A company

of ThyssenKrupp
Technologies

Uhde

ThyssenKrupp

Urea

Table of contents

Page
1.

Company profile

2.

Introduction

3.

The urea process

3.1

Synthesis

3.2

Recirculation and evaporation

12

3.3

Desorption and hydrolysis

13

3.4

Features of the Stamicarbon Urea 2000plusTM

CO2 stripping process

14

3.5

Fluid bed granulation

16

3.6

Features of the UFT fluid bed granulation process

17

4.

Consumption figures and product characteristics

18

5.

Services for our customers

22

6.

Recent references

23

A fruitful partnership
Fertilisers are used worldwide in agriculture to secure world food
supplies and to reclaim barren and uncultivated land.
Uhde provides the necessary prerequisites for this with its
ultra-modern large-scale plants and economical processes
for the production of fertilisers.

1. Company profile

Uhdes head office

in Dortmund, Germany

With its highly specialised workforce of more than 4,900 employees and its
international network of subsidiaries and branch offices, Uhde, a Dortmund-based
engineering contractor, has, to date, successfully completed over 2,000 projects
throughout the world.
Uhdes international reputation has been built on the successful application of
its motto Engineering with ideas to yield cost-effective high-tech solutions for its
customers. The ever-increasing demands placed upon process and application
technology in the fields of chemical processing, energy and environmental protection
are met through a combination of specialist know-how, comprehensive service
packages, topquality engineering and impeccable punctuality.

SAFCO IV fertiliser complex

in Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia.
Capacities: 3,300 mtpd of ammonia
3,250 mtpd of urea
3,600 mtpd granulation unit

2. Introduction

QAFCO 4 ammonia/urea complex

in Mesaieed, Qatar, successfully
commissioned by Uhde as
early as 2004.
Capacities: 2,000 mtpd of ammonia
3,200 mtpd of urea
3,500 mtpd granulation unit

Uhde has been a renowned partner in the engineering and construction of urea plants for more
than four decades. Plants built by the company
are located all over the world, some in regions
with extreme climatic conditions.
In the last eleven years Uhde has boasted a
further landmark in its fertiliser plant business:
Twelve new fertiliser plants with a total annual
urea capacity of over nine million tonnes have
been constructed and commissioned.
A milestone for Uhde was the large QAFCO 4
fertiliser complex for Qatar Fertiliser Company
(QAFCO), Mesaieed. This complex was successfully started up in 2004, making QAFCO the
world's leading urea producer at a single location.
Now, the SAFCO IV fertiliser complex, commissioned for Saudi Arabian Fertilizer Company
in Al Jubail in 2006, has an even higher urea
capacity. It comprises one of the world's biggest
urea synthesis plants as well as the biggest ever
single-train urea granulation plant.

For the production of urea Uhde provides a

portfolio containing the top state-of-the-art
technologies from leading licensors:
Urea 2000plusTM technology from
Stamicarbon, licensing subsidiary of DSM,
The Netherlands
Fluid bed granulation from Uhde Fertilizer
Technology and Stamicarbon,
both The Netherlands
Prilling technique from Stamicarbon
Urea 2000plusTM is Stamicarbon's latest development for its CO2 stripping process. Two highly-efficient and economical process variants for
the urea synthesis are available.
With the acquisition of the exclusive licence rights
for the fluid bed urea granulation technology
from Yara Fertilizer Technology, Uhde Fertilizer
Technology (UFT) has taken over the full rights
to this outstanding granulation technology,
which is the world's most successful used in
more than 50 urea plants.
Uhde's references, which account for a wide range
of services from revamps to turnkey projects,
have contributed to our reputation for plants
with high process efficiency and reliability, low
emissions and excellent product quality.

3. The urea process

The CO2 stripping process is unrivalled in its

efficiency because it uses carbon dioxide as
stripping-agent.
As shown in the block diagram, the process is
simplicity itself allowing excess unconverted
ammonia from the synthesis sector to be
recycled as carbamate in just one single stage.
In this recirculation section the unconverted NH3
and CO2 are removed from the main product
stream, condensed into carbamate again and
recycled to the synthesis sector using a highpressure carbamate pump.
The feedstock consumption figures are almost
equal to the stoichiometric values for ammonia
and carbon dioxide, leaving no room for further
reduction.

2 NH3
ammonia

The effluent and emission values are extremely

low and meet the environmental requirements
of most countries.
Process simplicity, with less equipment and
fewer process steps than any other process,
guarantees high onstream factors, ease of
operation and low maintenance costs. Furthermore, high-capacities achieved in single-line
plants are within reach.

++

NH44O

+
CO2
exothermic carbon dioxide

H22N
H22N
H22N

C O
ammonium carbamate

endothermic

C O

H22O
water
water

urea

Reaction sequences
in the urea process

NH3

Synthesis

Urea
reaction

CO2

Carbamate
condensation
Carbamate
recycling

CO2 stripping

Low-pressure
recirculation

Evaporation

Block diagram of the

CO2 stripping process

Prilling or
granulation

Urea product

Desorption and
hydrolysis
Purified process
condensate

View of the urea synthesis plant

and part of the urea granulation plant
of EFC in Egypt.

3.1 Synthesis

It is our policy to offer our

customers the most reliable
processes as well as state-ofthe-art technology.
These include: (see following
pages for diagrams)
Urea 2000plusTM with standard pool condenser.
Urea 2000plusTM with pool
reactor.
CO2 stripping process with
falling-film type carbamate
condenser.
The pool condenser is basically
a horizontal reactor vessel with
a submerged U-tube bundle.
It combines the function of the
falling-film type carbamate
condenser in the conventional
CO2 stripping process with part
of the reactor function. A 30 40 % reduction in the reactor
volume is achieved by shifting
the reaction volume to the pool
condenser.
This is of particular advantage
for high-capacity single-train
plants since the reactor is one of
the heaviest items of equipment.

The pool condenser represents

the state-ofthe-art concept in
modern urea plants.
Uhde engineered and constructed its first Urea 2000plusTM urea
plant with pool condenser for
the QAFCO 4 fertiliser complex.
The SAFCO IV ammonia/urea
fertiliser complex provides Uhde
with a further reference for this
technology.
The advantages of
Stamicarbons Urea 2000plusTM
technology with pool condenser
are:
Investment cost savings due
to the size reduction of high
pressure items.
Operational advantages
drawn from recent experience with a pool condenser
within a synthesis loop,
which include
- more stable level/pressure control
- less sensitivity to
changes in the load
or the N/C ratio.
A reduced construction
height, resulting in reduced
construction costs.

3D model of Urea 2000plusTM

with pool reactor for
Turkmendokunhimiya, Tecen, Turkmenistan

Turkmendokunhimiya's Urea synthesis

plant with Urea 2000plusTM poolreactor
at Tecen, Turkmenistan
Capacity: 1,050 mtpd Urea

A further step towards full integration of equipment items such

as the high-pressure scrubber,
the pool condenser and the
urea reactor is the horizontal
pool reactor.

by Sandvik, Sweden. This steel

offers excellent corrosion
resistance and high tenacity and
permits a reduction in the
amount of added passivation air.

fresh ammonia. The heat

released by the formation of
carbamate in the high-pressure
pool condenser is recovered to
generate low-pressure steam.

When it came to marketing

its new synthesis technology,
Urea 2000plusTM, Stamicarbon
chose Uhde as its partner to
integrate the world's first pool
reactor into DSMs new urea
plant at Geleen, the Netherlands.
Meanwhile, the world's second
pool reactor, engineered and
commissioned by Uhde, has
now come on-stream.

Hydrogen is removed from the

fresh carbon dioxide feed stream
in the H2 removal reactor located
between the compression
stages. The exothermic condensation to ammonia carbamate
as well as the endothermic
dehydration of the carbamate
to urea and water takes place
in the synthesis section.

Subsequently, the mixture of

gas and liquid flows into the
urea reactor in which the main
urea formation takes place.
The liquid reaction mixture
which leaves the reactor via an
overflow is introduced into the
stripper top.

In all CO2 stripping processes,

ammonia and carbon dioxide
are fed directly to the synthesis
section. Optimum process
conditions of approx. 140 bar
and 180C are maintained.
Carbon dioxide, to which a small
quantity of air is added to prevent corrosion, is compressed
to synthesis pressure in a multistage compressor, while the
ammonia pressure is raised by
a high-pressure pump.

3D model of Urea 2000plusTM

with pool condenser
for SAFCO IV, Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia

The high-pressure sections of

recently-built urea plants are
made of Safurex, a duplex
steel specially developed for
the Stamicarbon urea process

The reaction described results

in a chemical equilibrium; part
of the ammonia and carbon
dioxide is not converted to urea
and water. For this reason, the
reaction mixture is subjected
to a stripping process, using
carbon dioxide to strip off the
unreacted ammonia.
This design feature is highly
effective because of its low
energy requirement and retention of unconverted reactants
in the synthesis section. The
stripper offgases are introduced
into the high-pressure pool
condenser together with the
carbamate solution from the
high-pressure scrubber and

The exhaust gases (inert gases,

NH3, CO2 and H2O), which are
separated from the liquid at
the reactor top, are scrubbed
in the high-pressure scrubber
with carbamate solution from
the low-pressure recirculation
section. Thus, most of the gases
are recovered and returned to
the pool condenser via the highpressure ejector. The non-condensables withdrawn from the
high-pressure scrubber are
scrubbed in a low-pressure
absorber, thereby minimising
ammonia emissions.

Stamicarbon Urea 2000plus

Synthesis with pool condenser

Recirculation

Evaporation

13

19

7
11

5a

15
14

18

20

10

Recycling
from
granulation

4
2

NH3
CO2

Air

12
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
5.a
5.b
6.
7.
7.a

Gases
Liquids
Urea
Steam /cooling water

16

CO2 compressor
H2 removal reactor
HP ammonia pump
HP heat exchanger (stripper)
HP carbamate condenser (HPCC)
Pool condenser
Pool reactor
Reactor
HP scrubber
HP scrubber sphere

8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.

LP absorber
Dissociation heater and separator
LP carbamate condenser
Level tank for LPCC
HP carbamate pump
Atmospheric absorber
Flash tank
Pre-evaporator
Urea solution tank

Stamicarbon CO2 stripping process

Synthesis with conventional HPCC

Stamicarbon Urea 2000plus

Synthesis with pool reactor

7a

NH3

3
5b

4
2

CO2
Air

4
NH3
CO2
Air

3
1

17 21

11

Desorption & hydrolysis

Fluid bed granulation

Purified
process
water

30

23
24

22

25
33

Recycling
to
evaporation

32

29
34
Urea
granules

UF

27

26

31
28

Air
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.

Urea solution pump

Evaporator
Condenser
Flash tank condenser
NH3 water tank
Reflux condenser
Level tank f. reflux cond.
First and second desorber
Hydrolyser

26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.

Urea melt pump

Granulator
First cooler
Bucket elevator
Vibrating screens
Final cooler
Granulator scrubber
Cooler scrubber
Roll crusher

Air

Air

12

3.2 Recirculation and evaporation

Only one recirculation stage is required due to

the low ammonia and carbon dioxide concentrations in the stripped urea solution.
The ammonia and carbon dioxide still contained
in the urea solution discharged by the stripper are
recovered in this low-pressure stage. The ideal
ratio of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the
recovered gases means that dilution by the
resulting ammonium carbamate solution is minimised despite the low pressure of around 3 bar.
As a result, the carbamate pump requires a much
lower capacity and less undesirable water is
recycled to the synthesis section.
The urea solution leaving the recirculation section is further concentrated in the evaporation
section to meet the requirements of the granulation process. Vacuum evaporation is chosen to
minimise biuret formation. A urea solution tank
is provided to collect the solution during the
periodical cleaning period of the granulator.
The entire process condensate is collected in
the process condensate tank, from where
it is sent to the desorption section.

3.3 Desorption and hydrolysis

In the first desorption column, ammonia and

carbon dioxide are expelled from the process
condensate, which is then pumped to the
hydrolysis column where any urea still present
therein is dissociated.

13

The liberated ammonia and carbon dioxide are

desorbed in the second desorption column with
the aid of steam. The gas leaving the first
desorption column at the top is fed to the reflux
condenser, where the NH3, CO2 and H2O vapours
are condensed, and the majority is then pumped
to the LP carbamate condenser. The rest is
returned to the first desorption column.
The process water leaving the second desorber
meets even the most stringent statutory
environmental requirements, allowing this waste
water to be used as make-up for the cooling
water system or even as boiler feedwater.
Consequently, there is no waste water effluent
stream from this urea process.

14

3.4 Features of the Stamicarbon Urea 2000plusTM

CO2 stripping process

The successful combination of the following

features creates a variety of benefits including: lower capital investment and operating
costs; a reduction in energy consumption;
maintenance costs and plant emissions;
increased efficiency and on-stream time;
improved safety and reliability.

Easy maintenance
The limited amount of equipment and the plants compact arrangement
greatly facilitate plant maintenance.
Furthermore our layout guarantees easy access for servicing and
maintenance with all rotating equipment located at ground level.

Large single-stream plants

Uhde is a world leader in the construction of urea plants:

The SAFCO IV plant, built by Uhde for Saudi Arabian Fertilizer Company,
has a huge capacity of 3,250 mtpd of urea solution, making it one of the
worlds biggest single-train urea plants, and in fact the granulation unit, which
has a capacity of 3,600 mtpd of urea granules, is the biggest in the world.
The Abu Qir III plant in Egypt provides a foretaste of the future, since its
desorption and hydrolysis section purifies the process condensate from two
plants and is equivalent in size to a condensate treatment section of a
3,700 mtpd urea plant.
Our commitment to providing advanced technology for the future
represents the driving-force behind our in-house research and development.

High safety standards

The process feed, in particular CO2, contains combustibles such as
hydrogen. If precautions are not taken, these combustibles can combine with
the oxygen in the passivation air to create a highly flammable atmosphere.
Although this phenomenon is common to all competitive processes, none of
these use Stamicarbons safety precautions.
A hydrogen removal reactor and continuous monitoring are primary
safety precautions. Equipment designed to cope with the failure of such
precautions eliminates the danger for personnel and equipment.

Lower investment and higher reliability

SAFUREX, a new material specially developed for the
Stamicarbon process by the company Sandvik, now enables Uhde to offer its
customers an even greater degree of plant reliability.
Its improved corrosion resistance in carbamate solutions and greater
resistance to stress corrosion cracking make the new material a perfect
choice. In addition, its superior mechanical properties allow wall thicknesses
to be reduced without compromising strength. As a synthesis unit made
completely of SAFUREX does not require the addition of passivation oxygen,
the efficiency is enhanced and the risk of any explosion is eliminated.
SAFUREX pays off, both in investment and in the service life of
your plant. SAFCO IV is the first plant in the world in which the entire synthesis
unit is manufactured from SAFUREX.

On-stream time

In todays competitive market unscheduled downtime is more

costly than ever before.
Operational simplicity combined with gravity flow, fewer process
steps, less synthesis equipment and the most moderate synthesis conditions
facilitate operation and guarantee high on-stream times.

15

Process Efficiency
The process conditions in the CO2 stripping process result in an
optimum conversion of both reactants eliminating the need for an MP
recirculation section and a pure ammonia recycle.
Stripping with CO2, which is much less soluble in urea than NH3,
contributes substantially to the extremely low recycle rates.
CO2 and NH3 consumption is reduced to almost
stoichiometric values by continually improving the process with
respect to emissions.

Low corrosion
The aggresive nature of the process media means that the
process with the lowest temperature will ultimately create the least
corrosive conditions.
Unique preventive process conditions and application of the best
available construction materials minimise corrosion and achieve
outstanding on-stream factors. No need for elaborate zirconium or
titanium materials.

Low utilities consumption

The favourable process conditions allow excellent heat recovery
within the urea unit, for instance the recovery of heat released during
carbamate condensation.
A steam system integrated into the ammonia complex improves
overall utility consumption.
Low synthesis pressure, low carbamate recycle and the fact that we do
not have a separate ammonia recycle, are all factors which minimise energy
consumption.

Low emissions
The low NH3/CO2 ratio reduces the content of free ammonia in the urea
solution, thereby minimising ammonia emission in the finishing section.
The application of state-of-the-art technology for treating
gaseous and liquid effluents ensures minimal environmental impact.
The result: a purified process condensate that can be reintroduced
as make-up water for cooling water or as boiler feedwater.

Simple operation
The process involves far less equipment and fewer process steps
than competitive processes and, with its unique measurement of the N/C ratio
using an advanced density meter, operational comfort is always ensured.
We take full advantage of the advances in computer control technology
and supply advanced process control systems to suit the needs of your
operators.
To facilitate process handling even further, we also provide operator
training on process simulators.
Blocking-in the synthesis loop during plant shutdown (up to 72 hours)
greatly facilitates restart and enables a rapid return to production.
Uhdes newly-introduced high-pressure centrifugal pumps in ammonia
and carbamate service, developed together with Flowserve (Irving, USA),
have more than lived up to expectations: In operation at the QAFCO 4 plant
since late December 2004, they have proved themselves to be highly reliable
and to require minimal maintenance.

16

3.5 Fluid bed granulation

View of a fluid bed granulator

UFT fluid bed granulation

Formaldehyde is added to the
urea melt as a granulation aid
before it is injected into the
granulator. The granulation
mode causes accretion, which
means that granules are
formed through solidification of
the urea melt deposited on the
seed material.
Fluidisation air, which even in
very hot and damp climates is
not dehumidified, is supplied
to the product layer through the
perforated plate. The granulated
product extracted from the
granulator is cooled down in
the first fluid bed cooler and
lifted by bucket elevators to the
screening section.

The oversize material is crushed

and returned to the granulator
as seeding particles together
with the undersize grains.
The specification-grade product
is sent to storage after final
cooling. Urea dust entrained in
the air from the granulator, the
fluid bed coolers and various
dedusting points is recovered
in a scrubbing system.
Process condensate from the
desorption section is used as
make-up water for the scrubbing liquid, which is recycled
to the evaporation section as
45% solution.
The fluid bed granulation
process is the leading granulation technology because of its
high efficiency and a granulator that ensures excellent
product quality with extremely
low solids recycle rates. This

process has allowed the construction of the worlds largest

single-train granulation plants
which a capacity of 3,600 tpd
for SAFCO IV. The fact that
there is no waste water and
only minimum dust emission
means it conforms to the most
stringent environmental laws.
Maximum operating flexibility
and reliability as well as minimum maintenance requirements and fewer operating
staff are further features of this
advanced process.
The granules produced by this
technology are round and very
hard and therefore highly resistant to crushing and abrasion.
They can be produced in a
wide range of defined sizes.

Stamicarbons granulation
technology
In 1995 Stamicarbon introduced its patented granulation
technology, which was developed in the 1970's and 1980s.
This technology, first applied
by Uhde for three grass-roots
plants in Egypt, can be offered
as an alternative.

3.6 Features of the

UFT fluid bed granulation process

17

Urea granules are produced in all

requested product size distributions.

The UFT fluid bed technology

is renowned as the most successful granulation process.
Uhde now has unlimited access
to this technology, which features the following highlights:

Flexibility
Its outstanding flexibility permits
virtually all requested product
size distributions, from an average diameter of 2 - 7 mm, to
be produced in the same plant
without interrupting operation
for size change. The granulation unit provides simple startup and shutdown procedures
and a turndown ratio which is
40 % of the nominal capacity.
On-stream time
The inherent reliability of the
process is largely due to the fact
that the granulators have no
moving parts, the blowers and
fans are only used for the treatment of ambient or scrubbed
air and no belt conveyors are
required to transport solids
within the granulation unit.

Emissions
Efficient, cost-effective scrubbing technology is used to
recover the valuable product
and to meet the most stringent
environmental requirements.
Large single-train capacities
With its compact granulation
unit the process is the ideal
choice for large single-train
urea production plants. The
granulation units for SAFCO IV
in Saudi Arabia and QAFCO 4
in Qatar are excellent examples with their capacities of
3,600 mtpd and 3,500 mtpd
of urea granules, respectively.

Product quality
High-quality granules with a
well-rounded shape, which are
very hard and particularly
resistant to crushing and abrasion, making them dust-free,
non-caking and completely
free-flowing.
High efficiency
With its sophisticated product
size selectivity, the granulator
minimises both the urea recycle
and the load for the evaporation
section.

18

4. Consumption figures and product

characteristics

NH3 (100 %)
CO2 (100 %)

kg
kg

Utilities, power and

auxiliary materials (1)
Steam (108 bar abs. / 505C)
Cooling water (T= 10C)
Electric power
Formaldehyde

kg
m3
kWh
kg

Product quality
N content
Biuret content
Moisture content
Formaldehyde content
Crushing strength
Particle size (typical):

wt.%
wt.%
wt.%
wt.%
kg
%

Waste water quality

Urea concentration
Ammonia concentration

ppm by wt.
ppm by wt.

Effluents from granulation

Urea dust
NH3(2)

mg/Nm3
mg/Nm3

564
730

860
88
58
4.5

46.2
0.8
0.2
0.45
3.0 (3.0 mm )
90 (2.0 - 4.0 mm )

1
1

30
30/140

(1)

Including CO2 compression

(2)

With/without acidic scrubbing, which generates a small quantity of ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate solution.

All consumption figures are per metric ton of final product and serve as general information only.
Local conditions may have a considerable influence on the performance figures.

The world's largest urea store at the QAFCO 4

fertiliser complex in Mesaieed, Qatar.
With a size of about six football pitches and
a capacity of 160,000 tonnes it is truly gigantic.

19

20

21

Third fertiliser complex of AFC

in Abu Qir (near Alexandria), Egypt.
Capacities: 1,200 mtpd of ammonia,
1,925 mtpd of urea,
2,000 mtpd granulation unit

22

5. Services for our customers

Uhde is dedicated to providing its customers

with a wide range of services and to supporting
them in their efforts to succeed in their line of
business.
With our worldwide network of subsidiaries,
associated companies and experienced local
representatives, as well as first-class backing
from our head office, Uhde has the ideal
qualifications to achieve this goal.
We at Uhde place particular importance
on interacting with our customers at an early
stage to combine their ambition and expertise
with our experience.
Whenever we can, we give potential customers
the opportunity to visit operating plants and to
personally evaluate such matters as process
operability, maintenance and on-stream time.
We aim to build our future business on the
confidence our customers place in us.
Uhde provides the entire spectrum of services
associated with an EPC contractor, from the
initial feasibility study, through financing concepts
and project management right up to the commissioning of units and grass-roots plants.

The policy of the Uhde group and its

subsidiaries is to ensure utmost quality in the
implementation of our projects. Our head office
and subsidiaries worldwide work to the same
quality standard, certified according to:
DIN/ISO 9001/EN29001.
We remain in contact with our customers even
after project completion. Partnering is our
byword.
By organising and supporting technical symposia,
our Fertiliser Symposium or the Stamicarbon
Urea Symposium for example, we promote
active communication between customers, licensors, partners, operators and our specialists.
This enables our customers to benefit from the
development of new technologies and the
exchange of troubleshooting information.
We like to cultivate our business relationships
and learn more about the future goals of our
customers. Our after-sales services include
regular consultancy visits which keep the owner
informed about the latest developments or
revamping options.

Feasibility studies/technology selection

Uhde stands for tailor-made concepts and

international competence. For more information
contact one of the Uhde offices near you or visit
our website:

Project management

www.uhde.biz

Arrangement of financing schemes

Further information on this subject can be found

in the following brochures:

Our impressive portfolio of services includes:

Financial guidance based on an intimate

knowledge of local laws, regulations and
tax procedures
Environmental studies
Basic/detail engineering
Utilities/offsites/infrastructure
Procurement/inspection/transportation services
Civil works and erection
Commissioning
Training of operating personnel
Plant operation/plant maintenance

UFT fluid bed granulation

Ammonia
Nitric acid
Nitrate fertilisers

6. Recent references

23

E
P
C

Com- Customer
pletion

Plant Site

Plant
Process

Capacity

2010

Arzew,
Algeria

Urea plant
Granulation

Urea solution
Urea granules

Damietta,
Egypt

Urea plant
Granulation

Urea solution 2 x 1,925 t/d

Urea granules 2 x 2,000 t/d

Stamicarbon Turnkey
Stamicarbon

Damietta,
Urea plant
Egypt
Granulation
Helwan,
Urea plant
Egypt
Granulation
Ain Sukhna/Suez,Urea plant
Egypt
Granulation
Alexandria,
Urea plant
Egypt
Granulation
Al Jubail,
Urea plant
Saudi Arabia
Granulation

Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea solution
Urea granules

1,925 t/d
2,000 t/d
1,925 t/d
2,000 t/d
1,925 t/d
2,000 t/d
1,925 t/d
2,000 t/d
3,250 t/d
3,600 t/d

Stamicarbon
UFT
Stamicarbon
Stamicarbon
Stamicarbon
Stamicarbon
Stamicarbon
Stamicarbon
Stamicarbon
UFT

Tecen,
Turkmenistan
Mesaieed,
Qatar
Bintulu,
Malaysia

Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea solution
Expansion by
Urea granules
Expansion by
Urea solution
Expansion by
Urea granules
Expansion by
Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea solution

1,050 t/d
1,050 t/d
3,200 t/d
3,500 t/d
2,250 t/d
446 t/d
2,400 t/d
550 t/d
3,000 t/d
1,000 t/d
3,000 t/d
800 t/d
1,925 t/d
2,000 t/d
740 t/d

Stamicarbon
UFT
Stamicarbon
UFT
Stamicarbon

Urea granules

950 t/d

Urea plant
Granulation
Urea plant
Granulation

Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea solution
Urea granules

2,000 t/d
2,000 t/d
1,925 t/d
2,000 t/d

Geleen,
Urea plant
The Netherlands
Belle Plaine,
Urea plant
Canada
Granulation

Urea solution
for UAN
Urea solution
Urea granules
Expansion by
Urea solution
Urea granules
Urea prills
Expansion by

1,150 t/d

2010

2008
2007
2006
2006
2006

2004
2004
2004

Orascom Construction
Industries for Sonatrach
Orascom Fertiliser
Company (Sorfert)
Egyptian Agrium
Nitrogen Products Co.
SAE (EAgrium)
Misr Oil Processing Co.
Helwan
Fertilizer Co.
Egyptian Fertilizer
Co. (EFC II)
Alexandria Fertilizer Co.
(AlexFert)
Saudi Arabian
Fertilizer Company
(SAFCO IV)
Turkmendokunhimiya
via Gap Insaat
Qatar Fertilizer
Company (QAFCO 4)
ASEAN Bintulu Fertilizer
Sdn Bhd (ABF)

Urea plant
Granulation
Urea plant
Granulation
Urea plant
Granulation

2003

Qatar Fertiliser Company Mesaieed,

(Qafco 3)
Qatar

Urea plant
Granulation

2000
1999

Egyptian Fertilizer
Co. (EFC I)
Incitec Ltd.

1998

CF Industries Inc. (CFI)

1998

1998

Abu Qir Fertilizers and

Chemical Ind.Co. (AFC)
(Abu Qir III)
DSM MELAMINE B.V.

1997

Saskferco Products Inc.

1997

Qatar Fertilizer
Company (QAFCO 3)
Ultrafertil

1996

Ain Shukna/
Suez, Egypt
Gipson Island,
Australia

Donaldsonville,
USA
Alexandria,
Egypt

Mesaieed,
Qatar
Araucaria,
Brazil

Urea plant
Granulation
Urea plant,
evaporation
Granulation

Urea plant
Granulation
Urea plant
Prilling

Licensor or
Know-how

Engineering
Procurement
Construction

3,450 t/d
3,450 t/d

2,850 t/d
2,850 t/d
850 t/d
2,000 t/d
2,200 t/d
1,975 t/d
475 t/d

Contract
Project Notes

Stamicarbon E, P
UFT

Turnkey
Turnkey
Turnkey
Turnkey
Turnkey
Pool condenser
E, P
Pool reactor
Turnkey
Pool condenser
E
2. Expansion

UFT
Stamicarbon E
Expansion
UFT
Stamicarbon Turnkey
UFT
Stamicarbon Turnkey
In cooperation
UFT
with Shedden
Uhde
Stamicarbon E, P
UFT
Stamicarbon Turnkey
UFT
Stamicarbon E, P
Pool reactor
Stamicarbon E
UFT
Expansion
Stamicarbon Turnkey
UFT
Stamicarbon E, P, C
Expansion

PDF 22.1.2009

FL 117e/2000 12/2007 D/Hi/ Printed in Germany