Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

CHAPTER

11

Index Number

1. Index number of average temperature for the year 2005

based on the year 2000

5. (a) Price index for the year 2007 based on the year
2000
Price in the year 2007
= 100
Price in the year 2000
2.00
= 100
1.20

= 166.7

Temperature in the year 2005

= 100
Temperature in the year 2000
35
= 100
30
= 116.7

(b) Price index for the year 2005 based on the year
2007
Price in the year 2005
= 100
Price in the year 2007
1.50 100
=
2.00

= 75

2. Index number of books sold in the year 2006 based

on the year 2005
Volume of books in the year 2006
= 100
Volume of books in the year 2005
10.6
= 100
10.7
= 99.1

6. Index number for the year 2006 based on the year

2005 = 120.5
Number of cars sold
in the year 2006
100 = 120.5
Number of cars sold
in the year 2005
x

100 = 120.5
10 000
x = 120.5 100
= 12 050

3. Price index for the year 2000 based on the year 1900
Income for the year 2000
= 100
Income for the year 1900
10
000
= 100
6000
= 166.7
4. (a) Index number in February based on January
Volume of rain fall in February
= 100
Volume of rain fall in January

7. Price index for the year 2006 based on the year 2001
= 85
Price in the year 2006
100 = 85
Price in the year 2001
4

y 100 = 85
4 100
y =
85
= 4.71

15
= 100
10

= 150

(b) Index number in March based on January

Volume of rain fall in March
= 100
Volume of rain fall in January
5
= 100
10

= 50

8. Index number for houses sold in the year 2005 based

on the year 2000 = 120
Number of houses sold in the year 2005
100
Number of houses sold in the year 2000
= 120

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

 Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

13.

Number of houses sold in the year 2005

120
= 10 200
100
= 12 240

Composite index = 103

(4 110) + 90x + (6 120) = 103

4+x+6

440 + 90x + 720 = 103(10 + x)

1160 + 90x = 1030 + 103x
103x 90x = 1160 1030
13x = 130
x = 10

9. Price index in the year 2003 based on the year 2000

= 130
Price in the year 2003
100 = 130
Price in the year 2000
Price in the year 2003
100 = 130
12
130 12

Price in the year 2003 =
100
= RM15.60

14. (a) Composite price index in the year 2002 based on

the year 2005 = 122
(2 100) + 4x + (3 130) + (1 150)

= 122
2+4+3+1
4x + 740 = 122(10)
= 1220
4x = 480
x = 120

10. Price index in the year 2006 based on the year 2005
= 110

(b) Price index of item C for the year 2002 based on

the year 2005 = 130
Price in the year 2002

100 = 130
Price in the year 2005
2000

100 = 130
Price in the year 2005
2000 100

Price in the year 2005 =
130
= RM1538.46

Price in the year 2006

100 = 110
Price in the year 2005

125
100 = 110
Price in the year 2005
125 100

Price in the year 2005 =
110
= RM113.64
wiIi
11. Composite index =
wi

15. (a) Composite index for the year 2002 based on the
year 2000
(4 120) + (2 110) + (3 130) + (1 150)
=
4+2+3+1

= 124

(2 120) + (3 115) + (1 130)

+ (3 110) + (1 126)
=
2+3+1+3+1

= 117.1

(b) Price index for food in the year 2002 based on

the year 2000 = 120

100
12. (a) Price index for A = 100
80

= 125

Price in the year 2002

100 = 120
Price in the year 2000

Price in the year 2002

100 = 120
600

Price in the year 2002 = RM720

120
Price index for B = 100
94

= 127.7

150
Price index for C = 100
130

= 115.4

(c) Composite index for the year 2002 based on the

year 2000 = 124

(b) Composite index in the year 2006 based on the

year 2005
wiIi
=
wi

(2 125) + (3 127.7) + (1 115.4)

=
2+3+1

= 124.8

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Average monthly expenditure

for the year 2002
100 = 124
Average monthly expenditure
for the year 2000
Average monthly expenditure
for the year 2002
100 = 124
600 + 100 + 400 + 500

Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

The composite index for the year 2005 based on the

year 2002
P2005
=
100
P2002

Average monthly expenditure for the year 2002

124
= 1600
100

= RM1984

P2005
P2006
=

100
P2006
P2002

16. (a) Composite index number for the year 2001 based
on the year 2000 = 115

130
100
= 100
100
120
= 108.3

7+m+2+4

100 = 115
3+4+5+8
115

13 + m = 20
100
= 23

m = 10

(b) Composite index for the year 2002 based on the

year 2000
12 + 5 + 6 + 4
= 100
3+4+5+8
27
= 100
20

= 135

1. (a) Index number of P in the year 2006 based on the

year 2003 = 110
t 100 = 110

12
12

t = 110
100
= 13.20
(b) Index number of Q in the year 2006 based on the
year 2003

= Index number of R in the year 2006 based on
the year 2003 10
y
15
100 =

100 10
x
10
= 140
y
140

x =
100
7
y = x.......................1
5

Sum of Q for the years 2003 and 2006
= 12
x + y = 12...............................2

17. (a) Price index of A for the year 1995 based on the
year 1990

= 125 110%

= 137.5

Price index of B for the year 1995 based on the

year 1990
= 130 105%
= 136.5
Price index of C for the year 1995 based on the
year 1990
= 160

(b) The composite index for the year 1995 based on

the year 1990

Substitute 1 into 2,
7
x + x = 12
5
12x
= 12

5
5
x = 12
12
= 5

wiIi
=
wi

(2 137.5) + (1 136.5) + (3 160)

=
2+1+3

= 148.6

18. Given I 2006, 2005 = 120

P2006
100 = 120

P2005
P2006
120

=
100
P2005

Substitute x = 5 into 2,

5 + y = 12
y = 7
(c) (i)

Given the composite index in the year 2006

based on the year 2003 = 130
Cost price in the year 2006
100 = 130
Cost price in the year 2003
Cost price in the year 2006
100 = 130
1000

Cost price in the year 2006 = RM1300

I 2006, 2002 = 130

P2006

100 = 130
P2002
P2006
130

=

100
P2002
3

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

 Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

(ii) Composite index for the year 2006 based on

the year 2003 = 130
y
(2 110) + (n
x 100)
15
+ (1 100)
10
= 130

2+n+1
7
220 + n 100 + 150 = 130(3 + n)
5

140n + 370 = 390 + 130n

10n = 390 370

n = 2

I2009, 2000 = 120

\ I2010, 2009 =

P2009

= 120
P2000
100

P2010
100
P2009

P2010
P
2000 100
P2000
P2009

= 140 100 100

100 120
= 116.7

x
2. (a) 100 = 112
1.80
1.80

x = 112
100
= 2.02

(ii)

P2009
100 = 120
P2000

8
100 = 120
P2000
P2000 = 8 100
120
= RM6.67

3.00
y = 100
2.40
= 125

1.50

100 = 125

z
1.50 100

z =
125
= 1.20

The price in the year 2000 is RM6.67.

P2010
100 = 116.7
P2009

P2010
100 = 116.7
8
P2010 = 8 116.7
100
= RM9.34

(b) Composite index for the year 2002 based on the

year 2000
wiIi
=

wi

(5 112) + (10 125) + (15 125)

+ (20 120)
=
5 + 10 + 15 + 20

= 121.7

The price in the year 2010 is RM9.34.

(b) (i)

I 2008, 2000 = 140

wiIi
= 140

wi

1 130 + 2 120 + 2y =

1+2+2

370 + 2y =

2y =
=

y =

Total monthly cost

in the year 2002
(c) 100 = 121.7
Total monthly cost
in the year 2000

Total monthly cost in the year 2002
121.7 250 000
=
100

= RM304 250

(ii)

(d) Composite index for the year 2004 based on the

year 2000

= 125% 121.7

= 152.1

140
140 5
700 370
330
165

I 2008, 2000 = 140

P2008
100 = 140
P2000

P2008
100 = 140
25
P2008 = 140 25
100
= 35

3. (a) (i) I2010, 2000 = 140

P2010

= 140
P2000
100

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

The cost of the medicine made in the year

2008 is RM35.

Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

18
z = 100
12
= 150

Price of A in the year 2005

4. (a) (i) 100 = 150
Price of A in the year 2000
500
100 = 150
Price of A in the year 2000
500 100

Price of A in the year 2000 =
150

= RM333.33

Price for D in the year 2005

(b) 100 = 200
Price for D in the year 2000
3000

100 = 200
Price for D in the year 2000

(ii) Price index of B in the year 2005 based on

the year 2003
P2005
100
=
P2003
P2005
P2000
=

100
P2000
P2003

3000 100
Price for D in the year 2000 =
200

= RM1500

(c) (i)

wiIi
=
wi

130
100
= 100
100
120

= 108.3

(b) (i)

2 1

Composite index for the year 2005 based on

the year 2000

(2 120) + (4 130) + (1 150)

+ (3 200)
=
2+4+1+3

= 151

Composite index for the year 2005 based on

the year 2000

wiIi
=
wi

= 130

(ii) Composite index for the year 2006 based on

the year 2000

= 151 110%

= 166.1

(2 150) + (2 130) + (1 m)
+ (5 125)
= 130
2+2+1+5

1185 + m = 1300
m = 1300 1185
= 115

2. (a) The composite index for the year 2006 based on

the year 2000 = 120
wiIi

= 120


wi
(2 110) + (2 115) + (m + 1) 120
+ (2 125) + m 130
= 120

2 + 2 + (m + 1) + 2 + m
820 + 250m
= 120


7 + 2m
820 + 250m = 120(7 + 2m)
= 840 + 240m
250m 240m = 840 820

10m = 20

m = 2

Price of bread in the

year 2005
100 = 130
(ii)
Price of bread in the
year 2000

Price of bread in the year 2005
130 5
=
100

= RM6.50

Price for A in the year 2006

(b) 100 = 110
Price for A in the year 2000
200

Price for A in the year 2006 = 110
100

= RM220

x
1. (a) 100 = 120
20
20

x = 120
100
= 24

(c) Price index for B in the year 2000 based on the

year 2006
Price in the year 2000
= 100
Price in the year 2006
100
= 100
115

= 86.96

13

y 100 = 130
13 100

y =
130
= 10

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

 Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

3. (a) Price index for item A in the year 2005 based on

the year 2000
20
= 100
10

= 200

(b) (i)

wiIi
=
wi

= 116

Price index for item B in the year 2005 based on

the year 2000
30
= 100
20

= 150

(2 120) + 3x + (1 135)
+ (4 110)

= 116
2+3+1+4

815 + 3x = 1160

3x = 345

x = 115

Price index for item C in the year 2005 based on

the year 2000
10
= 100
10

= 100
(b) (i)

Total expenditure for

the year 2003
(ii)
100 = 116
Total expenditure for
the year 2000

Composite index for the year 2005 based on

the year 2000

wiIi
=
wi

(1 200) + (2 150) + (3 100)

=
1+2+3

= 133.3

Total expenditure for the year 2003

8000
= 116
100
= RM9280

(c) The composite index for the year 2005 based on

the year 2000

= 120% 116

= 139.2

Price in the year 2005

(ii)
100 = 150
Price in the year 2000
30
100 = 150
Price in the year 2000
30 100

Price in the year 2000 =
150

= RM20

x
5. (a) 100 = 130
1.10
1.10

x = 130
100
= 1.43
1.80

y 100 = 125
1.80 100

y =
125
= 1.44

Expenditure for the

year 2003
4. (a) (i) 100 = 120
Expenditure for the
year 2000

Expenditure on item A for the year 2003
120 1300
=
100

= RM1560

(b) Price index for item Q in the year 2004 based on

the year 2001
1.20
= 100
0.80

= 150

Price index for item S in the year 2004 based on

the year 2001
1.40
= 100
1.20

= 116.7

Expenditure for the

year 2003
(ii)
100 = 135
Expenditure for the
year 2000

1500
100 = 135
Expenditure for the
year 2000

Expenditure on item C for the year 2000
1500 100
=
135

= RM1111.11

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Composite index for the year 2003 based on

the year 2000

(c) Composite price index for the year 2004 based

on the year 2001
wiIi
=
wi

(1 130) + (4 150) + (3 125) + (2 116.7)

=
1+4+3+2

= 133.8

Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

Total cost of production

in the year 2004
(d) 100 = 133.8
Total cost of production
in the year 2001

Total cost of production in the year 2004
133.8 1.2
=
100

= RM1.606 millions

Price in the year 2006

100 = 90
Price in the year 2001

Price in the year 2006

Price in the year 2007

Price in the year 2007

100 = 90
Price in the year 2001

(e) The composite index for the year 2005 based on

the year 2001

= 130% 133.8

= 173.9

Price in the year 2006

99

100 = 90
12 000
100

12 000
Price in the year 2006 = 90
99

= RM10 909.09

340
6. (a) Composite index for A and B =
3
100x + 120y
340

=
3
x+y
300x + 360y = 340(x + y)
= 340x + 340y

40x = 20y

y = 2x

x : y = 1 : 2

10 + 2 + x + 4
100 = 115
1. (a) (i)
4+5+3+8
16 + x
100 = 115

20

20
16 + x = 115
100
= 23

x = 7

165
Composite index for A and C =
2
100x + 80z
165

=
2
x+z
200x + 160z = 165x + 165z

35x = 5z

z = 7x
x : z = 1 : 7

27
5 + 6 + 12 + 4 100 =
100
(ii)

4+5+3+8
20

= 135
(b)

Therefore, x : y : z = 1 : 2 : 7.

Commodity

(b) Composite index in the year 2006 based on the

year 2001
(1 100) + (2 120) + (7 80)
=
1+2+7

= 90

A
B

Price of B in the year 2006

(c) 100 = 120
Price of B in the year 2001

450
100 = 120

Price of B in the year 2001
450 100

Price of B in the year 2001 =
120

= RM375

Price index for

the year 2001
based on the
year 1999

Weightage

100 = 125
4
6

100 = 120
5

12

100 = 400
3
4

100 = 50
8

1
2
3
4

Composite index
(125 1) + (120 2) + (400 3)
+ (50 4)
=
1+2+3+4

= 176.5

(d) Composite index for the year 2007 based on the

year 2001

= 110% 90

= 99

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

 Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

2. (a)

Price index for the

Brand of
year 1998 based on Weightage
computers
the year 1995
5000
100 = 125
4000

6000
100 = 120
5000

4000
100 = 160
2500

5. (a) Composite index for 2001 based on 1999

112 2 + 110 1 + 108 1 + 120 2
+ 114 2 + 118 3
=
2+1+1+2+2+3

= 114.9

(b) For electricity:

P2000
100 = 110

P1999

3
1

1020
100 = 110

P1999
1020 100

P1999 =
110
= 927.3

Composite price index

(125 2) + (120 3) + (160 1)

=
2+3+1

= 128.3

P2001
100 = 112

P1999
P2001

100 = 112
927.3
112 927.3

P2001 =
100
= 1038.58

6000
(b) 360 = 144
5000 + 6000 + 4000
x
5000
100 = 100
(c)
4000
4000

x = 5000

Therefore, the selling price for brand A for the
year 2000 is RM5000.
x4
x6
3. (a) = 2
4
6
x6
x4
=

6
2
2x 12 = 6x 24
4x = 12
x = 3

(c) For others:

P2001
100 = 118

P1999
10 050
100 = 118

P1999

10 050 100
P1999 =
118
= 8516.95

6
(b) 100 = 150
4

P2000
100 = 112
P1999
P2000

100 = 112
8516.95
112 8516.95

P2000 =
100
= 9538.98

4. (a) Substained for others at the pie chart = 80

80

The percentage for others = 100%
360

= 22.22%
x

(b)
100 = 105
500
500

x = 105
100
= 525

Therefore, the expenditure for house rental in the
year 1995 is RM525.

(c) Composite price index

160 + 105 80 + 120 40 + 115 80

= 110

360

= 111.1

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

Therefore, the electricity bill for the year 2001 is

RM1038.58.

The increase from the year 2000 to 2001

= 10 050 9538.98
= RM511.02

Additional Mathematics SPM Chapter 11

6. (a) P1992 = RM50

(b) Price index for the year 1992 based on 1993

50
= 100
55

= 90.91

P1993 = 110% 50

= RM55

Price index for the year 1993 based on 1992

55
= 100
50

= 110

(c) Price for 1994 = 55 110%

= RM60.50

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.