Instituto Politcnico Nacional

Escuela superior de ingeniera qumica e industrias extrctivas

DIQI

Laboratorio de Termodinmica del equilibrio Qumico

Practica: VARIACION DE TEMPERATURA

Alumno: Segura Ceuleneer Diego

Gpo: 2IM41

Tabla de datos experimentales

Temperatura
C
19
29
39
49
59
69
79
89

pH.
2.44
2.34
2.20
2.03
1.8
1.71
1.6
1.24

Calculo de la concentracin de iones

hidrogeno

Clculo del valor de la

constante de equilibrio
2

+
H

Ka=

x
Cx

Ka1

0.00363

Ka2

0.00457 2

Ka3

0.00631

H1=10-2.44= 0.00363

H2=10-2.34=0.00457

H3=10-2.20=0.00631

H4=10-2.03=0.00933

0.009332
Ka4 =
=0.000961
0.10.00933

H5=10-1.80=0.01580

0.01580
Ka5 =
=0.002985
0.10.01580

H6=10-1.71=0.01940

0.019402
Ka6 =
=0.004723
0.10.01940

H7=10-1.60=0.02510

0.02512
Ka7 =
=0.008426
0.10.0251

H8=10-1.24=0.05754

Para obtener

0.057542
Ka8 =
=0.07797
0.10.05754

H R , se utiliza la ecuacin de Vant Hof

La cual tiene la forma de

H R 1
InK=
+C
R
T

[]

La cual tiene la forma de

Donde

y=InKa ,

y=mx +b

x=

1
T

m=

H R
R

Determinacion de (x,y)

y=InKa

x=

1
T

y 1= ( 0.000137 ) =8.8970

x 1=

1
= 0.003424
292.15 K

y 2= ( 0.000219 )=8.4267

x 2=

1
= 0.003310
302.15 K

y 3= ( 0.000425 ) =7.7636

x 3=

1
= 0.003204
312.15 K

y 4 = ( 0.000961 )=6.9479

x 4=

1
= 0.003104
322.15 K

y 5= ( 0.002985 ) =5.8141

x 5=

1
= 0.003011
332.15 K

y 6= ( 0.004723 ) =5.3553

x 6=

1
= 0.002923
342.15 K

y 7= ( 0.008426 )=4.7764

x 7=

1
= 0.002840
352.15 K

y 8= ( 0.007797 )=2.2267

x 8=

1
= 0.002761
362.15 K

Graficando

Temperatura vs Ka
400

362.15

350
300
250
Temperatura

Valores Y

200
150
100
50
0
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
Constante de equiulibrio Ka

1/T vs In k
0
-1 0

-2
-3
-4
x=1/T

-5

f(x) = - 9121.87x + 21.75

R = 0.92

-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
In k

Haciendo la regresin lineal

y=-9133.3x+21.748

Sustituyendo

y=InKa ,

m=

x=

1
T

H R
m=
R

H R
= -9133.3
R

H R =mR=9133.38.314

J
J
=75934.256
mol k
mol k

Determinacion de la entropa y la energa libre de Gibbs

H R
S0 =
=
T

G=InKRT

S1=

75934.256 J /molK
=259.915 J /mol
292.15 K

G1= ( 0.00137 ) 8.314

S2=

75934.256 J /molK
=251.313 J /mol
302.15 K

G2= ( 0.000219 ) 8.314

J
( 292.15 K ) =216103 J /molK
molK

J
( 302.15 K )
molK

J
( 312.15 K )=20148.3 J /molK
molK

J
( 322.15 K )
molK

21168.6 J/molK
S3=

75934.256 J /molK
=243.262 J /mol
312.15 K

G3= ( 0.000425 ) 8.314

S4 =

75934.256 J /molK
=235.711 J /mol
322.15 K

G4 = ( 0.000961 ) 8.314
18609 J/molK

 S5=

75934.256 J /molK
=228.514 J /mol
332.15 K

J
molK
=221.933 J /mol
342.15 K

75934.256
S6 =

J
( 332.15 K )=16055.8 J /molk
molK

J
(342.15 K ) =
molK

J
(352.15 K ) =13984 J /molK
molK

G5= ( 0.002985 ) 8.314

G6= ( 0.004723 ) 8.314

)
)

15234.1 J/molK

S7 =

75934.256 J /molK
=215.631 J /mol
352.15 K

G7= ( 0.008426 ) 8.314

S8 =

75934.256 J /molK
=209.676 J /mol
362.15 K

G8= ( 0.07787 ) 8.314

J
( 362.15 K ) =6704.63 J /molK
molK