Manuel Lancara

Professor; Jose Mendez

M00299933
Nursing Research
QUESTIONS AND HYPOTHESES
1 The research problem is Defensive Mothering in HIV-Positive Mothers clearly states
what phenomenon the authors studied in their research. The phenomenon of women who
are both HIV-Positive and are mothers is researched to see if there are any similarities
among the women. The problem statement builds a cogent and persuasive argument for
the study. The abstract of the study clearly summarizes the main features of the report,
and it seems to follow the IMRAD format.
2 The problem have significance for nursing because by having this sort of information,
health professionals can combat isolation by providing support and education on how to
prevent, and what to expect of mothers to be with HIV. The mothers need to know that
their concerns are common for women in their circumstances. It is suggested that the
theory of defensive mothering be used to assess women in this situation, and also as the
basis for clinical interventions.
3 There is a good fit between the research problem and the paradigm. The authors used
the grounded theory method to analyze the data collected. Users of this theory try to
understand how people define their reality, and how they act in relation to their beliefs
and realities.
4 The report formally presents a statement of purpose, On page 493, the authors clearly
states the purpose of the study was to add to the literature by providing as explanatory
schema that illuminates the experience of mothers living with HIV infection. This
information is communicated clearly, concisely and it is placed in a logical and useful
location as well as generating substantive theory about the experiences of HIV mothers.
5 Purpose statements and questions wore worded appropriately and key concepts was
identified for example: To explain key concept of defensive , the word is defined in the
Oxford American Dictionary as used or done for defense; in an attitude of defense;
ready to defend oneself against criticism. Variables were easy identifiable because of the
comparison between mothers with HIV and mothers without the virus. The research
tradition was observed in the report, APA style was noticed. However, it is mentioned by
the author that little research or theory exist about the psychosocial aspect of mothering
when HIV positive.
6 The absence of hypothesis is justifiable due to the nature of the research itself.
Statistical test wore not used to analyze the data. The constant comparative method was
used, between mothers with HIV and mothers not infected with the virus. Although, the
data analysis used a theory method using as references: Alonzo,A, & Raynolds N (1995).
Stigma, HIV, and AIDS: An exploration and elaboration of a stigma trajectory. Social
Science & Medicine, 41(3), 303-315. Amongst others.
7 N/A - * As there was no hypotheses, the study conducted may or may not be
inconclusive.

Manuel Lancara
Professor; Jose Mendez
M00299933
Nursing Research
8 N/A- * see above.