Chapter 02

Chapter 2
1.
Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve
y = 5x + 8
Difficulty: moderate Section: 2.1
Ans:
f ( x)
4
x
x
at the point where x = 1.
2.
3
2
Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve f ( x ) x x 1 at the point (1, 1).
y=x
Ans:
3.
1
t 2 is
The derivative of
2
2
2
1
3
3
A) t B) t
C) t D) t
Ans: B Difficulty: moderate Section: 2.1
4.
f (t )
f ( x)
x is
The derivative of
1
1
1
3
3
x
x D) x
A)
B) x
C)
Ans: A Difficulty: moderate Section: 2.1
5.
2
The equation of the line tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 3x at x = 2 is
A) y = 7x 4 B) y = 7x 422 C) y = 7x 2 D) y = 7x 144
6.
The equation of the line tangent to the graph of f ( x ) 3 x at x = 1 is

1
1
1
1
3
3
3
y x
y x
y x
y x 1
2
2 B)
2
2 C)
2
2 D)
2
A)
Ans: C Difficulty: moderate Section: 2.1
f ( x0 h) f ( x0 )
h
If f(x) represents the price per barrel of oil in terms of time, what does
f ( x0 h) f ( x0 )
lim
h 0
h
represent? What about
?
The average rate of change of oil price with respect to time on the time interval [x0,
x0 + h]; the instantaneous rate of change of oil price with respect to time at time x0.
Difficulty: easy Section: 2.1
7.
Ans:
f ( x h) f ( x )
h
Write and simplify the difference quotient
for f(x) = 3x2 2x.
8.
Page 1
Chapter 2
Ans:
6x + 3h 2
f ( x h) f ( x )
5
f ( x) 2
h
x , then evaluate
Write and simplify the difference quotient
for
the limit as h approaches zero.
5; 5
C)
10 x 5h 2
10
; 3
2
2
x ( x h)
x
D)
10 x 5h
10
10 x 5h
10
; 3
; 3
2
2
2
2
x ( x h)
x
x ( x h)
x
Ans: D Difficulty: hard Section: 2.1
9.
A)
B)
10.
The derivative of
2
t3
2
t1
f (t )
1
t2
is
2
t1
A)
B)
C)
D) t
Ans: A Difficulty: moderate
11.
The derivative of
7
A) 2 x
Ans: A
f ( x)
7
x
Section: 2.1
is
7
2 x
3
B) 2 x
C)
D) 7 x
12.
2
The equation of the line tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 8 x at x = 2 is
A) y = 12x 4 B) y = 12x 64 C) y = 12x 2 D) y = 12x 8
13.A citrus grower estimates that if 40 grapefruit trees are planted, the average yield per tree
will be 300 grapefruit. The average yield will decrease by 3 grapefruit per tree for each
additional tree planted on the same acreage. Use calculus to determine the number of
trees that should be planted to maximize the total yield.
Ans:
70
Difficulty: hard Section: 2.1
14.A manufacturer can produce radios for $10 apiece. It is estimated that if the radios are
sold for x dollars apiece, consumers will buy 100 x of them each month. Use calculus to
determine the price in dollars at which profit will be greatest.
Ans:
45
15.A citrus grower estimates that if 60 orange trees are planted, the average yield per tree
will be 900 oranges. The average yield will decrease by 9 oranges per tree for each
additional tree planted on the same acreage. Use calculus to determine the number of
trees that should be planted to maximize the total yield.
Ans:
80 trees.
Page 2
Chapter 2
Difficulty: hard
Section: 2.1
6
Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve f ( x ) x x at the point where x = 1.
y = 7x + 12.
16.
Ans:
17.
Ans:
3
2
Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve f ( x ) x x 8 at the point (1, 8)
y = x + 7.
18.
1
True or False: The tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 3 at x = 2 has slope 2 .
A) True
B) False
19.
f ( x)
True or False: The tangent to the graph of

A) True
B) False
1
2
2
2
x
at x = 3 has slope 27 .
20.
2
True or False: The derivative of f ( x ) x 5 is 2x + 5.
A) True
B) False
Ans: B Difficulty: easy Section: 2.1
21.True or False: If f ( x ) 0 on the interval a x b , then the graph of f has its lowest
point at x = a and its highest point at x = b on this interval.
A) True
B) False
Ans: A Difficulty: hard Section: 2.1
22.
True or False: The tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 4 at x = 6 has slope of

A) True
B) False
f ( x)
True or False: The tangent to the graph of
A) True
B) False
23.
Page 3
1
x2
1
6
2
at x = 5 has slope of 125 .
Chapter 2
24.
2
True or False: The derivative of f ( x ) x 2 is 2x + 2.
A) True
B) False
25.For f(x) = 18 x2, find the slope of the secant line connecting the points whose xcoordinates are x = 5 and x = 4.9. Then use calculus to find the slope of the line that is
tangent to the graph of f at x = 5.
Ans:
Slope of secant line: 9.9; Slope of tangent line: 10
26.
f ( x)
x , find the average rate of change of f(x) with respect to x as x changes

For
from 144 to 145. Then use calculus to find the instantaneous rate of change at x = 144.
Average rate of change: 0.000864; Instantaneous rate of change: 0.125
A)
B)
C)
D)
27.
Ans:
2
Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 9 x 16 at the origin (0, 0).
y = x
28.
Ans:
2
Find the equation of the tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 2 x 9 at the origin (0, 0).
y = 4x
29.
Ans:
2
5
Find the equation of the line that is tangent to the curve f ( x ) 5 3 x x at the point
(1, 7).
y=x+6
30.A spherical balloon is being filled with air in such a way that its radius is increasing at the
constant rate of 2 cm/sec. At what rate is the volume of the balloon increasing at the
2
instant when its surface has area 4 cm ? (Note: A sphere of radius r has volume
4
V r3
2
3
and surface area S 4 r .)
Ans:
8 cm /sec
Page 4
Chapter 2
31.
2 6 5x 2 5
x
x
3
6 3x
Differentiate
.
2
4 / 5
5 2x
x
f ( x ) 4 x 5
6
3
5
Ans:
f ( x)
32.
f ( x) 3 x
x , differentiate f(x).
x 2 / 3 x 3 / 2
f ( x )
3
2
If
Ans:
33.
8
Differentiate f ( x ) x 2
7
9
A) 8 x 2 B) 8 x 2 x
Ans: C Difficulty: easy
34.
Differentiate
f ( x) x
1
7
7
C) 8x D) 7x
Section: 2.2
1
x
1
A) 0 B) x C) 2 x 2 x
D) 2 x
Ans: D Difficulty: easy Section: 2.2
3
1
2 x3
35.
2
Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of f ( x ) x 1 at (1, 2).
A) Not defined B) y = 2 C) x = 1 D) y = 2x
Ans: D Difficulty: moderate Section: 2.2
36.
1
1
2,
x at 2 .
Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of
x
x
x
y 1
y 1
y 1
4
2
2
A)
B)
C) y = x + 1 D)
f ( x)
37.
3
The function f ( x ) x 2 on [5, 5] has
Neither a maximum nor a minimum C)
Both a maximum and a minimum
D)
Ans: B Difficulty: hard Section: 2.2
A)
B)
38.
A maximum, but no minimum

A minimum, but no maximum
3
The displacement function of a moving object is described by s (t ) t 2t 1 . What is
the velocity of the object as a function of t?
2
2
A) 3t
B) 3t 2 C) 3 D) 2
Page 5
Chapter 2
Ans: B
Difficulty: easy
Section: 2.2
39.
2
the object's acceleration?
A) 2t + 5 B) 2t C) t D) 2
40.An object moves along a line in such a way that its position at time t is
s (t ) t 3 15t 2 27t 4 . Find the velocity and acceleration of the object at time t. When
is the object stationary?
v (t ) 3t 2 30t 27 ; a(t) = 6t 30; t = 1 and 9
v (t ) 3t 2 30t 27 ; a(t) = 6t 30; t = 5
A)
B)
C)
v (t ) 3t 2 10t 27 ; a(t) = 6t 10; t = 1

v (t ) 3t 2 30t 27 ; a(t) = 6t 30; t = 1
D)
Ans: A
Difficulty: moderate
Section: 2.2
41.
2
Find all points (x, y) on the graph of the function y 3 x with the property that the
tangent to the graph at (x, y) passes through the point (3, 0).
A) (0, 0) and (3, 27) B) (3, 27) C) (0, 0) and (6, 108) D) (6, 108)
42.
2
The graph of f ( x ) 3x 5 has
5
a maximum at x 6
A)
C)
a maximum at x = 0
D)
a minimum at x = 0
C)
a maximum at x = 0
4
D)
a minimum at x 14
a minimum at x = 0
5
a minimum at x 6
Ans: D Difficulty: hard
B)
Section: 2.2
43.
2
The graph of f ( x ) 7 x 4 has
4
a maximum at x 14
A)
B)
44.
3
Differentiate: f ( x ) x 2
2
2
4
2
A) 3x B) 3x 2 C) 3x 2 x D) 2x
Ans: A Difficulty: easy Section: 2.2
45.
f ( x ) x 9x
Differentiate:
1
1
93
93
2 x
2 x
2
x
2 x
A)
B) 0 C) 9 D)
Page 6
Chapter 2
46.
2
Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of f ( x ) x 4 at the point (3, 13).
A) y = 6x 5 B) Not defined C) y = 13 D) x = 3
47.
1
7,
1
f
(
x
)
x
Find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of
at the point 7 .
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
A) y 49 x 7 B) y 7 x 7 C) y 49 x D) y 49 x 7
Ans: A
Section: 2.2
48.
3
The function f ( x ) x 1 on [ 2, 2] has
both a maximum and a minimum
C)
neither a maximum nor a minimum D)
A)
B)
a maximum, but not a minimum

a minimum, but not a maximum
49.
3
the velocity of the object as a function of time?
2
2
A) 3t 6 B) 3t
C) 3 D) 2
50.
2
the acceleration of the object as a function of time?
A) 2 B) 2t + 3 C) 2t D) t
51.
Ans:
2
The gross national product (GNP) of a certain country is N (t ) t 3t 121 billion
dollars where t is the number of years after 1990. At what percentage rate will the GNP
be changing with respect to time in 1995?
8.07
52.
Ans:
3
8
2 14
2
Differentiate: f ( x ) 7 x 5 x 8 x x .
(2) /(3)
14 x13 25 88t 2 x 3
Difficulty: easy
53.
f ( x) 4 x
Differentiate:
Ans:
3
4
Section: 2.2
3
2
3
2
x x
1
4
3
x
Section: 2.2
Page 7
Chapter 2
54.
Ans:
2
3
Find the equation of the line that is tangent to the curve f ( x ) 7 5 x x at the point
(1, 11).
y = 7x + 4
55.
True or False: The equation of the line tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 3 that passes
through (1, 4) is y = 2x + 3.
A) True
B) False
56.
5
True or False: The graph of the function f ( x ) x has neither a maximum nor a
minimum over the domain (10, 10).
A) True
B) False
57.
3
True or False: If the displacement of a moving object is s (t ) t , the acceleration is 6t.
A) True
B) False
58.
1 7
7 x6
5
f ( x) x 2 x 9 x 8
10 x 4 9
3
True or False: Differentiating
gives 3
.
A) True
B) False
59.
3
2
True or False: Differentiating f ( x ) x 3 x 1 gives 3x .
A) True
B) False
60.True or False: An environmental study of a certain suburban community suggests that t

years from now the average level of carbon monoxide in the air will be
Q(t ) 0.07t 2 0.2t 2.8 parts per million. The rate that the carbon monoxide level will
change with respect to time 2 years from now will be 0.048 ppm/yr.
A) True
B) False
61.True or False: The gross annual earnings of a certain company were
Page 8
Chapter 2
E (t ) 0.2t 2 9t 30 thousand dollars where t is the number of years since its formation
in 1990. The gross annual earnings with respect to t in 1995 are growing at 13.75%.
A) True
B) False
62.
True or False: The equation of the line tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 4 that passes
through (4, 6) is 2x + 4.
A) True
B) False
63.
5
True or False: The graph of the function f ( x ) x has neither a maximum nor a
minimum over the domain (2, 2).
A) True
B) False
64.
3
True or False: If the displacement of a moving object is s (t ) 4t , the acceleration is
24t.
A) True
B) False
65.
5
1 7
True or False: Differentiating f ( x ) 3 x 3x 8 x 9 gives
A) True
B) False
7
3
x 6 15 x 4 8 .
66.
6
5
True or False: Differentiating f ( x ) x 6 x 1 gives 6x .
A) True
B) False
67.True or False: An environmental study of a certain suburban community suggests that t

years from now the average level of carbon monoxide in the air will be
Q(t ) 0.04t 2 0.4t 2 parts per million (ppm). The rate that the carbon monoxide level
will change with respect to time 4 years from now will be 0.32 ppm/yr.
A) True
B) False
Page 9
Chapter 2
68.
Ans:
Find the equation of the line that is tangent to the curve

(1, 1).
y = 9x + 8
69.
If
Ans:
2 3x 2
x 3 x 1 , what is f ( x ) ?
x3 x 1 6 x 2 3x 2 3x 2 1
f ( x)
Difficulty: hard
70.
If
Ans:
x 1
Section: 2.3
3x 1
x 1 , what is f ( x ) ?
x 1 3 3x 1 1
f ( x)
x 1
71.
Find f ( x ) , where
18 x 1 2 x 3
Ans:
x 1
or
Section: 2.3
f ( x)
3
1 x3 .
1 x
3 3
Difficulty: hard
Section: 2.3
3
Find f ( x ) , where f ( x ) x 4 .
6x
72.
Ans:
73.
2
Differentiate f ( x ) ( x 1)( x 3)
2
2
A) 2x + 1 B) 6x + 1 C) 3x 6 x 1 D) x 1
74.
x2
f ( x)
x2
Differentiate
2
2
x 4x
x 4x
2
2
A) ( x 2)
B) ( x 2)
Ans: A
C) 2x D) x
Page 10
f ( x)
5x2 7 x 1
5 4 x3
at the point
Chapter 2
75.
f (t )
2t 3
t 5 with respect to t when t = 5?
What is the rate of change of

13
17
7
A) 100 B) 10 C) 10 D) 10
76.
( x 2) 2
x3
If
, find all values of x such that f ( x) 0 .
C)
x 62 3
x 6 2 3 and x 6 2 3
D) x = 0, 2, and 2
x 62 3
Ans: C Difficulty: hard Section: 2.3
A)
f ( x)
B)
2
3
If f ( x ) x ( x 3) , find all values of x such that f ( x) 0 .
12 3 6
12 3 6
10
10
A) x = 0, 3 B) x = 0 C) x = 3,
D) 0, 3,
77.
5
4
If f ( x ) 9 x 5 x 120 x 8 , find all values of x such that f ( x ) 0 .
1
1
A) 0 B) 0, 3 C) 3 D) 0, 3
78.
2
3
If f ( x ) x (2 x 1) , find all values of x such that f ( x ) 0 .
1
1 4 6
1 4 6
1
3
A) 2 , 20
B) 2 , 10
C) 0, 2 D) 0, 2
79.
3
If f ( x ) x ( x 2) , find all values of x such that f ( x ) 0 .
A) 0 B) 1, 0, 1 C) 1, 0 D) 0, 1
80.
A)
B)
C)
D)
81.An object moves along a straight line so that after t minutes, its distance from its starting
5
D(t ) 6t
9
t 13
point is
meters. At what speed is the object moving at the end of
16 minutes? How far does the object actually travel during minute number 16?
14.83 meters per minute; 5.83 meters
Page 11
Chapter 2
82.
3
2
If the position of an object moving along a straight line is given by s (t ) t 2t 8t at
time t, find its velocity and acceleration.
C)
v (t ) 3t 2 2t 8 ; a(t) = 6t 2
v (t ) t 2 2t 8 ; a(t) = t 2
A)
B)
v (t ) t 2 4t ; a(t) = 4t
Ans: D Difficulty: moderate
D)
v (t ) 3t 2 4t 8 ; a(t) = 6t 4
Section: 2.3
83.
Find the second derivative of the given function and simplify your answer:
C)
96
48
f (t )
f (t )
3
4t 7
(4t 7)
D)
96
48
f (t )
f (t )
3
4t 7
(4t 7)
A)
B)
f (t )
84.
(4)
5
4
3
2
Find f ( x) if f ( x ) x 5 x 8 x 9 x 10 x 4 .
C)
f (4) ( x) 60 x 2 120 x 48
f (4) ( x) x 2 5 x
D)
f (4) ( x) 120 x 120
f (4) ( x) x 2 5 x 8
A)
B)
85.
Find f ( x ) if
A)
f ( x)
1
5x
5
5
x4
C)
5
3
8x 5x x
D)
15
600
f ( x )
7
3
x
16 x 5 x
f ( x )
B)
86.
f (t )
600
x7
8x 5x
15
600
f ( x )
7
3
x
1000 x 5 x
f ( x )
87.
2
Differentiate: f ( x ) ( x 4)( x 2) .
2
2
A) 3x 4 x 4 B) 2x + 1 C) 16x + 1 D) x 1
Differentiate: f ( x )
x2
x 1
8t 9
t 2 with respect to t when t = 23?
What is the rate of change of

1
1
A) 25 B) 25 C) 25 D) 25
88.
15
.
Page 12
3
4t 7
Chapter 2
x 2 3 x
( x 1)2
A)
Ans: A
3 x2 3 x
( x 1) 2
B)
C) 2x D) x
What is the rate of change of f (t )
89.
19
100
23
10
3t 4
t 5
with respect to t when t = 5?
8
10
A)
B)
C) 10 D)
90.The temperature in degrees Fahrenheit inside an oven t minutes after turning it on can be
modeled with the function
400t 70
F (t )
t 1 . Find F (5) and interpret what it tells us about the temperature.
Round your answer to 2 decimal places.
F (5) 9.17 ; After 5 minutes, the temperature is increasing at the rate of 9.17
Ans:
degrees per minute.
91.An appliance store estimates that they can sell R(x) refrigerators in a month according to
3
2
the formula R ( x) 0.01x x 3 x 200 where x is the number of television ads they
run per day. Find R (4) and interpret what it tells us about sales.
R (4) 203.36; they'll sell about 203 refrigerators if they run 4 ads per day.
R (4) 4.52; they'll sell about 5 refrigerators if they run 4 ads per day.
A)
B)
R (4) 4.52; sales will be increasing at about 5 refrigerators per month per ad
when they're running 4 ads.
R (4) 203.36; the cost of refrigerators will be rising by $203.36 if they're selling
C)
D)
4 per day.
Ans: C Difficulty: easy
Section: 2.3
92.
Ans:
2
If g ( y ) 3 y y represents the height in inches of a sapling y weeks after
germination, find g (6) and interpret what it tells us about the height of the tree. Round
your answer to 1 decimal place.
1.0; after 6 weeks, the tree is growing at 1.0 inches per week.
93.It is estimated that t years from now, the population of a certain suburban community will
7
p (t ) 50
2t 1 thousand people. At what rate, in people/year will the population
be
be growing 3 years from now?
Ans:
285.7
Page 13
Chapter 2
94.The acceleration of an object is the rate of change of its speed with respect to time. If an
object moves in such a way that after t seconds, the distance from its starting point is
D(t ) t 3 15t 2 80t meters, find the acceleration after 2 seconds in meters/s 2 .
Ans:
18
Difficulty: hard
Section: 2.3
95.An efficiency study at a certain factory indicates that an average worker who arrives on
3
2
the job at 8:00 A.M. will have produced Q(t ) t 6t 18t units t hours later. At
Ans:
what rate, in units/hour, is the worker's rate of production changing with respect to time at
9:00 A.M.?
27
96.
If
Ans:
f ( x)
66 x2
x3 6 x 1
f ( x )
, what is f ( x ) ?
3
( x 6 x 1)( 12 x ) (6 6 x 2 )(3 x 2 6)
Difficulty: hard
( x3 6 x 1)2
Section: 2.3
6 x 6
If f ( x ) 8 x 4 , what is f ( x ) ?
(6 x 6)(8)
f ( x ) (8 x 4)(6)
(8 x 4)2
97.
Ans:
Section: 2.3
98.
Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve

y 6 = 130(x 1) or y = 130x 124
Ans:
f ( x)
3 x2 2 x 5
8 7 x3
at the point (1, 6).
99.
The normal line to the curve y = f(x) at the point ( x0 , f ( x0 )) is the line perpendicular to
the tangent line at that point. Find the equation of the normal line to
f ( x ) 2 x 3 10 x 38 at the point with x-coordinate 2.
Ans:
1
293
x
14
7
y
100.It is estimated that t years from now, the population of a certain suburban community will
5
be p (t ) 20 2t 3 thousand people. At what rate will the population be growing 4 years
Ans:
from now?
83 people/year
101.True or False: The equation of the line that is tangent to the curve
f ( x ) (3x 5 7 x 2 5)( x3 x 1) at the point (0, 5) is y = 5x 5.
Page 14
Chapter 2
A) True
B) False
Ans: A Difficulty: hard
102.
f ( x)
Section: 2.3
294
3
f ( x )
(7 x 9)3 .
7 x 9 , then
True or False: If
A) True
B) False
Section: 2.3
5
3
2
2
True or False: If f ( x ) 3x 7 x 2 x 5 , then f ( x ) 180 x 42 .
A) True
B) False
103.
104.True or False: If f(x) = x + 4, then f ( x ) 0 .

A) True
B) False
105.True or False: The equation of the tangent line to the curve
f ( x ) (4 x 5 5 x 2 4)( x 3 x 1) at the point (0, 4) is y = 4x 4.
A) True
B) False
Section: 2.3
106.
Find an equation for the tangent line to the curve
5
19 5
y
x
30
30
Ans:
y 2
1
x
5 at the point where x = 1.
107.At a certain factory, the total cost of manufacturing q units during the daily production
2
run is C (q ) 0.3q 0.8q 800 dollars. It has been determined that approximately
Ans:
q (t ) t 2 80t units are manufactured during the first t hours of a production run.
Compute the rate at which the total manufacturing cost is changing with respect to time 2
hours after production begins.
It is increasing at $8,332.80/hour
108.
When toasters are sold for p dollars apiece, local consumers will buy
Page 15
D( p)
57, 600
p
Chapter 2
toasters a month. It is estimated that t months from now, the price of the toasters will be
p (t ) 0.03t 3 / 2 22.08 dollars. Compute the rate at which the monthly demand for the
toasters will be changing with respect to time 16 months from now.
Decreasing by 18 toasters/month
Ans:
109.
Ans:
dy
1
1
y
u
3u 1 and
x2 .
Find dx if
3
1 x
Difficulty: hard
110.
Ans:
Section: 2.4
dy
3
4
3
Find dx if y u and u x 3 x 7 .
4 x3 9 x 2
3 3 x 4 3x3 7
Difficulty: hard
111.
Ans:
Section: 2.4
dy
3
2
2
Find dx if y u 2u 3 and u x x 1 .
3 x 2 x 1 4 x 2 x 1 2 x 1
2
Difficulty: hard
Section: 2.4
112.It is estimated that t years from now, the population of a certain community will be
6
p (t ) 14
3 t thousand. An environmental study indicates that the average daily level
2
of carbon monoxide in the air will be C ( p ) 0.5 p 2 p 30 units when the
population is p thousand. The rate at which the level of carbon monoxide will be
changing 3 years from now is
A) 0.078 B) 0.078 C) 1.000 D) 1.000
113.When a certain commodity is sold for p dollars per unit, consumers will buy
31,500
D( p)
p
units per month. It is estimated that t months from now, the price of the
2/3
commodity will be p (t ) t 5.15 dollars per unit. The approximate rate at which the
monthly demand will be changing with respect to time in 27 months is
A) 355 B) 35 C) 31.5 D) 131.5
Page 16
Chapter 2
114.
2
3
An equation for the tangent line to the curve y ( x x 1) at the point where x = 1 is:
A) y = 9x 8 B) y = 9x C) y = 2x + 1 D) y = 9x 1
115.
2
3
Find an equation for the tangent line to the curve y (7 x x 1) at the point where x
= 0.
A) y = 14x + 1 B) y = 24x + 3 C) y = 3x + 1 D) y = 3x 1
Ans: D Difficulty: moderate Section: 2.4
116.
2
7
An equation for the tangent line to the curve y ( x x 1) at the point where x = 1 is
A) y = 21x 20 B) y = 21x C) y = 2x + 1 D) y = 21x 1
117.
2
9
An equation for the tangent line to the curve y (3x x 1) at the point where x = 0 is
A) y = 9x 1 B) y = 18x + 1 C) y = 9x + 1 D) y = 18x 1
118.
Find
Ans:
dy
dx
if y
1
5u 1
and u
1
x3
5
(2 x )2
Difficulty: hard
119.
Find
Ans:
dy
dx
Section: 2.4
3
4
3
if y u and u x 3 x 1
4 x 3 9 x 2
3( x 4 3 x3 1)2 / 3
Difficulty: hard
120.
Section: 2.4
dy
dx
7
2
2
if y u 5u 5 and u x x 5
(7( x 2 x 5) 6 10( x 2 x 5))(2 x 1)
Find
Ans:
121.
Ans:
Find an equation for the tangent line to the curve

y = 0.11x + 2.24
y 5
x
2
at the point where x = 1.
122.True or False: It is estimated that t years from now, the population of a certain suburban
7
p (t ) 30
2t 1 thousand. An environmental study indicates that
community will be
2
the average daily level of carbon monoxide in the air will be C ( p ) 0.3 p p 30
parts per million (ppm) when the population is p thousand. The rate at which the level of
pollution is changing with respect to time 3 years from now is about 0.084 ppm per year.
Page 17
Chapter 2
A) True
B) False
Section: 2.4
123.True or False: When a certain commodity is sold for p dollars per unit, consumers will
30, 000
D( p)
p
buy
units per month. It is estimated that t months from now, the price of
5/ 2
the commodity will be p (t ) 0.3t 5.4 dollars per unit. The monthly demand will be
decreasing 40 months from now.
A) True
B) False
124.
3
2
True or False: An equation for the tangent line to the curve f ( x ) x (1 3 x) at the
point where x = 1 is y = 72x + 566.
A) True
B) False
125.
2
True or False: An equation for the tangent line to the curve f ( x ) 3x 5 x at the
3
point where x = 1 is y 6 x 5 .
A) True
B) False
Ans: B Difficulty: moderate
126.
f ( x)
Section: 2.4
x 2 3x 5
f ( x )
1 3 x , then
True or False: If
A) True
B) False
127.
f ( x)
2x 3
1 3x .
(3 5 x )3
( x 2 x 1) 2 , then f ( x ) 5(2 x 1) .
True or False: If
A) True
B) False
Section: 2.4
128.
True or False: If f ( x ) x 2 x , then f ( x ) 0 at x = 0 and x = 2.

A) True
B) False
Page 18
Chapter 2
129.
2
3
(4)
True or False: If f ( x ) (2 x 1) (3 x) , then f ( x) 408 x .
A) True
B) False
3
2
True or False: If f ( x ) x(3x 1) , then f ( x ) 3x (3x 1) .
A) True
B) False
130.
131.
True or False: If f ( x ) 1 3x
A) True
B) False
132.
f "( x)
, then
Section: 2.4
Find all points on the graph of the function

horizontal.
(0, 0) and (3, 216)
Ans:
133.
3
(1 3 x 2 )3 / 2 .
f ( x ) x 3 8 x 32
f ( x)
where the tangent line is
x2
x 2 where the tangent line is
Find all points on the graph of the function

horizontal.
A) There are none. B) (2, 1) C) (0, 0) and (4, 8)
D) (0, 0)
134.In a healthy person, the average pulse rate in beats per minute, corresponding to a height
596
P ( x)
x . Estimate the change in pulse rate
of x inches ( 30 x 75 ), is given by
corresponding to a height change from 49 inches to 50 inches.
Ans:
0.87 less
135.
Use one iteration of Newton's method to estimate the value of 17 to three decimals
starting from an estimate of 4.
A) 4.125 B) 4.126 C) 4.127 D) 4.128
136.
4
Use Newton's method to estimate the value of 15 to three decimals.
A) 1.968 B) 1.969 C) 1.967 D) 1.966
Page 19
Chapter 2
137.
1
Use Newton's method to estimate the value of
A) 0.503 B) 0.504 C) 0.505 D) 0.506
7.8 to three decimals.
138.If the side of an equilateral triangle is measured with a possible percentage error of 2%,
the possible error in the area of the triangle is approximately:
A) 4% B) 2% C) 1% D) 8%
139.The largest percentage error you can allow in the measurement of the radius of a sphere if
2
you want the error in the calculation of its surface area using the formula S 4 r to be
no greater than 6 percent is about:
A) 6% B) 3% C) 1% D) 2%
140.You measure the side of a cube to be 14 centimeters long and conclude that the volume of
3
the cube is 14 2, 744 cubic centimeters. If your measurement of the side is accurate to
within 2% , approximately how accurate is your calculation of this volume?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Maximum error in volume is about 11.76 cm

Maximum error in volume is about 2,304.96 cm

141.An efficiency study of the morning shift at a certain factory indicates that an average
3
2
worker arriving on the job at 7:00 A.M. will have assembled f ( x ) x 10 x 2 x
A)
B)
transistor radios x hours later. Approximately how many radios will the worker assemble
between 11:00 and 11:15 A.M.?
Approximately 30 radios
C) Approximately 8 radios
Approximately 450 radios
D) Approximately 88 radios
142.If the total cost of manufacturing q units of a certain commodity is C(q) = (3q + 1)(5q +
7), use marginal analysis to estimate the cost of producing the 19th unit, in dollars.
Ans:
596
143.A cubical box is to be constructed from three kinds of building materials. The material
used in the four sides of the box costs 2 cents per square inch, the material in the bottom
costs 3 cents per square inch, and the material used for the lid costs 4 cents per square
inch. What is the additional cost, in dollars, of all the building materials if the length of a
Page 20
Chapter 2
Ans:
side is increased from 20 inches to 21 inches?

6
144.
True or False: The output at a certain factory is Q( K ) 900 K , where K is the firm's
capital investment. The percentage increase in output that will result from a 2 percent
increase in capital investment is an approximate 1%.
A) True
B) False
145.
True or False: The function
decreases from 3 to 2.7.
A) True
B) False
Ans: B Difficulty: hard
f ( x)
x
5
2x 1
will decrease by approximately 0.6 as x
Section: 2.5
146.
Ans:
3
3
Find an equation for the tangent line to the curve x xy y x at the point (1, 0).
y = 2x + 2
147.
Ans:
2
3
Find an equation for the tangent line to the curve x y xy 1 at the point (1, 1).
y 32 x 12
148.
dy
Find dx , where x y xy .
y 2 x y 1
x 1 2x y
Ans:
Section: 2.6
149.
Ans:
3 1
dy
5
x
2
y
dx
Find
, where
.
2
6y
2
x
150.
dy
3
Find dx , where ( x 3 y ) y 5 .
Page 21
Chapter 2
3 x 3y
Ans:
9 x 3y 1
2
Section: 2.6
151.In a certain factory, output Q is related to inputs x and y by the equation

Q 3 x 3 5 x 2 y 2 2 y 3 . If the current levels of input are x = 255 and y = 155, use
calculus to estimate the change in input y that should be made to offset a decrease of 0.6
unit in input x so that output will be maintained at its current level.
An increase of 0.39
C) It cannot be determined
A decrease of 0.39
D) No change
A)
B)
152.
2
2
The output at a certain plant is Q 0.06 x 0.15 xy 0.05 y units per day, where x is
the number of hours of skilled labor used and y is the number of hours of unskilled labor
used. Currently 60 hours of skilled labor and 150 hours of unskilled labor are used each
day. Use calculus to estimate the change in unskilled labor that should be made to offset a
1 hour increase in skilled labor so that output will remain the same.
An increase of 1.24 hours
C) It cannot be determined
A decrease of 1.24 hours
D) No change
A)
B)
153.
2
2
Find the slope of the tangent line to the curve x 3 xy y 3 at the point (1, 1).
A) 5 B) 1 C) 5 D) 3
154.
dy
3
2
Find dx , where xy 3x 7 y .
6 x y3
6x 2
2
3
3
3
A) y 6 x 7 B) 3xy 7 C) y 6 x D) y
155.
x y
dy
xy
y
x
dx
Find
, where
.
2
xy x
1 1
1
1 1
y
1
2
A) y x y B) y x C) y
D) y x
156.
3
3 3
1
Suppose the output at a certain factory is Q 5 x 5 x y 5 y units, where x is the
number of hours of skilled labor used and y is the number of hours of unskilled labor. The
current labor force consists of 30 hours of skilled labor and 10 hours of unskilled labor.
Use calculus to estimate the change in unskilled labor y that should be made to offset a 1-
Page 22
Chapter 2
hour increase in skilled labor x so that output will be maintained at its current level.
A) 0.33 hours B) 1 hours C) 3 hours D) 3 hours
157.Find the equation of the tangent line to the given curve at the specified point:
x 4 y 4 5 xy 9 x y 9 ; (0, 9)
1
1
x9
y x9
54
54
A)
B)
C) y = 54x + 9
y
D) y = 54x + 9
158.At a certain factory, output Q is related to inputs u and v by the equation

3u 5v
Q 2u 2
(u v ) 2 . If the current levels of input are u = 5 and v = 122, use calculus to
Ans:
estimate the change in input v that should be made to offset a decrease of 0.8 units in
input u so that output will be maintained at its current level.
1,208
159.
dy 3x 2 1
2
3
3
dx
3y 1 .
x
y
True or False: If
, then
A) True
B) False
160.
x y
dy
1
x y , then dx x y .
True or False: If
A) True
B) False
Section: 2.6
161.
dy
2x 3y
True or False: If x 3xy y 15 , then dx
.
A) True
B) False
2
162.
dy
2 xy y 2
x
y
xy
7
True or False: If
, then dx
.
A) True
B) False
2
Page 23
Chapter 2
163.
dy
2x
True or False: If x 2 y 5 , then dx
.
A) True
B) False
2
164.
2
3
True or False: An equation for the tangent line to the curve x 2 xy y at the point (1,
1) is y = 1.
A) True
B) False
165.
d2 y
5
2
Use implicit differentiation to find dx for 4 x 11y 100 .
80
x3
3
2
2
A) 80x B) 11
C) 60 x 11 D) 60 x 100
Page 24

Chapter 02

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Chapter 2

The equation of the line tangent to the graph of f ( x ) 3 x at x = 1 is

True or False: The tangent to the graph of

True or False: The tangent to the graph of f ( x ) x 4 at x = 6 has slope of

x , find the average rate of change of f(x) with respect to x as x changes

A maximum, but no minimum

v (t ) 3t 2 10t 27 ; a(t) = 6t 10; t = 1

a maximum, but not a minimum

60.True or False: An environmental study of a certain suburban community suggests that t

67.True or False: An environmental study of a certain suburban community suggests that t

Find the equation of the line that is tangent to the curve

What is the rate of change of

What is the rate of change of

What is the rate of change of f (t )

with respect to t when t = 5?

Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve

at the point (1, 6).

104.True or False: If f(x) = x + 4, then f ( x ) 0 .

Find an equation for the tangent line to the curve

at the point where x = 1.

True or False: If f ( x ) x 2 x , then f ( x ) 0 at x = 0 and x = 2.

Find all points on the graph of the function

where the tangent line is

Find all points on the graph of the function

7.8 to three decimals.

Maximum error in volume is about 11.76 cm

Maximum error in volume is about 164.64 cm

Maximum error in volume is about 2,304.96 cm

side is increased from 20 inches to 21 inches?

151.In a certain factory, output Q is related to inputs x and y by the equation

158.At a certain factory, output Q is related to inputs u and v by the equation

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