3 Introduction To PROFINET DL

Overview and Applications
of PROFINET
DereK Lane - WAGO Ltd
Most slides courtesy

of Andy Verwer
What exactly is
PROFINET?
PROFINET is an open Industrial Ethernet standard
developed by the PROFIBUS Organisation - PI.
PROFINET
is completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).

operates at 100Mbit/s over twisted-pair copper or fibreoptic cables,
makes use of TCP/IP and other IT standards for non-realtime communications (i.e. configuration and parameters).
Provides a real-time channel for time-critical
communications (i.e. process data)
PROFINET is NOT PROFIBUS over Ethernet!

However, PROFINET is well thought out to
incorporate the requirements of modern systems
based on the lessons learned from PROFIBUS.
Introduction to PROFINET, Derek Lane WAGO Ltd - slides courtesy of Andy Verwer VTC
Page 2
PROFINET Scope
and Application Areas
Network
Engineering
and
Maintenance
Component
Based
Automation
Manufacture
materials
handing
storage
Wireless
Integration
with
Fieldbus
Deterministic
real-time
Decentralized
Peripherals
operation
Motion
Control
Safety
and
Security
WEB
integration
Asset
Management
Process
Control
Page 3
PROFINET IO
PROFINET IO provides decentralised peripherals
using Ethernet connection and the PROFINET
communication protocol.
PROFINET IO uses Real-Time and Non Real-Time
communications.
PROFINET makes use of relevant TCP/IP protocols
for setup, configuration and maintenance functions:
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,

DNS Domain Name Service,
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol,
ARP Address Resolution Protocol,
HTTP Web page access, and lots more!
Page 4
PROFINET
PROFINet stack
(OSI model):
7 - Application Layer
Non time-critical
communication
Real-time
communication
PROFINET Application Layer
6 - Presentation Layer
5 - Session Layer
4 - Transport Layer
3 - Network Layer
2 - Data Link Layer
1 - Physical layer
TCP/UDP
IP
PROFINET
Real-time channel
Standard Fast Ethernet

IEEE802.3
Network
Page 5
PROFIBUS
OSI Model
FMS
Application (7)
OSI
model
Fieldbus Message
Specification
DP
PA
DP cyclic functions (DPV0)

also DPV1, DPV2 extensions
Layers (3) to (6)

not used in
fieldbus systems
Data Link (2)
Physical (1)
Fieldbus Data Link (FDL)

RS485 / Fibre-Optic
MBP
(IEC61158-2)
Page 6
PROFINET communications
PROFINET
PC
Internet Explorer
HTTP
Real-Time
IRT
SNMP Socket RT
TCP / UDP
PROFINET
Field devices
IP
Ethernet
Sensor system
PC
SNMP/OPC server
PROFINET
PLC
PROFINET features standard TCP/IP communications

in compliance with IEEE 802.3 and real-time
communications
Page 7
PROFINET IO
The TCP/IP channel is used for non-time critical
tasks.
Downloading of configuration, parameters,
Diagnostics,
Device management information, etc.
The Real-Time channel is used for time-critical data:

Cyclic process data,
Alarms and critical messages,
Communication monitoring.
The PROFINET application layer protocol is defined

in the International Fieldbus standard IEC61158
(type 10).
Page 8
PROFINET Devices
Equivalent to a
PROFIBUS
master Class-I
IO-Controller
(PLC)
PROFINET Supervisor
(Engineering tool)
Equivalent to a
PROFIBUS
master Class-II
Ethernet
Diagnostics
Status
Parameters
Configuration
Process data
Alarms
Field Device
IO-Device
Equivalent to a
PROFIBUS slave
Page 9
Configuration like PROFIBUS
Page 10
Cyclic IO communication
Channels
write
every 8 ms
read
every 4 ms
write
every 16 ms
The
communicationcycletime can
be defined for
each IO Device
seperately
read
write
read
PROFIBUS DP has same response time for all Slaves

Set by the Baudrate.
Page 11
Peer to peer (multicast)

Provider
Consumer
multicast Address 1
multicast address 2
Consumer
multicast address 3
Consumer- Provider relations have to be configured
equivalent PROFIBUS DPV2
Page 12
PROFINET IO
Many features that have been developed for
PROFIBUS devices have been directly
incorporated into PROFINET:
Standardised module and channel-related diagnostics,

Alarm and status information,
Identification and Maintenance (I&M) functions,
Time stamping,
Highly deterministic process cycle timing
(Isochronous),
Device description file (GSD) with configuration data
for the device and available modules PROFINET uses
GSDML (XML file)
Page 13
Alarms
Alarm!
Problem in process or device
(different alarm types)
Alarm! diagnostics message available

diagnostics Request
diagnostics Response
Page 14
Diagnostics
PROFINET device modelling
device
only channel-related
diagnostics in PROFINET
module
channel
Page 15
Diagnostics
reading the diagnostics in IO Supervisor

reading the diagnostics in IO controller via
function blocks
like
PROFIBUS DP
Page 16
Device exchange
device name equivalent to
station address at PROFIBUS
IO Controller integrates exchanged

device automatically.
IP assignment
parameter download
loading the device name via

software or
hardware
Paul
Peter
Paul
Mary
Page 17
Link Layer Discovery Protocol

Device exchange without software 1
at Switch1: Peter
at Switch2: Paul
at Swich 3: Mary
LLDP/ SNMP is part of

Conformance Class 2
cycl. LLDP
multicast
Peter
cycl. LLDP
multicast
Paul
cycl. LLDP
multicast
Mary
Page 18

at Switch1: Peter
at Switch2: Paul
at Swich 3: Mary
Controller
knows:
paul is
missing
switch1 announces via SNMP:

bus is cut at port 2
Peter
Paul
Mary
Page 19

at Switch1: Peter
at Switch2: Paul
at Swich 3: Mary
controller:
you are Paul
IP will be
assigned
switch1 announces via SNMP:

at port 2 bus is back
again
Peter
Who am I?
Mary
Page 20

at Switch1: Peter
at Switch2: Paul
at Swich 3: Mary
cycl. LLDP
multicast
Peter
cycl. LLDP
multicast
Paul
cycl. LLDP
multicast
Mary
Page 21
PROFINET Scope
Network
Engineering
and
Maintenance
Component
Based
Automation
Manufacture
materials
handing
storage
Wireless
Integration
with
Fieldbus
Deterministic
real-time
Decentralized
Periphery
operation
Motion
Control
Safety
and
Security
WEB
integration
Asset
Management
Process
Control
Page 22
Real-Time Operation
What does Real-Time mean?
A real-time control system responds in a deterministic
manner within a time which is short compared to the plant
response time.
i.e. it depends on the application!
Standard communications (IT)

requires a response in the order of ~100ms.
Factory automation
requires a response time in the order of ~10ms.
Motion control
requires a response time in the order of ~1ms with a jitter
<1s.
Page 23
Real-Time Operation
PROFINET makes use of:
TCP/IP for standard communications, achieving

response times reliably less than 100ms.
A Real-Time, RT, channel for I/O communications,
achieving reliable cycle times < 10ms with <1ms jitter.
Isochronous Real-Time, IRT, channel for highly
deterministic performance (e.g. servos robotics NC),
achieving reliable cycle times < 1ms with <1s jitter.
RT and IRT communications are totally compatible

with TCP/IP.
Since the information is transmitted as a standard
Ethernet package.
Page 24
Real-Time Operation
PROFINET IRT complies with IEEE 1588
Precision clock synchronization protocol for
networked measurement and control
systems.
However this not always good enough!
PROFINET extensions to IEEE 1588 provide
better accuracy with:
Automatic determination and compensation of the
network transmission time.
Resulting in less than 1s jitter at 100Mbit/s.
Page 25
Isochronous
Real-Time Performance
n
IRT
traffic
RT
traffic
<1s
jitter
1ms
15%
jitter
10ms
TCP/IP
traffic
100% jitter
100ms
Cycle time
Page 26
PROFINET Scope
Network
Engineering
and
Maintenance
Component
Based
Automation
Manufacture
materials
handing
storage
Wireless
Integration
with
Fieldbus
Deterministic
real-time
Decentralized
Periphery
operation
Motion
Control
Safety
and
Security
WEB
integration
Asset
Management
Process
Control
Page 27
Integration with
Fieldbus
Over 40 million PROFIBUS devices are currently
installed worldwide.
This investment is protected with PROFINET for
both manufacturers and end-users.
PROFINET provides a transparent interface with
PROFIBUS via a Proxy.
The Proxy is a PROFINET IO device on one side and
a PROFIBUS master on the other.
PROFIBUS Configuration is integrated into the
PROFINET configurator and is downloaded via
Ethernet.
Page 28
Integration with
Fieldbus
PROFINET
PROXY
PROXY
INTERBUS-S
PROFIBUS DP
PROFIBUS PA
Other fieldbusses?
Page 29
PROFINET Flexible network

topologies
Ring
Bus
Tree
Star
Benefits and added value for our customers

Bus structure through integration of switch ports in devices
Tree and star topologies for tree'd configurations
Redundant rings with reconfiguration in real time
Cost reduction and

more flexibility
High availability
Page 30
PROFINET Scope
Network
Engineering
and
Maintenance
Component
Based
Automation
Manufacture
materials
handing
storage
Wireless
Integration
with
Fieldbus
Deterministic
real-time
Decentralized
Periphery
operation
Motion
Control
Safety
and
Security
WEB
integration
Asset
Management
Process
Control
Page 31
Functional Safety
with PROFINET
PROFINET also offers safety oriented
communication that allows for integrating safety
oriented components.
A second 'safety fieldbus' is not necessary.
ProfiSafe V2 is certified according to IEC61158
Safety Integrity Level 3 (SIL3).
ProfiSafe is a profile that can run over PROFIBUS
or PROFINET.
Page 32
Functional Safety
with PROFINET
Safety
application
Standard
application
Safety
application
Standard
application
PROFISAFE
layer
PROFISAFE
layer
Standard
PROFINET
protocol
Standard
PROFINET
protocol
Ethernet
PROFIsafe
layer
PROFINET
Blackchannel
PROFIsafe V2 provides functional safety for both

PROFIBUS and PROFINET systems.
Suitable for use in SIL3 applications.
Page 33
Conformance Classes
Node Classes
IO Device
IO Controller
IO Supervisor
Application Classes
IRT Application
NON IRT Application
Communication Classes
NRT
RT
IRT
Performance Classes
1
MinDeviceInterval
2
MinDeviceInterval
3
MinDeviceInterval
.
.
.
Conformance Classes
8ms
2ms
1ms
Page 34
Industrial Acceptance
and Applications
PROFINET builds on the success of PROFIBUS and
ensures a future for both.
PROFINET has been in development for about 12
years.
Take up of Industrial Ethernet has been slower than
initially predicted.
PROFIBUS is still growing exponentially currently
over 30 million devices installed.
Over 2 million PROFINET devices are currently
installed currently growing at about 40% per year!
Page 35
Industrial Acceptance
and Applications
In 2004, AIDA, a
consortium of the big
four European automotive
manufactures announced
adoption of PROFINET as
the industry standard.
The main reasons for this decision were reported to
be:
The integration of safety-related information,

The simple integration of existing PROFIBUS and Interbus
systems.
Page 36
Some Myths about

PROFINET
PROFIBUS runs at up to 12Mbit/s, whereas

PROFINET runs at 100Mbit/s. Therefore
PROFINET is about 8 times faster than PROFIBUS.
NOT TRUE!
PROFINET gives very similar performance to
PROFIBUS.
PROFINET will replace PROFIBUS in the next five
years.
NOT TRUE!
PROFINET will replace some PROFIBUS DP
devices, but PROFIBUS PA will continue.
Both DP and PA will be supported for many years
to come.
Page 37
Some Myths about

PROFINET
PROFINET is not standard Ethernet

NOT TRUE!
PROFINET always uses completely standard
Ethernet. It just doesnt always use TCP/IP
protocols only for not time critical
communications.
PROFINET systems can be maintained by out IT
people.
TRUE, BUT NOT A GOOD IDEA!
PROFINET is much more than just an IT network.
Real time determinism, reliability, device
diagnostics and security are all much more
important than on IT systems
Page 38
PROFINET problems
It is widely accepted that 90% of all PROFIBUS
problems are caused by poor layout and installation.
PROFINET will generally reduce these physical-layer
problems because all Ethernet wiring is point-to-point
(only two devices on a cable).
However, it will not eliminate wiring problems.
We will still see problems with routing, interference
pickup, grounding etc. etc.
Software problems may be more common since the range
of protocols used is very extensive.
The problems associated with Industrial Ethernet
systems are quite different to those in IT.
people with IT experience need additional training.
Page 39
PROFINET use one bus

for all your tasks!
Automation topologies with PROFINET
PG/PC
HMI
PLC
IWLAN
Diagnostics
Motion
Control
Field device
Drive
Web/TCP/IP
AccessPoint
Field device
Page 40

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Overview and Applications

Most slides courtesy

is completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).

PROFINET is NOT PROFIBUS over Ethernet!

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol,

PROFINET Application Layer

Standard Fast Ethernet

DP cyclic functions (DPV0)

Layers (3) to (6)

Fieldbus Data Link (FDL)

PROFINET features standard TCP/IP communications

The Real-Time channel is used for time-critical data:

The PROFINET application layer protocol is defined

Configuration like PROFIBUS

PROFIBUS DP has same response time for all Slaves

Peer to peer (multicast)

Consumer- Provider relations have to be configured

equivalent PROFIBUS DPV2

Standardised module and channel-related diagnostics,

Alarm! diagnostics message available

reading the diagnostics in IO Supervisor

IO Controller integrates exchanged

loading the device name via

Link Layer Discovery Protocol

LLDP/ SNMP is part of

Link Layer Discovery Protocol

switch1 announces via SNMP:

Link Layer Discovery Protocol

switch1 announces via SNMP:

Link Layer Discovery Protocol

Standard communications (IT)

TCP/IP for standard communications, achieving

RT and IRT communications are totally compatible

PROFINET Flexible network

Benefits and added value for our customers

Cost reduction and

PROFIsafe V2 provides functional safety for both

The integration of safety-related information,

Some Myths about

PROFIBUS runs at up to 12Mbit/s, whereas

Some Myths about

PROFINET is not standard Ethernet

PROFINET use one bus

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