Grammar for IELTS:

1- Tense Forms
SUMMARY OF VERB TENSES

Present tenses
Simple present: She wants a drink.
Present continuous: They are walking home.
Past tenses
Simple past: Peter lived in China in 1965.
Past continuous: I was reading when she arrived.
Perfect tenses
Present Perfect: I have lived here since 1987.
Present perfect continuous: I have been living here for years.
Past perfect: We had been to see her several times before she visited us.
Past perfect continuous: He had been watching her for some time when she turned
and smiled.
Future perfect: We will have arrived in the States by the time you get this letter.
Future perfect continuous: By the end of your course, you will have been studying
for five years.
Future tenses
Simple future: They will go to Italy next week.
Future continuous: I will be travelling by train.
Conditional tenses
Present conditional: If he had the money he would go
Present continuous conditional: He would be getting up now if he was in Australia.
Perfect conditional: She would have visited me if she had had time.
Perfect continuous conditional: I would have been playing tennis if I hadn't broken
my arm.

2- Modal Verbs
Obligation/Duty/Necessity
Must: Express duty, strong obligation to do sth or that sth is essential.
Have to: Express strong necessity/obligation.

Explain:
1- The difference in meaning between have to/must.
.
.
2- Must and Have to have different meaning in question.
.
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Should/Ought to: Express duty, weak obligation. These are less emphatic than
.. and . .
Need: it is necessary to. It can be used as a modal or main verb with no change in
meaning.
Absence of Necessity
Neednt/Dont have to/Dont need to + present infinitive. (in the present/future)
Neednt + perfect infinitive: it wasnt necessary
Didnt need to/Didnt have to + infinitive: it wasnt necessary.

Prohibition
Mustnt/Cant: it is forbidden to do sth or you are not allowed to do sth.
Logical Assumption/Deduction
Must: Certain that sth is true. It is used to express positive logical believes.
Cant/Couldnt: Certain that sth is not true. It is used to express negative logical
assumptions.
Must/cant + perfect infinitive: logical assumption about the past.
Possibility
Can: general possibility.
Could/Might/may: specific possibility.

May: cannot be used in questions of this kind.

Could/Might/Would + perfect infinitive: sth was possible but it didnt happen.

Ability
Can: expresses ability in the present.
Could: expresses ability in the past.
Permission
Can: informal
formal

Could/May: polite

Might:

Criticism
Could/should/Might/Ought to + perfect infinitive: it would have been better if you
had (but you hadnt).