IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering | Volume 2 | Issue 06 | December 2015

ISSN (online): 2349-784X

The Result of Partial Replacement of Cement by

using Waste Fly Ash and Natural Sand by using
Waste Marble Dust, Stone Dust on Mechanical
Properties of Concrete
Mr. Lokesh Kumar
M. E. Student
Department of Civil Engineering
M.I.T.S., Gwalior (M.P.), India

Prof. Gautam Bhadoriya

Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
M.I.T.S., Gwalior (M.P.), India

Abstract
The present paper deals with the effect on strength and mechanical properties of cement concrete by using Fly ash (FA), Marble
dust (MD) & Stone dust (SD). Concrete has become an indispensable construction material and it is now used in greater
quantities than any other material. In the present context durability, strength, economy and stainable development are key issues
for development. 25% and 35% of fly ash is used as replacement of cement and 30% and 40% natural sand is replaced by MD
and SD in different proportion in concrete. Properties of fresh concrete and hardened concrete are investigated. Concrete
prepared by replacing 25% of cement by Fly ash and 30% of sand by marble dust and stone dust showed good results. The 7day
& 28 days compressive strength was only about 3 to 4 % lesser than the control concrete.
Keywords: Ordinary Portland Cement (43 grade), Fly ash, marble dust, stone dust, Compressive strength, M30
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I. INTRODUCTION
In India large amount of fly ash is generated in thermal power plant with an imperative blow on environmental and living
organism. The use of fly ash marble powder & stone dust in concrete can reduce the consumption of natural resources and also
diminishes the effect of pollutant in environment. Fly ash is one of the residues generated in the combustion of coal and Marble
is a metamorphic rock resulting from the transformation of pure lime stone. The purity of the marble is responsible for its colour
and appearance. it is white and used for construction and decoration ; as it is durable and good in appearance. The globle
consumption of natural sand is very high, due to the extensive use of concrete. In general, the demand of natural sand is quite
high in developing countries to satisfy country like India facing shortage in good quality natural sand. In past decade variable
cost of natural sand used as fine aggregate in concrete increased the cost of construction. In the situation research began for
inexpensive and easily available alternative material to natural sand.
Abbreviation: FA, fly ash; MD, marble dust; SD, stone dust .

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Priyanka A., Jadhav, Dilip K. KUlkarni reported that The effect of water cement ratio on hardened properties of cement mortar
with partial replacement of natural sand by manufactured sand is investigated. Designed mortar mix having proportion as 1:2, 1:3
and 1:6 with water cement ratio of 0.5 and 0.55 respectively is used in experimental study. Mortar cube exhibits excellent
strength with 50% replacement of natural sand by manufactured sand.
HanifiBinici, Hasan Kaplan and SalihYilmaz, reported that some mechanical properties concrete containing marble dusts
(MD) and limestone dustes were investigated. Seven concrete mixtures were produced in three series with control mixes having
400kg cement content. These control mixes were modified to 5,10 and 15% MD and LD in place of fine sand aggregate. The
compressive strength of concrete were measured for 7, 28,90 and 360 days.
A.Krishnamoorthi, and G. Mohan Kumar reported that concurrent use of fly ash and quarry dust in concrete will make the
concrete by using their properties in a beneficial way. The decrease in early strength by the addition of fly ash is compensated by
addition of quarry dust .The decrease in workability by the addition of quarry dust is reduced by the addition fly ash. This paper
investigates the workability and strength characteristics of Quarry Dust Concrete (QDC) containing 0% to 30% of fly ash. Based
on the test results, it can be concluded that combined use of quarry dust and fly ash can be shown improved strength in concrete
and also preserve the environment.

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31

The Result of Partial Replacement of Cement by using Waste Fly Ash and Natural Sand by using Waste Marble Dust, Stone Dust on Mechanical Properties of
Concrete
(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 06 / 008)

III. MATERIAL AND METHOD

A. Cement
The cement was used ordinary portland cement (43 grade) The physical test were conducted on OPC (43 grade).
Test
Fineness of cement
Consistency of cement
Specific gravity
Initial setting time
Final setting time

Result
5%
32%
3.10
45min
445min

IS: Standerd
shall not be more than 10%
Shall not be less than 30 %

Remark
With 90 Seive
With vicat appratus
With Le chatelier Flask
With vicat appratus
With vicat appratus

Shall not be less than 30 min

shall not be more than 600 min

B. Fly Ash
Fly ash used was obtained from Parichha thermal power plant Jhansi (U.P.) India. Fly ash is one of the residues generated in the
combuston of coal. Specific gravity of fly ash is 2.14.
Fineness - 18% retained on 90 sieve
C. Stone Dust
Stone dust used was obtained from stone crusher plant located
The fineness modulus and specific gravity are 2.98 and 2.64 respectively.

in

Deen

dayal

nagar,

Gwalior

(M.P.).

D. Marble Dust
Marble dust used was obtained from processing plant located at Radha swami Dayal bagh Agra(U.P.). And It is obtained by
sawing and polishing of marble blocks.
Specific gravity is 2.72
Fineness - 24% retained on 90 sieve
E. Natural Sand

Specific gravity = 2.62

Water absorbed= 1.5%
Sieve analysis = zone
Fineness modulus = 3.11

F. Aggregate

Specific gravity = 2.70

Water absorbed = 0.33%

IV. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

The experimental investigation was planned to know the effect of fly ash and marble dust, stone dust Addition as a replacement
of Ordinary portland cement (43 grade) and fine aggregate (natural sand) . 12 types of concrete sample were prepared using
150x150x150 mm mould for control concrete M30 mix was designed as per IS 10262:2009 .
A. Control Mix
Water(liters)
0.45
183

Cement(kg)
1
406

Fine Aggregate(kg)
1.44
585

Coarse Aggregate(kg)
2.90
1181

B. Details of Sample
Mix

Cement

Fly ash

C
M1
M2
M3
M4

100%
75%
75%
75%
75%

0%
25%
25%
25%
25%

Fine Aggregate
Sand
MD
SD
100%
70%
70%
70%
60%

0%
20%
15%
10%
30%

0%
10%
15%
20%
10%

Coarse Aggregate

W/C

100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

0.45
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55

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32

The Result of Partial Replacement of Cement by using Waste Fly Ash and Natural Sand by using Waste Marble Dust, Stone Dust on Mechanical Properties of
Concrete
(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 06 / 008)

M5
M6
M7
M8
M9
M10
M11
M12

75%
75%
65%
65%
65%
65%
65%
65%

25%
25%
35%
35%
35%
35%
35%
35%

60%
60%
70%
70%
70%
60%
60%
60%

20%
10%
20%
15%
10%
30%
20%
10%

20%
30%
10%
15%
20%
10%
20%
30%

100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

0.55
0.55
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60

C. Detail of Samples Strength by Adding 25% And 35% Fly Ash

S.No.

Mix

7 days Avg. strength (N/mm2)

28 days Avg. strength (N/mm2)

27.55

39.20

M1

20.88

29.80

M2

23.55

32.00

M3

26.66

37.35

M4

21.33

30.25

M5

22.22

31.55

M6

20.88

29.80

M7

19.55

28.00

M8

20.44

28.90

10

M9

23.11

33.35

11

M10

19.55

27.55

12

M11

17.77

25.80

13

M12

18.66

26.70

Fig. 1: 28 days Compressive Strength Value (N/mm2) at 25% addition of fly ash

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33

The Result of Partial Replacement of Cement by using Waste Fly Ash and Natural Sand by using Waste Marble Dust, Stone Dust on Mechanical Properties of
Concrete
(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 06 / 008)

D. Compressive Strength at 25% fly ash

Fig. 2: 28 days Compressive Strength

Fig. 3: 28 days Compressive Strength Value (N/mm2) at 35% addition of fly ash

E. Compressive Strength at 35% fly ash

Fig. 4: 28 days Compressive Strength

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34

The Result of Partial Replacement of Cement by using Waste Fly Ash and Natural Sand by using Waste Marble Dust, Stone Dust on Mechanical Properties of
Concrete
(IJSTE/ Volume 2 / Issue 06 / 008)

V. CONCLUSION
1) Water cement ratio increased with addition of fly ash than control mix in diverse mix shown above table.
2) Initial and Final setting time of concrete are decrease with addition of fly ash.
3) The maximum 28 days compressive strength was achieved in mix M3 than other diverse concrete mixes M1, M2-M12
shown above table. It is very much near to the control mix.
4) Using fly ash, marble dust and stone dust waste in concrete mix proved to be very useful to solve environmental problems
and reduces to some extent the requirement of cement in large quantity. Therefore, it is recommended to re-use these wastes
in concrete to move towards sustainable development in construction industry.

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