auto-electrician:

Who are they and what do they do? An auto-electrician installs, adjusts and repairs electrical and
electronic parts in motor vehicles.
What are the activities of the job? Installs adjusts and repairs, e.g. direct-current generators,
alternators, starters, fuel pumps and voltage regulators. S/he also identifies defects in electronic control
systems and replaces the defective elements and components with new ones. S/he works with electronic
components and circuits, measures different electric variables.

bank clerk (client service):

Who are they and what do they do? The task of a bank clerk is to serve clients and perform related
tasks.
What are the activities of the job? Dealing with clients and informing them about banking services
available - advising them about the possibilities and conditions for credit provision - opening, keeping and
administering clients' accounts in local and foreign currencies - processing cash and cash-less operations issuing cheque books and payment cards and keeping records of them - administrative activities connected
to services to clients and to the bank's other business.

computer network manager:

Who are they and what do they do? The network administrator ensures the operability of the computer
network at an organisation or a group of organisations.
What are the activities of the job? Removes any problems, or orders services from a specialist firm;
ensures data protection and backup and virus protection; adjusts network operation to the requirements of
its users; installs new computers and their accessories and new software and trains users; arranges for the
installation of new computers and accessories and of new software and for connection of the network to the
Internet or to the internal network of the organisation.

dentist

A
deals with the care and treatment of human teeth. The job may be done in both state-owned
and private dental outpatients' departments, at health establishments, providing dental services

farmer:
Who are they and what do they do? The task of a farmer is to grow crops or raise animals for food on
his/her own farm and sell them on the market for agricultural goods.

flight engineer:
Who are they and what do they do? The flight engineer checks the technical condition of aircraft and
that fuel reserves are complete and correct.

hotel receptionist (receptionist):

Who are they and what do they do? The receptionist runs the reception desk, i.e. the place where
guests make their first contact with the hotel or any other kind of institution that offers accommodation.

the doctor (doctor):

Who are they and what do they do? The doctor's task is to treat people and to prevent the development
of their diseases. The doctor's work is always a specialised role (general practitioner, paediatrician, intern,
orthopaedic surgeon, paediatrician, gynaecologist, geriatrician, pathologist, anaesthetist, and so on).

A BRIEF NOTE ON INDIAN CONSTITUTION

The task of framing the Constitution of India was given to the Constituent Assembly. The
inaugural meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held on December 9, 1946. Dr
Sachidananda Sinha was elected provisional Chairman of the Constituent Assembly. On
December 11, 1946, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as Permanent Chairman of the
Constituent Assembly.
The Constitution of India was enacted, signed and adopted by the ConstituentAssembly on
November 26, 1949.
On January 26, 1950, the Constitution of India came into force on which date India also
became a Republic.
Indian constitution makes detailed provisions for the following:
Citizenship,Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, Structure of the
Government, Parliament and State Legislatures, Supreme Court and High Courts,
Relationship between the Union and the States, Services,Official Language and various other
matters of basic importance.
Salient Features of Constitution
1.Longest written constitution in the world.
2. Consists of 22 Chapters, over 395 Articles and 12 Schedules.
3. It proclaims India to be a Sovereign Democratic Republic.
4. Fundamental Rights are guaranteed to all citizens of India.
5. Directive Principles of State Policy are incorporated.
6. It establishes the parliamentary system of government.
7. President of the Union is the constitutional head, the Council of Ministers or the Union
Cabinet is the real executive and is responsible to the Lok Sabha.
8. It is federal in form but unitary in spirit.
9. It is neither too rigid (as some provisions can be amended by a simple majority) nor
flexible (as some provisions require special majority for amendment).
10. It declares India a secular state.
11. It guarantees single citizenship to all citizens.
12. It introduces adult franchise, i.e., every adult above 18 years has the right to vote and
the system of joint electorates.
13. It establishes an independent judiciary; the Supreme Court acts as a guardian of the
Constitution in place of the Privy Council.
THE PREAMBLE
The draft of the Preamble was prepared by Jawaharlal Nehru and is based on the American
model. The 42nd Amendment added the words Secular and Socialist and now the preamble
reads as follows.
We the People of India, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a Sovereign
Socialist Secular Democratic Republic and to secure to all its citizens
Justice, social, economic and political;
Liberty, of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;
Equality, of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all;
Fraternity, assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation;
In our Constituent Assembly, this twenty sixth day of November, 1949, do hereby adopt,
enact and give to ourselves this constitution.
CITIZENSHIP
The Constitution of India provides for a single citizenship for the whole of India. Every
person who was at the commencement of the Constitution (26 January 1950) domiciled in
the territory of India and (a) who was born in India; or (b) either of whose parents was born
in India; or (c) who has been ordinarily resident in India for not less than five years became
a citizen of India. The Citizenship Act, 1955, deals with matters relating to acquisition,

determination and termination of Indian citizenship after the commencement of the

Constitution.
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
1. Right to Equality-The right to equality includes equality before law, prohibition of
discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth and equality of
opportunity in matters of employment and abolition of untouchability.
2. Right to Freedom-The right to freedom includes freedom of speech and expression;
right to assemble peacefully and without arms, formation, association or union; free
movement throughout the territory of India; residence and the right to practice any
profession or occupation; control and disposal of property.
3. Right Against Exploitation-The right against exploitation all forms of forced labour,
prohibits child labour and traffic in human beings.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion -The right to freedom of religion contains religious
freedom to all. All persons are entitled to freedom of conscience and the right to profess,
practice and propagate religion freely.
5. Cultural and Educational Rights-It includes right of any section of the citizens to
conserve their culture, language or script and right of minorities to establish and administer
educational institutions of their choice.
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies- This right guarantees the right to constitutional
remedies to the citizens for enforcement of their Fundamental Rights.
[Note: The right to property was also one of the fundamental rights, according to the
original Constitution. This right was omitted by the 44th Amendment Act in December,
1978. It is now only a legal right.]
FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
Duties of a citizen of India were not included in the original constitution. These have been
added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. There are ten Fundamental Duties:
1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and Institutions, the National
Flag and the National Anthem;
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for
freedom;
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the
people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional diversities; to
renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers
and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures;
8. To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;
9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence; and
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so
that the nation constantly rises to higher level of endeavour and achievement.
DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY
To secure the right of all men and women to an adequate means of livelihood;

To ensure equal pay for equal work;

To make effective provision for securing the right to work, education and to public
assistance in the event of unemployment old age, sickness and disablement;
To secure to workers a living wage, humane conditions of work, a decent standard of
life, etc;

To ensure that the operation of the economic system does not result in the
concentration of wealth;
To provide opportunities and facilities for children to develop in a healthy manner;
To provide free and compulsory education for all children up to 14 years of age;
To promote educational and economic interest of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes
and other weaker sections;
To organize village panchayats ;
To separate judiciary from the executive;
To promulgate a uniform civil code for the whole country;
To protect national monuments ;
To promote justice on a basis of equal opportunity;
To provide free legal aid;
To protect and improve environment and forests and wildlife;
To promote international peace and security;
To promulgate a uniform civil code for the whole country;
To settle international disputes by arbitration.