Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
from
Beetroot and
Onion
By: Fuzel
Salim
1
XII-B
CONTENTS
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Subject
Contents
Certificate
Acknowledgement
pH Indicator
Beetroot
Beetroot as an Indicator
Preparation of the Indicator
Detection of pH Range
Onion
3
10
21
11
23
Onion as an Indicator
Olfactory Indicators
Certificate
This is to certify that Fuzel
Salim of class XII-B has
completed
this
project
under my supervision for
the academic year 20152016.
.
5
(Internal
Examiner)
Seal:
Date:
..
(External
Examiner)
Acknowledge
ment
I wish to express my sincere
gratitude to Dr. Alim Khan for
providing me an opportunity to
do
my
project
work
on
Extraction
of
Indicators
from Onions and Beetroot.
This project bears an imprint of
7
pH Indicator
A pH indicator is a halochromic
chemical compound added in
small amounts to a solution so the
pH (acidity or basicity) of the
solution
can
be
determined
visually. Hence, a pH indicator is a
9
10
Beetroot
11
12
Beetroot as an
Indicator
13
14
15
Preparation of
the Indicator
1). 300.0 g of chopped Beetroot
was added to 50.00cm3 of
boiling water in a beaker and
was boiled continuously for 45
minutes.
2). After allowing the beaker to
cool for 15 minutes, boiled
Beetroot were squashed and the
liquid was filtered.
3). The residues were squeezed
once again and the liquid was
evaporated to get a highly
concentrated portion of the
indicator.
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17
Detection of pH
Range
A
In
18
19
Onion
21
22
Onion as an
Indicator
Onion is an olfactory indicator.
They have a characteristic odour
but when chopped onions are kept
in a dilute solution of sodium
hydroxide,
they
lose
their
characteristic odour. However, on
keeping the chopped onions in a
dilute
acidic
solution,
the
characteristic odour of onions is not
lost. This experiment can help in
identifying
acidic
or
alkaline
solution. Red onion can act as a
visual indicator at the same time. It
changes from pale red in acid
solution to green in basic solution.
23
Clove Oil
Extract
Vanilla
24
Onions
Olfactory
Indicators
25
An
Olfactory
indicator
is
a
substance whose smell varies
depending on whether it is mixed
with an acidic or basic solution.
Olfactory indicators can be used in
the laboratory to test whether a
solution is a base or an acid, a
process called olfactory titration.
Onion , clove oil and vanilla extract
are examples. They lose their smell
with bases but not with acids.
Olfactory indicators can be used to
engage visually impaired students
in laboratory work.
xTHE END
x
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