Multiplechoice

1. Someonemarriedtomorethanonepersonoftheoppositesex
a. Polygamy(Iputthis,notsure:S)
b. Polyandry
c. Polygyny
d. Groupmarriage
e. ?
2. EverythinginsocietyisGendered
3. Criticalracetheoryonthebasisofcivilrightsandwritingsofmarthinlutherking,MalcolmX
4. Whichoneistrue(textbook)
a. Menarepressuredmoretobemasculinethangirlarepressuredtofeminine.
b. Femalearemorepressuredthanguy
c. Adultsplayahighlyinfluentialrolemorethanpeersevenduringschoolonmasculinity
andfeminity
d. Bothbandd
5. Areovergeneralizationabouttheappearancebehaviororothercharacteristicsof
membersofparticulargroups.
a. Stereotypes
6. SexualOrientation(usuallygivesthisoneforfree)
7. Cohabitation,whichoneistrue
a. Peoplewhocohabitusuallywillgetmarried
b. Peoplewhocohabitarebetweentheagesof1519
c. Peoplewhocohabitdoesnotnecessarilymeantheywillhaveastablemarriage
8. Whatdoesthereadingssayistrueregardinggenderstereotyping
a. Themediareinforcesmaleandfemalestereotypes
b. Newspaper
c. ??
9. Howdoesgenderidentitydevelopinpeople?
a. ?
b. ?
c. Socialization
d. ?
10. ?
Definitions
Answer5outof7:
a) Defineandshowthedifferencebetweenracismandethnocentrism(ethnicity)
b) Defineandshowthedifferencebetweenprejudiceanddiscrimination(ethnicity)
c) Defineandrelategenderroleandgenderidentity(gender)
d) Definesecondshift?Andwhyisitmoreofaproblemforwomenthanmen(gender)
e) Defineandshowthedifferencebetweensexandgender(gender)
f) Definesocialgroupandsocialinstitution
g) Whatdosociologistmeanbythetermracialandethnicgroup?Whatisthedifferencebetween
them?(ethnicity)

Shortanswer
Answer4outof5:
a) Defineandgiveanexampleofallthetypesofracism
b) Whyisithardforsociologiststodefineafamilyinthisdayandage
c) Usinganexample,explainhownewreproductivetechnologyhaveaffectedthemeaningoffamily
andparenthood
d) Whataretheforeseensocietalimpactsofpeakoilareassketchedintheendofsuburbia:oil
depletionandthecollaspseofAmericandream?Doyouagreewiththispessimisticprognosis?
e) Whatarethedifferencesbetweensociologyandtwoofthefollowing(Philosophy,Psychology,
CulturalAnthropology)

Definitions
1) Defineandshowthedifferencebetweenracismandethnocentrism
a. Race(FINALEXAM):categoryofpeoplesingledoutasdifferentonthebasisofrealor
allegedinheritedphysicalcharacteristicssuchasskincolour,hairtexture,eyeshape,or
otherarbitrarilyselectedattributes.Itisasociallyconstructedreality,notabiological
one???:Sdoesntseemright(theyaskedforracism)
b. Ethnocentrism,tobecenteredonitsownppl,judgingotherculturesbyusingonesown
cultureasastandard.
2) Defineandshowthedifferencebetweenprejudiceanddiscrimination
a. Prejudice(FINALEXAM):itisaquickandfastjudgementwithoutsupporting
evidence.Itcaneitherbepositiveornegative.Itcanbeinfavouroragainstagroup.It
oftenreferstothenegativeattitudethatsomepeoplehavetowardsacertaingroupbased
onrace,age,sex,genderandethnicity.
3) Defineandrelategenderroleandgenderidentity
a. GenderRoles(FINALEXAM):canbedefinedastheroleportrayedbyanindividual
withrespecttoacombinationoffactorsoranyoneofthem,dependingontheliving
conditions.Menaresupposedtobethetoughguys,whocanhandleanysituation.
Womenthougharesupposedtobemorecaringandgentle.
b. GenderIdentity(FINALEXAM):isone'sownsenseofone'sgender.
4) Definesecondshift?Andwhyisitmoreofaproblemforwomenthanmen
a. SecondShift(FINALEXAM):itisthedomesticactivitythatoccupiesparentsbefore
theygotoandaftertheyreturnfromofficeorshop.Itisaproblemforwomenbecauseit
referstotheunpaidhouseworkthatwomentypicallydoaftertheycomehomefromtheir
paidemployment.
5) Defineandshowthedifferencebetweensexandgender
a. Sex(FINALEXAM):thebiologicalandanatomicaldifferencesbetweenmalesand
females.
b. Gender(FINALEXAM):theculturallyandsociallyconstructeddifferencesbetween
malesandfemalesfoundinthemeanings,beliefsandpracticesassociatedwith
femininityandmasculinity.
6) Whatdosociologistsmeanbythetermracialandethnicgroup?Whatisthedifference
betweenthem?
a. Race(FINALEXAM):categoryofpeoplesingledoutasdifferentonthebasisofrealor
allegedinheritedphysicalcharacteristicssuchasskincolour,hairtexture,eyeshape,or
otherarbitrarilyselectedattributes.Itisasociallyconstructedreality,notabiological
one
b. EthnicGroup(FINALEXAM):groupofpeopledistinguished,byothersorby
themselves,onthebasisofculturalornationalitycharacteristics.Itisanascribed
membershipfrombirth,characterizedbyculturaltraitsandarelativesenseof
community.
7) Whatisastigmatizedmasterstatus?Illustratewithanexample.Hesaskingforthree
things,definemasterstatusthenstigmatizedmasterstatusthenexample.

a. MasterStatus(FINALEXAM):itisthedominantstatusoutofapersonsstatussetthat
heandothersviewhimas.Itistheoverallstatusthatapersonisusuallyreferredtoby
orthestatusthatmostlyrepresentsthatperson.Ex.male,father,teacher.
b. StigmatizedMasterStatus(FINALEXAM):itisamasterstatusthatisviewed
negatively.Ex.BeingaMusliminawesterncountry.Althoughhemightbefatheranda
teacher,thefactthatheisaMuslimmakesithisdominantmasterstatusanditsthen
viewednegatively.Thiscancausehimtobevictimtosocialinequalities.
1) Defineandgiveanexampleofallthetypesofracism
Racismahighlyorganizedsystemof'race'basedgroupprivilegethatoperatesateverylevelof
societyandisheldtogetherbyasophisticatedideologyofcolor/'race'supremacy
OvertRacism:maytaketheformofpublicstatementsabouttheinferiorityofmembersofa
racialorethnicgroup.
Example:demonstrationsbythekukluxklanandAryanbrotherhood,usingpicketsigns.Theytry
touseethnicmembersasscapegoatsforsocietalproblems.
PoliteRacism:isanattempttodisguiseadislikeofotherthroughbehaviourthatoutwardlyis
nonprejudicial.
Example:whenmembersofavisibleminorityareignoredorapplicationstossedawaywhen
tryingtofindajob.Referringtominoritiesasthosepeople.
SubliminalRacism:involvesanunconsciouscriticismofminorities.
Example:petitionsagainstallowingSikhstowearturbansintheRCMP.
InstitutionalizedRacism:ismadeupoftherules,procedures,andpractisesthatdirectlyand
deliberatelypreventminoritiesfromhavingfullandequalinvolvementinsociety.
Example:Employmentagenciesonlyreferringwhitepeopletosomecompanies.Eventhough
theymayallbequalifiedfortheposition.
SystemicRacism:referstothepractises,rules,andproceduresofsocialinstitutionsthathavethe
unintendedconsequenceofexcludingminoritygroupmembers.
Example:Policeandfirefighterminimumrequirementsforrecruitmentthatphaseoutmany
minorityapplicantsandalsoeliminatefemaleapplicants.Alsohowsomecompaniesonlyaccept
degreesthatwereobtainedinNorthAmerica,whicheliminatesqualifiedminoritiesthatwere
educatedabroad.
2) Whyisithardforsociologiststodefineafamilyinthisdayandage
Sociologistshaveconcludedthatfamilyhasbecomehardertodefineinthemoretraditional
sense.Familiesofthesamebloodlinethatlivedtogetherincommunitieshasbecomeraredueto
divorce,separation,unknownparentageandmovingaroundthecountryforvariousreasons.A
familycannowconsistofanygroupofpeoplelivingtogetherand/orbringingupchildren.This
couldseparateduetodivorceetcandanotherfamilycreatedthroughremarriageorcohabitation,
withtheintroductionofstepchildrenorchildrenborntothenewparentageresultinginanother
familyunitalthoughthefirstonestilltechnicallyexists.Twoadultsmaylivetogetherasafamily
withouthavingchildrenandhaveindependentfinancesotherthanthesharingofthe
mortgage/rent.Families,suchasstepparents,maycallthemselvesafamilyevenifthechildren
donotactuallylivewiththemorhaven'tofficiallyadoptedthemthroughthecourts.

3) Usinganexample,explainhownewreproductivetechnologyhaveaffectedthemeaningof
familyandparenthood
Coupleofdifferentexamples
Amanwhocannotproducespermandhiswifewanttohaveachild.Sheisartificially
inseminatedwithspermfromananonymousdonor,conceives,andbearsachild.
Howhasitaffectedthemeaningoffamilyandparenthood?
Mostoftheseexamplesaboveyouchooseinvolvea3rdpartyintothereproductivematrix,and
someonewhodonatessperm/egg/whatevertobeusedinwhatevernewreproductivetechnology
beingusedinurexampleisnowcontributinggeneticmaterialwithouttheintenttoparentthe
childthatwillbeproducedthroughtheuseofhisgenes.Thedonationisalmostalwaysmade
anonymouslysothatthefathercannotbetracedbythechild,norcanthefatherelecttomake
contactwiththechild,potentiallydisruptingaharmoniousfamily.Itaffectsfamilyalsobecause
oneorboththeparents(dependingontheexampleuuse)sometimesarenotsignificantly
attachedtotheyoungerchildtheyaretakingcareof.That3 rdpartydoesnotassumethetypical
roleofraisingthechildorinthelifeofthechildmostoftheteamandthereforetheroleof
parenthoodisnottakenonbythe3rdpartywhoisthebiologicalfather/motherofthechild.
4) Whataretheforeseensocietalimpactsofpeakoilareassketchedintheendofsuburbia:
oildepletionandthecollaspseofAmericandream?Doyouagreewiththispessimistic
prognosis?
Peakoilisthepointintimewhenthemaximumrateofglobalpetroleumextractionisreached,
afterwhichtherateofproductionentersterminaldecline.InthemovieEndofSuburbiaistalks
aboutthewastefulnatureofsuburbandevelopmentandhowitisexponentiallydecreasingtheoil
supplyoftheworld,decreasingtheamountoftreesandplantwehavetosustainqualityairand
life.Withthishugeincreaseintheneedforenergyastrongmovetowardsurbandevelopmentis
ontheriseaswaytocounterbalancethisexcessiveneedforenergy.Themovietalksabouthow
wehavereachedourpeakinoilproductionawhileagoandareonthesteadybutterminaldecline
ofoilproductionandthatitwillleadtowidespreadeconomicfailurewhichinturnresultsinthe
downfallofsocietyinlarge.Iagreewiththeprognosisbecauseourlivesarehighlydependenton
oilanditseemsthataspricesspikeupandthequantitydecreases,weareheadingintoadeeppit
ofvulnerabilityunlesstechnologycomesupwithamoreefficientresourcetoreplaceoil.