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As per IS 3043, the resistance of Plate electrode to earth (R) = (r/A) X under root(P/A).
The resistivity of the soil and the physical dimensions of the electrode play important role
of resistance of Rod with earth.
Any material of given dimensions would offer the same resistance to earth. Except the
sizing and number of the earthing conductor or the protective conductor.
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Suppose Copper Plate having of size 1.2m x 1.2m x 3.15mm thick. soil resistivity of 100
ohm-m,
From the above calculation the GI Pipe electrode offers a much lesser resistance than
even a copper plate electrode.
As per IS 3043 Pipe, rod or strip has a much lower resistance than a plate of equal
surface area.
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Apart from considerations of mechanical strength, there is little advantage to be gained from
increasing the earth electrode diameter with the object in mind of increasing surface area in
contact with the soil.
The usual practice is to select a diameter of earth electrode, which will have enough strength to
enable it to be driven into the particular soil conditions without bending or splitting. Large
diameter electrode may be more difficult to drive than smaller diameter electrode.
The depth to which an earth electrode is driven has much more influence on its electrical
resistance characteristics than has its diameter.
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L.T.Pole= 5 Ohm
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