Minhocoa, Sao Paulo

Cheonggyecheon, Seoul

3.5 km long 4-lane elevated highway

5.8 km long river

underneath
former 10-lane highway + former 4-lane elevated
highway

Dynamic situation
Built in 1970 to improve connectivity in the
city

Permanent situation

Formal use during weekdays from 6:30 am to 9:30

pm
Informal use during the nights, sundays, and
holidays

Built in 1967-1976 to improve connectivity in

the city and
reduce the negative impact of the polluted river
Demolished in 2003-2005 in order to restore the
river
and following decreased need for the highway

Controversial topic
Fragmented & disjointed region
Air pollution & traffic jams

(In)formal use of the river banks

Possible participation of community

Participation of community

Autopista Norte

(or general traffic situation in Bogota)

(Air) pollution & traffic jams

Disconnected neighbourhoods
Transmilenio (BRT) & buses only means of public transportation
Large amount of taxis
Car-focused grid city
Autopista Norte is a 14-lane highway with Transmilenio
Stationary situation
Informal uses of the roads: Ciclovia

Questions
Do (in)formal uses remain after elaborate transformations
in the built environment?
Can you design for informal use?
What are the prerequisites for a situation to change?
What is the influence/role of the community?
Are there symptoms that predict similar situations in Bogota?
(to find a interesting location)

Minhocao

Sources:
minhocao.com
vitruvius.com

Traffic on Minhocao(Unknown source)

Construction Minhocao (Unknown source)

Minhocao in the 70s(Unknown source)

Winning proposal (Frentes arquitetura, 2006)

Homeless underneath the structure(Unknown source)

Festival on sunday (Unknown source)

Car-free sunday(Unknown source)

Important economical and

geographical
growth.
Congestion
due
to:
- lack of investments
on
public
transport
- increasing incentives
for private transport,
to promote car industry
- uncontrolled urban sprawl
For
the
first
time,
strategic
planning
was used to organize
the
citys
expansion.
Number of road interventions
took
place
in
order
to
control
chaotic
congestion.

Late 1960s
and 1970s

Construction of Via Elevada Presidente Costa

e Silva, or Minhocao.
Connecting
the
east
and west part of the
city,
without
aiming
to improve urban space.

Announcement to demolish
the Minhocao; discussions
took place about the future of the structure.

Minhocao only open for

cars from Monday to Saturday, from 6:00 am to 10 pm.

A fragmented and disjointed region was left

behind. No public or
private
investments
were there to improve
the urban environment.

Several proposals were

made to minimize the
negative
impact
on
the
surrounding
area.

1970:
during military
dictatorship

1970
and
onwards

The lack of adequate public space sparked the appropriation of the structure during the hours that
it was closed for cars.

Demolition is being discussed after Peter Hall

determines
the
structure to be a great
planning
disaster.

Since
1976

Since
1980

Competition was launched

to generate design proposals.
Winning
entry
suggested to keep the
structure and to add different functions to it.

Municipal
administration has changed; brief
for a new plan of redevelopment was launched
suggesting the demolishment of the Minhocao.

2006

May, 2010

Public hearing to change

the existing law to increase closing times and
to include the Saturday.
The use of the structure
as a park is to be included
in this public hearing.
The public hearing is,
however, cancelled due to
safety and security risks.

September, 2015

Cheonggyecheon

Source:
Cheong Gye Cheon restoration in
Seoul, Korea
by Jong-Ho Shin & In-Kun Lee

Valley of clean water. (Shin & Lee, 2006)

Covering the river (Shin & Lee, 2006)

Shanty Towns on both banks (Lee, 2006)

Cheong Gye Cheon was

literally
a
valley
of clean water. The
river Han flowed eastward through Seoul from
the foothills of maintains west of the city.

Due to Urbanisation and

industrial developments
the watercourse gradually became a large sewer. Shanty towns that
were constructed in the
1960s on both banks lead
to
the
further
pollution of the river.

Before 1960s

1960s

A plan to cover the river

was proposed and between
1967 and 1976 a 10-lane
highway
was
gradually
built over the river.

Demolition (Shin & Lee, 2006)

Elevated highway (Shin & Lee, 2006)

Restoration of the river (Shin & Lee, 2006)

Restoration of the river(Shin & Lee, 2006)

Not long after, a 4-lane

elevated road was built
on top of the highway to
meet the ever-increasing
transport
demands
of the heavily industrialised city centre.

Industry started to relocate

to
the
outskirts
of
the
city
making the highway increasingly unnecessary.
There
were
increasing
concerns
about
health
risks caused by air pollution and the unsanitary
conditions underneath the
road. Also the decreasing stability of the old
structures were a worry.

In the 1990s a plan was

devised by a small group
of academics and environmentalists to restore
the Cheonggyecheon which
quickly gained a widespread community support.

The
Seoul
Metropolitan Government launched
an organisation to move
the
project
forward.

1967 - 1976

1980s

1990s

July, 2002

Construction & Completion

July, 2003 October, 2005

Urban renewal
new city centre

Now

Analysis drawings

Source:
By-product Tokyo by Nigel Bertram,
Shane Murray, Marika Neustupny
Raumlaborberlin

Cause and effect

Organigram

Structure and location

Exploded view

Overview with photos

Overview

Long section

Streetprofile drawings