Milestone 1: project description

Purpose of Project:
To produce an in expensive carrier kit for STM32F3 discovery board, which is reliable, safe,
and easy to use. On the other hand to acquire the skills to design a 2 layer Printed Circuit Board
(PCB), which include various interface modules that helps students in performing all the second
semester labs and also for gaining real world experience.

Scope of project:
To fully implement all the other labs. To gain the knowledge of real world working models by
using STM32F3 Discovery board.

Intended Audience:
Project evaluator and the peers.
In the real world, it helps a person who try to control other things like motors, automation of
home.

Description of solution:
Data Acquisition problem is solved by using digital systems. The analog outputs from sensors
(in real world) are conditioned with circuitry to make them easily converted to digital.
Transfer of digital data requires a Protocol to govern how the data is formatted. The standard
ones allow interoperability between sensors, actuators, and controllers. Therefore we are using
RS 232 protocol and SPI.
Digital logic outputs don't have enough current to drive much more than LEDs. So we need
circuits that are capable of driving much larger currents than what can be supplied from logic
outputs. This can be achieved by using ULN2803 which has 8 drivers in it. We can use one when
we drive stepper and DC motors.
We are using opto isolators instead of relays, because relays consume more power, expensive and
they are bulky, so by using opto isolators we are decreasing the power consumption and other
noise related problems.
Instead using the hardware designed driver circuit for motor control, we are using the simple
driver chip L293d, which decreases the cost and increases the reliability.
Circuit below shows an optoisolator triggering a Triac that can be used to control a load.

Circuit diagram for motor control using triac and opto isolator

8 Open collector drivers:

ULN2803 ic has 8 drivers in it. These chips greatly simplify the wiring.
Stepper Motor Interface: 8 GPIO's Connected to ULN2803 ports from stm board PC6 to PC13
http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/uln2803a.pdf

H-Bridge driver:
We can use prepackaged devices:
a. L293/L293D Quad Half-H-Driver for small loads
b. L298 Quad Half-H-Driver for larger loads.
c. L6201, LMD18200 Integrated Drivers
There are more advanced versions that use MOSFETS, and provide current feedback.
The MOSFET versions can operate at much higher PWM frequencies, and are preferred.

h-bridge driver circuit diagram

UART Interface:
Ports description:
- PC4 is RS-232 Tx
- PC5 is RS-232 Rx
- Wire DE-9 connector such that: RTS is looped back to CTS and DTR is looped back to DCD.
The below table shows the connection and description processes .

LCD Interface:
Backlight PWM
PB8 TIM16_CH1
LCD Data Interface
PD8 to PD15 LCD D0 to D7
PD3 LCD R/W
PD4 LCD RS
PD7 LCD E

DC Motor Interface:
TIM15 used to generate PWM signals
- PB14 for 1,2EN
-PB15 for 3,4EN
- 4 GPIO's
- PC0, PC1, PC2, PC3 for 1A,2A,3A,4A.
- 2 ADC's for Tachometers
- PB0 ADC3_IN12 (for motor on 1,2)
- PB13 ADC3_IN5 (for motor on 3,4)

Analog Interface:
--PA1 ADC1_IN2
-- PA2 ADC1_IN3
-- PA3 ADC1_IN4
-- PF4 ADC1_IN5
-- PA4 - DAC1_OUT1

Block Diagram of solution:

Main block diagram

MAX3232_BLOCK DIAGRAM

Connecting numbers description:

1) 11 GPIO's connected to LCD.
2) 8 GPIO's connected to the ULN2803.
3) 4 GPIO's connected to L293D. from stm32 to L2393d ic
4) 2 PWM outputs connected to L293D
5) 4 A/D inputs routed to the Analog Connector.
1 DAC output routed to the analog connector.
6) 2 A/D inputs connected for the Tachometer.
7) UART Rx/Tx . DB9pin connected to max3232 ic and agin this is connected to
stm32f3 module.

Description of block diagram:

The above block diagram gives you the basic outline of the project and the working model.
From the block diagram we can infer that the majority of the components depends on the main
module, ie. STM32F3 discovery board for the operation of the carrier kit.
When an intended device or output is to be monitored, first we need to sense the required signal
and gather the required data to control it. The gathered data is transferred to the controller by
using standard protocol, in this case rs232 which is interfaced with the block max3232 ic . This
ic makes sure that the gathered information is passed to the controller in a standard signal format.
Analog connector/ interface is used to sense the real world values which are analog in nature ,
and then feeds this values to a A TO D converter block, which upon conversion sends it to the
microcontroller to get analysed or compared with the set or reference values. There by the
controller generates the required control signals.
Lcd module interfaced to the controller, displays the data being sent and the data being read,
from various devices. It also displays the output for the user, to know what is happening.
The IC ULN2803 provides the necessary output current to drive the user circuit. The IC L293D
simplifies the complex circuit, without that, the controlling part requires complex wiring system.
This is superseded by the use of ic.

Estimated cost breakdown:

Item name
Stm3f3 discovery kit
Pcb
Diodes
2N3904-APCT-ND
MOC3011M-ND
Max3232
Uln2803 a
Lcd module
Ln293d - motor driver ic
Lm7805 ic regulator
Db 9 connector
Crystal oscillator
Db9 connector pin
Capacitors
Resistors
Miscellaneous
Total

Team members:

quantity
01
01
20
03
03
02
02
01
01
02
02
03
02
-

price in $/unit
30
20
0.25
0.94
1.14
0.92
2.0
5.39
0.8
1.0
1.0
0.5
-

total in $
30
20
04
0.75
2.8
2.28
1.84
2.0
5.39
1.6
2.0
03
01
10
10
06
100