTBa MlIorux naumx caBpCMCIUlKa Y napcrno anKOXOJIIIUX UJIU lIapKOTUQKUX UJIy3uja jecre )),YXOBlla IIYCTOIII, rYOUTaK CMHCJIa JKHBOTa, 1I0)),PUllaJbC MopamlUX opajenrnpa. Hapxonannja H aJIKOXOJIl1- 3aM HCITOJbaBajy TlYIllCIlIlC 60JICCTH HC cavo nojemmua nero H tIHTallOI" APYIlITBa. To jc nnara sa norpourauxy HI~COJj()I"Hjy, sa KyJIT MaTCpl1jamlor aanperxa, sa nmuasau.e AYXOBIIOCTl1 H ry6H'raK acrnncxax uneaxa. OAHOCchl1 cc C rraCTHpCKl1M cacrpanan.cjr npcaa )!(pTllaMa aJIKOXOJIl13Ma H HapKOManajc, Ilpxsa HM "YAll TlYXOBIIY 1I0TlPlllKY Y HaTlllJIaAaBaILY nopoxa. He O)),PIIqyliu HCOnXO)l,II0CT MC)),UI.UIICKC 1I0Moliu y 030UJhllUM cTa)),ujYMuMa napxoMallujc, QpKBa nocefiny lIaJKlbY noxnaisa IIp0cJ>UJIaKTul.u U pCXaOIIJlHTaQuja, xoje cy lIajecJ>IIKaclllljc y cnysajy cnecnor ysohcn,a OOOJIcJIora y cBxapHCTlljCKH 11 QPKBCIIH JKIIBOT.

12. IIPOBJIEMH BHOETHKE

'Ia 6HOCTHKC 0 KojHMa cc UIHPOKO pacnpasn,a y caBpCMCIIOM CBCTY, a rtpeBaCXOI-(HO npejaa OHHMa xoja cy rrOBC3aHa C nenocpennua TlcjcTBoBafueM na 'IOBeKa, Ilpxna nOJIa3H 011 nojsrona 3aCHOBalIHX na (0)!(aHCTBCIIOM OTKPOBCIbY. rj. 01-( nojua 0 )!(l1BOTY xao I!crrpOI(CH,UBOM napy nO)!(l1jcM, 0 HCOTy~I1BOj C.~060TlH H 60rorroTlo6I1o~f nocrojaacrsy JhYTlCKC JIH'IHOCTH, 0 naipaqu uetiecxo: UPl138WM EOJIwjeza y Xpuciu» (<PHJIl1ITJb. 3: 14), xa TlOCTH3afhY canpmeHCTBa netiecxor Oua (B. MT. 5: 48) H 0 0(0)!(ClbY, rj, 0 npaxacnocra 60- )l(alIcKoj npaponn (2. TICTp. 1: 4).

12.2 . Jour 0)), najpannjax npeuena, QpKBa cnarpa na jc HaMcpllo npeKlI)I,alhe rpyauohc (afiopryc) TeJKaK rpex. Kanoncxa npaBHJIa H3jC)I,HaQyjy afiopryc ca y6HCTBOM. Y OCHOBl1 'raxnc npouene HaJIa3H ce y6c~cfbe na je 3aMCTaK n.yncxor 6Hha nap bO)!(HjH, 3601' -rera ce, OA TpcHYTKa aaxeha, CBaKH nacpraj na fuYTlCKH )!(HBOT cnarpa 3JIO'IHIIOM.

Pasnoj IIJIOAa y Maj'IHlIoj YTP06H TIcaJIMOIIojal( onacyje xao crnapa.1a<rKI1 <rI1H J)O)!(HjH: Til CI/ C(U80pllO ylIip06y uoiy, Focuooe ... He catcpu ce «ociu uoja oa Te6e «oj» Cll CIT18oPIiO y ctcpueenociiiu, 1I caciuae MOj (uiiociiiac] y gy6wwMa 3eAube; Heyo6flll'leH saueiiuuc MOj euoeiue ouu T80je (TIc. 138; 13, 15-16). 0 TOMe cBeAO'IH H JOB, Y pe'IHMa yrryheHHM Dory: T80je cy .we pYKe ciueopune II uauunune ooaceya ... 3ap Me HI/Cll «ao .WfleKO CflUO II «ao cup )'CUpI/O .we? Ha8YKao cu ua Me KOJIC), II Meco, KOCUWMa U JlCUflaMa ciineo at Me. )K1l80lUO.W 1I uiuoiuh» oapueao at Me, u ciuapau.e Teoje 'l)'eaflo je gyx MOj ... useaouo Cll.we 113 )'lupo6e (JOB 10; 8, 10-12, 18). Ilpe He20 iue casqax y ylup0611, snax iiie, u iipe ueio iuiuo 1I3abe 1I3 Ylup06e 1I0C8elUUX iue (Jep. 1; 5- 6), pexao je I'ocnon npopoxy Jepexraja. "He y611jaj AeTC asaaaaajyha notia<raj" - ra napenoa ce HaJIa3H MC~y HajBa)J(HHjIlM 3arrOBCCTIfMa bO)!(Ifjmf y "Y <JCfu Y D,BaHaCCTOpHl(e aiiOCTOJIa" ,jcAHOM 01( najcrapajnx cnouexaxa XPHurhancxe KfuH)!(eBHOCTH. ")KeHa xoja je rrO'Il1HIIJIa noriasaj jCCTe y6Hua 11 3aTO onrosapa npen Eorov, jep jc ... 3aMeTaK y YTp06H )!(IfBO 6Ifhe, 0 xojea ce crapa Tocnon", nacao jc Arenaropa, anonorera 2. sexa. "Onaj, xoja he IlOCTaTfI <rOBeK, seh jecre 'IOBCK", TBPTlllO jc TepTYJIHjaH aa rtpenacxy 113 2. Y 3. BeK. "OHa xoja noryca rrJIOTl 3a<rCT Y YTp0611 nonnexe OCYAH aa y6IfCTBO ... OHH, KOjH najy nannrxe 3a 1136aUHBaILc sa-rerora y YTpo611 jccy y6HI(e, IICTO xao H OIIH lIITO npanpevajy OTPOBC sa y6Hjafuc AeI(C", Ka)!(C ce y 2. n 8. rrpaBIfJIY CBCTor BaCHJIHja BCJIHKor, xoja cy yxn.yaena y Kn.ary npannna IlpaBOCJIaBHC ll,PKBC U norspbeaa 91. rrpaBHJIOM Illecror Bacen.eucxor Ca6opa. TIpH TOM CBeTH BaCHJIHjc rrpCUH3HO xazce na TC)!(HHa KpHBHllC HC aannca 0):1 BpCMCHa -rpynnohe: "Mn HC npannno pasnaxy H3Me~y IlJIOAa KOjH ce neh Y06JIWIHO If rrJIOAa KOjH jc jOIlI Hcyo6JIWICH." CBCTl1 .ToBaH 3JIaTOYCTH je rosopao na cy OHH Koju spure ariopryce "ropn OA y6HIW".

12.1. Eypan passoj 6110MCAlll\HHCKHX TCXHOJIOrHja xoje aKTHBHO nponapy y )!(11110T caupcvenor tIOBCKa OTI pohen,a ):10 CMPTll, xao If nenorvhnocr na ce y OKBllp"Ma rpannnnonanne MeAHlll1HCKC eTHKC OTlrOBOpH IIa MOpaJIna rnrran,a xoja cc npn TOM nojasrsyjy, H3a3HBajy 036ufully 3a6puHyTOCT TlPYIIlTBa. Iloxyruaju JbYAH na eerie I10CTaBe YMCCTO bora H na I10 COIICTBcHoj BP.nll IBMCHC H "nooon.nrajy" Iberosy TBOPCBll!IY, tloBC'laHCTBY Mory 1l0!ICTlI !lOBC reurxohe Ii crpanau.a. Paasoj 6110MeIlHl\HHCKHX TCXHOJIOI"Hja 3!Ia'[JiH\.) [JpCBa3HJla3H paaysrcnan,e IIYXOBHO-MOpam1HX H COl\HjaJlHl1X [JOCJIC.inua H,IIXOllC HCKOHTpOJIHCaHC npanenc, a WTO Mopa na H3a30BC JW60KY II J \.1 II pcxv 3a6pliHYTOCT UpKBC. CDOPMYJIHIIlylm CBOj OAHOC npcna IIHTaIhH-

152

153

• H apanno. nOApa3YMCBa ce na CBCliITCHI1K I1Ma CTBapHe AOKa3C na je Maj'IHH )1(11- BOT Y OliaCHOCTll (Han. cp6. npnp).

12. 3. Pem1rH031l0-MOpaJlIlY npOI\eHY 3aXTCBa H np06J1CM KOHTpa u enu nje, HCKa O)J. cpC)J.CTaBa npOTUB sascha q,aKTU'IKU nocenyjy a60pTuBII0 nejCTBO jcp y HajpaHujuM cTa)J.ujYMuMa BCIlITa'lKU npexnnajy JKUBOT cM6puona, 360r 'rora cc ua IbUXOBY ynorpefiy Mory ynorpefinra UCTa pacybanan,a, KaKBa CC O)J.HOCC ua a60pTYC. OCTaJ1a CpC)J.CTBa, xoja IIUCY nosesaua C npcecJ{aIhCM neh 3a'lCTOr JKUBOTa, IIC Mory CC ynopC)J.UTU C a60pTycOM. O)J.pcl)yjyliu CBOj O)J.Hoe npeua Hca60pTUBHlIM CPC)J.CTBlIMa xonrpauenuaje, xpmuhauCKH cynpyJKHHJ{H Mopajy HMaTH na yMy )J.a je npO)J.YJKCTaK JhY)J.CKC BPCTC jc)J.an O)J. maBHHX J{UJhCBa 60rOYCTaHOBJ1,CHOr 6pa'iHOr caseaa (B. 10. 4). HaMCPHO O!l.PUJ{atbC O)J. pahan.a )J.CJ{C YCJlc)J. crOIlCTII'IKIIX 1I06Y)J.a 06c3BpcI)yjC 6paK H npencraan,a nccYMlbHBII rpcx.

Ynopeno C TI-IM, cyrrpy)!(Hllllll cy npen Eoroa onronopnn H aa nynonpenHO onrajan,e neue. Jenau 0)1, nyrena peannaaunje onronopnor O)J.Hoca npcna n.UXOBOM pOI)ClbY jCCTC H YJ)I,pJKaBaJbc O)J. nonnax onnoca TOKOM onpehenor BpcMclla. YOCTaJ10M, neonxonno jc na cc CCTHMO PC'III arrOCTOJ1a IIaBJla, ynyliCHUX xpHllIlialleKHM cyIIpyJKIIHI~HMa: He Ja6pUlbyjiiie ce jequo gpyioMe, ceu iio gOio60PY, iipuepeueno, ga 6u ce iipeqanu iiociiiy U uonuiiieu, iia oiieiii qa ce caciiiaueiiie, qa eac caiiiaua ne UCKYUW6a eatauu lteYJgpJICalbeM (1. Kop. 7; 5). O'lHrJ1c)J.Ho jc )1,3 ey cyrrpYJKHU"H )l,YJKHH )J.3 Y T3KBOM CJ1y'l3jy )J.OHOCC 060CTP3HC O)J.JIYKC, rrpHTH'IyliH C3BCTY IzyXOBIIHK3. ,IJ,YXOBHUK, ca CBOjC crpaHC, c naCTHpCKOM 06a3puBolllliy Mopa 06paTHTH rraJKlbY na KOHKPCTIIC yCJ10- BC Y KojHMa JKHBH 6pa'lHH nap - ua n.HXOBY CTapOCT, 3!I.PaBJhC, CTcrrCII )l,YXOBHC 3PCJ10CTH, U MHorc )J.pyrc OKOJ1HOCTU, pa3J1UKyjyliH OHC KOjU MorY)J.a "npnXB3TC" BHCOKC 3aXTCBC Y3)J.PJK3n.3 0)1, OIlUX KojHMa HHjc ")J.3TO" (B. MT.19; 11) U 6pHllyliH ce upenacxonno 0 o'lyBan.y H ja'lan.y nopomme.

CBeTH CHHOA Pycxe npanocnasne upxse y onnym: O)J. 28. Ael.\eM6pa 1998. yxasao je cneurrenanaxa, KOjll cnyxe 11 xao AYXOBHlIl.\lI, na je "He)J.OlIycTliBO npHClIJhaBalbe HIIM aaroaapan,e nacrse na ce, rrpoTIIBHO CBOJOJ BOJbII, O)J.pexne cynpvscna-rxor )!(lIBOTa y 6paKY." l1CTO TaKO, onOMeHYO je nacrnpe na HY)!(HOCT "o'IYBalba noceriaor uenovynpaja H nocerinc naCTHpCKe orrpe- 3HOCTII y npnnnxana xana ca rraCTBOM pasuarpajy mrraa.a nesana aa osaj lIJlll onaj Blln IIOpol1l1'lHOr )!(lIBOTa. "

12. 4. Ilpusrena HOBUX 6HOMC)J.U"UHCKUX MCTO)J.a y MIIOruM cnyxajeeuMa nonyurra na cc CaBJ1a)J.a 60J1CCT 6CCrrJ10)l,lIocTU. Hcrospeveno, CBe pacnpocrpan.eanje TeXHOJlOlllKO ynmrran.e y npouec saueha n.yncxor )!(lIBOTa npencrasn.a npern.y I1YXOBlIOj l.\eJIOBliTOCTli 11 ¢ll3l1'IKOM 311paBJbY JbyncKe JIWIIIOCTli. non npeTlbOM cy 11 Me!)YJbyncKH OnHOClI, xoja cy onsajxana 6HJlll y OCHOBH npyurrsa. C passojea nOMcIIYTUX TCXH0J10mja IIOBC3aHO jc U DIUpcn.c nneonornje T3K03B3HUX pCnpO)l,yKTHBHHX npana, xoja cc cana npona-

Illnpoxa pacnpocrpaa.enocr 11 onpannan.e afiopryca y caepevenoa I1PYurray UpKBa CXBaTa xao nperu.y 6YI\yfieM 'IOBe'IaHCTBY II xao O'lI1rJIeAaH 3HaK Mopamle nerpananaje. Bepnocr 6116JllljCKOM H CBeTOOTaCIKOM Y'IelbY 0 CBeTOCTli 11 ucnpoueisnaocra JbYI\CKOr )!(lIBOTa 0):\ cavor n.erosor 1I00IeTKa necrtojasa je ca cxnaran.ev 0 )!(eHlIlloj "CJl060):\H H36opa" J\a onJlY'1ll 0 CYA- 611HlI nnona. OCllM rora, a60pTYc npencrasn.a onacny npern.y ¢1l3WIKOM 11 I1YXOBHOM 31\paBJbY MajKe. Hero TaKO, UpKBa HerrOKOJIC6HBO cnarpa CBOjOM nY)!(lIolllfiy na cTyrrll y 3alllTllTY aajparsaanjax 11 najsasacaajax JhyncKl1x 611- ha, a TO cy ynpaBo nepohena nena, Ilpanocnasna UpKBa Hli y KaKBliM yCJlOBHMa He MO)!(e )J.aTli 6JlarOCJIOB aa 1I3Bpmelbe aoopryca. He 01\6al\yjyfill )!(eHe KOjC cy ll3BpilIllJIe a60pTYC, UpKBa lIX rr0311Ba na noxajarse H npeBa311JIa)!(elbe noryrinux nOCJ1e1111I\a rpexa Ilocpe)J.CTBOM MOJIliTBe 11 IIO)J.HOIllClha enaTHMlIjC, sa KojllMa fie YCJlenHTH yueurhe y crraCOHOCHliM Ca. Tajnana. Y CJ1y'1ajy Ka)J.a npO)l,YIKCTaK TPY)J.HOlic nenocpemro npCTU JKUBOTY MajKe a nocefi- 110 y CJ1y'lajy )J.a ona neh UMa )J.CI~y, y nacrnpcxoj npaxcn ce npenopyxyje ncnorsaaan,e CHHCXO)l,JhUBOCTH (r], nonYCTJhUBOCTU). )Kclla xoja y TaKBUM OK0J1HOCTHM3 "PCKHIIC TPY!l.HOliy HC 611Ba O)J.J1y'lclla 0)1, eaxapncrnjcxor onurren,a ca QPKBOM, ann je TO onnrreise YCJ10BJhCHO IhCIIHM ucnyn.cn.CM J18'1- HOI' MOJ1l1TBCHOr noxajuor npaanna. To DP3BUJ10 o)l,pcl)yjc CBCIllTCHUK, KOju npUMa n.CHY HCDOBCCT: Eopoa C aooprycmia, na xoje ce )!(CHe nonexan onJlY'lyjy 360r xpajn,e MaTeplljaJlne OCKYl1l1l.\e 11 6ecnOMofiHOCTH, 3aXTeBa O)J. UpKBe 1I11P)!(aBe crnapan.e )J.eJIOTBOpHliX Mcpa aa aaurnrry MaTepllHCTBa, a raxohe 11 crsapan,e YCJIOBa aa ycsajaa,e neue xoje MajKa H3 aexax paarrora He MO)!(e caMOCTaJIHO na nomose.

OArOBopHOCT aa rpex y6HcTBa nepoheuor ACTCTa, yrropeAo ca MajKoM HOCH H orau, y cny-rajy na je npHCTaO aa usspuren.e aoopryca. AKO jc )!(cna 1I3BpUIlIJla a60pTYC 6e3 CarJlaCHOCTli My)!(a, TO MO)!(e na 6yne ocnosa sa pasBOA fipaxa (B. 10.3). I'pex nana H aa Aymy rtexapa KOjH je asnpurao a60pTYc. IJ,pKBa rr0311Ba Ap)!(aBY na MeAlIl.\lIHCKliM paAHlIl.\llMa npmna rrpaBo na, y CKJIany ca CBOjOM caseurhy, oA611jy na 113Bpme aoopryc. He MO)!(C ce cnarpa'ra sa HOpMaJIHY OHa caryannja y KOjOj je npasaa O)J.rOBopHOCT nexapa aa CMpT MajKe na neyrropennso BI1U1eM HliBOY Hero onrOBOpHOC'f aa noryon.eae nnona ~IlIMe ce nexapa, a nocpencrsox lbliX H naunjeurn, rrO)J.CTWIY na 113BPlllClbC aoopryca. Jlexap je l1y)!(aH na acnon.a MaKClIMaJlIlY OI\fOBOPHOCT npanaxon nocrann.an,a najarnose xoja 611 )!(CHY MOrJIa na nO)J.CTaKHC na npexnn TPYAHone. Ilpa TOM je sepyjyha nexap ny)!(aH na Mel\lll.\lIHCKC nonarxe ynopena ca 3arrOBCCTliMa xpaurhancxe caBeCTH.

154

155

rupajy IIa HaI\HOJIaJIHOM H MctYHapOAilOM lIHBOy. HaTI1 CHCTeM rneunnrra

(a~IllCBeCTI1. Ca npaBOCJIaBHC TaqKC mCAHIlITa, MOpaJJIIO CY HCAOIIYCTHBH 11 pa3J1HqHTI1 OOJJH~11 T3B. BalITCJJCCHOr OIIJJO~Clba, KO.ill IIOApa3YMCBa.iY IIpllnpCMY, KOH3cpBa~IIjy II HaMCp"O Y"IIIIITClbC "CYBHUIHUX" CMOpUOlla. Ynpaao je na cxnaran.y /l,a qaK U CMOpnOlll1 nocenyjy JbYACKO nocrojancrno 33CIIOBalia ~lOpaJIII3 IIpOl.Clla afiopryca, xojn UpKHa ocy~y.ic (B. 12.2).

OrlJI09CJhC ucynarnx )KCHa KOPHUIficJhCM I(OIlaTOpcKHX rrOJIHHX hcnata HIUI peannaaunja "pcrrp0J(yKTI1BIII1X npana" HCo)KCH,eHI1X MYlllKapaqa, a raxohe H JIHl\a ca T3B. ,. HcC'raHl1ap/~HoM cCKcyaJIHOM opajenranajou" nnntasa 6YJ(yfic l1eTC IIpaBa /~a HMa 11 oua 11 MajKY. Y norperia pCnpO)(yKTI1BHI1X cpencrasa 113Ban KOHTCKCTa OA nora 6JlarOCnoBcHc IIOPOAHl\C npencrasn.a jenau o6nHK oorotiopcrna, xoje cc ocrnapyje non nnaurroa 3aUlTHTC 'IOBCKOBe aYTOHoMHje 11 uaonaxo cxaahene CJIo60Ae JlWIHOCTI1.

12. 5. MC9Y JI,YACKI1M 60JICCTHMa, sna-rajan neo npnnana T3B. HaCJIeAHUM 60JlCCTI1Ma. Pasaoj MCAI1l\HHCKO-rCHCTCKI1X MCTOAa AHjarHocTHKC 11 JIe'lelba MO)KC IlOMOfiH Y ClIpe'IaBaH,Y TaKBHX 60JlCCTH H onaxurasas.y IIaTlhH MHorHX JbY/(I1. MC9YTHM, Tpe6aJIO 6H HMaTH na yMY na renercxa napyuranalba 'IeCTO )(OJIa3e xao nocnennua aafiopaarsan.a na MOpaJlHa naxena H xao pe3YJlTaT nopo-nror naxana )KHBOTa 3601' xojer crpanajy 11 1I0TOMl\H. TpeXOBHa n03Jle9CHOCT JbYAcKe rrpHpO)(C nooehyje ce AYXOBHHM nanopov; aKO 113 noxonersa Y IIOKOJIClbC IIOPOK rocnonapn Y )KHBOTY 1I0TOMCTBa ca CBC sehou cnaron, 06HCTHlhyjy ce pe'IH Cseror DHcMa: Ciupauiau je «pa] Heiipaeeouoi poga (ITPCM. CHp. 3: 19). HarrpOTHB, 6JWJI(eH ie '106eK «oju ce 60- ill Focuooa; y saitoeeciuusa lbe206lLW xlue(jHyhe 6eo,wa. MohHO he 611lUli na 3eJWJbll ce.we fbe2060, tioxonen.e itpaeux 6J1a2ocJw611he ce (Ilc. 111: 1-2). Ha raj Ha'Il1H, HCTpa)KI1BaJha y 06JIaCTH rCIICTHKC caMO nornphyjy /\YXOBHY saKOHHTOCT, xoja je ripe Mlloro BCKOBa orxpnneua .'hYllm!a Y pe-nt bO)Kl1joj.

Ilpaanavehu IIaJKIbY JJ.Y/I,H na !\lOpa.1HC ~JPOKC OO.lCCTIl, UPKBa ynope}J,O C THM nosnpaeaa nanope JJCKapa YCMcpcnc na .1CqClbC Hac.1C;J,HIIX OO;lCCTH. MC~YTHM, IIHJb rCIlCTCKC aurepnenuaje IIC OH rpefiano na 6y}J,c "ycaspmaaajse" JJ.Y}J,cKor pona H YDJJHTalbC Y liOJKHjH nnan 0 qOBCKY. 300r rora rCIlCTCKa repannja MOJKC )J,a ce CIIPOBO}J,H cano y3 camaCIIOCT nauajeura UJIH IbCrOBHX 3aKOHIITHX npC}J,CTaBHHKa H HCKJJ.yqHBO na ocnosy MC)J,HIIUIICKlIX 110- naraxa, fCHCTCKa repannja IIOJJHHX hennja xpajn.e je OlIaCHa jcp je IIOBC3alla C nponenoa reua (CBCYKynHocTH lIaCJIC}J,IIHX OCOOHHa) Y HH3Y IIOKOJJClha, llITO MOJKC }J,a nOByqC nccarncaane 1I0CJIC}J,H~C y BH}J,y 1I0RUX MyTa~Hja H }J,CCTaouJJH3alllljc paRIIOTCJKC H3MC~Y JbY}J,CKC 3ajC)(HU~C H cpemure xoja jy OKpYJKY.iC.

Y crrCCI1 y ACUlI1cppOBalbY rCHCTCKor KOI\a crnapajy peamlC npernocranKC sa llIIIPOKO rCHCTCKO TCCTHpaIbC, C 1\I1JI,CM OTKpHBatba I1flCPOpMal\l1ja 0 npupomroj jC)(I1HCTBCHOCTI1 CBaKGr 'IOBCKa, a 'rakohe 11 0 n.erosoj CKJIOIlO-

naje npe/(HOCT nOJIIHlj II counjannoj pcanmanaja JIlI'I1IOCTII Han 6pl1rOM 0 6y)(yfiHOCTH )(CTCTa, 0 I\YXOBHOM 11 cjJI13l1'IKOM 3/(paBJhY npyurraa, 0 n.erosoj MOpam{()j Cra6I1JJJIOCTH. Y CBeTY ce nocreneno crnapa Ol1HOC npexia JbYI(CKOM )KIIBOTY xao npcsra rrp0l(yKTY, xojn ce MO)KC u/.\a6paTII carnacno ca corrCTBClIl1M CKJIOHOCTI1Ma II xojan CC ~!O)Ke pacnonararn HCTO xao II ca Md-' Tcpl1jaJIHI1M BPCAIIOCTI1Ma.

Y MOJlIITBaMa 'II1Ha acn-ran,a I1paBOCJIaBlla UpKBa 1I3pa)KaBa scpy y TO na jc paban.c neue )KCJbeHII mIO)( 3aKOHI1TOr cynpY)KHIIIIITBa, lIaKO ono nnje II n-eron jeAI1HII l\HJI,. Ynopeno C "IIJIOAOM YTp06e na KOpIICT" sa cynpyxnnxe CC MOJle AapOBH nenponasue yaajavne Jhy6aBH, l\eJlOMYAPCHOCTH 11 "jeAI1HOMHCJll1ja nyme II TCJla". 3601' rora nYTCBC xa pa~alby }J,C~C, KOjH nucy carnacnn ca 3aMHCJJUMa Tnopua JKHBOTa, QpKBa ne MOJKC CMaTpaTH MOpaJJHO onpanaannna. AKO cy MyJK UJJH JKClla necnocofinn sa pahan,c )J.CTCTa, H aKO 'repaneyrcxn H xapypunca MCTO}J,H nesen.a IICIIJIO}J,nOCTH IIC 1I0MaJKY cyrrpyJKHH~HMa, TpCOaJJO OH }J,a ca CMHPCIbCM npHXBaTC CBOjy OC3}J,CTHOCT xao nocefiau rrpH311B. Tpefiano 6H }J,a y CJIHqllUM cJJyqajcBHMa rraCTHpCKC npenoPYKC pasnorpe MoryliHocT ycsajarsa }J,CTCTa YJ ofiocrpany camaCHOCT cynpYJKIIHKa. Y }J,03BOJJ.CHa CpC}J,CTBa MC}J,H~HHCKC rroMoliH MOJKC ce yopojaTH BCIIlTaqKO onnohen,e DOJJIIUM IiCJJHjaMa MYJKa, Oy}J,yliH na OHO IIC napymana IICJJOBHTOCT opaqnor canesa, He paannxyje CC 0)( IIPl1pO)J,Hor sa-rcha II 0)(1Irpasa ce Y KOHTCKCTY cynpyxna-ncnx onaoca.

MaHHrryJIa~Hjc BC3allC sa )J,Olla~Hjy 1I0JJIIHX hennja napyurasajy IICJJOBHTOCT JIHqHOCTH U HCKJbyqUBOCT 6paqllHX 0}J,1I0ca, nonynrrajyh» na ce y IbUX YMcma H rpeha crpana, OCIIM 'rora, TaKBa npaxca noja-rana HeOWOJ30pHO O'IlIHCTBO lIJIlI MaTcplIlICTBO, jep je OliO OTBopeHO OCJI060geHO CBaKe 06aBe3C npeMa OHI1Ma KOjlI cy "TeJIO OT( TCJIa" aHOHHMIUIX nonaropa. Koparnhen,e )J,OHaropcxor MaTepHjaJIa IIO)(pI1Ba TeMCJbC nopona-nrax onnoca jep nonpasyaesa na nere, OCI1M "counjannnx" I1Ma H TaK03BaIIC "6110.'IOlllKC" PO)(IITCJbC. "Cyporarno MaTcpHIICTBO" rj, ynomeise OIIJI0geIIC jajne hennje y )KeHY xoja naKOH pohen,a npaha nere "nopY'IlIOI~HMa" rrpOTHBnpHpOAHO je H MOpaJlHO HeAonYCTHBO '[aK II Y OHIIM CJlY'IajcBHMa Ka)( CC ocrsapyje na HCKOMCpl\lIjaJlIIoj OCHOBI1. Taj MeTO/\ npcrnocrann,a pyuren,e l1y60Ke CMOTIIBHe II AYXOBHe 6J1HCKOCTH xoja ce 1I3Me9Y ACT era 11 MajKc ycnocraan,a jour TOKOM TPYAHOfic. "CypOl'aTHO MaTepHHCTBO" rpayunpa KaKO )KCHY xoja HOCH nere H 'Il1ja CC MaTepHHCKa ocehan.a rase, TaKO H casro ACTe xoje xacnnje MO)Ke AO)KIIBCTI1 KPH3Y

• Tpc6a 06pJTlITl1 nalKH.Y HJ TO /1J nn ce MYIlIKC nonuc hermjc /106njajy xrucr'ypfiaIll1jOM. KOjJ je rpcx. II 113 Jln ce HCKH 0/1 3J'leTIiX nnouona YHIIWT31lajy npiL11IKOM neWTJ'Ixor onnohcu.a (Han. cp6. npnpl.

156

157

C'I'If xa pa3HIfM 60JIeCTIfMa. Crsapau.e "rCHCTCKOr nacoma" , y3 pa3YMHO KOpnurhen,e ,!106lljelIIfx rtonaraxa, rrOMOmO 6ll na ce npaBOBpCMeHO xopuryje pasaoj 60JIeCTll KOjC cy Moryhe aa HeKOr KOHKpeTHOr 'IOBeKa. MeI)YTIfM, nocroja pCaJIHa OrraCHOCT 01\ snoynorperie renercxnx nonaraxa, npa KOjOj ona Mory na rrOCJIY)l(c sa pa3JIWIIfTC CPOpMC ,!1IfCKpIflo.mHal~lljc. OCllM rora, HOCCnosan,e llHCPOpMallllje 0 HaCJIe,!1Hoj CKJIOHOCTIf npeua TeIIIKIfM 60JIeCTllMa MO)l(e rrOCTaTIf HcrrOI\IIOmJI,IfBIf ,!1YIIICBHIf TCpCT. 360r rora rCHCTCKa H)J,CIITHcJlHKa~Hja U rCIICTCKO TCCTUpatbC Mory na CC ocrnapyjy casro na OCHOBY ysaacanan,a CJI0(0)J,C JIH'lIlOCTU.

Ll,BOjHU xapaxrep HMajy U MCTO)J,H "pCHaTaJIHC ))'HjarHocTuKC, KOjIf ,!10- nyurrajy ,!1a ce HaCJICHHa 60JICCT yTBP,!1If jour y paHIfM CTaHlljYMllMa ynyrapyTp06Hor pasnoja. HCKH 0)), THX MCTo)),a Mory )),a npeacraan.ajy npern.y sa iKHBOT H ~CJIOBHTOCT recrapanor cM6pHoHa HJIH nnona, Orxpasaise TemKO 113JIe'IIfBe IfJIIf HeI13JIe'IIfBe 60JIeCTIf rrocraje rr0,!1CTI111aj aa npexnn 3a'ICTor )l(IfBOTa. TI03IIaT je cnyxaj xana je na pO,!1IfTe1I>e spnrea TaKaB rrpl1TI1CaK. Ilpenaranua )J,l1jarnocTuKa MOiKC ce cnarpam MOpaJIHO oupanaanou YKOJIHKO je ona YCMcpCHa ua J1C'lCIhC OTKPHBCHHX 60JlCCTI1 Y mTO je Moryhc pallujuM cJla3aMa, a TaKol)c U na npanpeny PO)J,uTCJ1>a sa nocefiny 6pHry 0 60JICCIIOM )J,CTcTy. Ilpaso na )l(IfBOT, n.yoan U 6pury I1Ma CBaKI1 'lOBCK, He3aBIfCHO 0,!1 rora ,!1a JIll lIMa OBC lIJII1 OHe 60JIeCTlI. CamaCHO CBCTOM TII1CMY, CaM Eor je eauuuuiunux ciuuiux (JY,!1I1T. 9; 11). ArrOCTOJI TIaBJIC noysana ,!1a rpefia iiouaiaiuu ueuohuuua (D,cJIa an. 20; 35, yrrop. ca 1. COJI. 5: 14). Ynonoon.yjyh» U;PKBY 'IOBe'IIfjeM TeJIY, OH xaxe na ygOBU iiiena «oiu ce 'wile ga cy cnatiuiu, ueoiixoouu cy ... a na jc Malhe caspurenaaa norpefinaje seha 6pl1ra (B. 1. Kop. 12; 22-24). TIOTIIYHO je nenonycrnna rrplIMeHa MeTO,!1a npenaranne nnjaruoCTlIKe C lllIJheM na P0,!1I1TC1I>11 113a6cpy )l(eJhCHI1 non 6yuyhcr ,!1CTCTa.

12.6. Knoaapan,e (,!106I1jalhe renercxe xonnje ) )!(I1BOTl1lha, xoje cy naysHI111lI seh OCTBaplIJII1, rrOCTaB1I>a naraa,e 0 ,!103BmbeHOCTI1I1 MoryhHM rrOCJIe,!1l1- llaMa KJIOHUpalha 'IOBCKa. PCaJI1I3alllIja re aneje. xoja je HalIIIIJIa na nporecr BeJII1KOr 6poja 1I>y,!1l1lImpOM CBeTa, MOrJIa 611,!1a nocraae paaopna sa ,!1pyIIITBO. Y jour sehea CTeneHY Hero OCTaJIe penpO,!1yKTI1BHe TeXHHKe, xnorrapan,e OTBapa MoryhHOCTll aa MaHlIrrYJIalllljy reaercxmr canpxajea JIlI'lHOCTl1ll nonpanoCll IbeHOM ,!1a1I>eM 06C3Bpcl)lIBalhY. Hoaex HeMa npaso na nperennyje na ynory TBOPlla y CTBapaI-bY ce611 CJIWIHlIX 61lha llJIll na sa lhllX 0,!1a61lpa renercxe npoTOTllnOBe, onpehyjyh« lhlIXOBe JIll'lHOCHe xapaxrepncraxe npeaa corrCTBeHOM Haxol)eI-bY. 3aMHcao xnonapan-a npeacrann,a U3a30B casro] 'IOBCKOBOj npnpo)),H H ofipasy liOiKUjCM xoja [e Y Ihy nOJlOiKCH a 'IHjU je HCOTyl)HBH )),CO CJI0(0)),a H jC)),UHCTBCHOCT J1l1'lHOCTI1. "Konapan,e" 1I>YHlI aa OCHOBY aanarax napaxerapa MO)J(e 61lTlI rrO)l(C1I>IW cauo sa npacrannue roramrrapaax nneonoraja.

KJIOlIIfpalhC 'IOBeKa y crarsy je na 1l30IIa<I11 npaponne OCHOBe pahan,a .reue, xpsaor CpO,!1CTBa, MaTCpllHCTBa II OIIIfHCTBa. Ilere MO)J(e na nOCTaHC CCCTpa cnoje MajKe, 6paT csora ona lIJIIf xhep csora ,!1C,!1C. Kpajn.e cy on acne II rrCllXOJIOllIKC rrOCJlCnlIIIC xnonnpau,a. lJ:oBeK, KOjII je nourao na CBeT xao pe3YJITaT TaKBC npouenype. Morao 61I na ce ocern xao HccaMOCTaJIHa JIWIHOCT, a npCBaCXOnHO xao "xonnja" HCKor on )l(lIBllX llJIll on Jhy,!1ll KOjl1 cy panujc )J(I1BeJII1. Taxohe CC Mopa Y3eTI1 y 0631lp na 611 "yarpenna pe3YJITa'I'll" eKCIIepllMCHaTa C xnonnpan.ea 'IOBeKa HeMI1HOBHO nOCTaJIll MHor06pojHll HeOAp)l(llBI1 )l(lIBOTIf If, aajseposarauje, pahan.e MHor06pojHor nOTOMCTBa xoje 61I 6IIJIO necnocofino sa )l(I1B01'. Ynopeno C THM, KJIOHHpalhC 1130- JIOBaHHX hCJIHja U TKUBa opranmaa IIC npC)),CTaBJ1>a nanan ua )),OCTojaHcTBo JIU'IHOCTU H Y 'lUTaBOM HU3Y CJIY'lajcBa noxasyje CC xao KOPHCIIO y 6HOJIOIIIKOj II MC)),H~HIICKoj npaxcn.

12. 7. Canpeuena TpallCnJIaHTOJIOmja (reopnja II npaxca npecahasaIba oprana II rxaaa) norryurra na cc YKa)J(c ,!1eJIOTBOpna noscoh ~1HOrIIM 60- JIeCHlIlllIMa xojn cy panaje 61lJIll ocyhena na CMpT IIJIlI 'reurxa IfHBaJIll,!1IfTCT. Ynopeno C TIfM, pasaoj ,!1aTC MC,!1IfllIfHCKe 06JIaCTIf, ysebaaajyha norperiy sa HCOrrXO,!1HIfM opranaxra, crsapa onpehene MOpaJIHe rrpofinene If MO)J(e ripenCTaBJhaTIf orraCIIOCT sa rtpyurrso. Taxo uecasecna nponaranna ,!10HaTOpcTBa If KOMepI(IfjaJIIf3alll1ja 'rpaacnnanrauaoue ,!1eJIaTHOCTIf crsapa npernocrasKC sa rprosaay ,!1eJIOBIfMa JhY,!1CKOr TeJIa, nperehn )J(lIBOTY II 3,!1paBJhY Jhy,!1If. QpKBa cMaTpa na ce J1>Y)),CKI1 oprann HC Mory nOCMaTpaTlI xao 06jcKaT KynOBUHC 11 nponaje. Ilpecahanan,e opralla 0)), iKHBor nonaropa MOiKC ce aaCIIHBaTH caao na )),OOPOBOJbIlOM cauonosqrraoaan-y pa)),H cnacaaan,a iKHBO'ra )),pyror 'IOBCKa. Y TOM cnysajy, camaCIIOCT sa CKCnJIaHTa~Hjy (BaI)ClbC oprana) npC)),CT3BJ1>a npojasy JbyoaBH U cacrpanaa,a. UOTclI~ujaJIHH nonaTOp, MCI)YTHM, Mopa OHTH nOTHYHO HllcJlopMHcaH 0 MoryhHM nOCJIC)),H~aMa CKCnJIaIlTa~Hjc oprau a no IbcrOBO 3iJ,paBJ1>C. MopaJIlIO je Hc)),onYCTHBa OHa CKCnJIaHTal.Hja xoja nenocpcnno yrpoiKaBa iKHBOT nonaropa. Hajpacnpocrpan.euuja jc npaxca Y3IfMalha oprana 0,!1 TCK npeMIfHyJIIfX Jhy,!1ll. Y TaKBIIM CJIY'lajeBIfMa, Mopa 6lITll ncxn.y-reua CBaKa nejacnoha y onpebasaa.y TpCHyTKa CMpTIf. HCllpUXBaTJ1>lIBO je npexpahnnan-e iKUBOTa jenaor 'lOBCKa, na y TOM CMHCJlY H o)),pH~aIhC 0)), nponenypa xoje no)),piKaBajy iKHBOT, C ~HJbCM na CC npO)),yiKH iKUBOT )),pyroM 'IOBCKY.

Ha OCHOBY 60)J(aHCKor OTKpOBClba, UpKBa IfCnOBC,!1a sepy y TeJIeCHO BaCKpCeH,e MpTBIIX (B. He. 26; 19, PIfM. 8; 11, 1. Kop. 15; 42-44 II 52--54, ¢IfJIlInJh. 3; 21). Y oopeny xpnuthaacxor norpc6a U;pKBa ucxasyje rrOIIITOBalhe, KaKBO nonnxyje TeJIY npenmrynor II0BCKa. TIocMpTHa nonannja oprana II TKllBa MO)J(C na 6y,!1c npojana Jhy6aBll, xoja ce pacnpocrupe H ca OHe crpane

15R

159 .icjcrnyjy cauo nojcAl1Hl1 opramr, HC MO)KC cc cxarpara sa ooaseaaa 11 Y CBaKOM cnyxajy nozcen.an sanarax MCnI1liI1HC. Onnararsc cxpruora -raca IIOHCKan cano npOI\Y)KaBa M)'KC 60JICCHI1Ka, JII1IIIaBajyhl1l(OBCKa npasa na nocrojan, "MI1- paH 11 IICnOCTI1)WH xpaj", KOjl1 npaBOCJIaRIU1 xpmnhann TOKOM 60rOCJlY)KClha Tpa)KC O)~ Tocnona. Ka)1 aKTI1Rlla reparmja IIOCTaHC HCMOI'yha, 'rpefiarto 611 Aa lhCHO MCCTO 3aY3Mc naJII1jaTI1BIIa nouoh (anccreanja, ncra, cOIiHjaJIHa 11 nCHXOJIOllIKa II())lpJIlKa), a raxohe 11 nacrnpcxa opnra. ('BC TO HMa sa liHJh na 06C3- 6CnH YIICTllHY n.yncxo OKOH'lalhC )KHROTa, Y3 TOIIJIllllY MllJIOcpl)a H JI,y6aBII.

Ilpanccnasno CXBaTalhC HCnOCTll/iHOr xpaja YKJLY'lyjC II IIPHIlPCMY sa CMpTlIll HCXO/i KOjH CC csiarpa 3a nyxosno sna-tajny erany JbYJlCKOI )KHBOTa. Eynyh« oKpY)KCn xpIIlIIhaHCKOM 6pllrOM, 60JICCHHK MO)KC H Y IIOCJIC/iILl1M JlaHHMa cnor 3CMaJI,CKOr nocrojan.a ua nO)Kl1Bl1 6JIarOnaTlIY npoueny, nOBC- 3aHY C HOBHM pa3Ml1IIIJhalhCM 0 IIPCl)cHoM nyry H C IIoKajHl1'lKllM crajau.ev npcn sc-mourhv. 3a pohaxe yMHpyhcI, xao 11 aa MCnHlIHHCKC pa)iHHKC, rpneJbHRa nera 60JICCHHKa nocraje MoryhHoCT na CJIY)KC CaMoM rOCnO)iY, npeua CnaCHTCJbCRl1M pC'IHMa: Kag Y'Il/HIiCIUe ieono.« oo OBe Moje Haj.ltlllhC tipahe. MeHII Y'llIHIICIUe (MT. 25; 40). CKpHBaTll O)~ naunjenra l1HcpopMalilljy 0 TCllIKOM cTalLY IbcrOBC 60JICCTH nOA H3("(lBOPOM 6pHrc 0 IbcrOBOM I1YIIICBHOM MHPY 'ICCTO 3Ha'II1 nnmanau,e YMHpyhcra MoryhnocTll CBCCIIC IIpHIIpCMC aa OKOH'lalbC H AYXOBHC YTCXC KaKBa CC 3a/i0611ja Kp03 yueurhe y CBCTllM TajllaMa UpKBC. I1C'f(lBPCMCHO, TaKBO rtpaxpnnau,c noxrpa-ryjc IICIIOBCPClbCM lhCroB ouuoc npeua pobanmra H JICKapHMa.

Ilpencnprua !J>H3HqKa crpanarsa IIC Mory CC YBCK c!J>HKaCIIO YKJlOHH1'H IIpHMeHOM allCC1'CTHqKHX cpencrana, 3Hajyhll sa TO, UpKBa Y TI1M cnyrajeBHMa yrryhyje MOJIHTBY Bory: "P,13PCIUH cnyry Tsora O)i OBllX IICIIOI\IIOmJI,HBHX MyKa H n.yre 60JI,KC, H ynoxoj ra rne cy AYXOBH npanemmx" (Tpe6HlIK, MOJ1lI1UBU JU ouoia KOjll ce c gYIlIOJt 6opll). JCAllHO je rOClIOI1 Focnonap )KllBOTa H cnpra (1. CaM. 2; 6): !be.lt)' je )' pvuu oyiua ceeia »cueoia II gvx CB(lKOia iuena noeenuieia (JOB 12; 10). 300r rora QpKBa, ocrajyhn nepna O'IYBalh y 3anOBCCTll EO)Kl1jc: "He y6llj! " (2. Mojc. 20; 13), lie MO})(C na xao MOpaJiHO onpaanane IIPHXB3T" cana BCI1IIIHPOKO pacnpocrpan.ene Y CBCTY 1I0KYUIajC aeranmauaje T3B. eyrauasuje "JI" naaepnor YOHjalha 6e3I1a)),C})(HO 6oJlcCIIHX (YKJbyqyjyl1H " one KOjH TO caMH })(CJlC). MOJI6a 60JICCHHKa Aa MY CC y6p3a CMpT nOHCKa/i je YCJIOBJhClIa CTalLCM nenpccnje, KOjC ra JIllIIIaBa -MOryhnocrn na npaBHJIHO npoueun cnoj I10JIO)Kaj. Ilpnsuasan,c 3aKOHHTOCTH CYTaHa3H.ic /iOBCJrO 6H no YMalhclha nocrojaucrsa II naorrauen,a nporpecnoHaJIIIC /iY)KHOCTll JICKapa, xoja jc n03BaH na o-rysa a HC na npexparn )KllBOT. "Ilpano na CMpT" JlaKO ce MO)KC IIpeTBOpHTIl y IIpCTlbY aa })(HBOTC OHHX nauajenara, sa qHjc JlCqClbC nenocrajy HOBqalla CpC)J,CTBa.

CMpTH. Mcl)YUIM, nap TaKBC BPCTC llJIH TaKBO aanenrran,e HC Mory CC CMaTpaTH aa 'IOBCKOBY 06aBt:3y. 360r 'rora .ie ):(OOPOBOJbIla CarJIaCIIOCT 1\0](aTOpa, xojy 'IOBCK naje aa )KHBOTa, YCJIOB aa 3aKOIII1TOCT II MopaJlllY npnxsaTJbI1BOCT CKCIIJIaHTat~Hje. Y CJIY'JajcBHMa xan jc nexapuxta HCIl03IIaTa BOJha nOTCIIl(lljaJIIW], nonaropa OHll cy /iY)KHll na pasjacnc BOIh), YMllpyhcr I1JUI YMpJIOr 'IOBcKa, oopahajyhn CC, aKO je TO nOTpCOIIO, IbcrOBllM pobanana. TaK03Bany npCTnOCTaBKY 0 CarJIaCHOCTll nOTcHlIlljaJIJIOr )iOIIaTOpa, xoja je vrnpbena Y 3aKOHO/iaBCTBY MHorllX 3CMaJha, UpKBa Cl\1clTpa nCI(OIlYCTHBllM napymanatseu 'IOBCKOBC CJIo60nc.

J~(JHaTOpCKC opraue H TKHBa npacnaja ocoria xoja llX npllMa (pennnnjCIIT), II OIlH CC YKJI,Y'Iyjy Y crpcpy IhcrOBor JIll'IHOClIOr, ,uYXOBHO-TCJICCHOf jenmrcrna. 300r 'rora HH y KaKBHM OKOJlIIOCTHMa ne MO})(C OHTH oupasnana oua rpancnnanraunja xoja Oll sa C060M MOrJla ua nonyse npcrn.y sa H)J,CHTllTCT penunujcnra, 1I0HllIIITaBajyl1H IbcrOBY je)J,HHCTBCIIOCT xao JIH'IIIOCTH II xao IIpC)J,CTaBHHKa BpCTC. Taj YCJIOB CC nOCCOHO Mopa llMaTH na yMy npnJIllKOM pemaaan.a mrran,a seaauux sa npecabnnan,c 'rxnna II oprana )KllBOTlllhCKOI' ](OpCKJIa.

3a 6e3YCJIOBII0 IIC)J,OIlYCTHBe QpKBa CMaTpa ynorpefiy MCTO)l,a TaKO- 3BaHC $CTaJlIIC repanaje, y 'mjoj je OCIIOBll Y311MalbC II KopI1IuhCIhC rxnna H oprana JI,y,uCKHX cM6pllOlIa, atioprnpanux y pa3HllM paanojnav cranajyvaMa, pana noxyuraja JIC'IClba pasnnx 60JICCTll II "no,u~lJIal)llBafba" opraun- 3Ma. Ocyl)yjyhH aoopryc xao CMpTHH rpex, UpKBa IIC MO)KC na ra onpasna y cnyxajy ria he, MO)K/ia, ynnurreu.e 3a'IC1'Or n.yncxor iKIIBOTa. KOPHCTHTH He'mjeM 3ApaBJbY. HCll36c)KHO nonpanoccha JOIII sehoj pacnpocrpan.enocrn H KOMcpqHjaJIH.3aJiHjl1 ariopryca, TaKBa npaxca 6ll ('IaK II aKO 6lllhCHa l\CJIOTBOPlIOC1', xoja jc cana cauo XHIIOTCTll'IKa, 6llIla HaY'III0 I\OKa3alIa) 6HJIa npnMCP HC/iOnYCTHBor HCMOpaJIa II llMa 3JIO'IHlIa'IKll xapaxrep.

12.8. Ilpaxca Y3HMalha JbY/iCKllX oprana, IIOfO/iHIIX sa rpancnnanraunjy a raxohe H pasnoj pcaumraunje, crsapajy IIpo6.'1C~1 npasunne KOHCTaTannje TpcIIyTKa CMpTll. Pannje cc sa xpnrepajya fbCIIor nacrynan,a cvarpao HCIIClBpaTlIll IIpCKHI\ nncan,a II xpnoroxa. MCI)YTllM, saxsan.yjyha ycaapmanan.y pCaHHMa'-lllOHHX TCXHHKa TC )KHBOTIIO Ba)KHC CPYHKqHjc Mory cc BCurra-nor OAP)KaBaTH TOKOM /iY)Ker nepnona. YHH CMpTH cc na 'raj Ha'IHIl npcrnapa y IIpOI~CC YMllpalha KOjH 3aBHCH 01\ O)VIYKC JICKapa a uno na canpeueI1y MCl1llI\HHY nOJIa)KC KBaJIHTaTllBHO HOBY onrOBOpHOCT.

Y CBCTOM nHCMY, CMpT ce npencrann,a xao pa3J1Y'lcIhC nyme 0)1, TCJla (nc. 145; 4 II JIK. 12; 20). Ha Taj naunn, MO})(C cc roBoPHTH 0 IIpo)J,Y)KaRaIbY })(HBOTa )1,0 01101' rpenyrxa, )),OKJIC cc ocrnapyje )l.CJlaTHOCT opramnaa xao ueJlHIIC. Ilponyxcanan,« )KHBOTa BCIIITalJKHM CPCAcTBllMa, npH KOjCM rpaKTll'IKI1

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Ha raj HaqHH, eyrauaanja npencrann.a jenan BUll. YOUCTBa UJIll CaMOYOUCTBa, 3aBHCHO on rora na JIH y n.oj Y'ICCl'ByjC H CaM nannjenr. Y TOM CJIyIIajy, na CYTaHa3Hjy CC npaven.yjy onpeheua KaHOHCKa npanuna npeva KOjHMa HaMcpHO caMoy6HcTBO, xao H novob y IbCroROM H3BpWaBal:hY, npencraarsajy TC)J(aK rpex: "HaMcpHU caMOYOHl.a, KOjH jc TO YIIHHHO 3601' JhyP,CKC yBpcp,e HJIH 3601' nexor npyror cny-raja a yCJICp, MaJIOp,YWHOCTH, He MOIKe OUTU YII.OCTOjCH xpmuhancxor uorpefia H JIUTyprHjcKor noxena" (14. rrpaBHJIO Tuvoreja AJICKC.). YKOJIHKO je canoyoaua HCCBeCIIO JIHIIIHO cefie )KHBOTa, y "TpeHYI~HMa 6c3YMJha", Op,HOCHO TOKOM uanana nyuiesne 60JICCTlI, nonynrra ce MOJIHTBa aa n.era HaR:OH UITO Hap,Jle)KHH apxajepej HcnHTa T)' crnap, Ynopeao C THM, rpefia UMaTU ua yMY na KPUBHI~Y caMoyou~C lI.eJIe U JbYII.U KOjU ra OKpYIKyjy, KOju cy ce noxasann xao uecnocofinu sa lI.eJIOTBOpno cacrpanan,e u sa npojany MUJIOCp~a. UpKBa n03HBa sajenao C anOCTOJIOM TIaBJIOM: Hocuiiie tipeueua jeoa« opvioia II iiuu:o uciiynuiue 3al\OH XPlictUOB (Tanar. 6; 2).

12. 9. CBeTo llUCMO U yqClbC QpKBe Hell.BOCMUCJIeHO ocy~yjy XOMOCCKcyaJIHC IIOJlHe BC3e, 6yp,yhu ua Y IbHMa BHp,C nopOIIHO naona-ren,e OA nora CTBOPCHC IIOBCKOBe npapone. Ko 611 scyuucapua otinexao «ao JlCeHY, vuuuutue zagHy ciueap otioiuua (3. Mojc. 20; 13). EH6JIuja cnenoxa 0 TCWKOj Ka3HH xojy je, KaKO TYMaqe CBeTH Oua, ynpano 360r rpexa MY)KCJIOWTBa nor noCJIao aa )KHTeJbe Conova (B. 1. Mojc. 19; 1-29). Kapaxrepauryhn MOpaJIJ!O cran-e naraacxor CBeTa, anOCTOJI TIaBJIC y6paja XOMoccKcyaJIHC Op,HOCC MCbv "najcpaxraaje CTpaCTU" H "pa3BpaTIlOCTU" xoje CKpnaBC JhYACKO TCJIO: 11 scene fbUXOBe iipeiueopuiue iipupoono ytlozUpe6JbaBafbe y iipotuueupupocHO. A lICtUO LuaKO U uyuucapuu OCzUaBliB1Uli iipupoouo yiiOlUpe6JbaBQfbe JlCeua, paciianuiue ce JlCeJbOM CBOjOM jecau na gpyzoza, scyuoauniu co JWyllll\apULIMa suuehu cpau, tipuuaiytiu ua ce611 ooioeapajytiy ii,7aLUY 3(1 C60j), 3a6J1Ygy (PUMJh. 1; 26--27). He eapajiue ce ... HU pyxotinyanuuu uu .MYJlCeJlOJICHIlWI. .. nehe uacneouiuu llapciueo EOJIClIje, nncao je anOCTOJI )KHTCJhHMa paaaparHOI' KopUHTa (1. Kop. 6; 9-10). CBeToOTa'IKo npenan,e jacno H onpebeno ocyhyje CBaKO HCIIOJhaBalbC xouocexcyanaaua. "Y sen.e ,IJ,BaHaecTopHI~C anoCTOJIa", nena CB. BaCUJIHja BCJIHKOr, JOBaHa 3JIaTOYCTor, I'pnropuja H3 HHCC. 6JIa)Kcnor Aarycrnna H KaHOHH CIl. JOBaHa Ilocaaxa aspaxasajy nenoKO.1C6HBO yres,e UpKBe: XOMoccKcyaJIHC BC3C cy rpeume H nOAJIe)KY OCyp,H. .nYJII KOjH cy y IbHX YITJICTeHU HCMajy npano na 6yp,y MCl)y qpKIlCHHM KJIHpmll7. npaBUJIO CB. BaCHJIHja BeJIHKOr, 4. npannno CB. I'pnropuja H3 Hace, 30. npanano CB. JOBaHa TIocHHKa). Oopahajyha ce OHHMa, KOjH cy CC ynJICJIH y rpex conosrnje, npcnOp,06JIH MaKCHM fPK je rOBopHO: "Iloanajre, necpehHIIUII. xaxnoj ere CC HCIIHCTOj HaCJIap,lI npenana! TIOTpyp,lITC CC ua lIlTO rrpe

'JYCTaHeTe on re najne-tacrnje H najcapanaaje HaCJIaAe 1I ua je OMp3HCTC. Onora, xoja TBpp,ll p,a je OHa 6C3a3JIeHa, npenajre BCIIHoj aHaTCMH xao npoT1!BHlIKa EBaHI)CJha XpHCTa CnaClITCJba H xao onora KOjll ra naona-ryje. OnnLTIITe CC UCKPCHHM noxajan.ev, TOnJIHM CY3aMa, MOJIHTBOM H naBalbCM MH.10CTlIlbC KOJIHKO rOI~ jc TO Y sautoj Mohll. CBOM CROjOM nyuroi« OMP31111TC TO lie36o)KHllUlTBO, p,a IIC 6HCTe 6HJIli ClIIlOBH npOKJICTCTBa H ne-me nponacrn."

Y caBpeMCIIOM ApyWTBy, nncxycxje 0 110JIO)Kajy TaK03BaHHX "rrOJIHHX ~!albUHa" noxaayjy reunenunjy na xovoccxcyanaaav CXBaTe He xao rrOJIHY 1130rraqCHOCT nero xao jenny on "ccKcyaJIIIlIX opajenranaja", xoja HMa jCAnaxa npasa ua jasno H3pa)KaBalhC 1I ysaacaaau,e. TIpaBOCJlaBHa UpKBa no.la311 op, HerrOKOJle611BOr CTaI!OBlIlJITa ua 6orOYCTaIlOBJhCHH 6palIIlH caBC3 vrytuxapua H )KeHe HC MO)Ke HH na ce ynopenn C U30rraQCIIHM ucrtorsasatsnsra cCKcyaJIHOCTH. OHa XOMoccKcyaJI1I3aM CMaTpa rpCXOBHOM rr03JIcl)cHOwhy JhYI\CKC npnpone, a nITO cc npeaaaaaaau AYXOBHHM aanoposr KOjH BOp,lI xa HCI~CJIelby H JIllqHOCHOM Y3paCTaIbY lIOIlCKa. XOMoccKcyaJIHC TC)KIhC ce .1CqC, xao 1I octane CTpaCTlI KOjC MylIC nanor 'IOIlCKa. OHC CC JIC'IC CIlCTHM T ajnava, MOJIlITBOM, nOCTOM. noxajan.exr, l.IlITalhCM Cseror Ilacua H CBCTOOTal.IKIIX ACJIa, xao H xpaurhancxa» onurrcn.exr C nepyjyhu» Jb yp,HMa, cnpenHIlMa na npY)KC AYXOBHY nOi1pWK)".

Oll.nocebll ce c naCTHpCKOM naIKlbOM npCMa JbYlI.lIMa KojllllMajy XOMOcexcyanne CKJIOnOCTlI, QpKBa ce lICTOBpeMeHO oany-mo npOTHBH noxyuraJUMa na ce rpeurna Tenll.CH~Hja npencrana xao "nopna", a YTOJIHKO npe na ce npell.CTaBH xao npenaer roplI.OCTU u npUMep sa nonpascasarse. Ynpaso 3601' rora, UpKBa ocyhyje cBaKY nponaranny XOMoccKcyaJIH3Ma. He ocnopasajyha HliKOMC JIlI'IHa npasa aa )KHBOT, aa ysascasaa,e JIlI'IHOr nocrojanCTBa 1I y-renrhe y APYWTBCHHM p,CJIHMa, UpKBa, MCI)YTlIM, CMaTpa na JIlI~HMa, xoja nponarnpajy xouocexcyarma HalmH )KlIBOTa, He 611 rperiano nonycrnTli na ce 6aBc npenasauxan, sacmrra-noos HJIli HCKHM CJIH'IHlIM rrOCJIOM BC- 3aHHM aa neuy H OMJIap,lIHY (anonecuetrre}, xao WTO HC 6H rpebano HH na 3ay311Majy crapeunmcxe IlOJIO)Kajc y BOjCUli HJIli Y nonpasnaa YCTaHOBaMa.

TIOBPCMcHO CC 1I30rra'IClba rsyncxe cCKcyaJIHOCTli ncnon.aaajy y rpopMH OOJIeCHOr ocehan.a npananuocru cynporuo« nOJIY, ImjH jc pC3YJITaT 110- KYIIlaj na ce nponeua non (TpaHcccKcYaJIU3aM). Texca,a sa onpanan.eu OA npananaocrn OHOM nOJIY KOjll je Tsopau nonapao IIOBCKY MO)KC na UMa IICKJhYIIllBO noryoae IIOCJICnllue sa p,an,H paasoj JIlI'IHOCTII. "Ilpovena nona" nocpencrnov XOPMOHCKor nejcrsa II cnpoaobca.a xnpypiuxor 3aXBaTa y najIlChCM 6pojy CJIYIlajcBa HC P,OBOAII no peurasan,a nCHXOJIOIIlKliX rrp06JICMa Hero AO IbHXOBor ynnocrpy-ren,a, pahajyha Ay60KY YUYTpatIIIbY KPII3Y· UpKBa He MO)KC na o/\06pll Ty BPCTY "II06yHC nporas Tnopna" 1I na sa crnapny

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npII3Ha BeWTa'IKI1 II3MeibeHY nOJIHY npI1IlaAHOCT. AKo je 'IOBeK 113BPUII10 "npOMeHY nona" npc KpWTCJba, OH MO)Ke npl1cTynIITI1 OBOj CB. TajHI1 KaO 11 CBaKI1 npyrn I'peWHI1K. Me!)YTI1M, Ilpxna ra KpCTI1 KaO npunannaxa ouor nOJIa, y KojCM je pO!)CH. PYKorrOJIO)KCJbC TaKBOI' 'IOBCKa 11 JbCrOBO crynan.e y qpKBeHI1 fipax cy lIeAonYCTHBI1.

Tpefiano 611, Me!)YTI1M, npaBI1TI1 pa3JIl1KY 113MC!)Y rpauccexcyanaaua 11 ~e~IpaBIIJIHC H,lIcHTl1qmKaql1jc TIOJme npanannocra y panoa ACTHJbCTBY, KOja JC pe3YJITaT JIeKapCKc rpeurxe 11 nOBC3aHa je C naTOJIOmjoM paasoja nOJIHI1X ooenexja. Y AaTOM cny-rajy, Xl1pypIIIKa xopexunja HeMa xapax'rep npoMelle nOJIa.

13. QPKBA H EKOJIOllKH IIPOBJIEMH

13. 2. O)l,IIOCI1 H3Me~y 'IOBeKa H npHpO)l,e xoja ra OKpyJKyje OlIJIH cy aapyuieun jOIII y npenacropajcxoa npeneay, 'IeMY jc YJpOK OHO 'IOBeKOB rpexonan H IbcrOBO oryhen,e Oil. Bora. I'pcx KOjl1 cc 3a'ICO Y -rosexoaoj AYlUl1 ,hlr\'6110 jc yTI1l~aO He cauo na n.cra caxiora nero H na 'IHTaB CBCT OKO n.cra. T eap ce tioxopu iiuuuiuuuu. He ()(j ceoie BOJbe, ueio 360z OH02Cl «oiu ie itotcopu. ca naoo« ga he ce II ca,lfa IUfWP ocnotioquiitu og POUOfWH,Cl npollagJbll60- .iiu! ua cnotioay c.,1a6e oeue Eoscuie. Jep 3HaJW qa CBa iiieap sajeono vsquiue 1/ luyzyje go caoa (PI1M. 8: 20-22). Y npI1pOAH CC, xao y OrJICAaJIY, onpaano :rPBI1 tlOBCKOB npecryn. vb ccvcna rpexa, xoje je no-reno na ncjcrsyje Y'IOBCKOBOM CpIW, H3paCJIO jc, KaKO CBeJ\OtlI1 CBCTO TII1CMO, "rpn,e 11 KOPOB" na 3eMJbl1 (B. 1. Mojc. 2; 18). Ilocrano je uenoryhe IIoTnYHo oprancxo jeJ\I1H('TBO 'IOBCKa 11 CBeTa xoju ra oxpyxyje, KaKBO je nocrojano J\O rpexonana (1, Mojc. 2; 19-20). Y CBOjl1M OJ\HOCI1Ma C npaponon, xojn cv Ao611JIH norpolUatlKI1 xapaxrep, JbYAI1 cy ce CBC -reurbe PYKOBO,llHJIH CrOI1CTI1'IlII1M n06Y/\<1- xra. TIOtIeJIH cy na satiopaan.ajy na jc jCJ\HIIH Tocnonap BaCeJbCIIC Eor (B. TIc. 23: 1), KojeM npunanajy He60 1I 3e.lUha II CBe IIIIUO ie HCl teo] (5. Mojc. 10; 14) ]OK je, I1CTOBpeMeHO, 'IOBeK casro vnpamrren., KOjCM je nonepeuo 6oraTCTBO ]OH,er CBeTa, KaKO ce 113pa3110 CB. JOBaH J:laToycnl. To 60raTc1'Bo, OJ\HOCHO 'Ba3J\Yx, cynue, BOAY, 3eMJhY, Hc60, "IOpC, CBCT,10CT II 3BC3J\C EoI' je", KaKO npawchyje osaj I1CTI1 CBeTHTeJh, "noncnno CBmia nonjennaxo, xao Me!)y 6pahOM". "Tocnonapeu.e" HaJ\ rtpnponoxr 11 "snanan,e" HaJ\ 3eMJbOM (1. Mojc. 1; 28), na xoje je 'IOBCK npH3BaH, npena Eoxnjoj 3aMI1CJIH IIC 03IIa'IaBajy CBe]03BOJbeIiOCT. OlIH cauo CBC/\O'le na je 'IOBeK HOCIIJIal\ ofipasa nefiecxor )],0- xrocrpojnren,a H na je xao TaKaB, npexia pe-nora CB. Fpnropuja l!3 HlICC, I\Y)KaH na CBOjc uapcxo ,f10CTojaHcTBo He noxascc y HaA"lofin 11 HacwhY HaA OKOJIHHM CBCTOM nero y "o6pa!)I1BalLY" II "ovyaaisy" (B. 1. Mojc. 2; 15) BCJII1'laHCTBCHor uapcrna npnpone, sa xoje je 11 onronopan npen Eorou.

13. 3. EKOJIOUlKa KpH3a npaaopasa nac na npeacmrraao caoj Oll.1I0C npeMa CBCTY KojH nac OKpYJKyje. Ilanac ce CBe -reurhe KpHTIIKyjy KOHl\em\Hje tIOBCKOBor rocnonapcn,a HaA npaponosr 11 norpoma-ncn CTaB y 0AHOCY na lby. CBCCT 0 TOMC J\a he sa Ao6po611TH I\HBHJIH3al\l1jc caapexeno J\PYIlITBO rrJIaTHTI1 HCYBI1U1C BI1COKY I\CHY 113a3HBa IIPOTHBJbClhC rocnonapcxon cron- 3My. Taxo cc paaorxpnsajy OHI1 Bl1i\OBHI1CJIaTiiOCTI1 KOjl1 nanoce IlITeTY npnPOAHoj CpeAI1HlI. I1CTOBPCYlCHO ce paspahyje CI1CTCM n.ene 3aIlITI1Te, npencrnrryjy ce MCTOJ\11 rocnonapcn.a nan IhOM, npenyamrajy ce noxymaja CTBapan.a TeXHOJIOmja sa ouysan.e pecypca 11 crsapau,a npoasnona 6e3 ornana KOjH 611 ce I1CTOBPCMCHO MOrJIH "yrpannra" y IIPHpO,f1HO KPY)KHO KpCTalbe. CBe ce BI1U1e pasuaja CKOJIOUlKa CTI1Ka. Jlpynrrsena cnecr, xoja 1h0Me pyxoBOJ\I1, vcraje rrpOTI1B IIOTIX)lIIatlKOr Ha'II1Ha )KI1BOTa 11 3aXTCBa na ce noneha

13.1. EYAyhH CBCCHa cnoje O,llroBopHOCTI1 aa cYA6HHY CBCTa, TIpaBOCJIaBna Ilpxsa je J\y60KO Y3HcMHpeHa 3601' rrp06JICMa xoje crsapa caspeueua 1\11- BHJII13al\l1ja. Mehy IhHMa, Ba)KlIO MeCTO npanana eKOJIOIIIKHM rrp06JICMI1Ma. Ilanac ce JII1l\e 3eMJbC ynaxasyje y rrJIaHeTapHHM pasnepawa. TIoro!)cHa je yrpooa 3eMJbC, rno, BOAa, Ba3AYx, 611JbHHH )KHBOTI1IhCKI1 CBeT. TIpHpoAa xoja nac oxpyxcy]« rrpaKTI1'lHO je y rromYHOl'T11 YKJI,ytIcHa y o6e36c!)HBalbc )KHBOra 'IoBcKa, xojn ce saute He 3aAOBOJbaBa paanonaxoinhv IhCIII1X naposa nero Heo6Y3AaHo eKennOaTI1U1e 'II1TaBe eKO-~HCTeMC. )],CJIaTHOCT 'IOBeKa, xoja je AOCTHrna passrepe KaKBe ce Mory ynopemrrn C 611occjJepHI1M npouecaua, CTaJIHO napacra aaxaan.yjyhn yopaarsy resma passoja HaYKe 11 TeXIII1KC. CBeo6yXBaTHO 3ara!)elhe rrpHpOAHC cpemnre HHAyCTPl1jCKI1M ornanoxr, HerrpaBHJma arpOTeXHHKa, YHIIIlITaBaIbe myMa 11 3CMJbHIlIIIOr noxpnnara AOBOJ\1l J\O rymelha 6110JIOIIIKC aKTI1BIIOCTI1, 11.0 crannor csratsen,a reHCTCKC pa3IIOJII1KOCTI1 )K11- BOTa. I1Cl\prrJbyjy ce HeHaI\OKHaJ\I1BI1 MI1Hepamm pecypcn Jer.lJI,I1I1C yrpooc, CMaJbyjy CC sanaxe tmcTe BOAe. Ilojasn.yje ce MIIOIlITBO IlITCTHI1X MaTepHja, Oil. KOjHX ce MHore He YKJhY'Iyjy y npaponno KpY)KClhe H uaronanaaajy ce y 6HoccjJepl1. Hapyurena je eKOJIOIlIKa paBHOTe)Ka, 'IOBCK je 110CTaBJhell rrpen 'II1lheHI1l\Y nojase nenoaparaax noryonnx nponeca y npaponn, YK,'hytIyjyhl1 11 nonpanan,c lheHI1X perrpoAYKTHBHI1X cnna.

CBe ce TO onnrpana na rr03aAHHI1 HeBI1!)CHor H aeonpasnaaor nopacra APYIIlTBCHe norpounse y BHCOKopa3BI1jeHI1M 3eMJbaMa, rne jc Te)KlM xa H3- 0611JbY 11 paCKOIIII1 IIOCTaJIa )KHBOTHa nopna. TaKBa caryaunja crsapa rrpenpexc sa npanenny pacnoneny IIpHpOJ\HHX pecypca, xoja npcncrann.ajy orrIJ1Te'IOBC'IaHCKO nacnehe, TIOCJICAHI\C exonouixe KpH3e 110Ka3ane cy ce xao nesnpane He caxc sa I1PI1POAY Hero 11 aa tIoBeKa, 6YAyhH Aa je OH opraHCKI1 cjenarseu C IbOM. Kao pesynrar caera rora, 3eMJI,a cc HaUIJIa na I1BHI~11 rno- 6a,lHe eKOJIOUIKe xaracrpodie.

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MOpaJIHa H npanna O):lrOBOpHOCT aa nrrery HaHeCeHY npuponu, npennaxe na ce ysene eKOJIOlilKa 06YKa H BaCIIHTalhe, rr03HBa na ce ua 6a3H WHpOKe Mebynaponne capann,e 06jC):IHHe uanopa aa O'IYBatbY npnponne cpennne.

13.4. Ilpasocnamra Ilpxsa ,-\eHH aanope ycvepeae na npesaaanaacen.e eKOJIOlilKe KpH3e H n03HBa na aKTHBHY capann.y Y ):IPYlilTBeHHM axunjaaa ~mjH je ,-\HJb 3aWTHTa TBopeBHHe Eosorje. Ynopeno C THM, OHa HCTH'Ie):la he nanopn 're BPCTC 6HTH rrJIO):lOTBoPHHjH YKOJIHKO TeMeJbH, na xojaaa ce rpagH 'IOBeKOB OgHOC npeua npnpona, He 6Y):IY HMaJIH cano H3pa3HTO XYMaHHCTH'IKH Hero H xpainhaacxa xapaxrep, Kao jemro on OCHOBHHX Ha~IeJIa CTaHOBHlllTa Ilpxse Y rrHTalhHMa eKOJIOmje jecre H Ha~IeJIO jenancrsa H ,-\eJIOBHTOCTH on nora CTBOpeHOr CBeTa. Ilpnpony xoja Hac oxpyxyje IlpasocnaBJbe HC nocaarpa H30JIOBaHO, xao 3aTBopeHY CTPYKTYPY. nHJbHH, )l(HBOTHlhCKH H "oBe~IHjH CBeT cy yaajavno rrOBC3aHH. Ca xpztnhaucxe Ta~IKe rnenaUITa, npapona anje OCTaBa (CKJIa):lHIlITC) pecypca, npenonpebennx sa eronCTH'IHY H HeO):lrOBopHY norpounsy, aero H gOM Y KOjCM ~IOBCK nuje rocnonap nero ynpamrrers. Ilopen rora, npapona je H xpau Y xojen je 011 cneurrenax, aJIH Y KojeM He CJIY)I(H npaponn nero TBOP,-\Y. Y OCHOBH cxnaraisa npnpone xao xpaxra HaJIa3H ce aneja Tco,-\eHTpH3Ma: £02, Koiu CaM C6UMa gaje JlCIleoiii U oucatee II C6e (D,eJIa arr. 17; 25) jecre Hssop nocrojan.a. 360r rora )l(HBOT, Y CBOjHM pa3HOJIHKHM npojaaava, HMa OCBeIlITaHH xapaxrep H npenCTaBJba ):lap Bcxaja; iseroao raxen,e je M3a30B KOjH HHje ynyhen caao 60- scancrnenoj TBopeBHHH Hero H CaMOM TBOP,-\Y.

13. 5. Ilo CBOjOj CYlllTHHH, eKOJIOlilKH rrp06JIeMH aoce aHTpOrrOJIOlilKH xapaxrep, 6Y):IyhH ga HX je CTBOPHO ~IOBeK a He npupona. 360r rora ce 0):11'0- BOpH aa MHora mrrau.a, xoja nocraan,a KpH3a OKOJIHe cpemme, HaJIa3e y 'IOBe'IHjoj gYlllH a He y crpepaaa exonoaaje, 6HOJIOmje, TeXHOJIOmje HJIH nOJIHTMKe. Ilpnpona ce YHCTHHY npeoopaxasa HJIH nponana He caua rro ce- 6H Hero non YTH,-\ajcM 'IOBeKa.lberoBo ):IYXOBHO cran,e arpa onny-ryjyhy yJIOry, jep ce onpaxana na npaponny OKOJIHHY, KaKO rrpHJIHKOM cnon.aum.er nenosarsa aa lhY, TaKO H y O):lCYCTBy Tor nenosaa,a. U;pKBeHa acropaja rrosnaje MHOlilTBO npavepa xana cy Jby6aB xpmuhancxax rrO):lBH)I(HHKa npeua npnpona, lhHXOBa MOJIHTBa sa OKOJIHM CBeT H lhHXOBO cacrpanan,e ca rsopeBHHOM na Haj6JIarOTBopHHjH Ha'IHH yTm~aJIH na )l(HBa 6Hha.

Y3ajaMHa BC3a aHTpOnOJIOrujc U npapone cc xpajn.e jacno OTKpUBa ynpaBo y name BPCMC, Kap;a CBCT UCTOBPCMCHO npeacaan.aaa P;BC KPU3C: P;y_ XOBHy U CKOJIOrnKY. Y caspevenou npyurrsy, 'IOBeK nouexan ry6H CBeCT 0 )l(HBOTY xao 0 ):Iapy nO)l(HjeM a nonexan U cau CMHcao csor )l(I1BOTa, KOjH ce noapeveao CBO):lM na CPH3H'IKO nocrojan,e. Kana nocroja TaKaB O):lHOC rrpeMa OKOJIHOM CBeTY, 'IOBeK npapony He CXBaTa xao ):10M a noceono je He CXBa-

Ta xao xpau, Hero casro xao "Cpe)l,HHY Y KOjOj 60paBH" . D,YXOBHO nerpanapaHa JIWIHOCT ):IOBO):lH ):10 nerpanauaje H npnpony, jep je necnocofina na noxaJKe npeoopaxaaajyhe nejcraoaaa.e na CBeT. l{oBe'IaHCTBY xoje je sacnenn.eHO rpexou He rrOMa)l(Y HH KOJIOCaJIHe TeXHH'IKe MoryhHoCTH: YKOJIHKO je pasHO):lYUIHO npeua CMHCJIY, TajHH H "YAY )J(HBUTa OHO He MO)l(e Aa ):IOHece HCTHHCKY KOPHCT H ~IeCTO HaHOCH IlITeTY. KaA je Y naran.y <JOBeK -nrja AeJIaTHOCT mrje ):IYXOBHO opnjeuracaaa, TeXHWIKa Moh xao rro npaBHJIY crsapa yronajCKe nane y 6e3rpaHH'IHe MoryhHocTH 'IOBe~IaHCTBa H y CHJIY nporpeca.

HC3aMUCJIUBO je p;a Y YCJlOBUMa P;YXOBHC KpU3C AO~C P;O nornyuor npeBa3UJIa)f{Clba CKOJIOrnKC KpU3C. Ta rnpnn,a unrrourro He 3Ha'm):la Llpxsa rro- 3HBa na O):l6a,-\HBalhe ):IeJIaTHOCTH YCMepeHe xa O'IYBalhY npnpone. Me!)YTHM, nany y rr03HTHBHY H3MeHY ysajauue seae 'IOBeKa H npnpone OHa nosesyje ca Te)l(lhOM npyurrsa xa ):IYXOBHOM npenopony. Aarponorena OCHOBa eKOJIOlllKHX npotineua noxasyje ):Ia MH OKOJIHH CBeT MelhaMO y cKJIaAY ca CBOjHM ynyrpaunuoa CBeTOM H na 360r rora npeotipaxaj npnponc rpeoa na no-me 0):1 npeoopaxaja nyuie. Ilpena MHCJIH npenonoonor MaKcHMa Hcnosennaxa, 'JOBeK he 6HTH y cran.y na 'IHTaBY 3eMJbY rrpersopa Y paj TeK OH):Ia, xana paj 6Y):le HOCHO y caMOMe ceria,

14. CBETOBHA HAYKA, KY~TYPA H OBPA30BAlbE

14. 1. Ilpesaamuaama naraacxe npenpacyne, xpmuhancrno je ):IeMHTOJIOrH3HpaJIO npapony H caMHM THM rrOTIIOMOrnO nojasy npaponnax HaYKa. Bpeneaoa cy ce HaYKe - KaKO npupop;HC TaKO U XYMaHUCTU'IKC - CBpCTaJIC MC~Y aajnasamje '1UHUOU,C KyJITypC. Kpajess 20. sexa, HaYKa H rexnnxa cy nOCTHrJIe TaKO yne-rarn.aae pe3YJITaTe H TaKaB YTH,-\aJ aa CBe crpaae )l(liBO'fa ):Ia cy ce, y cyurrmm, npersopane y onny-ryjyb» cpaKTop nocrojan.a ,-\HBH.'1li3a'-\Hje. Ynopeno C TliM H 6e3 063Hpa aa rrpB06HTHH YTH,-\aj xpmuhaacrna aa nojany nay-rae ):ICJIaTHOCTH, paanoj HaYKc U TCXHUKC je non YTliu,ajcM CCKYJIapHUX nneonoraja U3pOP;UO nocnennne KOjC U3a3uBajy osfiarsua crpaxosan-a. EKOJIOlilKe li npyre KpH3e xoje nopaha caspexena CBeT nocrasn.ajy H3a6paHH nyr non CBe sehy CyMlhy. Hay~IHo-TeXHOJIOlilKH HHBO nasanaaanaje cana je TaKaB ga 3JIO'IHHa<JKH nocrynua Malhe rpyrre JbygH Ha'IeJIHO MOry na, TOKOM IIeKOJIHKO 'IaCOBa, li3a30BY rJI06aJIHY xaracrpocpy, y KOjOj he 6eclIoBpaTHo nponacrn CBH BHlllH 06JIH'-\H )l(liBOTa.

Ca xpumhancxe Ta'lKC rnenuurra, TaKBC nocneaauc nojanane cy ce 360r naaoror Ha'lCJIa xoje je y OCHOBU caapeaenor naysno-rexaanxor pasnoja. OHO ce cagp)l(li y anpnopnou CTaBY na paasoj He CMe 6liTli 3aYCTaBJbeH HliKaKBliM

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MOpaJIHIIM, CPIIJ10COCPCKMM IIJIII pCJ1lIrlI0:3HIIM 3aXTCBOM. Me~YrIIM, TaMO lJIC nocrojn TaKBa "cnooona" , lIaY'IHO·TeXHWlKII pasnoj HaJIa31I CC Y RJIaCTII JbY)1- CKIIX CTpaCTI1 a I1pCBaCXO)1IIO CJ1aBOJhy6Jba, rOp)10CTI1 II )KY)1lbC sa lII1'O eehon Y)106lIOlJlhy. To uapymana )1YXOBHY xapnonajy )KIIROTa, ca CBI1M HcraTIIBIII1M uojasaaa KOjC OnaTJIC npOII3IIJIa3C. Ila Olf ce ocnrypao 1I0pMaJIall JbY/I,CKIf )K1fBOT, cana je BI1Il1C nero IIKa)J, IIY)Kall 1I0BpaTaK 1I3rYOJbelloj BC3H lIayqllor 3113- Iba C peJllIrH0311lIM, )J,YXOBIIIIM H Mopa.rllllfM BPC)J,1I0CTIIMa.

HY)KHOCT TaKBe BC3C vcnosn.cna jc 11 TI1MC llITO nCJIl1KI1 6poj Jby)111 HC npecraje 11a nepyje y cneuoh HaY'IHor snan.a. TOKOM 18. BCKa, )1CJ1I1Ml1'IIIO je ynpano YCJlC)1 raxnor CTaHOBl1lllTa jCHHa rpyna aTel1CTWIKl1l1aCTpojcHI1X MIlCJ1lIJlal1a 0AJ1Y'IHO cynporcrasana uavxy penarnjn, Ynopeno C TIiM nojasrsyje ce Il OITlIITerr03HaTa 'nnbCHlIl1a na cv y CBIlM speaemora. YKJhY'Iyjyhil Il canaurn.e, MHOI'll OA IIajilCTaKHYTIljIlX HaY'IHIIKa 6IlJ1IlII OCTaJ1Il pCJ1IlrIl03HIl. To 6Il 61IJ10 HCMoryhc YKOJ1IIKO 611 nocrojana npnauarmjenaa nporanype-rHOCT 1I3Me~y IIaYKC II pennraje. HaY'IHo Il PCJ1IlrH03HO ca3HaH)C IIMajy nornyno pa3J1lI'Il1T xapaxrep. OHa IIMajy pa3J1lI'I1ITe rr0J1a3HC IIpCMIlce, pa3J1IIvnrre ll,IIJbCBe, aanarxe II Me1'OAc. Te crpepe Mory na ce J\OAIIPyjy II npeceuajy, aJ1Il OHC CC HC cynporcrasrsajy jCAHa npyroj, HaIIMC, C jCAHC CTpaHC, y I1plIpOllHIIM HaYKaMa HC IIOCTOjc aTCIICTlI'IKC IlJ11I pemIl'II03IIe reopaje aero caMO TCOplIjC KOjC cy smue 1IJ11I Malhe IICTI1HlITC. C npyre crpane, peJIIIl'IIja CC He 6aBlI rrlITalhlIMa ycrpojcrna MaTeplIje.

M. B. JIOMOHOCOB je caCBIIM rrpaBIIJ1HO nacao: HaYKa II pennraja "ne MOry CC CrrOpI1TII ... OCIIM YKOJ1IIKO IICKO 3601' CJ1aBOJhy6Jba II IIOKa3IIBaiba csor YMOBalba He saceje HcrrpIIjaTeJbC'I'BO MC~y !-hIIMa." Hcry ~mcao 1I3pa3IIO je II errncxon MOCKOBCKII <I>1IJ1apCT: "Bepa XplICTOBa HlIjC y HcrrplIjaTCJbCTBY C I1CTIIHCKIIM 3HaIhCM, jep nnjc y casesy ca HC3HaIhCM." Tpcoano 61I ncraha II HCKOPCKTHOCT cynporcrann.au,a pCJIIIrl1jc II T3B. nay'utor nornena aa CBCT.

ITo CBOjOj npaponn, jCAIIHO pCJIIIrlIja II qmJ10cocplIja ncnyn.anajy CBOjy cpyHKl1lIjy IIOrJICAa na CBCT; II,y, MC~YTIIM, HC npaxsarajy 1IIITII IIojCAIIHC, CIICI1lIjaJ11I30BaHC lIaYKC, 1I1I 'I1ITaBO KOIIKPCTHO naysno snan.e y csojoj l1CJ1IIHII. Pa3YMCBalbC HaY'IHIIX nocrnrnyha II IhIIXOBO YKJbY'I1IBalhC y CIICTCM nornena na CBCT MO)KC IIMaTII 1I3Y3CTHO urapox )1IIjarra30H - 0)1 pCJ1IIrlI03Hor AO OTBOPCHO aTCIICTlI'IKOr.

MaKO HaYKa MO)KC na 6YAC jCAaH 011 Ha'I1IlIa sa 60rOII03lIaIhC (B. PIIM. 1; 19-2()), npaBOCJlaBJbC Y rsoj BH)J,H II npHpo/I,IIH HHcTpYMellT sa ypehen,e se\1a.1.CKOr )KHBOTa, KOjH OH TpeOaJIO BCOMa onpesno KOPHCTHTH. U:pKBa ono'(IIlbe QORCKa na lIayKy He nocvarpa xao OOJlaCT xoja jc nOTnYHO nesaancna Oil MOpaJlHIIX HaQCJla. CaBpCMClIa 110CTl1J'Hyfia y pa3J1lI'Il1TIIM 06JIaCTIIMa, YK.r,Y'Iyjyhl1 cp113lfKY CJICMCHTapHl1X 'ICCTlIlla, XCMl1jy l1J1II Ml1Kpo6JloJ1orl1jy,

(BCJO'le na cy OHa Ma'I ca l1BC OlllTPIIl~C, KOjlI 'IOBCKY MO)KC HC cajro na I~()HC(C J06po aero 1111a My 0l1Y3MC )KIIBOT. EBaH~CJICKC HOPMC )Kl1BOTa onoryhyiv aacrnrrau,e JIl1'IHOCTI1 IlpII KOjCM OHa HC 61I 611JIa y CTalbY na 3aA06IIjcna 3Halha II Mofil1 ynorpeoa sa 3JIO. 360r rora cy UpKBa 11 CBCTOBHa HaYKa npII- 3BaHC na capahyjy Y IIMC CIIaCClha )Kl1BOTa II n.eronor 110J1lI'IHOr YCTpojCTBa. lbHXOBa capal~lha rrOTIIOMa)KC CTBapaIbY 3ApaBC CTBapaJ1a'IKC KJIIIMC y l1Y\OBHO-l1HTCJICKTyaJIHoj crpepa a CaMl1M TIIM rrOMa)KC II crsapan.e OIITl1MaJIHI!X YCJIOBa sa passoj HaY'IIIIIX I1CTpa)Kl1Balha.

ITOCC6HO 611 rpetiano 1I3)1BOjl1Tl1 /I,pYIllTBeHe HaYKe, KOjC cy CaMl1M CBOiml xapaxrepon rrOBC3aIIC C orinanrhy 6oroCJIOBJba, l1PKBCHC IICTOPlIjC II KdHOHCKor npana. TI03ApaBJbajyfiII nanope CBCTOBHIIX HaY'IHIIKa y naroj crpepn II npaanasajyha Ba)KHOCT XYMaHl1CTl1'IKl1X IICTpa)KIIBalha, UpKBa, IICTOBPCMCHO, HC csrarpa na je pal1lIOHaJIHa CJIl1Ka CBCTa KaKBY IIOHCKaA y06JIII')yjy ra IICTpa)[(IIBatba, l1CJ10BIITa II cseotiyxsarua. PCJIIIm03HII rrOrJICA aa CBCT HC MO)KC 611TII oA6a'Icn xao II3BOP nojaa 0 l1CTIIHII, a raxobe HI1 CXBaTalbC IICTOPlIjC, CTl1KC II MHOrHX npyrnx xYMaHlIclwIKIIX HaYKa, xoje l1Majy OCHOBy 11 npano na 6YAY IIpl1CYTHC Y Cl1CTCMY CBCTOBIIor oopaaonau,a II BaCIlIITalba, y opraaasanaja APYllITBCHor )KIIBOTa. CaMO cjenan.en,e AYXOBHor OIIl1Ta II nay-mor saan.a MO)KC na rrpy)!(H nvnohy II03Halha. HHje)J,aH COIjHjaJlHH CHCTeM He MO)Ke /I,a oY/I,e Ha3BaH xapMOHHlJHHM YKOJllfKO Y H,CMY npHJlHKOM nsnouren,a /I,PYIIITReIiO 3HaQajllHx CY/I,ORa nocrojn MOIIOnOJl ceKYJlapnOr CXBaTaiba CBeTa. Ha )KaJ10CT, nocrojn OIIaCHOCT 011IIACOJIOrlI3al1IIjc HaYKc, 3601' KOjC cy HapoAII CBCTa y 20. BCKY rrJIaTl1JIl1 BIICOKY l1CHy. TaKBa l1AeOJI0l'l13auaja je nocerino OIIaCHa y cCPCPl1l1PYlllTBCHl1X acrpaaoman,a, xoja cy y OCHOBl1l1P)[(aBHIIX nporpava II IIOJ1l1Tl1'lKIIX rtpojexara. Cynporcrann.ajyha ce sa~lclhlIBalhy HaYKc IIl1C0J10l'lIjoM, UpKBa nocerino IlOAp)KaBa OAl'OBOpaH nnjaJIor ca HaY'IH11I1IIMa - xYMaHlIcTIIMa.

Kao 06pa3 II IIoA06n:je aenojsosnnor TBOPl1a, LIOBCK je y CBOjlIM rajanCTBCHIIM Ay6IIHaMa cJ1060AaH. UpKBa onspaha OA noxyuraja Aa ce AOCTl1rHYha HaYKc 11 TCXHl1KC l1CKOPlICTC sa ycnocrann.an,e KOHTPOJIC HaA ynyrpallllhlIM CBCTOM JIII'IHOCTII, aa crsapan,e 6l1JIO KaKBIIX TCXHOJIOmja cyrecraje II MaImrrYJIal1lIjc JbYACKOM caemhy 11J11I noncseuthy.

14.2. JIaTIIHcKa PC') "cultura" xoja 03IIa'IaBa "06pa~IIBalbC", "nacnnrathe", "06pa30BalbC" II "paasoj" rrOTl1'·IC 011 pe 'III "cultus" _. "IlOlllTOBaIhC", II IIOKJIOIhCIhC", "KyJIT". To yxasyje na PCJIIIflI03HC KOPCHC xynrype, Kana je CTBOP110 'IOBCKa, nor ra je HaCTaHIIO y pajy II 3arrOBCAII0 My na neryje II raja Hseroay TBOPCBIIHY (1. Mojc. 2; 15). Kynrypa xao o-rynau,e CBCTa KOjl1 Hac oxpyzcyje II xao 6plIra 0 IhCMY npCI1CTaBJ1>a 'lOBCKOBO 011 Eora 3aIlOBC~CHO AeJ10. HaKOH 113rOHa 113 paja, Kal1 cy CC JhYAl1 CYO'lIIJIl1 C nY)[(HOIIIhy 60p6c sa

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OIICTaHaK, IIojaBIIJUI cy CC IIPOH3BOgiha opyha sa pan, rpagHTCJhCTBO, nOJhOIIpHBpCAHa gCJIaTHOCT, YMCTHOCTH. OI~H H Y'IHTCJhH U;PKBC IIogBJIa'IHJIH cy IIPB06HTHO 60)KaHCTBCHO IIOPCKJIO KyJITypC. ITOCC6HO jy je CB. KJIHMCHT AJICKcaHgpHjcKH CXBaTao xao IIJIOg 'IOBCKOBor CTBapaJIaIlITBa non PYKOBO~efheM Jloroca: "OIIUITHM HMeHOM MYliPOCTH ('BeTO ITHCMO Ha3IIBa CBe CBeTOBHC HaYKe H YMCTHOCTH, CBe 110 -reru je JhygCKH yM Morao na nobe ... jep CBaKa YMeTHocT H CBaKO 3IIafhC IIOTWIe O/i Flora." CBeTH I'paropuje FloroCJIOB je nncao: "Kao !lITO y BCIlITOj MY3WIKoj xapnonnja cnaxa CTpYHa crnapa pa3JIWIHTC 3BYKOBC - jenna BHCOKe a npyra HHCKe - TaKO je II y TOMe YMCTHHK H Tsopau - Jloroc, HaKO je H IIOCTaBHO pa3He H3YMHTeJhC pa3JIH'IHTHX sanara II YMCTIIOCTH, CBe TO CTaBHO na pacnonarau,e CBIIMa KOjH TO )KCJIe, na 6H Hac cjcnmrao sesava 3ajcgHHIlITBa H 'IOBeKOJhy6Jha II na 6H HaIlI )KHBOT Y'lHHHO qHBHJIH30naHHjHM."

U;pKBa jc IIplIXBaTHJIa MHoro rora IlITO je 'IOBe'IaHCTBO CTBOPIIJIO Y 06JIaCTH YMCTHOCTH H KyJITYPC, npexan.yjyha IIJIogoBe CTBapaJIaIlITBa Y IIehH PCJIHrH03HOr OIIHTa H reacehn na HX O'IHCTH OA AYIlIery6HHx CJICMe~aTa, na 6H HX 3aTHM npenana JhygHMa. OHa OCBeTJhaBa pa3JIWlHTe CTpaIIe KyJIType H MHoro IIOJIa)KC aa fheH paasoj. Ilpasocnasaa HKOHOIIHcau:, lICCHHK, qmnocorp, MY3WIap, apXHTCKTa, rnyuau H nacau ofipahajy ce YMCTHWIKHM cpenCTBHMa na 6H H3pa3HJIH OlIHT gYXOBHe 06HOBC KOjH cy OHH 3ag06HnH H KOjH )KeJIC na rrpenecy H npyraaa, IJ,pKBa 1I:0nYlUTa na ce na HOB Ha'lUH carnena 'lOBeK, lberOB ylIYTpalUlbU CBeT U CMucao IbcrOBor 6ulla. Kao pe3YJITaT TOra, JhYII:CKO CTBapaJIaIUTBO ce O~PKBclI>yje U npaha CBOjUM npB06uTHUM peJIUfU03HUM xopemnra. IJ,pKBa 1I0Ma}l{e KyJITypU lI:a npehe rpannuy 'lUCTO 3eMaJhCKOr )J,CJIa: IIY)J,cliu lIYT o'luililielba cpua U cjc)J,ulbclba C TBopnCM, oua jy 'lHIIU OTBOPCIIOM ca CaTpY)J,IIUIlITBO ca EorOM.

CBCTOBHa xyrrrypa je cnocofina na 6Y)J,e HOCUJIa~ 6JIarOBccTu. To je on ocofiare Ba)KHOCTH y OIUIM CJIY'IajcmIMa xana cJIa611 yrnuaj xpauthaucrsa y gpyurrsy IIJIII xana CBeTonHC BJIaCTH CTYIIajy y OTBOPCH)' 60p6y ca U;pKBOM. Taxo cy, na npnnep, y ronnnaaa npscannor aTe1I3Ma pycxa KJIaClIqHa KlhlI)KCBHOCT, noesaja, CJIIIKapCTBo 1I MY3l1Ka sa MHore IIOCTaJIli roTOBO jeAlIHlI 1I3BOP penaraosnor snan.a. K YJITypHa rpanmraja nOMa)Ke o-rysaae II YMHO)KaBaIhC gYXOBHOI' HaCJIC~a y CBeTY KOjlI ce y6p3aHo Mefha. To ce OgHOCli ira pasne Bli/iOBe craapanaurrsa: KIhlI)l(eBHOCT, JIliKOBHY YMeTHocT, MY31IKY, apxHTeKTYPY, II030- pnurre, CPliJIM. 3a IIPOIIOBCg 0 XpliCTY noronne cy CBe CTBapaJIa'IKC cnare, yKOrnnco cy navepc YMcTHliKa yncrmry II(60)KHe 1I aKO OH ocraje sepan I'ocnony.

U;pKBa ce csarna o6paha KYJITypHliM IIOCJICHlIU:lIMa: Ilpeotipascaeaitiie ce 061i06JbefbeM YMa C602a oa uCKyciU60M uosnaiue tuiiia je aotipa II yiooua II caepiuena 60Jba Boxuja (Pmr. 12; 2). Hcronpeveno, U;pKBa YII03opaBa: lby-

ii. »enu! He 6epyjiUe C6aKOMe gyxy, ueio uciiuiiiyiiiie gYX06e jecy JUt og E02a 11. JH. 4; 1). qOBCK HC nocenyje YBeK lIoTpe6HY nyxosny rrpOHlIIjJhlIBOCT na 011 lICTIIHCKH 60)KaHCTBCHO nanaxnyhe pa3JIIIKOBaO Oil onor "eKCTaTWIKor" , ma xojer 06WIHO CTOjc Mpa'lHc CIIJIC, pasopno nenyjyha aa qOBCKa. D,o OBOr a noceono gOJIa31I yCJIcg nOBC3IIBaIba ca CBCTOM -rapoou.aurrua H MarHjc, a raxohe II YCJIe/i ynorpefic napxoraxa. U;PKBCHO aacmrraise rrOMa)KC ga ce sanooaje gYXOBHO nlI~efhc. a OHO nonyurra ga ce paanaxyje noopo OA 3JIOr II '')O)KaHCTnCHo on geMoHCKor.

Cycper U;PKBC H CBeTa xynrype HC 03IIa'IaBa YBCK jC/iHOCTaBHY capanIhy II yaajanno ofiorahanan,c. "Kana je noinao lICTIlHCKIl Jloroc, IIOKa3ao je ]a HIlCY CBa MHCfha II y-ren.a Tl06plI, nero na cy jCgHIl g06pll a APYrll p~aBIl" (CB. JyCTIlH <PIlJIOCOCP). Ilpasuajyhu CBaKOM 'IOBCKY npano na MOpaJIHY npoUCIIY KYJITYPHIIX nojaaa, IJ,pKBa TaKBO npaBO 3all:p}l{aBa H sa cc6c. OCIlM TOra, OHa y TOMC BIl/i1I CBOjy uenocpenny 06aBC3Y. He ancncrapajyha na TOMe ]a U:PKBCHII CIICTCM npouene 6Y/iC jennna rrpnxsahen y CBeToBHoj aajennana II gp)KaBII, UpKBa jc y6e~cHa y KOHa'IHY IICTliHUTOCT II crraCOHOCHOCT nyra xoja joj je OTKpllBeH y EBaH~CJhy. YKOJIUKO CTBapaJIalliTBO nOTnOMa}l{C MOpaJIHII U il,YXOBIIH npeoopaxa] JIH'IHOCTU, IJ,pKBa ra 6JIaroclIJha. MeI)YTIIM, ~'KOJIIIKO ce KyJITypa "POTHBH Bory " nocraje aHTllpc.111f1103Ha H aHTH'JOBesaucxa, YKOJIIIKO ce npCTBapa ~. aHTlIK~'.TI~·p~·. UpKBa joj ce 9npOTCTaBJha. MC~yTIIM, TaKBO cynporcrann.an.e He 3Ha'IlI 60p6y C npeACTaBHHU:IIMa 'raKBe KyJITypC, jep "nama 60p6a Hl1je lIpOTIIB TCJIa II KPBIl" , Hero je TO gYXOBaa 60p6a, YCMcpeHa na oCJI06a~alhe Jhyil,lI on noryrinor nejcrnoaan.a MpaqHIIX CIIJIa, og gYX06a 3J!06e y uogHe6ecjy (Erb. 6; 12) na gymy.

ECXaTOJIOlUKa yCMepeHOCT He nonynrra xpmuhanmry na y rrOTrrYHOCTII rrOllCTOBCTlI CBOj )KI1BOT ca CBCTOM KYJIType,jep ueuauo oeoe iiociuojana ipaoa ueio «exauo ouai KOjU he oohu (JcBp.13; 14). Xpamhanan MO)Ke na )KlIBlI II pana y OBOM cBeTY, ann He CMe na A03BOJIlI na ra Y nOTfIYHOCTII arrcop6yjc OB03eMaJhCKa AenaTHOCT. UpKBa orrOMIIfhC KyJITypHC rrOCJIeHlIKC ga je fhIIXOB aanarax na neryjy n.yncxc nyiue rra caMIIM TIIM II cnoje COIICTBCHe, saclIOCTaBJhajyhII 06pa3 Flo)Kl1jll KOjll je YHaKa)KCH rpexov.

Ilponoaenajyha se-nry lICTIIHY XplICTOBY JhYTllIMa xojn )KlIBe y II3MefhCHlIM lICTOPlljCKIlM OKOJIHOCTlIMa, U;pKBa TO 'IlIHII nocpencrsoa onpeheHlIX KyJITypHIIX CPOpMII, CBOjCTBCHlIX BpCMeHY, HaU:lIjll II pa3nWIlITIIM npyIllTBeHIlM rpynajta. To IlITO cy caanana n nozoraenu HeKlI napona a noxoneIha rrOHCKaA Mopajy nOHOBO na OTKPIIjy gpyrl1 JhYAII, na 611 liM TO rrOCTaJIO 6JII1CKO II pa3YMJhIlBO. Hnjenna xynrypa HC MO)KC ga csrarpa na je IICKJhY'IlIBO OHa rrpIIjcwIlIBa aa 1I3pa)KaBafhC xpatuhancxor nyxosnor nocnan,a. CJIOBeCHU (Bep6aJIHH) H CJIUKOBHTU je3HK 6JIarOBCIlITclha, xao U IbcrOBU MeTO-

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/l,H H CPC/l,CTB3, npHpO/l,1I0 CC MClh3jy C3 TOKOM HCTOPHjC, p33JIHKyjyIlH CC Y 33BHCHOCTH O/l, H3l1HOH3JIHOr H OCT3JIHX KOIITCKCT3. IfCTOBPCMCIIO, npOMCIIn.nna p3CnOJIOIKClh3 CBCT3 III1CY p33JIOr /l,3 CC O/l,6311H /l,OCTOjIlO 113CJIC~C npoIIIJIOCTH 3 YTOJIIIKO "PC /l,3 CC 336op3BII IIPKBCIIO "PC/l,3IhC.

14. 3. XPHlllh311CK3 Tp3/l,III1H.i3 jc CT3JIHO YB3}K3B3JI3 CBCTOBHO 06p330- B31~C. Mnorn Oua LJ,PKBC noxabann cY CBCTOBIIC IlIKOJIC 11 axanesraje, CMarpajyhn na cy HaYKe, KOjC ce TaMO npenajy. HeOlIxoAHC sa nepyjyher 'IOBCKa. CBCTI1 Bacannje BCJII1KI1 jc lIl1CaO r~a "cnorsaum.e HaYKc HI1CY fiecxopncne" sa xpnurhanana xoja he on lbUX nosajsnrrn CBe UJTO CJIY)!(H MOpaJIHOM ycanpmanan-y H H1rreJICKTyaJIHOM Y3paCTaH,Y. Ilpena cxsaran.y CB. Fpnropaja Eorocnosa, "cBaKH KOjH HMa yM. npnxsara na je Y<JeHocT (rp-r. TCat<)£uCH v, 06pa30BalbC) name najsehe noopo, U TO He caxro OHa OHa najnnevenarnja H nama Y'IeHOCT, xoja sa CBOj npenaer UMa cnacerse U JlenOTY ouora IlITO ce cosepnasa YMOM, Hero If Y'IeHOCT CIIOJbaIlIlba, sa xojy MHOrH xpaurhana, YCJIen csor IIC3Halba, csra'rpajy na je nenorpeona H onacaa l:I na ynarsyje OA Eora."

C np3BOCJI3BHC T3'1KC rJIC/l,HrnT3, 6HJIO 6H BCOM3 nO}KCJbIlO K3/l, 6u '1HT3B CHCTCM 06P330BaJh3 6HO H3fp3~CH 113 pCJIHrIf0311HM 113'1CJIHVl3 H YTCMCJbCII 113 XPHUlIl311CKHM BPC/l,1I0CTHM3. QPKB3, H nopen 'rora, CJIC/l,cIlH smncBCKOBIIY Tp3/l,HIIHjy, YB3}K3B3 CBCTOBHO 06P330B3lhC H cnpCMII3 je na cnojy C3p3/l,IhY C3 IhHM rpana 1I0JI33Chu O/l, npH3H31h3 '10BC'IHjC CJI060/l,c. QpKB3 npH TOM CM3Tp3 IIC/l,OnYCTHBHM na cc Y'ICIIHIIHM3 H3MCPHO H3McIly 3HTHpCJIHfH03HC H 3HTHXPHlllh3HCKC H/l,cjC, K30 H YCIIOCT3BJb3lhC MOHOIIOJI3 M3TCPHj3JIHCTH'IKor IIOrJIC/l,3 113 CBCT (B. 14. 1). He 6l:1 rpetiano na ce IIOHOBH CHryannja, KaKBa je Y 20. BeKY 6HJIa xapaxrepncra-ma sa MHorc npacane, KaA cy MHoro6poJHe np)!(aBJIC lllKOJIC 6HJIC UHCTPYMCHTH arpecnano-areacrasxor BaCIIHTalba. LJ,pKBa II03HBa na yxnan.au,c IIOCJIC/Uf'-Ia aTeHCTl:I<JKe KOHTpOJIe HaA CHCTeMOM Ap)!(aBlIor ofipasosan,a.

• H3 }K3JIOCT, Y MHOrHM H3CT3BHHM nporpanaaa HCTOpHjc CBC no /l,3n3C JC noruen.eua YJIOr3 pCJIHrHjc Y li>OPMHP3IhY nyxosne C3MOCBCCTH napona. LJ,pKBa nenpecrano nonceha na OIIaj AOrrpI1HOC, xoja jc xpmuhancrso VHCJIO Y PU3HH'-IY CBCT~KC H HaI~HOlIaJIHC KYJIType. H3 }K3JIOCT, np3BOCJI3BH~ BCpIIHIIH nOKYUl3B3JY na O/l, opr3HH3311Hj3, 1I03113THX no CBOM IIcr3THBHOM on- 1I0CY npCM3 XPHUlh3HCTBY 3 lIocc6110 npCM3 "P3BOCJI3BJbY, HCKPHTH'IKH IIpHXB3TC n3Y'IIIC CT311/l,3P/l,C, nporp3MC If H3'1CJI3 06P330B31h3. He MO}KC CC nr- 1I0PHC3TII on3CIIOCT na Y CBCTOBHY rnKOJIY npo/l,py OKYJITIIH II Hcon3r311CKII yTHI~3jH II YTHI~3jH /l,CCTPYKTIIBIIIIX CCKTII, 360r KOjHX he /l,CTC 6HTII H3ry- 6JhCHO II 33 cefie, H 33 1I0pO/l,H1lY, II 33 /l,PYIIITBO.

QpKB3 CM3Tp3 /l,3 je KOP"CIIO II IIY}KIIO /l,3 CC, npCM3 }KCJbH /l,CIIC HJIII IhHXOBHX PO/l,HTCJb3, 3 T3KO~C II BIfUlIIX 113Y'IHHX YCT3HOB3, Y CBCTOBHC UlKO-

.1C YBC/l,Y '13COBH xpHluh3HCKC BcpOH3yKC. CBCIlITCIICTBO Mopa BOAI1TI1 Al:Ija.ior C AP)!(aBIIHM B;IaCTHMa KOjl:l he 6HTII YCMCPCH xa 3aKOHCKOM H npaxru-rHO~I Y'lBpmn.IIBalbY peanmauaje Mcl)YHapoAHO rtpmna'ror npasa peJIHrHO- 3HIIX lIOPOIII1'-1a na IbHXOBa nena l~o6Hjy pCJIHrH03IIO oopaaosan.c H BaClIIITalbe. IJ,pKBa C THM I\HJbCBHMU crnapa II rrpanOCJIUBlIC onurrcofipasonne HaY'IHe YCTaIlOBC, O'ICKyjyn.H na sa H>HX IIo611jc JIOIWWKY on crpane np)!(aEC.

Illxona je I10CpeAHHK KOjH HOEHM rcnepaunjaaa rrpcHool MOpaJIlIC spenHOCTH, cafipane TOKOM rtpcrxonunx BCKOBa. Y TOM ACJIY cy Ilpxsa II Ap)!(aBa rr03BaHC na caparnsy. 06pa30EalbC, a noceruro OlIO KOjC .ic ynyheao AC'-IH H aAOJIeCl~CIITIlMa, unjc II03BaIlO caao na npenouteise HIICj:JOpMa'-lHja. Tpeoa.10 6l:111a llIKOJIa npaxsara saua'rax na y MJIaAHM cptuora pacnnanca Te)!(lbY npcna I1CTIIHH, HCTllHCKH MOpaJIHO ocehau,e. Jby6aB npexia 6JIH)!(H,I1Ma, lIpexra OTaIJ6HHl:I H n.enoj HCTOPl:Ijll 11 KyJITypH, l:I na ynpaBo TO Y uehoj MepH GYAe lbeH 3aAaTaK Hero nyxo npcnonreu.e 3Halba. LJ,pKBa jc npH3BUlIa H OHa Te)!(H na capahyje ca llIKOJIOM y IhCHOj sacnarauxoj MI1Cl1jl1, jep oA 'IOBeKOsor AYXOBHor H Mopamwr JIHKa 3aBI1CH u.erono BC'III0 cnacen.e a TaKol)C H 6ynyn.HOCT nojenanax napona H BaCI(CJIOr JbYIICKor pOI~a.

15. U;PKBA II CBETOBHA CPEL(CTBA MACOBHOr IIHcIlOPMIICAlbA

15.1. Y caupcuenosr cBeTY, cpcncrsa MaCOBlIor HlIcpopMllcalba nrpajy CBe Ba)!(IIHjy ynory. LJ,pKBa ce C rrOIIlTOBalbCM OAIIOCH npeua nanopy HOBI1- napa, KOjH cy rr03BaHI1 na IlIl:IpOKe cnojese APYIlITBa CHa6ncBajy npanospeMCIIHM llIIcpopMalllljaMa 0 OIIOMC IlITa ce AeIlI3BU Y CB(TY Il ]3 \IPl!jCIlTl!IlIY n,Ylle Y canaunsoj CJIO)!(ClIOj peaJIIIOCTI1. TIpH 'roxi rpefia axrarn na y~ly A3 CC HHli>OPMIIC3IhC rJIC/l,301l3, CJIyrn30ll3 HJIH '1HT30113 MOP3 3aCHHB3Tll HC C3MO 113 '1BPCToj npUBplKcnOCTH HCTIIHH nero II 113 6pH3H 0 MOP3JIIIOM CT31hY JIH'IIIOCTH II /l,PYlIITB3, a IllTO Y eerie YKJbY'IyjC orxpanan.c lI03HTI1BIIHX nneana, xao 11 6op6y ca umpen.ca 3JIa, rpexa 11 nopoxa. HC/l,OnycTHRHM3 ce CM3TP3- jy npnnaranna n3CIIJb3, IIcnpHjaTCJhCTB3 H IICTP"CJbIlBOCTH, H3I1HOH3JInC, coII11j3JIIIC H pCJIHrll0311c MPlKlhC, 3 T3KO~C H rpCUlII3 CKCIIJI03T3U,Hj3 JbY/l,CKHX III1CTllnK3T3, 113 Y TOM CMHCJIY H Y KOMCPU,Hj3JIIIC CBpXC. 13YAyn.ll na llMajy orpouan yrauaj na aYTlllTOpHjYM, cpencrna MaCOBHOI' llIHpOpMllcalba HOCC orpoxury onronopuocr sa sacmrran,e JbYAll a noccono 1vlJIa~llX napaurraja. Honanapa H pyKOBOAI10I~1l cpCACTaBa MaCOBHor I1IIcpopMHcalba 06aBC311H cy na HMajy na yMY ry CBOjy onronopnocr.

15. 2. npOCBCTHTCJbCK3, nOY'I1I3 II /l,PYIllTBCII0-Ml:IpOTBOpa'lK3 MIICllj3 QPKBC nO)l,CTH'IC jy 113 capann-y C3 CBCTOBIIIIM CPC/l,CTBHM3 M3COBHor IIH$Op-

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MHcalha, crrOc06UHM Aa n.eny nopyxy npenecy y Hajpa3JIIf'IHTHjC cnojese npylIITBa. CBCTH arrOCrOJI Ilerap n03HBa XpHlIIhaHC: C6a29a 6Y9L1lue ciipeuuu ca xpoiiiotuh» II ciupaxou na Og2060p C6aKOMe KOjU LUPaJICll 09 6ac pa3J!02 6awe uaoe (l. TIeTp. 3; 15). CBaKH cBeiliTeIlOCJIY)KHTCJb H MHpjaHHH rr03BaH jc na ce ca l~y)!(HOM lJa)KlbOM onxona npeua KOHTaKTIl.Ma ca CBeTOBHHM cpenCTBIl.Ma MaCOBHor HHcpopMHcalba y qHJbY ocrsapersa nacrnpcxor H npocseTHTCJbCKOr nenaa.a, a raxohe H pana rr06Y!)HBalba arrrepeconaa,a CBCTOBHC 3ajc):IHHl~C npcva pa3JIIf'IHTHM crpanava upxsenor )KHBOTa H xpmuhaacxe xynrype. UPH TOM [e HYJKHO na CC HCnO.IhC MY)J,POCT, O)J,rOBopIIOCT H onpe- 3110CT, HMajyliH y BH)J,y CTaB KOHKpCTllOr CpC)J,CTBa MaCOBlIor HH<i>opMHcalha y O)J,HOCy na BCpy H UPKBY, IbcrOBO MOpaJlIIO YCMCPCIhC U cran.e yaajasmux onnoca ~PKBCHHX crapeurana ca OBUM Il.JlH OIlHM opranna HH<i>opMa~Hja. UpaBOCJIaBHU MHpjallH Mory )J,a paae IICIIOCPC)J,HO y CBCTOBHHM CPC)J,CTBHMa MaCOBHor HH<i>opMHcalba, H OHH cy npH3BaHH )J,a y CBOjOj )J,CJlaTHOCTH oY)J,y nponOBC)J,HH~H H pCaJlH3aTOpH xpunrhancsux MOpaJlHHX H)J,caJla. Kana ofijaB.Ihyjy MaTcpHjaJlc KOjH BO)J,C xa H30na'lClbY .IhY)J,CKHX )J,yma, HOBHllapH MOpajy OHTH H3J10)J(CHU KaHOHCKHM aafipaaana, y cJly'lajy IbHXOBC npanannoCTH Ilpanocnannoj UpKBH.

Y OKBll.pll.Ma csaxora 0):1 BII):IOBa cpencrasa MaCOBHor HHcpopMHcalba (lIITaMnaHHX, paAHo--eJICKTPOHCKHX, KOMrrjYTcpCKHX) KOjH HMajy csoje cneqIIcpWIHOCTII, U:pKBa - KaKO Kp03 CBOjC 3BaHHqHC YCTaHOBC, 'raxo H Kp03 noje,qHHaqHe HHll.qll.jaTHBc CBeIliTCHOCJIY)KHTeJba II Mll.pjaHa - pacnoaaace H conCTBCHHM HH<i>opMaTHIIHHM CpC)J,CTBHMa, xoja HMajy OJlarOCJIOB ~PKBCHHX CTapeumna. HCTOBPCMCHO, UpKBa Kp03 CBOjC YCTaHOBC H onynoxoheua naua capal]yjc ca CPC)J,CTBHMa MaCOBHor HII<i>opMHcalba. Ta capamsa ocrsapyje ce xaKO nYTCM noceonnx CPOPMIl. npacyrnocra U:PKBC y CpC):ICTBHMa MaCOBHor HH¢opMHcalba (cnClI,IIjaJIHII npll.JI03II Y HOBIIHaMa, qaCOnIICIIMa, nocetine py6pIIxe, CCpIIjC TCJICBH3IIjCKHX II panaonporpaaa), TaKO II II3BaH lbIIX (nojenmra-rHII qJIaHIJ;II, panao - TCJICBII3IIjCKC exmcaje, HHTCpBjyH, yxetuhe y pa3HIl.M 06- JIIl.IWMa jaBHIIx ):IHjaJIOra II pacnpasa, KOHcYJITaTHBHa 1l0MOh HOBIIHapIIMa, IlIHpCILe 1l0ce6110 IIpIInpeMJI,eHIIX IIHcpopMaIJ;IIja MC!)y HOBIIHapIIMa, ):IOCTaBJban,e IIPIIpY'IHor MaTcpIIjaJIa II MoryhHocT ):I06IIjalba aynac- II BII):Ieo- MaTcpIIjana xao lIITO cy CHIIMIJ;II, TOHCKIl. 3allIICII, penponyxosaae).

Capamsa UpKBe U CBCTOBHHX cpencrasa MaCOBHor HH<i>opMHcalba npernOCTaB.Iha pajaMny O)J,rOBopHOCT. HH<i>opMa~Hja xoja je )J,OCTaB.IhCHa HOBHnapy H KOjy 011 )J,a.IhC npCHOCU aY)J,HTopujYMY Mopa OUTU BCPO)J,OCTojlla. MuIIl.IhClba CBeIIlTCHOCJIYJKUTC.Iha UJIH )J,pyrux npe)J,CTaBHUKa UpKBe, xoja ce mape Kp03 cpencrsa MaCOBHor HH<i>opMHcalba, Mopajy O)J,rOBapaTH IhCHOM y'leIby H CTaBY KojH CC O)J,HOCU na )J,PYIIlTBCHa naran,a. Y cnysajy aapaacasau,a

.1J1'IHOr MIIlIIJbelba, TO Mopa HCABOCMIIcnCHO na 113jaBII KaKO caxo JIHIJ;e xoje ce nojaan.yje y cpencrmora MaCOBHor HHcpopMHcalba, TaKO H OHa JIHIJ;a, xoja cv OArOBopHa lIITO je TaKBO MHlIIJbelbC 1I3HeTO npen aYAHToplIjYM. Capann.a CBelIITCHocnY)KHTeJI,a H I~PKBCHHX ycranona ca CBeTOBHHM cpe):lCTBIIMa MaCOBIIor IfHcpopMHcalba Mopa ce oABHjaTII nOA PYKOBo!)elbeM l\PKBCHHX CTapCIlIHHa - y3 OCBCUlTaBalbe olllIITeqpKBeHe ):IeJIaTHOCTH - II crrapxIIJcKHX BnaCTH, ya capann.y ca Cpe):lCTBHMa MaCOBHor HHcpopMIIcalba aa peraonannou HHBOY, lIITO jc npesacxonao rrOBC3aHO C OCBCIJITaBalbeM )KHBOTa y enapxaja.

15. 3. TOKoM capamse UPKBC H CBCTOBHHX cpc)J,cTaBa MaCOBllor HII<i>OP,,"calha Mory ce nojasaru CJI0JKCHH na '1aK H 030H.IhIlH KOH<i>JlHKTH. IlpoO.leMH ce noceono nojasn.yjy y cnyxajy npenouren.a HeTa'IHHX HJIH HCKPHBJbeHHX IIHcpopMal\Hja 0 l\PKBCHOM )KHBOTY, lhHXOBHM nocraan.an.ex Y neonroaapajyhn KOHTCKCT, MCillalbeM JIWIHOf CTaBa ayropa HJIII I~IITIIpaHor naua C onlIITHM CTaBOM U:pKBe. Capamsa U:pKBe H CBCTOBHHX cpencrasa MaCOBHor HHcpopMHcalba nOHeKaA ce noapaxyje H KPHBHI~OM cauor CBClIITeHCTBa H MHpjaHa. Ha npnnep, y cnysajy na ce HOBHHapHMa neonpaanano OHe~lOryhII npacryn HHcpopMaqHjaMa HJIH y cnysajy yspehene peaxnaje na npasemry H KopeKTHY KpIITIIKy. CJIHqHa mrran.a rpeoa pClIIaBaTII y ):Iyxy MHPnor ):IHjaJIOra C qHJbeM yxrrarsan,a HCAoYMIIl\a H nponyxerxa capann,e,

HCTOBPCMCHO, H3MCI]y UpKBe H CBeTOBHHX cpencrana MaCOBHor UII<i>opMHcalba nojann.yjy ce H )J,yO.IhH, npHH~HnHjcJlHH KOH<i>JlHKTH. To ce )J,Oraha y cnysajy xyne na HMC EO)J(ltjc H ocra.nrx npojaaa 60roxy.1HItIIlTBa. CHCTCMaTCKor It csecnor HCKpItB.IhaBalba ItHq,op"allltja 0 IlPKBCHO" JKlmory, O'lUfJlCAllor KJlC8CTalba UPK8C H IbCIIHX C8CUlTcHoc~lyJKIfTC,Da. Y cnvsajy Aa ce nojase TaKBII KOHCPJIIIKTH, saura npxsena BJIaCT (y O):lHOCy na np)KaBHa cpencrsa MaCOBHor HHcpopMHcalba) HJIH enapxnjcxa erurcxon (y OAHOCY na pernoaanna H JIOKaJIHa CpC):IcTBa MaCOBHor HHcpopMHcalba) Mory na, HaKOH onrosapajyhe onOMCHe II npenysaaaa,a 6ap jennor noxyuraja na ce cryrra y nperosope, npe):lY3My cnenehe Mepe: na npexmry capamsy C 0):1[0- sapajyhms CpC):ICTBOM MaCOBHor HHcpopMHcalba HJIH HOBIIHapoM; ):Ia n030BY sepyjyhe na 60jKOTyjy onrosapajyhe cpeACTBO MaCOBHor IIHcpopMHcalba; na ce ofipare opranava ):Ip)KaBHe BJIaCTH aa paapenren.e KOHcpJIHKaTa; na H3JIO)KC KaHOHCKHM aafipanana xpasue aa rpeuran nOCTYllaK, YKOJIHKO cy OHH IIpaBOCJIaBHH xpnurhaaa. rope nasenena 1l0CTYlll\H Mopajy 6II:TH nOTBp!)eHH AOKYMcHTHMa H 0 lbHMa ce Mopa 06aBccTHTH nacrna H APYlIITBO Y l\eJIHHH.

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16. ME'BYHAPO,ll;HH O,ll;HOCH. IIPOBJIEMH r JIOBAJIH3A:QHJE H CERY JIAPH3MA

il cnopasyn ca I'aaaon.amoaa. 3aKJhY'leH 360r lhlIXOBe OOMaHe, 61I0 npaxnaheH xao crsapan 3601' lhcroBC CBCIlITCHe cpOpMyJIC: Mu CI10 lUI ce satcnenu Fociioaou EOlO.« hepaun.eeu». 3atUO caca -ue .IlO.llfe.IW qupaiiut y n-ux (11c. HaB. 9; 19)Y blf6Jl1fjl1 CC IIaJIa311 aafipaaa cxnanau,a caseaa ca IIOPO'IIIlfM naraHCKI1M rrJICMCllI1Ma (2. Mojc. 34: 15). YocraJIOM, TlPCBlI11 Jyncjn cy OT\ctyrraJIIi on re 3arrOBeCTI1. Pa3JIWIHTI1 crropa3yMI1 11 caBe31I raxohc cy ce 'ICCtO napymasana.

Xpmuhancxn H)J,C3JI 1I01l3rn31b3 113pO)J,3 H BJl3)J,3 Y cdiepa MC~Y"3pO)J,HIIX 0)J,HOC3 ca)J,pJKH cc Y "3J13THOM npaBIIJIy": C6e, aatcne, uiiiio xoheiiie qa «une eaua .fbyqu suuuiiie U 611 Ibll.Ma (MT. 7; 12). Ynorpcon.anajybn OBO HalJeJIO HC cano y JIJ1lIHOM nero 11 y ApYIliTBeHOM )KI1BOTY. rrpaBOCJIaBlIl1 XPI1- UIfiaHI1 Mopajy I1MaTl1l1a yM)' na "EoI' HUjC y CI1III1 Hero y npasna." Ynopeno c TI1M, YKOJII1KO lIeKO ncjcrnyjc npOTI1BHO rrpaBcT\IIOCTI1, IhCHO nacrtocrasn.afbC 'ICCTO 3aXTCBa orpanauasajyha na 'IaK 11 HaCl1JlHa AcjCTBa npeua J\pyI'IiM HapoAIiMa II AP)KaBaMa. Ilosnaro jc na cy, 360r 1I30rra'ICIIOCTII JbYACKC IIpIlroue rpexoxr, naunje H npxcane npaxrauno IICH36c)KIIO I1MaJIC pa3JIWII1TC iIHTCPCCC, aajseinhe nOBC3aHC ca nOCCAOBalbCM 3CMJbC, rrOJIIiTWIKOM H BOjHOM AOMHHallHjoM H Ao6HjalhcM najnche KOPHCTH on npOH3BOl\lhC H TprOBl1- lie. "pKIIOCT )J,a cc 3alUTHTC CaIlJlCMCIIUllH, xoja CC ycncn rora noj3BHJl3, IIOCT3BJba IICKa orpallH'IClha ua CIlPCMIIOCT JIH'IIIOCTH iJ,a ce OiJ,PCKIIC COIICTBCHHX HIITCPCC3 p3)J,H )J,06pa )J,pyror H3po)J,a. If nopclI. TOI'3, "p3BOCJlaRIH XPHlUh311H H IhHXORC aajenunue 1I03B311H cy na TCJKe crnapan.y TaKBHX MC~yHapo)J,IIHx onnoca KOjH OH CJlYJKHJlH 113jBcheM ;:J,06py II 3a;:J,oBOJhCIhY 3aKOIIHTIIX H1l'repCC3 concrnenor Hapo)J,a, cycennnx aapona II 'IUT3Be onurrexone'I3I1CKe noponune,

Tperiano 6H na Y3ajaMHH OAHOCIi napona II Ap)KaBa 6YAY ynpaan.cmt xa ~lHpy, ysajaanoj noaohn H capana,n. Anocron Ilanne aanosena xpnnrhannxia: AKO je sioiytu; KO!lUKO go 6ae ciiioiu; lI.AwjtUe Mllp ea e6UMa .fbygu.lta (PHM. 12: 18). Apxnermcson MOCKOBCKH <PHJlapeT Y 6eceAH nOBOAOM aaxn-y-ren.a ~!Hpa 1856. r, xaxce: "Onosienaao ce 3aKOHa H HcnYHHMO BOJI,Y 60)KaHCTBCHOI' HalJaJIHHKa MHpa - HC onOMHlhIlMO ce 3JIa, ortpaurrajno ynpenc, 6YAHMO Y MHpy xax II C OHHMa xoja HCHaBHAe MHp (TIc. 119; 6), a YTOJIIiKO npe ca UHHMa xojn HaM npcnrraxcv npexnn nenpnjaren.crna 11 npyzcajy PYKy nOMHpeu.a." Y 3 nyuo pa3YMCBalhC HeH36e)KHOeTH KOHcpJII1KaTa H pacnpaBa Y IIa.10M CBeTY, Ilpxna n03HB3 BJl3CTO)J,plUl~e na CBe KOlllfJJlHKTe paspeurasajy "YTeM yaajanno IIPHXR3TJhHBHX peiueu,a, Oua craje H3 CTP3HY JKpTaBa arpecnje, 3 T3Ko~e H na crpany OllHX KOjH cy H3J10JKCIIH HeJlefHTHMHOM H MOpaJlHO neonpanaanox CIIOJh3lUlbCM npurncxy. Kopnuthcn,e nojne CHJlC lI,pKB3 "pIIXB3Ta caMO xao xpajn.e CPC)J,CTBO Y 3aIIITHTII O)J, 0PYJK3I1C arpecnjc )J,py-

16. 1. Haponn H AP)KaBC crynajy jeAHH C APYI'HMa y CKOHO\!CKe, IlOJIHTWIKC sojnc H ,upyrc UAIIOCC. Kao PC3YJITaT 'rora, Ap)KaBC nacrajy H nccrajy, MClhajy cuoje rpamme, yjclIl1fbyjy ce HJII1 ce nene; nero TaKO, OIIC crsapajy HJIII pacxmiajy pa3JIWIHTC cauese. Y CBCTOM TIHCMY IIaJIa3C ce MHllroCipojlla acropnjcxa CBCAO'IaIICTBa () H3rpaAIblI ~!e~yIIapol\III1X onuoca.

JCl\aH 01\ IIpBHX MC~Y IIJle~!CHCKHX cnopasyaa, 3aKJbY'ICII H3MC~y B.'IaCIIHKa 3eMJbe, ABHMCJICXa, H I-(OIlIJbaKa, Aapaaua, OIIlIcaII jc Y KlhH::lH TIocran,a: Y lUO epeue pe-te A611.lte.lex: 3a"JHlI ,\Ill ee caaa EOlO.11 qa nelteui upeeapuiiiu MeHe Hli ClIHa sioie:« Hli )'H)'Ka uoieia, ueio ga hell! go6po OHClKO, KaKO ca,1t ja (lle611 uunuo II iiu: -uinuiuu MeHIl )' 3eM.fbU y KOjOj ell qouuun: A A6P(ULIt peue: xoh» ce 3a"·J7e/Uu ... 11 3aK.fbY'1ll1lle ca6e3 (1. Mojc. 21; 22-24, 27). Cnopaayua ey yMalhHBaJIH onaCHOCT OA parosa H cyxoria (B. 1. Mojc. 26; 26-31 H He. HaB. 9; 3-27). nOHcKaA cy npCI'OBOPH H ACMOIICTpal\Hja A06pc BOJbC cnpC'JaBaJIH KpBOrrpOJIHhe (1. CaM. 25; 18-35), cnopa3YMHMa cy cc 3aBpWaBaJIH paToBH (1. l.1,ap. 20; 26 34). bH6JIHja nOMHlhC H BOjIIC caBC3C (1. Mojc. 14: 13. CYI\. 3; 12-13,1. Ilap. 22; 2-19, Jep. 37; 5-7). Ilonexan ce sojna IlO\!Ol1 ~o6l!ja.la sa aosan II OCTane MaTcpHjaJIIIC AparollcHoCTIi (2. Llap. 16; 7-9, l.lJ,ap. 15; 17--20). Cnopaayn 1I3MciW COJIOMOlIa II Xnpaua HMao jc xapaxrep cxonovcxor casesa: E60, C!lyle sio]« Gutie eajeono ca (1),l(UW lU60- jllJ\t, U ja hy iuu aaeaiuu iuuiiu» sa c!l)'ze iueo]e, «atcev 109 oopeauiu, jep «ot; Hac ueua .fbygll «oiu 611 iiuu:o 3HaJ1l1 ga cexy opea KClO Cuaouuu ... 11 tieiue ,ItUP 113Meby Xupaua II CO!lOAWHa, II OHII 3aK.fb),'1llll!e C(l6e3 :lteby cotiou (1. Llap. 5; 6, 12). Y npCrOBOpI1Ma KOjH cy BO~CHH nocpencrnoxr asacnanaxa pacyhnaano ce 0 TaKBHM IIHTalbHMa xao IIITO ey npOJIa3aK IIaopY)KalIHX JbyI-(H npexo TY~C 3eMJbC (4. Mojc. 20; 14-17,21; 21-22) HJIH reparopnjamnr CIIOPOBH (CYI-(. 11; 12-28). Cnopa3YMH cy MOI'JIH Aa YKJbY'le II npenajy reparopnja jenner napona IlpyroM (1. l.1,ap. 9; 10 -12, 1. l.1,ap. 20; 34).

Y EH6JIHjH cc nanase 11 OnI1CH AHlIJlOMaTCKor JIYKaBcTBa, IIOBC3aHor C IIY)!(lIOUIfiy 3a!IITHTC 0)\ Mofillor npoTHBHHKa (He. HaB. 9; 3 27, 2. CaM. 15; 32-37,16; 16-19, 17; 116). nOHcKaA cc MHp KYIIoBao (2. l.1,ap. 12; 18) HJIH nnahao y BIiAY uanxa. Hecysnsmso jc I-(a cy jCI-(HO 01-( CpCACTaBa sa paspcmasan-e cuopona H KOIIcpJIIiKaTa 6HJIH 11 parona. 113BCIIITajIIMa 0 lhIlMa 06HJIyjy Klblire Crapor 3aBeTa. YocraJIOM, y CBeToM nlICMY IIOCTOjC H npavcpn nperosopa 'IHjH je llHJL CiHO H36eraBalbc paTa nenocpenno IIPClI n.eros IIO'ICTaK (2. Ilap. 14; 9 10). Y crap03aBcTIIIIM BpcMeHHMa, npaxca nocrman,a cnopaayva 3aCIIHBaJia ce na pCJIHrH03IIO-MOpaJIIIHM IIa'ICJIHMa. Taxo je 'laK

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177

fHX )l,pX<3Ba. Kan je Y IUITalhY novoh, TaKBY 3aIllTIITY MO)!(C na OCTBap" 11 npscana xoja Hl1jC 611JIa HcnOCpCAHI1 06jeKaT uanana, YKOJII1KO TO 01.\ lhe aaTpa)!(11 npscana xoja je HanaAIIYTa.

CBOjC OAHOCe ca cnorsaunsmr CBCTOM npxasa rpaAI1 aa TeMCJbY CYBCPCHI1TCTa 11 reparopujanne n:CJIOBI1TOCTI1. QpKBa 'ra nna nauena CMaTpa sa OCIIOBna Y CJIY'Iajy na napon 'rpefia na 3allITI1TU csoje 3aKonUTC UIITCpCCC. OBa naxeJIa IIpC)I,CTaBJbajy KaMCII-TCMCJban: Mc~y)l,PJKaBIII1X YI'OBOP3 a CaMIIM TUM 11 MC~yIIapO)l,IIOI' npaBa. HCTOBPCMCHO, sa CBCCT npaBOCJIaBIIOI' xpmnbauana O'lUmC)I,HO je na cy CBC JbY)I,CKC YCTaHOBC, na caMUM TUM 11 )l,pJKaBHI1 CYBcpcnUTCT, pCJlaTUBHC npen EOJKUjUM cneaoryhcrsoa. Hcropnja noxasyje HeCTaJIHOCT nocrojan,a, rpannua 11 06JII1Ka npxasa, crsapanax KaKO ua repuropnjannoermmxoj OCHOBIf TaKO 11 3601' eKOHOMCKI1X, nOJII1TWIKI1X, BOjHI1X 11 npyrnx, CJIWIHI1X pasnora. He nopauyha IiCTOPlljCKI1 ana-raj MOHoeTHWIKI1X npxasa, fIpaBOCJIaBHa Ilpxaa ucronpeueao nosnpann.a I.\06POBOJbIIO yjCl.\l1lhelhC napona Y jeAI1HcTBCH OpraHI13aM 11 crnapan.e BI111ICHall,I1OlIaJU!I1X Ap)!(aBa, yKOJII1KO CC Y lhl1Ma He napyurasajy rrpaBa unjenaor napona, Ynopeno C TI1M, Mopa CC np"3HaTU na Y caBpCMCHOM CBCTY nocrojn H3BCCHa npOTI1Bype'lHOCT H3MC~y onUITCnpl1XBahcHUX "pUHIIUna CYBCPCHI1TCTa U TCP"TOPlfjaJIIIC IICJlOBI1TOCTIi )l,PJKaBC C jC)J,HC Ii TCJKIhOM lIapO)l,a UJII1 jenner IhcrOBor nena xa )J,pJKaBHoj CaMOCTaJIHOCTI1 ca npyre CTpaHC. CnOpOBI1 11 KOIIliJJlUKTI1 KojU O)J,aTJlC npoacTI1'1y Mopajy ce pCIIIaB3TI1 MHpllHM nYTCM, na OCHOBY )l,l1jaJlora, 11 ya najaehe Morylic ycaraamaaan,e 06c CTpaHC. HMajyli11 IIa yMy na je jC)J,UIICTBO )l,06po a pa3jC)I,lflhCHOCT 3JlO, QpKBa II03)1,paBJba TCJKIhY xa yjC)I,UIhCIhY 3CM3Jba H napO)l,a a nocc6no onux, xoja I1Majy UCTOPlljCKY 11 KyJITypny nOBC3aHOCT, Y3 YCJIOB )l,a IhI1XOBO yjC)I,l1lhCIhC nuje YCMCPCHO npOTHB 'rpehe 3CMJbC. QpKBa JKaJIl1 xana CC, y BC311 C nO)l,CJlOM nOJlI1CTHll'lKI1X 3CM3Jba, pyum I1CTopHjcKa 3ajc)l,HHn:a Jby)l,H, rase Ihl1X0Ba npaBa Ii y JKI1BOTC MnOrl1X YJla3H CTP3)J.3IhC. UO)l,CJI3 BUIIICHall110HaJIHI1X )l,pJKaBa MOJKC CC CMaTpaTI1 OnpaB)I,aHOM caMO onna, Ka)l, CC je)l,aH 0)1, napona O'lUmC)I,HO H3Jla311 y yrn.erenoa nonozcajy UJII1 YKOJlI1KO BOJba Bchl1HC CTaHOBHI1Ka TC 3CMJbC Hl1jc YCMcpCHa xa O'lYBaIhY jC)J,l1nCTBa.

HCAaBHa ncropaja je rroxasana na je rrOACJIa '!I1TaBOr nasa espoaaajCKI1X I.\p)!(aBa CTBOpHJIa BeUITa'IKI1 pacuen MC~y HapO)J,HMa, noponauana H rrOCJIOBHI1M aajemmnaaa, na je AOBeJIa AO HaCHmIOr npecersen.a H rrOTI1CKI1- san.a pa3HI1X eTHWIKI1X, cOI~l1jaJIHI1X 11 BCPCKHX rpyna, a IIITO je Y3pOKOBaJIO na HapOAI1 113ry6c CBOjC CBCTHH,C. Iloxyuraja na ce na lhHXOBHM KpXOTI1HaMa CTBOPC jennoaauaonanne npzcase nocrana cy OCHOBHH Y3POK xpaonponaha y Me~YCTHWIKI1M KOHCPJII1KTI1Ma, KOjl1 cy nOTpCCJIH I1CTO'IHY Espony.

I1Majyhli y BIIAY OHO WTO je nperxonao pe-reno, Mopa ce np"3HaTI KOpl1CT 0)1, craapan,a Mc~y)J,PJK3BtlHX cancsa, 'mjl1 je I~HJb vjennn.en.e nanopa y

exoaoucxoj 11 rrOJlI1TwIKoj 06J1aCTH a TaKO~e 11 3ajcgHwIKa saurnrra 0):1 cnon.aunse npern,e 11 nonoh )!(pTBaMa arpecaje. Y Mc~y/~p)!(aBHI1M rproaa-tKI1M 11 CKOI!OMCKI1M ogHocl1Ma rpefiano 611 na ce npaven.yjy OHa I1CTa MOpanna rrpaJ3I1J1a KaKBa Ba)!(C H aa rrpI1BpcJ~HO--l!pcgy3eTHwIKY /~CJlaTHOCT '[0- sexa YOIlW're. Capann,a napona 11 Llp)!(aBa y naroj CCPCpH Mopa ce 3aCHHBaTH na rrOUITClhY, npancmrocrn 11 Te)!(lhH na CBI1 Y'ICClIl1l1,H Y 3ajeI\IIW[KOM pany rrOCTHrHY rrpl1XBaTJbI1BC pe3YJITaTC (B. 16: 3). fI03ApaBJba ce MC~yHapogHa capann,a y KYJITYPHOj, HaY'IHoj, npocseruoj I1I1HcpopMaTI1BHoj 06J1aCTH, yKOJlI1KO ce OHa rpanu na paBHorrpaBHOCTI1 11 Y3ajaMHoM YBa)!(aBaIbY 11 aKO je YCMepeHa xa TOMe na cc CBaKI1 napon KOjH je y IbY YKJby'reH, 060raTI1 ncxyCTBOM, Ca3Halhl1Ma H rrJlOAOBHMa crsapana '[KI1X AOCTl1rHyha.

16.2. TOKOM 20. sexa, MHorOCTpaHI1 Me~y):lp)!(aBHll crropa3yMI1 gOBeJII1 cy AO crsapan.a pasrpaaaror CHCTeMa Me~YHapogl!or npana, 06aBe31!or sa CBe 3eMJbC --- nOTIll1CHl1l1,e OAPCl)CHliX cnopaayna. Ilpscane cy crsopane 11 Me~YHapogHe opraaaaaunje, '!I1jc cy O):lJIYKe raxohc oriaseayjybe sa 3CMJI,C - Y'leCHHlI,e. HeKI1M 0):1 TI1X opraanaauaja snane npenajy nYHoMohn KOjC ce rn-ry CKOHOMCKe, nOJlIITn'lKe n sojne gCJIaTHOCTH, WTO y 3Ha'[ajHoj Mepn aanape HC caxo y Me~yHapoAHe oAHOCC, Hero 11 Y YHYTpaw1lJ11 )J(nBOT napona. «I>CHOMCH npauue 11 nOJlI1TH'IKC pcmonannaauaje 11 mofianaaauaje nocraje crsapnocr.

C jenne crpaue, TaKaB pasnoj Me~YAP)!(aBHIIX onnoca nOMa)!(C aKTnBHpan.y rproaanxe, npoaasonne, sojue, rrOJII1TWIKe n npyre capann.e, 'lnjy neonxonnocr YCJlOBJbaBa npaponno javan,e Mel)YHapogHHx BC3a H norpeoa sa 3ajel-\HWIKHM onroaopov aa rJI06aJlHe H3a30BC caapcsieaor nofia, Y nCTOpaja Ilpanocnaan.a IIOCTOjC npanepa n03HTnBHor yrnnaja UPKBC aa pasnoj pCrIIOHaJlHnX Mel)YAP)!(aBHHX aesa. Mehynaponne opraaaaaunjc nonpnaoce peuranan.y pa3J1WIIITnX cnoposa n KOHcpJIHKaTa. C npyre crpaue, He CMe ce nOTlI,eHlITn orraCHOCT Oil, pa3MnMOIIJla)!(elba BOJbe napona n O):lJIyKa Mel)YHaPOgHHX opranusauaja. Te oprannaaunje Mory nOCTaTIf cpencrsa sa nenpaBCgHY AOMHHall,Hjy ja-rax 3eMaJba Hag CJIa6HjHMa, 60raTI1X Hag CHpOMaUIHHMa, TeXHOJIOIIIKn I1I1HcpopMall,HjcKH passajeaajax Hag 3aOCTaJlHMa. OCHM '1'0- ra, MOrJIO 6n ):IOhH ):10 gBOjHHX crannapna y npHMeHn Mel)YHapogHor npasa a y mrrepecy HajYTl1l\ajHnjnx gp)!(aBa.

CBe TO "O)l,CTI1'1C UpaBOCJlaBIlY QpKBY )l,a "POIICCY "paBHC H "OJlUTU'IKC I1HTcpHan:110naJlH3alll1jc "PUCTY"U ca KPUTH'IKOM onpesaomhy, n031183- jylin BJlaCTo)l,pmn:c KaKO ua nannonanno«, TaKO H na MC~yHapO)l,HOM III1BOY, na nojasany O)l,rOBOpIIOCT. CBaKa O)l,JlYKa, BC3aHa 33 3aKJbY'lCIhC CY)l,60HO· CIIHX Mc~ynapO)l,HUX cnopaayna, a TaKO~C H aa O)l,pC~CIhC CTaBa 3eM.'hC y OKBHp"Ma )l,CJIaTIIOCTII MC~yHapO)l,HUX opranmannja, Mopa CC npHXBaTI1TI1 cano

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179

y CarJIaCHOCTH ca BOJbOM napona, 3aCHOBanOM H3 nornynoj H OOjCKTHBHOj H1UjwpMHcaHOCTH 0 CylllTHIIH H nOCJIC)l.H~3M3 nJIaHHp3HHX peuren,a. UPHJIHKOM cnpoaohen,a nOJIHTHKC BC3311C sa npaxsaran,e ofianesyjyhax MC~ylIapO)l.HHX CnOpa3YM3 H ca )l.CJIOB3n.CM MC~yH3pO)l,HHX opranasaunja, BJIa)l.C Mopajy O)l.6paHHTH )l.yX08Hy, KyJl'rypHy H CBaKY )l.pyry caMo6HTIIOCT 3CMJbC H napona, KaO H 3aKOIIHTC HnTCpCCC )l,pJKaBC. Y OKBHpHMa CaMHX MC~yH3pO)l,IIHX opraaasaunja IIYJKIIO je na cc 06C36c)I,H jC)I,naKOCT CYBCpCnHX )l,pJKaBa y IIpHCTyny MCXanH3MHMa nonomeu.a O)l.JIyK3 If Y npaay na O)l.Jly'lyjyliu m3C, na y TOM CMHCJIY If npUJIHKOM O)l,pC~Clb3 OCIIOBHHX Mc~ynapO)l,HHX CT3H)I,apna, KOH(PJIHKTHC caryauuje H CnOpOBC rpefia penranaru cauo ya ysemhe U C3maCHOCT CBHX 3CMaJba, 'IHjH CC JKHBOTIIH UHTCPCCH )l,OTH'IY Y KonKpCTnOM CJIY'lajy. UpHXB3Tan.c o6aBc3yjyliHX o)l,JIyKa 6C3 camaCHOCTH )l.pJKaBC na xojy TC O)l,JIyKC npme nenocpenan YTH~aj Morylic je casro y cnyxajy arpecnje IfJIH MaCOBHor y6ujan.a Jby)l,H ynyTap 3CMJbC.

I1Majyhu na yMy HY)KHOCT nyxonno-vopannor yrnuaja na nocrynxe rroJUITIJlIKUX nunepa, capamse ca lbllMa, sacrynan.a norpeoa napona U nojcnuHIIX rr,y)l,ll, UpKBa cryna y nnjanor U capann.y ca Me~yHapo)l,HIIM oprannaauajana. Y OKBllpUMa Tor npoueca OHa HenOKOJIe6uBO caeno-ra 0 CBOjOj y6e~eHOCTll y anCOJIYTHll ana-raj sepe II nYXOBHOr nenan-a aa 'lOBeKOB pall, 011.JIYKe H oupenoe.

16. 3. rJI06aJIU3a~llja HeMa cauo rrOJIUTWIKO-rrpaBHY Hero II eKOHOMCKY II. KyJITYPHO-UHCpopMaTIIBHY )l,UMeII3ujy. Y CKOHOMUjU, OHa je nosesana ca nojasosr TpaHCHaIWOHaJIHIIX xopnopaunja. y KojllMa cy ycpencpehenn 3Ha'lajHll MaTeplljaJIHll U qlHHaHclljcKU pecypca II rne pann orponan 6poj rpabana paannx sevan,a. Jlnua xoja cy na 'leJIY Me~YHapO)l,HUX eKOHOMCKUX U qJllHaHclljcKllx crpyxrypa ycpencpebyjy y CBOjllM pyxava orpojnty BJIaCT, xoja Hllje non KOHTPOJIOM napona na 'IaK HU BJIaAa U xoja He npasnaje HUKaKBC rpaanne -- 6uJIO na cy TO )l,p)KaBHe rpanuue, eTIIIJlIKO-KYJITypHU rrneHTIITeT UJIU HY)KHOCT o-rysan.a eKOJIOiliKe U nenorparpcxe cTa6uJIHOCTrr. Ta nnua nonexan He )KCJIe na y3My y 063Up rpanmtajy U peJUIrH03Ha na-rena OHUX napona, KOjU cy YByqeHU y OCTBapIIBalbe lbUXOBUX rrJIaHOBa. UpKBy Y3HeMupyjc U npaxca cprrHaHcujcKIIX cnexynannja KOjC yxanajy 3aBUCHOCT npnxona on YJIO)KeHOr rpyna, Jenan on 06JIllKa TUX cnexynaunja cy U "rtapavanamte oaHKC", 'Illje pyuren.e U3a3UBa norpece IIIllPOKUX paanepa. Y IWJIUHU rroCMaTpaHO, CJIWIHe npoxicne y exoaounja IiOBO)l,e no ry6uTKa npaopnrera pana U tIOBcKa Hag KarrUTaJIOM U CpCnCTBUMa npomnonn,e.

Y xynrypno -UHcpopMaTuBHoj crpepa, rxotianaaauaja je yapoxosana pasaojev TeXHOJIOruja xoje OJIaKIIIaBajy npeueurrau.c (npcccn.en.e) rr,ynu U npenxrera, urapen,c U Aooujalhc UHcpopMa~uja. [Ipyurraa, xoja cy He Kana aUJIa

::cl;jcrr,eHa pa3AaJbUHOM U rpamntana U 360r Tara BehuM T\CJIOl\! ncroponna. ca.ia JIaKO gOJIa3e y nOAUp jenuo C npyruM U nocrajy nOJIUKYJITypHa. Mc~y- 111\!, AaTll npouec nparu noxymaj na ce YCIIOCTaBIl nOMuHa~uja 60raTC eJIUre Hag OCTanIlM rr,yrIIlMa, jC)\JIC xynrype U jenner nornena na CBeT Han APYf1!\I, a JIITO jc nocefino JICllpIlXBaTJhJ1BO y pCJIl1rJ103Hoj crpcpn. Kao PC3YJITaT, aanaxa ce Te)Kl-ba ga CC xao jcnnna Moryha rrpCnCTaBI1 YIlI1Bep3aJIlIa, He:np0)\yxOBJhCHa xvnrypa. 3aCHOBaHa IIa nojMoBI1Ma naJI0I' 'IOBCl(a 0 CJIO- 110/111. TaKaB tlOBCK HI1 Y 'ICMY HC orpaun-raaa cefic, 6ynyhll na ce cMaTpa .inconyrnon BPCIiHOIllhy II MepllJIOM llCTllIIC. MHOI'll Y xpamhancxoa CBCTY nopene TaKaB paanoj rnofianaaamrje ca ll3rpaAlboM BaBllJIOIICKe KYJle.

Ilpmuaaajyhu IICMHIIOBHOCT H npHpO)l,lIOCT npoueca fJI063JIH331~H.iC, I\OjH Y Mlloro 'ICMY noronyjy onurreisy MC~y JbY)l,HMa, UlHpCn.y HHlpopMa~Hja H edmxacnocra npon3BO)l,HO-1IpC~Y3CTIIH'IKe )l,CJIaTHOCTu, Ilpxna UCTOBPCMCIIO o6palia na)f{n.y 1Ia yayrpaunsy I1pOTnBypc'IHOCT THX npoueca H on acnOCTU KOjC cy C IbnMa I10BC33HC. Kao npno, rnooanaaaimja, yrropcT\o ca rrpOMCHOM y06WIajCHllX na-nma oprauusauuje npaspennax npoueca, rrO'IH!hC Aa MClba II TpaAll~1l0IIaJIIIC nauune oprallll30nalba npyurrsa U ocrsapeIba BJIaCTll. Kao npyro, xntora on II0311TIIBIIIIX nnonosa rnofiannaaujrje )\0- cryrma cy cano uaunjaua xoje 'IllIIC MalhU neo 'IOHC'IaHCTBa, arm xoje axrajy cnn-me eKOHOMCKC U IIOJIIITWIKC CllCTCMe. LIHHII CC na cy )\pyrIl naponn, KOja qllHe ner urecrnna on yxynnor CTaHOBHUlIITBa na nnanera, On6a'lCHIl na py60Be CBCTCKC nannnaaanaje. OHII nanajy y ilY)KHWIKY 3aBllCHOCT OT\ CPlluaucnja HCKOJIIII\llHe llHnYCTplljCKIl pasnajetmx 3CMaJba II IIllCY Y CTal!,Y na crsope )\OCTojHe )KllBOTHC YCJIOBe. Meby IbllxonUM CTaHOBIlllIIITBOM paCTC

He3agoBorr,CTBO II pasouapau,e.

Ilpxsa 1I0CT3BJb3 mrran,e 0 csecrpauoj KOHTPOJIH Ha)l, TpaIlCII3l(HOIl3J1-

HHM Kopnop3I~HjaMa U nan npO~CCHMa KOjU CC onarpasajy y !jlHII3HCHjCKOM CCKTOPY exonouaje. TaKBa KOHTpOJIa, 'mjll 611 ~llrr, Mopano ua 6yne nor-rua.asan.e CBaKe npeAY3cTHwIKe II CPHlJaHclljcKe nenaTHOCTU anrepecaaa '10- BCKa U napona, Mopa ce ocrnaparn nocpencrnou cnnx MexaHll3aMa, xoja cy nocrynna APYllITBY II Ap)KaBll.

;J.YXOBHOj II KyJITypllOj excnananju, 06PCMCn.CHO.i TOTaJIHOM YHH!jlUKa~HjoM, Mopajy CC Cy"pOTCTaBnTn 3ajC)I,I1H'IKH nanopn lJ,PKBC, )l,p)KaBHIIX crpyxrypa, rpa~3HCKor )l,pYIIITBa II MC~yllapo~HHX opraaasauaja, )l.a 6n cc y CBCTY YCTallOBIIJla yncrnny pannonpanua If ysajaana xynrypua H nll!jlopMarnnna pa3MClla, cje)l.lIn.ClI3 C3 33111T1tTOM C3M06lfTIIOCTif naunje If OCTaJlllX JbY)l,CKnX 33.iC)I,HII~3 . Jenan Oil. na-rnna A3 ce TO nocrnrne MOrITO 6u na 6YAC II ocarypan.e npacryna aexian.a II napona OCHOBHIIM TeXHOJIOIllKIlM pecypcaMa, KOjll najy Moryhllocr fJ[06aJ1HOr mapcn.a II npasran.a llIIcpopMaI\llja. Up-

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KBa nonceha aa TO na MHore HaU;IfOHaJIHe KYJITYPC II.Majy xpnurhancxe xope~e II. na CY CJICg6CHIfU;If XPIl.CTOBil. II03Bam! na nonpnnecy ysapurhaaau.y ysajanne IIOBC3aHOCTil. sepe 11 KYJITypHOr HaCJIe~a aapona, OAJIY'IHO CC rrpa TOM cynporcrann.ajyhu nojaaana aHTllKyJITypC 11 xovepuajanaaannje llHcpOpMaTllBHO--{;TBapaJIa'IKOr npocropa,

Y u;eJIllHll rrOCMaTpaHO, 113a30B rnooanasauaje 3aXTeBa nocrojan onroBOp O~ canpevenor APYUITSa, 3aCHOBaHOr na 6p1l311 0 O'IYBafbY MllpHOr 11 nocrojaucrsenor )!(IlBOTa CBII.X JhygIf, cjenarsene ca Te)!(fbOM xa fbllXOBOM AYXOBHOM ycaapuranan.y, OCllM rora, HeOrrXOAHO je na ce nocrnrtre TaKBO ypeben,e CBeTa xoje 611 611JIO narpaheno 6a Ha'leJIllMa npanennocrn 11 jennaKOCTll JhygIf npen Eoron, a UITO 6H llCKJhY'llfBaJIO ryutetse fbHXOBe BOJhe og crpane HaU;IlOHaJIHllX II.JIIf rJI06aJIHIfX uenrapa nOJIIfTIf'lKOr, eKOHOMCKor 11 IfHcpopMaTIfBIIor yrnuaja,

16. 4. CaBpcMcHH MC~YHapOIl.HH npasna CHCTCM 3aCHHBa ce na npnopnTCTY HHTc~cca 3CMaJhCKOr JKHBOTa 'IOBCKa H JhYII.CKHX 3ajclI.HH u a Y O)l;HOCy na PCJIHrHJCKC Bpe)l;HOCTH (nocefino y OHllM CJIY'IajeBI1Ma xana npno If npyro AO~y y KOHCPJIIfKT). Takas npaopnrer YTBp~eH je Y HaU;110HaJIHOM 3aKOHOgaBcTBY MHOrHX 3CMaJha. OH je 'reCTO nOJIO)KCH y Ha'IeJIa perynauaje pa3JII1- '1I1THX 06JII1Ka geJIaTHOCTIf oprana BJIaCTI1, nsrpann,e gp)Kamror 06pa30Bnor CIfCTeMa, I1TA. Mnora yTI1l~ajHI1 gpYUITBeHIf MeXaHI13Mll KOpl1CTe TO naxeno y OTBopeHOM cynporcraan.aisy l.I,PKBIf If sepa, YCMepeHOM xa rnIfXOBOM rrOTHCKHBalbY 113 APYIIITBeHor )J{lfBOTa. Te nojase crnapajy onurry CJIIfKy CCKYJIapH3a"Hjc JKHBOTa )l;pJKaBC H )l;PYUITBa.

Ilpnxnarajyha na H HCpCJIHrH03HH JhYII.If HMajy npaao )l;a H3a6cpy nornen na CBCT H )1;3 yTH'Iy na )l;PYUITBCHC npo u ece, UpKBa HCTOBpeMCHO IIC MOJKC xao n03HTHBHY )l;a CXBaTH TaKBY H3rpa)l;lby CBCTCKor IIopCTKa npH KOjoj he CC Y CpC)I;HlIITC cnera nOCTaBHTH JhY)l;CKa JIH'IHOCT IIOMpa'lClla rpCXOM. Ocraan.ajyha OTBOpeHY MoryfiHOCT aa capamsy ca JhYAI1Ma HepeJIHrII03HUX y6e~efba, UpKBa ynpaao 360r 'rora TCJKH xa IIOTBp~HBalby xpHIIIhallCKUX BpC)I;II0CTH y IIpO"CCY )l;OIlOIIIClba lIajBaJKIIHjHx O)l;JIyKa KaKO ua lIaI~HOHaJIHOM TaKO H na Me~YHapOIl.1I0M IIHBOy. Ona CC 60pH sa npaaaanan,e JICrHTHMIIOCTH pCJIHrH03110r nornena na CBCT xao OCIIOBC sa )l;PYIIITBCIIO suasajua nena (rra caMllM TI1M U npxasaa) U xao CYWTuHcKor cpaKTopa xoja 6u rpeoano na yrn-re na cpopMllparne (npOMeIIY) Me~yHapogHor npana 11 na ne.1aTHOCT Me~YHapogHux oprauasauaja.

Ca pycxor npeaena; AHToHHHa DaHTcJIHh

Ceeuuiieuutc Bnaauuup 3jeJlUnCKU

EJlArOUAPEILE lKHBOTY - OU EHOETHKE KA IIPEMYUPOCTH

Iloxytuaj iipaOOCJ1aOHOi pasuaiiipan,« 1

llliiia je uoee«, ga ia ce cehaui? h nu CUH uoeeuuju, ga za UOXOgUlU?

Yuaieuo cu za 3a.Ma.110 09 auiena, cnaoou U -uuun y eenuao cu za.

H iiociuaeuo cu ia Hag oenuua PYKY Teojux, cae cu 1I0lULlllHUO iioa uoie u.eeoee. (Ilc. 5; 5- 8)

AKo otipailuuu uaJICI-bY ua ce6e, uehe tiuiuu uoiupetiuo oa iupaioee Teopua iupascuiu Y yciupojciiiey eacen.ene, neio hew Y ce6u ca.MO.M, «ao Y HeKO.M .MllKPOKOC.MOCY, cuaeiuu. Oe.llUKY tipeuyapociu cooz Ciiieopuillerea. - COelULt Bacunu]e Benuicu

TOKoM nocnernsux rOAUHa, 0 6uoeTul~u IIo'lurny cse vnopnaje na 1'0- aope If y npasocnanaoj cpenaun. Ilpe caera, U casta nojasa eTH'IKO - 6uoJIOiliKOr np06JIeMa IIOCJIY)KUJIa je xao nYToKa3 xoja yxaayje na npoaeny '10BeKOBor nonoxaja y TBapHOM cBeTY, 6ygyfiu ga 'IOBeK CBe naure ce6e vrspbyje xao Mepy CBUX craapn, a y naron cnyxajy U y OgHOCY ua npenajy U rrpeKpafiuBafbe )KUBOTa. Ilojasa 6uoeTIfKe, sajenno ca CBOM cneyxynnomhy HaY'IHIfx orxpuha If TeXHWIKIfX MoryfiHOCTIf xoje cy C fbIfMa noseaane, He npencraan.a cano jeaaucrsena 3HaK Heo6If'lHO napacne BJIaCTIf JhygcKor pona Hag CBOjOM "penponyxnnjoa" If "YCTPOjCTBOM", Hero If KBanUTaTUBHn: CKOK y 'IOBeKOBOM OHTOJIOWKOM crarycy. Moryhnocr geIlIn:cppOBafba H H3MeHe reuercxor xona If TaK03BaHa "eM6pIfOHanHa repanaja" npencraan.ajy, MO)Kga, KJhy'lHO orxpahe naurer g06a. Hamre, OHIf ornapajy nyr xa acnyn.ea.y jenne OA OHUX rajnux )!(eJha, xoje ce nasnsajy "BeKOBHOM MaWTOM '10Be'laHCTBa" - na "'1I1CTO" npemnny '10BeKa, YMeCTO osor uecaspmeaor If xao norpeumo acnacanor KOHu;eIITa, KOjIf HaM je OCTao nocne craapan.a U rpexonana. Ilpa TOM he Taj "'1IfCTO npcnncana" '10neK, Ma xan na ce TO neca, YKOJIIfKO 6yge MohHn:jn: y KOJIeKTIfBHOM 06nn:KY, YTOJIIfKO

I Osaj paA npencraan.a npepahcan aYTopcKII npcsou 'lJJaHKa (npBo6I1THO perpepara), ofijann.euor Y 36oPHIIKY: "Religion e bioetica, Un confronto sugli inizi della vita", Padova. 1997. c. 243-262.

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nllTH 3aBHcH11jH, palbHB11jH II nO)l,JIO>KIIHjH ynpaun.an.y y CBOjCTBY nojennIIa'!He JbY)l,CKe oco6e.

HOBa caryauaja HOCH y ce6H H3a30B sa IIOBCKa KaO aa rnapny npapouy, npH3BaHY y >KHBOT, H TaKaB npH3HB 3aXTCBa O)l, isera HOBY CBeCT 0 CBOjOj ern-rxoj H OHTOJIOIl1Koj OI~rOBopHOCTH. Ilpen HOBHM IIepcnCKTHBaMa, KOjC CC orsapajy rCIICTCKOM MaIIHnyrralJ,HjoM, IIOBCK jc rrpHlly~eH na CBOM rrorro>Kaj!, y CBCTY na HOBH CMHcao, na My rrpy>KH 1I0BO onpehen.e, na npeucrnrra CBOlY caBCCT C Ta'lKC rncnaurra 're HeBcpOBaTHC BJIaCTH y OAHOCY na >KHBOT, KOjH CC CBC BHIlIC uanasn y lbCI'OBHM pYKaMa. "Illra jc -tonex" KOjH he yCKOpo A06HTH snacr ga H3HyTpa rrpcca3AaBa H npexpaja caxora cc6e?

AKO CBeT ca CBe seho» ynopnourhy rosopa 0 npo6rreMHMa KOjH ce nojann.yjy 360r CBeCTH 0 TOj BrraCTH H n.enor xopnuthen,a, aKO nocroje 6HoeTWIKa penren,a T11X npofinesra xoje npennazcy paana-nrre pennraje H qlHrrococjKKC urxone, onna 6H, rro norann CTBapH, rpeoano na nocrojn H ananorno npaaocnasno pemen.c. Ilpeva nornua - rpeoano 6H na jc TaKO ana, OTBOPCHO rOBOpeha, TCIlIKO na TO onrosapa cTBapIIoCTH. [OTOBO na ce YOIIlliTC He 611 Morrro rOBopHTH 0 npaaocnannoj 6HOCTHlJ,H xao nayun llJIH 0 3BaHwmOM cTaBY KOjH sacryna Ilpaaocnasna UpKBa. Pa3YMc ce na nocroje 1I0jcnHIIc KIhHre xoje cy Harr11CaJIH npasocnaana 60rOCJIOBH HJIH rrcKapH a KOjC ce TWIY BCIlITa'IKor orrno!)Clba, aoopryca, eyraaasnje, renercxe repansjc H CJIWIHO. Me!)YTHM, TeIlIKO na 6H cc OHC Morrrc npeACTaBHTH xao noceona orinacr BCPOY'IClba HrrH xao pa3- pahena AOKTpHHa2• nOCTojH npoonewaraxa 6HocTHKe, ana MO>KC rrH ce y CTpOrOM cMHcrry rOBopHTH 0 nocrojan.y "6HoeTWIKHX rrpofinena" Ilpaaocnaan,a, MaKap y OHOM BHAY Y KOjcM CC OHH nocrasn.ajy y APyrnM xpHlIIhaHCKHM BCpOHCrrOBCl'THMa? TCIlIKO ga 6HCMO 6e3 xoneoan.a MorrrH na OAI'OBOPHMO: na. JJ:a rrH TO y OBOM cnysajy 3HalIH nanty CyMIhy na npaBOCJIaBJhC jCAHOCTaBHO HCMa IlITa na Ka>KC 0 6110eTHIl,H xao raxsoj? Ilpe 611 ce Morrro pebn na peuren.e CBHX npooneaa, nOBC3aH11X C OH11M lIITO CC Ha3HBa >KHBOT, npoasanasn H3 onurrer Il,pKBCHor rnenaurra, H HC paspahyje ra noceoan Ka6HHeT crpy-nsaxa.

OCBPHHMO ce na rrO'ICTKY na cau TepMHH "6HO-CTHKa." 0 IleMY HaM OH rosopa? OIIllrneAHO, 0 npasanaaa rsyncxor nonanran.a y 0AlIOCY aa "bios", 0 MOpaJlY HnH pauaonannoa M11llIJbeibY xoje C060M ooyxnara 11 na HCKH HalIHH "pacnopehyje" "6110C", rj. OHO IlITO >K11BH, IlITO 6HorroIIIKH nocroja. Y1C~YTHM, OBgC caM a pe-r nocrasn.a H na oAPc~eHH HalIllH paspetuasa 11CKpClC npofincjrc I1rr11, 60Jbe pe-reno, CBpCTaBa HeyxBaTlliHBY rajny >KHBOTa y

: Y .urrcparypn na PYCKOM jC311KY yxaaahcvo uajnpc ua Kfbllry ncxapa 11. B. CIl.lY_iJHOBe. "Caapcvcna Me/1I1l\HHa II IT pasocnann.e" (Mocxna 1998). xoja jc 113aLU.la C 6naroc.ionovi If KpaTKIlM ynYTCTBOM Cnjarjejurer narpujapxa MOCKonCKor II ucne Pycnic. :\.leKCffIJ .Ipvror.

HII3 "rrpofinesia" (npeyaanaao H3BeCHO cynporcraan.an.e pe-m "rrpotines;" II "rajna" KOA Faopujena Mapcena). Kao H CBaKa gpyra eTHKa ca CBOjHM 3aKOHHMa, H 611oeTHKa, CBeCHO HrrH HCCBCCHO, HCXOA11 H3 npaxara ancrpaxrnor, OCJ10IbeHOr na cauor cc6e paayna, KOjH nocenyje csoje 31IalbC H 'UllI11 ra ]errOM csor HHTcrreKTyaJIIIOr yHlIBcp3yMa. nosy-tenor yHYTap n.eroaor "ja". l{oBeK CC nosna-ut npen TajHOM, noxnan.a joj ce, yrra3H Y Ihy, HOOI je y cc611 II V HCKOM CTcnCHY naje joj na .IWCJW Y lbeMY HJ1H je onsaja Oil, ce6e xao npo- 6.~eM KOjH Mopa na peum, Tj. na je OCBOjH xao geo csor HHTeJIHrH6HrrHOr I pyc. YMonOCTHraCl>lOro) CBCTa.

OBAC anje pe-r 0 HCKOM npornan.en.y Hero 0 ABa CTaBa, KOjH ce Me!)yC06HO pasnaxyjy ynyrap aauier nocrojaisa, H MH 611 Tpc6aJ10 na 6Y)l,CMO CBeCHH re pa3J1HKc. Me!)yTHM, H cas: TepMHH "6HOCTHKa" Hac y H3BCCHOj Me pH a priori npHMopaBa ua HeKY nonvnpuxpaaeay MOpaJ1HY cysepenocr, ua y6e!)eHOCT y Il0BeKoBY MoryhHOCT H npaao )l,a paIl,l1OHaJ1HO nponaxne y aenpoHHlJ,lliHBy Ay61IHY >KHBOTa. 113 Tor pa3J10ra ce Ha'IllH onaxan,a, yCPCACPC~Cnor HCKlliY'IHBO na Tajny H crsapan,e xao na npa31I11KC, KaKaB je Oil, nO'ICTKa CBOjCTBCH Ilpanocnasn.y, nOBJ1a'IH npen HMaHCHTHOM JIOrHKOM "rrp06JICMa" KOjH HC H3pa>KaBa nocaarpaise (" coaepuan.e") Hero "oraapan,e" OAPc!)enor cpparMCHTa CTBapHOCTM pana u.erosor nor-rau.anaisa csojoj, JhYACKOj BOlliH, xoja '1eCTO He 3Ha sa son-y Tnopua.

3601' 'rora Ilpasocnaan-e npncryna 6HOCTHIl,H ocrajyhn, AOIICKrre, jour \'BeK na Ao-6HoeTH'1KOM, na Y H3BCCHOM CMMcrry H ua Ao-paIl,HOHaJ1HOM HHsoy, o)l,pwlyhH ce peAYKoBalba crsapan.a )KHBOTa na HM3 ureva H np06J1CMa, 3aTBopcHHX y HCKC paIl,HOHaJ1HC cpopMyJ1e, na 611 ce 3aTHM. cneneha J10rHKY THX cpopMyrra, 3a Ib11X CPOpMYJ1MCarra MOpaJ1HO najrrpaxnar.snauja II najnpn-

" " ..

rrwIHHja peuren,a, Kana KOPUCTMMO u3pa3 nap )KUBOTa . KOJU je KO:! HaC yurao

y ynorpeoy, MH 6HBaMo CBCCHH na raj nap He npnnana HaMa, rj. na MH HC MO>KeMO Aa ra npersopaao y HCK11 KanUTaJ1 KOjU ce nerne MO)Ke YJ10)KUTH, noneJ1MTH HJ1H Y cny-iajy norpefie IIOKJ10HHTH. "np06J1eM" ocraje "npasaruo BJ1aCHHIliTBO" Harner HHTCJ1eKTa, a Tajna je y TOMe urro, nosna-reha CC y ceHKY, OTKpHBa y HaMa 113BOP CBeTJ10CTU xoja Hac jc "03ap11J1a". CMaTpaM na npasoCJ1aBHH noxymaj paapeurasan.a 6HJ10 xor npotineua npeBaCXOAHO Mopa IIOTHIJ,aTH Oil, oopahan,a lIa>KIbC na ry CBeTJ10CT, Oil, norpyzcasau.a Y OHO lIITO HaM je HCBHAlliHBO H HCrrOT'IHIbCHO, a U3 xera H3paCTa name nocrojan,e.

Ilosuatee KaO eisuciiienuujannu UJ60p

Y CBeCTH UPKBC nocrojn jacno paanaxonaa.e AYXOBHor 11 MOpaJ1HOr IIpUcryna, aKO non MOpaJ10M IIOApa3YMCBaMO aYTOHOMHY 06rraCT xoja CC OAHOCH na perynamrjy JhYACKor nonauran-a. HeJ1aTHOCT paayva npurrHKOM crsapa-

185

l84

rr03Halba jecre ll360p rpannue ll3a KOjC ce OKOH'IaBa BnaCT Mora "ja" C n.eroBllM llcrrllTllBalbllMa II rrp06neMllMa, a rro'IlllbC BnaCT Pe-ra nO)Klljc C lhCHOM rajnou II HCII06llTHomhy. l.J.llM rrpcljCMO TY rpamnry, HCKll rrp06nCMll rrOCT~jy na)KHll aa onora, xojn xohe na )KllBll BepOM (B. PllM, 1; 17). Haaxe, sepa JC _ "on cnyuran.a Peuu" , YKOPCIbCHC Y MOj )KllBOT na, npeMa TOMC, II Y )Kll~O~C CBllX ocrannx; caM a rro CC6ll, OHa HOCll 3anaTaK Aa saurraru )KllBOT KOJll Je nor neh 6narocnOBllO na ce aa-nre, pacnsera II YBCHC II na ce rrOHOBO orxpnje y BC'IHOCTll. PC'I "eruxa" y TOM crryxajy Mopa nocrarn CllHOHllM aa 3aWTllTY CTBapalba II a.eroaor PCMCK-AeJIa, a TO jc, npeua pC'IllMa 6J1a)KCHOr Asrycrnna, "cnaua Boxuja, )KllBll 'IOBCK". Tpc6ano 6ll na 0 TOMC rosopaao nc-

npmraje.

lba II yrsphanan,» CTWIKllX HOpMll OA IIO'[eTKa jc npcnonpehena OHllM "WTO je Y lJOBCKY", rj. )KllBOTOM n.erosor cpua, xoju je Y CBOjllM ll3BOPllMa OTKPllBen jCAllHO Eory, ann xojn onpehyje BaC[(CJlO IbcrOBO CYWTaCTBO, nanaaehn ce cnarna npen 11360pOM ll3MCljy J/CUBo(ua II cupiuu, 6J1a~OCqOBa II llpOKJlelTiciiiea (B.S. Mojc. 30; 19), ll360pOM ripen xoja Hac nor CTaBJba Y CBaKOM TpCHyTKy nauter nocrojan.a.

YKOJlllKO OAP)KaBa BC3Y ca AYXOBHllM 3IIa[bCM, CBaKa HaYKa HOCll y ce- 611 TO All~JI,.e[be nna, 60fuC pC'!eHO, '[yljclbe npen TajHOM rnapnor CBCTa, 'IyljClbC KOJC JC Y 1I3BOpllMa CBaKC reuajannocra, HaY<IHC ilnil rrOCTCKC, xao il BOJbY sa oananasan.eu TilM CBCTOM, xoja KOPilCTil pC3YJlTaTe CBOI' nosaaa.a. CBaKO CYIlITilHCKO noaaan,e I1CTIlHe, AOCTilrHYTO Y anrenexryanuoj nenarHOCTll II yvaputheao JbYACKOM penjy, y il3BCCHOj MCpll onpaxcana y CC6il il Pe-r xoja y llOLleiIiKY 6ellle y E02a (JH. 1; 2), il'[OBCK ncroapexeao Te)Kil na Ha~II1~11 raj onpas, raj 06pa3 onora IlITO Geiue y uoueiiuc», npn crsapan.y, a KOJil je 011 OTKPilO, opyhe illlAilBilAyamwI' rocnonapen.a HaA CBI1M IlITO jc crsopeno 11 npenaro na lbcrOBO yrrpaBJbalbe. CBaKa HaYKa, xoja 3aA0611ja Ta'lHO snan.e, rrpc nero IlITO ra msene I1nl1 113pa'IYHa, seh nocenyje OIWTaHC KOHTYpC llnll llIITYI1TllBHO BllljClbC TO!' snan.a, il TO BilljClbC ce onpebyje nallIilM rrpB0611THilM AYXOBHllM 11360pOM. Ilo 11360pa AOna31111 rrpc 6yljclba CBCern, Y Ay611HCKliM nOCTaBKaMa naurer nyxa, rrpeA JII1l\eM Tsopua xoja Ce OTKpliBa y CTBapalbY llJIli ocraje CaKpI1BCH.

Hl1rAC CC CJII1<IHO cyrrporcrann.an,e, CKPilBCHO y <IOBC<IlljCM AYXy 11 Y ~bc.rOBOM nosnaa.y, HC acnon.ana TOJII1KO O'mrJICAHO KOJIllKO y HaYKaMa '111- Jll je rrpCAMCT caM 'lOBCK. Ilpe aaspurasan,a -nma nay-mot nosnaisa 'IOBeK y Ay6llHll nyxa aeb onaonpa l\I1Jb, a AOHCKJIC 'IaK II PC3YJITaT csor ncrpaxnsalba. KaKO ce sputa Taj 11360p? Y npnxnan.an.y PC'Ill xoja JIC)K11 y OCHOBll llnll, 60JbC PC'ICHO, "onsnatsa" y 113BOPY csaxor CTBapaJIaIlITBa, llJIli y CYnapnaurrny ca TOM Pe-tjy? Kao OArOBOp na TO rnrran,e MO)KC na rrOCJIY)Kll HC caao MI1IlIJbClbC 11 HC cavo CTaB xojn 113pa)KaBa raj nay-max. KOJIllKO caM pC3YJITaT a.erosor pana,

Kao IlITO BilAllMO, 'IllTaBa CBCYKyrrHocT rax npofineva, y KOH1\CHTP"caHOM 06nllKY, I1CrrOJbaBa cc y 6110CTI1l\ll. Ilponapan,e 'IOBCKa xa 113BopilMa )KI1BOTa HC 03IIa'IaBa cavo nposreay '!OBCKOBor nonoacaja Y TBapHoM CBCTY 11 Y KOCMOCY (npeua aspaay Maxca Illenepa) nero 11 Moryhy rrpOMCHY cauor n.eroaor cYUITaCTBa. Haune, npofinena KOjl1 ce TW[Y aoopryca, eyranaanje, eyreHI1KC, reIICTCKC MaHl1rrYJIa1\l1jc en, jecy rrp06JICMl1 caxror 'IOBCKa, KOjl1 je Ben 3aA06110 BJlaCT na ax nocrasa 11 na ax peuiana. To cy rrp06JIeMl1 BJIaCTil y MeTacjm3wIKoM llJIll, MOrJIO 611 ce pehn, 6ll6JIlljCKOM CMllCJIY PCLJIl. EllneiUe «ao 6020BII, «o]« uosnai» ootipo U 3J1O (1. Mojc. 3; 5). vI360p OBOI' I1nl1 onor

A60piiiyc U C.!IY'lajHociii uaiuei ''ja''

Ilpllnl1KOM seurra-rxor npexuna TPYAHOhc Y'ICCTByjy !!ajMalbc 'ICTllPli ocofie: nexap (llJII1 MCAil1\l1IICKO OC06JbC), TpYAHa )KCHa, n.en naprnep II caM llJIOA. IlpBliX rpoje cxnanajy CBOjCBPCHY aanepy sa YKna[~albC 'ICT~pTor. Ta sasepa je caMO jenna hennja onor 3JIohYAHor TYMopa KOJll JC CBOJllM MCTaCTa3aMa nponaxao II OKPY)KllO 'Il1TaBO caBpCMCHO APYIlITBO. "TYMOP" non Ha3llBOM "a60pTYC" npepacra Y llACOJIOmjy ('mjll ACO MO)KC na rrOCTaHC II 6110CTllKa), xoja cBYAa nponape 06WIHO Y "AHCPY3HOM" il HC llCYBllIlIC apryMCHTOBanOM 06nllKY. Hsena cppa3conomja CC aprn OKO PC'Ill 0 crr060AHOM H360py MaTcp"HCTBa il 0ACYCTBY llCTilHCKil lIOBc'mjcr )KilBOTa Y npso spewe rrocrre sa-teha. nrn. MeljYTllM, nporpaxt TC nneo.toruje HC\la HIIKaKBor 3Ha'raja; OArrY'Iyjyi1a nocraje n.ena OTpOBHa CPYHK1\Hja, xoja ce cacrojn y pa3- BOAlbaBalhY rrplipoAllor il cnacouocnor ocehan.a rpexa ilnH ocehan.a KpilBilue, xoje ce crrOHTaHO rrojaBJbyje npnnaxo» y6ilcTBa 3a'[CTOr nnona Y CBaKOM cTaAl1jYMY n.erosor passoja. Ta CPYHK1\I1ja paspabyic 11 OAroBapajyhc Bllljeu.e -rosexa, KOjC KP'1I1 nyr xa orrpaBAaBalbY n.erosor y6ilcTBa y rrpmIM AaHl1-

Ma u.erosor rrocT01alba.

OCHOBHa Te3~ 're nnconoraje (aHTll1\pKBeHC no CBOjOj CYIlITllHil) ocnaisa

CC na 0ACC1\aH,C csaxor OHTorrOIlIKor aua-iaja <IOBe'llljer )KllBOTa il na YTBpljilsan.e panaxanne, pa1\llOHaJIHC crrY'IajHoCTli CBaKe 'IoBe'mjc nWIHOCT~.

"3a IlapcpliTa (,[I,ejBll)l, Ilaprpar, aMepWIKil 6110rroI') HC rrOCTOJll OHTO-

\; " nouncn rrO'[CTaK )KI1BOTa HllTli rrpilnilKOM sa-reha, HilTli rrp"nHKOM ponen.a ,

rnnue l1TaJIlljaHcKII renermap, Knaynaja Man-mna. "TaKaB CTaB nenocpen- 110 ilCKJbVl[yje ll3 nrpe KaTOnl1'IKY aprYMCHTal\iljy, xoja ce caAP)K1I Y rrOJMY lloiUeH1Ll;jaJlHOC1UlI. Hneja rrOCTerrCHOCTll Y Mopamroj rrpOl\eHll ariopryca nosesana je Y Ilapcpl1TOBOM pacyljllBalbY ca cna6JbClheM nojna 'ja' xoje aa n.era naje 113ABOjCHO II KOIlKpeTlIO l1oCTojalbe (sapressjaacxo 'ja') Hero ce no-

187

186

6 - II

IIjJO.!lUlfIiOCiii II U II auannoctu sna

"AKo HCMa bora, CBC je A03BOJhCHO" KO CC IIC ceha OBe cpOpMyJIC xojy ic llCKOBao iJ:OCTOjCBCKH H xoja 11 Y I10BHM OKOJIHOCTHMa CBaKH nyr MO}KC na ~106llje HOBH ornceo? JIorHKa OBC ¢OpMyJJC je T\OIlCKJIC rpy6a H ~~meHa I111~ janca: OHa nponcrn'ie H3 npCTIIOCTaBKC na OAMax asa rpatnma 6JlaI onara n,o 'lHihy HC3aMl1CJll1Ba BJIaCT caMOBOJhC 11 an. MCl)yTI1M, Ha~ Be.K J~ xinoro IIy r~ noxasao na lIaM je an 6JII1}K11 aero JIlTO MHCJII1MO: nO'rpcOI:o JC cano na ,II orr) CTllMO cc611 na paT\HKaJIHO I1CKJI,ycJl1110 nocrojan-e bO.}KI1JC 11 CBO. OH JC B~h OBAC, Y 6aXalIaITHjH y6llcraBa I1JII1 jCAliocTaEIIO Y IIaIlIO] CBaKOI\HeBI1I\~, ~ACJ3- xra, pa30HOJ\a1Ia. TIoKYIlrajMO. Mcl)Y'rHM, na TY CPOPMYJIy npocI,HT,aMO J ~laUICM KOHTCKCTY: aKO IIC nocrojn crnapan.e II aKO CMO CBH M,11 AOCIICHI1 Y CBCT na OCHOBY cIHcrc CJ1Y'JajHoCTI1, 3aIlITO jc OHT\a AonYlliTCHO UaBHI1M MIIC~CM ~ saKOHOM) na cc oCH06al)aMO OA TpH. 'ICTl1pn, ner I1JIH mCCT HCACJba crapnx CM~ a nOK HaM Ibl1XOBO vnnurrcn,c Y 'ICTBpTOM, nCTOM, lliCCTOM HJIH cen-

apHOH ,Po J . ') 3

\1OM MCCCIJ,y YIIYTaPYTp06l!()[' pasnoja HH1!aHO HC AOHHKYJC, aurro cc YMll-

pyhHMa !IC MO}KC noaoha T\a 6C36oJIHO YMPY, YTO~I1~O npe ~IITO, HM }KH~O~ \'3POKyjC MY'IClbC a APyrllMa 6C3pa3J1())KHC pacxone? 3auITo ce IIC MO}KC ]e~ , ~ocTaBlIo "OIIJICBllTH" 6ecKopHcIIO CTaHOBIIHIIITBO naiue nnauere YOI1IIITC Ko~e HaJII norncn na CBCT, rrpOHCTH'lyhl1113 nooyna "KOPI1CI'H" I1Jm "IIaYKC" , y6paJ~ V 6CCKOPHCHH KOpOB? Haura ncropaja jc, BI1T\CJla l\!IIora "CTHH'IKa lIl1llI~Clba ~HHX cnojesa CTaHOBHHIllTBa 3CMJhC KOJII cy rrponalliCHlI 3a pacuo. K.l~CIIO HHH anejno IlITCTHe aa o6HTaBalbC na n.oj, Mel)rrm!, lIaw.c \!o,~a:III.o ocehan.e, 6YAyhH Aa IIlljc Y MoryhHocrH na osne npexopa'tn 6apll]epy CBe]C A03BOn.eno" jour YEeK TO TYMa'IlI xao l)aBOJICKO ACJIO.

A03BOJhCIIO je, aJIlI T\O KOjC rpamnie? Y6Hjalbc Ae~e ce CByl13 cxarpa sa

jenan OT\ Hajnrycnl1jllx 3HotIllHa. Mel)yI'I1M, JIlIKBHAaI\H]a eM6pnona rrpllrr~~a cano HcrrpHjaTHllM H He CyBHlIlC jaBHHM AeTaJhHMa aamer na-rana }KllBO J a. MO}KAa 3aTO lIITO TCHO AeTcTa BI1T\l1m, a cM6pHOH .HC BHAHm? MCI)Y~HM, caBpcMcna TCXIIHKa onoryhyje na cc TCHCCIlIl pa3BO] IIJIOT\a BHT\H nch ! rrpBllM HCACJhaMa a.eronor rroCTojalba. ll,I1BIlJIH30BaHo APymT~o, xao mTO _Jc H~~ll~, ocnan.a ce na KOMrrpoMHc, a na TO 1111 casio IIC rrpHMchYJC: JICraJIH3y]yhH C1,HH'IKO -murhen-e" CBOjllX HajMJIal)llX rpal)aHa, OHO CC c.a r~ymalbcM ~A~,pat~a OA Tor I1CTOI' rrOCTYlIKa y OAIIOCY na OHC Kojll CY.CTaPHJH, 3a cana HHJe. lIP,-

heno" na ce npexnne 6PCMCHHTOCT )KCHH KOJa sa MeeeIJ, nana rperia I\a ~e

xna 6 . 6 )raJL tIlI]C

noponu, xao nrro naje npnxnahcno HH Aa ce Y ujy CTapaI\ I1JIH ( .

JIC'lClbC II 113AP}KaBalhC cano rrp0}KT\HpC T\PYllITBCHa CpCACTBa. l1AcolIorHp cy36Hjalba }KHBOTa y6pH3raBa CC y .1110epaJIl10 APYlliTBO Y M~JI~,M 1~03aM~ KO~ je CC npl1JICITJhyjy 3a n.crone OClIOBIIC BPCT\lIOCTH xao !IlTO cy npano na 113

nynapa c H,erOBIlM AejcTBHMa1. 113 TC aprynerrraunje xoja onpn-re eYIIITHHeKO 'ja' (xoje aYTOp Meura ca KapTe3l1jaHcKHM 'ja', CBeCHHM cefie ), rj. cpaKTlI'IKH ra CBOAH na YMIIC oneparmje rora 'ja', rrpOIlCTl1'IC rpHJIOcocpCKa JIHuenna na MaCOBIIO YHHUlTCH,e JhYACKC MaTcplljc, xoja CC jann.a rroCJIC 3a'ICha. TaK03BalIa 'nOTCHI\HjaJIHOCT' (TCpMHII KOjl1 IIHje CaCBI1M ra-ran, 6Yllyhll na Y eerie HC YK.TbytIyjC 'npenonpehcn.e', noaoxeno Y TY nOTCIlI\l1jy) 3aMCu.yje ce nocrerrenourhy, ca KOjOM tlOBCK paCTC H rpopMHpa CC xao JIWlHOCT:

OH HHjC HHlIlTa APYI'O AO rrpOH3BOA CBOjc ynyrpaunse CBOJlyI\HjC." "3a'ICTH ITJIDI\", HaCTaBJha aYTOp, "jour YBeK nnjc 'ja' H HC MO}KC ce paasrarparn y TOM CBOjCTBY. On nocraje 'ja' rrpen xpaj 6peMCIUfTOCTH (rpymrohe). JJ:eTC xoje je 3a'ICTO T\aIIaC HHKaKO nnje onaj, KOjH 6H Morao 6HTH aaner Kp03 MCCCIJ, nana, H 3601' rora HI1KO oil Hac He MO}KC J(a cvarpa a60pTYC IIHTH YKJlalbaH,cM rrpaBOI' 'ja', IIHTI1 'ja' y qCJIHHI1, .. Teurxoha npnxaaran,a aoopryca cpasxrepna je renrxohn npnxnaran.a CJIYtJajHor xapaxrepa naurer nocrojan.a, anconyrnoj CJIY'lajHocTH nanrer 'ja' "4.

HCraTI1BHa "BPCAHOCT" onor onpeben,a cacrojn ce Y TOMe !lITO OlIO naje cpHJIOCOcjJCKO 06pa3JIO}KCH,e OHTOJIOlIlKOM Hl1llITaBHJIY tIOBCKa. AKO CMO 3aHCTa "3a6atJCHH" Y CIIJICT CJIY'lajHocTH, xoje nO'IHlbY OA Aalla naiuer 3a'ICha H aaapurasajy CC csrphy, tlOBCKOBO 6llhc ry611 CBOj OCJIOHal~ Y OHOM HCTllHCKH tIOBetIlIjeM llITO, npcxta naCKaJIOBI1M pC'II1Ma, "6eCKOHatIH0 npcsaaana- 311 tlOBeKa ". <l>HJIOcorpHja cny-tajnocrn HJIlI ancypna, xoja ce IIa pa3HHM HHROI1Ma nepaonn-mo 06HaBJha Y enporrcxoj MHCJIH, CJIY}K11 xao caojeapcna HACOJIOrH3aIJ,Hja OHC BOJhe aa CMphy xojy HOCHMO H IIpHKpllBaMO Y Cc6ll jOII1 on apevena rpexonana. CBOM TOM Bcp6aJIHOM 'II1IIKOM Mll cauo 06JIatIlIMO npa- 3HHHY Y KOjOj CC racn H ry6H I'JIaC OHa rajna IIITO Hac J(03I1Ba. McI)YTllM, rperia caxro na ce oxpeneno ka lbOj, Aa yl)CMO Y fhCHY T\y6HHY, Y rsen cMHcao, Y n.eny CBCTJIOCT, H OHa he rrpOHHKHYTH RaCIJ,CJIO nanre nocrojan.e na 3CMJhH, 01.1 npsc )f(HBC hennje AO IIOCJICAlbCr oTKYIJ,aja cpua,

Haua je OTKpHBCHa rajua }KllBOTa 11 MH jc npaaavo xao "BCCT", OHY BeCT xoja na nClIojMJhI1B H Hcno6HTaH HatIlIH 1I0CI1 y ce6ll rryHOTY npacycrna bO}KHjer. OHa He CTOjH acnpen nac Y CBOjCTBY HCKC PCJIHrH03HC aneje aero Y CBOjCTBY }KI1BC npWIaCHOCflI TIPOMHCJIY II npuxnaraa.a TIpoMHCJIa xao JIWlIIOCTH Koja ocraje ca HaMa 11, BHAJhI1BO I1JIH HCBHAJhHBO, AeJIH CBaKH TpeHYTaK Hamer }KHBoTa.

" Claudia Mancino. Sperimentazione sugli ernbrioni e aborto. lin punto di vista delle ~. r-o in: C Viafara (a cura di). Centri di bioetica in ltalia. Orientamnetni a confronto. Padova. 1 'N~ c. 2-2-273.

" IICTll.

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189

60p" I1JII1 "ocnoriahan.e )l(CHa". Mci)YTI1M, Y CJIY'Iajy OAJIY'IHor IIPCOllClbI1Balba BPCAHOCTI1, H3a3BaHor CKOHOMCKOM I1JII1 CKOJIOlllKOM KPI130M, 0AMax ce npourapyjy rpannue "AOJIWIHOCTII" II "6aHaJIHOCT 3JIa", KaKO ce 113pa311JIa Xana ApCHT, YBCK MO)l(C na I1CIIJIIiBa ua IIOBPIllI1HY. HCKYCTBO ABa onpaaceaa I1l.\cOJIOWKa pC)I(I1Ma, KOjl1 cy CC Y 20. llCKY nojauuna y Esponu ca CllOjOM opajeuraunjou na I1I1COJIOlllKY CCJICKql1jy, Y CYlIITI1HI1 jc cauo pa30TKpl1JIO OHO ycnepen.e aaure rrOACBCCTIi xoje rro HaBl1qlI AP)l(I1MO na Y31111.

DI10eTI1Ka ce xao HaYKa rtojasana Y 3arraAHOM CBCTY 11 Y 113BccHoj Mepl1 je artcoprioaana n-erona jypann-rxa, MOpaJIHa 11 couajanna YCMcpclba. OHa jc OPIIjenracaaa na onaj CBCT Y KOjCM '1YAOBI1IllTa, l1aKO HC canase ca TCJICBlI311jCKlIX espana, He urerajy OTBopeHO no YJIl1qaMa 11 He nofiehyjy 'ICCTO ua 11360p11Ma. I1paBIiJIa, Mci)YTHM, YBCK Mory na ce npoueae II JII16CpaJIHa KYJITypa, onrajena na xYMaHI1CTI1'1Koj JIOrl1qlI xoja nocrasrsa jacay rpanauy 1I3Mci)y A03BOJbCnor (y6IICTBO cM6pl10Ha) 11 HCA03BOJbCHOr (y6I1cTBO neh y06JIWICHOr ACTe1'3), HC oceha YBeK KOJII1KO xpxxa MO)l(C na 6Yl1c ra rpamnia, HI1TI1 na A03BOJbeHO YBCK Te)l(l1 na je npexopa-ra 11 na AaJICKO paumpn CBOjC Mei)e.

Taxo 6e3a3JIeHa CPI1JIOcocpcKa aneja CJIY'lajHoCTI1, rrOBC3aHa ca CBaKlIM nocrojarsev, JIaKO MO)l(C na rrOCJIY)!(J1 xao CBOjCBPCHI1 rrOA3CMHI1 TOK lllTO ce npooaja I1crrOA rpaHl1l1C xojy nanac -rysajy 3aKOH 11 APYlIITBCHI1 MOpaJI, a 3aTI1M na yhe y "KPAO camsa", naopyxano rCHCTCKOM MaHl1rrYJIalll1joM. 360r rora nanac aneja "HCCJIy'rajHOCTI1", rj. rrpOMI1CJIa DO)!(J1jcr 0 CBaKOM 'IOBeKY nOCTaje jCAI1Ha MOpaJIHa 11 I1HTCJICKTyaJIHa CI1JIa cnocoona na 3aIIITI1Tlf )l(I1BOT OA "xrexor" TOTaJIlfTapI13Ma, KOjl1 ce 6eIllYMHo 11 nY3chl1113BJIa'llf 113 xoxe JI116epaJIHOr APYIIITBa. OCHOBHO rpefia na nocrane Ha'leJIO, npesra KojeM ce BJIaCT HaA )!(J1BOTOM 11 cMphy jemror JbYACKor 611ha HI1KaAa He CMe HaJIa311TI1 y BJIaCTI1 npyror, na 'IaK HI1 y cnysajy Aa ce TO 611hc cacrojn 01.1 cairo jenae hennje.

"Maiiiepuuciiieo II Ilyxa Ceeiiioia

Ynaurrasaa,e TC hennje I1JII1 onor crsopen.a DO)l(l1jer xoje Kp03 HCKOJIIiKO nenen.a 113paCTa 1I3 lbe npexana rrpB06I1THY, rrpOMI1CJIIITeJbCKY BC3Y MajKC xao "carpynnaue" DO)!(J1jC C Hierosou Jby6aBJbY, xoja YJIa31I y lby sajenno ca onnohen.ea. )KcHa y TOM CJIY'Iajy nocraje caMpTHII'IKII onap sa corrCTBCHO ACTC II HOCIiJIaq CMpTIi. Ta CMpT HC MO)l(C npohn 6C3 rrOCJICAI1u;a rro lbCH CPII- 3WIKI1 11 I1YXOBHlf opranaaax, xao II rro tIHTaB lbCH AaJbI1 )l(IIBOT. 3a pa3JII1Ky OA JICKapa, )lpYIIITBa II oua lbeHor rrJIOAa, )l(eHa CBI1M CBOjl1M 611hcM 3Ha Aa TO CTBopeIbC xoje HaMepaBa na )!(l!BII y aoj, 6e3 063lIpa na TO KOJIIiKO je MaJII1 npocrop rile ce OHO CMCCTIIJIO, HOCI1 Y CC61I BaCU;CJIO 'IYAO )!(J1BOTa y csoj lbcroBOj caxeroj rrYHOTIi 11 TajHII. Hax 11 Kana jc PC'I 0 jCAHOj I1JIIi HCKOJII1KO hennja, y lbliMa CC Canp)l(lI qCJIOKyrraH rCHCTCKI1 KOA 6YAyhcr tIOBCKa, lbcrOB rrOJI, MCH-

-:-J..1IITeT II xapaxrep KOjl1 TCK Tpc6a Aa ce paaanje, OHa cJI060Aa KOjOM he KP-

-gml CBOj nyr Kp03 )l(IIBOT, xao 11 HlI3 rrOKOJIClba Kojl1Ma OH, ca cnoje crpane,

:-ve6a na nonapn )l(IIBOT. Ta henaja je seh JIWIJIOCT, aKO }c 06CJIC~CHa oopa,,,>.{ DO)!(l!jI1M II rrp113BaHa y nocrojan-e Jby6aBJby DO)!(J1]OM KO]a ]C 3HaJIa na ·-l.1K 11 )!CeibY MY)I(eBibeB)' (JH. 1; 13) yKJbytll1 Y rajuy craapan-a.

MIl HC crsapaao )l(l1B01': OH ce cauo npenaje Kp03 Hac xao nacnebe DO)l(l1je, xoje je rrOJIO)l(eHO y CCMC 11 Y jajny hexnjy 11 npOJIa311 Kp03 IIOHOBO \"o6JIWICHII rCHCTCKIi KO)l. H3BOP )l(IIBOTa Hl1jC y llaMa nero y Otll1HCTBY 11 ~laTcpIIHCTBY Ouora, Kojera I1IICMO Ha311Ba HaltaJlHUKOM ~CllBOlua (D,c~a 3I1. 3; 15). PacKl1A ca lhlIM (OHO, urro ce na 60rOCJIOBCKOM ]C311Ky I1MeHy]C xao rpex) pa30TKpHBa CBOj xpaja.n CMl1CaO xao cay-reuihe y pacrrchy. Y BC311 C y6lIjalbcM ACU;C, y EBaHi)CJbY llaJIa3HMO ABa MOACJIa nonaiuan,a: "CTl1KY" Hpona, KOjl1 jc nOCJIaO CBOjC BOjlll1KC Y BIITJICjCM Aa rrOKO~y CBY ACU;y 01.1 ABC rOLl,IIHc 11 MJIai)y, 11 OHY HOpMy ripen xojy Hac nocrasrsajy PC'1l1 XPI1CTOBC: 3auaua BaM «axes: tau) )'tlllHUciUe jegHoMe og OBe Moje HajMafbe 6pahe, MeHII y<tUHUClue (MT. 25; 40). 360r rora CBaKO BcnrTa'IKO npcKI1AaIbC 6pCMCHI1TOCTI1 (TPYLl,HOhc) HOCI1 y cc611 MOMCHaT 60roy6l1CTBa, 11 y TOMC ce canp-

)1(11 HajAy6JblI II HajApaMaTwIHl1jlI CMlIcao aoopryca. .

Ha rrpBIiM crpanauaxa D1I6JIlIjc, crnapan.e CC, xao AC]CTBOBaIbc Ilyxa H Pesra bO)l(lIje, ynonorin.yje saxehv 11 pOi)Clby. I1pclI13 MlIlllJbClbY erserera. Ilyx DO)l(lIjlI, Y3Hocchli ce nan BOAOM, I1Ma 06JIliK IITl1l1C soja pallll1pCllliX xpana KPY)l(II HaLl, rrTlIhlIMa. OH tIlIHII Ll,a tIOBCK 11 MaTcplija 6yLl,y crrocofina aa rrpHMalbC PC'I1i bO)l(lIjc lI)l,a CC nojase Kp03 Hiy. 'Tlpeva TOMC, y. C1'3POM 3aBCTY llyx bO)l(lIjlI AcjCTByjC y rrp~u;ccy crnapan-a na JIar~n _u Ta)anCTBeH Ha'IHH, npcKplIBajyhH II O)l(IIBOTBOpy]yhH rrpB06lITHC BOAC CBO]OM.MaTcpIIHCKOM CI1JIOM, YKOpClbyjyhlI Y Ihl1X CCMCHa )!(l!B01'3. I1PIIJIIiKOM nO]aBC 'IOBCxa, Ilyx y n.era IlOHOBO YJIIiBa )l(IIBOTHY CIIJIY, y06JIWlyjC Y lbCMY 06pa3 DO-

O '" )l(lIjH II n03lIBa ra na CIiHOBCKY nOCJIYlllHOCT ny: .

Ilpena CBCTOO1'3'lKOM TYMaQClbY na KOjC CC rr0311Ba 11 DOP~C DO~PIIHCKII, PC'I11 "Y3HOCehl1 CC nan BOLl,OM" y O)l,HOCY na Ilyxa 03Ha'laBa]~ )l,.a]c OH "sarpenao" 11 O)l(HBOTBOpaBao BOLl,eHY npnpony CJIWIHO rr.THlIH KO]a JC 113JICrna jaja 11 OHI1Ma, nrro HX aarpena, rrpCHOCI1 HCKY O)l(HBJbYJyhy CI1JIy ... Ilyx CC Y3HOCII0, rj. npanpeaao jc BOACHY npnpony aa pahaae )l(I1BHX rsapa (CB. Ba-

CIIJIHjC BCJII1KI1) 6

OHO urro je PC'ICHO 0 crsapaa-y CBeTa, MO)l(C CC npenera II na crsapa-

lbC '10BCKa. AKO Eor CBC AP)l(H CIIJlO,\t petlll Ceo]e (JCBp. 1; 3 - Y cpncxov rrpcBoAY: ,\tOhHOM peltj)' CBOjO.lt), KOJIIIKO ce OIlAa jacno II pasrosemo y CJIY-

5 Boris Bobrinskoy. Le Mystere de la Trinite. Cours de theologie orthodoxe. Paris. IlJ86. c. 34. " VlCTO.

190

xy name nepe rrpojaBJbyjc ra CIIJla pe-m y CTBapatbY 'IOHeKa! AKo Ilv» CBe itponuue (1. Kop. 2; 1 (] - y cpncxojr npcnony: /l,yx CHe lICllllluyje), MO~C JIll OH,f1a OCTaIlC rro crpann npllJIlIKOM crnapan,a onora KOjll he rrOCTaTlI HseroBO 06IITaBaJIIIllITC II lIlTO je neh cana, nyro npc csor pohen.a, seh nOCTaJIO Hserono "rHC3,f10", !'lIC je OE, xao llTIIIW, "H3JIeraO" rrrnhe?

"CBeTII Hyx je" , Ka)KC npen0,f106HH MaKclIM Hcnosenaax, "npncyran Y CBlIM JI,YAlIMa 6e3 H3Y3cTKa xao 'IyBap CBlIX crnapn 1I O)KlIBOTBOpIITCJb npaPOAHHX 3a'lc~aKa, ann jc On OC0611TO npncyran y CBlIMa OHlIMa xoja lIMajy 3aKOII, YKa3YJyhll na npecrynan.e 3arrOBCCTlI H CBCIIO'lChH 0 JIIIKY XPHCTO-

H7 •

BOM ....

1K1IBOT xao CTBapaH,C "xoje npononena CJlaBY DO)KHjy" H OTKpHBa JIHK XPHCTOB CBYTla rile nocrojn Hserona pe-r H npncycrso Ilyxa - TaKBO Mopa 6HTH I1CTl1nCKO BH~ClhC npaBOCJIaBJba, xoje 113paCTa 113 6116JII1jCKI1X, a aaTI1M 11113 CBe1'OO1'a'lKI1X xopena. 36m rora rrpaBOCJIaBHa eTI1Ka )KI1BOTa KOja I1Ma caoje I1MrrCpaTI1Be 11 O'II1rJICTlHOCTH, csoje HOpMa1'l1Be H satipane, 113- pacra rrpeuacxornro 113 raxsor RI1~etba crnapau,a 'IOBeKa xoje nnjenan npyru ~IC:BeK neva npano na npecc-re. "He ynprnn.yj MJIaTlCHll,a Y YTp06H H He y61IJaJ ra ~aKoH ?O~elba", Ka)Ke ce y Y'lefbY !J6aHaeCluoplille Auociuona, jenno« 0,f1 H~J~TaPI1JHX xpHllIhanCKHX crrOMeHHKaR• Taj 3aXTeR nocraje Heno6HTaH, onaajajyhn xpl111IhanCKY aajcnnnuy OTI naraucxc. TIIMe ce MO)Ke o6jacHHTH crporocr cneror BaCHJIHja BCJII1KOr (330379), KOjH Y qYBCHOM rrHCMV AMQll1JIOXHjy xaxce: "lKeHH, xoja CRCCIIO rr01Il1HlI II06a1laj, ttpencrojn na ~PHMH IICTY Ka3HY xao 1I aa y6l1c1'no. Milne rrpaBI1MO pa3JII1KY y TOMe na JIH CC nJIOA nch Y06JIWIHO HJIH naje. Ha raj lla1Il1H, 113RpllIaBa ce cyn He cano HaA join I1epO~CHI1M CTBOpelhCM nero 11 Hall caMOM )J(CHOM xoja TlH)Ke pyxy aa ce6e, 6Y)l,~hH )J,a Y BchRHR CJ1Y'lajeBa one, xoje 'HIllC TaKBe CTBapH., nnahajy aa TO CBOJH.M ~HBOTOM. 36m rora ce y611jalhY nnona npHIIPY)J(yje H npyro y6HCTBO, KOJC cy navepuo rrO'IHHHJIH. (lHH, lIITO pane TaKBC CTBapH.. 11 nopen rora, HC 6H Tpe6aJIO na y noxajaa.y 3601' H,era npoBeAY 'IHTaB )KHBOT 110 caue CMpTH nero ce noxajan.e orpaun-rana na necer ronnna. 11Cll,eJIeILe cc ne MCpH. speaenoa Hero cnojcraon (Tly6HHOM) noxajan.a "".

Ono TlpeBHO npasano jom ynex je na CHa3H y Il paBOCJIaBHoj UPKBH, IIaKO ce aeh OTlaBHO y Il,PKBCHOM )KllBOTY nporrllCHBalhe ncccroronaunser rrOKJjalb~ H.e npHMelbyje ca TOJIHKOM crporourhy. YTOJIl1.KO npe IIITO 6H ;.j(CIIJ, KOJa Je 'leCTO )KpTBa OKOJIHOCTll II pofian.a OHHX npenpacvna xoje ce

.)Oll'IHO HMCllyjy xao "OI1CYCTBO npenpacyna", rperiano na cmrury Ka3HY HOMHIIaJIHO rrOTleJIH. ca 'IHTaRHM IIPYlIITBOM, 6Y1IyhH na 0110 1I3,f1aje I1HAYJIr enunjy sa 'leI10MOpCTBO. OHa HHcpopMal~llja, xoja nac nanac noncsyje y ftAHHCTBell <IOBe'mjH opraunsan, '!HIIH Hac y pa3JIWIHToj MCpH npa-racnn\Ia CBeMY llITO ce y TOM OprJHH:3MY Ilora~a. CaMIIM '['11M II MI1, Y C130jCTBY -i.ranona IIPYllITBa CJIll'IHOf orpoxnroj cpa6pH.ll,1I sa ncrpefin.cn,e ucpoheHUX JLYTlCKllX 6H.ha, HOCHMO CBOj neo OI~rOB()pHOCTH sa n.cra H HeOrrXO,f1HO HaM je rtoxajan,e.

A60PTYC nanac IIC 3aY3HMa HCTaKHYTO MCCTO y I1pYUlTBeHllM pacnpanaMa H CBe ce xran,c H.CTWle y CBOjCTBY "rrp06JICMa" HJIH. H3a30Ba CaBtCTH. 3001' 'rora ce noxpehe npyra sanarax: HaY'IIIO "acxopamhasan,e" TKH.Ba aOopTHpaHH.X eM6plloHa, KOjH ~IOry na rrOCJIY)Ke aa ornene H. npnnpesry CKynOll,eHI1X MeTlHIIHHCKI1X npenapara (KOjl1 ce, oner, Mory H.CKOPH.CTHTll KOIl .te-rcrsa nexnx 06JIHKa paxa ). 3a xplIIIIhaHcKY CBeCT, H360p onne He MO)J(e .ia nocrojn. HH'Il1.jH )J(IlBOT IIC MO)J(C na I10CTaHe ~y6PH.BO sa npyror! Y TOM c.ryuajy, MC~yTHM, nojasn.yje ce KPllMllIIaJIIIH rrp06JICM rpronanc CM6pHO-

HaJIIIIlM TKH.nOM, a n.era IIHKaKO HC Mory na peure 3aKOII KOjH. lie l\eJIYJe 11 HeMohHa lW)Kana. Y canaunsoj KpH.31I nyuie H. exononaje CJIll'II1a rprosana

nocraje Haj)J(aJIOCHHja 11 aajrparnuaaja crpatntua y IICTOPHjll one MpaqllC PYCH.je xoja, pacnponasuns uaqrry, myMc H I1CIIOBCKO opncn.c, IJplIXBaTa rajH)' 'rpronmty corrCTBeHHM TeJlOM. Ha UllOM MeCT), MO)J(eMO casro Tla I10HOBHMO MOJIH.TBY YlCyCOBy npen Pacnchc: Owe. ofipOClUli lUI. jt'[l ue 3HlljY UUUG 'IlLHe (JIK. 23: 34).

HC311alhe 0 TOMe, Me~YTH.M, HHjC KapaKTepllCTWIHO jCAIIHO aa cane Henocpcmrc Y1leCHI1KC one HPOTlOBCKC rpronnne (IIaKO TO IhHXOBO nesnan.e HH.Kalla IIC MO)J(C na 6YllC nornyuo, 6YAYh.H. na Pe-r bO)J(llja CBCTlO'Il1. 0 Ce611 Y CBaKOM uonexy); rora qeCTO HHCY sa rtpasn Ha'IH.H csecnu HII MHOrH. XPHinhanu, aa xoje ocraje Hel10BOJbHO oTKpHBeH H. nenornyno paasajea nojau 0 CaKpaJIHOCTH 3a'ICTe rrJ10TH. H. JI,YAcKor TCJla yonurre. Crsapan,e csaxor '10- sexa je rajna, H cay-recrnoaan.e Y TOj TajHH MO)J(e rrOCTaTH cnaCOHOCHO sa )J(eHY, jep cc ciiacae« paiyan.e» ceue, aKO ociiiane y eepu u ,'1:>)'6a611 II y ceeiuufbU ea 1leClullluollihy (1. THM. 2; 15). MOJIoxy KojH. npoxotape neuy H. KOjH. je csoja npellcTaBHHIIITBa OTBOPHO no lIl1TaBOM CBeTY (a y PYCHjH CC, l1a CTBapH Ha30BCMO tbHXOBIIM npasm« H.MCIIOM, occha OC0611TO CJI(60)lHO), xpmuhaaCKa CBeCT MO)Ke na ce cynpo'rcrann HC cano y06WIajCIIHM JI0311HKaMa Hero 11 lIeJIaTHOM BCPOM y "MaTCpH.HCTBO" Ilyxa Cserora, rj. y nornpny CBeTOCTH. )J(HBOTa H Y nOIIITonaILC 'IOBc'IHjcr 6Hha xao HKOHC )J(H.BOr nora. MO)J(l1a he TO BH.~eILC 'IOBeKa xao HKOIIC OCTaTII jeTlHHO cpeACTBO sa crraCCILC IIPYWTBa xoje je anejy crnapan.a Y nOTIIYHOCTH YKJIOllIIJIO II3 CBOI' cehau.a.

, UIIT. no: B. H. Jlocsu, Orncn MIICl'l1'lKor Gorocnoun.a Hero-me UpKBC. Mocxaa : 'I'll. c. 13-1.

, .AHT0J10rHja "PaHoxplllllhaHcKII 01(11 IIpxnc". EpIICC,l. 197X. c. 17.

I.Iur. 110: La teolcgia el padri. Citra Nuova, Rorna. 197-1. rov 3. c. 3f17.

191

193

192

DOl U sasehe: iipeu cycpeiii

_ Ty HKOHY npO~IaJIa3HMO ach na lIpBHM crpanauana bH6JIHjC (Xajge qa ClU80PllMO 'L08eKa 1/0 C80M 06pa3y 11 1I0g06ujy - 1. Mojc. 1; 26). OHa jc npaKpHBeHO IIpHCYTHa l1 otma, KaJ\ ce Eor o6paha 'IOBeKY: seh ce H caM a MoryhHOCT T~KBor orturreisa 3acIIHBa na nOJ~06Hjy H3Me~y TBOpCBHlIe H Ilpaofipaaa. HaJ3aJ~ caM 'IOBeK, YCJICl\ 6oronol\06Hja KOjC My je naponauo, OTKpHBa bora y can OM CBOM nO'IeTKY, y OIIOj Pe'lH )l(HBOTa xoja ra "ofipasyje". TIo~eg ,TOra, OH MO)Ke na cnyura ry Pen H na crynn y gHjaJIOr ca }hOM. 11 npe CBOI pohen,a, 'IOBC'IlljC 6Hne cycpehe n.yrian xoje CC pa30TKpHBa y 'Il1Hy CTBapan-a H caaa n.crona Bepa, H3MC~y OC1'aJl0r, nnje nCHXOJIOIIIKO nero OHTO-

JIOmKO "y 6 n ,h .

, TpO 110 CCnaIbC na Tal 'IHH. HaHMe, nepa je H BaCIIOCTaBJhalhe

Ha~lIer npa -cehan.a I1~ cycpeT ca Eorca y rpeuyrxy ofipasosaa.a Hamer "ja", KOJe y TOM rpenyrxy jour YBeK nnje nocenosano HHKaKBO BHgJl>HBO cehan.e.

Iep ClI TlI CWBOPUO yuyiupauueociu uojy, Ilpuxeaiuuo Me og yiiipotie suuuepe uoje.

Hciioeeaahy U CJla611lUU Te, Jep Cll Me upexpacuo yClUpOjUO;

wyocena cy oena Teo]a, u gYlila uoja 3Ha (IUO) 6eOMa.

He catcpu ce KOC1U uo]« oa Te6e, xojy CLI CiU60pUO Y iUajaf{c!U.6Y,

Kag caM 6uo casoau y gy6llHaMa yiupotie; Hey06.1u1leH eaueiuatc MOj euaetue ouu T60je,

u y KfblJ2Y T60jy 3a~uca~u cy C6U aanu KOjU cy MU oopeheuu, «aa HllJegH02 oo teux JOUl uuje tiuno.

tn« 138; 13-18)

Ma KaKO na TY.Ma'IHMo osaj IlCaJIaM, iseroa nenocpennn CMHcao je OTxposen,e Jl>y6aBH KOJY 'JOBeK rrpHxBaTa H npenosaaje. Y oTKpOBeH>Y re Jl>y6a~~ ,~loBeK npOHaJIa3~ cavora c.e6e, OHO csoje "ja" xoje nocrojn npe csaxor

]3" ,OHO rrpB06HTHO jesrpo CBOJ~ JIH'II10CTH xoje cc cycpehe y "J\y6HHaMa YTPO- 6e mTO r~ HOCH, norncn bO)l(H]H, rajny rrpOMHCJIa, BCCT 0 6morrpHCYTHOCTH. TIp~xB~~a],r:H CBe TO H cehajyhn ce KOCTHMa, yTpo60M H 3aMeTKOM, rj. CBHM CBO]HM ja ,lOIlI YBeK Hepa3,fleJI,CIIHM I1a CPH3WIKO H I1CHXWIKO, 'IOBCK nocraje CBCCTaH cancra .cc6c - ~c pa~H~IIaJIHO nero Cr3HCTcHI~lIjaJJJlo - xao CTBOpeH>a IIJIH cm.ra Eoxajer. HII]e CJIY'JajHO UITO ce y cBeTOOTa'JKoj rpanaunja 'raj nca.lIaM najuenrhe TyMa'lH xao npopOllITBO 0 XpHCTY, ClIIlY bO)!(IIjeM, jep je HseroBII~~, npHcycTBOM.H CBCTJIOllIhy 06CJIC)I(CIIO CBaKO xoae-mje 6l1he.

TI pCKpac~o je 3HaH>e 0 Te61I, xoje rrpOHaJIa311M y cc611" , ronopn y KOsrerrrapy na OBa] nCaJIaM C.B .. BaCHJIl1je BeJII1KI1. Me~yTIIM, npcxpacno je 11 OlIO orxposeu,e 0 lJOBe'IH]O] JII1'IHOCTII, xoje lIaM ce naje y "nnjanory" ca

Ouev He6ecKIIM. lll1'IHOCT je OHO, llITO je Eor Jby6110 11 npe H>eHOr crsapaiba. UITO je npassao H3 I1c6lI'fIIja 11 noasao no IIMCHy. CBaKa JIWIHOCT y ce6H HOCI1I1 30B II BeCT. Taj 30B crsapau-a, Ty BCCT xoja 113JIa31I 113 yCTa bO)l(l1jl1X, \!O)I(e ce npO'II1TaTII y "'IOBeKOBOM yCTpOjCTBY", KaKO je CB. I'paropnje 1I3 Hnce naasao CBOjy KH>lIry, y CTpyKTypH naurax henaja. "Caspevena renernxa", Ka)l(e jenan oA ocnasa-ra OBe I1aYKe, )KCpoM Jlexen, "MO)l(C CC CBCCTH aa jenno eJICMeHTapHo 'sjepyjy'. xoje ce cacrojn y CJIeJ\cheM: y rrO'JeTKY fiewe seer, II 'ra BCCT 6cwc 0 )l(I1BOTY. 11 'ra BeCT jecre )l(llBOT."

Beer ce MO)l(e 'lyTI1 II rrpO'lHTaTI1 na pa3JIWIHTe HalJHHe: na 6HOJIOIllKOM, qlHJIOCOCPCKOM llJIH 60rOCJIOBCKOM jC3HKY, H CBaKH nyr he I1MaTll jenan I1CTH csracao. Ha 6HOJIOIIIKOM je31IKY, OHa he HaM pa3rOBCTHO rOBopHTH 0 TOMe Ja CJIHBaThe nne hennje, MYUIKe II »cencxe, He crsapa MCXaHll'lKH cnoj Hero .ia IICTOr naca crnapa HOBll opranasasr ca lherOBIIM conCTBCHHM rrporpaMOM, KOjH ce pasnaja npeva CBOjHM corrCTBCHIlM 3aKOlIIIMa H KojeM je Maj'IIIHcKa YTp06a norpeona xao xpamrren.cxa cpennna, aJIH xoje nanenno BIIUlC He 3aBHCH on n,e, 6YAyhil na y ce611 1I0CH Hc06yxnaTHY 3aJIlIXY "'IOBC'II1jllX HH¢OpMaU:Hja" xoja CC "y TajHocTII crnapa" y CBojCTBY KOCTHjy, yHyTpaIIIH>IIX oprana, M03ra, nyure ca CBOM IheHOM CJI(60)"(OM ll, najaan, y csojcrsv npmmCJIa 0 MHomTBY 6YAyhlIx rrOKOJIClba xoja Tpe6a na rrpOHCTeKHY 1I3 jenne je,flI1HC OrrJIO~eIIe hennje.

HI1KO ce, HapaBHO, He ccha ce6c y MajtrMIiOj YTpo6n. LIcmcKY jc, MCljy-

TIIM, AaTO nocefino cehan.e H nanazcen.e cc6e y Jl>y6aBH Eoxcajoj II y 6JIaronapen.y xao onronopy na ry Jl>y6aB, xoja Hac je 113BeJIa 113 nenocrojan-a. Y TOM 6JIarOAapHOM cehan.y - xoje nncxonn ,flO concrsenor c-rsapau.a II on a.era ce Y3HOCH sa Eory, y lJl1joj ce pe'Ill uanasa II BJIaCT nan HaUlIIM noCMpTHI1M rrocTojaTheM, canpacana je nama YMeTHocT 6JIaroAapelba, a mTO '1HHIl jenan OA TeMeJba Harne nepe.

"lJOBeK je 'IOBeK jour OA TpeHYTKa aaxeha" , HHCHCTHpa Jlexeu 11 MHOWTBO caspevenax renermapa. Ha CPHJIOCOCPCKOM je3HKY MO)l(eMO na rOBOPHMO 0 "Ca)l(eTOM ja" xoje jour HHje 3aA06HJIO CBeCT, HHTH je CTBOPI1JIO CBOj CBeT H nojaosna anapar KOjlI sarsapa "ja" y cauora ce6e H caMHM TI1M ra-YCJIeA rrpsopojmor rpexa - orpahyje on bora. Yrtpaso 36m rora jc "caxero ja" ornopeuaje aa Jl>y6aB bO)l(Hjy 6YAyhl1 na je Heorpa~eHO npen fhOM, 36m -rera ona ,fleJIyjc BIIAJI>IIBl1je II ocerunje. 11 Atll CAW iiosnanu 11 uoeepoeaau Jby6a6 Koj}' 502 liMa ilpe.4ta uaua (1. 1H. 4; 16), H aKO je TaKBa nama sepa, KaKO je onna Moryhe ,fla y CBaKOM '1II1Iy sa-reha He BllAHMO TajHY crnapan.a MHKPOKOCMoca HI1 H3 xera 11 Jl>y6aBH? lJOBCKY nnje ,flOrrYUITeHO Aa napyma ry Be3Y, CTBopeHY jennou sa cnarna. HIITII na OHO IIITO jc Bor npmaao y )1(11- BOT BpaTH y He6l1Tuje. Haaue, Hc6HTHja BIlIlIe HeMal1 OHO, WTO je aa-rero,

194

195

ocrahe )KI1BO, npenonpebeno sa )KI1BOT - OBTlaIUlbI1 11 )KI1ROT "6Yrlyfier BCKa" . seem YJIa3I1 y 'raj CIIJIeT henaja xoje je neh eacuenu <IOBCK, TlYIIla 11 TCJIO, 11 rpann, cjennn.yje 11 CJIY)KI1 Y fbeMY xao "YMeTHI1l\a", I13aCJIaHI1l\a Jby6aBll [0- cnona.e, eecenehu ce fUl3eMafbCKOM tuapy Ibeioeou (Ilpnxe COJI. 8: 31).

Y npyron MeCCI(Y HaKOH saueha, 3aMeTaK seh sanorinja upre 'IOBCKa Y MIIHl1jaTypl1: y neroj IICrleJbll rpynnohe TlIIMeH311je IIJIOAa napacrajy TlO 8 M~ II I13AY)Kyjy cc u.erose PYKC 11 nore. MlIllHIftHO 1'KI1RO ce arynm.asa y HCKY BpC1'y xocrypa. Ilojasn.yjy ce O'IlI, yurn n YC1'a, rj. JIlII\e I1a KOMe ce IIOHCKaTl MO)Ke 3ana3I1TI1 HelIlTO CJIlI'lHO OCMCXY.

. Y TO speve 3aMCTaK seh rlOCTI1~e no 30 MM Y AY)KlIIlY, II noccoan ype~aJ MO)Ke na perncrpyje npse orxynaje IberOBor cpua.

Y rpehesr Mcccqy, uerenue 3a1'WleMO y n.erosoj npaponnoj CPCTlIIHII: nnononoj nona, OHO ce TaMO HaJIa3I1 cKYIIJbeHIIX py'mI\a II HO)KIIl\a. Ilpexia pe'lIlMa jennor I1CTpa)KIIBa'IaliJ, OHO cana JIlI'IlI na xocsronayra xoja npexra Y CBOM MC~y3Be3r1aHOM TlOMy. Ha O'IllMa ce rrojaBJbyjy xarnm xojn ce sarnapajy pa):lI1 saurrare O<IHllX jaoyunua, na 6ll ce rrOHOBO O1'BOPI1JIll y mCC1'OM MCCCl\Y· Me~YTllM, OHll cy rana TaKO npoaapnn na CC IIe ~1Ory aancrn. l..JOBC<Il1- je nnne ce pasanraje aeh y OCMOj nenen.a 0):1 nana saueha.

Ynpano ce rpehn MeCel\ rpynnohe, xana nnon ):I06llja JII1l\e, cxrarpa "najnoronnnjau' sa lberoBO ynnnrrcn.e. A60PTYCll CC naj-reurhe apure Y TOM nepIWP,y, IfJIIJ je oap TaKO y PYClljIJ.

Y unauaccroj CCrlMHl\H ce saaputasa ¢opMHpafbe CBllX opraua. ITJIOrl je seh o~aBI:O no-reo na ce KPCftC, aJIH cy lberOBH noxperu TOJIHKO JIaraHH ria HX MajKa JOili lie npavchyje.

OHa no-nm,e Aa HX pa3JIIIKyje TeK y nC1'OM MeCel\Y, xana ce KOA I~CTCTa can CMCH,yjc C nepaonnaa 6YrlHOC1'H. Ilojann.yjc ce HMYHO-Cl!CTeM, xojn ra lIl1'HTH OTI HCKHX HH¢eKI\I1ja. )J,I1MeH3I1je rrJIOAa AOCTH)KY OnrpIlJIIIKC 25 ueuTIIMe1'apa.

Y llIeC1'OM MeCel\Y, nerenne nocraje crroc06Ho Aa npeacma H assan Marepnne, pasyae ce, ya MaKCIIMaJIHY noaoh xojy MO)Ke Tla My YKa)Ke caBpCMCna Me):lIll\I1Ha. Hserosa Te)KIIHa AOC1'II)Ke 500 rpava.

Y cerlMOM Mcceqy., nerenue je cnoc06Ho na npe)KHBH -rax II Y cnyuajy npenpcuenor pohen.a, jep n.erosa nnyha Mory na arrcop6yjy KIICCOllllK II ria ra npenoce y KpB.

Y OCMOM Me~cl\Y ce pnrav passoja IIJIOTla ycrropasa, a ¢OpMl!paHII opraHI1 TlOC1'II)KY CBOJY 3PCJIOC1'. Hseros HepBHII CIIC1'CM je aeh cIIoc06aH na KO- 0pUlIImpa CBe 1'eJIeCHe noxpere. Te)KIIHa nerera ce xpehe OKO 2,5 xr II ono IIO'lI!lbC ria cc npnnpeva sa CBOj TlOJIa3aK aa CBeT.

Christopher Vaughan: Come comincia la vita. Q>l1peHI1J. IYYk. c. ny.

Ilo xpaja neneror Meceua, YIIYTapYTp06HH paasoj ce sanpurana H 11cTe, xoie uajnpe "casna" aa TO, cavo onariapa TpeIIYTaK cnor AOJIaCKa na CBCT.

. Kao HeUITO jel\I1HCTIlCIIO. xao nyuia 11 TeJIO, xao xapaxrcp 11 HaCJ1CrI~OCT. <IOBCK ce paha 113 jeTlI1HCTBCHor "nporpasra" KOjl1 cc ofipasyje cjcna~efuCM 23 MywKa XpoM03oMa ca 23 )KCIICKa XPOM030Ma II y ce611 HOCH HCIIOOlOBJbIIBY "necr" JIWIHOCTII.

"Kao UITO cc y OHOMC. mTO cc IlOJIa)Ke paAII sa-reha 'rena. rrpe 06pa30- 3afua (yotinwtaaan.a) TeJIa He MO)KC BHl\eTII pa3BIIjeHocT TeJIeCIIHX nenona vnona), TaKO ce y fbeMY IIC ~lOry IIOjMIITII IIII OC06IITOCTI1 nyme, AOK n.caa \;oryftHOCT (IIOTelII(lIja) IIC IIpC~C Y nejcrnenocr (eueprnjy)" .11

£01 U cupiii: iiocneqteu cycpeiii

Y Kl-bliZY Teojy saiiucanu cy call oauu, «o]u cy Mil oopehenu (Ilc. 138; 16)

0][0, mTO ce OAJIOCli na 3a'ICftC, C HCTHM npanon ce MO)Ke OAHOCIITII II aa OKOH<lalbC )KIIIlOTa. E;Yrlyftl1 ria jc )KIIBOT ocseurran H Jby6JbCH OTl Dora, Hserona Jby6aB HH najuan,e HC r)'6H CBOjy eneprnjy npHJIHKOM n.ercsor OKOH-ran.a. Ilopcn 'rora, uaute "sanpunro BPCMC" je najnaxorajn TpcIIyTaK na naillCM nyry, 'mjlI je CKprrBelI.l1 I1JlII pa30TKplIBeHII CMlIcao nacrasax onor najaelora ca Eorosi KOjH aano-mu.c nplIllHKOM 3U'lcila H 'rpaje TllKOM 'IInaBClr naurer 3CMaJbCKOr BpeMCHa. Y~!HpalbC, HCUpIIJbHBalbe name CHlIC H caare - TO je <leCTO jcnnaa MoryftlIOCT na IICKa)KCMO 0][0 uajsaxoraje, IIITO HIICMO ~IOrJIH Tla HCKa)KCMO <IHTaBor )KIIBOTa. II ria AOIIYCTIIMO Dory Tla no xpaja ncnpu-ra OHO, lUTO je OH IIplIIIpCMIIO sa caM xpaj pasrosopa. TpeHY1'aK ¢H- 3l1'lKC II nCnXl1'IKe I13IlCMOl'JIOCTI1 xao Aa ca uauie nyure CKIIl\a IlCKe lIOKPClllC I!JII1 KpaCTC II orsapa CJIyx naiuer cpua sa OlIO oripahan,e KOjC HHCMO 3HaJIH ;ra cacnyutauo TOKOM )KIIBOTa. "TCJIO YCHH Y CMpTH, a nyura cc 6YAH II ceha ce CBOjHX C][OBa y OBOM cnery, CTHAH HX ce H upneua. 0):1 H3HeHaA~or aanpenamhen.a 06y3IIMa je yzcac, norpeca ce H rlPXTH KaA ce IIOKa)KC TaJIIO; OHa CC ynonotin.yje 'IOBeKY IIp06y~C][OM 1I3 CHa ... "12 Me~YTHM, sap 6Y~etbe He no:lHlbC join OBAC, na 3eMJbn? I1JII1, 60Jbc pe-rcno, raj )KHB01' KOjlI croja npen naxra xao na seh nponape Y Hac, TlOTll'lyftI1 CBOjHM KPHJIOM H onaj, UITO caua OAJIa31I. 3601' rora je ITpaBOCJIallJhY CBOjCTBCH rroce6an OrlHOC rrpeMa CMpTII:

OlIO jc nocxia'rpa xao HajBa)KHHjH H K.ThY'IHII TpeHYTaK l\CJlOKYIllIor aauter 3eMaJbCKOr nocrojan.a. Csmpen,c II 6narOrlapHOCT, C KojlIMa 'IOBCK MO)KC ria

II Cociiiu TPll20plije 113 IIIICe. 0 CTBapaJ-bY 'IOBCKa (0 'IOBCKOBOM yCTpOjCTBY). Y 'j60pHI1KY Tact/age. I{O je uoee«, H31I. "06pa3 CBCTalJKH". Eeorpan. 2()113. CTp. 04.

" CBeTII JCcpPC~1 CHpUjCKl1. Caopaua ne.ra. TOM 4. CTp. 3SY-3n11. MOCKB<.l 19'14.

196

197

rrpHXBaTH CBOjy CMPT, seh cy onaj 3HaK nosepen.a y bora, C KojHM he H3ahH rrpeA cY/1 Hierose Jby6aBH. Y nojaosnva rrpaBOCJIaBHe norioaorocrn, CMpT y CHY HnH HCYBl1llIe 6p3a CMpT HHKa/1a ce He cnarpajy CpchHHM YAenOM. HaHMe, ra KpaTKOBpeMeHOCT xpajte OA 'IOBcKa, a MO)K/1a H OA bora, rajny JbHXOsor ?OCn~AJber cycpera aa 3CMJbH. CMHcao TC rajne je 063HaJbHBaJbe Jby6aBH bO)KHje xao rrO~neAJber oopahan.a. To 063HaJbHBaJbe sa cBaKY YMHpyhy AYlllY 3By'm aa CBOj Ha'lHH. Ibera 06H1IHO npare TpH CBeTe Tajne, noseaane c YMHpaJbCM, a xoje HY)KHO Mopa rrpeAYXHTpHTH xpnrren,e na caMpTHOM OAPy:. HcrrOBeCT, nocnenn,e MHpOlIOMa3albe H npa-reurhe. Y CBe 're TpH CBCTe :ajHe nanasa ce ooehaa,e onpourraja, C KOjHM 'IoBe1IHja nyuia cryna ua npar

)KHBOTa 6YAyhera nexa".

CMPT, Mel)yTHM, naje cano xpaj nanrer )KHBOTa. CMPT je neo naurer CBa~OAH~BHor nocrojan.a H, xao neonxonnocr H "cehan.e na CMpT", nepasABOjHBa je OA )KHBOTa sepe. CBaKa npasocnasua Jlrrryprnja TpH nyra nonasn-a npo36y aa nacnocnaa,e "xpamhancxor xpaja )KHBOTa, 6e360nHor, Henocrannor H MHpHor". MonHTBa 0 "HerrocTHAHOM" oxon-raisy - oAny'lHnH CMO ce na onne rroHY/.lHMO csoje TYMa'Ielhe - 03Ha'IaBa nposoy 0 TOMe, na rrpHnHKOM cycpera ca boroM, KOjH Me oxexyje, CTHA He rroxpnje uoje nuue (B. Ilc. 43; 16), H na cas CBOj CTH/.IH CBY HarOCT Mora rpexa jour y OBOM )KHBOTy rrpHHeCCM na CYA [0CI10AY H onepeu noxajan.ev. "MHpaH" xpaj He nonpaayveaa YBCK ocaooabaa.e 0/1 CPH3WIKHX crpanan.a, nero 03Ha'IaBa rrOMHpen,e C XPHCTOM Y caMOM crpanan.y. Kao llITO je pexao Don Knonen HAyhH rparon CBeTOOTa'IKe MHcnH: "XPHCTOC naje AOIlJao 3aTO na 6H Hac ocriofioAHO CTpa_AaIba Hero 3aTO na 6HHX (crpanan,a) ucnynno C060M". Onaj, KOjH xopaxa upeg .IllmeM TocfiogHJw,{ (Ilc, 114; 9) He~la npaso na ce yrJ,aJbyje ca Tor nyra xana OH rrponasa Kp03 CMPT, jep HCTHHCKO npe)KHBJbaBaIbe CMpTH YBeK y cefin canpxa MOMeHaT 6oroorrlllTeIba. Ila na HMaMO npano /.la, /.10K CMO )KHBH, He BCpyjCMO CBOM TOM 6eCKOHa'IHOM Hmy CBe/.lO'ICJba, xoja y TOM

. ?11 A

rrorne~y nocroje?- KO ce cna-rau 3aXTCB O/1HOCH na uenoxynno 3eMaJbCKO

nocrojan.e xpaurhanana, KaKO ce OH/.Ia MO)KeMO O/.lBpaTHTH 0/1 n.era y apXOBHOM, KPCHOM, TajaHCTBeHo "eBxapHcTlljcKoM" MOMeHTY aamer )KIIBoTa?

]1 A03BOJlHhy cefin na HaBeAeM cavo jeAHO OA IbHX, YTOJlHKO Ba)!(HHje sa Hac WTO ronopn 0 CMpTH ~eBepyjyhe )!(eHC. Mnrponomrr cypourxn AHTOHlljC npunoscna 0 MJlaAOM 'lOBeKY KOJH Je npOBOAIlO noh MOJlehll ce xpaj noc rcn.e YMHpyhe: "Illra ce norahano ca TOM )!(eHOM /10K je crynana y CBeT KOJH [C OApHI\a.1a, xojn HIlK3Aa HHje oceruna? OHa jc rrpnnanana 3eMlbH - KaKO je onna MOfJIa /la crynn y He6ecKO~ Eno WTa je OH npexcaaeo. eBO WTa je YO'1Il0, ycnocranuenm Be3Y ca TOM CTapHl\OM nocpeACTBOM cacrpanan.a. naxo je 6110 BeOMa 36YlbeH. Y nO'leTKY je YMllpyha cnoxojno nexcana. 3aTIIM My je 113 lbeHHX pe-ru. YCKJlHKa II 1I0KpeTa nOCTaJlO jacno na OHa HeWTO BHAH. CYAehH no lbeHHM peumra, BHAeJla je uexa Mpa~Ha 6Hha. OKO lbeHe nocren,e OKYllHJle cy CC CIIJle 3J1a; BpBeJlH cy OKO

}\.aKO 'IOBeK MO)KC na ce orpana OA OHC CBCTJIOCTH, xoja MO)Ke na ce H3nHje H JJ ra npennasa y IlOCneAJbCM TpeHyTKY )KHBOTa?

CaMHM THM, npasocnasaa CBeCT rOTOBO Aa yormrre HC MO)KC HH /.Ia [[0- crana nrrraise 0 naxoj seurra-ncoj CMpTH - eYTaHa3HjH. Y3MHMO xpajn.n cny-iaj, xana je YMHpyhc 'reno nsryriarro CBe IIlTO My je npnnanano y OB03CMaJbCKOM )KHBOTY H l.IHHlWO ra )KllBHM: CBCCT, MoryfiHocr na ce xpehe, )W rOBO;'11. na, MaKap H nornenov, onrosapa na naran,a. Ilpen HaM a xao na ce nan a- 311 rpyn crpanajyher -rose-mjer' rena, jep ce crpanarn MO)Ke H 6e3 csecrn, J.11I He H 6C3 nyuic. Ilyura ocraje, nposcasrsaaajyha IIOCJICAIbH 'lac y CBOj CBOjOj nYHoTH, 'lac KOjH je BHlllC OTKPHBCH Eory Hero JbYAHMa. CMpTHH'IaC je Y He'IeMY cnWIaH "npBOM 'lacy )KHBOTa '': nyma mnne HeMa 3alllTHTY, xao urro je nnje HMana HH y rpenyrxy crsapaaa H YHYTapYTp06Hor pasaoja, H Eor Cn060/1HO MO)Ke na yhe y IbY, He aaanaseha na 6e36pojHe npenpexe, nonnrnyre TOKOM )KllBOTa, Kao lllTO CMO seh pexna, Ilpaaocnasna UpKBa npenaje YMHpyheM reny CBeTC Tajne, He ancucrapajyha na y IbllMa Y'IeCTByje CBeCT, rj, naure onpacno, asrpabeno, ynaputheao "ja". OHa (UpKBa) xao Aa ce oopaha OHOM npB0611THOM "ja", o-nnuhenov (llnll AOK ce 'IHCTll) crpanalheM, jep jc CBCTa Tajna aesa ca "HeBIIAJbIlBIIM" (yrrop. Jenp. 11; 1), H oxpenyra je xa HamCM HeBIIAJbIlBOM 611hy. HaHMe, "HeBIIAJbIlBO" ce paha jour osne, y nauroj 3CMaJbCKoj nyunr. MH, MCl)YTIIM, AO nocnenn.er TpCHYTKa He 3HaMO HllmTa 0 n.erosoj CYA6HHH. 0 TOM 'reny 3HaMO na je nyura jour Y JbeMY, na n.eros AYX join naje OKOH'IaO CBOj nyr H 3601' rora OH HMa npaao, AY)KHOC'T H )KYAIhY Aa ce y nocnena.oj TajHH cjeAHIIH ca I'ocnonou. Tocnon je csarna BOJbaH na np06YAH TO reno II na ra BpaTH y )KHBOT, jcp CBC AO nocnenIher rpenyrxa spara aa 'IYAO ucueneisa HC 6H rpeoano Aa 6YAY 3aTBOpCHa.

OBAe ce ue rosopa 0 HCKJbY'IHBO 60rocnoBcKoM npacryny Hero 0 peaJIHOM HCKYCTBY, nOTBpl)eHOM MHOlllTBOM OTKpOBeIba CBeTHX II 06WIHlIX JbYAll. Ilocroje reunjanna onaca CMpTll KOA JIaBa Toncroja, xoja je suao na y neue~IY OArOHeTHe nocnemse llCKYCTBO osapen,a, HeO'leKIIBaHor npocsern.eua Y rpaHll'lHllM TPCHY~lIMa )KlIBOTa, na y06nll'l1l OHO UITO HeMa ofinaxa II UITO ce Ha311Ba "finaronahy", a lllTO ce noxasyje xao 6CCKOHa'lHO Ba)KHllje OA 'IllTasor nperxonnor )KlIBOTa. Be'IHocT YJIa311 y OHY nyxornny xojy je Ha'lllHllna nlpT, npll6nll)KaBajyhll ce II pyurehn onaj oxnon Y xojen nporaxe Hallie CBa-

Ibe. rnpnehn na HM OHa npunana. OHH cy Haj6J1H)!(H 3eMlbll, jep cy TO nana crnopen,a. )!(eHa ce 3aTHM 1l3HeHaAa OKpeHYJlU II pcxna AU BHAII CBeTJlOCT, AU cy rava. xoja jy je nparacxana ca CBHX crpana II OHa 3J1a 6llha. xoja cY je OnKOJlHJla. nocreneno noxenn na ce ncanaxe, H na je yrneaana CBeTJla 6Hha. Ooparuna lIM ce C MOJl60M aa nOMIIJlOBalbe. Pexna je: 'Ja HHcaM nauia, aJlII ClIaCIITe Me!' Y6p30 HUKOH rora, »ccua je AOAaJla: 'Ja BHi\IIM CBeTJlOCT" C THM pe'lHMa: 'Ja BHAHM CBeTJlOCT' - )!(eHa je YMpJla." (MlllUpoiiOJlllllt cvpouucu Auiiiouuie: )!(IlBOT, 60JleCT. CMpT. Mocxna. 1995, c. RIl-!\1).