Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
DOI 10.1007/s00217-009-1064-6
ORIGINAL PAPER
Received: 13 November 2008 / Revised: 25 March 2009 / Accepted: 30 March 2009 / Published online: 18 April 2009
Springer-Verlag 2009
Introduction
Natural pigment is a vital quality attribute of foods, and
plays an important role in sensory and consumer acceptance of products [8, 28, 29].Curcumin is an important
permitted natural colorant used in food, nutritious and
pharmaceutical preparations among others [22, 26]. It is a
fat soluble pigment, while it is insoluble in aqueous medium [10]. It is susceptible to oxidants, light and heat, which
can be easily deteriorated when exposed to such factors as
Y. Wang (&) Z. Lu F. Lv X. Bie
College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural
University, 210095 Nanjing, China
e-mail: joywangyu@sina.com
123
392
CE
100
CT
Number
Tet (C)
Mc/Mw
tet (h)
EE (%)
(1) 60
(1) 1:20
(2) 1.5
75.0
(1) 60
(2) 1:30
(1) 1
83.5
(1) 60
(3) 1:40
(3) 2
94.4
(2) 70
(1) 1:20
(1) 1
92.1
(2) 70
(2) 1:30
(3) 2
96.1
(2) 70
(3) 1:40
(2) 1.5
93.8
(3) 80
(1) 1:20
(3) 2
67.8
(3) 80
(2) 1:30
(2) 1.5
73.2
(3) 80
(3) 1:40
(1) 1
57.6
K1
252.9%
234.9%
243.4%
K2
282.0%
252.8%
241.9%
K3
Range
208.8%
73.2%
256.0%
21.1%
258.3%
16.4%
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393
Tgi (C)
Wff (mL/min)
Waf (m3/h)
EE (%)
(1) 180
(1) 60
(1) 50
73.3
(1) 180
(2) 70
(2) 60
88.1
(1) 180
(3) 80
(3) 70
77.8
(2) 190
(1) 60
(2) 60
86.8
(2) 190
(2) 70
(3) 70
98.4
(2) 190
(3) 80
(1) 50
92.2
7
8
(3) 200
(3) 200
(1) 60
(2) 70
(3) 70
(1) 50
90.9
93.0
(3) 200
(3) 80
(2) 60
88.1
K1
239.1%
251.0%
258.4%
K2
277.34%
279.4%
263.0%
K3
272.0%
258.0%
267.1%
Range
38.3%
28.4%
8.7%
Quantification of curcumin
Twenty milligrams of microcapsule sample was dissolved
in absolute alcohol to form homogeneous solution (solution
concentration is 20%). Its absorbance and mass was
determined by a Model 752 UV spectrophotometry
(Shanghai jinghua Instrument Ltd, China) at
kmax = 425 nm. Curcumin concentration in the sample
was calculated using absorption value of the standard
solution.
Ten milligram of pure curcumin was dissolved in
absolute alcohol and up to 100 mL constant volume, from
which 10 mL solution was fetched. When it was up to
100 mL constant volume again, the standard curcumin
solution was obtained. In all, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 mL
standard solutions were up to 10 mL constant volume,
respectively, whose absorbances were determined by the
752 UV spectrophotometry at kmax = 425 nm. Its standard
curve and regression equation were then achieved, by
which the mass of curcumin in the encapsulated was
calculated.
The solubility of curcumin
The curcumin solubility in water was determined as follows. The mixture of the powder in the water solution
(0.3% w/v) was gently stirred until solid solubilization. The
powder was considered soluble when the time of solubilization was not greater than 5 min.
The time necessary for complete microcapsule solubilization was recorded. The results were conducted in
triplicate.
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394
7
6
y = 12.278x + 0.3281
2
R = 0.9998
5
4
3
2
1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.272
0.270
0.268
0.266
0.264
microencapsulated curcumin before spray drying
primary curcumin
microencapsulated curcumin after spray drying
0.262
0.260
0.258
0.256
0.254
0.252
0
20
40
60
80
heating temperature ( )
Fig. 2 Effect of heating temperature on curcumin stability
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100
395
0.24
0.26
0.25
0.22
0.24
0.23
0.22
0.21
0.20
0.18
0.16
0.19
0.20
primary curcumin
microencapsulated curcumin after spray drying
0.18
10
20
30
40
50
0.14
0
10
15
20
25
30
0.30
0.29
0.28
microencapsulated curcumin before spray drying
primary curcumin
microencapsulated curcumin after spray drying
0.27
0.26
0.25
0.24
0.23
1
pH
Conclusion
Curcumin microcapsules were successfully prepared by a
spray-drying method using a wall system consisting of
gelatin and porous starch. EE were significantly affected by
the ratio of core to wall materials, embedding temperature,
inlet gas temperature and feed flow rate. The optimal
condition was determined as follows: the ratio of core and
wall material of 1/30, embedding temperature of 70 C,
embedding time of 2 h, inlet gas temperature of 190 C,
feed flow rate of 70 mL/min and drying air flow of 70 m3/
h, at which microencapsulated curcumin before and after
spray drying showed good solubility and stability, such as
heat resistance stability, acid fastness stability and light
stability. This study would be helpful to promote the
application of curcumin and the food industry.
Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Youthful Scientific Innovation Foundation of Nanjing Agricultural University(no.
29972020).
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