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1)
2)
3)
4)
Measuring Force
Field forces
act through empty space
5)
6)
Mass
It is an inherent property (property of matter),
independent of the environment and
measurement.
It can be thought of as the resistance of an
object to any changes in its velocity (inertia).
Dont confuse mass with weight which is the
gravitational force exerted on an object.
7)
8)
Units of Force
F ma
ma x
ma y
ma z
9)
10)
Ex:
F
F
F
4.7 4 8 .7 N
max 8.7 N a x
8.7
29m / s
0 .3
Fg mg
Fy F1 y F2 y F1 sin 20 F2 sin 60
Fy 1.71 6.93 5. 22N
0.3 kg
Fy ma y 5.22 N a y
a a x a y 29i 17. 4 j
5.22
17.4 m / s
0 .3
Fg mg
a 29 17.4 33. 8m / s
17.4
tan
31
19
1
11)
Gravitational Force
Weight
12)
F12 F21
13)
14)
n T mg 0 (a 0 ma 0 - object at rest)
n mg T
T ma mg
15)
16)
T mg may
T mg ma
Fnet ma
Fy T Mg Ma y
T Mg Ma T Mg Ma
17)
18)
Ex:
Ex:
Solution:
Solution:
F y=Fsin?
Fy
Fx
m
F
a
FBD
For y-direction
FBD
F cos ma a
19)
max
ma y
n F sin mg 0 (a y 0)
F cos
m
n mg F sin
20)
T=?
ma y
ma y
T m2 g m2 a ...................(2)
From (2)
T m2 g m2 a .....(2')
Sub. (2) i n (1)
Sub. a in (1)
m2 g m2 a m1 g m1 a
FBD
Atwood machine
m2 g m1 g m1 a m2 a
m g m1 g
a 2
m1 m2
2m1m2
g
m1 m2
21)
22)
FBD
From (1)
mg=122N
23)
Ex:
24)
max
mg sin max
ax g sin
n mg cos 0 n mg cos
ma y 0 (a y 0)
25)
26)
Friction
Friction
The two types of friction are
f s s n
1) Static Friction
2) Kinetic Friction
27)
28)
=0
F cos 25 s mg s F sin 25 0
Fsin25
fs
Fcos25
ma x
F
F
F cos f s 0 (a 0)
F cos 25 s n 0 ........(1 )
ma y
n F sin 25 mg 0 (a y 0)
n mg F sin 25........(2)
=0
F (cos 25 s sin 25 ) s mg
f k k n
s mg
cos 25 s sin 25
0.5(12)( 9.8)
53 N
cos 25 ( 0.5) sin 25
fs
Fsin25
Fcos25
29)
30)
a and
ma x
Fsin25
F cos f k ma
fk
F cos 25 k n ma
F cos 25 k n
,
a
m
n mg F sin 25 (from y - direction)
F cos 25 k ( mg F sin 25)
m
53 cos 25 (0.3)((12)(9.8 ) 53 sin 25)
a
1.6 m / s
12
max
mg sin f s 0 (a 0) ..........(1)
sin
f s s n
mg mg
may
n mg cos 0 (a y 0)
n mg cos .........( 2) sub for n in (1)
Review
F = ma
Weight: F = mg
F12 = F21
Static and kinetic friction is proportional to
the normal force.
sin
Fcos25
Solution: a)
sn
mg
s mg cos
mg
sin
tan s tan 1 s
cos