Totals Golden Rules

The Golden Rules and Laggan Tormore

Project
Laggan Tormore Project has many sites and many operations
ongoing everyday. We need to be ensure we are all aware of the
Golden Rules and follow them at all times. This presentation
covers the following: The 12 rules
The basics to follow to be in compliance with each rule
Some questions to ask yourself to check you know the rule
More detailed information can be found about each rule on the Corporate
SHE & I website at :http://securite.corp.local/publish/templates/index.asp?rub_ident=622
By clicking on each icon you will be taken to the rule and many tools to
help learn about the rule

What is a high-risk situation?

Downgraded situations, complex operations and operations
performed infrequently temporarily increase risk.
Start-ups, commissioning and shutdowns
Any transition phases in a continuous and stable process

Any critical operation carried out infrequently

Any long and complex operation requiring particular knowledge and
management of several interfaces
Any temporary operation using temporary equipment
Any temporary operation with provisionally disabled, automated safety
system(s)
Any operation involving equipment that is found to be faulty

Do you know of any more?

And in your unit (1/2)

What are the high-risk situations you see most often on your site?

What are the main reasons for this, based on your own analysis?
What are the downgraded situations you see most often on your site?
Have you witnessed (an) accident(s) on your site resulting from a
situation where the risk was not properly assessed?
What should have been done to avoid this/these accident(s)?
What do you generally consider to be a downgraded situation?

Do you feel that your operating procedures are:

definitely useful in your daily work
useful documents for providing newcomers with good training
obsolete documents of little use

And in your unit (2/2)

What needs to be improved?

What do you suggest?
In your opinion, which practices are good practices?

Golden Rule No. 2:

Traffic
Machinery/Vehicles
/Cyclists/Pedestrians

- References, date, location

Road traffic: cars & trucks

Preparing for a journey
Make sure the journey is necessary.
Determine the most suitable means of transport.
Identify the itinerary: required distance and time.

Take the necessary precautions as regards hazardous conditions

during the journey (roads in poor condition, flooding, risk of
interference with site operations, weather on the day, etc.).
Choose the right vehicle for the journey.
Check that the drivers license is suitable for the vehicle.

Identify places for rest stops if traveling long distances.

What about you? In your work or for your own travel, how do
you prepare for your journeys?
9

- References, date, location

Golden Rule No. 3:

Body Mechanics and Tools

Workplace ergonomics:
Seven action points
Access and traffic:

give operators safe access to, and ease of movement in and around their workplaces,
while minimizing the effort this requires.

Communications:

ensure efficient coordination of the tasks so that work proceeds smoothly.

Time constraints:

anticipate the risk of accidents, stress and musculoskeletal disorders.

Physical and chemical effects:

Reduce discomfort at the workplace to render it compatible with operators health,

while enabling them to work without constraints.

Information:

clearly present the visual and oral information needed for the work to be performed
efficiently and safely.

Handling and physical effort:

limit manual handling and physical exertion to avoid accidents and prevent
musculoskeletal disorders.

Sizing and body mechanics:

Design the workplaces such that personnel can work in suitable postures that are
comfortable and non-dangerous to health.
For further information please visit www.inrs.fr

Click here to
watch the film

Golden rule No. 4:

Protective Equipment

Protective Equipment
Protective equipment is divided into two main categories:
Collective protective equipment (CPE)
Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Protection is provided when the risks have been analyzed and it proves
impossible to eliminate the risk at its source.
Protective equipment is put in place to protect personnel from risks that might
endanger their health or physical integrity.

Risk assessment

Risk elimination

Collective protection

Personal protection

Personal protective equipment

Personal protective equipment is intended for use only when all other
measures for eliminating or reducing risks prove insufficient or
impossible to implement.
To make PPE easier to wear and accept, the characteristics of the user
and his/her workplace must be factored in.
The personal protective equipment used must protect the whole body
(including the head and limbs).
PPE must be worn without fail in the context of professional activity,
and only in that context
The choice of PPE is always the result of the best possible compromise
between the highest attainable level of safety and the need to work in
conditions of maximum comfort without being hampered.
In an industrial context, danger is often omnipresent due to co-activities,
the presence of hazardous products (owing to their composition,
pressure or temperature) and the equipment used.
This is why PPE is usually mandatory and required to be worn from the
moment of entry into the units.

Golden rule No. 5:

Work permits

Work permits
What is it used for?
To ensure that the operators involved are aware of the information contained in the
document, by having them sign it
To specify the validity period of the authorization

To proceed to acceptance on completion of the work and handover.

This list sums up why the work permit is so important in order for work
in our units to proceed safely. The work permit document is not only
necessary and useful it is mandatory.

What are the categories of documents authorizing work?

The work permit
Additional permit(s); the work permit stipulates when and why these are required

What types of additional permit are you aware of or have

you seen before on your site?

Work permits
In short: each permit is intended to assure:
The safety of the operators involved
The safety of personnel nearby
The safety of the installation
And to avoid...

Accidental generation of pollution

Work permits
What, in your view and on your unit(s), are the stumbling blocks to
correct completion of the work permits?

What action would you recommend to improve the work permit process,
its efficiency and the way it is complied with?

Ask yourself these questions from the standpoint of a contractor

worker if you yourself are an operator worker, and vice versa.

Golden rule No. 6:

Lifting

Accident risks
The load comes unhooked
A sling or shackle breaks
The load overturns
Someones hand or arm is trapped

A piece of a multi-part load falls

The slinger or an operator falls from height
The slinger or another worker is crushed in the lifting area
The load strikes a piece of equipment / a structure

The lifting machinery overturns

A component of the lifting machinery falls

Lifting area

Compliant sling

Factor in plant in the

vicinity and weather
conditions

Compulsory temporary
barriers suited to the
environment

Tag line to
guide the load
Slinger*

The signaler* equipped

with a whistle
High-visibility jacket

Outrigger pads
Nobody under
the load

Crane operator*

Portable gas monitor in

ATEX areas

Safety
Inspection sticker
25

- References, date, location

*Qualified and competent personnel

Golden rule No. 7:

Work on powered systems

Why do we work on systems with power or

products circulating in them?
1/2
Below is a list of possible causes of accidents that can have
extremely serious consequences. Try and imagine one or more
situations that illustrate each of the causes mentioned.
Handover process unsuitable or not respected
Procedures obsolete, non-existent, incomplete or incorrect.
Wiring diagrams incompletely or un- known
Poor change management:
insufficient information
documents not kept up to date

Persons performing the work not fully trained on the system:

inadequately detailed operational knowledge of:
the mechanisms and how the equipment works
the safety devices actually in place on the equipment

Lack of organization:
nobody present on the location and possibly the site has the requisite competencies.
poor management of priorities
/accomplishment of the task).

(fast

completion

taking

priority

over

safe

completion

What are the different types of energy?

Thermal energy
Heat:
Many sources of heat are used in our activities:
steam
flames
hot products
process equipment (compressor discharge, heat exchangers, reactors and so on.)
etc.

Cold:
Freeze burns are every bit as dangerous as burns caused by heat. The chief
sources of cold are:
liquefied gases (nitrogen, propylene, etc.)
refrigeration units
expansion of pressurized gas.

The preliminary risk assessment:

some strong recommendations
It is vital to ensure that the hazard identification and risk evaluation cover all
eventualities.
Bear in mind that the accumulation or combination of different kinds of danger
can exacerbate the effects and increase the risk.
Do not underestimate the risks (slow rotation, steam at low pressure,
temperatures that can result in burns after several seconds of contact).
Do not overlook potential energy (risk of falling objects, elastic energy stored in
loaded springs or gases).
Anticipate failure of supposedly reliable barriers (ineffective seal; corrosion,
erosion, etc.).
Understand the operating logic of automated systems.

Do not forget to consider the electricity stored in capacitors / batteries, and in

overhead or underground cables.
Consider the risks that may be generated by operations going on near the
equipment (see REX from April 2011 on the next page).

Golden rule No. 8:

Confined spaces

Confined spaces
A confined space is a hollow volume, completely or partially enclosed
(a place, structure, piece of equipment or machinery) and usually not
designed to be permanently manned. In some cases, a building can also
be considered a confined space.

However, it may be necessary to move through such spaces or work

inside them for maintenance or cleaning operations, occasionally or
regularly.
The defining characteristic of a confined space is the particularly
limited natural exchange between the air inside and outside it, which
can lead to risks of suffocation, poisoning, fire and explosion.

Because of these risks, serious or fatal accidents sometimes occur

when work takes place in confined spaces.

The risks of carrying out work in confined spaces

There are three types of risk associated with working in confined
spaces:
1. Asphyxia (suffocation), anoxia, hypoxia

2. Poisoning
3. Explosion and fire

To sum up
Jib crane or
equivalent

Winch with fallarrest system

Means of
ventilation

Protective
barrier

Physical or
visual
contact

Harness to hold
the wearer in
position for the
work and to
protect against
falls
Self-rescue
respirator

Atmosphere-testing
device

Golden rule No. 9:

Excavation works

Excavation works
The many risks we regularly face in our activities include those related
to excavation works.
Its wrong to think that only people working on construction or laying
pipelines encounter these risks. In fact, excavation often takes place on
our sites, e.g. in the following instances:
Lower levels of construction (of a building for example)
Installation of equipment (such as a pit for a buried tank)
A buried or semi-buried structure:
settling pit
storm water or wastewater basin

Laying an underground pipe or electrical cable

Work on a buried pipe or cable.

Excavation works
Which operators encounter the risks directly?
Personnel who work at the bottom of excavations are potentially the
most exposed:
Welders / pipefitters
Radiography operators
Electricians
Inspection technicians
Civil engineering technicians
Site supervisors
Drivers of motorized machinery

However, if a trench or excavation is not properly marked, anyone could

be involved in an accident. And lastly, in the most serious accidents,
the people who are killed or injured are those who happen to be in the
immediate environment.

Golden rule No. 10:

Work at height

Risks and consequences

The two risks involved in working at height are:
The operator falling
Tools or equipment falling

The consequences closely depend on the work height and environment.

Fall of personnel
It is impossible to define from what height the consequences of a fall would be
serious.
There are too many variables to take into account, such as:

The nature of the ground

The density of occupation of the area
The size and weight of the person
The type of landing
Etc.

Working at height involves many risks, but can

be performed safely by respecting the basic
guidelines.

Golden rule No. 11:

Change management

Change management
In our disciplines, change management concerns changes:

To equipment
To processes
To safety systems or devices
To planned operating conditions or work methods
To the safety parameters
To procedures
To the materials or substances used
In personnel (competencies, number, etc.)
In organization
Of supplier, raw materials and/or equipment
In the nature of the materials
etc.

Change is a source of danger and many accidents originate from

changes that are inadequately studied, incorrectly effected, improperly
signaled or poorly communicated.
So... why then do we make changes?

Change management
All changes, regardless of their intended advantages, must conform to
the same rigorous change management process. In principle and prior
to any analysis, every change, even one assumed to be minor, must
effectively be considered a source of risk.

Once the simple risk assessment has been done and validated by the
appropriate line management we can select the change management
process in accordance with the nature of the risks flagged up in the
assessment.
Always be careful not to underestimate the potential impact a change
might have on the safety of personnel or on the integrity of
installations.
Make sure the necessary mitigation measures identified by the risk
assessment are properly applied.

Change management
Golden rule no. 11 states a number of essential points that must be
complied with before a change can be made.
Imagine a hypothetical flowchart, made up of the puzzle pieces below,
showing the sequence of key stages of a modification process
from identification of the change
to its implementation and follow-up.
Preliminary
risk
assessment

Uncertainty

Low risk

Identification of the
change

Identification of the
mitigation
measures, if
necessary

or major risk
Review with
management

Approval /
authorization
Suitable risk
assessment

Implementing the
change

Training

Updating the
documentation
Information
communication

Follow-up of the
change

Are the four key points of the Golden rule included in this chart?

Golden rule No. 12:

Simultaneous operations
or co-activities

This presentation resumes in

part the document that won
an award at the 2011 World
Day for Safety at work,
written by:
Nicole Mast
Toby Stevens
Nate Williams
Crystal Bryson

Simultaneous operations Definition

Simultaneous Operations (SIMOPS) or co-activities are situations where
two or more jobs are being performed simultaneously in the same work
area.
Several Golden rules may apply at the same time (e.g. lifting, work at
height) when SIMOPS are performed. Workers tend to focus only on the
risks directly involved in the individual operations, without paying
enough attention to how these might interact. Yet it is precisely these
interactions that need to be taken into consideration.

Many accidents are caused by unforeseen events or failure to anticipate

risks.
When preparing works, it is vital to situate the operation in the overall
picture and not address each activity by itself. This is the only way to be
sure that all risks the workers are exposed to have been taken into
consideration.

Example of SIMOPs
Numerous machines and vehicles using the site traffic routes.
Two people (or four, or eight) working in a laboratory.
Equipment maintenance work in a production unit.
Loading / unloading of several trucks at the same loading / unloading
bay.
Several teams from different professions operating in the same area at
the same time.
A cleaning team or a group of visitors moving through an area while a
routine activity is in progress.
A habitual task becomes a simultaneous operation when combined with
other people or tasks.
Can you think of any more examples?

Inspections

Coordination /
Communication

HAZOP/ Risk
assessment

PLANNING
Supervision

Documentation

Definition of
roles

What to do now
This has been an overview of each rule. Every month Laggan
Tormore is focusing on one rule. Please visit the Corporate HSE
website and follow up the rule of the month shown on the HJSE
plan posters and: Look at the strip cartoon,

Follow the full presentation for that rule

Any critical operation carried out infrequently
Bring the rule to life

Thank you!

Total Golden Rules Safety Monthly Themes 2012

Q1
JAN
Work at Height
Traffic

Protective Equipment
World Safety Day Theme

SIMOPS
Risk Situations
Permit to Work
Lifting
Work on Powered Systems
Confined Spaces
Gestures, Postures, Tools
Change Management

55

Q2
FEB

APR

Q3
JUN

JUL

AUG

Q4
SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC