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NTFS is the standard file system of Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows
Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, Windows Vista and Windows 7. NTFS replaces FAT
file system and provides file system for operating system of Windows series of Microsoft.
NTFS has improved FAT and HPFS (high performance file system) in several places. Fox
example, it supports metadata and uses senior data structure to improve the property,
reliability, and utilization ratio of disk space. It also provides several additional extended
functions such as access control list (ACL) and file system journaling. The detailed
definition of this file system is
business secret, but Microsoft has
registered it as an intellectual
property product.
--Source from
http://www.powerdatarecovery.co
m/data-recovery/ntfs.html
Overview of NTFS
NTFS (New Technology File
System) is the file system of
Windows
NT
operating
environment and Windows NT
advanced server network operating
system environment.
Detailed Description
NTFS provides long file name, data protection and recovery, and implements security
through directory and file. NTFS is in support of storing files (called volume) in large hard
disk and multiple hard disks. For example, the data base of a company is so large that
several hard disks must be used to store it. NTFS provides build-in security features which
control file subordinate relationship and file access. Files on NTFS partitions can not be
accessed in DOS or other operating systems directly. If users want to read and write
NTFS partition files, the third-party software can be used. Nowadays, NTFS-3G is applied
to read and write NTFS partition files perfectly without any data loss.
Win 2000 adopts newer edition of NTFS file systemNTFS5.0. Its release not only allows
users to operate and manage computer as conveniently and efficiently as that in Win 9X,
but also makes users to enjoy the system security brought by NTFS. The length of long
file name permitted by NTFS is 256 bytes. Although DOS users can not access NTFS
partitions, NTFS files can be copied to DOS partitions. Every NTFS file contains a DOS
readable file name recognized by DOS file name format. And the name comes from the
More Functions
NTFS file system can manage disk quota in Win 2000. Disk quota is that administrator can
define the using space for users by quota limit and every user can only use disk space
within the maximum quota. When disk quota is set, the disk usage of every user can be
monitored and controlled. Through the monitor, the users exceeding quotas alarm
threshold and quota limit can be identified and corresponding methods can be taken. The
use of disk quota management makes the administrator allocate storage resources to
users conveniently and reasonably. And this avoids system crash caused by disk usage
space out of control, which increase the security of system.
NTFS also uses a "dynamic" log to record the change of files.
NTFS also contains encrypted file data and data related to system service and some other
things.
Advantages of NTFS
1. Having Error Warming File System
In NTFS partitions, the beginning 16 sectors are partition boot sectors, and it stores
partition boot code. The following part is Master File Table (MFT). If the disk sector is
destroyed, NTFS file system will intellectively transfer MFT to other sector of the disk,
which makes the system used normally. That means Windows runs normally.
2. More Efficient in File Read
File attributes in NTFS can be divided into tow types: resident attributes and non attributes.
Resident attributes are stored in MET directly. File name and related time information
(such as creation time and modification time) belong to resident attributes forever.
Nonresident attributes are not stored in MFT, but it can be indicated by a complicated
indexed mode. If the files or folder s are less than 1500 bytes (there are many files or
folders of this kind in a computer), all of their attributes and contents are resident in MFT.
And MET will be loaded into RAM while Windows is started. Therefore, when the user look
up the files or folders, they are in cache actually. And this increase the access speed of
files and folders.
3. Self-Healing of Disk
NTFS adopts a "self-healing" system to monitor and amend the logical and physical error
in disk.
During the time of FAT16 and FAT 32, Scandisk is needed to mark destroyed sector in
disk. However, when the error is found, data have been written in the destroyed sectors,
and the loss has been caused.
4. " Disaster Relief" Function of Event Logs
In NTFS file system, any operation can be considered as an "event". For example, the
process of copying a file from Disk C to Disk D is an event. Event logs monitor the whole
process. When the whole file is found in the target diskDisk D, a sign of "finished" will
be marked. If there is a power outage during the process, the event log will not mark
"finished". NTFS can repeat the event when the power is on.
5. Dynamic Disk of NTFS
Dynamic disk is a new feature from the time of Windows 2000, and Windows 2003
continue to use this great feature. Compared with the basic disks, it provides more flexible
management and operating characteristics. Operations such as data faults tolerance, high
speed read and write operation, relative optional change of volume can be realized in the
dynamic disk, but these operations can not be realized in basic disk. Dynamic disk has no
limits to the number of volume. If disk space permits, users can create volumes without
any limitations in the dynamic disk. No matter the dynamic adopts Master Boot Record
(MBR), GUID partition table or GPT partition format, 2,000 dynamic volumes can be
created at most. But the recommended number of dynamic volumes is 32 or even less.