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AIM:
To plot the characteristics of an SCR and also find the forward
resistance, holding current and latching current.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
THEORY:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
1. V-I Characteristics:
2. To find VG/IG:
EXPECTED GRAPH:
RESULT:
= Vb2 = ------------------
VIVA VOCE:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
THEORY:
A power MOSFET is voltage controlled device and requires only a
small input current. The switching N speed is very high and a switching
time is of order of nanoseconds. They are finding increasing application
in low power high frequency converters. MOSFETS have the problem of
second break down phenomenon as do BJTS. However, MOSFET have
the problems of electrostatic discharge and require special care in
handling MOSFETS are of two types (1) Depletion MOSFETS (2)
Enhancement MOSFETS. Let us discuss n-channel depletion type
MOSFET type MOSFET, which is formed on a P-type silicon subtract,
with two heavily doped n silicon for low resistance connections. The
gate is isolated from the channel by thin oxide layer. If will have they
terminal gate, drain and source. The substrate is normally connected
to source.
Transfer characteristics:
TABULAR COLUMN:
Initially set V2 to VGS 1 = 3.5 volts. Slowly vary V1 and note down
ID and VDS. For a particular value of VGS1 there is a pinch off voltage
(Vp) between drain and source as shown in figure.
If VDS is lower than VP. The device works in the constant resistance
region and ID is directly proportional to VDS if VDS is more than Vp.
Constant ID flows from the device and this operating region is called
constant current region.
Repeat the above for different values of VGS and note down ID v/s
VDS
Draw the graph of ID v/s VDS for different values of VGS.
TABULAR COLUMN:
RESULT:
2. Gm = ∆ ID/∆VDS =…….
VIVA VOCE:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
Transfer characteristics:
TABULAR COLUMN:
values.
TABULAR COLUMN:
VIVAVOCE:
AIM:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
2. Diodes : 1N4007
3. Diacs : D3202 U
4. Zeners : 20 V, 1W
5. UJTs : 2N2646
THEORY:
This is the most commonly used method for triggering SCR’s. In
laboratories almost all the SCR devices are triggered by this process.
By applying the positive signal at the gate terminal of the device, it
can be triggered much before the specified break over voltage.
The conduction period of the SCR can be controlled by varying
the gate signal within specified values of the maximum and minimum
gate currents.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
1. Make the connections as per the circuit diagram.
2. Vary the control pot and observe the voltage wave
forms across load, SCR and at different points in the
circuit, using oscilloscope.
3. Draw the wave forms in the graph at firing angles
0o,45o, 90o, 135oand 180o.
TABULAR COLUMN:
PRECAUTIONS:
VIVA VOCE:
AIM:
To study the module and wave forms of a 1Ф center tapped cyclo
- converter with R and RL loads.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SPECIFICATIONS:
2. Load : 15 A
THEORY:
In a single phase cyclo - converter employing a center tapped
transformer has four thyristers, namely T1,T2,T3,T4 Out of four SCR’s,
SCR’s,T1,T2 are responsible for generating there positive halves forming
the positive group. The other two SCR’s T3&T4 are responsible for
producing negative halves forming the negative group. This
configuration is meant for generating 1/3 of the input frequency i.e this
generates a frequency of 16 2/3 Hz at its output.
Depending upon the polarities of the transformer, SCR’S are gated.
Natural commutation process is used for turning off the SCR’S.
the circuit configuration is analyzed for purely resistive load.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
PRECAUTIONS:
VIVA VOCE:
SPECIFICATIONS:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
TABULAR COLUMN:
PRECAUTIONS:
1. Make sure all the connecting links are tightly fixed.
2. Ensure all the controlling knobs in fully counter clock wise
position before starting experiment.
3. Handle everything with care.
4. Make sure the firing pulses are proper before connecting to
the power circuit.
5. If the output is zero even after all power connections,
switch OFF the MCB and just interchange AC input
connections to the power circuit this is to make the firing
circuit and the power circuit to synchronize.
RESULTS:
VIVA VOCE:
Expected Waveforms
5. SINGLE PHASE PARALLEL INVERTER
AIM:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. 1- φ parallel inverter firing circuit and power circuit unit
THEORY:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
VIVA VOCE:
1) Define inverter.
2) Explain different types of inverters.
3) Difference between inverter and converter.
6. FORCED COMMUTATION CIRCUITS
AIM:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SPECIFICATIONS:
THEORY:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
1. Switch ON the mains supply to the firing circuit. Observe the trigger
outputs in the firing circuit by varying frequency potentiometer and
duty cycle potentiometer. Make sure the firing pulses are proper
before connecting to the power circuit.
2. Check the DC power supply between the DC input
points.
3. Check the resistance between anode and cathode
of all SCRs.
4. Check the resistance between the Gate and
cathode of SCRs.
5. Check the diode and Transistor and their
polarities.
6. Check the fuse in series with the DC input.
7. Make sure that all the components are good and
firimg pulses are correct before starting the experiment.
CLASS A&B:
VIVA VOCE:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. Jone’s chopper firing circuit unit and power circuit
unit
2. Loading Rheostat : 50 Ohms, 2A.
3. Loading Inductor : 50 mH,
4. DC motor load (RLE) : 220V, 1hp, Field 220V,
@2A
5. 20MHz dual trace oscilloscope with 1:10 BNC
probes.
SPECIFICATIONS:
1. Input : 0 -230V 1-φ AC supply.
2. Load : R, RL and RLE loads.
3. Thyristor : 25A, 1200V, type 25 RIA 120.
4. Diodes : 25A, 1200V.
5. Communicating capacitors : 25µ f, 440 V.
6. Commutating Inductor : 500 – 0 - 500µ H, 10A.
7. MCB : Two pole 230V/16A.
8. Fuses : 16A HRC.
THEORY:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
PRECAUTIONS:
TABULAR COLUMN:
Output Output
S.N Input Ton( Toff( Duty
voltage current
O voltage(V) s) s) cycle (%)
(V) (A)
EXPECTED WAVEFORMS:
RESULT:
VIVA VOCE:
1) Define chopper.
2) Types of choppers.
3) Explain the operation of DC Jones chopper.
8. SINGLE PHASE HALF CONTROLLED BRIDGE
CONVERTER
AIM:
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
Specifications:
THEORY:
TABULAR COLUMN:
VIVA VOCE:
AIM:
To study lamp dimmer circuit using Diac and Triac.
APPARATUS:
THEORY:
A DIAC is a two electrode, bidirectional avalanche diode which can be
switched from the off state to the on state for either polarity of applied
voltage. The two leads are labeled as terminals T1 and T2 instead of
the conventional anode-cathode designations. DIAC is mainly used as a
trigger device for triacs which require either positive or negative gate
pulse to turn on. DIAC-TRIAC pairs are available in the market for
various types of control circuits. Two thyristors may be connected in
inverse parallel, but at moderate power levels the two antiparallel
thyristors can be integrated into a single device structure.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
OBSER VATIONS :
IN PUT
FIRING ANGLE FIRNG ANGLE
VOLTAGE
S L NO. θ RAD θ°
Expected Waveforms:
RESULT:
VIVA VOCE:
1) What is DIAC.
2) What is TRIAC.
3) Dereference between DIAC and TRIAC.
10. STUDY OF MORGANS CHOPPER
AIM:
To study the module and wave form for DC Morgans chopper.
APPARATUS:
THEORY:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
OBSERVATIONS:
RESULT:
VIVA VOCE:
1) Define chopper.
Types of choppers.
Explain the operation of MORGAN’s chopper.
AIM:
To study the principle of half wave and full wave phase control
using RC triggered Circuits and SCR.
APPARATUS:
THEORY:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
OBSERVATIONS:
RESULT:
VIVA VOCE:
APPARATUS:
THEORY:
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
PROCEDURE:
OBSERVATIONS:
VIVA VOCE: