Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
L
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CC
LO
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Composite
Repair
System
L
O
C
K
S
P
R
I
N
G
Composite
Repair
System
Composite
System
for RiserRepair
Applications
Composite
Repair
System
Riser
Applications
forfor
Riser
Applications
for
Riser
Applications
The Fast,
Economical
Solution
for Pipeline
Repair
The Fast,
Economical
Solution
for Pipeline
Repair
The Fast, Economical Solution for Pipeline Repair
C
C
SPRING
CLOCK
CLOCK SPRING
Contents
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Introduction
page 3 03
Introduction
Burst Test
page 11
Introduction
page 3
Burst TestProcedure
Installation
page 1411
Burst Test
page 11
Edge
Effect Procedure
page 1914
Installation
Installation Procedure
page 14
Weld Repair
page 22
EdgeEffect
Effect
Edge
page 1919
Dent Repair
page 26
Weld
page 22
WeldRepair
Repair
Bend
Repair
page 3222
Dent Repair
page 26
Marker
Method
page 3526
DentRepair
Repair
Bend
page 32
Field Inspection
page 38
Marker
Method
page 3532
BendRepair
Repair
Riser
page 43
Field Inspection
page 38
Snap
Wrap
page 4735
Marker
Method
Riser
Repair
page 43
Pipe Support
page 52
Snap
Wrap
page 4738
FieldStop
Inspection
Leak
page 56
Pipe Support
page 52
Water
Activated
page 6643
Riser
Repair
Leak Stop
page 56
Wet Wrap vs. Clock Spring Composite Repair
page 73
Water
Activated
page
66
Snap
Wrap
Pressure Reduction
page 7747
Wet Wrap vs. Clock Spring Composite Repair
page 73
NACE
#3
page 78
Pipe Support
Pressure
Reduction
page 7752
Condensing Pipe
page 79
NACE
#3
page 7856
Leak Stop
Unique Repairs
page 80
Condensing Pipe
page 79
Approvals
page 8460
Composite Repair System for Riser Applications
Unique Repairs
page 80
Reference List
page 99
Snap Wrap Offshore Extended Version/Structural Repair
Approvals
page 8461
Certification
page 103
Reference
List
page
9962
Contour &Asked
Swap Questions
Wrap Combination Offshore Riser Repair
Frequently
page 105
Certification
page 103
Disposal
page 112
Clock Spring
Offshore
Riser
63
Frequently
Asked
Questions
page 105
Disposal
page 112
800.471.0060
Fax
281.590.9528
Telephone 011 44 1487 824 449 Fax 011 44 1487 824 451
Clock Spring UK 2 Woodlands,
Warboys, Huntingdon, Cambs, PE17 2UR, England
www.clockspring.com
Telephone 011 44 1487 824 449 Fax 011 44 1487 824 451
Wescott Coatings & Training Services LTD
www.clockspring.com
Unit 9B, Tyne Point Industrial Estate
Jarrow, Tyne and Wear, NE32 3UP
T | 0191 497 5550
E | deb@wescottcoatings.com
W | www.wescottcoatings.com
2
2
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
There are over 400,000 miles of high-pressure gas gathering and transmission
There
areand
over800,000
400,000miles
milesofoflocal
high-pressure
gathering
and transmission
pipelines
distributiongas
lines
in the U.S.,
many of
pipelines
and
800,000
miles
of
local
distribution
lines
in
the
U.S.,
many of
which were installed in the 1950-1980 period. Monitoring and preventive
which
were installed
in the
1950-1980
period.safe
Monitoring
andenergy
preventive
maintenance
of this vast
network
to provide
and reliable
services
maintenance
of this vastpart
network
provide safe
reliable energy
comprises a significant
of thetooperating
and and
maintenance
costs ofservices
the
comprises
a
significant
part
of
the
operating
and
maintenance
costs
of
the
pipeline industry.
pipeline industry.
ITW Plexus
ITW
NorthPlexus
Western University
North
University
KiefnerWestern
and Associates
Kiefner
and Associates
Clock Spring
Company
Clock Spring Company
Non-intrusive
Non-intrusive
Applicable
to in-service pipelines
Applicable
to in-service
Permanent
repairpipelines
Permanent
repair
Cost effective
Costby
effective
Fully predictable and verifiable
modeling and definitive equations
Fully predictable
and
verifiable
by
modeling
and definitive equations
Eliminate all installation
variables
Eliminate
installation
variables
Effective
in allall
locations
and environments
Effective
in all
and environments
Effective
for locations
all pipe grades
and sizes
Effective
for
all
pipe
grades
and sizes
Meet or exceed current code requirements
Meet or exceed
current
code
requirements
Eliminate
field design
and
field
engineering
Eliminate
field
design
and
field
Conservatively restore the pipe to its engineering
original strength
Conservatively
restoreand
thesubjected
pipe to itstooriginal
strength
Rigorously tested
peer review
Rigorously tested and subjected to peer review
3
3
3
Major Benefits of
Clock
Spring
Major
Benefits
of Clock Spring
Better for the pipeline as all hoop stress is removed from the defect area
Installation in 15 minutes
Future intelligent pig surveys can see beneath the installed repair
Clock Spring Company L.P. 14107 Interdrive West Houston, Texas, 77032
Telephone 281.590.8491 800.471.0060 Fax 281.590.9528
Clock Spring UK 2 Woodlands, Warboys, Huntingdon, Cambs, PE17 2UR, England
Telephone 011 44 1487 824 449 Fax 011 44 1487 824 451
www.clockspring.com
Wescott Coatings
& Training Services LTD
Unit 9B, Tyne Point Industrial Estate
Jarrow, Tyne and Wear, NE32 3UP
T | 0191 497 5550
E | deb@wescottcoatings.com
W | www.wescottcoatings.com
5
5
ONCE
SPRINGISIS
ONCECURED,
CURED, CLOCK
CLOCK SPRING
SUTIABLE
ALLENVIRONMENTS
ENVIRONMENTS
SUTIABLEFOR
FOR USE
USE IN
IN ALL
ON
PIPELINES
ON4
456
56 DIAMETER
DIAMETER PIPELINES
8
8
Activity
Production Loss
Labor force
required
Labor skill level
Welding
Fillet welds
Radiography
Annular corrosion
Heavy Equipment
Timescale
Price
Clock spring
Welded steel
sleeve
Major
Large
Minor
Large
None
Small
High
Substantial
Yes
Yes
None
Major
Major
High
High
Substantial
Yes
Yes
Yes
Major
Major
High
Semi
None
None
None
None
None
Minor
Competitive
10
10
Burst Test on
Unrepaired
Spool
BURST
TEST ON UNREPAIRED
SPOOL
BURST
TEST ON SPOOL
UNREPAIRED SPOOL
BURST TEST ON
UNREPAIRED
Defect Length = 7.87in, Defect Width = 2.95in, Depth = 80% Wall Loss
Defect Length = 7.87in, Defect Width = 2.95in, Depth = 80% Wall Loss
Defect Length = 7.87in, Defect Width = 2.95in, Depth = 80% Wall Loss
11
11
11
11
Burst Test
withTEST
Clock
Spring
Repair
BURST
WITH
CLOCK
SPRING REPAIR
BURST TEST WITH CLOCK SPRING REPAIR
BURST TEST WITH CLOCK SPRING REPAIR
12
12
12
12
Cross-section Photo:
Cross-section
Cross-section Photo:
Photo:
Cross-section Photo:
Detail:
Detail:
Detail:
Detail:
13
13
13
13
13
Installation Procedure
INSTALLATION PROCEDURE
CLOCK SPRING IS
SUPPLIED IN A COMPLETE
KIT FORM FOR EACH PIPE
DIAMETER SIZE AND
INCLUDES: THE COIL,
FILLER, ADHESIVE AND
ALL APPLICATION ITEMS.
14
14
DEFECT
AREA IS
CLEANED AND
SIZED. IF
POSSIBLE, AREA
DEFECT
DEFECT AREA
AREA IS
IS CLEANED
CLEANED AND
AND SIZED.
SIZED. IF
IF POSSIBLE,
POSSIBLE, AREA
AREA
SHOULD
BE
SAND
BLASTED
TO
A
NACE
3
FINISH.
IF
THIS
IS
DEFECT
AREA
IS
CLEANED
AND
SIZED.
IF
POSSIBLE,
AREA
SHOULD
BE
SAND
BLASTED
TO
A
NACE
3
FINISH.
IF
THIS
SHOULD BE SAND BLASTED TO A NACE 3 FINISH. IF THIS IS
IS
NOT
POSSIBLE,
AREA
SHOULD
BE
GROUND
CLEAN
TO
SHOULD
BE SAND BLASTED
TO A NACE
3 FINISH.
IF THIS
IS
NOT
POSSIBLE,
AREA
SHOULD
BE
GROUND
CLEAN
TO
NOT POSSIBLE, AREA SHOULD BE GROUND CLEAN TO
REMOVE
LOOSE
NOT POSSIBLE,
AREA ALL
SHOULD
BE DEBRIS.
GROUND CLEAN TO
REMOVE
REMOVE ALL
ALL LOOSE
LOOSE DEBRIS.
DEBRIS.
REMOVE ALL LOOSE DEBRIS.
THERE IS
IS NO NEED
NEED TO DECREASE
DECREASE THE PIPELINE
PIPELINE OPERATING
THERE
THERE IS NO
NO NEED TO
TO DECREASE THE
THE PIPELINE OPERATING
OPERATING
PRESSURE
FORTO
DEFECTS
BELOW
50%
METAL
LOSS.
THERE
IS NO NEED
DECREASE
THE50%
PIPELINE
OPERATING
PRESSURE
FOR
DEFECTS
BELOW
METAL
PRESSURE FOR DEFECTS BELOW 50% METAL LOSS.
LOSS.
PRESSURE FOR DEFECTS BELOW 50% METAL LOSS.
THE DOUBLE
DOUBLE SIDED ADHESIVE
ADHESIVE STARTER PAD
PAD IS APPLIED
APPLIED TO
THE
THE DOUBLE SIDED
SIDED ADHESIVE STARTER
STARTER PAD IS
IS APPLIED TO
TO
THE PIPE
PIPE SURFACE.
SURFACE.
THE DOUBLE SIDED ADHESIVE
STARTER PAD IS APPLIED TO
THE
THE PIPE SURFACE.
THE PIPE SURFACE.
FILLER
IS APPLIED
TO THE
DEFECT AREA,
AS WELL
AS ALL
FILLER
FILLER IS
IS APPLIED
APPLIED TO
TO THE
THE DEFECT
DEFECT AREA,
AREA, AS
AS WELL
WELL AS
AS ALL
ALL
RAISED
AREAS
SUCH
AS
SEAM
OR
SPIRAL
WELD.
FILLER
IS
APPLIED
TO
THE
DEFECT
AREA,
AS
WELL
AS ALL
RAISED
AREAS
SUCH
AS
SEAM
OR
SPIRAL
WELD.
RAISED AREAS SUCH AS SEAM OR SPIRAL WELD.
RAISED AREAS SUCH AS SEAM OR SPIRAL WELD.
15
15
15
15
15
MINUTES
(8) WRAPS
AROUND THE
PIPE. 15 25
INSTALLATION
CAN
BE
COMPLETED
WITHIN
25
MINUTES
DEPENDING
ON THE PIPEWITHIN
DIAMETER.
INSTALLATION
CAN
BE
COMPLETED
15
25
INSTALLATION
CAN BE COMPLETED
15 25 MINUTES
MINUTES
DEPENDING
ON THE PIPEWITHIN
DIAMETER.
DEPENDING
ON
THE
PIPE
DIAMETER.
INSTALLATION
CAN
BE
COMPLETED
WITHIN
15
25
DEPENDING ON THE PIPE DIAMETER. MINUTES
DEPENDING ON THE PIPE DIAMETER.
16
16
16
16
16
16
FOR
LARGE
PIPE
DIAMETERS,
AND
GREATER,
IT
IS
FOR
LARGE
PIPE
DIAMETERS,
2424
AND
GREATER,
IT IS
FOR
LARGE
PIPE
DIAMETERS,
24
AND
GREATER,
IT IS
FOR
LARGE
PIPE
DIAMETERS,
24
AND
GREATER,
ITIT
IS
FOR
LARGE
PIPE
DIAMETERS,
24
AND
GREATER,
IS
FOR
LARGE
PIPE
DIAMETERS,
24
AND
GREATER,
IT
IS
FOR
LARGE
PIPE
DIAMETERS,
24
AND
GREATER,
IT
IS
RECOMMENDED
A
SPOOL
FEEDER
IS
USED.
RECOMMENDED
A
SPOOL
FEEDER
IS
USED.
RECOMMENDED
A SPOOL
FEEDER
IS USED.
RECOMMENDED
A
SPOOL
FEEDER
IS
USED.
RECOMMENDED
SPOOL
FEEDER
USED.
RECOMMENDED
A SPOOL
FEEDER
IS USED.
RECOMMENDED
AA
SPOOL
FEEDER
ISIS
USED.
THIS
IS
ATTACHED
THE
PIPE
AND
SUPPORTS
THE
IS ATTACHED
TO
THE
PIPE
AND
SUPPORTS
THE
THIS
ISTHIS
ATTACHED
TO TO
THE
PIPE
AND
SUPPORTS
THE
THIS
ISIS
ATTACHED
TO
THE
PIPE
AND
SUPPORTS
THE
THIS
ATTACHED
TO
THE
PIPE
AND
SUPPORTS
THE
THIS
IS
ATTACHED
TO
THE
PIPE
AND
SUPPORTS
THE
THIS
IS
ATTACHED
TO
THE
PIPE
AND
SUPPORTS
THE
WEIGHT
THE
COIL.
THE
COIL
IS
THEN
WOUND
AROUND
WEIGHT
OF
THE
COIL.
THE
COIL
IS WOUND
THEN
WOUND
AROUND
WEIGHT
OF OF
THE
COIL.
THE
COIL
IS
THEN
AROUND
WEIGHT
OF
THE
COIL.
THE
COIL
ISIS
THEN
WOUND
AROUND
WEIGHT
OF
THE
COIL.
THE
COIL
THEN
WOUND
AROUND
WEIGHT
OF
THE
COIL.
THE
COIL
IS
THEN
WOUND
AROUND
WEIGHT
OF
THE
COIL.
THE
COIL
IS
THEN
WOUND
AROUND
THE
PIPE
AND
ADHESIVE
IS
EACH
LAYER.
THE
PIPE
AND
ADHESIVE
IS APPLIED
TO
EACH
LAYER.
THE
PIPE
AND
ADHESIVE
IS APPLIED
TO TO
EACH
LAYER.
THE
PIPE
AND
ADHESIVE
IS APPLIED
APPLIED
TO
EACH
LAYER.
THE
PIPE
AND
ADHESIVE
APPLIED
TO
EACH
LAYER.
THE
PIPE
AND
ADHESIVE
IS APPLIED
TO TO
EACH
LAYER.
THE
PIPE
AND
ADHESIVE
ISIS
APPLIED
EACH
LAYER.
17 17
171717
17 17
17
THESE PHOTOS
PHOTOS DEPICT
DEPICT FINSHED
FINSHED INSTALLATIONS
INSTALLATIONS MADE
MADE
THESE
USING THE
THE SPOOL
SPOOL FEEDER
FEEDER SYSTEM.
SYSTEM. THE
THE SPOOL
SPOOL FEEDER
FEEDER
USING
SHOULD ALSO
ALSO BE
BE USED
USED WHEN
WHEN THERE
THERE IS
IS MINIMAL
MINIMAL
SHOULD
CLEARANCE AVAILABLE
AVAILABLE AROUND
AROUND THE
THE PIPE
PIPE OD.
OD.
CLEARANCE
18
18
18
CLOCK SPRING
Application Note
Reinforcement Edge Effect
There are times when a single Clock Spring is not wide enough to complete a
repair. In this case, two or more units are used side-by-side (Figure 1), to cover
the defect area and provide the 2-inch (50 mm) overlap specified for the repair.
These units are spaced as close as possible with a maximum gap of 0.25 inches
(6 mm). This gap is still reinforced because of a phenomenon called 'edge effect'.
19
The reinforcement provided by Clock Spring does not stop instantly at the edge
of the unit but rather decrease linearly over a short distance beyond the Clock
Spring. The rate of decrease of reinforcement with distance is complex and
must be calculated using finite element analysis (FEA) and verified by full scale
testing. This work was done for Clock Spring repairs and is reported in GRI
93/0346 "Clock Spring Reinforcement of Elbow Fittings". The findings in this
report are summarized in Figure 3.
Reinforcement (%)
Reinforcement Reduction
Test data
(absolute)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
Test data
normalized
FEA data
(absolute)
0
0.25
0.5
Distance (inches)
0.75
FEA data
normalized
Rule of Thumb
Figure 3.
Reduction in Reinforcement Beyond Edge of Clock Spring
Figure 3 shows both FEA and test data for the reduction in reinforcement past
the edge of the Clock Spring unit. The data is presented as absolute values and
normalized to 100%. The 100% represents the reinforcement of a standard Clock
Spring unit.
The x-axis is distance from sleeve edge. That is, 0.25 inches (6 mm) represents
the middle of a 0.5-inch (13 mm) gap. The 0.5-inch (13 mm) maximum gap
specified for the extrados gap of a bend repair will still be adequately reinforced.
Clock Spring Company has determined that as a "rule of thumb" the rate of
reinforcement decrease can be approximated by 25% per 0.25-inches (4% per
mm). This curve (normalized) is also shown in Figure 3.
When more than one Clock Spring is used to reinforce defects in straight pipe
the gap between the units is specified as 0.25 inches (6 mm). The edge effect
ensures adequate reinforcement in the center of the gap.
Simply the smartest pipeline repair decision you can make!
Clock Spring Company L.P. 14107 Interdrive West Houston, Texas, 77032
Telephone 281.590.8491 800.471.0060 281.590.9528
Clock Spring UK 2 Woodlands, Warboys, Huntington, Cambs PE17 2UR, England
Telephone 011 44 1487 824 449 Fax 011 44 1487 824 451
Wescott Coatings
& Training Services
20
20
21
21
21
CLOCK SPRING
Application Note
Weld Repair
Clock Spring composite repair system can be used to reinforce corrosion or
other blunt defects that affect the girth weld zone.
Clock Spring provides hoop reinforcement for pipe damaged by corrosion or
other blunt defects by wrapping tightly around the pipe and sharing the hoop
load. The cap of a girth weld restricts the Clock Spring contact with the pipe.
Defects in the weld zone can be repaired by bridging the weld cap with an
additional Clock Spring unit. Clock Springs are installed on either side of the
weld; the space between the units is filled with high compressive strength filler
and a third unit installed over the filled gap.
22
22
Application Guidelines:
1. Only certified installers may apply Clock Spring.
2. The pipeline operator must inspect the weld zone to ensure that it is free
of cracks.
3. Defect shall not exceed the following
a. 50% pipe wall loss
b. 30% of the pipe circumference
4. The following additional material is required. Filler kits, single-wrap mold,
parting film, tie-down straps, 100-grit sandpaper.
Installation Steps:
1. Install a Clock Spring unit on each side of the girth weld. (See Figure 1)
Optional: Six-inch (150 mm) wide Clock Spring may be used.
2. Remove all extruded material from the area of the girth weld.
3. Allow adhesive to cure and remove the securing filament tape nearest the
girth weld.
4. Apply filler material to the area between the Clock Spring units (over the
weld bead). Install the parting film and the single-wrap Clock Spring mold.
Tighten the mold using the tie-down straps. (See Figure 2)
5. Remove all extruded filler material.
6. Allow the filler to harden (approximately 1-1/2 hours). Cure time will be
affected by temperature.
7. Remove mold, lightly abrade filler and the exterior of the installed Clock
Springs, and wipe abraded area.
8. Apply filler material as required to all voids, center and install the Bridging
Clock Spring unit over the girth weld in accordance with standard Clock
Spring repair procedures. (See Figure 3)
Wescott Coatings
& Training Services
23
23
24
24
24
25
25
CLOCK SPRING
CLOCK SPRING
Application Note
Dent Repair
Application Note
Dent Repair
The following
procedure provides the generic approach to reinforcing dented pipe
sections. Reinforcing dented pipe reduces cyclical loading that can lead to time
The following
providesindicates
the genericthat
approach
to reinforcing
dented
pipe
dependent
failure. procedure
Fatigue testing
the Clock
Spring
repair
system
sections. Reinforcing dented pipe reduces cyclical loading that can lead to time
extends
the fatigue life for dressed mechanical defects by an order of magnitude
dependent failure. Fatigue testing indicates that the Clock Spring repair system
over grinding
as fatigue
the sole
(GRI
Report No.
GRI-97-0413
extends the
life repair.
for dressed
mechanical
defects
by an order of"Evaluation
magnitude of a
Composite
System
Repair
Mechanical
in "Evaluation
Gas Transmission
over grinding
as For
the sole
repair.of(GRI
Report No. Damage
GRI-97-0413
of a
System
For Repair
of Mechanical
Damage
Gas Transmission
Lines").Composite
The repair
is limited
to smooth
dents caused
by in
inadvertent
pipe contact
Lines"). The
is limited
smooth
caused
by inadvertent
pipe contact
with machinery
orrepair
objects
in thetoditch
ordents
backfill.
Stress
concentrators
in the dent
with
machinery
or
objects
in
the
ditch
or
backfill.
Stress
concentrators
in
the
dent area
must be removed in accordance with applicable codes and the dent
must be removed in accordance with applicable codes and the dent area
inspected
for surface
cracking.
ClockSpring
Spring
Company,
L.P.
inspected
for surface
cracking. Contact
Contact the
the Clock
Company,
L.P. or
a or a
designated
representative
forfor
more
designated
representative
moreinformation.
information.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 2
26
26
26
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Simply the smartest pipeline repair decision you can make!
Clock Spring Company L.P. 14107 Interdrive West Houston, Texas, 77032
Telephone 281.590.8491 800.471.0060 Fax 281.590.9528
Clock Spring UK 2 Woodlands, Warboys, Huntingdon, Cambs, PE17 2UR, England
Telephone
011 Coatings
44 1487 824
Fax 011
44 1487
824 451
Wescott
& 449
Training
Services
LTD
Unitwww.clockspring.com
9B, Tyne Point Industrial Estate
Jarrow, Tyne and Wear, NE32 3UP
T | 0191 497 5550
E | deb@wescottcoatings.com
W | www.wescottcoatings.com
Wescott Coatings
& Training Services
27
27
28
28
CLOCK SPRING
Application Note
Effectiveness of dent repair using Clock Spring
Number of Cycles
Clock Spring composite repair system can be used to reinforce dents in highpressure pipelines. Fatigue testing indicates that Clock Spring extends the
fatigue life for dressed mechanical defects by an order of magnitude over
grinding as the sole repair. (GRI Report No. GRI-97-0413 "Evaluation of a
Composite System For Repair of Mechanical Damage in Gas Transmission
Lines"). The repair is limited to smooth dents caused by inadvertent pipe contact
with machinery or objects in the ditch or backfill. Stress concentrators in the dent
must be removed in accordance with applicable codes and the dent area
inspected for surface cracking.
Un-repaired--------------------
Grinding only------------------X
Clock Spring & Grinding--
29
29
Number of Cycles
Cycles to failure are plotted against Diameter / Wall thickness ratio (D/t).
Analysis yields several observations.
At a D/t of 60, the fatigue life for partially repaired defects is
approximately one order of magnitude greater than the fatigue life
of un-repaired defects.
The fatigue life of fully repaired defects is approximately two orders
of magnitude greater that un-repaired defects.
Fatigue life of un-repaired and partially repaired defects increases
with increasing D/t. There is not enough data to estimate the trend
line for fully repaired data so it is shown flat.
Un-repaired--------------------
Grinding only------------------X
Clock Spring & Grinding--
Figure 2 provides data plotted with the gouge depth being the variable of interest.
As with figure 1, the following data groups are presented,
1. PRCI/GRI data for un-repaired dents with gouges (Lower)
2. GRI data for partially repaired defects (Grinding out stress riser)(Middle)
3. GRI data for fully repaired defects (Grinding plus Clock Spring)(Upper)
Several observations can be made,
The fatigue life of a dent with a gouge decreases with increasing
gouge depth.
The fatigue life of partially repaired defects is greater than unrepaired defects by two orders of magnitude at the 15 % gouge
depth.
The fatigue life of fully repaired defects is greater than un-repaired
defects by three orders of magnitude at the 15% gouge depth.
Clock Spring repair system is effective in increasing the fatigue life of
mechanical defects (dents). Stress concentrators or gouges must be removed
prior to Clock Spring installation
Unitwww.clockspring.com
9B, Tyne Point Industrial Estate
Jarrow, Tyne and Wear, NE32 3UP
T | 0191 497 5550
E | deb@wescottcoatings.com
W | www.wescottcoatings.com
31
Wescott Coatings
& Training Services
31
CLOCK SPRING
Application Note
Bend Repair
Clock Spring provides hoop reinforcement for pipe damaged by corrosion or
other blunt defects by wrapping tightly around the pipe and sharing the hoop
load. Defects in bends require special consideration to ensure that the following
design requirements are met (Figure 1a, b, c).
1. The repair area shall have the installed Clock Spring units extend a
minimum of 2 inches (51 mm) beyond both ends of the defect.
2. The gap between the Clock Spring and the intrados of the bend shall not
exceed 0.187 inches (4.8 mm).
3. The gap between adjacent Clock Spring units on the extrados of the
bend shall not exceed 0.5 inches (12.7 mm).
4. The width of each Clock Spring unit shall not be less than 2.5 inches
(63.5 mm).
32
32
The design of the bend repair requires specific information about the bend. In
addition to pipe grade, diameter, wall thickness, class location, defect length,
defect width and defect depth; provide:
Figure 2
Installation Requirements:
1. ONLY Certified Installers may install Clock Springs.
2. Install Clock Spring units in accordance with standard Clock Spring repair
procedures.
3. Start the installation of Clock Spring units from the middle of the defect
moving outwards.
4. In addition to applying filler material to all cavities and tented areas, ensure
that filler is applied to both the intrados and extrados area of the pipe
contacting the Clock Spring unit.
Simply the smartest pipeline repair decision you can make!
Clock Spring Company L.P. 14107 Interdrive West Houston, Texas, 77032
Wescott
Coatings & Training Services LTD
www.clockspring.com
Unit 9B, Tyne Point Industrial Estate
Jarrow, Tyne and Wear, NE32 3UP
T | 0191 497 5550
E | deb@wescottcoatings.com
W | www.wescottcoatings.com
Wescott Coatings
& Training Services
33
33
BEND REPAIR
BEND REPAIR
34
34
34
CLOCK
SPRING
CLOCK SPRING
Application Note
Application
Note
Clock Spring
Marker
Clock Spring Marker
Introduction
Introduction
Pipelines require periodic inspection to detect imperfections in the wall of the
Pipelines
require
periodic
inspection
to detect
in the wallisofdone
the
pipe that could
lead
to subsequent
failure
of the imperfections
pipeline. This inspection
pipe
that
could
lead
to
subsequent
failure
of
the
pipeline.
This
inspection
is
done
by several methods, the most common of which is running an inspection tool
by
several
thetools
mostare
common
of to
which
is running
tool
through
the methods,
pipe. These
designed
inspect
the steelanforinspection
imperfections
through
the
pipe.
These
tools
are
designed
to
inspect
the
steel
for
imperfections
by use of various technologies including, but not limited to, ultrasonic and
by use offlux
various
technologies
including,
butis not
to, ultrasonic
and
magnetic
leakage.
Magnetic flux
leakage
the limited
most common
technology
magnetic
flux
leakage.
Magnetic
flux
leakage
is
the
most
common
technology
used for this inspection task.
used for this inspection task.
It is valuable for a pipeline operator to be able to detect prior repairs on
It
is valuable
for a pipeline
be able
to detect
repairsofon
subsequent
inspection
so that operator
time is nottospent
determining
theprior
disposition
a
subsequent
inspection
so
that
time
is
not
spent
determining
the
disposition
of
a
defect detected by the inspection equipment. The older more traditional repairs
defect
detected
by
the
inspection
equipment.
The
older
more
traditional
repairs
are identifiable in the magnetic flux leakage inspection tool data but the Clock
are
identifiable
in the
magnetic
flux leakage
Spring
composite
repairs
are invisible
to this inspection
technology.tool data but the Clock
Spring composite repairs are invisible to this technology.
This procedure provides a means by which a magnetic flux leakage inspection
This
procedure
a means
by which repairs.
a magnetic
flux the
leakage
tool can
detect provides
Clock Spring
composite
Having
Clockinspection
Spring
tool can detect
Clock
Spring
composite
Having
theprevious
Clock Spring
identified
in the tool
data
provides
definitiverepairs.
information
about
repairs
identified
in
the
tool
data
provides
definitive
information
about
previous
repairs
and serves to identify locations that may be used to verify tool performance.
and
serves
to
identify
locations
that
may
be
used
to
verify
tool
performance.
Detailed measurements of the defect should be acquired before installation of the
Detailed
measurements
of the defect
should
be be
acquired
before
installation
of the
Clock Spring.
This information
should
then
filed for
future
reference.
On
Clock
Spring.
This
information
should
then
be
filed
for
future
reference.
On
subsequent inspections, this information can confirm the performance of the
subsequent
inspections,
this
canthe
confirm
the performance
the
inspection tool
or be used
to information
help calibrate
inspection
tool for betterofdata
inspection
tool
or
be
used
to
help
calibrate
the
inspection
tool
for
better
data
analysis.
analysis.
35
35
35
Procedure
The procedure outlined is only effective for Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL)
Procedure
inspection tools. Because of the varying performance of inspection tools, no
The
procedure
outlined
is only This
effective
for has
Magnetic
Leakage (MFL)
guarantee
is given
or implied.
method
been Flux
demonstrated
to be
inspection
tools.
Because
of
the
varying
performance
of
inspection
tools,
no
effective.
guarantee is given or implied. This method has been demonstrated to be
effective.
Measure the external defect and record results for future reference.
Install the Clock Spring using standard installation procedures.
Measure
and record
results
future
Wrap fivethe
(5) external
layers ofdefect
steel banding
material
onfor
top
of thereference.
Clock Spring at each
Install
the
Clock
Spring
using
standard
installation
procedures.
end. (See Figure 1.) The banding material is standard 1.25 x .031 steel strap
Wrap
fivematerial
(5) layers
of steel(Groves
bandingIndustrial
material on
top of
the Clock
Spring
at each
used for
shipping.
Supply
#14031)
Coat
and back-fill.
end. (See Figure 1.) The banding material is standard 1.25 x .031 steel strap
used
for material
shipping.
(Groves
Supply #14031)
back-fill.
The purpose
of this
procedure
is toIndustrial
place additional
metal in Coat
closeand
proximity
to
the pipe. Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) inspection tools can detect this additional
The
this procedure
is to place
additional
metal
in close
proximity
metalpurpose
and thusofprovide
a Clock Spring
reference
signal
in the
recorded
data. to
the pipe. Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) inspection tools can detect this additional
metal
thus provide
Clock Spring
reference
signal
in the
recordedWhile
data.this
Figureand
1 shows
metal a
banding
placed on
top of the
Clock
Spring.
ensures that the banding is insulated from the pipe, it does require additional
Figure
1 Alternatively,
shows metal the
banding
oncan
topbe
ofplaced
the Clock
Spring.
While this
material.
metalplaced
banding
on the
pipe immediately
ensures
thatClock
the banding
require
outside the
Spring.isIninsulated
this case,from
threethe
(3) pipe,
wrapsit ofdoes
banding
canadditional
be used.
material.
Alternatively,
the
metal
banding
can
be
placed
on
the
pipe
The banding in this case should be insulated from the pipe by a thin immediately
membrane.
outside
Spring.
thiseasier
case, for
three
wraps of tools
banding
can beand
used.
Bandingthe
in Clock
this position
willInbe
the(3)
inspection
to detect
is
The
banding
in
this
case
should
be
insulated
from
the
pipe
by
a
thin
membrane.
most likely to generate an easily recognizable signal in the data.
Banding in this position will be easier for the inspection tools to detect and is
most likely to generate an easily recognizable signal in the data.
Clock Spring
Pipe
Clock Spring
Pipe
Adhesive
Adhesive
Figure 1.
Banding Material
Clock Spring Identifier
Banding Material
Clock Spring Identifier
36
36
36
Figure 1
Figure 2
MFL Data Showing Clock Spring Repairs
Figure 2 shows Tuboscope Magnetic Flux Leakage inspection data of two Clock
Springs and a girth weld. The Clock Spring composite repairs are identified by
banding material placed on each edge of each unit. (Each Clock Spring unit is
nominally 1 foot wide.) The defects repaired with the Clock Springs are clearly
shown in the data. The signals from the defect are unaffected by the Clock
Spring and can be used on subsequent inspections to calibrate the tool.
Clock Spring Company L.P. 14107 Interdrive West Houston, Texas, 77032
Telephone 281.590.8491 800.471.0060 Fax 281.590.9528
Clock Spring UK 2 Woodlands, Warboys, Huntingdon, Cambs, PE17 2UR, England
Telephone 011 44 1487 824 449 Fax 011 44 1487 824 451
Wescott Coatings
& Training Services
37
37
CLOCK SPRING
Introduction
Occasionally, during the course of routine maintenance, a Pipeline Company will
daylight an existing Clock Spring repair. The Company might then like to
assess and confirm the condition of the Clock Spring.
Field Inspection
There is very little testing that can be done, insitu, to test the Clock Spring.
Visual inspection will provide the best indication of performance. The Clock
Spring installation should be inspected to ensure that
38
38
39
39
40
40
41
41
The conclusion drawn from this extensive battery of tests was that Clock
Spring repair technology could be used to permanently repair pipeline defects.
Clock Spring repairs, properly installed, will not fail because of exposure to
the environment. The conservative estimate of life is a minimum of 50 years. This
is fully documented in a number of technical reports.
Unitwww.clockspring.com
9B, Tyne Point Industrial Estate
Jarrow, Tyne and Wear, NE32 3UP
T | 0191 497 5550
E | deb@wescottcoatings.com
W | www.wescottcoatings.com
Wescott Coatings
& Training Services
42
42
CLOCK SPRING
Application Note
Riser Repair
Clock Spring composite repairs are used to repair risers and piping on offshore
platforms. The ease of installation, requiring no "hot work", makes Clock Spring
a very attractive repair alternative. The installation procedures are identical to onshore application with the exception of vertical risers. Risers are repaired in the
same manner as horizontal pipe with the Clock Spring being held in position by
support blocks secured to the pipe under the repair. As with other Clock Spring
repairs, the repaired area is stronger than new pipe. The repairs are effective,
economical and safe.
Wescott
Coatings & Training Services LTD
www.clockspring.com
Unit 9B, Tyne Point Industrial Estate
Jarrow, Tyne and Wear, NE32 3UP
T | 0191 497 5550
E | deb@wescottcoatings.com
W | www.wescottcoatings.com
Wescott Coatings
43
43
44
44
45
45
8 Riser Repair
8 RISER REPAIR
46
46
47
47
48
48
49
49
49
Completed
6 Oxygen
ReairsininUK
UKProcess
Process
Completed
6 OxygenLine
Line Repairs
PlantPlant
Completed 6 Oxygen Line Repairs in UK Process Plant
50
50
50
51
51
51
52
52
Completed repair/support.
53
53
18 Pipe Support
18 PIPE SUPPORT
18
18 PIPE
PIPE SUPPORT
SUPPORT
3 x 18 repairs made in support locations. Pipe could not be raised so blocks were
3
made
support
locations.
not
so
were
inserted
andrepairs
the supports
cut away.
PipePipe
was could
hand prepared
to remove
all traces
3 xx 18
18
repairs
made in
inwere
support
locations.
Pipe
could
not be
be raised
raised
so blocks
blocks
were of
inserted
and
the
supports
were
cut
away.
Pipe
was
hand
prepared
to
remove
all
traces
zinc
paint
and
any
corrosion
scabs.
The
3
repairs
were
completed
within
2
hours.
inserted and the supports were cut away. Pipe was hand prepared to remove all traces of
of
zinc
zinc paint
paint and
and any
any corrosion
corrosion scabs.
scabs. The
The 33 repairs
repairs were
were completed
completed within
within 22 hours.
hours.
54
54
54
54
55
55
1. Locate hole and plug the leak to reduce/stop any flow. Prepare pipe surface.
2. Thoroughly mix 2 part Metalplastic.
3. Using a metal plate, clamp the Metalplastic over the hole and leave to cure
for approximately 15-20 minutes.
56
56
Apply filler material over the metal plate and apply adhesive
to pipe surface.
57
57
58
58
CLOCK SPRING
The Fast, Economical Solution for Low Pressure
Pipeline Repair
Pipe Support
CLOCK SPRING
Pipe Support
Pipe Support
CCLLOOCCKKSSPPRRIIN
G
N
G
heavy
or specialized
installation
/ lifting
equipmentrequired
required
No No
heavy
or specialized
installation
/ lifting
equipment
skilled
labour
required
No No
skilled
labour
required
work
& welding
No No
hothot
work
& welding
production
loss
No No
production
loss
Installation can be as quick as 30 minutes
Installation can be as quick as 30 minutes
Complete cure within two hours
Complete cure within two hours
Future corrosion growth is completely prevented
Future corrosion growth is completely prevented
Completely environmentally friendly and benign, when installed
Completely environmentally friendly and benign, when installed
60
CLOCK SPRING
Snap
Offshore
Extended Repair
Version/
SnapWrap
Wrap Offshore Extended
Version/Structural
Structural Repair
Location:
Middle East
Pipe Details:
14 heavy wall structural cross member.
8 metre repair length.
Repair Application:
Severe external corrosion (up to 80%) metal loss
on structural member designed to hold riser
support clamps.
www.clockspring.com
61
sales@clockspringuk.com
sales@clockspring.com
CLOCK SPRING
Repair Application:
The riser is cleaned via grit blasting to a
SA 2.5 standard.
The defects are identified and marked.
The defects, which are concentrated
within the bends are first repaired with
Snap Wrap. The Snap Wraps are in 3
wide strips and installed in a lobster
back format for a combined length of
1.8 metres.
CLOCK SPRING
ClockSpring
Spring Offshore Riser
Clock
Offshore
Riser
Location:
West Malaysia
Pipe Details:
8 diameter
40 Bar operating pressure
30 40C ambient temperature
Defect Details:
Extensive external corrosion up to 82% wall loss
covering circumferential area, especially at the
mean sea level (splash zone).
Coil installation in progress
Repair Application:
Clock Spring reinforcement sleeve with marine
type chemicals utilised. These chemicals have
been tested for subsea application and will cure
even when submerged. The total length of riser
being repaired is 5.2 meters.
Repair Time:
Installation was completed within 9 hours,
spanning 1 days. The splash zone section of the
riser was repaired within one hour as the crew
only had a one hour window at low tide.
Completed repair
63
www.clockspring.com
sales@clockspringuk.com