Maria Lioni K.

130110080155 D3
To enable mothers to establish and sustain exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months,
WHO and UNICEF recommend:
Initiation of breastfeeding first hour of life
Exclusive breastfeeding = infant only receives breastmilk without any
additional food or drink, not even water
Breastfeeding on demand = that is as often as the child wants, day and
night
No use of bottles, teats or pacifiers
Breastmilk is the natural first food for babies, it provides all the energy and
nutrients that the infant needs for the first months of life, and it continues to
provide up to half or more of a childs nutritional needs during the second half
of the first year, and up to one-third during the second year of life.
Breastmilk promotes sensory and cognitive development, and protects the infant
against infectious and chronic diseases. Exclusive breastfeeding reduces infant
mortality due to common childhood illnesses such as diarrhoea or pneumonia,
and helps for a quicker recovery during illness.
Exclusive breastfeeding1 is recommended for the first six months of life for
healthy term infants, as breast milk is the best food for optimal growth. Infants
should be introduced to nutrient-rich, solid foods with particular attention
to iron at six months with continued breastfeeding for up to two years
and beyond. based on the WHO definition [5], refers to the practice of feeding
only breast milk (including expressed breast milk) and allows the baby to receive
vitamins, minerals or medicine. Water, breast milk substitutes, other liquids and
solid foods are excluded.
Usahakan memberi makan dalam suasana yang santai bagi anda dan bayi;
buatlah diri anda senyaman mungkin.
Selama beberapa minggu pertama, bayi perlu diberi makan setiap 2,5 - 3 jam
siang malam. Menjelang akhir minggu keenam, sebagian besar bayi makan
setiap 4 jam sekali. Jadwal ini baik sampai bayi berumur antara 10 - 12 bulan.
Pada usia ini sebagian besar bayi tidur sepanjang malam sehingga tak perlu lagi
memberi makan di malam hari.
Setelah 6 bulan, biasanya bayi membutuhkan lebih banyak zat besi dan
seng daripada yang tersedia didalam ASI - pada titik inilah, nutrisi
tambahan bisa diperoleh dari sedikit porsi makanan padat. Bayi-bayi
tertentu bisa minum ASI hingga usia 12 bulan atau lebih - selama bayi
anda terus menambah berat dan tumbuh sebagaimana mestinya, berarti ASI
anda bisa memenuhi kebutuhannya dengan baik. Menunda pemberian makanan
padat memberikan perlindungan yang lebih baik pada bayi terhadap berbagai
penyakit. Menunda pemberian makanan padat memberikan kesempatan pada
sistem penernaan bayi untuk berkembang menjadi lebih matang.

http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/exclusive_breastfeeding/en/
http://kuliahbidan.wordpress.com/2008/07/19/exclusive-breastfeedingasi-eksl/