Geographic

Region/Continent

Adjective

Noun

Africa

African

Asia

Asian

Europe

European
Central
American
Middle Eastern
North African
South American
Southeast Asian

Central America
Middle East
North Africa
South America
Southeast Asia
Country or region
Afghanistan
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Austria
Australia
Bangladesh
Belarus
Belgium
Bolivia
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Brazil
Britain
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Central African
Republic
Chad
China
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
the Czech Republic
Democratic
Republic of the

Adjective
Afghan
Algerian
Angolan
Argentine
Austrian
Australian
Bangladeshi
Belarusian
Belgian
Bolivian

an African* (an African person, someone

from Africa)
an Asian* (an Asian person, someone from
Asia)
a European
a Central American
a Middle Easterner
a North African
a South American
a Southeast Asian person
Noun

an Afghan
an Algerian
an Angolan
an Argentine
an Austrian
an Australian
a Bangladeshi
a Belarusian
a Belgian
a Bolivian

Bosnian/Herzegovinian a Bosnian/a Herzegovinian

Brazilian
British
Bulgarian
Cambodian
Cameroonian
Canadian

a Brazilian
a Briton (informally: a Brit)
a Bulgarian
a Cambodian
a Cameroonian
a Canadian

Central African

a Central African

Chadian
Chinese
Colombian
Costa Rican
Croatian
Czech

a Chadian
a Chinese person
a Colombian
a Costa Rican
a Croat
a Czech person
a Congolese person (note: this refers to people
from the Republic of the Congo as well)

Congolese

Country or region
Adjective
Congo
Denmark
Danish
Ecuador
Ecuadorian
Egypt
Egyptian
El Salvador

Salvadoran

England
Estonia
Ethiopia
Finland
France
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Guatemala
Holland
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Ivory Coast
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan

English
Estonian
Ethiopian
Finnish
French
German
Ghanaian
Greek
Guatemalan
Dutch
Honduran
Hungarian
Icelandic
Indian
Indonesian
Iranian
Iraqi
Irish
Israeli
Italian
Ivorian
Jamaican
Japanese
Jordanian

Kazakhstan

Kazakh

Kenya

Kenyan

Laos

Lao

Latvia
Libya
Lithuania
Madagascar
Malaysia
Mali

Latvian
Libyan
Lithuanian
Malagasy
Malaysian
Malian

Noun
a Dane
an Ecuadorian
an Egyptian
a Salvadoran (also accepted are Salvadorian &
Salvadorean)
an Englishman/Englishwoman
an Estonian
an Ethiopian
a Finn
a Frenchman/Frenchwoman
a German
a Ghanaian
a Greek
a Guatemalan
a Dutchman/Dutchwoman
a Honduran
a Hungarian
an Icelander
an Indian
an Indonesian
an Iranian
an Iraqi
an Irishman/Irishwoman
an Israeli
an Italian
an Ivorian
a Jamaican
a Japanese person
a Jordanian
a Kazakhstani (used as a noun, "a Kazakh"
refers to an ethnic group, not a nationality)
a Kenyan
a Laotian (used as a noun, "a Lao" refers to an
ethnic group, not a nationality)
a Latvian
a Libyan
a Lithuanian
a Malagasy
a Malaysian
a Malian

Country or region
Adjective
Mauritania
Mauritanian
Mexico

Mexican

Morocco
Namibia
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Norway
Oman

Moroccan
Namibian
Nicaraguan
Nigerien
Nigerian
Norwegian
Omani

Pakistan

Pakistani

Panama
Paraguay
Peru
The Philippines
Poland
Portugal

Panamanian
Paraguayan
Peruvian
Philippine
Polish
Portuguese

Republic of the
Congo

Congolese

Romania
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Scotland
Senegal

Romanian
Russian
Saudi, Saudi Arabian
Scottish
Senegalese

Serbia

Serbian

Singapore
Slovakia
Somalia
South Africa

Singaporean
Slovak
Somalian
South African

Spain

Spanish

Sudan
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Thailand
Tunisia
Turkey

Sudanese
Swedish
Swiss
Syrian
Thai
Tunisian
Turkish

Noun
a Mauritanian
a Mexican* (may be offensive in the USA. Use
"someone from Mexico" instead.)
a Moroccan
a Namibian
a Nicaraguan
a Nigerien
a Nigerian
a Norwegian
an Omani
a Pakistani* (may be offensive in the UK. Use
"someone from Pakistan" instead.)
a Panamanian
a Paraguayan
a Peruvian
a Filipino* (someone from the Philippines)
a Pole* (someone from Poland, a Polish person)
a Portuguese person
a Congolese person (note: this refers to people
from the Democratic Republic of the Congo as
well)
a Romanian
a Russian
a Saudi, a Saudi Arabian
a Scot
a Senegalese person
a Serbian (used as a noun, "a Serb" refers to an
ethnic group, not a nationality
a Singaporean
a Slovak
a Somalian
a South African
a Spaniard* (a Spanish person, someone from
Spain)
a Sudanese person
a Swede
a Swiss person
a Syrian
a Thai person
a Tunisian
a Turk

Country or region
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
The United Arab
Emirates
The United States
Uruguay
Vietnam
Wales
Zambia
Zimbabwe

Adjective
Turkmen
Ukranian

Noun
a Turkmen / the Turkmens
a Ukranian

Emirati

an Emirati

American
Uruguayan
Vietnamese
Welsh
Zambian
Zimbabwean

an American
a Uruguayan
a Vietnamese person
a Welshman/Welshwoman
a Zambian
a Zimbabwean

Cities also can be transformed into adjectives and nouns, although they are highly irregular
and the nominal form is not always agreed upon (there may be several). Some examples of
transformed city names are below.
City
Adjective
Noun
Paris
Parisian
a Parisian
New York New York a New Yorker
Sydney
Sydney
a Sydney-sider
London
London
a Londoner
So Paulo So Paulo a Paulistano
New Delhi New Delhi a Delhiite
Cape Town Cape Town a Capetonian