Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
org
http://mrunal.org/2015/04/diplomacy-middle-east-iran-nuclear-deal-operation-raahat.html
1. Prologue
2. Iran-US Deal: Various Names
1. Salient Features of the Deal
2. Why Iran and West Agreed?
3. Indian interest in E3+3 deal
4. Chinese Interests?
3. Operation Raahat Fateh Ali Khan
1. Reasons for conflict:
2. Features of Op.Raahat:
3. Challenges in Op.Raahat
4. Lessons for future
Prologue
Since December 2014 Week1, Ive been preparing weekly current affairs file in MS-Excel.
But these two topics: (1)Iran-West nuke deal and (2) Op. Raahat became too large. Its inconvenient to
read within excel. Hence Im extracting them out into this separate article under diplomacy section.
As such this article is not among the best of my work. Due to paucity of time, and lack of teammates, Ive
just organized points from newspapers without doing much research. e.g capital cities, timelines,
background etc.
This is only meant as quick reference for UPSC interview. This is not a full fledged prelim cum mains cum
interview article.
Iran-US Deal: Various Names
E3+3 deal
UNSC P5+1
Lausanne agreement
All of them one and same, meant to control Irans nuke program for next 10-15 years, so they cant produce
nuclear bomb.
1. Iran can run nuke facilities for civilian / peaceful purpose only.
2. IAEA to have full inspection powers.
3. Spent fuel wont be reprocessed, itll be exported.
4. Overall no. of centrifuges to be reduced.
5. Only 1 enrichment facility at Natanz.
6. Fordow facility will be turned into a research centre.
7. Araks heavy water reactor will be modified so it cant produce plutonium.
Why Iran and West Agreed?
Iran agreed
1. Iran can help India counter terror groups Jundullah, LeT, Haqqani, Al-Qaeda, Taliban, ISI and Pak.Army.
2. India can easily develop Irans Chabahar port and gain land route entry to Afghanistan, to counter Chinese
influence from Lianyungang port and Silk road / belt initiative.
3. We can develop Irans Bandar Abbas port, and International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC) to
connect with CIS, Europe, Russia. It cut down time and cost in shipping from Mumbai to Astrakhan,
Russia. INSTC was planned in 2000, it has Iran, India, Russia + 9 other countries.
4. If #3 is done, we can get raw material and export finished goods to CIS and via CIS to EU. (Foreign Trade
policy 2015 wants this).
5. Iran can provide steady oil and gas supply to India, because Iran has worlds 4th largest oil and 2nd largest
natural gas reserves.
6. Indian fertilizer cos can invest in Irans gas based plants. Remember Natural gas to CH3 to NH3 to Urea
connection.
7. Defense ties in long term; but with Challenges. Because If we cozy up too much with Iran then Saudi,
Israel and USA wont like it. Not ONE BIT. Therefore, India will have to balance 3 legged three-legged stool
with different sized legs.
Chinese Interests?
1. They always supported Iran during sanction years, so now time to reap rewards by signing contracts e.g.
new oil line from Gwadar Port (Pakistan) to Iran.
2. China wants Iran to join silk belt/road initiative and AIIB.
3. Even Pak. Interested to align with Iran instead of Saudi, therefore Pak Parliament recently declined to give
military support to Saudis campaign in Yemen to fight against Huthi rebels. Because Iran is supporting
Huthis rebels.
Features of Op.Raahat:
1. Minister of State for Overseas Indian Affairs General (Retd.) V.K. Singh to oversee operations from Djibouti
port.
2. INS Sumitra shifted from anti-piracy ops to rescue op in Djibouti. INS Mumbai, Tarkash also supported.
3. Two IAF C-17 Globemasters and two Air India flights also arranged.
4. So total 3 ships x 4 planes. (or may be more, who has time to count every ship for exam!)
5. MEA kept in touch with Yemenis Government and rebels for a safe passage of Indians. Modi calls up the
new Saudi king Salman Bin Abdul Aziz to help out.
6. We saved 500+ civilians from 17+ nations, including Pakistan. Pak also saved few Indians and Modi
thanked Sharif for it. This soft diplomacy will help in long run.
Challenges in Op.Raahat
1. Saudi began air-strikes on March 26, so India should have begun rescue operation sooner. Indian
Government says people were warned in advance, but they did not move out quickly.
2. As such MEA told Indians to leave Yemen in Jan 2015 itself but most did not because
1. their passports/visas were in custody of their employer
2. Economic/financial reasons- person doesnt want to lose job / wages
3. Logistics and technical issues such as fuelling the ships, getting visa clearances etc.