SECTION A

1. Differentiate between living and Non Living organisms in levels of organization.

2. Define/Differentiate between: Abiogenesis and Biogenesis.
3. Show that reducing atmosphere is essential for biotic synthesis with reference to
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effect of oxygen.
Write short notes on:
a. Chemogeny
b. Biogeny
c. Cognogeny
Differentiate between Biogeny and Cognogeny.
Write a note on the Modern concept of origin of life.
Give the postulates of Oparin Haldane Theory.
Define :
a. Coacervates
b. Protobionts
c. Vestigial Organs (give an example)
d. Atavism
Describe the Miller and Urey Experiment on origin of life.
Define/ differentiate between: Homologous and Analogous organs with 2 examples
each from plants and animals.
How do homologous/analogous organs help in providing evidence for organic
evolution?
Write a note on the similarity in early development vertebrate embryos.
Write a note on the theory of recapitulation/ Biogenetic Law.
Define/differentiate between ontogeny and phylogeny.
Define fossils.
Differentiate between missing link and connecting link.
What two groups does the Archaeopteryx phylogenetically link? State your reasons.
Give the differences between continuous and discontinuous distribution.
(Genetic evidence)
Give an account of Darwins finches.
What are the postulates of Lamarcks theory of evolution?
Give an evidence in favor of Lamarcks theory of evolution.
Give three examples which criticize Lamarcks theory.
State the postulates of Darwins theory of evolution.
How is the long neck of a giraffe explained by:
a. Lamarcks theory
b. Darwins theory
Explain the DDT resistance of mosquitoes to pesticides.
Explain natural selection on the basis of sickle cell anemia.
Who was the originator of the theory of Natural Selection? Explain the evolution of
specides by this theory.
Describe Lederbergs Replica Plating experiment to show the genetic basis of
adaptation.

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30. Name and define the three types of natural selection, with the help of graphs.
31. Give differences between natural and artificial selection.
32. Write a note on the Modern Synthetic Theory.
33. Define Neo-Darwinism.
34. How is Darwinism different from Neo-Darwinism?
35. Define Variation and give the causes of variation.
36. Write a note on De Vries theory of mutation/ Mutation theory of evolution.
37. Define mutation.
38. What are the types of mutation? Differentiate between them.
39. Define gene mutation. What are the two types?
40. Define Frameshift mutation.
41. Explain the role of mutation in evolution.
42. Define
a. Gene pool
b. Gene bank
c. Gene flow
d. Genetic drift
e. Founders effect
f. Bottleneck effect
g. Hardy Wienberg principle.
43. Explain genetic drift with possible causes. (The different effects)
44. (Adaptation- Mimicry)
45. Give four characteristics of:
a) Dryopithecus,
b) Australopithecus,
c) Homoerectus,
d) Homo neanderthalensis,
e) Cromagnon man and
f) Homo sapiens
46. State three structural features by which the Neanderthal man differed from Homo
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sapiens.
Give three structural features by which the Australopithecus man differed from Homo
sapiens.
Enumerate three structural features by which the Cromagnon man differed from
Homo sapiens.
State the main morphological changes that occurred in the ancestors of modern man.
Give reasons to show that Cro Magnon man is the direct ancestor of man of today.
Give the characteristic features that suggest a close phylogenetic relationship
between man and apes.
Enumerate the characteristics that have developed in human being during evolution.
Differentiate between apes and man with respect tho the following:
a) Posture
b) Cranium
c) Brow Ridges

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d) Locomotion
54. Explain convergent and divergent evolution with examples.

Chapter notes:

Miller and Urey Experiment:

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Types of Natural Selection

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