/';-=09

)(8*=-0/']

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XIV
THE

COINAGE

OF

PISIDIAN.

ANTIOCH.

(SeePlateXIX.)
The coins here describedbelong to three groups.
(1) During journeys made in connexionwith the Asia
Minor Exploration Fund throughthe region of Pisidian
Antioch during the last thirty-two years, small sets of
coins have been purchased in the villages and towns
from time to time and carefullypreserved. Many of
them were in a very bad condition,and this is naturally
also the case with many of those which belong to the
next group.
(2) During the recent excavations at the Hieron of
Mn Askaenos,near Pisidian Antioch,a certain number
of coins have been found,and many not actually found
in excavation,but coming fromthe neighbourhood,have
been shown to the excavators. By the courtesy of
Sir William Kamsay I have been allowed to examine
practicallyall these coins and make full lists of them
fromtime to time. The bearing of these coins on the
dates of occupation of the site excavated will be discussed afterthe excavation of the city, which may last
forseveral years yet, is completed.
(3) Some coins belonging to the British Museum,but
not published in the Catalogueof Pisidia , are included.
The object of the present paper is to describe a

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300

G. F. HILL.

selection of coins whichare of interest to numismatists

primarily. In one or two cases the provenance enables
us to attributeto the Pisidian colony coins of which the
attributionwould otherwisebe uncertain.
Babelon1 and Imhoof-Blumer2 have restored to
Pisidian Antioch the autonomous coins, with a bust of
Mn on the obverse and a humped bull with antioxe
and various magistrates' names on the reverse,which
had usually been ascribed to the Carian city of the
of this change, it may be
same name. In confirmation
mentionedthat there were at least four of these coins
among those submitted to me. Unfortunatelyall were
quite illegible, except one which appears to read
APAKON.
if furtherconfirmation
The new evidence also confirms,
werenecessary,Imhoof'sattributionto Pisidian Antioch
of the group of coins with eagle on obverse and star on
reverse.3
Three specimens of the kind without magistrates'
names,two with the eagle to right,one with the eagle to
left,are recordedin the lists which I have made. To
Imhoofs list may be added another,with eagle to right
on obverse,and the magistrate's name [0]PA ZY on the
reverse (M. 13 mm.),whichhas long been in the British
Museum. [Pl. XIX. 1.]
It may be noted that the magistrates' names
occur on both this series and
and MENANAPO[Y]
APAKO[N]
on the series withthe bust of Mn and the humped bull
mentionedabove, showingthat the two series belong to
the same place and period.
1 Invent.
, Nos.3566-70.
Waddington
2 Kleinasiatische
Miinzeny
p. 357.
3 RevueSuisse
, xiv.(1908),
p. 141.

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THE COINAGEOF PISIDIAN ANTIOCH.

301

The small coins of the' Colony without Emperors'

heads,or at least withouttheirnames,are representedby
the followingvarieties:Types: Obv.- Bust of Hermes, with caduceus behind
shoulder.
Bev.- Modius containingcorn. Cp. B. M. C.}
No. 2.
1. Obv.- ANT!1.,OCH r. Bust r.
Bev,- COLO 1.,NIAEr.
JE. 14 mm.
2. Obv.- ANTIO1.,C r., H below. Bust 1.
Bev.- AICO1.,L above,ONI r. (i.e. COLONIAl).
M. 12 mm. [Pl. XIX. 4.]

- Bust of Hermes, with caduceus behind

Types: Obv.
shoulder.
Bev.- Bull standing. Cp. Imhoof-Blumer,
Kleinas.
Mnzen,p. 358, No. 6.
- [AN]T|1.,OH r.(?). Bust r.
3. Obv.
Bev.- ANT above,IOC r. Bull r.
JE. 13 mm.
Types: Obv.- Bust of Hermes,caduceusbehindshoulder.
Bev.- Winged caduceus. Cp. Imhoof-Blumer,
Kleinas. Mnzen
, p. 358, No. 7.
- ANTIO1.,C - - r. Bust 1.
4. Obv.
Bev.- COLO 1.,NIAr.
M. 13 mm. [Pl. XIX. 2.]

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302

G. F. HILL.

Types: Obv.- Bust ofHermes,caduceusbehindshoulder.

Rev.- Cock. Cp. B. M. G No. 1.
- ANTIO 1.,CHIAr. Bust 1.
5. Obv.
Bev.- CO 1.,LONr., I below. Cock r.
M. 12-5 mm. [Pl. XIX. 3.]
dies as B. M. G., No. 1.
- A 1.,NTIOCr. Bust r.
6. Obv.

Same

Bev.- CO 1.,LON(?) r. Cock r.

JE. 12*5mm.

Types: Obv.- Bust of Men on crescent.

Bev.- Cock. Cp. B . M. G.fNo. 3.
- ANTIO 1.,CHIAr. Bust 1.
7. Obv.
Bev.- COLO r., - 1. Cockr.
M. 13 mm.
- ANTIr., OCHI 1. Bust r.
8. Obv.
Bev.- Inscr.illegible. Cock r.
M. 14 mm.
The busts on these small coins seem to me to be assimilated to various emperors. Thus the Hermes on Nos. 1,
4, and 5 seem to resemble Hadrian, while that on No. 2
may be meant forthe young Caracalla. On the following coin we seem to have busts of Pius and Marcus:- ANTr. Beardedbustr. (Pius?).
9. Obv.
Bev.- COLO 1. Beardless bust 1. (Marcus as
Hermes?) withcaduceusovershoulder.
iE. 13 mm. [Pl. XIX. 5.]
Imhoof-Blumer, however,4considers that these and
4 Kleinasiatische
Mnzen
, p. 358.

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THE COINAGEOF PISIDIAN ANTIOCH.

303

other small copper coins of the same class probably

belong to the time of Severus. However, the resemblances which I have pointed out seem to indicate
a longer period forthe issue of these coins ; and indeed
it is not probable that so many varietiesof small change
should have been issued during so shorta period.
The followingissues (with the possible exception of
No. 10) belong to the time of Augustus and Tiberius:- AN above. Founder ploughingr. with
10. Obv.
yokeof cattle.
jRev. Q in middle. Four militarystandards(two
witheagles).
M. 18 mm. [Pl. XIX. 6.]
11. Obv.- CAESARon r. Head of Augustusr., bare.
Rev.- COL . CAES above; AV| GVS| TVS in middle,
betweenfourmilitarystandardsas on preceding.
M. 22 mm. [Pl. XIX. 7.] Cp. Imhoof, p. 358, No. 9.
Blumer,Kleinas. Mnzen
The new specimen was poorlypreserved; that which
is here illustratedwas already in the British Museum
12. Obv.

V! AVG F AVGVST. IMP VIII Head

of Tiberius1.,bare.

Rev.- C C (large)acrossfield. Statue of the Julia

Gens, seated r., restingwith1.on sceptre,
holdingpaterain r.
M. 22 mm. [Pl. XIX. 8.]
The type of the reverse is found not only on Roman
coins of the period (Cohen2, Tiberius
, 17) but at Corinth
(Imhoof and Gardner, Num. Comm. E xcvi.) and at
Caesaraugusta in Spain (Heiss, PL xxv. 27).

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304

G. F. HILL.

Under the latter mint,in the British Museum trays,

the following coin has long been placed ; but in its
fabric and style it is distinctly not Spanish, and Don
Antonio Vives informsme that nothing similar to it is
familiarto him in his experienceof Spanish coins. It
may just possibly be of Antioch, although it does not
seem to bear any indicationof the mint:- TI
12a. Obv.

TVS r. Head of Tiberiusr.,

1.,
bare. Plain border.

Bev.- IVLIAA 1.,- - - TA r. Similarfigureto that

on No. 12. Plain border.
M. 24 mm. [Pl. XIX. 9.]
proposof the coin of Augustus,Imhoofremarksthat
on this earliest coin the colony bears only the title
Colonia Caesarea. The coin of Tiberius (No. 12) shows
that it still bore that title in his reign; whereas the
coin No. 10 seems, if my reading of the obverse is
correct,to mark the transitionto the new name. Unfortunatelywe cannot date it exactly.
A coin of Tiberius mentioned by Babelon,5 reading
CAE ANTIO COL S R is described as retouched; this
we may well believe, since the letters S R do not
normallyappear on Antiochian coins until a much later
period,and the size of the piece (34 mm.) is also a sign
of lateness.6
5 Invent.
3580.
Waddingtonj
* Cp.Mionnet,
coinof
tobea tooled
iii.p. 492,No.2,which
appears
III. SirW. M. Ramsaywrites:"The nameofthecolony
Gordian
to theperiod
whichbelongs
as C. C. inan inscription
simply
appears
to
as an adjunct
oftheoldnameAntiochia
about50a.D. Therevival
havetakenplaceunder
Caesarea
theRomantitleColonia
mayprobably
C . C . AN. maybe
Nero; andcoinsreading
or perhaps
Vespasian,
datedaccordingly."

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THE COINAGEOF PISIDIAN ANTIOCH.

305

Betweenthe earliestperiodof the colonyand the reign

of Vespasian there seems to be a gap in the coinage.
Hithertocoins of Titus but none of his fatherhave been
attributedto the colony. But among the new coins are
three of Vespasian, all extremely badly worn. The
greater part of the legends can, however,be restored
with the help of a similar coin at Berlin (from the
Imhoof-Blumercollection), the descriptionof which I
owe to Dr. Imhoof-Blumer'skindness:CAESARI AVGCOS VII P P
13. Obv.- IMP VESPASIANO
Bust of Vespasianr., laureate.
Bev.- LEGV on 1. upwards, CC
(?) on r.
withwingsspread,
upwards; eaglestanding,
betweentwomilitarystandards.
JE. 26*5-24mm. Threespecimens.Two
on the obverse
of themare countermarked
with a figureof Mn, standingto front,
crescentat shoulders,resting on sceptre
withr., holdingVictoryin 1.
[Pl. XIX. 10.]
These coins date fromthe year 76, when Vespasian
was consul forthe seventhtime.
Indications of the presence of veterans of the fifth
legion (Gallica 7) at Antioch are already known in four
tombstonesfrom Antioch ( C. I. L ., iii. 293, 294 ; cp.
Le Bas-Waddington, 1823 ; and two others of which
Sir W. M. Ramsay informsme). One at least of these
must belong to quite the earliest period of the colony.
Otherwiseit would have been temptingto suppose that,
since the name of the fifthlegion does not occur on the
7 Theidentity
ofGallicawithAlaudae
isnotcertain,
assumed
though
withno evidence.Dessau (Indexto Inscr
.
by earlierauthorities
them. ThenameAlaudae
is never
usedinthe
Lat. ^.^distinguishes
- [W.M.B.]
Antiochian
inscriptions.
Y
NUM.CHliON.,VOL.XIV.,SERIES IV.

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306

G. F. HILL.

coins until the year 76, it may have been veterans of

the fifthMacedonica (which served in the Jewishwar),
ratherthan of the Gallica, who weresettled at Antioch.8
Such a veteran may have broughtwith him the coin of
Titus commemoratingthe subjectionof Judaea which is
mentionedbelow.
I
This countermarkoccurs 011a numberof coins, all but
one unfortunately
wornso smooth that it is impossible
to determine their date with certainty. Three were
amongthe coins submittedto me. A fourth[Pl. XIX. 12],
which came fromthe same districtmany years ago, is a
Greek coin of Titus, commemoratingthe suppressionof
the First Eevolt of the Jews,and doubtless struck in
Judaea.9 One of three others[Pl. XIX. 11] is countermarked on the opposite side with a bust of Men on a
crescent to right,indicating a furtherconnexion with
Antioch. The letters of the countermarkcan hardly
be read as anything but CRAS, although on some
specimensthere seems to be no horizontalbar to the R.
It is highly improbable that it was impressed by the
authorityof Sulpicius Crassus, who was proconsul of
Asia towardsthe end of the reign of Oommodus; 10for
by what authorityshould a proconsulof Asia countermark coins in Antioch? Whatever be the meaning of
the mark,the extremelywornconditionof all the coins
shows that the originals may have been in circulation
8 Several
inSyrianlegions,
whohadserved
aremenother
veterans,
- [W.M. R.]
ofAntioch.
ininscriptions
tioned
9 B. M. G.: Palestine
, PI. xxxi.3-5.
10Waddington,
159.
FastesdesProvinces
p. 243,JNo.
Asiatiques,

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THE COINAGEOF PISIDIAN ANTIOCH

307

for something like a centurybeforethey were countermarked.

From the remainder of the coins available I single
out the following,mostly of Antioch itself,and worthy
of notice :14. Obv.- LAVR- r., [C]AISAR1. Bust of L. Verusr.,
bare(?).
Bev. ANTIOCHabove, COLON in exergue. Wolf
r. sucklingtwins.
JE. 15 mm. [Pl. XIX. 13.]
15. Obv.- PI VSAVGSE1., VERVS r. Head of Sept.
Severusr.,laureate.
OCHGE 1., NICOL CAES r. Female
ANTI
Bev.
genius (Fortune),standing1., with branch
and cornucopiae.
JE. 22 mm. Cp. Mionnet,iii. p. 494,
No. 17.
r. Bust ofyoungCaraObv.- IMPCAE1.,SMAVRAN
calla r.,laureate.
E r., ANTIOCH1. ForBev.- [FORTV]NACOLONIA
tune, standing1., with branchand cornucopiae.
16. iE. 22 mm.
- r.,
17. JE. 24 mm.(same obv.die, rev. ORTVNACOL
F 1.). Cf. Mionnet,iii. p. 495,
ANTIOCH
No."25.
- IMPCAES1.,MAVRAN
r. Bust ofyoungCara18. Obv.
calla r., laureate, wearingpaludamentum
and cuirass.
IAE r. ForBev.- ANTI OCHFOR 1., TVNACOLON
in 1.
tune1.,withbranchin r., cornucopiae
JE. 22 mm.
This correctsmy descriptionof B. M. G., No. 17, which
is also of Caracalla.
y2

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308

G. F. HILL.
19. Obv.

1., ^TASCAEr. Bust of Geta i', wearing

and cuirass.
paludamentum
Rev.- ANT[I]1., OCHCOL r. Eagle to front,wings
open.
. WadJE. 19 mm. Cp. Babelon,Invent
dington,3595, and Mionnet,iii. p. 498,
No. 40.

- ANTON
20. Obv.
around.
INVSPjVSFELAVG
Elagabalusr., laureate.

Bust of

Rev.- ANTIOCHCOL above,ONIin exergue. Wolf

r. and twins.
Kleinas.
JE. 17 mm. Cp. Imhoof-Blumer,
21.
Mnzen
No.
361,
, p.
21. Obv.

SEVER 1., ALEXAND- - r.

SeverusAlexanderr., laureate.

Bust of

r. Bust of Men r.
Rev.- COLCE 1.,SANTIOCHIA
JE. 22 mm.
around. Bust of
22. Obv.- IMPCMIVLPHILIPPVSPFAVG
Jun.
laureate,
r.,
wearing paludaPhilip
mentumand cuirass.
Rev.- ANTIOCHCOLON - - in arc below,beginning
on r. ; in field, S R. Two cornuacopiae
crossed,withcaduceusbetweenthem.
JE. 19 mm. [Pl. XIX. 14.]
- IMPCAESGM
23. Obv.
ESSQDECIOTRAIAVaround.Bust
of Trajan Decius r., radiate,wearingpaluand cuirass.
damentum
Rev.- ANTIOCHICOLCAaround, S R in exergue.
River-godAnthiosreclining1., r. holding
cornucopiae,1. restingon overturnedurn
fromwhichwaterflows.
JE. 23 mm. Same obv. die as B. M. C.,
,
No. 124. Op. Babelon,Invent.Waddington
3614 ; Mionnet,Supp.>vii. p. 107,No. 10.

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THE COINAGEOF PISIDIAN ANTIOCH.

309

24. Obv.- IMPCAESPLICGALLIENVS

around. Bust of
Gallienusr.,laureate.
Rev.- COLCAE 1., S above, ANTIOCH r. Double
cornucopiaecontaining
twobusts.
JE. 30 mm.
This coin is fromthe same dies as that describedby de
Saulcy, TerreSainte, p. 18, No. 6 his [here Pl. XIX. 15],
whichis accordinglyof Pisidian Antioch. Compare the
coin of Yolusian, Rev. Num., 1902, p. 348, No. 92, PI. x.
11, on which the two busts representYolusian and the
god Men.
- IMPCAESPAILCAINGALLIENO
25. Obv.
(?)around.Bust
of Gallienusr., radiate.
Rev.- ANTIO 1., CHICL r.,SR in exergue. Legionaryeagle betweentwostandards.
JE. 23*5mm.
The followingcoins, belonging to groups (L) and (2),
are of othermints:AttaleiaPamphyliae(?).
- Two headsof Athenar.,jugate.
26. Obv.
Rev.- [ATTA]AEQN
(?) on r. Zeus seated1.
M. 17 mm.
ApolloniaPisidiae.
- Inscription
obscure. Bust ofGeta (?) r.
27. Obv.
Rev.- AnOAAQN1.,IATONAY- - r. Hygieiastanding r.,feedingserpent.
JE. 21 mm.
Sagalassus.
2ft.Obv.- AY KMAY . ANTQNINOC CB around.
Bustof Caracallar., laureate,undraped.
Rev.- CArAAAC1., CON r. Apolloseated1.,head
r.,withlyreon columnbesidehim.
JE. 25 mm.

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310

G. F. HILL.

ApameaCibofcus.
- Head of Athena r., helmeted; countermark,
29. Obv.
Bev.- Inscription
illegible. Eagle withspreadwings
on maeander,betweencaps of Dioscuri.
JE. 23 mm.
Philomeliura.
- IOYAIA1., MAMAC6B
r. Bust of Mamaea r.
30. Obv.
on crescent.
IOYAI1AYAGI
AUNniM
Bev.- <t>IAOMH
around,and
in centreS P Q R
JE. 34 mm.
- AYKMAN[TQ]rOPAIANO
around. Bust of
31. Obv.
GordianIII r.,laureate,undraped.
Bev.- 4>IAOM1., HAONr. Eagle to front,wings
spread.
JE. 17 mm.
32. 33. Two coins of Trajan Decius, as B. M. 0., 39
and 43.
Iconium.
- IMPCAESMANGORDIANVSAVG
around. Bust
34. Obv.
of GordianIII r., laureate,wearingpaludamentumand cuirass.
Bev.- COCEL IHAD 1., ICONIHS r., S R in exergue;
Roma,helmeted,seated 1., holdingVictory
in r., restingwith 1. on spear, at foot of
whichshield.
JE. 34 mm. [Pl. XIX. 16.]
The blundered inscriptionon the reverse is intended
forColonia Aelia Hadriana (Augusta) Ieonensium.

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THE COINAGEOF PISIDIAN ANTIOCH.

311

Parlais.
35. Obv.- [IM]PLAVR1., COMMO - - r. Bust of Commodusr.,laureate,undraped(?).
Rev.- IVLAVGHA
1.,COLPARLAr. Men standingto
front,head r. restingon sceptre,1. holding
; at his feetr. a cock(?).
pine-cone
21
iE.
mm. Cp. ImhoofBlumerin Rev.
Suisse, 1908, p. 88, No. 3, whereit is remarkedthat HA(forHadriana)is nototherwisefoundon coinsofthecolony.
Adana.
36. Obv.- Bust of GordianIII and inscriptionas on
B . M. G., No. 19 (samedie).
CABGINTPANKYAA6INAC
Rev,
[AAAN6]and
in innercircleON. Bust of Tranquillinar.
M. 30 mm.
Seleuciaad Calycadnum.
- - around. Bust of
37. Obv.- QTAKIAC6YHPAN6Y
'
Otaciliar.
NTONnPKAAYKA
Rev.--CGAYK[Q]
around,V0G
in field1., PACin fieldr. Nike 1.,carrying
wreathand palm-branch.
2&. 31 mm. Cp. Mionnet,iii. p. 607,
No. 326 ; Supp.,vii. p. 244, No. 347.
Another specimen in the British Museum has the
same reverse type with a differentarrangementof the
legend.
Tarsus.
- [A]YT- - A[Y]PC- HP
OCC6B around.
38. Obv.
Bust of Caracalla r.,laureate,wearingpaludamentum
and cuirass; in field,n [l~l]
Rev.- [ANTflNJIANHCC
1., 6Y - - r.; in field 1.
A|MK|rB The god Sandan standingr. on
lion.
M. 35 mm. Cp. Dressel in Z. f. N
xxiv.p. 84.

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G. F. HILL.

312

CYHP OCAN- - around; in field,[Tl]

[IH](?) Bust of Caracalla r., laureate,undraped.
H|[T]POKOIN0B|[0]YAI0Nin exRev.- [T]APCO[Y]M
withspear
ergue; infield,l~ B. TheEmperor
a
female
standing1., confronted
by
figure
carryingNike on globe, who crownsthe
Emperor.
JE. 34 mm.

39. Obv.

UncertainGreekImperial.
- IMPA- - r., TR POT 1. Head of Augustusr.
40. Obv.
Rev.- Inscriptionobliterated
; founderploughingr.
withyokeofoxen.
M. 27 mm.
In fabric,in the style of the head on the obverse,and
in the obverse inscription,this closely resembles the
coins of the Syrian Antioch. On the other hand, the
colonial reverse type does not occur there. In some
lights the letters in the exergue of this specimen seem
to suggest ANTI- - , but perhapsthe wish is fatherto the
thought.
A wordmay be added here about the sourcesof coins
other than those struck at Antioch itself which occur
among those examined and identifiedby me. In the
following list all coins are of Imperial times and of
bronzeunless otherwisestated:after88 b.c.,
Macedn. Thessalonica,1 (late autonomous,
as B. M. 0., No. 32).
Bithynia. Nicaea, 1.
1.
Caria. Aphrodisias,
133-48 b.c.).
Phrygia. Apamea,1 (autonomous,
6.
Philomelium,

Cappadocia. Caesarea,1.
Lycaonia. Iconium,1.
Parlais,2.

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THE COINAGEOF PISIDIAN ANTIOCH.

313

Pisidia. Apollonia,1.

Baris,1.

Pappa Tiberia,1.

Sagalassus,1.

Selge,1 (iE. 4th cent.b.c.).

2d.-lst cent.B.c.).
Pamphylia. Aspendus,1 (autonomous,
Attaleia(?), 1 (late autonomous).

Cilicia. Adana, 1.
1.
Seleuciaad Calycadnum,
,,

Tarsus,3.
Syria. AntiochusI (?), 1.
SeleucusIV, 1.

Antioch,2.
Judaea. JudaeaCapta, 1.
It will be observed that veryfewcoins have travelled
far, and that coins of neighbouring cities, such as
Philomelium and those in Pisidia and Lycaonia, are in
the great majority. Provenance is thus shown, as
always in the case of bronze coins, to be good evidence
forattribution.
It is a curiousfact that not one of the large coins of
sestertiussize issued at Antioch fromSeptimius Severus
to Gordian III has passed throughmy hands, although
they are, comparativelyspeaking, not rare.11 On the
other hand, coins of apparentlythe same denomination
frommintslike Iconium, Philomelium,and Tarsus were
not wanting.
Gr. F. Hill.
11SirW.M.Bamsayhassinceshown
oftheGordian,
mea specimen
B. M. C.,No.85,acquired
inthedistrict.He addsthathehasobserved
ofAntiochian
coinsinthehandsofshopkeepers
at
very
largenumbers
Iconium.Coinsofthecolony
in greatnumbers
circulated
evidently
aboutIconium
as wellas in therestoftheregionandtownsaround
Antioch.Asregards
thelargecoins,theircomparative
onthe
scarcity
tobevaluable,
so
spotmaybe dueto thefactthattheyarethought
thatwhendiscovered
findtheirwaytomoreimportant
theyspeedily
commercial
centres.

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NUM.CHRON.SER. IV.VOL. XIV. PL. XIX.

COINAGEOF PISIDIANANTIOCH.

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