Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
www.ijrde.com
ISSN: 2279-0500
Special Issue: pp- 261-266
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Chennai, India.
2,3
Alstom T&D India Ltd., Padappai, Chennai 620006,India
ABSTRACT
Gas Insulated Switchgear should carry high
current permanently. The high current creates
ohmic losses in the current carrying parts. The
heat from the losses increases the temperature of
the current carrying parts due to which their
resistance increases. This will result in a thermal
runaway condition resulting in failure of GIS.
Hence the temperature rise on the current
carrying parts should not exceed a maximum limit
which is defined by standards. Thus the current
carrying capacity is limited by the maximum
operating temperature. Moreover the capital cost
of GIS depends upon the current carrying
capacity. Hence it is necessary to predict the
temperature rise accurately. In this paper, the
temperature rise in a 420 kV GIS bus bar is
estimated using a theoretical model. The
theoretical model is in line with the publication of
CIGRE working group 21.12 which is meant for
the calculation of continuous current rating in
compressed gas insulated cables. However a
different principle and pattern that suits GIS bus
duct is adapted. The temperature rise estimated
using the theoretical model shows good agreement
when compared with the measured temperature
rise.
261 | P a g e
20
is the
A. Skin Effect
The skin effect corresponds to the uneven distribution
of the time-varying current in a conductor. The AC
distribution causes the conductor resistance to exceed
its DC value and produces higher losses. Fig.2 shows
the non uniform current distribution pattern on the
current carrying conductor due to skin effect
(1)
(2)
is the alternating current resistance of the
conductor tube at its maximum operating
temperature, is the direct current resistance of tube
at 20 , y is the coefficient of skin effect,
is the
262 | P a g e
(5)
is the electrical resistivity at direct current and
maximum operating temperature.
(6)
is the current in one conductor(inner tube),
is
of
the
insulation,
is
the
thermal
is the
is the thickness
263 | P a g e
=
(7)
Heat losses transmitted from the conductor by
convection are
8)
VII. METHODOLOGY
=
(9)
is
Start
(10)
Heat losses transmitted from the enclosure by
convection are
Initialize Tc
Initialize Te
Calculate alternating
resistance, current and heat
losses
(12)
Decrement Te
264 | P a g e
Maximum allowed
temperature rise C)
yes
Te > Ta
Decrement Tc
Rated current(A)
Tc > Ta
(14)
Pc + Pe =
40
Ambient temperature
(C)
Frequency (Hz)
yes
Pc =
65
50
4000
Analytical
Temperatur
e
Measured
Temperatur
e
Percentag
e
Deviation
Conducto
r
84 (C)
79.68 (C)
5.42%
Enclosure
53 (C)
53.3 (C)
0.005%
(15)
30
Parameter
Conductor Enclosure
Component
Analytical
Temperatu
re
Measured
Temperatur
e
Percentag
e
Deviation
Conductor
86 (C)
79.68 (C)
7.93%
Enclosure
55 (C)
53.3 (C)
3.18%
X. CONCLUSION
Temperature rise in a gas insulated bus bar
is a critical design parameter. A theoretical model in
line with the publication of CIGRE working group
265 | P a g e
REFERENCES
[1] CIGRE Working group 21.12., Calculation of
the continuous rating, compressed gas insulated
cables in still air with no radiation, Electra No
100,pp. 65-76, 1985.
[2] S. W. Kim, H. H. Kim, and S. C. Hahn, Coupled
finite-element analytic technique for prediction of
temperature rise in power apparatus, IEEE
Trans. on Magnetics., vol.38, no.2, pp. 921-924,
2002.
[3] J.K.Kim, S.C.Hahn, K.Y.Park, H.K.Kim,
Y.H.Oh, Temperature Rise Prediction of EHV
GIS Bus Bar by Coupled Magneto-thermal Finite
Element Method, IEEE Trans. Magnetics, Vol.
41, No. 5,pp. 1636-1639, May 2005.588
[4] J.H. Yoon, H.S. Ahn, J. Choi, I.S. Oh, An
Estimation Technology of Temperature Rise in
GIS Bus Bar using Three-Dimensional CoupledField Multiphysics, Proceedings of the IEEE
ISEI, 2008, 432-436
[5] Y. Li, S.L. Ho, N. Wang, and J. Guo
,Calculations of Electromagnetic Field and
Thermal Problem in an Isolated Phase Bus by
Using FE Model IEEE 2008 .
[6] Kim, H.K.; Oh, Y.H.; Lee, S.H ," Prediction of
temperature rise in gas insulated bus bar using
multi-physics analysis, IEEE Transmission &
Distribution Conference & Exposition: Asia and
Pacific, 2009.
[7] B. Novk, L. Koller, Steady-state Heating of
Gas Insulated Busbars ,IEEE 2008
[8] K. Itaka, T. Araki, and T. Hara, Heat transfer
characteristics of gas spacer cables, IEEE Trans.
P.A. , vol. 97, Sept./Oct. 1978
266 | P a g e