What Are Sanitary

Landfills?
When you throw away half-eaten food or a broken
item, do you ever think about what happens next? For
most people, once an item goes in the trashcan it is no
longer thought of, but for the item, the journey
continues.
Historically, trash was removed from the home or
business and placed in large open-air piles. This
method resulted in harsh odors, contamination, and
infestations by rodents and insects.
In 1935, a new system of waste disposal, called sanitary
landfills, was created in Fresno, California. Currently,
over 55% of all municipal solid waste that is created in
the United States is disposed of in sanitary landfills.
Sanitary landfills are a method of waste disposal
where the waste is buried either underground or in
large piles. This method of waste disposal is controlled
and monitored very closely. It is difficult to turn open
dumps into sanitary landfills. Instead, a community can
build a new sanitary landfill and clean up the old site by
transporting trash to the new one. A sanitary landfill
protects community health when:
it is built away from where people live.

 it is covered to prevent insects and other diseasecarrying animals from breeding.

it has a lining of hard-packed clay soil or plastic to
prevent chemicals and germs from contaminating
groundwater.
Because building and maintaining a sanitary landfill is a
lot of work, it usually needs to be done in partnership
with the community , local goverment and other
organization

For sanitary landfills, the process starts by digging a

large hole in the ground that is then lined with thick
plastic (normally 2-4 feet thick) and a layer of
impervious clay. The bottom of the landfill is also lined
with a network of plumbing that functions as a
collection system for any liquids. Leachates is the term
used to describe liquids that leach or leak from the
landfill, and this system collects the leachates. These
components of the sanitary landfill help prevent
materials and liquids from spreading to the
surrounding ground and waterways.
Once the landfill is set up, waste can then be added to
the landfill. Instead of simply filling the landfill
completely with waste, the landfill is organized in
layers. The layers alternate between waste and soil.
This alternation of materials reduces odors and allows
for more rapid decomposition, which is the
breakdown of materials. When a landfill is full, it is

sealed and covered in a thick layer of clay. Once the

landfill has been evaluated and considered safe, it can
be converted into a park or open space for human use.
It is interesting to think that a location where we put
our unwanted materials can then be turned into a
location for recreation and fun.