Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
com
Pr ac t i c al Chi nes e
f or
Engl i s h Speaker s
( Par t Two )
( )
De -a n Wu S wiha rt C ong Me ng
Willia m H. O Donnell
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( C IP )
. ( ) / , . : , 2004. 7
( )
ISBN 7-301-05996-5
.
. - -
: ( )
:
:
:
: ISBN 7-301-05996-5 / H0806
: 62752015
62750672
100871
62752028
787 1092
16
17. 75
540
2004 7 1
2004 7 1
: 45. 00
,
,
. H195. 4
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Table of Contents
English Preface 1
Preface in Chinese 7
Lesson Eleven
Lesson Twelve
22
Lesson Thirteen
45
Lesson Fourteen
67
Lesson Fifteen
Seeing a Doctor
89
Lesson Sixteen
113
Lesson Seventeen
132
Lesson Eighteen
Weather
181
Lesson Twenty
Visiting Family
160
Lesson Nineteen
Buying Things
Travel
201
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Appendix I
I
221
Appendix II
II
Answers to Exercises
Vocabulary List
242
Abbreviations
Adj
Adjective
x
ngrngc
Adv
Adverb
fc
Aux
Auxiliary
zhdngc
Conj
Conjunction
li nc
Dpron
Demonstrative pronoun
zh
shd ic
Exp
Expression
x
gu n yngy
Intj
Interjection
t nc
Ln
Noun of locality
f ngwic
Meas
Measure word
li ngc
Noun
m
ngc
Num
Numeral
shc
Part
Particle
zhc
Pn
Noun of place
chsuc
Prep
Preposition
jic
Pron
Pronoun
d im
ngc
Prn
Proper Noun
zhu nyu m
ngc
Qpron
Tn
Noun of time
sh
ji nc
Unit
Standard of measurement
d nw
ic
Vi
Intransitive verb
bj
wdngc
VO
Verb-object
dngb
n jigu
VR
Verb-resultative ending
dngbjigu
Vt
Transitive verb
j
wdngc
y
wn d ic
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English Preface
Practical Chinese for English Speakers ( Part One and Pa rt Two) is designed for English speakers,
who are a large market for learning Chinese as a second language. Unlike Chinese students,
English speakers are used to a phonetic writing system. What they read is what they hear. When
they see a word they expect its letters to tell them how to pronounce the word and to recognize its
meaning. Thus English speakers initially find Chinese characters to be meaningless because they
cannot sound out Chinese characters. Instead, they have to find the pronunciations through pinyin
and then find the meanings. Therefore English speakers need extra time to learn to connect the
graphic shapes of Chinese characters with their pronunciation. To them, learning Chinese is like
learning two languages: one is for speaking and listening, and one is for reading and writing. This
book employs a variety of teaching methods to make learning Chinese easier for English speakers.
For example, the pinyin is printed directly under or beside each Chinese character instead of
separating the Chinese character text from the pinyin text. We believe that if English speakers make
the effort to connect Chinese characters with their sounds in the first year of study, they can more
rapidly learn to read Chinese characters with the help of pinyin. Other teaching-learning methods
used in this textbook are introduced in the following section.
As the title Practica l Chinese for English Spea kers shows, an important characteristic of the
book s design is its focus on daily life topics: exchanging money, eating at a restaurant, bargaining
at the local market, taking a bus or taxi, and getting a haircut. In foreign language teaching today
there is more emphasis on communication. English speakers who are living or visiting China are
especially concerned with practical communication. T hey expect that what they learn in the
classroom can immediately be used outside the classroom. This book s practical topics are
especially relevant to their daily life in China. Many of the practical-use lesson topics can be found
in other elementary textbooks, but in the later chapters. This book has those topics much earlier.
Instead of beginning, as most other textbooks, with nh o( How do you do) , in this textbook
the student learns numbers. The practical topics are not inherently any more or less difficult than
the traditional textbook topics, and they have a powerful advantage in motivating the student to
learn. In the three semesters of testing a pilot version of this textbook in classrooms both in China
and the U. S. we found that practical topics gave students more interest in studying. When students
have good motivation, they learn faster and better.
In order to make things convenient for the teachers and students, we have translated the texts
into English and the notes into Chinese. The end of textbook are Answers to Exercises and the
Vocabulary List.
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Each lesson has 10 sections: Key Expressions, Dialogues, New Words, English Translation of
Dialogues, Pronunciation and Grammar Notes, Sentence Patterns, Exercises, Cultural Notes,
Learning Radicals, and Chinese Character Practice Sheet. Here is a short introduction of each of
those sections:
Key Expressions
At the beginning of each lesson there is a list of sentences and words that are key expressions
in the lesson. Students are expected to practice those expressions extensively and be able to
use them in daily life.
Dialogues and New Words
Each lesson has two dialogues, each with a list of New Words. The dialogues are based on
Beijing speech. Each dialogue is set in a specific daily situation in order for English speakers
to learn to communicate with native Chinese in a real environment for a specific purpose.
Each student should master these dialogues and try to create his / her own dialogues for similar
situations. The New Words are used in the daily dialogues. Students are supposed to
remember them. The words from earlier lessons reappear in later lessons to reinforce the
students learning.
English Translation of Dialogues
The English translation makes the lesson easier for students to understand and can aid as a
model in using the dialogues for having the students make Chinese sentences.
Pronunciation and Gramma r Notes
These explanations of pronunciation and grammar are based on comparison with the English
language and are from the perspective of how English speakers see Chinese pronunciation and
grammar. The primary emphasis is on what needs to be explained to English speakers, rather
than on giving a comprehensive, detailed treatment of the rules of Chinese pronunciation and
grammar. For example, the initials j, q, x are not found in English, and so a detailed note on
pronunciation of these initials is given. Similarly, the adverb du ( all, both ) has a
different syntactical position in Chinese than in English. So that is emphasized in a note. The
pronunciation and grammar notes also include explanations of difficult words as well as
synonyms and homonyms. For example, sng ( send ) is not a difficult word in Chinese,
but its usage can be confusing to English speakers. English speakers might mistakenly say
send a letter( sng x
n) instead of mail a letter( jx
n) in Chinese, since these mean
the same in English. The Chinese translation is given for the convenience of the teachers and
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students.
Sentence Patterns
Sentence patterns are selected for each lesson from among the most commonly used sentence
patterns in daily life in China, while still covering the patterns given in traditional textbooks.
Students will repeatedly practice those sentence patterns and will be able to use different
vocabulary to make new sentences with the same sentence patterns. This kind of practice can
foster students confidence to make sentences in Chinese. A teacher who drills students with
these sentence patterns over and over will help students speak faster and better in Chinese.
Speaking ability is the foundation of communication, so training students to speak well is an
extremely important goal for a foreign language teacher. The drills are very important oral
practice that include speaking and listening skills. Students should be able to communicate
orally with native speakers. The following techniques are suggested for oral training:
a. Short language material practice: drill practice.
b. Long language material practice:
c. Role playing.
The Sentence Pattern Drills in each lesson should be emphasized. In every class meeting make
the students practice one or two sentences repeatedly. Several types of drills are used:
1. Question-answer:
Q: What would you like? ( hint: soft drink)
A: I want a beer.
2. Substitution:
A says: This is 130 yuan.
3. Transformation:
A: Are you a student?
4. Extension:
A: I want to buy a newspaper.
A: I want rice.
5. Relay: This practice is for two or more students as a group. Each student says one
sentence. The following is an example of four students practicing in a group: each has one
sentence; two are questions and two are answers.
A: Where are you going?
B: I am going to Shanghai.
C: Where is Shanghai?
D: Shanghai is in China.
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C: How much is the phone card?
Exercise
Learning pinyin is a major task in Part One. It has several exercise sections designed for
practicing pinyin. Chinese personal and place names are difficult to pronounce for English
speakers. There are sections to practice reading names of people, places, and things in
pinyin. Those names are also useful vocabulary that English speakers need in daily life in
China.
Most of the exercise sections are long language-material practice. There are four major types
of practice:
1. Listening comprehension: Usually make students listen to a recording of a conversation or
short paragraph three times. Then have the students answer questions on the content they
have just heard. The answer formats include: statement, multiple-choice, and judging
between correct and incorrect. This practice is for training students to understand a native
Chinese speaker.
2. Production practice: Let students make sentences in Chinese with assigned sentence
patterns and vocabulary. They can imitate the example dialogue in the textbook. This
practice is for training students to make sentences in Chinese and foster their ability in daily
conversation.
3. Translation practice: Let students translate sentences and paragraphs into Chinese and
English. Translating from Chinese into English can help to strengthen the students ability
to understand Chinese speakers. Translating from English into Chinese can train the
students to make their own sentences in Chinese and communicate their thoughts to Chinese
speakers.
4. Role playing: Let students make conversation in a daily life situation. Three categories of
this practice are:
a. Set up a general situation for conversation. Example: lost in the city and asking how to
get back to your school.
b. Give students a specific, detailed situation.
c. Give students a basic model of conversation but not certain sentence patterns. For
example, tell the students to make a comparison but without specifying which syntactic
pattern to use.
Cultural Notes
Each lesson has a cultural notes section that introduces cultural background relevant to the
content of that lesson. For example, Lesson 7 Making Phone Calls
, has cultural notes
including: time difference, public phones in China, types of phone cards used in China and
how to use them, discount calling periods, and how to use pagers. Those notes provide
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This book employs innovative curricular design aimed at enhancing the Chinese language learning
effectiveness of English-speaking students. The book seeks to be both practical and thoroughly
effective in its pedagogical techniques.
De-an Wu Swihart and Meng Cong are both graduates of the Chinese Department of Beijing
University. They both teach in the U. S. now. De-an Wu Swihart received an M. A. from the
University of Chicago and a Ph. D. from Princeton University. She has published four books. She
has been teaching Chinese language and literature at universities in the U. S. and Canada for
nineteen years. She currently heads the Chinese section of the Department of Foreign Languages
and Literatures at the University of Memphis. Her extensive classroom experience, together with
seven years of designing, directing, and teaching Chinese courses for American students in China,
led Professor Swihart to recognize the need for a truly innovative Chinese textbook for English
speakers, including those who are living in China. She wrote all the lessons with lists of new
words, drills, cultural notes, character practice, radical sections, key expressions and all three
appendixes for this book. Meng Cong, whose graduate study was directed by the famous Chinese
linguist LShxing, earned his postgraduate degree from the Graduate School of the Chinese
Academy of Social Science, and he then worked in its Linguistic Institute as a research follow. He
came to the U. S. and has taught Chinese language and culture at several universities since 1989.
He now teaches at the Foreign Service Institute in Washington, D. C. . Meng Cong wrote the
pronunciation and grammar notes for this book. He also designed the Key Expressionssection.
The two authors together made the Exercisessection of each lesson. The two authors began to
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write this book in 1999 and they have made revisions together based on field teaching in both China
and the U. S.
* * *
Acknowledgments
Many thanks to Dr. William H. O Donnell, an E nglish professor at the University of Memphis
who helped with editing of the pronunciation and grammar notes. Dr. George Swihart and Anne
Swihart also gave many suggestions for the revision of the book. Mr. An Fengqi from the
Shenzhen Education Bureau and Ms. Jia Luyi from Shenzhen University helped with a great deal of
computer input. Many thanks to all the people who helped with this book.
De-an Wu Swihart
Cong Meng
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Preface in Chinese
( )
, :
,
,
, :
, ,
, ,
, , , ,
,
: , ,
,
, ,
,
, ,
,
:
,
,
,
, ,
, ,
,
( motivation) , ,
,
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( )
:
: ,
:
, ,
,
,
,
: ,
: ,
,
,
, , : j, q, x
all, both,
all both
, ,
,
send ,
: , , ,
,
,
? ,
,
a. : ( Drill)
b. : ( Comprehension ) ( Production )
( Translation)
c. ( Role Play)
8
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, :
:
1. :
: ? ( : )
: ? ( : )
2. :
A :
B :
A :
B :
3. :
a. ?
b. ?
a. ?
b. ?
4. :
a.
b.
a.
b.
5. :
a. ?
b.
c. ?
d.
a. ?
b.
c. ?
d.
, :
1. : ,
, , ,
2. :
3. : ,
: , :
1. : ,
2. : /
3. , : ,
: 189 ,
102 , , ,
9
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( )
,
:
,
: :
; ;
, ,
,
1985
, 1990 , ,
, 19
, ,
,
,
1999 ,
William O Donnell ,
George Swihart Anne Swihart
,
2004 5
10
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Lesson Eleven
D - sh
y
Ni n,
Key Expressions
?
J
nti n
Yu,
R h X
ngq
x
ngqj
?
to do laundry
x y
fu
Jiyu sh
yh o
th
is my birthday.
sh wde shngri.
Wj
nni n rsh
August 11
su
.
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Dialogue I
A:
?
J
nti n
B:
x
ngq
j
?
X
ngq
r.
A:
M
ngti n
B:
W yu Zhngwn k.
x
ngq
s n.
?
N miti n du yu Zhngwn k ma?
A:
, ,
B,
B:
x
ngq
s n
xi w w yu Zhngwn k,
x
ngq
w
xuZhngwn.
?
N y
ti n sh ng j jiZhngwn k
?
A:
Li ng ji.
B:
, ?
Y ji k sh y gzhngtu,
A:
B.
B:
Y ji k zh
yu
wsh fnzhng.
?
X
ngq
y
A:
x
ngq
x
ngq
s
n du m
iyu
k m a?
,
Zh s n ti n w yu Y
ngw n k,
B:
du bu du
?
ji o Y
ngwn.
?
Zhum n zus hnm e?
A:
,
X
ngq
li
z i
ji
xixi,
xy
fu.
q k n di ny
ng.
X
ngq
r
k n di nsh
.
Yush
hou
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New Words I
Tn
today
Tn
week
Qpron
Tn
Tuesday
Tn
tomorrow
Tn
Wednesday
Adj
every, each
Tn
everyday
Tn
Friday
day
Meas
Tn
hour
Adj
right, correct
j
nti n
x
ngq
x
ngqj
x
ngq
r
m
ngti n
x
ngq
s n
mi
miti n
x
ngq
w
ti n
ji
zhngtu
du
only
zh
yu
Tn
Monday
Tn
Thursday
x
ngq
y
x
ngq
s
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( )
Tn
weekend
Tn
Saturday
home, family
Vi
to rest
Vt
clothes
VO
to do laundry
Tn
Sunday
television
movie
zhum
x
ngq
li
ji
xixi
y
fu
xy
fu
x
ngq
r
k n
di nsh
di ny
ng
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Dialogue II
A:
?
J
nti n
B:
j h o?
J
nti n
A:
jiyu shh o.
,
M
ngti n jiyu
B:
II
s h
y h o,
sh w de shngri.
?
N s h n ni n shng de?
A:
,
W sh
y
jib r
ni n shng de,
w j
nni n
? ?
N ne?
B:
N dud
le?
W ysh
rsh
r
su
.
rs hr
su
.
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A:
?
N de
B:
shngri
sh n ti n?
W de
shngri sh s
yu lih o.
Qni n
w z i Migu gu sh
ngri.
M
ngti n
wmn
A:
! !
T i h o
B:
z i B
ij
ng gi n gu shngri.
le!
Xixie!
M
ngni n w y xi ng z i Bij
ng gus hngri.
New Words II
II
Tn
month
birthday
Qpron
which year
Tn
year
Vt
Tn
this year
Meas /N
Qpron
how old
Adj
big, large
Qpron
which day
Tn
last year
h o
yu
s hngri
n ni n
ni n
s hng
j
nni n
s u
dud
n ti n
qni n
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Vt
Tn
next year
Vt
to want, to think
gu
m
ngni n
xi ng
Supplementary Words
Tn
Sunday
Tn
last week
Tn
this week
Tn
next week
Tn
Tn
January
Tn
February
Tn
March
Tn
April
Tn
May
Tn
June
Tn
July
Tn
August
x
ngq
ti n
sh ngge x
ngq
zh
ge x
ngq
xi ge x
ngq
m
ige x
ngq
y
yu
ryu
s nyu
s
yu
wyu
liyu
q
yu
b yu
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Tn
September
Tn
October
Tn
November
Tn
December
Tn
last month
Tn
this month
Tn
next month
jiyu
sh
yu
sh
y
yu
sh
ryu
sh ngge yu
zh
ge yu
xi ge yu
II
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Grammar Notes
1. x
ngq week
was loaned from the West at the beginning of the twentieth century. Before then the
Chinese had not counted days in weeks. There are no special names for the seven days of
the week in Chinese. Instead, the way to name the days of the week is simply to put a
number from one to six after x
ngqto make Monday through Saturday and put r
after x
ngqto make Sunday. x
ngqliterally means star period.
x
ngq+ Number
English
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
2. Zhngw
n Chinese language
There are 3 ways to refer to the Chinese language. Zhngwn originally referred to
written Chinese language but now generally also includes spoken Chinese. A more precise
term for the Chinese language is H ny, which covers both the spoken and the
written Chinese. Zhngguhu is a colloquial term for spoken Chinese.
3. miti n + du every day + all
In Chinese, is considered as more than one day.
du ( all) is placed before the verb and emphasizes that m
iti n refers to many
days. Another example is mini n ( every year) .
4. xu to study
as a transitive verb can be followed either by a noun ( xuZhngw
n to study
Chinese / xuY
ngwn to study English) or a verb ( xushshto learn
counting) .
5. ji class period ( a measure word)
y
jikmeans generally one course within one hour.
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6. zhngtu hour
needs the measure word gbefore it when counting hours:
y
ge zhngtu
one hour
s
ge zhngtu
four hours
one minute
wfnzhng
five minutes
8. ji o to teach
can be followed either by a noun ( ji o Y
ngw
n to teach English) or by a verb
( ji o shshto teach counting) .
9. xixi to rest, to relax
is an intransitive verb and cannot be followed by a noun. But it allows a word of time
duration to follow:
xixi shf
nzhng
xixi y
hu
r
10. J
nti n jiyush
h o. Today is September 10 .
is a numeral phrase and directly follows j
nti n ( today) , the topic of the
sentence. In Chinese there is no need to put a verb such as sh( to be ) before the
numeral phrase:
J
nti n x
ngq
y
.
Today is Monday.
T sh
jisu
.
Zhbn sh
rsh
jiku i qi n.
In each of the above sentences sh( to be) may be added between the topic and the
number, but usually there is no sh
. However, a negative sentence must be with
bsh( to not be) :
th
J
nti n bshjiyush
h o.
M
ngti n bshx
ngq
r.
jyu
what month
jh o
jdi n
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( )
x
ngq
j
what day
is also for asking quantity ( a cardinal number) when followed by a measure word or a
unit word. These examples are jfollowed by a measure word:
jge r
n
jku i qi n
jp
ng p
ji
jj
n p
nggu
jge zhngtu
jf
nzhng
Jti n?
Jni n?
12. gush
ngri to celebrate a birthday
gumeans to spend, to go through or to pass ( some kind of time) .
Grammar Notes
1. x
ngq week
20
,
,
( Monday)
( Tuesday)
( Wednesday)
( Thursday)
( Friday)
( Saturday)
( Sunday)
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2. Zhngw
n Chinese language
,
,
3. miti n + + du every day + all
,
,
4. xu to study
, ( / ) , ( )
5. ji class period ( a measure word)
,
6. zhngtu hour
, :
y
ge zhngtu
s
ge zhngtu
:
7. fnzhng minute
:
yf
nzhng
wfnzhng
8. ji o to teach
( ji o Y
ngw
n) ( ji o shsh)
9. xixi to rest, to relax
, :
xixi shf
nzhng
xixi y
hu
r
th
10. J
nti n b yush
h o. Today is September 10 .
,
:
J
nti n x
ngq
y
.
T sh
jisu
Zh
bn shrsh
jiku i qi n.
, ,
, :
J
nti n bshjiyush
h o.
M
ngti n bshx
ngq
r.
13
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( )
11. j which, what
, , :
jyu
jh o
jdi n
x
ngq
j
, ( ) ,
:
jge r
n
jku i qi n
jp
ng p
ji
jj
n p
nggu
jge zhngtu
jf
nzhng
:
?
Jti n?
Jni n?
J
nti n x
ngq
j
?
J
nti n x
ngq
y
.
x
ngq
s
x
ngq
w
x
ngq
li
x
ngq
r
x
ngq
ti n
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2.
J iyu sh
w.
Q
yu s nh o
Sh
y
yu
s nsh
y
Shryu
rsh
w
B yu lih o
S
yu
sh
rh o
3.
W x y
fu.
X
ngq
s n
sh ng Zhngwn k
X
ngq
r
ji o Y
ngwn
sh ngw
X
ngq
r
Xizuy
xi w
M
ngti n
qsh ngdi n
J
nti n w nshang
k n di ny
ng
Zh
gx
ngq
li
d di nhu
X
ngq
ssh ngw
qy
nh ng
Zhngw
shuwji o
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( )
4.
N y
ti n sh ng jji k
?
Li ng jiY
ngwn k
.
x
ngq
s
S n jik
x
ngq
s n
Li ng ji Zhngw
n k
xi w
x
ngqy sh ngw
Li ng ji
x
ngq
w xi w
Y ji
j
nti n
S jik
m
ngti n
Miyu k
5.
dud le?
rsh
r su
.
lish
w
Zhu xi oji
sh
ji
N ge
s nsh
li
Np
ngyou
s
sh
b
Nde Zhngwn
wsh
q
Y
ngur
n
l osh
Nxu
sheng
Wxusheng shr
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6.
? ,
Wsh y
jib r ni n sh
ng de,
j
nni n
rshr su
.
y
jiliji
W ng xi oji
y
jib li
su
N pngyou
y
jiww
L xi oji
y
jis
q
Exercises
ni n
ni n
ni n
ni n
j
nni n
j
nni n
j
nni n
j
nni n
s nsh
w su
sh
b
s
sh
ji
wsh
q
su
su
Listen to the following dialogue three times and then answer the questions:
z og o too bad
zuy home work
A: ?
B:
A: ?
B: ,
A: !
B: ?
A: ,
B: ?
A: ?
B: ,
Questions:
1) What day is today?
?
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( )
2) What class does A have today and at what time?
A ?
3) Does he have any problem with the class?
?
4) What time is it when they are talking?
?
2. Role play:
mother: 4 /5 /58 ;
father: 7 /3 /56 ;
Student B: 9 /4 / 82;
father: 6 /7 /58 ;
sister: 1 /9 /84
2) Two students ask each other which day of the week he /she has classes and how many
classes he /she has each day:
, ?
Iuformaton:
Student A: Monday, Tuesday, Friday: English 2 hr / day
Student B: Tuesday, Wednesday: English 3 hr /day
Thursday: Chinese 2 hr / day
3) A asks How many month this year? How many weeks and days this month?
Which day of the week is today, tomorrow and yesterday? B answers.
A B: ? ? ? B
a.
( one)
( twelve)
b.
( This)
( thirty)
c.
( one)
( seven)
d.
( next)
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22
e.
( this)
f.
( next)
g.
( one)
a. Monday morning
b. Thursday 3: 30 pm
c. July 4, 1776
d. May 1, 2001
e. October 1, 1949
f. Sunday afternoon
5. M ake sentences with the given informa tion u sing the sh
de pa ttern :
a. Ms Ma was born in 1953.
b. I bought the IP card last week.
c. I went to bed at 11 : 00 pm last night.
d. The beer was bought at the store.
e. He celebrated his birthday in Beijing.
6. T ran slate the following sentences into Chinese:
th
a. December 15 is my birthday.
b. Tomorrow is Friday. I have Chinese class in the afternoon.
c. Do you teach English on Tuesday and Wednesday?
d. I do laundry every Saturday.
e. I will go to the Bank of China to exchange money on Monday.
f. I will celebrate my birthday in China.
g. Are you going to call the U. S. tonight?
I might call.
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7. M ake a week ly schedule for your self in C hinese:
Example:
:
8: 30 - 11: 30
12: 30 - 1: 30
2: 30 - 4 : 30
Cultural Notes
1. Chin ese Calenda r
Like rest of the world, China uses the solar calendar ( y ngl) , which is based on the
earth s rotation around the sun in 365 days. But traditional Chinese holidays are based on
the lunar calendar ( y
nl) , which is based on the moon s rotation around the earth in
29 days or 30 days, with 12 months a year for a total of 354 days, about 11 days less than
the solar calendar. Chinese calendars usually have the lunar calendar in small print on the
same page with the solar calendar.
2. T he Hea venly Stems a nd E ar thly Br anches
Earthly Branches
ji
chu
b
ng
y
n
d
ng
m o
chn
g
ng
x
n
wi
rn
shn
gu
yu
h i
A revolving series of 60 combinations of Heavenly Stem and Earthly Branch are used to
denote the years in lunar calendar. For example, the year 2000 is g
ngchn ni n .
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The twelve earthly branches have also been used to tell time in two-hour intervals. For
example: z
shis the two hours centered on midnight, yushis 5 - 7 pm.
3. Chin ese Public Holidays
January 1
New Year ( X
nni n )
one-day vacation
January or February
five-day vacation
May 1
three-day vacation
October 1
three-day vacation
In addition to those public holidays, there are several traditional Chinese festivals:
th
Lantern Festival ( Yu nxi oji) is on the 15 day of the lunar new year ( in January
or February) and marks the end of the Spring Festival. People hang lanterns and eat
t ngyu n( boiled sticky-rice dumplings) .
th
th
Qingming Festival ( Q
ngm
ngji ) , on 5 ( or 4 ) April, is for mourning one s
ancestors. Traditional activities include sweeping off the graves of one s ancestors,
offering sacrifices of food and burning of imitation money.
th
th
th
day of 8
th
calendar ( in September or October) . It is a festival for family reunions. That night after
dinner people eat yub
ng( moon cake) and fruits while watching the moon.
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Lesson Twelve
School
D- sh
r K
Key Expressions
, ?
Q
ng wn,
X uxi o
n
n gu
x
ng?
Nshn gurn?
NZhngwn s hude hn h o.
, ?
J
nti n w nshang w q
ng nch
f n,
h o m a?
Wk n bu dng zhge
kbi o.
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Dialogue I
A: Canadian
B: English
Ji n d rn
A:
Y
nggur
n
!
Nh o!
B:
!
Nh o!
A:
, , ?
Wji o W ng X
ng,
B:
,
Wx
ng Zhu,
A:
q
ng wn,
n
n gu
x
ng?
ji o Zhu Wn.
?
N sh n gurn?
B:
?
W s hY
nggur
n.
A:
W sh
B:
N ne?
Ji n d rn.
NZhngw
n shude hn h o.
A:
,
N l
,
B:
n l
.
?
N z i
A:
zhr
ji o Y
ngwn,
y xuZhngwn.
W gn
A:
xuZhngwn ma?
,
W z i
B:
zhr
n y
y ng.
, ?
J
nti n w nshang w q
ng n ch
f n,
B:
h o ma?
, !
H o,
xixi!
23
?
N ne?
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New Words I
school
Vt
to be called
Exp
Vt /N
xu
xi o
ji o
gu
x
ng
x
ng
n gurn
Y
nggur
n
England
Y
nggu
the Canadian
Ji n d r
n
Canada
Vt
to speak
Ji n d
shu
function word
de
Adv
very
Expr
Prep
the same as
h
n
n l
g
n
y
y ng
h o ma
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Dialogue II
A:
, ?
Qi n l osh
,
B:
II
w k n bu dng
zh
ge
kbi o
W shnme
sh
hou sh ng H nyk?
,
Miti n sh ngw d s n
ji h
d s ji
n sh ng H ny k,
x
ngq
s n
x
ngq
w
A:
?
N
n zh
d o
B:
xi w ji o Y
ngy.
ji osh z i
n r
,
Z i r lu,
w men
q k nkan.
*
B:
ma?
,
Zh s h
H nyk
ji osh
,
du
mi n
n ji n
A:
y
y ng
d .
?
Y
ngy ji osh l yu
tuy
ngy ma?
26
sh
Y
ngyk
ji osh
.
Zhji n
g
n
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, ,
B:
Y u,
z i hib n
qi nbian,
ky f ng hu ndngpi n.
A:
Fnb
B:
b nc r
z i
n r?
Z i
hib n xi bian.
A:
B:
Miyu.
A:
Zh
ge
B:
Yu di nsh n.
b n yu dushao xusheng?
Ersh
w
ge xusheng.
New Words II
II
teacher
Vt
to understand, to know
class schedule
Tn
Exp
l osh
dng
kbi o
sh
hou
shnme sh
hou
classroom
floor, building
ji osh
lu
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Ln
inside, inner
projector
blackboard
Vt
slides
chalk
blackboard eraser
Ln
below, under
air conditioning
electric fan
class
students
tuy
ngy
hib n
f ng
hu ndngpi n
f
nb
b nc r
xi bian
kngti o
di nsh n
b n
xusheng
Supplementary Words
chzhng
seventh grade
chy
eighth grade
chr
ninth grade
chs n
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g ozhng
tenth grade
g oy
eleventh grade
g o r
twelfth grade
g os n
elementary school
middle school
college, university
technical college
xi oxu
zhngxu
d xu
zhngzhu n
d zhu n
II
A: This is the Chinese classroom. The one opposite is the English classroom.
This room is as big as that one.
B: Is there a projector in the English classroom?
A: Yes, it is in front of the blackboard. It can show slides.
B: Where is the chalk and blackboard eraser?
A: They are under the blackboard.
B: Is there air conditioning in the classroom?
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( )
A: No. There is an electric fan.
B: How many students are there in this class?
A: 25 students.
Grammar Notes
1. n
n gux
ng What s your surname?
is the polite way of asking a surname, and it is a fixed expression, especially for
asking a surname when using n
n ( you ) , the polite form of n
. guusually
means expensive, but here means honorable, with x
ng ( surname) as a noun.
n
n gux
ng is understood as a question.
2. x
ng to be surnamed; a surname
usually acts as a verb, which is different from English, where it is a noun. Thus in a
question it is followed by sh
nme ( what) and in the answer xing is followed by a
Chinese surname:
? N
n x
ng sh
nme?
My surname is Wang.
Wx
ng W ng.
Oy ng is my surname.
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5. q
ng nch
f n to invite you to eat a meal
Here q
ng is used not only for an invitation but also to imply that the speaker will pay:
Wq
ng nhyb
i ji. I invite you to drink a glass of wine.
Wq
ng nk n di ny
ng. I invite you to see a film.
Wq
ng nhch .
Wq
ng nchb
ngj
l
ng. I invite you to eat ice cream.
is also used for politely asking somebody to do something:
T q
ng ndng y
hu
r.
can see
k n bu ji n
m i de d o
m i bu d o
can not get, can not buy, is not available for purchase
chde q
can go out
chbu q
In E nglish an auxiliary verb such as can, be able tois placed before the main verb to
help to indicate possibility of an action.
7. sh
nme sh
hou when
is an interrogative phrase for asking about a specific time. It can be used for
asking about any unit of time.
Question:
? T shsh
nme sh
hou shng de? When was he born?
T shy
jib l
ng ni n shng de. He was born in 1980.
T shjiyush
ng de. He was born in September.
th
T shjiyujih o sh
ng de. He was born on September 9 .
8. k nkan to have a look
is a reduplication of k n. Most action verbs can be reduplicated. A verb can be
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( )
reduplicated to indicate that the action the verb s action will take only a very short time;
thus the meaning of k nkan is equivalent to k n y
xi r. People also use
reduplicated verbs when they want a polite,
softened tone.
reduplicated:
ch ch
chi ( to eat a little, to try a piece of food, to have a taste of a food)
xu xuxue ( to study a little)
xi xi
xie ( to write a little)
hu n hu nhuan ( to have a little change)
In the reduplicated construction, the second verb is pronounced with a neutral tone
9. qk nkan to go to have a look
l i ( to come) and q( to go) can be put before another action verb to indicate to
move to some other place in order to do something indicates someone moving close to
the speaker while for away from the speaker.
qd di nhu
qchf n
to go for dinner
qm i dngxi
to go shopping
l i xuH ny
chqw nr
z i hib n xi bian
Grammar Notes
1. n
n gux
ng What s your surname?
,
,
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2. x
ng to be surnamed; a surname
, , ,
, ; , :
? N
n x
ng sh
nme?
Wx
ng W ng.
:
, Wbx
ng L
; wx
ng Zh ng.
, , :
Oy ng shwde x
ng.
3. Nzhngwn shude hn h o. You speak Chinese very well.
, ( ) + + :
NZhngwn shude hn h o.
T H nzxide h
n h o.
F ngu nr de c i m i de hn gu
.
NY
ngw
n ji o de hn h o.
, / / / / / /
4. , ! n l
, n l
! polite response to praise
,
,
5. q
ng nch
f n to invite you to eat a meal
, :
Wq
ng nhyb
i ji.
Wq
ng nk n di ny
ng.
Wq
ng nhch .
Wq
ng nchb
ngj
l
ng.
:
T q
ng ndng y
hu
r.
6. k nde dng can understand
k nbu dng can not understand
1 + / + 2, 1
, 1 , ( ) 2 ;
, ( ) 2 1
, :
k n de ji n
k n bu ji n
m i de d o
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( )
m i bu d o
chde q
chbu q
, ( can )
7. sh
nme sh
hou when
,
:
? T shsh
nme sh
hou shng de?
T shy
jib l
ng ni n shng de.
T shjiyush
ng de.
T shjiyujih o sh
ng de.
8. k nkan to have a look
,
, :
ch ch
chi
xu xuxue
xi xi
xie
hu n hu nhuan
,
9. qk nkan to go to have a look
( ) ,
;
qd di nhu
qchf n
qm i dngxi
l i xuH ny
chqw nr
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1.
Q
ng wn n
n gux
ng?
W x
ng W ng.
Zh ng
Zh o
Ch
n
Zhu
2.
N shn gurn?
W shZhnggurn.
( Japanese)
R
b
n rn
( German)
D
gur
n
( French)
F gur
n
Y
nggurn
Ji n d r
n
( Korean)
H ngurn
M
igurn
35
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( )
3.
N Zhngwn
shu
de
hn h o.
Y
ngwn
shu
hn h o
f n
ch
hn ku i
qi n
hu n
hn du
Y
ngwnk
ji o
hn h o
Zhngw
n
xu
hn h o
p
ji
hn du
f npi o
m i
hn sh o
4.
q
ng n
chf n.
hch
L osh
sh ng k
k n di ny
ng
N ge
h k fi
Y
nggurn
Tngxu
b ng m ng
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5.
Wk n bu dng
zhge kbi o.
zhzh ng di nhu k
n ge du
hu nd n
zhfn c id n
zhge wnt
n zh ng sh
ji nbi o
zhbn sh
6.
Wshnme sh
hou
sh ngk?
qxuxi o
Wmen
chwf n
shuji o
Nn
r
xi k
N
men
xixi
T men
q sh ngdi n
T pngyou
q w ngb
37
di nhu
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7.
Miti n sh ngwds n ji
sh ng H nyk.
xi w
dyji
ji o Y
ngy
sh ngw dsji
ji o rb n
xi w
dr ji
sh ng Y
ngyk
sh ngw dyji
M
iyu
xi w
d
s n ji
sh ng Zhngw
n k
Exercises
Listen to the following dialogue three times and then answer the questions:
hu to go back; to return
In the Beijing Airport
A: Student
B: Older
A: !
B: !
A: ?
B: , ?
A: ?
B:
A: ?
B:
A: ! !
B: ?
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A:
B:
A: ?
B: ?
A:
B: , ?
A: ?
B:
Questions:
1) What is the nationality of the older, and of the student?
? ?
2) What is the surname of the older, and of the student?
? ?
3) Where did the student study Chinese?
?
4) Where does the older work?
?
5) Where are they going? Why?
? ?
x
ng shnme
gux
ng
sh
i
jh o
dushao
n n ni n
x
ngq
j
n ge yu
ji o shnme
n ti n
n gur
n
n r
Information:
Surname : Lee
Full name : David Lee
Country : U. S. A.
Birthday : 3 /5 /57
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Work : English teacher
Address : Xinyuan Hotel, Room 303
Question:
1) What is his name? ?
2) Where is he from? ?
3) How old is he this year? ?
4) What does he do? ?
5) Where does he live now? ?
4. Role play:
a. A and B meet in Beijing for the first time. A is from the U. S. A. and B is from
Canada. A and B introduce themselves to each other with appropriate expressions: ji o,
x
ng, sh
, q
ng.
A B A , B ,
:
b. Talk about two of your teachers. Give as much information as you can, such as last name,
full name, nationality, age, what classes they teach ( subject, level and time) .
, : (
)
5. Using the given in forma tion , use to ma ke a sentence:
Example :
k ich
m n
hp
ji
du
ji o Y
ngwn
h o
sh ng k
z o
chf n
bdu
shuZhngwn
h o
shu
ji o
w n
Ms. 50
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b. IC 2. 99
IP 2 . 99
c. A: 1. 58
B: 1. 58
d. A: 10: 00 pm
B: 11: 30 pm
e. A:
B:
f. 1
1
g. A
B
8: 00 8: 50
9: 00 9: 50
10 : 10 11 : 00
11 : 10 12 : 00
12 : 00 1: 00
1: 00 2: 00
2: 00 2: 50
2: 50 4: 00
4: 00 6: 00
6: 00 7: 00
7: 00 8: 00
10 : 00
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( )
Cultural Notes
1. Chin ese Nam es
The order of Chinese name is different from that of English: the last name ( family name or
surname) comes before the first name. Chinese surnames usually have one character, for
example: Z h o , Qi n , Sn , L, Zhu , W, Zh
ng , W ng . But there
are a few two-character surname such as
uy ng , S
m , Zhg and
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4. Na tional College Entr ance Examina tions
National college entrance examinations are held every year in July for four days ( usually
July 7 - 10 ) . Most high school graduates are candidates for these exams and so secondary
schools in China focus on preparing their students for the examinations. The schools have
to strictly follow study guidelines from the Ministry of Education. All the students take the
examinations in Mathematics, English, and Chinese. Science students also take exams in
Physics, Biology, and Chemistry. Humanities and Social Science students also take
examinations in Political Science, Geography, and History. The National Examinations
Authority of the Ministry of Education sets all the exam questions. The sealed examination
papers are sent to examination halls all over China the day before the examinations start.
Eighty percent of the high school students who take the national entrance examinations can
pass and be admitted to colleges and universities. The ones who can t pass the national
examination may take it again the next year or go to professional schools. Because of the
keen competition on the college entrance examinations, secondary school students, and
especially Senior 3s, get extra tutoring after school and during vacations. and schools
constantly give practice entrance examinations. Students who pass the national entrance
examinations and get into college usually can graduate after four years of study. The
government used to provide centralized job placement for every college graduate, but there
is a recent trend for the government to let college graduates find jobs themselves, and the
government no longer guarantees job placement
5. High Point Seconda ry Schools a nd Universities
Chinese secondary schools and universities are divided into high pointand generalmiddlehigh schools and universities. The high point schools( zhngdi n xu
xi o ) are
selected by the central or regional government. The government puts more money into those
schools to provide better teaching facilities and hire the best teachers. Those universities are
given priority in recruiting the best students from the National Entrance Exam. Those schools
and universities are expected to produce excellent students and are hard to get in to.
6. School Schedule
September 1
October 1
January 1
January or February
Mid-February
May 1
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June 1
Summer vacation
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Lesson Thirteen
D- s h
s n K
Key Expressions
?
Shnme d
fang
M i S h
p
ng
zuj
n?
?
W m o yj
n
ky ma?
W yy ng y o yj
n.
L i li ng j
n.
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( )
Dialogue I
A:
, , ?
Q i n M
ng,
B:
yu ge
z osh
,
zu f n,
d o
n r
q m i c i?
shc i
yu x
nxi n yu pi nyi,
n h i
ky k n ji .
?
Xi nz i ky
B:
z
j
, ,
Fj
n
A:
w xi ng
j
nti n
q ma?
6 , 9 ,
Xi nz i t i w n le.
k imn,
jidi n gu n mn,
,
xi nz i
A:
ky
d
fang
zuj
n?
zuj
n.
shu
gu znme m i?
, ,
P
ngguli ng ku i qi n yj
n,
A:
w y
y ng
y o yj
n!
?
P
nggu dus n li ng
A:
xi ngji o yku i w yj
n,
, !
H o,
B:
k
y ma?
Ky
.
B:
?
H iy o shnme?
A:
, ?
Q
ng wn,
B:
q ch oshm i.
C ish
ch ng
A:
y ky
?
Shnme
B:
q c ish
ch ng m i,
?
Bi ndu h q
ngji o dushao qi n yj
n?
46
jzi
yku i s n
yj
n.
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B:
Dush b m o
A:
yj
n.
?
W m o
yj
n
k
y
m a?
B:
Q m o
A:
z
nmey ng?
H o ba.
B:
Y o
A:
jj
n?
Y
y ng
, ?
B:
Y
gng
A:
b ku i r
h iy o
bi de m a?
By o
B:
l i li ng j
n.
le.
Zh sh rsh ku i qi n.
!
Zh o n
sh
y ku i b .
Xixie!
New Words I
Pron
self
Vt
to do, to make
VO
to cook
Vt
Ln
morning market
z
j
zu
zuf n
d o
fj
n
z osh
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vegetable
Adv
again, also
Adv
fresh
to cut
price
VO
to bargain
VO
VO
supermarket
Adv
most
vegetable market
fruit
apple
Meas
half a kilo
banana
orange
Meas
kind
Meas
0 . 1 jin
green bean
shc i
yu
x
nxi n
k n
ji
k n ji
k imn
gu nm
n
ch osh
zu
c ish
ch ng
shu
gu
p
nggu
j
n
xi ngji o
( )
jzi
y ng
li ng
bi ndu
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green pepper
Pron
other things
q
ngji o
bide
A: Qian Ming, I want to cook myself today. Where can I buy vegetables?
B: There is a morning market nearby. The vegetables there are fresh and cheap.
You can bargain too.
A: Can I go now?
B: It is too late now. It opens at 6 : 00 am and closes at 9 : 00 am. You can go to
the vegetable market or supermarket.
A: Which one is closer?
B: The vegetable market is closer.
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( )
Dialogue II
A:
, ?
Q i n M
ng,
B:
z i n r
sh
p
ngdi n m i.
?
Sh
p
ngdi n
B:
m i mi nb o?
Z i
A:
z i n r?
,
Ch le
d mn w ng yu zu,
*
A:
yu mi nb o ma?
,
Y u,
A:
z i ch oshp ngbi n.
, ?
Q
ngw n,
B:
II
z i n bian.
?
Dushao qi n y ge?
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B:
Y
ku i w.
A:
?
Gu ntou z i n r?
B:
Z i zubian n h ng,
A:
?
Shc i
h ti oli o ne?
B:
S hc i
A:
z i qi nbian
n h ng,
ti o li o z i zhngji n n h ng.
?
Wis hngzh h
B:
zu d otur.
x
y
f
n
z i n r?
Z i
r
yngp
ng
h ng.
New Words II
II
bread
food mart
Vt
Meas
line, aisle
seasonings
detergent
household items
mi nb o
sh
p
ngdi n
ch
gu ntou
h ng
tur
ti oli o
x
y
fn
r
yngp
n
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( )
Supplementary
Fruits
shu
gu
pear
grape
peach
pt o
t o
Vegetables
shc i
tomato
cabbage
onion
green onion
spinach
carrot
lettuce
potato
x
hngsh
y ngb ic i
y ngcng
xi ocng
bc i
hlubo
s hngc i
tdu
dufu
Seasonings
ti oli o
salt
pepper
soy sauce
y n
hji o
ji ngyu
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Household Items
r
yngp
n
shampoo
comb
toothbrush
toothpaste
napkin
tampon
condom
razor
x
f j
shzi
y shu
y g o
c nj
n
yuj
ng yng mi ns i
b
ynt o
gu hd o
II
B: After you go out the main gate, turn right. It is next to the supermarket.
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( )
Grammar Notes
1. yu. . . yu both. . . and. . .
is used for telling two qualities or two actions existing at same time. It
connects two adjectives or two verbs ( but never nouns) ; the two qualities or two actions
must be complementary and not work against one another:
yu h o yu pi nyi
yu g o yu d
yu bh o yu gu
yu chyu h
Sh ngkde sh
hou xu
shngmen yu ni n yu xi.
The students are reading and writing during the class time.
T men yu ch ng yu ti o.
They are singing and dancing.
When two or more things ( nouns ) have some similarity, du ( both, all) should be
used in sentence rather than yu. . . yu. . . . :
P
ngguhxi ngji o du y o.
I want both apples and bananas.
Wmen dushxuZhngw
n de xusheng.
We are all Chinese learners.
2. Z
nme m i? How much is it?
( literally how do you sell it? ) is one way to ask for the price of goods ( but not
services) ; another way to ask for the price is dush o qi n How much is it? ( for
goods or services) .
? P
ngguz
nme m i?
? P
jiznme m i?
? Klznme m i?
? D di nhu dushao qi n yf
nzhng?
How much a minute for making a telephone call?
In asking the price of a service, dush o qi n means What is the rate?or What
is the fee?
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3. yku i yj
n one jin for one yuan
This is the way to tell price of something for a certain amount.
yku i one dollaris the price and yj
n half kilo is the amount with a
unit. The word for a unit depends on the particular item or service. For example:
li ng ku i r ybn
shku i qi n s n zh ng
sh
wku i qi n yw
i
y
b i l
ng wku i yti n 105 yuan per day
yku i qi n sg
The position of the price part and the amount part can be switched without any change of
meaning. For example:
ybn li ng ku i
r li ng ku i
r yb
n
s n zh ng shku i qi n
shku i qi n s n zh ng
one of each
yy ng li ng p
ng
yy ng yshu ng
yy ng s n h
yy ng wbn
? Zh pkyma?
? M
ngti n qk
yma?
Is it OK to go tomorrow?
If the topic is a verb phrase, kycan be either before or after the verb phrase:
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( )
? M
ngti n qk
yma?
Is it OK to go tomorrow?
? K
ym
ngti n qma?
Is it OK to go tomorrow?
or
kycan meanmayand precedes a verb:
Nkyyngzh
gdi nhu .
Wl i yp
ng p
ji.
Wl i li ng ge m ntou.
Wl i yw n m
f n.
7. by o le to want no more
is different from by o ( not to want) . is used when one decides not
to have more of something. is always in response to a question such as:
Q: ? H iy o bide ma?
Anything else?
A: By o le.
Nothing more.
Q: Z i chdi nr ba!
A: By o le.
No. Thanks.
zu d o s ncng
zu d o zhngw
Grammar Notes
yu h o yu pi nyi
yu g o yu d
yu bh o yu gu
yu chyu h
Sh ngkde sh
hou xu
shngmen yu ni n yu xi.
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T men yu ch ng yu ti o.
( ) , ( , )
P
ngguhxi ngji o du y o.
Wmen dushxuZhngw
n de xusheng.
2. Z
nme m i? How much is it?
( ) ;
,
?
P
ngguz
nme m i?
P
jiznme m i?
Klznme m i?
, :
?
P
nggudushao qi n?
D di nhu dushao qi n yf
nzhng?
, ?
3. yku i yj
n one jin for one yuan
,
:
li ng ku i r ybn
shku i qi n s n zh ng
sh
wku i qi n yw
i
y
b i l
ng wku i yti n
yku i qi n sg
, :
ybn li ng ku i
r li ng ku i
r yb
n
s n zh ng shku i qi n
shku i qi n s n zh ng
4. yy ng yj
n one jin for each kind of something
,
yy ng yg
yy ng li ng p
ng
yy ng yshu ng
yy ng s n h
yy ng wbn
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( )
5. ? K yma? Is it OK?
,
:
?
Dus n li ng kyma?
Zh pk
yma?
M
ngti n qkyma?
, :
?
Xu
bkyma?
, :
?
M
ngti n qkyma?
:
?
Kym
ngti n qma?
, :
Y
y ng l i yj
n.
Wl i yp
ng p
ji.
Wl i li ng ge m ntou.
Wl i yw n m
f n.
7. by o le to want no more
( ) ,
:
: ? H iy o bide ma?
: By o le.
: Z i chdi nr ba!
: By o le.
8. zu d o to walk to a place or until a time
,
:
zu d o dngbi n
zu d o s ncng
zu d o zhngw
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A:
D o
n r
B:
m ic i?
D o ch osh
.
m i shu
gu
z osh
chf n
f ngu nr
sh ng w ng
w ngb
m i shc i
c ish
ch ng
( movie theatre)
k n di ny
ng
di ny
ng yu n
n bian
di nhu
hu n qi n
y
nh ng
2.
Sh
nme
d
fang
zu
j
n?
shc i
x
nxi n
shu
gu
h och
di nhu k
gu
sh
ji n
h o
p
ji
pi nyi
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( )
3.
Y u
x
nxi n
yu
pi nyi.
h o
pi nyi
h o ch
du
h o
h o
j
n
ku i
pi nyi
4.
Z osh
shz osh ng
lidi n
,
k imn
jidi n
gu nmn.
Ch os h
b di n
xi w lidi n
C ish
ch ng
b di n
xi w sdi n
Sh ngdi n
qdi n
w n shang b di n
Y
nh ng
jidi n
xi w w di n
Yuj
b di n
xi w w di n
12 ( noon)
W ngb
qdi n
zhngwsh
r di n
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5.
A:
P
nggu
B:
znme m i?
S n ku i w
Xi ngji o
Li ng ku i
r
Jzi
Yku i w
6.
Li ngku i li
Pt o
Sku i
B ic i
Li ng ku i
Hlubo
Yku i w
Bi ndu
S n ku i
r
Tdu
Yku i b
X i ngji o
dushao qi n
y
j
n?
P
nggu
yj
n
D i nhu k
yzh ng
M i nb o
yge
G u ntou
yge
K
l
ybi
P
ji
yp
ng
M ntou
yge
y zh
Ch y
yli ng
61
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( )
7.
A:
Gu ntou
B: ,
z i n r?
Z i zhh ng,
zu d o tur.
Mi nb o
n h ng
d o tur
Ti oli o
yubian n h ng
d o zhngji n
Shc i
zubian n h ng
d o tur
P
nggu
zhbian
d o zhngji n
qi nbian n h ng
d o tur
P
ji
zhngji n n h ng
d o tur
8.
L i
li ng j
n
xi ngji o.
s n j
n
p
ngggu
y ge
mi nb o
li ng zh ng di n hu k
yge
sc i
s n b
i
k
l
sge
m ntou
yzh
yti o
li ng p
ng
p
ji
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Exercises
Listen to the following dialogue three times and then answer the questions:
hu nggu cucumber
j
le extremely
x
hngsh tomato
In a morning food market in Beijing
A. Owner of a vegetable stand c i t n xi o f n
B. A customer
A: ?
B: ?
A: , ?
B: ?
A:
B: !
A: !
B:
A: ?
B: ?
A:
B:
A: ,
B:
A:
Questions:
1) How much does the seller ask for the cucumber the seller asked?
?
2) Is the price asked higher than the market price according to the customer? And what is
the offer by her?
? ?
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( )
3) How many cucumbers does the customer want and how many does the seller provide?
?
4) What is the quantity for the second order and the unit price?
? ?
5) How much is the total and how does the customer pay?
? ?
canned food
vegetables
apple
bread
banana
orange
green beans
green pepper
fruit
meat
chicken
fish
a. 3 . 59
b. 2. 5 jin
c. Total 12. 47
d. 8. 00 a can
e. 5 . 60 per jin
4. Complete the followin g bla nks:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B:
A:
B: ,
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5. Role play:
a. In a supermarket, A plays the salesperson and B plays the customer. B shops for five
different things ( fruit,
vegetables, drinks,
using sentence
, ,
, , ,
8. M ake a shopping list that includes vegeta bles, fr uit, seasonings and household item s.
, :
65
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( )
Cultural Notes
Although China officially uses the metric system, you will find the traditional measurement
system called shizhi( market system) still in use in daily life. The following chart gives
the approximate conversion for weight and liquid volume in the Market, Metric, and U. S.
systems:
Market System
Metric System
U. S. System
Weight
1 jin
1 liang
0. 5 kilogram
50 grams
1. 1 pounds
1. 8 ounces
Liquid / Volume
1 sheng
0. 5 Liter
1. 8 pints
0. 88 quart
2. Discounts
When stores sell at a discount, there will be a sign saying b zh , which means
giving 20% discount and charging 80 % of the original price. If it sells for 90% of the
original price, it will be jizh.
3. M or ning Ma rket a nd Str eet M ar ket
Morning marketis where farmers come to sell fresh vegetables and other homegrown
produce. You can find these markets everywhere in China. They usually start at sunrise and
end between 9am and noon. There are also street markets everywhere in China now. Often
a street market will specialize in its product, such as cloth, antiques, or arts and crafts.
4. How to ba rgain
One can often bargain at morning markets and street markets. The sellers often ask a
higher price and leave room for costumers to bargain. The bargaining could start from half
price. Most department stores use fixed prices and do not bargain.
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Lesson Fourteen
D- sh
s K
Zugnggngq
ch
Key Expressions
hu D d
Q W iy xuxi o zu jl ch?
Y o hu n chma?
Zu jzh n?
?
N
Which direction?
ge f ng xi ng?
D o zh n q
ng g osu w xi ch.
, !
Wyu j
s h
,
q
ng n
n k i ku i di nr!
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( )
Dialogue I
( A wants to take a Bus
A )
X i ngzugnggng q
ch
A:
, ?
Q
ngw
n,
B:
,
N
A:
ky zu
ky zu d
ti.
jl gnggng q
ch?
8
Zu b l
A:
gnggng q
ch
,
?
Zu
B:
q W iy Xuxi o zu j l ch?
kngti o d b .
?
Y o hu n ch ma?
B:
Y o.
A:
?
Z i
B:
hu n?
Z i
A:
n r
N nj
ng L hu n.
?
H u n jl?
B:
10 12 ,
H u n shl
A:
hu sh
r l,
y
zh zud o Rnm
n
?
Zujzh n?
B:
Q zh n ba.
A:
Sh ng ch hu wnw en
?
W y
ng g i w ng
B:
s
j
.
n ge
f ngxi ng zu?
,
W ng x zu, d o
m l du
mi n
q sh ng ch.
68
Bil xi ch
.
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A:
Q
ch
du ch ng sh
ji n
l i
y
c
?
B:
K nng
shfnzhng
ba.
, , ?
A:
Sh
fu,
w qRnm
n
Bil,
dushao
qi n?
B:
y ku i.
, ?
A:
D o zh n q
ng
g os u
w xi ch,
h o ma?
B:
M i w
nt
.
A:
!
Xixi!
New Words I
public
bus
foreign language
VO
to take a bus
Meas
subway
big bus
VO
to change buses
PronN
gnggng
q
ch
w iy
zuch
d
ti
d b
hu n ch
N nj
ng
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( )
Conj
or
north
VO
VO
driver
Aux
should
direction
west
Qpron
how long
time
Qpron
how long
Aux
can, may
VO
Exp
no problem
hu
b
i
xi ch
zh n
sh ng ch
s
j
y
ngg i
f ngxi ng
duch ng
sh
ji n
duch ng s h
ji n
k
nng
sh
fu
d o zh n
mi wnt
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A: Excuse me, I want to go to the Foreign Language School. Which bus should
I take?
B: You can take either the bus or subway.
A: Which bus should I take?
B: The route 8 air-conditioned big bus.
A: Do I need to change buses?
B: Yes.
A: Where should I change buses?
B: At the Nanjing Road stop.
A: To which bus should I change?
B: No. 10 or 12, you take it all the way to North Renmin Road and get off at
that stop.
A: How many stops are there?
B: It may be about seven stops. Ask the driver after you get on.
A: Which direction should I go?
B: Go west. Go to the bus stop across the street.
A: How often do the buses come?
B: About every ten minutes.
*
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( )
Dialogue II
A )
zhnbi d
A:
q Dngmn L?
,
N xi n zu di nch,
A:
?
Z
nme
B:
II
z i hu n gnggng q
ch.
?
Duch ng sh
ji n nng d o n r?
B:
,
Rgu
A:
dch,
wmn
s nsh
fnzhng ji d o le.
Sh
ji n
B:
l ibuj
le.
n ji
d d ba.
*
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A:
( )
( zh
d
t)
B:
sh ng chba.
n r
y o
bi o ba.
,
W yu j
sh
,
B:
dushao qi n?
A:
d
fang.
?
D o
B:
W y o q zhge
,
X
ng,
A:
q
ng n
n k i
ku i di nr.
X
ng.
A:
?
H oxi ng z i
B:
z i
xi y
ti o
q
ng z i
S h
w
A:
N
n zh
d o
z i
n r
m a?
ji.
, ?
D o le,
B:
fj
n.
K nng
A:
zh
r
lku
t
ngxi .
T
ng z i
n ge
lu qi nbian. Dushao qi n?
ku i qi n.
!
X ixie!
New Words II
II
VO
trolley bus
Conj
if
VO
traffic jam
Adv
d d
di nch
rgu
dch
ji
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( )
Exp
place
Vt
to point
map
Adj
OK
VO
emergency
Vt
to drive, to start
Adj
fast
Adv
seems
Vt
to know
street
intersection
to stop
l ibuj
d
fang
zh
d
t
x
ng
d bi o
j
s h
k i
ku i
h oxi ng
zh
d o
ji
lku
t
ng
Supplementary Words
Adj
slow
taxi
policeman
parking lot
m n
chz q
ch
j
ngch
t
ngchch ng
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curb
PropN
Shenzhen University
PropN
Walmart
lbi n
Shnzhn D xu
l oji
Y
ngyji o
W
rm
II
Taking a Taxi
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( )
Grammar Notes
1. q to go
is followed immediately by a place word and does not need a proposition for the place
word:
qW iyXuxi o
qB
ij
ng D xu
to go to Peking University
qc nt
ng
to go to the cafeteria
qZhnggu
to go to China
And zuchmeans to take a bus or some other vehicle. You can also say:
zugnggng q
ch
to take a bus
zuj
lch
zu
rsh
wlch
3. ? Zuj
lch? What bus do I take?
is developed from a verb-object expression zuchto ride a bus ( or any
kind of vehicle) . by itself meansto sit. The answer might be:
Zush
wlch.
lhere no longer means roadbut the bus route, number, or line. More
examples when zumeans to takeor to rideare:
zuwgudi nch
zugnggng q
ch
to take a bus
zufij
to take a plane
zuchu n
to take a boat
4. zud o to take a bus or taxi to some place or do something until a certain time.
For example:
zud o W iyXuxi o
to take a bus to the Foreign Language School
zud o Shnzh
n D xu
to take a bus to Shenzhen University
zud o huch
n zh n
zud o li ng di n
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5. wnwen to ask
is a reduplication of w
n. See Lesson 12, Grammar Note 8 .
6. d o . . . qu to go to ( some place)
is a grammatical framework into which a place word is inserted:
d o W iyXuxi o qu
to go to the Foreign Language School
d o Bij
ng qu
to go to Beijing
d o tshgu n qu
to go to the library
d o sh
t ng qu
to go to the cafeteria
to go to the library
to go to Beijing
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( )
Y
nh ng gu nm
n le. L ibujhu n qi n le.
The bank is closed. I can t make time to change
money.
, J
nti n bqm ipi o, m
ngti n jil ibujle.
If we don t buy tickets today, we won t do it
anymore tomorrow. ( Because today is the last
day they sell tickets. )
If there is enough time to do something, use l idej( there is enough time ( to do
something) :
M
ngti n qm i pi o h i l idej
.
It is not too late to buy tickets tomorrow.
9. d d to take a taxi
is to take and is taxi. ( to take a taxi ) is loaned from a Cantonese
expression. is a short form of d
sh( taxi) . But in recent years, a new expression
d chhas developed and is more popular than in northern cities.
Gnggng q
chmi yu le. Wmen d dba.
There is no more bus. Let s get a taxi.
Mi sh
ji n le. Wmen d ge dba.
There is no more time. Let s get a taxi.
10. d bi o to start the meter ( of a taxi)
d here means to set or to start; bi o is the meter. d bi o is a verb-object
form.
11. K i ku idi nr. Please drive a little faster.
This is an imperative for asking a person to drive faster. If the context makes the meaning
clear, you can skip k i and just say ku idi nr:
Zu ku idi nr.
Please go faster.
xi yli ng ch
The noun can be omitted, but the measure word must be kept:
xi yg
xi yli ng
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xi yc
xi li ng
xi c
13. T
ng z i n
i ge lu qi nbian. Please stop in front of that building.
z i as a preposition followed by place words usually is placed before the main verb, as
in ? Z i n r hu n qi n? Where to change money? But with some verbs, the
z i phrase can be placed after the main verb in order to indicate that the place is a
destination. In t
ngz i n ge lu qi nbian, the destination is
n ge lu qi nbian, where the car will stop.
Grammar Notes
1. q to go
, :
qW iyxuxi o
qB
ij
ng D xu
qc nt
ng
qZhnggu
Wzush f .
zugnggng q
ch
zuj
lch
25
zu
rsh
wlch
3. ? Zuj
lch? What bus do I take?
( )
:
15
Zush
wlch.
,
, :
zuwgudi nch
zugnggng q
ch
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( )
zufij
zuchu n
4. zud o to take a bus or taxi to some place or to do something until a certain time
; :
zud o W iyxuxi o
zud o Shnzh
n D xu
zud o huch
n zh n
zud o li ng di n
5. wnwen to ask
8
6. d o . . . qu to go to ( some place)
, :
d o W iyXuxi o qu
d o Bij
ng qu
d o tshgu n qu
d o sh
t ng qu
:
d o tshgu n qu = = qtshgu n
d o Bij
ng qu = qB
ij
ng
7. rguji if. . . then. . .
, :
Rgumiyu p
nggujim i xi ngji o.
,
Rgumi k, wjiqtshgu n.
, :
Rgum ntou wjiby o.
:
Rgushm ntou wjiu by o.
, ,
8. l ibuj there is not enough time ( to do something)
, : sh
ji n l ibuj
:
J
nti n bqm ipi o, m
ngti n jil ibujle.
, :
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M
ngti n qm i pi o h i l idej
.
9. d d to take a taxi
, ( )
,
Gnggng q
chmi yu le. Wmen d dba.
M
i sh
ji n le. Wmen d ge dba.
Zu ku idi nr.
xi yge rn
xi yli ng ch
, :
xi yge
xi yli ng
xi yc
, :
xi ge
xi li ng
xi c
13. T
ng z i ni ge lu qi nbian. Please stop in front of that building.
, , : ? Z i
n r hu n qi n? ,
T
ng z i n ge lu qi nbian,
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( )
A: ?
2.
B: 25
Zu rsh
wl ch.
QW iyXuxi o zu j
lch?
10
Sh ngh i Zhngxu
sh
30
Shnzhn D xu
s ns h
332
B
i d x
mn
s ns nr
Zhngguy
nh ng
t b
11
Yuysh ngdi n
sh
y
A: ?
Wy
ngg i w ng n ge f ngxi ng zu?
B:
W ng xzu.
qi n
hu
b
i
n n
3.
A: ?
B: 3
Y o hu n ch ma
ch.
Y o hu n s nlq
6
lildi n ch
8
b l kngti o d b
r l zhngb
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4.
D o
m l du
mi n
sh ng
ch.
xuxi o qi nbian
hu n
d lu hubian
dng
gu ngch ng zhngji n
zu
yuj p ngbi n
t
ng
d mn du
mi n
s h ng
xuxi o n bian
xi
5.
W y o q zhge d
fang.
Yyu nlku
Shnzhn
W iyXu
xi o
B
id
D ngmn
Zhnggu Y
nh ng
B
ij
ng D xu
ngu n
X
nyu n B
Wrm
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( )
6.
Q
ng z i
lku
t
ng xi .
d mnku
luqi n
zhr
yuj p ngbi n
y
nh ng qi nmi n
xi ti o ji
q
ch
zh n
lbi n
Exercises
Listen to the dialogue three times and then answer the questions:
di ( must)
dngwyu n ( zoo)
yt ng ch( one scheduled bus)
ku ich( express bus)
zh
n de ( really)
A: , ?
B: , 11 , 332
A: 332 ?
B: 332 , , ,
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A: , 11 , 332 ?
B:
A: 332 ?
B:
A: 332 ?
B: 332
A: ? ?
B:
Questions:
1) What buses should be taken to go to Peking University?
?
2) How many stops are there for the first bus, and for the second?
?
3) Where is the transfer place?
?
4) How frequent is the second bus?
?
5) Is there any traffic jam en route?
?
2. Role play:
Make questions and answers similar to the example according to the information for each:
Example:
A
Q
ng wn, qBij
ng D xuzujlch?
Y o hu n chma?
B
Byng.
A ?
Zujzh n?
B 10
Zu10 zh n.
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( )
A
W ng n ge f ngxi ng zu?
W ng bi zu.
left
right
front
back
north
south
east
west
opposite
down
middle
next to
4. G ive the Pinyin for the followin g words a nd put their common r adical in the br ackets
,
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a.
b. 15
c. , ,
d. 808 ,
e.
Cultural Notes
1. Bus
There are several kinds of public buses in China.
a. Regular bus ( gnggng q
ch) The fare is rather low. Less than 4 yu n can
take you from one end to the other of the bus line in Beijing.
b. Electric trolley bus ( wgudi nch) The fare is similar to the regular bus
but it runs slower.
c. Van ( called xi o gnggng ) These usually run parallel to the busy bus lines
that go to tourist areas. The fare is 1 yu n to 6 yu n. It usually runs faster than the bus.
d. Air-conditioned bus( kngti o d b ) Its fare, which is higher than a regular
bus, is usually from 2 - 12 yu n depending on the distance you travel.
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( )
e. Tour bus ( lyu d b ) These buses run special routes to tourist attractions.
You can buy tickets at hotels and travel agencies.
2. T axi
In China the taxis have a sign on the roof and are usually painted white, yellow or red.
There are different fares for different colors of taxis in some cities.
3. Subway
Only a few cities ( Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou) in China have subways. Beijing has
two linesone is a circle line which has 18 stops around downtown area of Beijing. The
other is a straight line cross from east to west at the center of Beijing. The fare is 2 yu n
regardless of distance traveled.
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Lesson Fifteen
Seeing a Doctor
D - sh
w K
Key Expressions
/ /
l
dzi /
tu tng /
y
xi r
t
wn /
K n
B
ng
hu y n d bi n
xi ohu
f sh o
/
li ng
indigestion
bli ng
Zh y o znme ch
?
,
Y ti n
s n c
,
yc ypi n.
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( )
Dialogue I
A ?
N n r
B ,
shfu?
, ,
w t
D ifu,
le,
f lng,
b xi ng ch dngxi.
A ? ? ?
N f s h o
ma?
tu tng ma?
ksou
B ,
B zh
d o
f sh o
ma?
b f sh o,
tu yu
di nr
tng,
ksou.
A ?
L
dzi
ma?
B
L
le
li ng c
.
A ?
N y
qi n
dguo
shnme b
ng?
B
W dguo
g oxuy .
A ?
N dguo
x
nz ngb
ng
miyu?
B
Mi dguo.
, ,
X i n li ng
y
xi r
t
w
n
n
de
xuy ,
t
ngting
x
nz ng,
r nhu
q hu y n
y
xi r
d bi n.
*
A
N de
t
w
n
xuy
du zhngch ng,
,
bli ng,
ch di nr
y o ji h o
le.
B ?
Zhy o
znme
ch
?
90
yudi nr
f sh o.
N sh xi ohu
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A ,
Yti n s n
c
,
,
y c y pi n,
f n hu ch
.
New Words I
Adj
I
comfortable
shfu
bshfu
doctor
Vt
to vomit
VO
to feel cold
Adj
cold
things
VO
to have a fever
head, top
Adj
cough
Vt
belly, abdomen
VO
to have diarrhea
Vt
to get, to have
d ifu
f lng
l
ng
dngxi
f sh o
tu
t
ng
ksou
dzi
l dzi
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( )
Part
N /Vt
blood pressure
Adj
high, tall
heart
heart disease
Vt
to measure, to test
body temperature
Vt
to listen
Conj
Vt /N
laboratory test
N /Vi
Adj
normal
N /Vt
digestion / to digest
Adj
good, fine
gu
b
ng
xu
y
g o
x
nz ng
x
nz ngb
ng
li ng
t
wn
t
ng
r nhu
hu y n
d bi n
zhngch ng
xi ohu
li ng
indigestion
xi ohu bli ng
medicine
Meas /N
y o
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Prep
Exp
after meals
hu
f nhu
A Your temperature and blood pressure are all normal. You have a little fever.
You have indigestion. You will be fine after taking some medicine.
B What is the dosage for this medicine?
A Three times a day and one pill each time, to be taken after meals.
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( )
II
Dialogue II
A ?
N znme
B ,
W y tng,
le?
,
tngde
l
h i,
b nng y o
dngxi.
Q
ng zh ng k i zu
. N b de y o di o
le,
y y
n
yudi nr
f y n
B ? ?
H i nng b m a?
ba?
?
N du m y o
Nng b.
byng
gum
n
ma?
, , ,
B gum
ng,
ksh w j
nti n
b n
ng
b,
w g nm o
le,
hx yudi nr
knn n.
A
Nde
,
y
z i
f y n ,
j
nti n
y b nng b.
94
W xi n g
i
n k i
di nr
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, ?
xi oy ny o,
z i
yyu
yti n
l i
b y .
N du xi oy ny o
gum
n
B ?
B gum
n.
B y
y o dushao qi n?
A
Jis h ku i.
New Words II
II
teeth, tooth
Adj
terrible, sharp
Vt
to bite, to chew
Vr
mouth
Vt
to fill, to repair
VO
Vt
to fall, to drop
gums
Vt
to have an infection
to pull out
VO
Prep
l
hai
y o
zh ngkai
zu
by
di o
y y
n
f y n
b y
du
95
ma?
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( )
anaesthetic
Adj
to be allergic to
VO
to breath
Adj
difficulty
antibiotics
Vt
to make an appointment
m y o
gum
n
g nm o
hx
knnan
xi oy ny o
yyu
Supplementary Words
Body Parts
sh
ntbwi
ear
eye
nose
throat
chest
lower back
back
whole body
rduo
y njing
b
zi
s ngzi
xingku
y o
bi
qu nsh
n
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leg
tu
Symptoms
zhngzhu ng
VO
cramps
VO
to bleed
burn
VO
Adj
dizzy
chu j
n
lixu
sh osh ng
lib
t
tuyn
food poisoning
sh
wzhngd
diabetes
rheumatism
epilepsy
t ngni ob
ng
fngsh
di nxi n
Medicine
y o
PropN
aspirin
Western medicine
cold medicine
As
p
l
n
Zhngy o
X
y o
chu ngk
ti
g nm oy o
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( )
pain killer
zh
t
ngy o
II
Grammar Notes
1. k n b
ng to see a doctor
Literally is to have a doctor examine what disease the patient suffers from. b
ng is
disease or sickness. Sometimes people also say k n d ifu, which also means to see
a doctor, but it is preferable to say . You can also be more specific by saying k n y n
( to have doctor examine what happened with one s eyes ) , k n tu( to have doctor
examine what happened with one s legs) , etc.
2. ? Nn r bshfu? What is wrong with you?
literally means where or what part of your body is not comfortable. This is
a typical way for one to inquire about other s health situation, especially for a doctor to get
information from his patient in order to make a diagnosis. bshfu may indicate
pain and any kind of irritation.
3. f sh o to have a fever; f y n to have inflammation
Notice that unlike the English pattern ofto have + disease name, Chinese uses specific
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f sh o
to have a fever
f y n
to have inflammation
ksou
tu tng
to have a headache
bi tng
d o h n
hxyudi nr knnan
J
nti n yudi nr l
ng.
N ge sh ngdi n yudi nr yu n.
Zhge ch ojsh
ch ng de dngxi yudi nr gu
.
Wyudi nr f sh o.
J
nti n sh ngwwhu nguo qi n.
I changed some money this morning.
Wqguo Bij
ng.
T mixuguo Zhngw
n.
db
ng( to have disease) is in the structure of verb + object. The general term
b
ng can be joined or replaced by many other specific words for specific diseases:
dx
nz ng b
ng
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( )
Wd
guo wib
ng.
T cngl i m
i d
guo g nm o.
Xi n li ng t
w
n, r nhu hu y n d bi n.
Test your temperature first, then exam your stool.
If there are more two verbs, xi n should be before the first verb, z i before the
second, and before the last verb:
, ,
Xi n hu n qi n, z i d di nhu , r nhu qm i dngxi.
First change money, then make a phone call, and then go shopping.
can also be followed by jiand precede the second verb
,
T chf n ch
de h
n ku i.
He eats very fast.
Yu
h n ji o Y
ngwn ji ode hn h o.
John teaches English very well.
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Whu nguo qi n.
I changed money.
Wg
i M
igud guo di nhu .
I once made phone calls to America.
( Literally: I have experience exchanging money or making calls to America. )
, T qguo Zhnggu, mi qguo R
b
n.
He has been to China, not to Japan.
?
Nk nguo Zhnggudi ny
ng ma?
Have you ever seen a Chinese film?
Nji oguo Y
ngwn ma?
Have you ever taught English?
The action or event in verb + gucertainly occurred in the past, but guas a particle of
aspect is not a mark for past tense.
11. du
. . . gum
n to be allergic to, to have allergy to
Basically ( to be allergic, to have an allergy) is an intransitive verb, that is to say
can not take any object. So du( to, towards) is used to introduce the allergen,
and the whole phrase comes before the verb :
Wduhu f
n gum
n.
Yude rn duwij
ng gum
n.
I am allergic to pollens.
Grammar Notes
1. k n b
ng to see a doctor
,
( ) , ( )
2. ? Nn r bshfu? What is wrong with you?
,
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( )
3. f sh o to have a fever; f y n to have inflammation
, +
:
f sh o
ksou
b
i t
ng
f y n
tu tng
d o h n
hxyudi nr knnan
J
nti n yudi nr l
ng.
N ge sh ngdi n yudi nr yu n.
Z hge ch ojsh
ch ng de dngxi yudi nr gu
.
Wyudi nr f sh o.
: , ,
5. t
ng pain, hurt
,
6. ( ) dguo ( b
ng) to fall( ill) ; to have ( a disease)
,
( )
, +
+ + :
J
nti n sh ngwwhu nguo qi n.
WqguBij
ng.
T mi xu
guo Zhngw
n.
+ ,
:
dx
nz ngb
ng
Wd
guo wib
ng.
T cngl i m
i dguo g nm o.
Xi n li ng t
wn, r nhu hu y n d bi n.
, , ,
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, ,
Xi n hu n qi n, z i d di nhu , r nhu qm i dngxi.
, :
,
9. t
ngde l
hai very painful, seriously hurt
+ + ,
( ) :
T chfan ch
de h
n ku i.
Yu
h n ji o Y
ngwn ji ode hn h o.
Whu nguo qi n.
wg
i Migud guo di nhu .
( , )
,
T qguo Zhnggu, m
i qguo Ribn.
Nk nguo Zhnggudi ny
ng ma?
Nji oguo Y
ngwn ma?
+ , ,
,
11. du. . . gum
n to be allergic to, to have allergy to
:
Wduhu f
n gum
n.
Yude rn duwij
ng gum
n.
Wde p
ngyou duh ixi n gum
n.
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( )
N n r
tu tng.
b shfu?
( throat)
s ngzi
zh
r
dzi
( chest)
xingku
( lower back)
y o
( back)
bi
( whole body)
qu nshn
( stomach)
wi
( leg)
tu
2.
N du
xi oy ny o
gum
n ma?
s
p
l
n
m y o
zhge
Zhngy o
X
y o
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3.
f sh o
le.
g nm o
shu i ji o
( food poisoning)
sh
w zhngd
dzi
( constipation)
bi nm
di o tuf
gum
n
( cramps)
chuj
n
( bleed)
lixu
( runing nose)
lib
t
ksou
( dizzy)
tuyn
hx knn n
zhngs h
( sea sick)
ynchu n
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( )
4.
A: ?
B:
N y
qi n dguo shnme b
ng?
Wdguo g oxuy .
( diabetes)
t ngni ob
ng
x
nz ngb
ng
( stomach trouble)
wib
ng
( skin disease)
p
fb
ng
( dysentery)
l
j
5.
A:
N dguo
?
x
nz ngb
ng miyu?
B:
M i dguo.
di nhu
Zhnggu
p
ji
ch
f n
ch
xu
Zhngguwnxu
xu
ch
y o
ch
ji o
Y
ngwn
ji o
k n
hu j
k n
zu
fij
zu
10 6
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6.
Xi n
chf n,
r nhu
chy o.
li ng xuy
t
ng x
nz ng
xi o y n
b y
li ng t
wn
hu y n
chy o
shu
ji o
qsh ngdi n
q yuj
hu n qi n
m iy o
7.
Ch
di nr
y o
ji
h o le.
Ch
f n
b o
shu
x
ng
Hu n
qi n
gu
8.
A ?
Zhy o znm e ch
?
B , ,
Yti n
s n c
,
li ng
s npi n
z o w n f nhu
y
,
li ngpi n,
shu
ji o qi n
Li ng
y
,
y
pi n,
w nf n qi n
10 7
yc ypi n,
f nhu ch
.
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( )
Exercises
Listen to the following dialogue three times and answer the questions:
A doctor
B patient
A ?
B
A ? ?
B
A ?
B
A ?
B
A ?
B
A ?
B
A
B , ?
A
,
B
Questions
1) What are the symptoms of the patient?
?
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2) When did the patient last eat food and what was it?
? ?
3) What did the doctor conduct on the patient?
?
4) What was the initial diagnosis by the doctor?
?
a. ?
a. .
Nf sh o ma?
Wt
u t
ng.
b. ?
b. 100
Nch
guo y o ma?
100 ku i.
c. ?
c.
Zh
ge y o znme ch
?
Bf sh o.
d. ?
d.
Nn r bshfu?
Wd
guo g oxu
y .
e. ?
e. , .
By y o dushao qi n?
Yti n s n c
, ycypi n.
f. ?
f.
Ncngqi n dguo sh
nme b
ng?
Mi ch
guo.
3. For each of these ver bs, a dd a n object fr om the text to make a verb object
combination
4. Role Play
A is sick and goes to see Dr. B. A tells his /her symptoms such as fever, diarrhea,
headache, vomiting, chills, etc. Dr. B tells him / her what illness it is, prescribes
medicine and tells how to use the medicine.
10 9
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( )
5. Add guto ea ch of these ver bs or verb phases a nd tr anslate into English
,
Example:
chy o
f sh o
by
b y
zugnggng q
ch
l dzi
hu y n d bi n
li ng t
wn
hu y n
d o zh n
xi ch
m i di nhu k
d di nhu
q
chu ng
qxu
xi o
f y n
chxi oy ny o
yyu
k n b
ng
11 0
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Cultural Notes
1. Registra tion
Medical Record
mnzh
n b
ng l k
Name
Sex
x
n gbi
x
ngm
ng
Profession
z h
y
hny
n
Married
y
hn
Age
n i nl
ng
Not married
w i hn
Address
d
z h
Medical history
gum
ns h
Hospital address
y
yu n d
z h
Emergency telephone
j
z hn di nhu
Zip code
yu bi n
The hospital keeps the patients medical records, not the doctor.
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( )
2. E xam ining R oom
In the big hospitals, the patient will see a nurse first. to have an arrangement. In China the
doctor sits in the examining room and the patients come and go. You will simply join the
line outside of the doctor s examination room with other patients. The doctor will make a
very quick exam and give you the prescription. The nurse normally will take your
temperature first and the doctor will take your blood pressure.
3. Payment
You pay all the fees, including the examination fee and prescription, at the payment
window before you get the medicine.
4. Phar macy
The pharmacy is in the hospital in China. You take the prescription and the receipt of your
payment to the pharmacy window and give them to a pharmacist to fill the prescription,
while you are waiting at the window. The pharmacist will tell you how to take the
medicine and will also write the instructions.
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Lesson Sixteen
D- sh
li K
Zh o Xi ng h LF
Key Expressions
?
P i y
zh ng zh opi n dushao qi n?
?
Shnme sh
hou
q?
, 36
, 400
C is de, s ns h
lizh ng, s
b i de
,
l f ,
haircut, shave
gu li n
x tu, chufng
Ji n du n
y
di nr.
Bsh ng ms
.
11 3
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( )
Dialogue I
)
( At a Photo Shop
Z i z h o xi ng gu n
A ?
P i y
zh ng zh o pi n dushao qi n?
B ?
Hib i
de
h ish
c is
de ?
A
Hib i
de .
B ?
de ?
X dud
X hzh o hu shnf
nzhng yng de .
B ,
H zh o yng de li ng cn,
shnf
nzhng yng de
? ?
Y cn de dushao qi n ?
B
Y cn
de
y cn .
Li ngcnde
dushao qi n ?
szh ng s hku i , li ng cn de
A
W y o li ng cn de.
s zh ng
?
S hnme
sh
hou
q zh opi n ?
B
M
ngti n
xi w .
A
W by o
d i b ibi n
de.
B
H o.
A ?
C is ji oju n
znme
B ,
Kd
rshr
m i?
Fsh
rsh
ku i
11 4
y
ju nr.
rsh ku i .
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A
, 36 , 400
W y o li ng ju n
Kd ,
s nsh
lizh ng, s
b i
de.
B ?
H i y o
A
B y o
ma ?
bide
le .
?
Y
gng dushao qi n ?
, ,
Li ng ju n ji oju n
s
sh
s
ku i ,
z i
rsh ku i qi n p i zh opi n de qi n ,
y
gng
lis h
s
ku i.
New Words I
photo shop
picture, photo
VO
Adj
black
Adj
white
color
passport
identification card
zh oxi nggu n
zh o xi ng
zh opi n
xzh opi n
hi
b i
h
ib i
c is
hzh o
sh
nfnzhng
11 5
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( )
Unit
1 /30 meter
Vt
Vt
to bring, to take
white borders
film
PropN
Kodak
PropN
Fuji
Meas
roll
cn
d i
b ibi n
ji oju n
K
d
Fsh
ju n
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11 7
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( )
Dialogue II
( At a barbershop
)
Z i l f
A ,
w y o
Byng,
di n
, ?
Sh
fu ,
B ,
lf ,
y o dng hn ji ma ?
?
q
ng zhbian zu.
N
n y o ji n shnme y ng de?
Ji n du n
y
di nr .
A ?
Ji n dushao ?
B
Ji n y cn.
B ?
Y o bu y o
A ,
Y o,
II
x tu ?
y y o chufng.
11 8
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B ?
li n ma ?
Y o gu
A ,
Y o,
hzi .
y gu
B ?
ky ma ?
Zhy ng
A
Zhr
y
di nr.
q
ng z i q di o
Sh ng
m s ma ?
A ,
Byng le,
?
dushao qi n ?
B
rs h
ku i.
B ,
Wmen
y yu
A ,
T i h o le,
b l
ng shu fi .
nm,
q
ng
nm
w de tu
y
xi r
New words II
h bi .
II
VO
hair
Adj
long time
Vt
to cut
Qpron
what kind of
lf
ji
ji n
shnmey ng
11 9
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( )
Adj
short
VO
VO
to blow dry
blow
wind
VO
shave
to shave, to scrape
face
beard, moustache
Dpron
like this
Vt
to trim
Vt
to put on
Vt
to massage
Adv
VO
Vt
fee, cost
du n
xt
u
chuf
ng
chu
fng
gu li n
gu
li n
hzi
zhy ng
sh ng
m
s
nm
l
ng
shu fi
shu
f
i
12 0
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Supplementary Words
VO
Vt
VR
to thin it out
Adj
thin, slight
Vt
to perm, to heat up
VO
VR
to trim evenly
Phr
facial
barber shop
hair style
VO
to cut hair
Exp
long hair
short hair
ch
ng ju n
ch
ng
d b o
b o
t ng
t ng f
ji n q
tud
ng
li ngp ng
mi nb
mif t
ng
f x
ng
ttu
di nn o xu n f
ch ngf
du nf
12 1
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( )
II
Grammar Notes
Nshm i h
ib i de h ishm i c isde?
Do you buy black and white or color?
ewww.book118.com
?
Nm i h
ib i de h ishm i c isde?
Nm i h
ib ide h ish( m i) c isde?
[ ] ?
M
iti n z oshang whybi ch hushyb
i k f
i.
Every morning I drink either a cup of tea or coffee.
2. q to take, to pick up, to fetch ( something)
Use when you go to some other place to take or pick up something ( not somebody)
?
Sh
nme sh
hou q?
Nhdi nr sh
nme? Wgi nn .
What drink do you want? I ll bring it for you.
3. ju n roll
is a measure word for the things in rolls
yju n ji oju n
a roll of film
yju n b
a roll of cloth
yju n w
ishnzh
4. Ji ndu n y
di nr Please cut it a little shorter.
Imperatives, that is, to asking somebody do something, usually use the pattern of Verb +
[ adjective + ( yi) dianr]
Q
ng k i ku i y
di nr. Please drive a little faster.
Nshum n y
di nr. Please speak slowly.
Zu ku i di nr
Be quick, please!
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( )
?
Y o lf ma?
Y o gu li n ma?
6. z i again, then
When comes before a verb it can mean either again or, when one action follows
another, then
!
Hu ny
ng z i l i!
Q
ng nz i shuyc
.
Qde sh
hou z i g
i.
, ! J
ngti n ti nqbh o, m
ngti n z i qba!
It isn t fine today, go there tomorrow.
Grammar Notes
Nshm i h
ib i de h ishc isde?
,
?
Nm i h
ib i de h ishm i c isde?
, :
( ) ?
( ) ?
: ( ) , or :
M
iti n z oshang whybi ch hushyb
i k f
i.
2. q to take, to pick up, to fetch ( something)
( ) :
?
Shnme sh
hou q?
( ) :
? Nhdi nr sh
nme? Wg
i nn .
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3. ju n roll
:
yju n ji oju n
yju n b
yju n w
ishngzh
4. Ji ndu n y
di nr Please cut it a little shorter.
, + + ( ) :
Q
ng k i ku i y
di nr.
Nshum n y
di nr.
Zu ku i di nr.
5. ? Y o buy o xtu? Do you want a shampoo?
+ ? + +
, +
+ :
?
Y o lf ma?
Y o gu li n ma?
6. z i again, then
, :
!
Hu ny
ng z i l i!
Q
ng nz i shuyc
.
:
Qde sh
hou z i gi.
, J
nti n ti nqbh o, m
ngti n z i qba.
Q
ng z i
qdi o
y
di nr.
j i n du n
b o
ji hu
s hj
n
12 5
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( )
2.
P i
y
zh ng zh opi n
dus hao qi n?
y
zh ng hi b i de zh opi n
wzh ng
c is de
zh opi n
li ngz h ng
y
cn de zh opi n
s nz h ng li ng cn de zh opi n
C hng
y
j u n ji oju n
C hngx
3.
y
j u n ji oju n
S hnm e s h
hou
qzh opi n?
l f
xzh opi n
hu n qi n
sh ng k
q xuxi o
xi k
nm
k n b
ng
by
12 6
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4.
N
n y o
ji n
shnm ey ng de ?
chu
m i
d
ng
yng
5.
Y obuy o
?
xt u?
x zh opi n
m i ji oju n
chufng
gu l i n
nm
ji n du n
y
di nr
gu
hzi
t ng f
b o
ji n q
12 7
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( )
Exercises
Listen to the following dialogue three times and answer the questions
Y
h
yu n Summer Palace
A. Foreign student
B. Chinese student
A , ?
B ?
A ?
B ?
A ?
B
A ?
B
A ?
B
A
B
A , ,
B , ?
A
Questions
1) Where is the photo shop?
?
2) How many rolls of film is the foreign student going to develop?
?
3) What is the different rate to print a photo in different stores?
?
4) What are they going to do after going to the photo shop?
12 8
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b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
200
400
24
36
5. Role play
a. A goes to get a haircut. B is the barber. B asks what A wants to be done today. A asks
12 9
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( )
the barber to cut his / her hair 4 centimeters shorter, wash his / her hair, blow dry, shave
his beard or perm her hair, and then massage his / her head and back.
A B B A A 4 , ,
, ,
b. You are in a photo shop. Ask to have your picture taken for a visa and find out the
size, color, and the shape required and the cost.
, , ,
13 0
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15
20
60 - 200
30
Cultural Notes
1. Shampoo is standard in Chinese barber shops for both women and men. If you are prefer
that they use a gentle shampoo, you can ask for that. Chinese barber shops usually provide
massage of the head, upper back and shoulders. Sometimes it is free and sometimes there
is an additional charge.
2. If you need some pictures for passport or identification card, you may go to the photo shop
where you can also develop and print pictures or buy the color film.
13 1
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( )
Lesson Seventeen
D - sh
qK
Key Expressions
m i
Buying Things
M i Dngxi
to buy clothes
y
fu
Wchu n
s nsh
b h o
I wear size 38 .
de.
?
N
ng pi nyi
di nr m ?
AA size battery
wh o di nch
w nnng ch zu
13 2
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Dialogue I
( At a Clothing Store
Z i fzhu ngdi n
AStore attendant
B Foreigner
Shu huyu n
W igurn
A ?
N
n y o m i sh
nme
y
fu?
B
W y o m i chnsh n h kzi.
N
n chu n dud
de ?
h o
B
Zhngh o de.
A ?
Zhji n chnsh n h zhti o
kzi
z
nmey ng?
ky
.
Chnsh n h i
W b x
huan
zh
ti o
kzi
de
y ns.
W x
huan
?
his de.
A ,
Yu ,
Yu miyu
his de?
?
zh
ti o
B ,
T i ch ng le,
znmey ng?
?
y yudi nr
A ,
N
n sh
shi
Hn hsh
.
zh
ti o
kzi
sh
shi zhshu ng xi ma?
N
n chu n dud
b n ti o
h o
de?
Wchu n
kzi
shu,
W ji m i zhti o.
B
k
y
y
di nr de?
Yum
iyu shu
zhti o,
fi.
s nsh
ji h o
b n de.
13 3
y m
iyu n ti o ch ng.
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( )
A
Zh
s hu ng znm ey ng?
le .
T i j
n
Yu miyu
de.
s
sh
h o
H
n h o. Nng pi nyi
A ,
rb i ku i,
Yu nji
H o.
di nr de?
Zhshu ng sh
di nr
m a?
, ?
m i gi n
y
b i wshku i,
znmey ng?
?
Z i
n r
fqi n?
A
Shuku nt i z i n bian.
B
Xixie.
New Words I
clothing store
shirt
Vt
to wear
Exp
medium size
Meas
Vt
to like, to prefer
fzhu ngdi n
shuhuyu n
chnsh n
kzi
chu n
dud
h o
zhngh o
ji n
x
huan
13 4
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color
black color
Adj
long
Adj
loose-fitting, fat
Adj
y ns
his
ch ng
f
i
shu
to try
sh
shi
Vt
to try
Adj
shoe
Meas
pair
Adj
Adj
cheap, inexpensive
original price
VO
to pay money
cashier
s h
hsh
xi
shu ng
j
n
pi nyi
yu nji
fqi n
shuku nt i
13 5
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( )
13 6
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II
Dialogue II
A ,
Q
ng wn, yu
wny q ma?
B ,
Yu,
y
b i yu n
yge.
,
Wm
n h i yu
bji ndu n
di nyu n
lib iyu n
yge.
A ?
B ji ndu n di nyu n gn
wny q
y
y ng m a?
UPS ,
B y
y ng.
yuji o
UP S.
T
ng di n sh
,
, UPS
yng y
du n
sh
ji n,
suy U PS
A ?
N
men
B
Yu.
y
yu
di nyu n ch zu ma?
S
sh yu n
y
ge.
A
W y o nng li nji
di nn o de n zhng.
13 7
wny q gu
.
h i
ky
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( )
B
W nnng ch zu
ky duyng.
A ?
W nn
ng ch zu gn di nyu n ch zu y
y ng
pi nyi ma?
B:
Y
y ng.
A:
,
H o.
W y o
yt i
b ji ndu n di nyu n
yge
w nnng ch zu,
h iy o
li ng ji wh o
di nch
.
B
H o.
Dushao qi n?
B
Y
gng
lib i wsh yu n.
A ?
N r
yu m i ru np n
ly
nd i
de?
B
Z i l
bian.
A ?
Zh o xi ngj h
lxi ngj
ne?
Z i lush ng.
New Words II
II
VO
surge protector
V /N
to be disconnected, interrupted
electrical power
w
ny
w
ny q
ji ndu n
di nyu n
13 8
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Vo
Meas
a period ( of time)
Conj
therefore
electrical socket
Vt
to connect, to link
computer
Meas
kind, type
Adj
all-purpose
Adj
all-purpose plug
Adj
battery
floppy disk
tape
camera
video recorder
Pn
upstairs
di nyu nxi n
bji ndu n di nyu n
t
ng di n
du n
suy
ch zu
li nji
di nn o
zhng
w nn
ng
w nn
ng ch zu
duyng
di nch
ru np n
ly
nd i
zh oxi ngj
lxi ngj
lush ng
13 9
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( )
Supplementary Words
Clothing
y
w
skirt or dress
shorts
pajamas
robe
underwear
T-shirt
sweater
bra / brassiere
gloves
socks
coat, jacket
tie
belt
x
zhu ng
qnzi
du nk
s hu
y
shu
p o
nik
T
T
xsh n
m oy
( )
rzh o xingzh o
shut o
m ozi
w zi
w it o
l
ngd i
p
d i
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Sizes
ch
m
large size
small size
d h o
xi oh o
Colors
y ns
N / Adj
red
N / Adj
blue
N / Adj
green
N / Adj
pink
N / Adj
yellow
brown color
hng
l n
fn
hu ng
k fis
Electronics
di nq
power strip
di ny zhu nhu nq
/
jixi nb n / ch zu
D size battery
y
h o di nch
C size battery
rh o di nch
AA size battery
wh o di nch
q
h o di nch
14 1
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( )
cell phone
beeper
CD
CD player
VCD
DVD
s huj
hj
CD
CD p n
j
gu ng ch ngj
j
gu ng y
ngdi
( )
s hzi gu ngp n
di
II
ewww.book118.com
B: Upstairs.
Grammar Notes
This is my book.
It can also to take the position of a noun in sentence. In a phrase, may follow a
noun, pronoun, numerical adjective, verb, phrase, or even a sentence
Wy o yzh ng shku i de.
I want one 10 yuan.
, Zhge shwde. N ge shnde.
This is mine and that yours.
? N
n chu n dud h or de?
Wx
huan hisde.
? Yu d di nr de ma?
? Shnzhn de ti nqz
nmey ng?
How is the weather in Shenzhen?
z
nme is also how, but only acts as an adverb, which precedes the verb rather
than taking the position of the verb
, ? Q
ngw
n, qX
nyu n B
ngu n znme zu?
14 3
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( )
May I ask, how can I get to Xinyuan Hotel?
? Nz
nme ji o Y
ngwn? How do you teach English?
? Nzh
d o z
nme ch H nyc
di n ma?
Do you know how to use a Chinese dictionary?
3. ti o a measure word for some long and narrow things
yti o y
a fish
yti o ji
a street
yti o h
a river
pants is also yti o kzi in Chinese because of the long, narrow shape.
4. X bY + adjective X is more adjective than Y
This is structure for comparing one thing to some other thing
Zh
ji n y
fu bn ji n d .
This jacket is larger than that one.
T bt ji
jie pi oliang.
She is more beautiful than her elder sister.
To avoid repetition, the other item being compared can be shortened to a pronoun or a noun
T de Zhngw
n bwde Zhngwn h o.
His Chinese is better than mine.
can be simplified to T de Zhngwn bwde h o.
T de Zhngwn bwh o.
Niyude dngxi bHu shngdn de dngxi gu
.
New
York
is
more
expensive
city
than
Washington.
can be simplified to
N
uyude dngxi bHu shngdn de guor
N
uyude dngxi bHu shngdn gu
.
In Chinese an adjective intrinsically has the meaning of comparative degree. You don t
need to add any word of degree to the adjective for the comparative structure. The
following would be wrong
INCORRECT
T de Zhngwn bwhn h o.
INCORRECT
T bt ji
jie fich ng pi oliang.
But words with the meaning of quantity are allowed to be added to the adjective in the
comparative structure
T de Zhngw
n bwh o dule.
His Chinese is much better than mine.
Zhge f ngji n bn ge f ngji n d y
di nr.
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yshu ng xi
a pair of shoes
yshu ng w zi
a pair of socks
yshu ng ku izi
a pair of chopsticks
yshu ng shu
also means double, which implies that the two mentioned things are exactly the
same. The measure word for some other things in pairs is durather than
yduni or
yduff
yduhu p
ng
Q
ng nshum n y
di nr.
?
Zhji n chnsh n bh
sh
. Yu d y
di nr de ma?
This shirt does not fit me. Are there one a bit larger?
14 5
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( )
y
di nr in each of the above examples indicates a little amount and some of them
can be replaced by a numeral and a measure word. For example
?
Zhshu ng xit i gule. Nng pi nyi li ng ku i qi n ma?
This pair of shoes is too expensive. Can you cut down by two dollars?
Y
yu n bsh ngdi n yu n ygngl
.
The hospital is one kilometer further than the store.
, ?
Zhji n chnsh n bh
sh
. Yu d yh or de ma?
This shirt does not fit me. Are there any one size larger?
The structure adjective + is different from ( yu y
di nr +
adjective) . The latter is related to degree rather than quantity . Notice that in the
following examples the structure + adjectivecould be replaced by another
adverb of degree
J
nti n yuy
di nr l
ng.
J
nti n hn lng.
Hxyu y
di nr knn n.
Hxf
ich ng knn n.
Grammar Notes
1. de
( )
, :
dngti n de xu
, Zhshm i de c i, bshzude c i.
T j
nti n chu n le yji n x
n de sh ngy
.
Zhshwde sh.
:
Wy o yzh ng shku i de.
, Zh
ge shwde. N ge shnde.
? N
n chu n dud h or de?
Wchu n zhngh o de.
Wx
huan hisde.
? Yu d di nr de ma?
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2. ? Zhji n z
nmey ng? How about this ( article of ctothing) ?
, , :
? Nsh
ntz
nmey ng?
? T de Zhngwn znmey ng?
? Shnzhnde ti nqz
nmey ng?
:
, ? Q
ngwn, qX
nyu n B
ngu n z
nme zu?
? Nznme ji o Y
ngw
n?
? Nzh
d o z
nme ch H nyc
di n ma?
3. ti o ,
yti o y
yti o ji
yti o h
,
4. X bY + X is more adjective than Y
X Y X Y:
Zhji n y
fu bnijian d .
T bt ji
jie pi oliang.
, :
T de Zhngwn bwde Zhngw
n h o.
:
T de Zhngwn bwde h o.
:
T de Zhngwn bwh o.
Niyude dngxi bHu shngdn de dngxi gu
.
:
Niyude dngxi bHu shngdn de gu
.
:
Niyude dngxi bHu shngdn gu
.
,
:
: T de Zhngw
n bwh
n h o.
: T bt ji
jie fich ng pi oliang.
,
T de Zhngwn bwh o dule.
14 7
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( )
Zhge f ngji n bn ge f ngji n d y
di nr.
Wbt d li ng su
.
5. ji then
,
:
, Zh
shu ng h
n hsh
, wjim i zhshu ng.
, Ti nqbh o, wm
n jiz i ji k n di nshba.
6. shu nga measure word for certain things in pairs
, :
yshu ng xi
yshu ng w zi
yshu ng ku izi
yshu ng shu
; ; , :
yduni or
yduff
yduhu p
ng
yshu ng y njing, :
yfy nj
ng
yfshut o
7. ( ) pi nyi( y
) di nr; ( ) d ( y
) di nr adjective +
:
?
Zhshu ng xit i gule. Nng pi nyi y
di nr ma?
Y
yu n bsh ngdi n yu n y
di nr.
Wj
nti n h o y
di nr le.
Q
ng nshum n y
di nr.
?
Zhji n chnsh n bh
sh
. Yu d y
di nr de ma?
+
:
?
Zhshu ng xit i gule. Nng pi nyi li ng ku i qi n ma?
14 8
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Y
yu n bsh ngdi n yu n ygngl
.
, ?
Zhji n chnsh n bh
sh
, yu d yh or de ma?
+ +
, ,
+ :
J
nti n yu ydi nr lng.
J
nti n h
n l
ng.
Hxyu y
di nr knnan.
Hxfich ng knnan.
1.
chu n
s nsh
b h o de.
d h o de
xi oh o de
sh
wh o b n de
hi de
b i de
l de
s nsh
b h o
de
( extra large)
td h o de
14 9
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( )
2.
A
Zhti o kzi
z
nmey ng?
Zhti o
mi yu
n ti o fi.
N ji n
zhji n d
Zhshu ng xi
Zhshu ng
n s hu ng j
n
N ti o qnzi
N ti o
zhti o du n
Zhji n T
xsh n
Zh
ji n
Zhti o du nk
Zhti o
n ti o h
s h
N ji n chnsh n
n ji n gu
3.
x
huan
hisde.
b is de
k fis
de
W ng xi ojie
ls
de
qi nsde
sh
nsde
d nhu ngsde
sh
ngz
s de
Zh ng l os h
ti nl ns de
Wnr
d hngs de
N wi l orn
hig
zi
15 0
de
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4.
n ti o kzi
shu.
Zhge y ns
n ge y ns
hi
CD
shuy
nj
gu
Zhti o kzi
D i nsh
Di nn o
pi nyi
Sh
t ng
ji osh
yu n
Zhshu ng xi
n shu ngxi
j
n
Zhji n chnsh n
Zhge
l
f di n
n ji n chnsh n
n ge
h o
l
f di n
5.
Wky
zhshu ng xi
ma
sh
shi
n ji n chnsh n
zhti o du nk
T
zhji n T
xsh n
n ti o qnzi
n ji n zhng h o de chnsh n
n ji n d h o de
m oy
zhshu ngs nsh
q
h o
15 1
b n de xi
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( )
6.
T i
j
n
le.
Yum
iyu
d di nr de?
xi o di nr de
di nr de
gu
pi nyi di nr
de
j
n
sngdi nr de
du
sh odi nr de
g o
idi nr
de
hu
b odi nr
de
7.
A: ?
Nng pi nyi di nr ma?
B: ,
M i gi ny
b iwshku i,
rshku i
y
b i ku i
b shku i
lishku i
s ns hku i
shku i
sh
yku i
15 2
?
znm ey ng?
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8.
Zhti o kzi
miyu
n ti o
ch ng.
Xi w
sh ngw
S c i
ruc i
gu
Zhji osh
m ng
ji osh
g o
W ngb
yuj
yu n
p ng
9.
Y umiyu
shu
?
y
di nr
h o
gu
xi o
du n
ch ng
j
n
15 3
de?
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( )
10.
W nnng ch zu
gn
di nyu n ch zu
y
y ng pi nyi ma?
Wny q
bji n du n di nyu n
gu
Zhjidi nch
n jidi nch
h o
Zhge di nn o
n ge di nn o
CD
Zht i
n t i
s huy
nj
pi n yi
Zhji n ch
nsh n
n ji n chnsh n
Zhzhng ji oju n
n zhng ji oju n
h o
Zhshu ng xi
n shu ng xi
gu
Zhge f ngji n
n ge f ngji n
Zhge
ch
cn
11.
n ge
UPS
IP
Zhg
ch
cn
du n
wny q
gu
.
IP
n ge
h o
Wde shngri
nde shngri
w n
Wsh ng de k
Y
nh ng
Zh ng xi oji
J
nti n ti nq
nsh ng de k
du
yuj
yu n
W ng xi oji
xi o
zuti n ti nq
h o
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Exercises
Listen to the following dialogues three times and then answer the questions
A Customer
B Store clerk
A , ?
B ?
A
B ?
A
B
Dialogue 2
A , ?
B?
A
B ?
A
B
Dialogue 3 3
A , ?
B ?
A
B ?
A
B
Questions
1) What is the item to be changed and why must it be changed, in the first dialogue?
? ?
2) What is the item to be changed and why must it be changed, in the second dialogue?
? ?
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( )
3) What is the item to be changed and why must it be changed, in the third dialogue?
? ?
2. Fill in the blanks with the app ropr iate measure wor d
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
80
80
7)
20
20
5) What are one or two expressions you can use when you bargain?
5. A. W r ite the Pinyin for the following items an d tra nsla te into E nglish
15 6
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red
black
blue
white
yellow
green
( shu i m i)
Cultural Notes
1. Chin ese mar ket system
As you learned in Lesson 13, although China officially uses the metric system, you
still will find the traditional market system ( sh
zh ) for weight, area, volume,
length, and distance. T he following chart gives the approximate conversation for length,
distance, and area in the Market, Metric and American systems
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( )
Market System
Metric System
American
L ength
1 cn
1 ch
1 zh ng
3. 3 cm
0. 33 m
3. 3 m
1. 3 in
1. 1 ft
3. 6 yds
Distance
1 l
1 m
1 q
ng
500 m
6. 7 acre
6. 7 hectare
0. 3 mile
0. 16 acre
16. 5 acre
2. How to conver t?
To convert centimeters to inches, multiply by 0. 39
To convert inches to centimeters, multiply by 2. 54
To convert meters
1 meter = 39. 4 inches
= 3. 3 feet
= 1. 1 yards
1 yard = 0. 91 meters
1 foot = 0. 3 meters = 31 centimeters
Your height in meters
Feet
5
5. 1
5. 2
5. 3
5. 4
5. 5
5. 6
5. 7
5. 8
5. 9
5. 10
5. 11
6
Meters
1. 52
1. 54
1. 57
1. 59
1. 62
1. 64
1. 68
1. 70
1. 73
1. 75
1. 78
1. 80
1. 83
3. Receipt Xi opi o
When you pay at the cashier in a store, you will receive a small receipt on white,
yellow, blue, or pink paper. It is called a xi opi o ( receipt) . You should keep it
because you will need it if you want to exchange, return, or have repairs made to the
merchandise.
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15 9
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( )
Lesson Eighteen
Visiting Family
D - sh
b
F ngwn Ji t
ng
Key Expressions
W ji yu s
ji n
yu j
ku
rn?
?
N
n
wsh
.
?
N
n ji
Wzhngz i xuzuZhnggu c i?
Ny o f f ngz h shu
di nfi ma?
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Dialogue I
I
B
Zh ng l os h
xusheng
A ?
Zh ngl osh z i
B ,
ma?
Z i,
q
ng j
n.
A ,
N
n de
f ngzi
hn d ,
!
zhn pi oliang!
, ,
W ji
yu
w sh
,
sji n
yge
kt
ng,
yge
chf ng
h li ng ge
wi s hngji n.
A ?
N
n ji
yu
jku
rn?
B ,
W ji
yu liku r
n,
w h
irn
zh y
ji n,
rzi
n
r
mi r
n
w b ba
zh y
ji n.
m ma
gn w men
y
q zh.
A ?
S n
d irn
y
q zhf ngbi n ma?
, ,
W h
irn
du gngzu,
b ba
m ma b ng wmen
k n
,
Wmen
ky
zh og t men,
mi shnme bf ngbi n.
A ?
N
n
irn
zu shnme gngzu?
B
T
sh gngs
j
ngl
.
?
A
N
n
b ba
m ma
ne?
16 1
h izi,
zuf n.
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( )
B
T imen du
tu
xi le.
A ?
N yu xingd jim
i ma?
W yu
yge
gge
y ge
jijie
y ge
d
di
t men
du z i
w id
.
New Words I
Adv
really; truly
Adj
beautiful, pretty
Meas
bedroom
living room
kitchen
bathroom
son
daughter
father, dad
f ngzi
zhn
pi oliang
ji n
w sh
kt
ng
chf ng
w ishngji n
irn
rzi
ner
b ba
16 2
y ge
mim ei,
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mother, mom
generation
Adj
convenient
V /N
Vt
to help
children
Vt
to take care of
Exp
doesn t matter
company
manager, director
VO
to retire
elder brother
younger brother
elder sister
younger sister
elder brother
other place
m ma
d i
f ngbi n
gngzu
b ng
h izi
zh og
mi shnme
gngs
j
ngl
tu
xi
( )
d
( d
di)
( )
ji
( jijie)
( )
mi
( mimei)
gge
w id
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( )
Nothing is
inconvenient.
A What does your wife do?
B She is a company manager.
A How about your father and mother?
B They are both retired.
A Do you have brothers and sisters?
B I have one older brother, one older sister, one younger brother and one
younger sister. They all live in other places.
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II
Dialogue II
Wn Xi o y
ng z i ma?
Z i.
Zh ng l osh q
ngj
n.
B
H
n bcu.
A ,
Zhsh wm en xuxi o
de
w iji o
ssh.
Zhl hn
nj
ng.
Du
,
s sh
y
nwi
ji osh
b
ji o
yu n,
s uy
fich ng nj
ng.
X uxi o
,
bd n
gi
le
w yji n
hn h o
de
ssh,
rqi
ji j.
B ?
Kt
ng
l de
ji j
dush xuxi o de
ma?
Sh
,
sh f
shgu
di nshdu
shxuxi o de.
16 5
h i
gi le
w bsh o
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( )
B
Ws h de
dngxi
, ,
Sh .
Nk n,
zhuzi
y
zi
y dush xu
xi o de.
Nch ngch ng
y bsh o.
z
j zhuf n
ma?
, ,
Wzhng z i xu zu Zhngguc i,
chf ng lyu b
ngxi ng
, , ,
wibl,
l
ngw i,
xuxi o
h i
le
bsh o
:
chf ng
yngj:
gu w n
p nzi
c ib n
c id o
ku izi
sh ozi
ch zi.
B ?
N y o
A ,
f f ngz h shu
di nfi ma?
Byng,
du sh mi nf
i de.
B
T i h o le.
New WordsII
II
foreign teacher ( short form for w igu
w iji o
ji osh )
dormitory
Adj
Pn
here
Adj
quiet
s sh
bcu
zhl
nj
ng
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Prep
Adv
fairly, relatively
Adi
extremely
Conj
because . . . therefore
Conj
Pron
quite a few
furniture
sofa
bookcase
table, desk
chair
double-bed
Adv
often
Adv
refrigerator
microwave
Conj
in addition to
Vt
to provide
b
ji o
fich ng
y
nw
i
suy
bd n
rqi
bs h o
ji j
sh f
s hgu
zhuzi
y
zi
shu ngrnchu ng
ch ngch ng
zhngz i
b
ngxi ng
wibl
l
ngw i
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( )
pot, wok
bowl
cutting board
kitchen knife
chopsticks
spoon
fork
rent
VO
yngj
gu
w n
p nzi
c ib n
c id o
ku izi
sh ozi
ch zi
f ngz
shu
di nfi
mi nfi
II
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Grammar Notes
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( )
sh
n me ( nothing) . If is followed by adjectives, it means exactly nothing.
m
i sh
nme bf ngbi n meansvery convenient. If is followed
by nouns, it means exactly not so much. For example,
Wmi shnme qi nI don t have so much money.
Wmi q
ng sh
nme r
n. I didn t invite so many people.
4. ? Wn Xi oy
ng z i ma? Is Wen Xiaoying in?
Most of time is a preposition with the meaning inor at:
Wz i Zhngguji o Y
ngwn. I teach English in China.
Wz i Shnzhn zh. I live in Shenzhen.
is also a verb with the meaning to be located in:
Bij
ng D xuz i B
ij
ng. Beijing University is in Beijing.
If you ask whether a person is available when you call on the telephone or visit a place,
you will use the expression ( somebody) z i ma? in the sentence of
? means at home or in the office. The positive answer is and the negative answer is
bz i:
A , ? Q
ngwn, W ng xi nsheng z i ma?
May I ask, is Mr. Wang here?
B , Z i. Q
ng j
n.
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,
Wg
ge bd n x
huan xiz
, rqiyx
huan k n sh.
My older brother likes to write Chinese characters, but also read.
6. byng do not need to
is an auxiliary verb placed before the main verb. byng + verb means that
there is no need to do something
Nbyng hu n ch. You don t need to transfer ( to another train) .
Nbyng d
ng w. You don t need to wait for me.
Zugnggng q
chbyng xi n m i pi o.
You don t need to buy a ticket in advance when taking the bus.
y o ( must) or di ( must) is the positive form of byng ( not yng)
( ) Zufijny o ( d
i) xi n m i pi o.
You must reserve a ticket when traveling by air.
Grammar Notes
1. zh
n really, truly
, :
! N
nde f ngzi zh
n pi oliang!
Nm ma zude c i zhn h och
.
, + ,
:
: Nyu ydng zhn pi oliang de f ngzi.
: Nm ma huzuzhn h ochde c i.
: Nyu ydng h
n pi oliang de f ngzi.
: Nm ma huzuh
n h ochde c i.
really truly, really truly
2. ? S nd ir
n y
qzhf ngbi n ma? Is it convenient for three
generations to live together?
,
3. M
i sh
nme bf ngbi n. Nothing is inconvenient.
, ,
,
17 1
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( )
,
, :
Wmi shnme qi n.
Wm
i q
ng shnme rn.
4. ? W
n Xi oy
ng z i ma? Is Wen Xiaoying in?
, :
Wz i Zhngguji o Y
ngwn.
Wz i Shnzhn zh.
, :
B
ij
ng D xuz i Bij
ng.
? ,
, ( ) ?
, :
A, ? Q
ngw
n, W ng xi nsheng z i ma?
B, Z i. Q
ng j
n.
A? Zh ng l oshz i ma?
B, Bz i, t chqle.
5. bd n . . .
rqi Not only . . . but also
, :
, T bd n Y
ngw
n h o, rqiZhngw
n h o.
, Zh
zhng chbd n gu
,
rqibh ok n.
, :
, Wbd n y o hu n qi n, h iy o g
i Migu
d di nhu .
, T bd n shwde pngyou, yshwde l o
sh
.
, Wbd n z i Shnzhn ji o Y
ngw
n,
rqi
h i ji o l nqi.
, Wgge bd n x
huan xiz
, rqiy
x
huan k n sh.
6. byng do not need to
, + :
Nbyng hu n ch.
Nbyng d
ng w.
Zugnggng q
chbyng xi n m i pi o.
( ) ( )
17 2
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( ) Zufijny o ( d
i) xi n m i pi o.
s
ji n
Wji yu
wsh
.
yge kt
ng
s n ge x
z oji n
yge chf ng
yge b
ngxi ng
yge wibl
yt i di nsh
li ng ji n f ngzi
yzh ng zhuzi
s nb
y
zi
li ng zh ng chu ng
2.
?
Zh ng l oshz i ma?
N jijie
G
ge h d
di
T b ba
m ma
17 3
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( )
3.
A
N
n irn
zushnme gngzu?
gngs j
ngl
.
sh
Nm ma
shuhuyu n
T g
ge
T d
di
xusheng
N
mn de mimei
fwyu n
T mn de b ba
tu
xigngr
n
( editor)
Zh ng l oshde H izi
4.
A:
Ny o
B:
ff ngzma?
Byng.
fshu
di nfi
hu n qi n
d di nhu
m i dngxi
k n di ns h
zuf n
m i xi
m i di nch
17 4
l osh
bi nji
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5.
Zh
n
pi oliang!
bcu
h o
gu
cngm
ng
f ngbi n
m n
g ox
ng
nj
ng
ku i
6.
Xuxi o bd n
,
gi le
ssh
rqi h i gi le
bs h o
ji j.
hle y bi ch
hle yp
ng p
ji
xuH ny
ji o Y
ngy
m i y
fu
m i xi
( fax)
W ng l osh
d di nhu
f chu nzhn
Xushng
shuH ny
xiH nzi
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( )
7.
zhngz i
xu
zuZhngguc i.
G
ge
h p
ji
Jijie
xz o
B ba
k n di nsh
Mimei
shu
ji o
D
di
xuH ny
H izimen
sh ng w ng
Exercises
Listen to the following monologue three times and then answer the questions
,
Questions
1) What is the speaker s surname and full name?
? ?
2) Where was he born?
?
3) What did he study when he was in college?
?
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a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4. M atch the words in the left a nd r ight colum ns to form an appr opr iate expression
a.
a.
b.
b.
c.
c.
d.
d.
e.
e.
a. My wife and I have this room. My son has the next room.
b. My daughter s room has a double bed, a TV, a table and two chairs.
c. My father is a manager; my mother has retired.
d. My older brother and younger sister both live in another city.
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( )
e. This kitchen is furnished with a refrigerator, microwave, dishes and cookware.
f. I don t need to pay rent and utilities.
g. My older sister is learning to cook Chinese food.
1) What are the rooms in a house? What is the use of each room?
2) What are the types of furniture in a house?
3) How many members are there in your family?
4) What are the major types of housework for a family with children?
5) How do you describe a house, including its location?
7. Role play
A invite B to his /her house. A show B around and describe the arrangement of rooms in
his / her house to B . B asks questions about A s house and family, getting as much
information as possible: family members, their ages, their jobs, arrangement of rooms in
the house, utilities and surroundings, etc.
A B / A B / B
A , : , , ,
,
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Cultural Notes
1. T o a ddress people
To address a person senior to you in age or rank, add the person s title after his /her
surname. For example: W ng zng for CEO Wang, Lj
ngl for manager
L
, Zh ng l osh for teacher Zh ng.
To address your peers, colleagues or friends, you can add xi o or l o before their
surname. For eaxmple: Xi o W ng , L o Zh ng .
To address people you don t know, you call a young lady xi ojie , call a man
xi nsheng , call working people ( cook, driver, etc. ) sh
f . Tngzh
( comrade) is still used to address a man or woman you don t know, but has become less
common now.
2. Receiving guests
It was a common practice in urban China that relatives or friends will come to visit without
calling first, but now this practice is rare. If a guest suddenly appears at your door, you
usually should invite him /her in. If you are really busy at that time, you can politely say
sorry and that he / she is welcome to come back some other time.
3. Being a guest
When you visit a Chinese friend s house, especially the first time, it is polite to bring a
small gift such as fruit, chocolate, liquor, or something from your hometown. Chinese
often not open the gift in front the guest, but wait until the guest has left. Clocks and
umbrellas are not favored gifts, because clock ( zhng ) is a homonym of dead
( zhng ) . The word for umbrella s n is a homonym of separation ( s n ) .
4. Chin ese fa mily
Some Chinese families are still extended families, often with three generations living under
the same roof. Sometimes even four generations live together, but it is rare. In recent
years, the nuclear family has become prevalent among young people. Under the Chinese
government birth-planning policy, each urban couple usually can have only one child and
each rural couple can have two children .
irnis a term borrowed from Russian. It means spouse and is used for both
wife and husband in modern China. It is not used in Taiwan or Hong Kong. Colloquially,
Chinese also use l ogng for husband and l opfor wife.
17 9
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( )
18 0
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Lesson Nineteen
Weather
D
-sh
ji K
Ti n
Key Expressions
wind blow
G u fng
weather forecast
Ti nq yb o
Ww ng le d i ys n.
?
X n de
ti nqznmey ng?
snow
xi xu
18 1
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( )
Dialogue I
A , ?
Gu f
ng le,
hubu hu xi y?
B ,
W k n le
ti nq yb o,
j
nti n yu y.
A ?
J
nti n dus hao d?
B
S ns h
b d.
A
Hn r.
B
Xi
le
y ji li ngkuai le.
A
W w ng le d i
ys n.
B , ,
W yu ys n,
y yu
yy
,
ky ji g
i n
.
?
N y o
yy
h ish ys n?
A , !
W ji ys n
ba,
duxi!
New Words I
VO
wind blow
Aux
VO
to rain
rain
gu f
ng
hu
xi y
18 2
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weather
to forecast
Adj
hot
Adj
cool
Vt
to forget
raincoat
umbrella
Vt
to borrow
Exp
many thanks
ti nq
yb o
li ngkuai
w ng
yy
ys n
ji
duxi
18 3
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( )
II
Dialogue II
, ?
Ng ng cng X n
B ,
Y
b n
X n
l i,
de
ti nq
znmey ng?
l ishu,
X n
de
ti nq bcu,
s
j
de
ti nq du b y
y ng.
Chnti n h
n nu nhuo.
Xi ti n
t i r
.
A ?
Dngti n j
ngch ng xi xu ma?
B , ,
Du
, j
ngch ng xi xu,
guq
X n
dngti n de fng hn d .
Zu
j
n
j
ni n
h o
?
y
xi
le.
Shnzh
n dngti n y xi xu ma?
Shnzh
n cngl i
b xi xu,
ky shuShnzh
n m
iyu
sh
hou
zh
yu
q b
d.
18 4
dngti n.
Zulng de
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B
t i
h ole.
Y
nw i
p lng,
suy
w b
x
huan
dngti n.
Xi ti n
?
ne?
Cng w yu d o
Xi ti n h
n ch ng hn r.
sh
yu du sh xi ti n.
Zu r de
sh
hou
s
sh du d.
J
ngch ng
xi y
ma?
J
ngch ng
xi y,
s n.
B ?
N l oji
de
ti nq
znmey ng?
l o ji
s
j
rchn,
b lng
y b
r.
Su
r n
xi ti n
b ch ng
,
xi y,
d nsh ch ng xi w.
New Words II
II
adv
just
Prop
Exp
generally speaking
Adj
general
four seasons
spring
Adj
warm
g ng
X n
y
b n
l i s hu
y
b n
s
j
chnti n
nu nhuo
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summer
autumn, fall
winter
Adv
often
VO
to snow
Tn
in the past
Tn
recently
xi ti n
qiti n
dngti n
j
ngch ng
xi xu
guq
zu
j
n
a few years
j
ni n
PropN
Adv
never
Exp
Conj
because
Vt
to be afraid of
Conj
from
Conj
from. . . to
Adv
always
Part
Shnzhn
cngl i b
kyshu
y
nw i
cng
cng. . . d o
zng
zhe
hometown
Exp
l oji
Sj rchn
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Conj
although
Conj
but
fog
s u
r n
d nsh
II
Grammar Notes
Object
gu ( to blow)
fng ( wind)
xi ( to fall)
y( rain)
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( )
xi ( to fall)
xu( snow) .
Notice that in Chinese no subject is used in the following sentences describing weather:
Gu f
ng le.
[ It] is windy.
Xi yle.
[ It] is raining.
Xi xe le.
[ It] is snowing.
Zu
j
n j
ni n h o y
xile.
Xi yy
hu jili ngkuai le.
J
nti n huxi y.
Nde b
ng chdi nr y o jihuh o.
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Examples:
? Nhu
buhul i Gu ngzhu? Will he come to Guangzhou?
? J
nti n hu
buhuxi y? Will it rain today?
When you speak hubu hu
, put a stress on the first and use neutral tone for
bhu
.
4. Completion leaspect particle
Xi le yjili ngkuai le. ( When it rains, it will be cooler. ) Notice
that the sentence has a new situation at the end of the sentence ( see Grammar Note 2
above ) and another earlier in the sentence. The first , which immediately follows the
verb xi ( to fall) is called a completion because it indicates the action involved
( xi ) has been completed. Each is an aspect particle. It only tells the aspect but not
the tense of the verb. The tense is related to the time, but the aspect is not. Instead the
aspect is related to the state of the action or activity itself: starting, in process, or
finished. The aspect particle can be used for a past event and also for a future event.
Notice the following examples:
M
ngti n xi le yjili ngkuai le.
Ta zu le ma?
Has he left?
Sh
, t zule.
Grammar Notes
gu
fn
xi
xi
xu
, :
Gu f
ng le.
Xi yle.
Xi xule.
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( )
2. aspect particle
, ,
:
, ,
:
Zu
j
n j
ni n h o y
xile.
Wb ba hm ma du tu
xile.
By o le.
Xi yy
hu jili ngku i le.
3. hu will + verb / adj
,
:
J
nti n huxi y.
, Zh
me w n le, wxi ng t bhul i le.
Nde b
n chdi nr y o jihuh o.
:
, D o Sh
nzh
n y
hu, whug
i nd di nhu .
, Wy o xuPtnghu . W bhuxu
Gu ngdnghu .
+ + + :
? Nhu
buhul i Gu ngzhu?
? J
nti n hu
buhuxi y?
,
4. aspect particle
, ,
( )
,
,
:
M
ngti n xi le yjili ngkuai le
, ,
:
? T zu le ma?
, Sh
, t zule.
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Zur
de sh
hou
sh s
s hdud.
Zulng
2.
xi xuti n
Zu
nu nhuo
Zhngw
Zu
li ngkuai
qiti n
G u fng
le.
Xi y
Xi xu
X i w
( typhoon)
Gu t ifng
Li ngkuai
Nu nhuo
Lng
Xi b
ngb o
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( )
3.
Ww ng le
d i ys n.
hu n qi n
m i di nch
k n b
ng
x y
fu
m i mi nb o
d di nhu
yy
q nji
sh ng k
4.
S u
r n
,
xi ti n
bch ng xi y,
ksh
ch ng xi w.
zhge c i h
n gu
hn h och
ti nqhn r
ch ng xi y
zhji n
b h
s h
y
fde
y nsh
n h o
shZhnggurn
t de
Y
ngyhn h o
zhge f ngji n hn d
b nj
ng
H nyh
n n n
wx
huan xu
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5.
?
N l oji de
ti nqz
nmey ng?
Chnti n h
n nu nhuo.
X i ti n hn r
Q iti n hn li ngkuai
Dngti n hn lng
Xi ti n ch ngch ng xi w
Sjrchn
Blng b r
Cngl i bxi xu
Y ush
hou gu t ifng
Q
yuch ngch ng xi y
6.
Cng
wyu
d o
sh
yu
zur.
s hryu
eryu
zulng
s nyu
Wyu
zunu nhuo
jiyu
sh
y
yu
zuli ngku i
jidi n
sh
y
di n
zum ng
y
h o
wh o
zuli
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( )
7.
Shnzhn
cngl i b
xi xu.
W de ji xi ng
gu d fng
H iku
xi w
d di nhu
Zh h izi
xux
W b ba
d d
zugnggng q
ch
jijie
W gge
s hng b
ng
Zh ng xi oji
chru
W ng xi nsheng
x y
fu
k ndi nsh
n inai
W ir
n
q
ch
8.
Y
nwi
wp lng
suy
w b t i x
huan dngti n.
chs
m i s c i
miqi n
bm i ch
miyu rnm
nb
y o hu n qi n
shM
igurn
bhushuH ny
x
huan y
j
ngch ng chy
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9.
lng
r.
p ng
shu
xi o
ch ng
du n
ku i
m n
Exercises
Listen to the following monologues three times and then answer the questions
Several Chinese and Americans are studying in a school in Beijing. They sit together and
talk about the weather in their hometowns.
Read the new words and expressions you need to know for speaker A
A
A. d och
everywhere
sh
trees
sh n
mountain
h o k n
attractive
river
hu
thick, heavy
f ngzi
house
jud
to feel
A , ,
,
Read the new words and expressions you need to know for speaker B
B
W ibian h i k izhe hu . There are flowers outside.
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( )
B , ,
, ,
Read the new words and expressions you need to know for speaker C
C
hn xi ng
very similar
ch
ng
city
Question
Can you guess the places described by each of the four students? What facts support your
guesses? ? ?
2. Give the Pin yin for the following words an d tra nsla te them into E nglish
a.
b.
c. ,
d.
e. ,
40
f. ,
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g.
h.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
5. Role play
A. Compare the four seasons in your hometown with another place you have been.
B. T ell your classmate the weather forecast you heard broadcast today. Mention at least
five elements weather, temperature, differences between morning and afternoon, wind
direction, possible changes, etc.
6. T ran slate the following sentences into Chinese
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( )
7. Read the following foreca st and tr anslate into E nglish
,
Cultural Notes
1. Fahr enheit-C entigra de
- 10
- 29
- 18
29
60
11
80
32
100
38
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2. T he tr adition al Chin ese solar ca lenda r divides the year into 24 pa rts, called the Solar
T er ms, a s mar kers for a gricultur al a ctivities. T he four sea sons begin a t the mid - points
between the Spr ing E quinox, Summer Solstice, Fa ll E quinox, and W inter Solstice. The
fir st da y of ea ch of the Solar T er ms is r eferr ed to b y the na me of the Sola r Term . The
following is a list of the 24 Solar T er ms:
1. L
chn - Start of Spring, February 4 or 5
2. Yshu- Rain Water, February 19 or 20
3. J
ngzh - Waking of Insects, March 5 or 6
4. Chnf
n - Spring Equinox, March 20 or 21
5. Q
ngm
ng - Pure Brightness, April 4 or 5
6. Gy - Grain Rains, April 20 or 21
7. L
xi
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( )
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Lesson Twenty
Travel
x
ng
D- rs h K
Key Expressions
,
ru nw ,
xi p
?
Z i n ge
Which platform?
zh nt i?
?
Jdi n
q
fi?
?
Z i
j
h o
d
ngj
ku
dngj
?
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( )
Dialogue I
A
W y o
yzh ng q Sh ngh i de
h ish
tku i?
?
Y o tku i.
Jdi n
k i ch?
41
S
sh
yc tku i w nshang b di n
huch
pi o.
?
Y o pku i
k i.
?
Y o hu n chma?
?
Byng.
Y o y
ngw h is h ru nw?
? ?
Ru nw dushao qi n y
zh ng?
h y
ngw yu shnme
btng?
,
Ru nw q
b i ku i
zuyu,
yu sh ngp h xi p.
Y
ngw
s
b i w shku i
, ,
zuyu,
yu
sh ngp,
zhngp h xi p.
Pi oji
?
y o s hnm e pi o?
W y o ru nw xi p.
Ru nw xi p m i w n le.
Sh ngp y
k
y
.
Q
b i l
ng wku i.
20 2
ch
shjku i
qi n.
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A
d
s n
zh nt i,
zhge
n ge
w ng qi n zu.
H uch jiy o
k i le,
wizi
yu rn zum a?
Q
ng n
n b
x
ngli f ng z i
x
ngliji
sh ng.
Mi w
nt
.
*
A
xi nz i d o
n r
le?
D o Wh n
?
W men
le.
?
W men n
ng zhnsh d o Sh ngh i ma?
Mi wnt
.
?
Q
ng wn c nch z i
n r?
Z i
zh nt i?
Miyu.
z i
?
Q
ngw
n
tku i
, ,
Z i
, 41 ?
Q
ng wn, s
sh
yc q Sh ngh i de
d
-shr
chxi ng.
W ng yu zu.
X ixie.
New Words I
N / Vi
travel, tour
PropN
a city s name
train
lx
ng
Sh ngh i
huch
20 3
ku i sh ng chba.
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( )
ticket
express train
hard-sleeper
soft-sleeper
price
Adj
Adv
about, or so
upper berth
lower berth
middle berth
ticket price
Vi
to complete, end
platform
Adv
soon
seat
luggage
pi o
pku i
t
ku i
y
ngw
ru nw
ji g
tng
zuyu
sh ngp
xi p
zhngp
pi oji
w n
zh nt i
jiy o
wizi
x
ngli
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Prep
to remain. . . on
PropN
Adj
on time
dining-car
z i . . . sh ng
x
ngliji
Wh n
zhnsh
c nch
chxi ng
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( )
A May I ask, is this seat taken?
B No. Please put your luggage on the luggage rack.
A No problem.
*
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Dialogue II
?
x
ngq
w
Yu miyu
II
xi w q K nm
ng de
j
pi o?
Y u.
?
Jdi n
q
f
i?
,
Xi w wdi n
q
fi,
w nshang qdi n
?
Y o zhu n jm a?
,
Byng,
zh
d
K nm
ng.
?
Yu
l ihu
pi o
ma?
20 7
s
sh
w
d o.
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( )
B
Bm i
?
H o.
l ihu
pi o.
D nchng pi oji
dushao?
Yqi n wb i wshku i.
A ?
W y o yzh ng.
W de
h ngb nh o
sh dushao?
CZ 889
ZhngguN nf ng CZ b b jih o.
*
A
Wxi ng y o k o gud o
de
wizi.
K
y
.
?
Yu c ndi n m a?
Yu w nc n.
?
N
ng tuyn
b ch ogu rsh
w
gngj
n.
?
Z i
x
ngli?
,
Li ng ji n,
j
ji n
j
h o
d
ng j
ku
dng j
?
14
Z i sh
s
h o.
New Words II
II
capital city of Yunnan province
Knm
ng
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airplane ticket
Vi
to take off
VO
Vi
Exp
round trip
one-way
flight number
south
PropN
Vt
j
pi o
qf
i
zhu n j
zh
d
l ihu
d nchng
h ngb n h o
n nf ng
( )
ZhngguN nf ng( h ngkng gngs
)
k o
depend on
N
dinner
Vt
gud o
c ndi n
w nc n
tuyn
for shipment
Vt
to exceed, to surpass
Meas
kilo
VO
to go on board
ch ogu
gngj
n
dng j
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( )
Supplementary Words
train station
ticket office
train schedule
hard-seat
soft-seat
slow train
VO
window
VO
to reserve a ticket
Vt
in advance
boarding pass
huch
zh n
shupi och
lichsh
kbi o
y
ngzu
ru nzu
m nch
bpi o
chu ngku
d
ng pi o
t
qi n
dngj
p i
II
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Grammar Notes
Zhshwy o de c i.
Zhshu ng xishx
n m i de xi.
This is the shoes I just bought.
T shji o Zhngw
n de l osh
.
He is a teacher of teaching Chinese.
The verb ( or verb phrase ) + de structure is also used as a noun phrase. Notice the
following examples
Zhshu ng xishx
n m i de.
This pair of shoes is newly purchased.
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( )
This teacher teaches Chinese.
2. Huchjiy o k i le. The train is about to start.
jiy o . . . le is a structure into which you may insert a verb or verb phrase in
order to indicate something is going to happen soon
Jiy o xi yle.
Jiy o xi kle.
Ku i zu!
Go quickly.
Ku i l i!
Come here.
! !
Ku i chf n! Bishuhu !
Be quick for your dinner. Don t talk.
( ba ) here is a mood particle, which is at the end of the sentence and makes an
imperative
!
Wmen zu ba!
Let s go.
Wmen sh ngkba!
Nxi n qba!
D- s n zh nt i
D- yk
D- s
sh
wy
the 45
D- sh
r chxi ng
21 2
th
page
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Grammar Notes
1. ( ) + de
( ) + :
Zhshwy o de c i.
Zhshu ng xishx
n m i de xi.
T shji o Zhngw
n de l osh
.
( ) + :
Zhshu ng xishx
n m ide xi.
Jiy o xi yle.
Jiy o xi kle.
:
=
, :
Ku i zu!
Ku i l i!
! !
Ku i chf n! Bishuhu !
, :
!
Wmen zu ba!
Wmen sh ng kba!
Nxi n qba!
+ + + , +
+ , +
+ , + +
4. +
, :
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( )
D
-s n zh nt i
D
-yk
D
-s
sh
wy
D
-sh
r chxi ng
Wy o
yzh ng
s n zh ng
q B
ij
ng de j
pi o
li ng zh ng
yu Y
ngwn de
sge
h p
ji de b
izi
d
t
yge
k o gud o de wizi
yge
2.
Ru nw
Y
ngw
Sh ngp
Xi p
Zhngp
D
t
X
nzh
Yupi o
W nb o
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3.
Y o
hu n ch
ma?
zhu n j
bpi o
tuyn x
ngli
d di nhu
xz o
4.
Y o
y
ngw
h ish
?
ru nw?
pku i
tku i
sh ngp
xi p
qSh ngh i de pi o
qB
ij
ng de pi o
k o gud o de wizi
zhngc n
x
c n
5.
QS h ngh i de tku i
z i n ge
zh nt i?
C nch
chxi ng
CA 335
CA s ns nwh ngb n
dngjku
Zhngwnx
lu
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( )
6.
H uch
jiy o
k i
le.
Fij
q
fi
Shnzhn
d o
t
ng
G nm o
h o
L osh
l i
B ba
tu
xi
7.
Ku i
sh ng ch
chf n
d di nhu
hu n qi n
sh ng f
ij
qsh
t ng
s h ng k
shuji o
xixi
xizuy
21 6
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Exercises
Listen to the following dialogue three times and then answer the questions
A Foreign student
B Chinese student
Read the new words and expressions in the dialogue you need to know
n nf ng
l
i
tired
f
ngj
ng
scenery
A , ,
?
B , ,
A ?
B
A ?
B
A , ?
B , ,
A ?
B
A
Questions
1) Where is the foreign student interested in going and when does he plan to go?
? ?
2) What will be the advantage to take a plane or train?
?
3) What is the decision of the foreign student?
?
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( )
2. Role play Buying T ickets
:
A. Buy a train ticket from Shenzhen to Shanghai. You need to find out the following
information , :
/ /
C. A goes to buy an airplane ticket from Beijing to Guangzhou. Ask the ticket officer the
time of fly, the price of a round-trip and a one-way ticket, flight number, and if they
have aisle seat. Ticket officer B answers the questions. A
B , , ,
3. W rite the Pinyin for the following word s a nd tr anslate them into En glish
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Cultural Notes
1. How to buy tra in or air plane ticket
In general, hotels with a three-star rating or higher will have a ticket office or counter that
sells train and airplane tickets. You can also buy tickets at travel agencies or the ticket
offices of airlines and train stations, especially in the large cities. Identification ( your
passport) is necessary at booking. Usually you can only buy tickets within five days before
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( )
departure. You can make a reservation five days ahead, which requires a deposit ( usually
400 yuan) . When you pick up the ticket you must pay by cash.
2. Cla sses of tick ets
Airplanes, as in the USA, have first class, business class and economy class seats. Trains
have hard-seat, hard-sleeper, soft-seat and soft-sleeper tickets. The hard-sleeper cars
have three tiers of bunks with mattresses and does not have compartments. The soft-sleeper
cars have four-person compartments. The hard-sleeper tickets are divided into three
categories upper-level ( sh ngp) , mid-level ( zhngp) , and lower-level ( xi p) . The
soft-sleeper tickets are upper-level ( sh ngp) or lower-level( xi p) .
3. Ar ticles for tra vel
When you travel by train in China you need to bring toilet paper, and for overnight trips a
small towel for washing and a toothbrush.
4. Food in the tr ain
There is a dining car, usually serving breakfast 700 - 900, lunch 1100 - 1 30, and
dinner 1800 - 19 30. You can eat there or buy food from carts that attendants bring
through the aisle.
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Appendix
Answers to Exercises
Lesson 11
Listen to the following dialogue three times and then answer the questions
Questions
1) What day is today? ?
a.
( one)
( This)
( one)
( seven)
d.
( thirty)
c.
( twelve)
b.
( next)
e.
22
( this)
f.
( next)
g.
( one)
4. Translate the following phrases into Chinese
a. Monday morning
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( )
b. Thursday 330 PM
c. July 4, 1776
d. May 1, 2001
e. October 1, 1949
f. Sunday afternoon
th
a. December 15 is my birthday.
Lesson 12
Listen to the following dialogue three times and answer the questions
Questions
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?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
3. Answer the questions in Chinese with the given information
1) David Lee
2)
3) ( 2004 )
4)
5) 303
5. Using the given information, use to make a sentence
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( )
IC IP
Miss 50
b. IC 2. 99
IP 2 . 99
c. A 1. 58
A B
B 1. 58
d. A 1000 PM
A B
A B
B 1030 PM
e. A
B
f. 1. 6
1. 6
g. A
B
7. Translate the following sentences into Chinese
a. May I ask your last name, please? ?
b. What is your name? ?
c. May I invite you for dinner tonight? , ?
d. You teach Junior 3 in the third period this morning.
e. You speak Chinese very well.
f. Let me introduce you to your contact teacher.
Lesson 13
Questions
1) How much is the cucumber the seller asked?
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2) Is that asked price higher than the market price according to the customer? And what is the
offer by her?
? ?
3) How many cucumbers did the customer want and how many did the seller provide?
? ?
4) What was the quantity for the second order and the unit price?
? ?
, ,
5) How much was the total and how did the customer pay?
? ?
vegetables
apple
bread
banana
orange
green beans
green pepper
fruit
meat
chicken
fish
a. 3 . 59
b. 2. 5 jin
c. Total 12. 47
d. 8. 00 a can
e. 5 . 60 per jin
B
A
B
A
? ( )
B
A
B ,
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( )
6. Translate the following sentences into Chinese
, , ,
,
I want to make dinner myself today. I got up very early and went to the morning market to
buy vegetables. I bought many fresh vegetables include green peppers and green beans. I also
bought fruit. I bought one kilo each of bananas, apples, and oranges. I went to the
supermarket to buy meat in the afternoon. But the supermarket was not open today. I then went
to a vegetable market nearby. The meat at the vegetable market was not fresh. But the fish is
fresh and cheap. I bought fish instead.
Lesson 14
Questions
1) What buses should be taken to Peking University?
?
11 , 332
2) How many stops are for the first bus, and for the second?
?
11 , 332
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left
right
front
back
north
south
east
west
opposite
down
middle
next to
4. Give the Pinyin for the following words and put their common radical in the brackets
,
q
ng
xi
g i
( )
zh
j
n
bi n
d o
j
n
( )
ku
w
n
g o
xi ng
hu
( )
x
ng / h ng
ji
hn
w ng
d/ de ( )
Library
22 7
ewww.book118.com
( )
7. Read the following sentences and translate them into English
a.
East Qi nmn Street is on the east side of Qi nm
n. West Qi nmn Street is on the west side
of Qi nm
n.
b. 15
Take bus number 15 to C ish
kou. C ish
kou is not a vegetable market.
c. , ,
Pass the bus stop and go straight, turn right at the end of the street, and then you will see
Peking University.
d. 808 ,
Get on the #808 air-conditioned bus at the West Gate of Peking University and it will take
you all the way to Qi nmn.
e.
If you are in a hurry, then take a taxi.
Lesson 15
2) When did the patient last eat food and what was it?
? ?
22 8
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[ c] a. ?
a.
Nf sh o ma?
Wtu tng.
[ f] b. ?
b. 100
Nch
guo y o ma?
100 ku i.
[ e] c. ?
c.
Zhge y o z
nme yng?
Bf sh o.
[ a] d. ?
d.
Nn r bshfu?
Wdguo g oxuy .
[ b] e. ?
e. ,
By y o dushao qi n?
Y
ti n s n c
, ycypi n.
[ d ] f. ?
f.
Ncngqi n d
guo sh
nme b
ng?
Mi ch
guo.
3. For each of these verbs, add an object from the text to make a verb object combination
5. Add guo to each of these verbs or verb phases and translate into English
,
Example
22 9
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( )
Pharmacy
Laboratory
Lesson 16
Listen to the following dialogue three times and answer the questions
Questions
23 0
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xzh opi n
kd
chuf
ng
ji oju n
fsh
nm
hib i
l
f
ms
c is
ji n du n
ycn
chng ju n
xtu
gu hzi
b.
c.
?
?
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
4. Use the following words given in each line to make a sentence with
200
400
200 400 ?
24
36
24 36 ?
23 1
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( )
6. Translate the following sentences into Chinese
Barber Shop
Photo Shop
23 2
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Price
15
20
perm
60 - 200
massage
30
Lesson 17
Questions
1) What is the item to be changed and why must it be changed in the first dialogue?
? ?
2) What is the item to be changed and why must it be changed in the second dialogue?
? ?
3) What is the item to be changed and why must it be changed in the third dialogue?
? ?
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
ewww.book118.com
( )
4)
5)
6)
7)
4. Answer the following questions in Chinese
, ,
2) How many color words do you know in Chinese? What are they?
3 ) What do you say if you do not like the color, or the style( y ngzi) , or the material (
c ili o) ?
4) What do you say if you feel an article of clothing is too small, too large, too tight, too
loose ( sng) too long or too short and you want something less so?
, ( ) , ?
5) What are one or two expressions you can use when you bargain?
a.
b.
5. A. Write the Pinyin for the following items and translate into English
chnsh n ( shirt)
kzi ( pants)
qnzi ( skirt)
xi( shoes)
shuy
nj( radio)
ch zu( socket)
di nn o ( computer)
di nch( battery)
red
black
blue
white
yellow
green
23 4
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Clothing Store
Computer, Electronics
Big Sale
( shu i disposal)
Lesson 18
Questions
1) What is the speakers surname and full name? ? ?
ewww.book118.com
( )
6) Does he have any brothers and sisters and if so what are their names?
? ?
2. Give the Pinyin for the following words and translate them into English
xingd
jijie
a
rn
f ngzi
x
z oji n
gge
mimei
wji
chf ng
kt
ng
m ma
b ba
h izi
wsh
ssh
shf ng
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
4. Match the words in the left and right columns to form an appropriate expression
a.
a.
b.
b.
c.
c.
d.
d.
e.
e.
a. My wife and I have this room. My son has the next room.
b. My daughter s room has a double bed, a TV, a table and two chairs.
ewww.book118.com
1) What are the rooms in a house? What is the use of each room?
, ; , ; , ;
, ; ,
2) What are the types of furniture in a house?
Bathroom
Lesson 19
Question
23 7
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( )
Can you guess the places described by each of the four students? What facts support your
guesses? ? ?
A ,
B ,
C
D ,
2. Give the Pinyin for the following words and translate them into English
ti nqyb o
hn r
chnti n
xi y
li ngkuai
xi ti n
gu fng
nu nhuo
dngti n
xi xu
zh
n lng
qiti n
yu w
ys n
s
j
a.
b.
c. ,
d.
h.
f. ,
e. ,
g.
a.
b. ?
c.
d. ?
e.
f.
g.
h.
6. Translate the following sentences into Chinese
ewww.book118.com
Today s Forecast
Temperature 38C
Wind degree 2 to 3
Lesson 20
Listen to the following dialogue three times and answer the questions
Questions
1) Where is the foreign student interested in going and when does he plan to go?
? ?
23 9
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( )
2) What will be the advantage to take a plane or train?
?
,
,
3) What is the decision of the foreign student?
?
3. Write the Pinyin for the following words and translate them into English
j
pi o
xi p
zh nt i
x
ngli
airplane ticket
lower berth
platform
luggage
t
ku i
k o chu ngku
dngj
ku
tuyn
Express
window seat
boarding gate
zhu nj
tngd o
chxi ng
h ngb nh o
transfer
passageway
railway car
flight number
hu n ch
w
izi
r nw
zh
d
soft sleeper
non-stop
?
!
,
5. Translate the following sentences into Chinese
ewww.book118.com
Boarding Gate 9
24 1
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( )
Appendix II
Vocabulary List
II
L. 183
Adj
quiet
L. 18
Vt
to massage
L. 16
PropN
aspirin
L. 15 - s
Tn
August
L. 11 - s
to pull out
L. 15
VO
L. 15
father, dad
L. 18
Adj
white
L. 16
white borders
L. 16
class, scheduled
L. 12
blackboard eraser
L. 12
Vt
to help
L. 18
Adj
thin, slight
L. 16 - s
north
L. 14
back
L. 15 - s
nose
L. 15 - s
Prep
than, to ( in a score)
L. 11
irn
nj
ng
nm
As
p
l
n
b yu
b y
b ba
b i
b ibi n
b n
b nc r
b ng
b o
bi
bi
b
zi
24 2
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II
Adv
fairly, relatively
L. 18
condom
L. 13 - s
green bean
L. 13
Pron
other things
L. 13
refrigerator
L. 18
N /Vt
L. 15
spinach
L. 13 - s
Adj
L. 18
Conj
L. 18
Vt
to fill, to repair
L. 15
VO
L. 20 - s
VO
L. 15
Pron
quite a few
L. 18
L. 15
CD
L. 17 - s
color
L. 16
cutting board
L. 18
kitchen knife
L. 18
vegetable market
L. 13
dining-car
L. 20
L. 20
b
ji o
b
ynt o
bi ndu
bi
de
b
ngxi ng
b
ng
bc i
bcu
bd n. . . rqi
bpi o
by
bsh o
bshfu
CD
CD p n
c is
c ib n
c id o
c ish
ch ng
c nch
c ndi n
24 3
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( )
sanitary napkin
L. 13 - s
fork
L. 18
electrical socket
L. 17
Adj
long
L. 17
Adv
often
L. 18
long hair
L. 16 - s
Vt
to exceed, to surpass
L. 20
supermarket
L. 13
L. 20
shirt
L. 17
sizes
L. 17 - s
L. 16 - s
VO
L. 16 - s
VO
cramps
L. 15 - s
Vt
L. 13
L. 12 - s
seventh grade
L. 12 - s
eighth grade
L. 12 - s
nineth grade
L. 12 - s
taxi
L. 14 - s
kitchen
L. 18
c nj
n
ch zi
ch zu
ch ng
ch ngch ng
ch ngf
ch ogu
ch osh
ch
xi ng
ch
nsh n
ch
m
chng
chng ju n
chuj
n
ch
chzhng
chy
chr
chs n
chzq
ch
chf ng
24 4
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II
Vt
to wear
L. 17
window
L. 20 - s
L. 15 - s
Vt
to blow
L. 16
VO
to blow dry
L. 16
Spring
L. 19
Meas /N
L. 15
Prep
from
L. 14
Conj
from. . . to. . .
L. 19
Adv
never
L. 19
Meas
1 /3 decimeter
L. 16
to thin it out
L. 16 - s
VO
L. 14
VO
L. 14
Adj
big, large
L. 11
big bus
L. 14
N /Vi
L. 15
Adj
large
L. 17 - s
college, university
L. 12 - s
technical college
L. 12 - s
Vt
to bring, to take
L. 16
chu n
chu ngku
chu ngkti
chu
chu
f
ng
chnti n
cng
cng. . . d o
cngl ib
cn
d b o
d bi o
d d
d b
d bi n
d h o
d xu
d zhu n
d i
24 5
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( )
generation
L. 18
doctor
L. 15
one way
L. 20
Conj
but
L. 19
Vt
L. 13
VO
L. 14
function word
L. 12
Vt
to get, to have
L. 15
VO
to go on board
L. 20
boarding gate
L. 20
boarding pass
L. 20
L. 12
younger brother
L. 18
subway
L. 14
map
L. 14
place
L. 14
epilepsy
L. 15 - s
trolley
L. 14
battery
L. 17
computer
L. 17
Exp
L. 16 - s
d i
d ifu
d nch
ng
d nsh
d o
d o zh n
de
dng j
dngj
ku
dngj
p i
( )
d( d
di)
d
ti
d
t
d
fang
di nxi n
di nch
di nch
di nn o
di nn o xu nf
24 6
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II
electric fan
L. 12
television
L. 11
electronics
L. 17 - S
L. 17 - s
electrical power
L. 17
L. 17
movie
L. 11
Vt
to fall, to drop
L. 15
VO
to reserve a ticket
L. 20
winter
L. 19
things
L. 15
Vt
to undersdand, to know
L. 12
L. 13 - s
VO
traffic jam
L. 14
belly, abdomen
L. 15
Adj
short
L. 16
short hair
L. 16 - s
shorts
L. 17 - s
Meas
a period ( of time)
L. 17
Prep
L. 15
Qpron
how old
L. 11
di nsh n
di nsh
di nq
di ny zhu nhu nq
di nyu n
di nyu n xi n
di ny
ng
di o
d
ng pi o
dngti n
dngxi
dng
dufu
dch
dzi
du n
du nf
du nk
du n
du
duda
24 7
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( )
Qpron
how long
L. 14
Qpron
L. 14
Expr
many thanks
L. 19
Adj
right, correct
L. 11
Qpron
what size
L. 17
Adj
multiple usage
L. 17
son
L. 18
ear
L. 15 - s
C size battery
L. 17 - s
Tn
February
L. 11 - s
Vt
to provide
L. 18
VO
to feel cold
L. 15
VO
to have a fever
L. 15
to have an infection
L. 15
hair
L. 16
hair style
L. 16
Exp
after meals
L. 15
Adj
convenient
L. 18
direction
L. 14
L. 18
rent
L. 18
duch ng
duch ng sh
ji n
duxi
du
dud h o
duyng
rzi
rdu
rh o di nch
ryu
f l
ng
f sh o
f y n
f x
ng
f nhu
f ngbi n
f ngxi ng
f ngzi
f ngz
24 8
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II
Vt
L. 12
Adj
extremely
L. 18
Adj
loose-fitting, fat
L. 17
fee, cost
L. 16
Adj
pink
L. 17 - s
chalk
L. 12
wind
L. 16
rheumatism
L. 15 - s
Ln
L. 13
VO
to pay money
L. 17
PropN
Fuji
L. 16
VO
L. 15
cold medicine
L. 15 - s
adv
just
L. 19
Adj
high, tall
L. 15
L. 12 - s
g oy
tenth grade
L. 12 - s
g o r
eleventh grade
L. 12 - s
g os n
twelfth grade
L. 12 - s
elder brother
L. 18
Prep
the same as
L. 12
public
L. 14
Meas
kilo
L. 20
f ng
fich ng
fi
fi
fn
fnb
fng
fngsh
fj
n
fqi n
Fsh
g nm o
g nm o y o
g ng
g o
g ozhng
gge
gn
y
y ng
gnggng
gngj
n
24 9
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( )
company
L. 18
V/ N
L. 18
L. 16
VO
shave
L. 16
razor
L. 13 - s
VO
L. 13
L. 13
Exp
L. 12
pot, wok
L. 18
Vt
L. 11
Part
L. 15
L. 20
Tn
in the past
L. 19
Vi
to be allergic to
L. 15
children, kids
L. 18
Meas
line, aisle
L. 13
flight number.
L. 20
Meas
L. 11
Adv
seems
L. 14
Int
L. 12
Adj
L. 17
gngs
gngzu
gu
gu li n
gu hd o
gu n m
n
gu ntou
gu
x
ng
gu
guo
gu
gud o
guq
gum
n
h izi
h ng
h ngb nh o
h o
h oxi ng
h oma
hsh
25 0
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II
Adv
very
L. 12
Adj
black
L. 16
L. 16
blackboard
L. 12
black color
L. 17
Adj
red
L. 17 - s
Prep
L. 15
beeper
L. 17 - s
to breath
L. 15
pepper
L. 13 - s
carrots
L. 13 - s
bear, mustache
L. 16
passport
L. 16
Vt /N
laboratory test
L. 15
VO
to change buses
L. 14
slides
L. 12
Adj
yellow
L. 17 - s
Aux
L. 19
train
L. 20
train station
L. 20 - s
Conj
or
L. 14
hn
hi
hib i
hib n
his
hng
hu
hj
hx
hji o
hlubo
hzi
hzh o
hu y n
hu nch
hu nd
ngpi n
hu ng
hu
huch
huch
zh n
hu
25 1
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( )
airplane ticket
L. 20
a few years
L. 19
CD player
L. 17 - s
VCD
L. 17 - s
emergency
L. 14
home, family
L. 11
furniture
L. 18
Canada
L. 12
the Canadians
L. 12
price
L. 13
Meas
L. 18
V /N
interrupted, to be disconnected
L. 17
Vt
to cut
L. 16
VR
trim evenly
L. 16 - s
Meas
L. 17
soy sauce
L. 13 - s
film
L. 16
Vt
to be called
L. 12
classroom
L. 12
street
L. 14
power strip
L. 17 - s
j
pi o
j
ni n
j
gu ng ch ngj
j
gu ngy
ngdi
j
sh
ji
ji j
Ji n d
Ji n d r
n
ji
ji n
ji ndu n
ji n
ji nq
ji n
ji ngyu
ji oju n
ji o
ji osh
ji
/
ji
xi nb n / ch zu
25 2
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II
Meas
L. 11
elder sister
L. 18
Vt
to borrow
L. 19
Unit
half a kilo
L. 13
Tn
today
L. 11
Tn
this year
L. 11
Adj
L. 17
Adv
soon
L. 20
Adv
often
L. 19
manager, director
L. 18
policeman
L. 14 - s
Adj
long time
L. 16
Tn
September
L. 11 - s
Adv
L. 14
orange
L. 13
Meas
roll
L. 16
brown color
L. 17 - s
Vt
L. 14
VO
L. 13
to cut
L. 13
VO
to bargain
L. 13
ji
( )
ji( ji
jie)
ji
j
n
j
nti n
j
nni n
j
n
jiy o
j
ngch ng
j
ngl
j
ngch
ji
jiyu
ji
( )
jzi
ju n
k fis
k i
k i m
n
k n
k n ji
25 3
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( )
L. 11
L. 20
PropN
Kodak
L. 16
cough
L. 15 - s
Aux
can, may
L. 14
Exp
L. 19
class schedule
L. 12
living room
L. 18
air conditioning
L. 12
L. 17
Adj
fast
L. 14
chopsticks
L. 18
L. 20
Adj
difficulty
L. 15
Vt
L. 15
VO
to have diarrhea
L. 15
Exp
L. 14
Exp
round trip
L. 20
Adj
blue
L. 17 - s
hometown
L. 19
L. 14 - s
k n
k o
Kd
ksou
knng
ky
shu
kbi o
kt
ng
kngti o
kzi
ku i
ku izi
Knm
ng
knnan
l dzi
l ibuj
l ihu
l n
l oji
l oji
25 4
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II
teacher
L. 12
Adj
cold
L. 15
pear
L. 13 - s
Prep
L. 18
Ln
inside, inner
L. 12
L. 16
VO
haircut, hairdressing
L. 16
Adj
terrible, sharp
L. 15
Vt
to connect, to link
L. 17
face
L. 16
Vt
to measure, to test
L. 15
Adj
good, fine
L. 15
Adj
cool
L. 19
Unit
0. 1 jin
L. 13
Phr
L. 16 - s
tie
L. 17 - s
train schedule
L. 20 - s
Adv
L. 16
Conj
addition to
L. 18
VO
runny nose
L. 15 - s
VO
bleeding
L. 15 - s
l osh
lng
lf
l
hai
li nji
li n
li ng
li ng
li ngkuai
li ng
li ng p ng
l
ngd i
li
chsh
kbi o
l
ng
l
ngw i
lib
t
lixu
25 5
ewww.book118.com
( )
Tn
June
L. 11 - s
floor, building
L. 12
Pn
upstairs
L. 17
L. 14
Meas
N
curb
L. 14 - s
intersection
L. 14
tape
L. 17
video recorder
L. 17
travel, tour
L. 20
Adj
green
L. 17 - s
mother, mom
L. 18
anaesthetic
L. 15
Adj
slow
L. 14 - s
slow train
L. 20 - s
sweater
L. 17 - s
L. 17 - s
Exp
doesn t matter
L. 18
Exp
No problem.
L. 14
Adj
every, each
L. 11
Tn
everyday
L. 11
Tn
L. 11 - s
liyu
lu
lush ng
lbi n
lku
ly
nd i
lxi ngj
lx
ng
m ma
m y o
m n
m nch
m oy
m ozi
m
i sh
nme
m
i wnt
m
i
m
iti n
m
ix
ngq
25 6
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II
barber shop
L. 16 - s
younger sister
L. 18
VO
L. 18
bread
L. 13
Tn
next year
L. 11
Tn
tomorrow
L. 11
L. 16
L. 12
Exp
L. 12
Qpron
which year
L. 11
south
L. 20
L. 14
underwear
L. 17 - s
Tn
year
L. 11
daughter
L. 18
Adj
warm
L. 19
Vt
to be afraid of
L. 19
L. 18
belt
L. 17 - s
Adj
cheap, inexpensive
L. 17
apple
L. 13
m
if t
ng
( )
m
i ( mimei)
mi nfi
mi nb o
m
ngni n
m
ngti n
ms
n gur
n
n l
n ni n
n nf ng
N nj
ng
nik
ni n
ner
nu nhuo
p nzi
p
d i
pi nyi
p
nggu
25 7
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( )
ticket
L. 20
ticket price
L. 20
Adj
beautiful, pretty
L. 18
grape
L. 13 - s
L. 20
L. 20
L. 14
AAA battery
L. 17 - s
Tn
July
L. 11 - s
to take off
L. 20
green pepper
L. 13
autumn, fall
L. 19
Vt
L. 16
Vt
to cut down
L. 16
Tn
last year
L. 11
whole body
L. 15 - s
skirt or dress
L. 17 - s
Adv
L. 15
Adj
hot
L. 19
household items
L. 13
Conj
if
L. 14
pi o
pi oji
pi oliang
pt o
pku i
q
ch
qh o di nch
q
yu
q
f
i
q
ngji o
qiti n
qni n
qu nshn
qnzi
r nhu
r
yngp
n
rgu
25 8
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II
( )
bra / brassiere
L. 17 - s
floppy disk
L. 17
soft-sleeper
L. 20
soft-seat
L. 20 - s
Tn
March
L. 11 - s
throat
L. 15 - s
sofa
L. 18
Vt
to put on
L. 16
VO
L. 14
Tn
last week
L. 11 - s
Tn
last month
L. 11 - s
PropN
a city
L. 20
upper berth
L. 20
burn
L. 15 - s
spoon
L. 18
identification
L. 16
PropN
L. 19
PropN
Shenzhen University
L. 14 - s
Exp
L. 12
Qpron
what kind of
L. 16
Vt
L. 11
rzh o xingzh o
ru np n
ru nw
ru nzu
s nyu
s ngzi
sh f
sh ng
sh ng ch
sh ngge x
ngq
sh ngge yu
Sh ngh i
sh ngp
sh osh ng
sh ozi
shnfnzh
ng
Shnzh
n
Shnzh
n D xu
shnme sh
hou
shnmey ng
shng
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( )
lettuce
L. 13 - s
birthday
L. 11
L. 14
Tn
L. 12
Tn
October
L. 11 - s
Tn
December
L. 11 - s
time
L. 14
food mart
L. 13
food poisoning
L. 15 - s
Tn
November
L. 11 - s
Vt
to try
L. 17
L. 16
VO
L. 16
cashier
L. 17
cell phone
L. 17 - s
gloves
L. 17 - s
ticket office
L. 20 - s
vegetable
L. 13
Adj
comfortable
L. 15
bookcase
L. 18
comb
L. 13 - s
shngc i
shngri
sh
fu
sh
hou
sh
yu
sh
ryu
sh
ji n
sh
p
ndi n
sh
wzhngd
sh
y
yu
sh
shi
shu
shuf
i
shuku nt i
shuj
shut o
shupi och
shc i
shfu
shgu
shzi
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II
( )
DVD
L. 17 - s
Meas
pair
L. 17
double-bed
L. 18
L. 18
fruit
L. 13
robe
L. 17 - s
pajamas
L. 17 - s
Vt
to speak
L. 12
driver
L. 14
four seasons
L. 19
Exp
L. 19
Tn
April
L. 11 - s
dormitory
L. 18
Conj
although
L. 19
Meas
L. 11
Conj
therefore, so
L. 17
weather
L. 19
diabetes
L. 15 - s
peach
L. 13 - s
Adj
express train
L. 20
Vt
to perm, to heat up
L. 16 - s
shzgu ngp n ( di
)
shu ng
shu ngr
nchu ng
shu
di nf
i
shu
gu
shu
p o
shu
y
shu
s
j
s
j
s
jrchn
s
yu
ssh
su
r n
su
suy
ti nq
t ngni ob
ng
t o
tku i
t ng
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( )
VO
L. 16 - s
Adj
L. 15
Vt
in advance
L. 20 - s
body temperature
L. 15
T-shirt
L. 17 - s
Tn
day
L. 11
seasonings
L. 13
Vt
to listen
L. 15
to stop
L. 14
parking lot
L. 14 - s
VO
L. 17
head, top
L. 15
L. 13
Adj
dizzy
L. 15
projector
L. 12
potato
L. 13 - s
Vt
to vomit
L. 15
leg
L. 15 - s
to retire
L. 18
Vt
L. 20
socks
L. 17 - s
t ng f
tng
t
qi n
t
wn
T
t
xsh n
ti n
ti oli o
t
ng
t
ng
t
ngchch ng
t
ng di n
tu
tur
tuyn
tuy
ngy
tdu
tu
tu
xi
tuyn
w zi
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II
other place
L. 18
L. 18
coat, jacket
L. 17 - s
foreign language
L. 14
Vi
to compete, to end
L. 20
bowl
L. 18
dinner
L. 20
Adj
multi-function
L. 17
Vt
to forget
L. 19
microwave
L. 18
bathroom
L. 18
seat
L. 20
VO
L. 17
surge protector
L. 17
PropN
Walmart
L. 14 - s
bedroom
L. 18
L. 20
AA battery
L. 17 - s
Tn
May
L. 11 - s
fog
L. 19
west
L. 14
w id
w iji o
w it o
w iy
w n
w n
w nc n
w nnng
w ng
wibl
wishngji n
wizi
wny
wny q
Wrm
wsh
Wh n
wh odi nch
wyu
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( )
PropN
L. 19
tomato
L. 13 - s
Western medicine
L. 15 - s
L. 17 - s
Vt
L. 11
shampoo
L. 13 - s
Vt
to like, to prefer
L. 17
VO
L. 16
detergent
L. 13
VO
to do laundry
L. 11
VO
to print pictures
L. 16
Ln
below, under
L. 12
VO
L. 14
Tn
next week
L. 11 - s
Tn
next month
L. 11 - s
summer
L. 19
lower berth
L. 20
VO
to rain
L. 19
VO
to snow
L. 19
banana
L. 13
Vt
to want, to think
L. 11
X n
x
hngsh
x
y o
x
zhu ng
x
f j
x
huan
xtu
xy
fn
xy
fu
xzh opi n
xi bian
xi ch
xi ge x
ngq
xi ge yu
xi ti n
xi p
xi y
xi xu
xi ngji o
xi ng
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II
N /Vt
digestion / to digest
L. 15
indigestion
L. 15
antibiotics
L. 15
Adj
L. 11
green onion
L. 13 - s
small size
L. 17 - s
elementary school
L. 12 - s
shoe
L. 17
Adv
fresh
L. 13
heart
L. 15
heart disease
L. 15
Tn
week
L. 11
Tn
Tuesday
L. 11
Qpron
L. 11
Tn
Saturday
L. 11
Tn
Sunday
L. 11
Tn
Wednesday
L. 11
Tn
Thursday
L. 11
Tn
Sunday
L. 11 - s
Tn
Friday
L. 11
Tn
Monday
L. 11
xi ohu
xi ohu bli ng
xi oy ny o
xi o
xi ocng
xi oh o
xi oxu
xi
x
nxi n
x
nz ng
x
nz ngb
ng
x
ngq
x
ngqr
x
ngq
j
x
ngq
li
x
ngq
r
x
ngq
s n
x
ngq
s
x
ngq
ti n
x
ngq
w
x
ngq
y
26 5
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Adj
OK
L. 14
luggage
L. 20
Vt /N
L. 12
elder brother
L. 18
chest
L. 15 - s
Vi
to rest
L. 11
students
L. 12
school
L. 14
blood pressure
L. 15
teeth, tooth
L. 15
toothpaste
L. 13 - s
toothbrush
L. 13 - s
gums
L. 15
salt
L. 13 - s
color
L. 17
eye
L. 15 - s
Meas
kind
L. 13
cabbage
L. 13 - s
onion
L. 13 - s
lower back
L. 15 - s
Vt
to bite, to chew
L. 15
x
ng
x
ngli
x
ng
xingku
xixi
xusheng
xuxi o
xuy
y g o
y shu
y y
n
y n
y ns
y nj
ng
y ng
y ngb ic i
y ngcng
y o
y o
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II
medicine
L. 15
clothes
L. 11
D size battery
L. 17 - s
Tn
January
L. 11 - s
chair
L. 18
Adj
general
L. 19
Exp
generally speaking
L. 19
Conj
L. 18
Aux
should
L. 14
England
L. 12
L. 12
L. 14 - s
hard-sleeper
L. 20
hard-seat
L. 20
L. 18
Adv
again, also
L. 13
rain
L. 19
raincoat
L. 19
umbrella
L. 19
to forecast
L. 19
Vt
to make an appointment
L. 15
y o
y
fu
y
h o di nch
y
yu
y
zi
y
b n
y
b n l i shu
y
nwi. . . suy
y
ngg i
Y
nggu
Y
nggurn
Y
ngyji o
y
ngw
y
ngzu
yngj
yu
yy
ys n
yb o
yyu
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( )
original price
L. 17
Tn
month
L. 11
tampons
L. 13 - s
Pron
self
L. 13
Prep
to remain. . . on
L. 20
morning market
L. 13
Meas /N
L. 14
platform
L. 20
Vt
L. 15
Vt
to take care of
L. 18
picture, photo
L. 16
VO
L. 16
photo shop
L. 16
camera
L. 17
part
denotes sustained,
yu nji
yu
yuj
ngyng mi ns i
z
j
z i. . . sh ng
z osh
zh n
zh nt i
zh ngk i
zh og
zh opi n
zh o xi ng
zh oxi nggu n
zh oxi ngj
zhe
L. 19
translated as -ing)
Tn
this week
L. 11 - s
Tn
this month
L. 11 - s
Pn
here
L. 18
Dpron
like this
L. 16
Adv
really; truly
L. 18
symptoms
L. 15 - s
zh
ge x
ngq
zh
ge yu
zh
l
zh
y ng
zh
n
zh
ngzhu ng
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II
Adj
normal
L. 15
Adv
L. 18
to know
L. 14
L. 20
to point
L. 14
Conj
only
L. 11
pain killer
L. 15 - s
medium size
L. 17
Tn
hour
L. 11
middle berth
L. 20
middle school
L. 12 - s
L. 15 - s
L. 12 - s
Meas
kind, type
L. 17
Tn
weekend
L. 11
table, desk
L. 18
Pron
self
L. 13
Adv
always
L. 19
VO
L. 20
Adj
on time
L. 20
mouth
L. 15
zh
ngch ng
zh
ngz i
zh
d o
zh
d
zh
zh
yu
zh
t
ngy o
zhngh o
zhngtu
zhngp
zhngxu
zhngy o
zhngzhu n
zhng
zhum
zhuzi
z
j
zng
zhu n j
zhnsh
zu
26 9
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( )
Adv
most
L. 13
Tn
recently
L. 19
Vt
to do, to make
L. 13
VO
to cook
L. 13
VO
to take a bus
L. 14
VO
to cook
L. 18
zu
zu
j
n
zu
zuf n
zuch
zuf n
27 0