EMBEDDED & REAL TIME SYSTEMS EC2042

QUESTION BANK
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED COMPUTING
2marks
1. What is embedded system?

An Embedded system is one that has computer hardware with

software embedded in it as one of its most important component.
2. What are the components of embedded system?
Hardware, Main Application Software, RTOS
3. What are the requirements of embedded system?
Reliability
Low Power Consumption
Cost Effectiveness
Efficient Use of Processing Power
4. What is microprocessor?
A microprocessor is a single VLSI chip that has a CPU and may also
have some other units for example floating point processing
arithmetic unit pipelining and super scaling units for faster processing
of instruction.
5. Give the characteristics of embedded system?
Perform a single specific task.
Time bounded.
Contains atleast one programmable unit. (micro-controller)
Runs a single program.
Minimum cost
6. What are the challenges of embedded system?
Hardware needed
Meeting the deadlines
Minimizing the power consumption

 Design for upgradeability

7. Give the steps in embedded system design?
Requirements
Specifications
Architecture
Components
System Integration
8. What is a Micro controller?
A microcontroller (sometimes abbreviated C, uC or MCU) is a small
computer on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core,
memory, and programmable input/output peripherals.
9. What are the specifications of 8051 Micro controller?
8-bit CPU optimized for control applications
Extensive Boolean processing (single-bit logic) capabilities
64K Program Memory address space
64K Data Memory address space
Up to 4K bytes of on-chip Program Memory
128 bytes of on-chip Data RAM
32 bi-directional and individually addressable I/O lines
Two 16-bit timer/counters
6-source/5-vector interrupt structure with two priority levels
10.Define NRE cost?
NRE costs are one-time up-front costs for new product development.
This includes wages, supplies, proprietary capital equipment
construction costs, etc.
11.What are the different types of ROM?
There are five basic ROM types:
ROM - Read Only Memory
PROM - Programmable Read Only Memory
EPROM - Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EEPROM - Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only
Memory
Flash EEPROM memory

12.Draw Von-neumann and Harvard architecture?

Von-Neumann Architecture :

Harvard architecture:

13.What are the functions of memory?

The basic function of computer memory is essentially to store data.
Depending on the type of data it stores and the role it plays in
computer operation, however, memory performs several different
functions. Although all of these functions involve data storage, RAM,
ROM, flash memory and hard drives each perform a different and
necessary function to keep a computer and its peripherals working.
14.Define ARM Processor?
An ARM processor is any of several 32-bit RISC (reduced instruction
set computer) microprocessor s developed by Advanced RISC
Machines, Ltd. The ARM architecture was originally conceived by
Acorn Computers Ltd. in the 1980s. Since then, it has evolved into a
family of microprocessors extensively used in consumer electronic
devices such as mobile phone s, multimedia players, pocket calculator
s and PDA s (personal digital assistants).

15. Define RAM?

RAM refers Random Access Memory. It is a memory location that
can be accesses without touching the other locations.
16.What are data types supported by RAM?
Standard ARM word is 32 bit long
Word is splitted into 48 bit bytes
17.What is the use of requirements form?
Name
Purpose
Inputs & outputs
Functions
Performance
Manufacturing cost
Power
Physical size and weight
18.Define RISC?
RISC, or Reduced Instruction Set Computer is a type of
microprocessor architecture that utilizes a small, highly-optimized set
of instructions, rather than a more specialized set of instructions often
found in other types of architectures.
19.

EMBEDDED & REAL TIME SYSTEMS EC2042

QUESTION BANK
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED COMPUTING
16 Marks
1. Explain in detail about embedded systems
2. Write about the design process
3. Write in detail about the steps in design process
4. Specify the challenges in embedded system design
5. Write the flow of control in ARM
6. Specify the data operations with example in ARM
7. List the hardware units that must be present in the embedded systems.
8. Explain the Exemplary applications of each type of embedded system.
9. Explain the various form of memories present in a system
10.Explain the software tools in designing of an embedded system.
11.Describe the architecture of a typical micro controller with a neat
diagram.
12.Explain how software is embedded into a system
13.Explain the methods used in the embedded system on a chip