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Abstract
87
Cement & Concrete Composites 0958-9465/90/$3.50 1990 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd, England. Printed in
Great Britain
88
(1)
(2)
The above equations were used in this investigation to estimate the ultimate shear strength but
exclude the influence of steel fibres on shear
strength.
~
_]J
.........
-1y~ >Nt
Vd D o w e l
Nc
Vc
ate
interlock
|fL
>',
o.85f,:'
T
Fig. 2. Forces within fibre-reinforced concrete beam with
diagonal tension crack.
Vuc.b.d.as=O.85f'c.a.b(d-a/2)
force
concrete beam
with
(4)
a/d--1-,ll-2"353(Vu/f'~)(as/d)
(5)
N = O'Svf/( at r 2)
(6)
f= r.~.df.lf/4
(7)
"
."
" .~
,,,......
N'.
,.,
",
tf
B
P
p
~
~'
I
o,
Fig. 4.
P
p
lid
~
P"
"
(8)
Ocu=O'5v.vf.lf/df
(9)
F= Ocu.b.(h -c)/sin a
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
INTERFACIAL B O N D S T R E S S
,4~ "~,
. o ..,
Ocu= N. f = N. r.zg.df.lf/4
-;
..]..x,,-.-..
..
.aC.
89
il
~
J'
I "~-'df
P
lip
g,
90
S. A. A l - Ta'an, J. R. Al-Feel
h
(mm)
d
(mm)
a~/d
2'2
2"2
2'2
2"0
2"0
200
200
200
300
300
182
182
182
280
280
1"5]
2"0
2"5
2"5
3"0
3-54
3"54
1'84
2"2
2"2
2"2
2-0
100
100
100
200
200
200
300
80
80
85
182
182
182
280
1"5]
2-0
1'5
1'0
1"5
2'0
2'0
1"16
2"2
2"2
2'2
2'2
2'2
2'0
150
200
200
200
200
200
300
130
182
182
182
182
182
280
2'0]
1'5
2"0
2'5
3"0
3'5
2-0
1'16
2"2
2-2
2"2
2"0
150
200
200
200
300
130
182
182
182
280
1"5 ]
1"5
2"0
2-5
2"0
v t.
(%)
0"75
lf/ df
k~bm
type
6O
Indented
cut wire
1-5
0'75
1"5
6O
53/
Sheared
f~
(MPa)
Exp.
Calc.
Uu
Uu
(MPa)
(MPa)
53
53
53
53
53
5'44
3"57
3"41
3-22
2"63
4"29
3-23
2"63
2"56
2'41
0'79
0"90
0"77
0"80
0"92
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
6-52
5"58
5'51
7"24
6-02
4-23
3'81
5"85
4"58
5'05
7'42
5'07
3"97
3"86
0"90
0'82
0"92
1"02
0"84
0'94
1'01
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
2"39
4"55
3"15
2"53
2"30
2"02
2-45
2'50
3"88
2"85
2-29
2"16
2"07
2'78
1"05
0'85
0-90
0"91
0"94
1-02
1"13
54
54
54
54
54
4"0
5"35
3"30
3"20
3-64
3"62
4"63
3"55
2'94
3'45
0'91
0"87
1"08
0"92
0"95
vf
(%)
lf/ df
4"8
4"8
4"34"24"6
0"22 }
4-2
4"0
0'44
0"44
4'6}1
4"0
4"6
4'4
5'0
4'8
4'0}
4"2
3"43"2
100}
Fibre
type
f'c
(MPa)
Exp.
vu
(MPa)
Calc.
vu
(MPa)
Flat
crimped
33.2
33.2
33.2
33.2
33.2
33"2
40.2
40.2
33.2
33.2
33.2
33.2
33-2
33.2
40-2
40.2
40-2
40.2
39.7
39'8
39-8
39.8
33.2
1.70
1.70
1.65
1.95
1.74
1.78
2.04
2.01
1.71
1.92
1.60
1.63
1.51
1.66
1"94
1.98
2.27
2.12
2"36
3.47
4.76
8.80
1.52
1.36
1.52
1"62
1-64
1.69
1-69
2.10
2"13
1.64
1.59
1.52
1'54
1.47
1.49
1'89
1.86
2.02
1.98
2.37
3-19
4.33
6.26
1.49
0.80
0"89
0"98
0.84
0.97
0.95
1.03
1"06
0.96
0"83
0'95
0.94
0-97
0"90
0.97
0.94
0.89
0"93
1.00
0.92
0"91
0.71
0'98
Round
0'22
Crimped
0"44 f
3"4
0"88 /
1'8
1"2
4'8
1"76
0"22J
46
91
as/ d
vf
(%)
lJ df
Fibre
type
f'c
(MPa)
Exp.
vu
(MPa)
Calc.
v~
(MPa)
2.5
2"5
2"5
2.5
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
50
62.5
83.3
100
Duoform
31.4
30"6
29.2
31.2
2"15
2"37
2.72
2.70
1.85
1"97
2"15
2-34
0.86
0"83
0"79
0.87
Longitudinal
reinforcing
P
P'
2'0
2"0
2"0
2"0
2"0
2"0
2-0
2-0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2-0
2.0
2.0
3"69
5.72
3.69
5.72
3.69
5.72
5.72
5.72
3.69
5.72
5.72
5.72
5.72
0"91
0"91
0"91
0"91
0"91
0-91
0.91
0.91
--0-91
0-91
0-91
0.91
0-91
0.91
0.91
0.91
--0-91
0.91
3.69
3.69
2.0
2.0
2.0
3.69
3.69
d
(mm)
130
130
130
130
13.0
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
130
128
126
128
126
128
126
126
126
128
126
126
126
126
aJ d
vf
(%)
2"0
2'5
3"0
2"0
2"5
3"0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3-0
2-0
2-5
3.5
2.0
2.5
3.5
3.0
3.1
3.0
3.1
3.0
3-1
3-1
3.1
3.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
0"25]
0"25|
0"251~
0"25[
0"25|
0.25J
0.5
1.0
0.5
1.0
0-5
0.5
0-5
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.5 "1
2-0 I
1.5
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
lf/ df
100
133
133
133
100
133
100
f~.
(MPa)
61"7
61"7
61"7
39"9
39"9
39.9
61.7
71.5
42.3
41.4
61.7
61.7
55"7
67-2
67-2
71.9
55-7
55-7
42-3
42.3
71-9
71.9
67.0
55.9
67.0
59.3
60-0
67.0
55.9
Exp.
vu
Calc.
v.
(MPa)
(MPa)
2"96
2"67
2"77
2"71
2"07
1.94
3.23
3.66
1.97
2.97
4.62
3.69
2-61
5.57
4.42
2-97
2.96
3.55
2.24
2.33
4.37
5-00
4.85
4.93
4.46
5.46
6.77
7.15
6.30
2"81
2"26
2"14
2"27
1"79
1.69
2.99
4.11
2.28
2.64
3.77
3.18
2.77
5.10
4.39
3.89
3.20
3.40
2.54
2.73
4.43
4.63
4.67
4.73
4.49
4.21
5.18
6.10
6.38
Calc. vJExp, vu
0"95
0"85
0"77
0.84
0"86
0.87
0.93
1.12
1.16
0.89
0.82
0.86
1.06
0.92
0.99
1.31
1.08
0.96
1.14
1.18
1.02
0-92
0.96
0-96
1-01
0.77
0.77
0.85
1.06
Reinforcement
ratio
(%)
as/ d
1"34
1"34
1"34
1"34
1"34
2"0
1"34
2"0
2"0
2"0 )
2"8
3"6
2"0)
2"8 1
2-8
2-8
2"8
2"8
vf
(%)
0"5
0"75
f'c
(MPa)
Exp.
vu
(MPa)
Calc.
vu
(MPa)
Calc. vJExp, v=
29"1
29"1
29"1
29-9
29-9
29"9
20"6
20"6
33"4
2"54
1"78
1"52
2"88
2"03
2"20
1"52
2"03
2-91
2"03
1"57
1-45
2"26
1"78
1-92
1"59
1"70
1"99
0"80
0"88
0"95
0"78
0"88
0"87
1"05
0"84
0"68
92
S. A. Al-Ta'an, J. R. Al-Feel
smooth round fibres due to the surface identations or the wavy shape of the fibres. Henager 18
used a bond efficiency factor of 1-1 for Dramix
fibres and 1.2 for Ribtec fibres and Duoform
fibres. CP 110 "J recommends an increase of
about 40% for the ultimate anchorage bond
stresses of deformed bars over that of plain bars
and about 25% for the ultimate local bond
stresses. Although the behaviour of steel bars and
fibres is not comparable, these values may give
some indication of the improved bond stresses
due to surface deformations. In this investigation a
value of 1.3 is used as the bond efficiency factor
for Duoform and crimped fibres, and 1.2 for
hooked fibres. The average bond stress values
used in this investigation were selected from Ref.
16 and they correspond to mixes which have
nearly the same proportions as those used in Refs
1, 3, 4, 7 and 8.
TEST RESULTS
The above procedure was used to calculate the
shear strength of 89 fibre-reinforced concrete
rectangular beams which were tested by Batson et
al., ~ Uomoto et al., 3 Kadir & Saeed, 4 Narayanan
& Darwish, 7 and Mansur et al. s The beams which
failed in flexure were excluded. Tables 1 to 5 show
the details of the beams. The tables show that
there is a good agreement between the calculated
and the experimental values of the ultimate shear
strength. The average ratio of the calculated to the
experimental values is 0.93 with a standard deviation of 0"11, i.e. a coefficient of variation of 11%.
These results prove that the proposed method
is reliable.
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
(14)
where e is the dimensionless factor that takes into
account the effect of the arch action, and the
values given by Zsutty ~ are used in this investigation:
e = 1"0
when
a J d > 2"5
e = 2"5 d/as
when
a J d < 2.5
(15)
4
o/
I1.
v
>
"U
/oo
o~
"5
u
/
0
o
o
~4
/
I
M e a s u r e d Vcr ( M P a )
93
0.
13
4
U
U
REFERENCES
'
Fig. 6.
4
6
Measured V u (MPa)
lo
94
S. A. Al-Ta'an, J. R. Al-Feel