Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
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USO05200229A
5,200,229
Strop
Apr. 6, 1993
[54]
[75]
lnvemo?
[73]
Asslgnee'
[21]
3/1981
4,718,337
..... .. 260/4126
1/1988
Wiederkehr
.. ....
. . . . . . ..
100/75
4,794,011 12/1988
5611661661161 . . . . .
. . . . .. 426/448
4,808,426
Strep et a1. ..
.... .. 426/417
2/1989
OTHER PUBLICATIONS
[62]
.
[51]
507707l'
Int. C1.5 .............................................. .. A23K 1/00
426/623; 426/417;
[56]
Perry et a1.
[58]
4,259,252
[22] Filed:
4,181,747
References c'ted
U5. PATENT DOCUMENTS
'
[57]substanmu
. fmsfleedmcr
A
' y toxictee
is obtain ed by maintain
ing the oil-bearing materials in acid reagents for about 5
minutes to hydrolyze glucosinolates to carbon dioxide
2,997,943
8/1961
216$ . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . ..
100/74
3,634,093
1/ 1972
Huang . . . . .
4,041,854
8/1977
. . . . . .. 426/635
TEMPER 140' F
CONDENSER
CRACK
.QQQ-L
souos RECYCLE
FEED
HULLS
5-42 WGT.
1
CONDENSATE
mmcroa
CRUDE 01L~
ems
FEED 14
ARDEEGENTS PUMP
L26
WATER
PRESSED
CAKE
PRECIPITATE
FINES
US. Patent
Apr. 6, 1993
Sheet 2 of6
FE D
4.
5,200,229
REAGNTS
-.
10EfXTRACO
ufl
sou s
U.S. Patent
Apr. 6, 1993
5,200,229
Sheet 3 of 6
FIG. 2
CANDLA
(10x MOISTURE)
07.0 T o OIL
10.0 T
wATER
CRUSHING
l
PRE-PRESSING
L.
REAGENTS
REAcT
101.2
T/D OIL
10.4 -T/D wATER
EvAP0RATE
7
PRIMARY
SOLID/LIQUID
SEPARATION
52.2 T/D SOLIDS
20.1 T/D 011.
1.0 T/D WATER
01.9 T/D PRESS FEED
52.2 T D SOLIDS
1.7
1.0 T
WATER
55'5 T D CAKE
WATER
---r~
WASH
T--h
20.4
T/0 011.
US. Patent
Apr. 6, 1993
FIG.
Sheet 4 of 6
9 NOTE: TEMPERED
5,200,229
PRE__PRESS.
4'0 T D WATER
49 9 U0 souus
'
.i-LILLAIEB.
1 T D WATER
GRIND, mx,
REAcT
REAGENTS
"
y
|
EvAPoRATE
14 1/0 WATER
-T
PR]
Y
13-4'6 T/D 0"- souowlRoum
SEPARATION
192.149.51.198
1.0'1/9'WA4T_ER
493957
3058505
1;0 1' WATER
52.4 T 0 WE
.
---- FULL PRESS
WATER
WASH
WATER
.____.44.6 T D PHYSICALLY
REF]
LE OIL
5,200,229
5,077,071.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to the art of oil extraction
from a vegetable oil bearing material such as canola,
corn germ, rapeseed, and the like, and more particu
larly, to a method and assembly for pre-treating oil
because at the time of the start up, no oil has yet been
produced from the seeds to be used. It is convenient to
use an oil produced in earlier production runs for the
start-up. If desired or available, a fully re?ned oil, i.e.,
4,808,426.
i?able matter such as plant sterols, tocopherols and 30 During start up and operation of the process, it is
foreseeable to use oils which contain additives, other
hydrocarbons; trace metals; waxes; minerals and vari
than the reagents claimed in the patent, for converting
ous organic complexes which may cause an undesirable
the product oil into a physically re?nable oil.
color or pigmentation of the oil. Of course, some of
Once the process of the patent is in operation, a start
the impurities, such as some of the tocopherols, may
be desirable. The solid residues can be cell fragments 15, up oil is no longer needed because a large portion of the
and other non-oil constituents from the oil seeds and
5,200,229
continuous reactor.
tractability.
It would be further desirable to obtain a toxic-free
30
5,200,229
re?ning.
tor 26. This feed stream is optional, as the crude oil and
prepress cake ?owing from the prepressing section can
nique, but as stated earlier, if the nature of the crude is 45 be combined with fresh feed 14, if desired.
FIG. 4 shows a situation which corresponds to FIG.
such that large quantities of impurities such as phospho
1A
where the extractor is either a solvent extractor or a
lipids are contained in the crude, they ?rst must be
full press extractor, and the meal or cakecontains a
removed. Otherwise, they would cause undesirable
cost and oil losses.
much sparge steam. Also, the step of post bleaching is 60 many advantages to the oil extraction process. Not only
often unnecessary.
5,200,229
((HOOCCHz)2-NCH2CH2N(CH2COOH)2));
sodium
5,200,229
10
cally retinable.
as well.
extruder. The screw extruder is more speci?cally identi 50 water is added to the feed or to the material in the
tied in FIG. 5.
combination of both. The oilseeds, oil seed particles, or _ reactor. With high oil content materials such as canola
oil bearing materials are pulverized or masticated by a 65 and corn germ, it is unlikely that signi?cant quantities of
screw in the extruder. This causes the temperature of
11
5,200,229
12
FIG. 5 shows reagent B being introduced into the 30 Such water may be removed by single stage or multiple
reactor. It would also be possible to introduce the rea
stage evaporator bodies. These typically include a heat
gent B in the barrel of the extruder downstream of
exchanger for adding the necessary heat for the evapo
the point where the reagent A is introduced. In doing
ration of a fraction of the moisture. If necessary, a vapor
so, it would again be feasible to introduce only a part of
separator can be added for the sensible heat of the stage
the oil in the extruder.
35 feed in order to increase the temperature of the product
It was also found that an extruder can be fed oilseeds,
in the stage to the operating temperature of the stage.
oil seed particulates or oil bearing materials. These can
The slurry heated in the heat exchanger discharges to
be heated in the extruder under cooking and pelletizing
the vapor separator where all or a substantial part of the
conditions as, for example, with reagent A added
vapor is separated from the slurry. A pumping means
prior to the mass of materials discharging. The dis 40 can also be added for introducing the feed to the stage,,
charged mass of materials could then be mixed with
recycling (if necessary) the slurry from the vapor sepa
reagent B. The mass of materials, after partial drying
rator to the heat exchanger, and discharging the totally
as required or as desired, may be extracted by means of
or partially dried slurry to the next stage or to the next
full-pressing, pre-press solvent extraction or direct sol~
step in the process. A vacuum means for establishing
vent extraction to yield a crude oil which, after a wash 45 pressure and temperature conditions in the stage can be
added as well.
5,200,229
13
14
'
ma;
ers.)
compounds.
65