Name: Carmela Mae C.

Duron III-BSA
Subject/Time: HR 315/7:00-8:00M
Professor: Frida Dagatan
Three Most Charismatic Leaders and their Contribution

David Packard
David Packard (September 7, 1912 March 26, 1996) was a co-founder,
with William Hewlett, of Hewlett-Packard (1939), serving as president (19471964), CEO
(19641968), and Chairman of the Board (19641968, 19721993). He served as U.S.
Deputy Secretary of Defense from 19691971 during the Nixon administration. Packard
served as President of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) from
1976 to 1981. He was also chairman of the Board of Regents from 1973 to 1982. Packard
was the recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1988 and is noted for many
technological innovations and philanthropic endeavors.
While serving in the Department of Defense (DoD), he brought concepts of resource
management used in business to the military, as well as establishing the Defense Systems
Management College.
Near the end of his time at DoD, Packard wrote the "Packard Memo" or "Employment of
Military Resources in the Event of Civil Disturbances". Enacted in February 1972, the
Act describes exceptions to the 1878 Posse Comitatus Act, which limited the powers of the
federal government to use the U.S. military for law enforcement, except where expressly
authorized by the Constitution or Act of Congress noting that the Constitution provides an
exception when needed "to prevent loss of life or wanton destruction of property and to
restore governmental functioning and public order when sudden and unexpected civil
disturbances, disasters, or calamities seriously endanger life and property and disrupt
normal governmental functions to such an extent that duly constituted local authorities are
unable to control the situations" and "to protect Federal property and Federal governmental
functions when the need for protection exists and duly constituted local authorities are
unable or decline to provide adequate protection". 214.5 states that "employment of DoD
military resources for assistance to civil authorities in controlling civil disturbances will
normally be predicated upon the issuance of a Presidential Executive order or Presidential
directive authorizing", with exceptions "limited to:
1. Cases of sudden and unexpected emergencies as described in 215.4(c)(1)(i), which
require that immediate military action be taken.
2. Providing military resources to civil authorities as prescribed in 215.9 of this part."[13]
According to Lindorff, these exceptions essentially reinstate the possibility of martial law in
the U.S., prohibited since 1878.

Miriam Defensor Santiago

Miriam Defensor Santiago (born 15 June 1945) is a Filipino politician, notable for
having served in all three branches of the Philippine government judicial, executive, and
legislative. Santiago was named one of The 100 Most Powerful Women in the World in 1997
by The Australian magazine. In 1988, she was named laureate of the Ramon Magsaysay
Award for government service, with a citation for bold and moral leadership in cleaning up a
corrupt-ridden government agency. She ran in the 1992 presidential elections but was
defeated in an election marred by allegations of impropriety by the victor.
In 2012, she became the first Filipina and the first Asian from a developing country to
be elected a judge of the International Criminal Court. She later resigned the post,
citing chronic fatigue syndrome, which turned out to be lung cancer. She has also written
books covering topics in law and the social sciences. She has served three terms in the
Philippine Senate.
Santiago was appointed judge of the Regional Trial Court of Quezon City, Metro
Manila by President Ferdinand Marcos - the youngest judge appointed to Metro Manila.
Further, she was exempted from the practice of first serving as a judge outside Metro Manila.
As RTC judge, she quickly proclaimed a no postponement policy. At that time, cases were
tried in segments that were usually a month apart, resulting in trials that took years to finish.
Lawyers were prone to seek postponement of trial. As a result, trial judges scheduled ten or
fifteen cases a day, so that they could make up for cases postponed.
Santiago scheduled only five cases a day, and heard each case, and disposed of the
highest number of cases in her first year in office.
She became nationally famous when she issued perhaps the first decision to rule
against martial law. At that time, alleged illegal public assemblies were declared as crimes
and were punishable by death. A large group of activist students from the University of the
Philippines and Ateneo, as well as activists in the film industry, staged a rally in a central
business district, and denounced the First Lady for her excesses. To retaliate, Marcos issued
a Preventive Detention Action order which authorized the military to hold suspects
indefinitely, without bail. The students faced the dire prospect of missing their final exams
and, for many of them, missing graduation.
Santiago suspended hearings on all other pending cases, and conducted whole-day
trials. In the end, ordered the military to allow the students to post bail. After promulgating
her decision at the end of the day, Santiago drove herself to the state university, where she
was teaching law.

The Philippine Jaycees, the Philippine Lions, and the YMCA Philippines all gave her awards
for judicial excellence.

Rodrigo Duterte

Rodrigo Roa Duterte (born March 28, 1945), who also goes by the
nicknames Rody or Digong, is a Filipino lawyer and politician. Duterte is among the longestserving mayors in the Philippines. He has been mayor of Davao City, a highly-urbanized city
in Mindanao island, for 7 terms, totalling more than 22 years. He has also served as vicemayor and congressman in the city.
Duterte, who has been dubbed "The Punisher" by Time magazine, has been
criticized by human rights groups and by Amnesty International for tolerating extrajudicial
killings of alleged criminals allegedly by the Davao death squads. Duterte has been heavily
criticised by numerous organizations for condoning and even inciting murders to take place
during his leadership. In the April 2009 UN General Assembly of the Human Rights Council,
the UN report (Eleventh Session Agenda item 3, par 21) said, "The Mayor of Davao City has
done nothing to prevent these killings, and his public comments suggest that he is, in fact,
supportive." Human Rights Watch reported that in 2001-2002, Duterte appeared on local
television and radio and announced the names of "criminals", some of whom were later
executed. In July 2005 at a crime summit in the Manila Hotel, the politician said, "Summary
execution of criminals remains the most effective way to crush kidnapping and illegal drugs".
In 2009 Duterte said: "If you are doing an illegal activity in my city, if you are a
criminal or part of a syndicate that preys on the innocent people of the city, for as long as I
am the mayor, you are a legitimate target of assassination."
Duterte responding to the reported arrest and subsequent release of a notorious drug
lord in Manila is quoted as saying: "Here in Davao, you cant go out alive. You can go out,
but inside a coffin. Is that what you call extra-judicial killing? Then I will just bring a drug lord
to a judge and kill him there, that will no longer be extra-judicial."
Referring to the arrest of a suspected rice smuggler, Duterte spoke out in the state
senate saying, "If this guy would go to Davao and starts to unload (smuggled rice) I will
gladly kill him." For these comments, Duterte was attacked in an editorial in The Manila
Times, which condemned "the mentality of lawlessness and vigilantism." The newspaper
argued that this culture of impunity enabled those in power, including officials, "private
warlords and businessmen vigilantes" to take retribution against those they felt had acted
against their interests: "They kill journalists exposing corruption and human rights activists
exposing abusive police and military men." Following Duterte's comments in relation to killing
a person suspected of smuggling rice, the office of the President of the Philippines issued a
statement saying, Killing a person is against the law. The President has been firm in the
belief that no one is above the law. We must not resort to extralegal methods."

In 2015, Duterte confirmed his links to extrajudicial killings in Davao, and warned that
if elected president he may kill up to 100,000 criminals.