International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT) 285

Volume 2 Issue 8, November 2014, ISSN No.: 2348 8190

Design and Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for WiMAX for better
performance
Kaushal S. Yadav, Dipak K. Bhagat, Pooja Banwani, Priyanka Jain,
Shally Goyal (A.P)
Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering
Amity university-M.P

ABSTRACT
The study of microstrip patch antennas has made great
progress in recent years. In this paper we designed a
microstrip patch antenna with compact size of
4528mm2at resonant frequency 2.5 GHz . The antenna
is mainly intended to be used for WiMAX (2.2-3.4 GHz)
. In this paper we use stubs and circular slot on patch for
getting better performance. The proposed antenna is
designed and simulated on HFSS software.

In this paper, the microstrip patch antenna has been

designed to operate at a center frequency of 2.5 GHz
with an input impedance of 50 and thickness (h) of
4.56 mm. For microstrip antennas, the dielectric
constants are usually in the range of 2.2<reff<12. Fig
1(a) shows the geometry of antenna. The length (L) and
width (W) of patch is one-half the substrate length (2L)
and width (2W). [1]

Keywords-Terms- Microstrip patch antenna, stub,slot.

I.

INTRODUCTION

These days, there is a very large demand by the end user

for integrated wireless digital applications [4]. A new
standard known as WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability
for Microwave access) has been established by the IEEE
802.16 working group. WiMax theoretically can have
coverage of up to 50 km radius. WiMax antennas have
aroused high interest in recent years. Researchers are
focusing on how to design antennas for this technology.
it has three allocated frequency bands. In this antenna we
use FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant 4.4 and
height 4.56. [1], [4], [5]

II.

Fig-1(a)
Fig 1(b) shows the structure of the proposed microstrip
patch antenna. There is a lumped port for the excitation
of the antenna. The line impedence of the antenna is 50
. The variables of the antenna and there values are
shown in Table I.

DESIGNING OF PATCH ANTENNA

WITH STUBS

A microstrip antenna and its coordinate system are

illustrated in Fig.1(b). The microstrip antenna that has
the patch length L along the y -axis and the patch width
W along the x -axis is located on the surface of a
grounded dielectric substrate with the thickness of h.
The three essential parameters for the design of a
Microstrip patch antenna are frequency of operation (fo),
dielectric constant of the substrate (r) and height of
dielectric substrate (h). The di-electric material of the
substrate (r) selected for this design is Flame Retardant
4 (FR-4).

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Fig-1(b)
Structure of microstrip patch antenna with stubs

International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT) 286

Volume 2 Issue 8, November 2014, ISSN No.: 2348 8190
Table-1 Antenna Parameters
Antenna
Variables
Values
(mm)

III.

IV.

Lf

Gpf

Wf

fi

45

24

18

14.5

4.56

MODIFIED MICROSTRIP PATCH

ANTENNA

In this paper, our aim is to increase the performance of

an antenna for WIMAX application. The resonance
frequency of the designed antenna is 2.5GHz.

SIMULATION RESULTS

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), S-parameter and

Bandwidth
VSWR is a function of the reflection coefficient, which
describes the power reflected from the antenna. The
condition for perfect matching is possible when VSWR
is 1.
Fig 1(c) Show the VSWR value of the antenna is 1.05 at
2.5 GHz. These values reveal that the proposed antenna
has very low reflection co-efficient.
Voltage standing wave Ratio(VSWR)

Fig-2(a)
Table-2 Antenna Parameters
Antenna
Variables

Lf

Gpf

Wf

fi

Values
(mm)

45

24

18

14.5

2.2

5.3

Fig. 1(c) VSWR at 2.5 GHz

Return loss is the loss of power in the signal returned by
a discontinuity in a transmission line. This discontinuity
can be a mismatch with the terminating load. the
maximum return loss is -30.774dB at 2.5GHz. that is the
resonant frequency.
S-Parameter Magnitude in dB

Fig-2(b) VSWR at 2.5 GHz

Fig 2(b) Shows the VSWR value that is 1.2 at 2.5 GHz.
These values reveal that antenna has very low reflection
co-efficient.

Fig. 1 (d) S11 at 2.5 GHz

Fig-2(c) S11 at 2.5 GHz
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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT) 287

Volume 2 Issue 8, November 2014, ISSN No.: 2348 8190

V.

RESULTS

VI.

In this paper, Improved performance of a patch antenna

achieved by introducing a circular slot at the center and
by increasing the length of stubs also varying the
substrate height.
Table-3 Antenna Parameters
Antenna
parameters
VSWR
Return Loss (dB)

Antenna
With Stubs
(at 2.5 GHz)
1.05
-30.77

Modified
microstrip
Patch antenna
1.2
-19.54

CONCLUSION

A microstrip patch antenna is designed and simulated in

the HFSS Software. The proposed antenna can be
embedded in mobile devices for the purposes of mobile
WiMAX operations due to its very small size and
weight. This antenna has a very good gain, directivity,
return loss and VSWR. It can be used in the mobile
devices for WiMAX applications. In modified antenna
we are reducing losses beyond the resonant frequency. In
future work , we will carried out for antennas with
feeding techniques

REFERENCE

Fig-3(a) VSWR at 2.5 GHz

[1] Md. Ashikur Rahman, Moinul Hossain, Ibnul Sanjid

Iqbal , Syed Sobhan Design and Performance Analysis
of A Dual-bandMicrostrip Patch Antenna for Mobile
WiMAX,WLAN, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Applications
3rd
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
INFORMATICS, ELECTRONICS & VISION 2014
[2] Kuldeep K. Parashar, V.K. Singh, Ratnesh Tiwari
Microstrip Patch Antenna for WiMax/WLAN
Applications Advance Physics Letter2349-1108.vol_
Issue_1.2014
[3] Norfishah Ab Wahab, Zulkifli Bin Maslan, Wan
Norsyafizan W. Muhamad, Norhayati Hamzah
Microstrip Rectangular 4x1 Patch Array Antenna at
2.5GHz for WiMax Application 2010 Second
International Conference on Computational Intelligence,
Communication Systems and Networks
[4] Balanis CA. Antenna theory, analysis and design.
New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1997.
[5]
John
D.
Kraus
&
Keith
R.
Carver Electromagnetics McGraw-Hill Inc.

Fig-3(b) Minimum S Parameter value at 2.5 GHz

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