Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Of
&
By: Jason Flach
Key:
Names of minerals in the three rock sections
will be italicized
Igneous rocks can be found on the blue
colored pages
Sedimentary rocks can be found on the
green colored pages
Metamorphic rocks can be found on the
orange colored pages
Minerals can be found on the red colored
pages
Igneous
rocks
Granite
Granite is a coarse grained rock, meaning
that the pieces that make it up are 1mm or
larger. Coarse grains are formed because of slow
cooling during formation. Granite contains
mostly quartz and feldspar minerals.
Obsidian
Obsidian is actually volcanic glass that
forms from very rapid cooling. There are no
crystals in this rock because they didnt have
time to form. Molten material comes out of
volcanoes and cools extremely fast.
Andesite
Andesite is a fine grained, extrusive rock.
That means that this rock has grains less than .
25mm in size and was formed on the surface of
the earth. This rock is primarily composed of
plagioclase, but also includes other minerals
like hornblende, biotite, and pyroxene.
Basalt
Basalt is a fine grained, extrusive rock as well.
Basalt is made of primarily pyroxene,
plagioclase feldspar, and sometimes olivine. It
is also formed from rapid cooling, but not as
rapid as obsidian rock.
Sedimentary
Rocks
Limestone
Limestone is a rock mainly composed of
calcium carbonate. This means that it can form
from carbonate material, like shells, coral, or
fecal matter. Limestone is used most commonly
by humans for cement.
Sandstone
Sandstone is a clastic rock, meaning that it is
composed of broken pieces from other rocks.
Sandstone is formed in environments with a lot
of sand, duh! These environments could include
beaches, deserts, flood plains, or deltas.
10
Conglomerate
Conglomerate is a coarse grained, clastic rock
consisting of large round particles. The stuff
holding these large particles together is either
smaller rock particles or cement. The larger
particles are a size greater than 2mm.
11
Flint
Flint is a hard chemical sedimentary rock
that breaks with conchoidal fracture. This
means that when flint breaks, it doesnt
follow any natural planes of separation.
Flint is also a form of quartz and is also
commonly referred to as chert.
12
Metamorphic
Rocks
13
Gneiss
Gneiss is a foliated metamorphic rock,
Fun Fact: Gneiss rocks are some
meaning
that
it earth!
has a banded or layered
of the oldest found
on the
Isnt that nice?
14
Slate
Slate is also a foliated metamorphic rock. It
is formed from the rock shale through heat,
pressure, and chemical processes. This rock
also splits into thin sheets.
15
Schist
Schist is too a foliated metamorphic rock.
Schist often contains a lot of mica, which
allows it to split into thin pieces. The mica
pieces are those that are shiny in the picture
below.
16
Marble
Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock
because it is not banded. It is produced from
the metamorphism of limestone and is
composed mostly of calcium carbonate.
17
Minerals
18
Biotite
Biotite is a group of mica minerals that are
clustered together. It is most commonly
found in igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Biotite is one of the easier minerals to
identify because of its cleavage, making it
very easy to break into thin sheets.
19
Hornblende
Hornblende minerals are a grouping of darkcolored amphibole minerals that can be
found in both igneous and metamorphic
rocks. It has two directions of cleavage and
normally an elongated, blocky look to it.
20
Quartz
Quartz consists of two elements, one part
silicon and two parts oxygen (SiO2). It is
found in all three rock groups, igneous,
sedimentary, and metamorphic. Quartz is
also a very durable mineral, to both
chemical and mechanical weathering.
21
Olivine
Olivine is most typically found in either
mafic or ultra-mafic igneous rocks, meaning
darker colored rocks. Olivine, along with
other minerals usually crystallizes to form
gabbros or basalt. These rocks are most
commonly found at divergent boundaries of
tectonic plates.
22
References:
23
Australiahttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/JackHills_Location.jpg/220pxJackHills_Location.jpg
Page 11:flint-https://s-media-cacheak0.pinimg.com/originals/7e/fa/50/7efa50a87457631f6a192d908c6fc8db.jpg
Fire-http://blog.theclymb.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Caveman-Campfire.jpg
Page 12: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Gneiss.jpg
Page 13: gneiss1-http://flexiblelearning.auckland.ac.nz/rocks_minerals/rocks/images/gneiss2.jpg
Gneiss2http://www.worktopfactoryy.co.uk/portals/22/images/fluff/EncyclopediaImages/Gneiss.jpg
Page 14:slatehttp://www.pitt.edu/~cejones/GeoImages/6MetamorphicRocks/Slate/SlateFourColors.jpg
Pool-http://varsyshost.com/~pooltabl/wp-content/themes/theme1263/images/slider_img/slider1.jpg
Roof-http://www.evergreenslate.com/images/roof-texture.jpg
Page 15:schist-http://www2.newark.ohiostate.edu/facultystaff/personal/jstjohn/Documents/Cool-Rocks/ManhattanSchist_files/image002.jpg
Page 16:marble-http://geology.com/rocks/pictures/marble.jpg
Statuehttp://b68389.medialib.glogster.com/media/5f0eb8e98d17de132a4d0a9b2b00ce147257911b3b5d
29a26226095539751d46/acid-rain-stone-erosion-of-statue-1.jpg
Page 17:minerals-http://www.stepbystep.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Difference-Betweena-Rock-and-Mineral-Mineral.jpg
Page 18:biotite-http://www.daviddarling.info/images/biotite.jpg
Gold-http://www.sagolddiggers.com.au/gallery/gold%20bar.jpg
Page 19:hornblende1- http://www.kristallin.de/gesteine/Hornblende-Rosenberg_v.jpg
Hornblende2- http://www.geologicdesires.com/OKF-453a.jpg
Page 20:quartzhttp://www.healingwithcrystals.net.au/uploads/1/5/5/7/15572098/573739330_orig.jpg?210
24
Earth-http://solarviews.com/raw/earth/bluemarblewest.jpg
Page 21:olivine-http://skywalker.cochise.edu/wellerr/mineral/olivine/6olivine2645.jpg
Meteor-http://8pic.ir/images/70557151523813791047.jpg