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Experiment 4
Multi Pump Test Rig
Objectives
-
Overview
Pumps are of a major concern to most engineers and technicians. The types of
pump vary considerably in principle and design, and the selection of the
appropriate pump for a particular application is essential for satisfactory
operation. This experiment allows students to measure the operating
characteristic of different pumps in a contained unit. This training unit
incorporates appropriate pipe work and tanks to make the operation selfcontained. The manually operated valves and pipe work are arranged for rapid
and safe selection of any one-test pump. All necessary instrumentation for
measurement of flow, pump head, speed and power are included. In the
experiments, students are able to operate three types of pump namely a
Horizontal Single Stage Centrifugal Pump, a Positive Displacement Plunger
Pump and a Positive Displacement Gear Pump.
Make sure that the water tank is filled with water up to at least 50%.
2.
Make sure that the oil tank is filled with oil up to at least 50%.
3.
Make sure that the RS 232 data cable is connected to the computer.
4.
Switch on the main power supply located on the control panel. The
instruments should light up.
5.
Select the appropriate pump and flow meter according to the following
combination.
6.
Switch on the computer and monitor if you are using them to collect data
and generate the characteristic curve.
Pump
Indication
P1/P2
0 -100%
Flow
Meter
FT 1
Types of
Pump
Pump
Selection
Switch
Process
Selection
Switch
Hand Valve
OPEN
Hand Valve
CLOSE
P1
Water
P2
Water
Horizontal
Single
Stage Pump
Plunger
Pump
Flow rate
0 113.56
L/min
Diff.
Pressure
DPT 1
Pump
Head
0 3 bar
Important:
i.
ii.
2.
Ensure that the cable between the computer and the Pump Test Rig is
correctly connected.
3.
4.
Under Windows click on the Pump Test Rig icon. The program wills
startup automatically.
5.
The table consists of fifteen entries and a final entry at the bottom labeled
'live'- this is the live reading at that moment in time (online data).
6.
During an experiment, if you wish capture these data, click on the 'Record'
button.
7.
8.
These captured data could be saved in the form of a file. It could also be
loaded later for review or to add a new entry.
9.
It is important that the user selects the correct pump before recording the
data, as live data will be represented differently for each pump.
Experimental Procedures
Experiment 1
2.
Set the motor speed to about 2800rpm using the speed control beside the speed
indicator.
3.
4.
Record the flow rate once the readings are stable. (Refer Table 1)
5.
Repeat steps 2 and 4 for the following speed readings of 2600, 2400, 2200, 2000,
1800, 1600, 1400, 1200, 1000, 800 and 600rpm.
6.
The data collected using above procedure will enable you to plot the
following characteristic curve:
i. Rotational speed (N) Vs. Volume Flow (Q)
Note:
i.
ii.
Please switch off the pump by pressing the stop push button at the end
of experiment.
Adjust the potentiometer to its minimum setting (fully anti clockwise).
Experiment 2
2.
Set the motor speed to maximum (2800rpm) using the speed control
beside the speed indicator.
3.
Set HV2 at full opening so that the output flow rate is maximum and
record the readings for the flow rate, the differential pressure, the power
and speed once the readings are stable. (Refer Table 2)
4.
Repeat step 3 with the following flow rate of output 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%,
30%, 20%, 10%. You can try any other intermediate reading.
5.
The data you have collected will enable you to analyze the following
characteristic curve:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
Note:
i.
ii.
Vs
Vs
Vs
Vs
Vs
Vs
Please turn off the pump by pressing the stop push button at the end
of experiment.
Adjust the potentiometer to its minimum setting (fully anti clockwise).
Experiment 3
2.
Adjust the potentiometer beside the speed indicator, set the motor speed
to its maximum (i.e. About 950 rpm)
3.
Slowly adjust the HV2 so that the pump head (pressure) is at 90%.
4.
Record the flow rate once the readings are stable.(Refer Table 3)
5.
Repeat steps 2 and 4 for the following motor speed readings of P2 = 950,
900, 850, 800, 750, 700, 650, 600, 550 rpm.
6.
The data you have collected will enable you to plot the following
characteristic curve.
i.
Vs.
Note:
i.
ii.
Please turn off the pump by pressing the stop push button at the end
of experiment.
Adjust the potentiometer to its minimum setting (fully anti clockwise).
Warning: Do not close the HV2 completely when P2 is running. This may cause
serious damage to the instrument.
Experiment 4
2.
Adjust the potentiometer beside the speed indicator, set the motor speed
to its maximum (i.e. About 950 rpm).
3.
4.
Repeat step 3 with the following pump head readings of P2 = 80%, 70%,
60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%. You can try any other intermediate
reading but never try to close the HV2 or HV 11 fully. This is to ensure
that the existing pressure develop in the pipeline doesnt exceed the limit.
5.
The data you have collected will enable you to plot the following
characteristic curve;
i. Motor Input Power (PMi)
ii. Volume Flow (Q)
iii. Pump Power Output (Po)
iv. Pump Power Input (Pi)
v. Pump Efficiency (ETA)
vi. Overall Efficiency (ETAgr)
vii. Volumetric Efficiency (ETAv)
Vs
Vs
Vs
Vs
Vs
Vs
Vs
Note:
i.
ii.
Please turn off the pump by pressing the stop push button at the end
of experiment.
Adjust the potentiometer to its minimum setting (fully anti clockwise).
Warning: Do not close the HV2 completely when P2 is running. This may cause
serious damage to the instrument.
Results
Record the data collected for experiment 1 in the table below.
Table 1: Rotational Speed and Flow rate for P1
Speed (RPM)
Speed
RPM
Diff.Pressure
%
Power
kW
Flow rate
%
Speed
RPM
Power
kW
List of Abbreviation
Symbol
Description
Constant
Value
N
PMI
H
Q
Pi
Po
Pm
Zc1
Zc2
ETA
ETAgr
ETAv
w
oil
DP
Pr
g
Pp1min
Pp2min
Pp3min
Vigar
Vipiston
ZG1
ZG2
Rotational Speed
Motor Input Power
Pump Total Head
Volume Flowrate
Pump Power Input
Pump Power Output
Pump Mechanical Power
Inlet Distance From Datum (water)
Outlet Distance From Datum (water)
Pump Efficiency
Overall Efficiency
Volumetric Efficiency
Density of Water
Density of Oil
Differential Pressure
Pressure
Gravity
Pump 1 Power at No Load (50 Hz)
Pump 2 Power at No Load (50 Hz)
Pump 3 Power at No Load (50 Hz)
Volume Displacement for Gear Pump
Volume Displacement for Plunger Pump
Inlet Distance From Datum (oil)
Outlet Distance From Datum (oil)
10
180 mm
860 mm
1000
910
9.81
70
60
50
6.309 x 10-6
2.09 x 10-5
64 mm
380 mm
Unit
RPM
W
m
m3/hr
W
W
W
m
m
%
%
%
kg/m3
kg/m3
%
%
m/s2
W
W
W
m3/rev
m3/rev
m
m
113.56 x 60
Q = (q/100) x
1000
4
DP 3 x 10.2 x 10
H = (Zc 2- Zc 1) +
x
w g
100
Po = (wg HQ) / 3600
Pump Efficiency, %
ETA =
Overall Efficiency, %
ETA gr=
Po
x 100
PMI
ETAv =
Q
x 100
Vi x N x 60
Po
x 100
Pi
Note: 1 GPM
1 bar
= 3.7854 LPM
= 10.2 mH2O
Discussion
Plot all the characteristic curves which have been stated in all the experiment
conducted. Comments the plotted graphs in terms of their relationships between
the y axis and the x axis
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Tutorial
1.
Define pump.
2.
3.
List down three factors which influence the choice of pump for a
particular operation.
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Conclusion
References
1. White, F.M. Fluid Mechanics 4th Ed. McGraw Hill
2. McCabe, W.L., Smith, J.C and Harriot Unit Operations of Chemical
Engineering 5th Ed. McGraw Hill
3. Anthony Esposito. Fluid Mechanics with Applications. Prentice Hall
International Inc.
4. Debler, W.R. Fluid Mechanics Fundamentals. Prentice Hall International
Inc.
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